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On the Hunt for Excited States INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS CERN COURIER VOLUME 45 NUMBER 10 DECEMBER 2005 On the hunt for excited states HOMESTAKE DARK MATTER SNOWMASS Future assured for Galactic gamma rays US workshop gets underground lab p5 may hold the key p 17 ready for the ILC p24 www.vectorfields.comi Music to your ears 2D & 3D electromagnetic modellinj If you're aiming for design excellence, demanding models. As a result millions you'll be pleased to hear that OPERA, of elements can be solved in minutes, the industry standard for electromagnetic leaving you to focus on creating modelling, gives you the most powerful outstanding designs. Electron trajectories through a TEM tools for engineering and scientific focussing stack analysis. Fast, accurate model analysis • Actuators and sensors - including Designed for parameterisation and position and NDT customisation, OPERA is incredibly easy • Magnets - ppm accuracy using TOSCA to use and has an extensive toolset, making • Electron devices - space charge analysis it ideal for a wide range of applications. including emission models What's more, its high performance analysis • RF Cavities - eigen modes and single modules work at exceptional levels of speed, frequency response accuracy and stability, even with the most • Motors - dynamic analysis including motion Don't take our word for it - order your free trial and check out OPERA yourself. B-field in a PMDC motor Vector Fields Ltd Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxon, 0X14 3ED, U.K. Tel: +44 (0)1865 370151 Fax: +44 (0)1865 370277 Email: [email protected] Vector Fields Inc 1700 North Famsworth Avenue, Aurora, IL, 60505. USA Tel: (630) 851 1734 Fax: (630) 851 2106 Email: [email protected] Vector Fields A Cobham pic company software for electromagnetic design CONTENTS Covering current developments in high- energy physics and related fields worldwide CERN Courier is distributed to member-state governments, institutes and laboratories affiliated with CERN, and to their personnel. It is published monthly, except for January and August. The views expressed are not necessarily those of the CERN CERN management. Editor Christine Sutton CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] Fax: +41 (0) 22 785 0247 Web: cerncourier.com COURIER Advisory board James Gillies, Rolf Landua and Maximilian Metzger Volume 45 Number 10 December 2005 Laboratory correspondents: Argonne National Laboratory (US): D Ayres Brookhaven National Laboratory (US): PYamin Cornell University (US): D G Cassel DESY Laboratory (Germany): Ilka Flegel, Petra Folkerts Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (US): Judy Jackson Forschungszentrum Jùlich (Germany): Markus Buescher GSI Darmstadt (Germany): G Siegert INFN (Italy): Barbara Gallavotti IHEP, Beijing (China): Tongzhou Xu Jefferson Laboratory (US): Steven Cornel iussen JINR Dubna (Russia): B Starchenko KEK National Laboratory (Japan): Youhei Morita Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (US): Spencer Klein Los Alamos National Laboratory (US): C Hoffmann Research goes underground p5 Capturing gamma-ray bursts p20 The secrets of keeping cool p28 NIKHEF Laboratory (Netherlands): Paul de Jong Novosibirsk Institute (Russia): S Eidelman Orsay Laboratory (France): Anne-Marie Lutz News 5 PPARC (UK): Peter Barratt Homestake poised to become a goldmine for scientific research. NSRRC PSI Laboratory (Switzerland): P-R Kettle Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK): Jacky Hutchinson operates in top-up mode. SNS reaches major milestone on journey to Saclay Laboratory (France): Elisabeth Locci completion next June. LEIR gets ions on course for the LHC. IHEP, Serpukhov (Russia): Yu Ryabov Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (US): Neil Calder TRIUMF Laboratory (Canada): Marcello Pavan Physicswatch 9 Produced for CERN by Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd, Dirac House, Temple Back, Bristol BS16BE, UK Astrowatch 10 Tel: +44 (0)117 929 7481; E-mail: [email protected]; Web: iop.org Publishing director Richard Roe CERN Courier Archive ii Publisher Jo Nicholas Art director Andrew Giaquinto Production Jonathan Cailes, Ruth Leopold Features Technical illustrator Alison Tovey Display advertisement manager Jonathan Baron A magnetic memorial to decades of experiments 12 Deputy advertisement manager Ed Jost Chris Jones finds the magnet from CERN's first g-2 experiment. Display sales North America John Lamb Recruitment and classified sales Kathryn Zerboni, Moo Ali and Adam Hylands Setting the record straight 15 Advertisement production Katie Graham Product manager Claire Webber Walter Oelert talks about fact and fiction in antimatter research. Advertising Jonathan Baron, Ed Jost, John Lamb, Kathryn Zerboni, Moo Ali or Adam Hylands Do gamma rays reveal our galaxy's dark matter? 1.7 Tel: +44 (0)117 930 1265 (for UK/Europe display advertising), 1/1/7/77 +1215 627 0880 (for North American display advertising), or de Boer describes an analysis of the observed excess of diffuse +44 (0)117 930 1196 (for recruitment advertising); gamma rays. E-mail: [email protected]; Fax: +44 (0)117 930 1178 General distribution Jacques Dallemagne, CERN, 1211 Geneva Gamma-ray bursts: a look behind the headlines 23, Switzerland. E-mail: [email protected] 21 In certain countries, to request copies or to make address Arnon Dar asks whether a 35 year old mystery has really been solved. changes, contact: China Keqing Ma, Library, Institute of High Energy Physics, PO Box 918, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China. ILC comes to Snowmass 24 E-mail: [email protected] A report on the workshops held this summer to advance plans for this Germany Veronika Werschner, DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] next-generation machine. Italy Loredana Rum or Anna Pennacchietti, INFN, Casella Postale 56, 00044 Frascati, Rome, Italy. E-mail: [email protected] UK Barrie Bunning, Library and Information Services Group, R61 How CERN keeps its cool 28 Library, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon 0X11OQX, UK. E-mail: [email protected] Giorgio Passardi and Laurent Tavian look at the tab's use of cryogenics. US/Canada Published by Cern Courier, 6N246 Willow Drive, St Charles, IL 60175, US. Periodical postage paid in St Charles, IL, US. Fax: 630 377 1569. E-mail: [email protected] REX-ISOLDE accelerates the first isomeric beams 31 POSTMASTER: send address changes to: Creative Mailing Georgi Georgiev presents a new technique to study nuclei. Services, PO Box 1147, St Charles, IL 60174, US Published by European Organization for Nuclear Research, CERN, People 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. Tel: +41 (0) 22 767 6111 33 Telefax: +41(0)22 767 65 55 Recruitment Printed by Warners (Midlands) pic, Bourne, Lincolnshire, UK 42 © 2005 CERN ISSN 0304-288X Bookshelf 51 Cover: The Miniball detector at CERN's REX-ISOLDE facility, with the REX post-accelerator just visible to IoP the top right. Isomers - short-lived excited nuclear states - can now be post-accelerated in REX (p31). CERN Courier December 2005 3 Look to the traditional.. and beyond... 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