DOCSLIB.ORG

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Refuges and Other Nearby Reserves in Southwestern Puerto Rico

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Refuges and Other Nearby Reserves in Southwestern Puerto Rico United States Department of U.S. Fish and Wildlife Agriculture Forest Service Service Refuges And Other Nearby Reserves In Southwestern Puerto Rico International Institute of Tropical Forestry General Technical Peter L. Weaver and Joseph J. Schwagerl Report IITF-40 Front cover Top, Cabo Rojo National Wildlife Refuge. The Cabo Rojo Salt flats, critical wildlife habitat at the southwestern tip of Puerto Rico, boast a long history of wildlife use and human activity (Photo by Jorge Salivia). Bottom, Laguna Cartagena National Wildlife Refuge. Farming and water diversion measures around the Cartagena Lagoon in southwestern Puerto Rico have modified its water quality and regimen (Photo by Peter L. Weaver) . Top, Wildlife refuge. Welcome to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Cabo Rojo National Wildlife Refuge via Mariano Rodríguez Lane (Photo by Peter L. Weaver). Bottom, Headquarters. First constructed to monitor regional communications, the original headquarters was the home of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for 35 years (Photo by Peter L. Weaver). U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Refuges And Other Nearby Reserves In Southwestern Puerto Rico Peter L. Weaver International Institute of Tropical Forestry U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Río Piedras, Puerto Rico and Joseph J. Schwagerl U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of the Interior Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico June 2009 International Institute of Tropical Forestry Jardín Botánico Sur 1201 Calle Ceiba San Juan, PR 00926-1119 Contents Page Abstract ............................................................................................................................... v List of Figures ..................................................................................................................... vi List of Tables ....................................................................................................................... vii Background Information ................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1 Objectives and Parameters .................................................................................................. 1 Administrative Details ........................................................................................................ 2 Historical Perspective ......................................................................................................... 2 Environmental Conditions of the Refuges ................................................................... 6 Geology .............................................................................................................................. 6 Soils ................................................................................................................................... 9 Physiography and Hydrology ............................................................................................. 13 Climate ................................................................................................................................ 14 Flora ...................................................................................................................................... 17 Major Forest Types in the Southwest ................................................................................. 18 Other Vegetation Types ....................................................................................................... 19 Vegetation Types at the Refuges ......................................................................................... 19 Fauna on the Refuges ....................................................................................................... 21 Mammals ............................................................................................................................ 21 Birds .................................................................................................................................. 25 Reptiles and Amphibians .................................................................................................... 35 Fish ..................................................................................................................................... 36 Other Flora and Fauna ........................................................................................................ 37 Environmental Issues ....................................................................................................... 37 Endangered Species .......................................................................................................... 39 Management Activities ..................................................................................................... 41 Fire and Habitat Restoration ............................................................................................... 41 Cartagena Lagoon ............................................................................................................... 46 Structures and Improvements ............................................................................................. 48 Collaborative Activities ...................................................................................................... 50 Public Use of Refuges ....................................................................................................... 51 Visitors ................................................................................................................................ 51 Special Use permits ........................................................................................................... 52 Other Major Protected Areas in the Southwest .......................................................... 52 Boquerón Commonwealth Forest ....................................................................................... 52 Boquerón Wildlife Refuge .................................................................................................. 55 Guánica Commonwealth Forest ......................................................................................... 57 iii Contents (continued) Page Los Morrillos de Cabo Rojo Lighthouse ............................................................................ 58 Parguera Natural Reserve ................................................................................................... 