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Final Report Volume I Main Report DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA MAHAWELI AUTHORITY OF SRI LANKA (MASL) PREPARATORY SURVEY ON MORAGAHAKANDA DEVELOPMENT PROJECT FINAL REPORT VOLUME I MAIN REPORT JULY 2010 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. SAD CR (5) 10－011 DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA MAHAWELI AUTHORITY OF SRI LANKA (MASL) PREPARATORY SURVEY ON MORAGAHAKANDA DEVELOPMENT PROJECT FINAL REPORT VOLUME I MAIN REPORT JULY 2010 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. PREPARATORY SURVEY ON MORAGAHAKANDA DEVELOPMENT PROJECT FINAL REPORT LIST OF VOLUMES VOLUME I MAIN REPORT VOLUME II APPENDIX (1/2) APPENDIX A GEOLOGY APPENDIX B WATER BALANCE APPENDIX C REVIEW OF DESIGN OF FACILITIES OF THE PROJECT APPENDIX D COST ESTIMATE APPENDIX E ECONOMIC EVALUATION VOLUME III APPENDIX (2/2) APPENDIX F ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION Preparatory Survey on Moragahakanda Development Project Project Location Map Photograph Documentation (1 / 4) Date : Jan. 13, 2010 Date : Jan. 13, 2010 Place: MASL Place: MASL Title: Inception Report Presentation Title: Inception Report Presentation Date : Feb. 2, 2010 Date : Feb. 2, 2010 Place: Moragahakanda Dam Site Place: Moragahakanda Dam Site Title: Moragahakanda Project Office Title: Amban Ganga Bridge Date : Feb. 2, 2010 Date : Jan. 19, 2010 Place: Moragahakanda Dam Site Place: Moragahakanda Dam Site Title: Saddle Dam No.2 Title: Site reconnaissance by experts P-1 Photograph Documentation (2 / 4) Date : Feb. 2, 2010 Date : Feb. 2, 2010 Place: Moragahakanda Dam Site Place: Moragahakanda Dam Site Title: Perspective of Dam Site Title: Dam Axis of Main Dam, view from left bank Date : Feb. 3, 2010 Date : Feb. 3, 2010 Place: Kaudulla Left Bank Place: Kaudulla Branch Canal Title: Improvement Work of Kaudulla Left Bank Main Canal Title: Beginning point of Kaudulla Branch Canal (Existing: 6m – New: 9m) Date : Feb. 16, 2010 Date : Feb. 16, 2010 Place: Moragahakanda Dam Site Place: Naula Title: Diversion road with 33kV power transmission line Title: Proposed CEB Naula grid power station site (132kV transmission line) P-2 Photograph Documentation (3 / 4) Date : Feb. 2, 2010 Date : Feb. 3, 2010 Place: Moragahakanda Dam Site Place: SystemD1 Title: Proposed Elephant Corridor Title: Proposed Resettlement Site Date : Feb. 2, 2010 Date : Jan. 20, 2010 Place: System F Place: Wallewala Title: Proposed Resettlement Site Title: Service Center Date : Mar. 4, 2010 Date : Mar. 4, 2010 Place: MASL Place: MASL Title: Presentation for the result of 1st field survey Title: Presentation for the result of 1st field survey P-3 Photograph Documentation (4 / 4) Date: Mar. 24, 2010 Date: Mar. 24, 2010 Place: MASL Place: MASL Title: Interim Report Presentation Title: Interim Report Presentation Date: Apr. 24, 2010 Date: Apr. 24, 2010 Place: Borrow Area Place: Borrow Area Title: Environmental and Social Field Investigation Title: Environmental and Social Field Investigation Date: June. 11, 2010 Date: June. 11, 2010 Place: MASL Place: MASL Title: Draft Final Report Wrap-up Meeting Title: Draft Final Report Wrap-up Meeting P-4 SUMMARY 01 Authority The Preparatory Survey for the Moragahakanda Development Project (the Project) was carried out for eight months from December 2009 to July 2010 in accordance with the Terms of Reference contained in the Implementation Program for the Moragahakanda Development Project agreed between the Mahaweli Authority of Sri Lanka (MASL) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) in October 2009. 02 Present Status of Relevant Sectors in the Project Area 1) Agriculture Agriculture is the dominant and most important economic activity in Sri Lanka. The share of agriculture sector accounted for 12.1% of the total gross domestic product (GDP) of LKR 2,365,500 million in 2008. Although the contribution from the agriculture sector to GDP, which used to be 28% of the total GDP in early 1980s, has been declining, the agriculture sector still plays a vital role in Sri Lanka’s economy. The ten-year development framework (2006-2016) for the agriculture sector in “Mahinda Chintana (Vision for a New Sri Lanka)”, which was published by the Department of National Planning, the Ministry of Finance and Planning in 2005, has set the development targets in the agriculture sector. During the planned period (2006-2016), the agriculture sector as a whole is planned to grow at an average rate of over 5%. The growth will result from a combination of increase in the extent area for agricultural production and improvement of its productivity. Growth rates of the extent area and the productivity of Source of data: MASL and FS2001 non-plantation sector that are required to achieve the overall Fig. S-1 Irrigation Systems in the Project Area S-1 growth rate of 5% are shown in Table S-1 according to the ten year development framework of “Mahinda Cintana”. Table S-1 Target Growth Rates