59 Punta Guaniquilla Natural Reserve .................................................................................... 60 General Observations and Research in Southwestern Puerto Rico ....................... 61 Flora—Mangroves and Phenology ..................................................................................... 62 Fauna—Birds ...................................................................................................................... 62 Cabo Rojo National Wildlife Refuge Studies—Headquarters Tract and Municipality ................................................................................................................ 62 Flora—Tree Genetics, Mistletoe, and Restoration ............................................................. 62 Fauna—Birds ...................................................................................................................... 63 Other Fauna ........................................................................................................................ 64 Cabo Rojo National Wildlife Refuge Studies—Salinas Tract ................................. 64 Lagoon System and Its Wildlife ......................................................................................... 64 Fauna—Shorebirds and Wading Birds ................................................................................ 65 Fauna—Sea Turtles ............................................................................................................. 66 Laguna Cartagena National Wildlife Refuge Studies—Lagoon Tract .................. 66 Water Quality, Insects, and Earthworms ............................................................................. 66 Native Bird Species ............................................................................................................ 66 Laguna Cartagena National Wildlife Refuge Studies—Tinaja Tract ................... 67 Secondary Succession and Restoration .............................................................................. 67 Boquerón Commonwealth Forest .................................................................................. 67 Fauna—Bird Species .......................................................................................................... 67 Guánica Commonwealth Forest .................................................................................... 69 Climatic Influences ............................................................................................................. 69 Flora—Forest and Tree Species .......................................................................................... 69 Fauna—Bird Monitoring Studies ....................................................................................... 70 Fauna—Individual Bird Species ......................................................................................... 71 Fauna—Lizards and Geckos ..............................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Reporton the Rare Plants of Puerto Rico
    REPORTON THE RARE PLANTS OF PUERTO RICO tii:>. CENTER FOR PLANT CONSERVATION ~ Missouri Botanical Garden St. Louis, Missouri July 15, l' 992 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Center for Plant Conservation would like to acknowledge the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and the W. Alton Jones Foundation for their generous support of the Center's work in the priority region of Puerto Rico. We would also like to thank all the participants in the task force meetings, without whose information this report would not be possible. Cover: Zanthoxy7um thomasianum is known from several sites in Puerto Rico and the U.S . Virgin Islands. It is a small shrub (2-3 meters) that grows on the banks of cliffs. Threats to this taxon include development, seed consumption by insects, and road erosion. The seeds are difficult to germinate, but Fairchild Tropical Garden in Miami has plants growing as part of the Center for Plant Conservation's .National Collection of Endangered Plants. (Drawing taken from USFWS 1987 Draft Recovery Plan.) REPORT ON THE RARE PLANTS OF PUERTO RICO TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements A. Summary 8. All Puerto Rico\Virgin Islands Species of Conservation Concern Explanation of Attached Lists C. Puerto Rico\Virgin Islands [A] and [8] species D. Blank Taxon Questionnaire E. Data Sources for Puerto Rico\Virgin Islands [A] and [B] species F. Pue~to Rico\Virgin Islands Task Force Invitees G. Reviewers of Puerto Rico\Virgin Islands [A] and [8] Species REPORT ON THE RARE PLANTS OF PUERTO RICO SUMMARY The Center for Plant Conservation (Center) has held two meetings of the Puerto Rlco\Virgin Islands Task Force in Puerto Rico.
    [Show full text]
  • Schaus' Swallowtail
    Bring this image to life: Schaus’ Swallowtail see reverse side for details Heraclides aristodemus ponceanus Florida Museum 3D Butterfly Cards Inspiring people to care about life on earth The critically endangered Schaus’ Swallowtail (Heraclides aristodemus ponceanus) is a large, iconic butterfly found in South Florida. Historically, the butterfly inhabited dense upland forests called tropical hardwood hammocks from the greater Miami area south through the Florida Keys. Habitat loss and fragmentation over the past century have led to severe population declines and range reductions. Today, Schaus’ Swallowtail is restricted to only a few remaining sites in the northern Florida Keys, making it one of the rarest butterflies in the U.S. and our only federally listed swallowtail. Although small numbers occur on Key Largo, the main population resides on islands in Biscayne National Park. Because recent surveys indicate extremely small numbers of butterflies throughout its range, the risk of extinction is thought to be very high. Collaborative conservation and recovery efforts are underway for the Schaus’ Swallowtail. They include regular population monitoring, captive breeding, organism reintroduction and habitat restoration. • Download the Libraries of Life app from the iTunes or Android store and install on your device. • Launch the app and select the Florida Museum icon. • Hold your mobile device camera about 6 inches away from card image. • View specimen and click buttons to view content. Cover photo by: Jaret Daniels The Florida Museum of Natural History is a leading authority in biodiversity and cultural heritage, using its expertise to advance knowledge and solve real world problems. The Florida Museum inspires people to value the biological richness and cultural heritage of our diverse world and make a positive difference in its future.
    [Show full text]
  • FM), 3-9 July, 3-10 September and 10-13 December 1990
    BULLETIN OF THE ALLYN MUSEUM 3621 Bayshore Rd. Sarasota, Florida 34234 Published By Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville, Florida 32611 Number 133 14 June 1991 ISSN-0097-3211 THE BUTTERFLIES OF ANEGADA, BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS, WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF A NEW CALISTO (SATYRIDAE) AND A NEW COPAEODES (HESPERIIDAE) ENDEMIC TO THE ISLAND David Spencer Smith Hope Entomological Collections, The University Museum, Parks Road, Oxford, OX! 3PW, England. Lee D. Miller Allyn Museum of Entomology of the Florida Museum of Natural History, 3621 Bay Shore Road, Sarasota, Florida 34234, U.S.A. Faustino KcKenzie Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Boulevard del Valle 201, Old San Juan, Puerto Rico 00901, U.S.A. This paper is dedicated to the memory of John Griffith of Jesus College, Oxford. INTRODUCTION Anegada island is the northernmost member of the Lesser Antillean arc, situated at 18" 43'N and 64" 19'W. Its nearest neighbors are Anguilla, about 80 statute miles (127 km} across the Anegada Passage to the east-southeast and Virgin Gorda, about 13 miles (21 km} due south. Whereas the Virgin Islands are generally mountainous, Anegada reaches perhaps 18 ' above mean sea level and much of the island is considerably lower (D 'Arcy, 1975}. It is about 10 miles (16 km} in length, about 15 square miles (39 km'} in area, oriented along the east-west axis and is just over 2 miles (3.5 km} across the widest point (Fig. 16}. From the south coast and into the Anegada Passage to the southeast extends the Horseshoe Reef, long a hazard to navigation.
    [Show full text]
  • Sandy Point, Green Cay and Buck Island National Wildlife Refuges Comprehensive Conservation Plan
    Sandy Point, Green Cay and Buck Island National Wildlife Refuges Comprehensive Conservation Plan U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region September 2010 Sandy Point, Green Cay, and Buck Island National Wildlife Refuges COMPREHENSIVE CONSERVATION PLAN SANDY POINT, GREEN CAY AND BUCK ISLAND NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGES United States Virgin Islands Caribbean Islands National Wildlife Refuge Complex U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region Atlanta, Georgia September 2010 Table of Contents iii Sandy Point, Green Cay, and Buck Island National Wildlife Refuges TABLE OF CONTENTS COMPREHENSIVE CONSERVATION PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................... 1 I. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3 Purpose and Need for the Plan .................................................................................................... 3 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ...................................................................................................... 3 National Wildlife Refuge System .................................................................................................. 4 Legal and Policy Context .............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Bonpland and Humboldt Specimens, Field Notes, and Herbaria; New Insights from a Study of the Monocotyledons Collected in Venezuela
    Bonpland and Humboldt specimens, field notes, and herbaria; new insights from a study of the monocotyledons collected in Venezuela Fred W. Stauffer, Johann Stauffer & Laurence J. Dorr Abstract Résumé STAUFFER, F. W., J. STAUFFER & L. J. DORR (2012). Bonpland and STAUFFER, F. W., J. STAUFFER & L. J. DORR (2012). Echantillons de Humboldt specimens, field notes, and herbaria; new insights from a study Bonpland et Humboldt, carnets de terrain et herbiers; nouvelles perspectives of the monocotyledons collected in Venezuela. Candollea 67: 75-130. tirées d’une étude des monocotylédones récoltées au Venezuela. Candollea In English, English and French abstracts. 67: 75-130. En anglais, résumés anglais et français. The monocotyledon collections emanating from Humboldt and Les collections de Monocotylédones provenant des expéditions Bonpland’s expedition are used to trace the complicated ways de Humboldt et Bonpland sont utilisées ici pour retracer les in which botanical specimens collected by the expedition were cheminements complexes des spécimens collectés lors returned to Europe, to describe the present location and to de leur retour en Europe. Ces collections sont utilisées pour explore the relationship between specimens, field notes, and établir la localisation actuelle et la composition d’importants descriptions published in the multi-volume “Nova Genera et jeux de matériel associés à ce voyage, ainsi que pour explorer Species Plantarum” (1816-1825). Collections in five European les relations existantes entre les spécimens, les notes de terrain herbaria were searched for monocotyledons collected by et les descriptions parues dans les divers volumes de «Nova the explorers. In Paris, a search of the Bonpland Herbarium Genera et Species Plantarum» (1816-1825).