of Extent and Productivity Rate of Increase for the ten-year period (2006-2016) Description Extent Area Increase Productivity Increase Non Plantation Sector - Paddy 0.1% 10.0% - Field Crops, Vegetables, Fruits etc. 0.8% 25.0% Source of data: Mahinda Chintana: Vision for a New Sri Lanka A Ten Years Horizon Development Framework 2006 - 2016 Discussion Paper The benefited areas of the Project consist of seven operational systems of the MASL, namely System H, I/H, M/H, Kandalama Huruluwewa Feeder Canal (KHFC), G, D1 and D2 (see Fig. S-1). The estimated total irrigable area in the Project area in 2010 is approximately 86,000 ha. The major crop cultivated in the Project area is paddy during both Maha and Yala seasons. Other field crops (OFC) such as chili, big onion, maize, cowpea, vegetables, and banana are cultivated mainly during Yala seasons. Meanwhile very little OFC are grown during Maha season. The cultivated area and cropping intensity in the project area is summarized in Table S-2. Table S-2 Cultivated Area and Cropping Intensity in the Project Area Maha Season Yala Season Annual Description Paddy OFC Total Paddy OFC Total Total Cultivated area (ha) 81,218 2,055 83,273 54,423 12,193 66,616 149,889 Cropping Intensity 95% 3% 98% 64% 14% 78% 176% Source of data: MASL and Irrigation Dept. The average cultivated area for paddy and OFC is 83,000 ha in Maha season and 67,000 ha in Yala season in recent ten years from 1999/2000 Maha to 2009 Yala. The average annual total cropping intensity for the whole Project area is 176% in the past ten years. In all systems, cropping intensity during Maha season is more than 90%. Meanwhile during Yala season, cropping intensity is 78% in average and varies depending on the system and year. The average paddy yield in the entire Project area is about 4.45 t/ha in Maha season, while about 4.46 t/ha in Yala season. 2) Electricity Since the latter half of 1990s, thermal generation increased rapidly to meet the growing electricity demand in Sri Lanka and it superseded the hydro generation in 2000. However, the Sri Lankan power system is still significantly dependent on hydropower. In the “Long Term Generation Expansion Plan 2009- 2022” issued by the Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) in December 2008, the incremental generation in the future will be much owed to the thermal generation, while the hydropower generation remains almost at the same level as shown in Fig. S-2. The total annual hydropower generation is predicted to be 4,376 GWh until the year of 2011, and will be 4,797 GWh after 2012 by adding 421GWh from Upper Kotmale. S-2 The present electricity power Electricity Generation Source forecast(GWh/y) supply to the proposed dam site and 30000 its vicinity areas (including Naula) 25000 involves voltage fluctuation and 20000 Themal sudden outage of electricity due to 15000 Renewables Hydro a long distribution line from 10000 Ukuwela and Habarana grid 5000 substations. Based on the forecast 0 load on the existing Ukuwela and 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Habarana grid substations, the load Source of data: CEB of those substations exceeds 120% Fig. S-2 Electricity Generation Source Forecast under outage of one transformer by 2013 and 2014 respectively. Also, due to long distribution lines, the voltage profiles at Naula and Dambulla are very poor, which also causes high power losses. According to the CEB 2006 data, the electrification level in the Naula area was 66%, and it was lower than the average of total Sri Lanka, i.e. 80% in 2006. 3) Domestic and Industrial Water Supply The National Water Supply and Drainage Board (NWSDB) plans and implements major water supply schemes in Sri Lanka, while municipalities and other organizations also implement small water supply schemes such as ground water schemes. The NWSDB Corporate Plan 2007-2011 was prepared with the assistance from JBIC (now merged with JICA) in September 2006 aiming to contribute in uplifting the living conditions of people in towns and villages by providing sufficient and safe drinking water through piped water supply schemes. In the above Plan, the development targets of water supply sector have been set; the development targets of water supply coverage and non-revenue water in 2011 are 40% and 30%, respectively. The Project area includes four districts for domestic and industrial water supply, i.e. Polonnaruwa, Matale, Anuradhapura and Trincomalee. The present status (as of 2009) of domestic and industrial water supply sector (pipe-borne water supply) in the four districts is shown in Table S-3. Pipe-borne water supply coverage in the Project area is still at a low level compared to the target of the NWSDB Corporate Plan 2007-2011. Table S-3 Present Status of Domestic and Industrial Water Supply Sector in the Project Area Water Production Amount of water Population Non-Revenue No District (MCM/year) Supply (m3/day) Served (person.) Water (%) 1.
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