    [Show full text]
  • Title Slide. I Want to Thank Dave Watson for Inviting Me to Talk at This Symposium
    Title Slide. I want to thank Dave Watson for inviting me to talk at this Symposium. It’s always a pleasure to speak to an audience that is already pre- selected as being interested in mistletoes! 1 Slide. Studies of Loranthaceae. The largest family of mistletoes is Loranthaceae. And as one might expect, it has been the subject of many scientific studies. This slide shows a variety of subdisciplines within biology that have focused on Loranthaceae, as well as a few areas that to date have not received any attention. 2 Slide. My talk today will focus upon the taxonomy and evolutionary biology of Loranthaceae. As indicated in the title, I want to demonstrate how developing a meaningful taxonomy for a group is best accomplished using the most powerful tool in the systematist’s toolkit: molecular phylogenetics. 3 Slide. Santalales: The Largest Group of Parasitic Plants. Among the twelve orders of flowering plants in which haustorial parasitism evolved, only two have more than three genera: Lamiales and Santalales. Of these, Lamiales contains a single family of hemi- and holoparasitic plants: Orobanchaceae with 93 genera (32%) and 1725 species (39%). Santalales is the largest order of parasitic plants, with 179 genera (61%) and 2407 species (54%). It’s the only order of parasitic plant with more than one family. 4 Slide. Within Santalales, Loranthaceae has by far the highest number of genera (75) with Balanophoraceae coming in second (17). 5 Slide. Loranthaceae also the highest number of species (987) with Viscaceae and Thesiaceae coming in second and third. 6 Slide. This slide has sorted the loranth genera according to size (number of species).
    [Show full text]
  • Forest Inventory and Analysis National Core Field Guide
    National Core Field Guide, Version 5.1 October, 2011 FOREST INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS NATIONAL CORE FIELD GUIDE VOLUME I: FIELD DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES FOR PHASE 2 PLOTS Version 5.1 National Core Field Guide, Version 5.1 October, 2011 Changes from the Phase 2 Field Guide version 5.0 to version 5.1 Changes documented in change proposals are indicated in bold type. The corresponding proposal name can be seen using the comments feature in the electronic file. • Section 8. Phase 2 (P2) Vegetation Profile (Core Optional). Corrected several figure numbers and figure references in the text. • 8.2. General definitions. NRCS PLANTS database. Changed text from: “USDA, NRCS. 2000. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 1 January 2000). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. FIA currently uses a stable codeset downloaded in January of 2000.” To: “USDA, NRCS. 2010. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 1 January 2010). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. FIA currently uses a stable codeset downloaded in January of 2010”. • 8.6.2. SPECIES CODE. Changed the text in the first paragraph from: “Record a code for each sampled vascular plant species found rooted in or overhanging the sampled condition of the subplot at any height. Species codes must be the standardized codes in the Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS database (currently January 2000 version). Identification to species only is expected. However, if subspecies information is known, enter the appropriate NRCS code. For graminoids, genus and unknown codes are acceptable, but do not lump species of the same genera or unknown code.
    [Show full text]
  • Puerto Rico Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy 2005
    Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy Puerto Rico PUERTO RICO COMPREHENSIVE WILDLIFE CONSERVATION STRATEGY 2005 Miguel A. García José A. Cruz-Burgos Eduardo Ventosa-Febles Ricardo López-Ortiz ii Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy Puerto Rico ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Financial support for the completion of this initiative was provided to the Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources (DNER) by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Federal Assistance Office. Special thanks to Mr. Michael L. Piccirilli, Ms. Nicole Jiménez-Cooper, Ms. Emily Jo Williams, and Ms. Christine Willis from the USFWS, Region 4, for their support through the preparation of this document. Thanks to the colleagues that participated in the Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy (CWCS) Steering Committee: Mr. Ramón F. Martínez, Mr. José Berríos, Mrs. Aida Rosario, Mr. José Chabert, and Dr. Craig Lilyestrom for their collaboration in different aspects of this strategy. Other colleagues from DNER also contributed significantly to complete this document within the limited time schedule: Ms. María Camacho, Mr. Ramón L. Rivera, Ms. Griselle Rodríguez Ferrer, Mr. Alberto Puente, Mr. José Sustache, Ms. María M. Santiago, Mrs. María de Lourdes Olmeda, Mr. Gustavo Olivieri, Mrs. Vanessa Gautier, Ms. Hana Y. López-Torres, Mrs. Carmen Cardona, and Mr. Iván Llerandi-Román. Also, special thanks to Mr. Juan Luis Martínez from the University of Puerto Rico, for designing the cover of this document. A number of collaborators participated in earlier revisions of this CWCS: Mr. Fernando Nuñez-García, Mr. José Berríos, Dr. Craig Lilyestrom, Mr. Miguel Figuerola and Mr. Leopoldo Miranda. A special recognition goes to the authors and collaborators of the supporting documents, particularly, Regulation No.
    [Show full text]
  • BUTTERFLIES in Thewest Indies of the Caribbean
    PO Box 9021, Wilmington, DE 19809, USA E-mail: [email protected]@focusonnature.com Phone: Toll-free in USA 1-888-721-3555 oror 302/529-1876302/529-1876 BUTTERFLIES and MOTHS in the West Indies of the Caribbean in Antigua and Barbuda the Bahamas Barbados the Cayman Islands Cuba Dominica the Dominican Republic Guadeloupe Jamaica Montserrat Puerto Rico Saint Lucia Saint Vincent the Virgin Islands and the ABC islands of Aruba, Bonaire, and Curacao Butterflies in the Caribbean exclusively in Trinidad & Tobago are not in this list. Focus On Nature Tours in the Caribbean have been in: January, February, March, April, May, July, and December. Upper right photo: a HISPANIOLAN KING, Anetia jaegeri, photographed during the FONT tour in the Dominican Republic in February 2012. The genus is nearly entirely in West Indian islands, the species is nearly restricted to Hispaniola. This list of Butterflies of the West Indies compiled by Armas Hill Among the butterfly groupings in this list, links to: Swallowtails: family PAPILIONIDAE with the genera: Battus, Papilio, Parides Whites, Yellows, Sulphurs: family PIERIDAE Mimic-whites: subfamily DISMORPHIINAE with the genus: Dismorphia Subfamily PIERINAE withwith thethe genera:genera: Ascia,Ascia, Ganyra,Ganyra, Glutophrissa,Glutophrissa, MeleteMelete Subfamily COLIADINAE with the genera: Abaeis, Anteos, Aphrissa, Eurema, Kricogonia, Nathalis, Phoebis, Pyrisitia, Zerene Gossamer Wings: family LYCAENIDAE Hairstreaks: subfamily THECLINAE with the genera: Allosmaitia, Calycopis, Chlorostrymon, Cyanophrys,
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Theecological Systemsof Puerto Rico
    United States Department of Agriculture Guide to the Forest Service Ecological Systems International Institute of Tropical Forestry of Puerto Rico General Technical Report IITF-GTR-35 June 2009 Gary L. Miller and Ariel E. Lugo The Forest Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture is dedicated to the principle of multiple use management of the Nation’s forest resources for sustained yields of wood, water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research, cooperation with the States and private forest owners, and management of the National Forests and national grasslands, it strives—as directed by Congress—to provide increasingly greater service to a growing Nation. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Authors Gary L. Miller is a professor, University of North Carolina, Environmental Studies, One University Heights, Asheville, NC 28804-3299.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.A Study of the Dry Forest Communities in the Dominican
    Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ISSN: 0001-3765 [email protected] Academia Brasileira de Ciências Brasil GARCÍA-FUENTES, ANTONIO; TORRES-CORDERO, JUAN A.; RUIZ-VALENZUELA, LUIS; LENDÍNEZ-BARRIGA, MARÍA LUCÍA; QUESADA-RINCÓN, JUAN; VALLE- TENDERO, FRANCISCO; VELOZ, ALBERTO; LEÓN, YOLANDA M.; SALAZAR- MENDÍAS, CARLOS A study of the dry forest communities in the Dominican Republic Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, vol. 87, núm. 1, marzo, 2015, pp. 249-274 Academia Brasileira de Ciências Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=32738838023 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2015) 87(1): 249-274 (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) Printed version ISSN 0001-3765 / Online version ISSN 1678-2690 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201520130510 www.scielo.br/aabc A study of the dry forest communities in the Dominican Republic ANTONIO GARCÍA-FUENTES1, JUAN A. TORRES-CORDERO1, LUIS RUIZ-VALENZUELA1, MARÍA LUCÍA LENDÍNEZ-BARRIGA1, JUAN QUESADA-RINCÓN2, FRANCISCO VALLE-TENDERO3, ALBERTO VELOZ4, YOLANDA M. LEÓN5 and CARLOS SALAZAR-MENDÍAS1 1Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, s/n, 23071 Jaén, España 2Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, 45071 Toledo, España 3Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva, Avda.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Land Use on Butterfly (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) Abundance and Diversity in the Tropical Coastal Regions of Guyana and Australia
    ResearchOnline@JCU This file is part of the following work: Sambhu, Hemchandranauth (2018) Effects of land use on butterfly (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) abundance and diversity in the tropical coastal regions of Guyana and Australia. PhD Thesis, James Cook University. Access to this file is available from: https://doi.org/10.25903/5bd8e93df512e Copyright © 2018 Hemchandranauth Sambhu The author has certified to JCU that they have made a reasonable effort to gain permission and acknowledge the owners of any third party copyright material included in this document. If you believe that this is not the case, please email [email protected] EFFECTS OF LAND USE ON BUTTERFLY (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE) ABUNDANCE AND DIVERSITY IN THE TROPICAL COASTAL REGIONS OF GUYANA AND AUSTRALIA _____________________________________________ By: Hemchandranauth Sambhu B.Sc. (Biology), University of Guyana, Guyana M.Sc. (Res: Plant and Environmental Sciences), University of Warwick, United Kingdom A thesis Prepared for the College of Science and Engineering, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy James Cook University February, 2018 DEDICATION ________________________________________________________ I dedicate this thesis to my wife, Alliea, and to our little girl who is yet to make her first appearance in this world. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ________________________________________________________ I would like to thank the Australian Government through their Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade for graciously offering me a scholarship (Australia Aid Award – AusAid) to study in Australia. From the time of my departure from my home country in 2014, Alex Salvador, Katherine Elliott and other members of the AusAid team have always ensured that the highest quality of care was extended to me as a foreign student in a distant land.
    [Show full text]