The Outcrop 2015-16 Chair’s Letter, Harold Tobin...... 1 The Outcrop, 2015-16 Board of Visitors’ Report, Christine Griffith...... 2 John Valley–Faculty liaison (valley@geology.wisc.edu) Gifts, 2015...... 3 Mary Diman–Editor, graphics, production ([email protected]) Distinguished Alumni Awards for 2016...... 4-5 Bob Dott–Department historian ([email protected]) Student Awards and Scholarships...... 6 ©2016 Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System Students in the Field Spring Break, Shanan Peters...... 7 Degrees Awarded ...... 8 Alumni and Friends: Please notify the department if you GLE Report, William J. Likos...... 9 have a mailing address or email address change. The UW The Archivist’s Corner, Bob Dott and Ron Blakey...... 10 Alumni Association or US Postal service may not share PoroTomo, Kurt Feigl...... 11 new information with us. Wilcox Lab Naming, John Fournelle...... 11 We’d like to hear from you! Send professional and personal Alexander Newton Winchell, Charles A. Geiger...... 12 updates, feedback, news and photos Inside the Library, Marie Dvorzak...... 13 for Outcrop 2016-17 (will be published fall 2017) to: Honors and Acknowledgements...... 14 The Outcrop c/o Mary Diman Cover: Reading the Rock Record of Earthquakes, Email: [email protected] Laurel Goodwin and Brad Singer...... 16 1215 W. Dayton St., Room 239 Alumni News...... 18 Madison, WI 53706 A Tribute to Lloyd Pray, Robert H. Dott...... 20 In Memoriam...... 21 The Outcrop on the web: Faculty News for 2015-16...... 22 http://geoscience.wisc.edu/geoscience/alumni-friends/ Dana Geary Retires, Charles Byers...... 27 outcrop/ Slip-Sliding Away, Luke Zoet...... 28 Luogufengite, Huifang Xu...... 30 The Outcrop is produced in the Department of Geoscience and Talk About a High-Pressure..., Aaron Cavosie...... 31 supported entirely by alumni gift funds. Emeritus Faculty News for 2014-15...... 32 Published October 2016. Printed on 100% recycled paper. Field Camp Reunion, Phil Brown...... 33 Brief History of the Geology Museum, Dave Clark...... 34 The Geology Museum, Brooke Norsted...... 35 Department of Geoscience Gifts to the Department, 2016...... 36 University of Wisconsin-Madison Speakers in 2015-16...... Inside back cover Lewis G. Weeks Hall for Geological Sciences 1215 West Dayton Street Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1692

Phone: 608-262-8960 Save the Dates for these Alumni Events Fax: 608-262-0693 Please join us: E-mail: [email protected] Geobadger Alumni Receptions at national meetings: www.geoscience.wisc.edu • AAPG in Houston; April 2-5, 2017 • GSA in Seattle, September 22-25, 2017 NEW! We have a quarterly email newsletter. geoscience.wisc.edu/geoscience/newsandevents/e-newsletter Send an email to [email protected] to receive our department’s e-newsletter.

Cover Illustration: Calcite veins in breccia of the Loma Blanca fault zone provide a record of elevated seismicity associated with C degassing. See page 16 for details. Photo credit: Randolph Williams. From the Chair

Dear Alumni and Friends,

As I write these words Phil Brown, Basil Tikoff, and the four Geoscience 202 teaching assistants are preparing to take 85 students for the annual class field trip to the Black Hills of South Dakota. This is no small undertaking: two coach buses with drivers, three nights of camping and somehow cooking for all, and long days learning which way is up in this introductory majors’ course. But we all know there’s no substitute for getting out in the field, year and I hope you will enjoy reading about some of the highlights and this class has become a hallmark of our immersive approach in these pages. I particularly enjoyed my visit with Mary Marks to geoscience education. Field experiences like that are expensive. Wilcox (Class of 1942 Geology alumna) recently at her home in Fortunately, thanks to the generosity of alumni who remember Denver. She recounted wonderful stories about what it was like similar experiences from their own student days, we can do this being one of the only female geology students at that time, and with the Student Field Experience Fund. about her adventures with Ray Wilcox and their young family at Paricutin volcano in Mexico in the mid 1940s. Mary has recently In Weeks Hall, new labs are up and running, including Shaun made a very generous donation to the SEM lab in Ray’s name, and Marcott’s cosmogenic nuclide chemistry lab and Luke Zoet’s we are deeply grateful for their support. walk-in freezer stocked with ice experiments. Argon-dating lab renovations and updating of the newly named Wilcox SEM Lab are In fact, we are so appreciative of the support we (really our underway as well. We have conferred a bumper crop of degrees students) receive from of every one of our many donors and this year, with 15 Master’s degrees and 9 newly minted Ph.D. supporters. This year, I’d like to highlight a few specific funds geo-doctors (see pg. 8). Graduate students have been recognized as especially timely, if you’d like to help but aren’t sure which of with numerous competitive awards, fellowships, and grants, while the many boxes to check at the back of this issue. First of all, we undergraduates have been honored by UW for their research have the newly established Robert and Nancy Dott Geoscience proposals, projects, and service; read about all of these in these Fund, started by the Dotts as a family fund; contributions are very pages. much welcome from those to whom Bob and Nancy have been mentors, inspiration and friends over the years. Second, in this Our faculty are national and global leaders in their fields. I want to 50th anniversary year of the Wasatch-Uinta Field Camp, assistance congratulate Alan Carroll for winning the Israel C. Russell Award for students to offset the costs of summer field would be a way to from GSA Limnology Division, Mike Cardiff for the Kohout Award directly help those in the same shoes you were likely once in not from GSA Hydrogeology Division, Steve Meyers for the James so long ago! Finally, the Geoscience Fund is our most flexible one, Lee Wilson Award from SEPM, and Basil Tikoff for a Teaching and we can use it to help students and researchers in myriad ways. Award at UW. And finally, we are all particularly proud of Jean Bahr, past President of GSA and now the 2016-17 President of AGI I want to close in remembering Lloyd Pray, who passed away this (the American Geosciences Institute), the leading professional year. A memorial is on page 20. I know that Lloyd was a great organization in our field in the country. scientist and teacher, and I know that many of you have memories of all sorts of field and lab shenanigans with him. He was part of the I had a chance to say hello to many GeoBadger alumni in Houston fabric of geology at Wisconsin and will be missed. and Denver this year and fill you in on what we’re up to in Madison, where (thankfully!) reports of the demise of higher Enjoy this year’s edition of the Outcrop and Go GeoBadgers! education at UW-Madison are greatly exaggerated. Budget cuts have forced belt-tightening, and anti-university politics have become a worrisome trend, yet we had another very productive Harold Tobin

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 1 The Board of Visitors meeting in Weeks Hall, April 15, 2016: L to R, Tom Doe, Jamie Robertson, Rick Sarg, Christine Griffith, Bob Nauta (back), Jim Davis, Carol McCartney (back), Bill Morgan (back), Martin Shields, Kirt Campion, Liz Clechenko, Doug Connell (back), Tina Nielsen, Harold Tobin (back, department chair), and Steve Johannsen. Photo, Mary Diman.

The Board of Visitors ment, industry, and as consultants, dealing with the for graduate student support. Another worth-while Christine Griffith, Board Chair (2016-2017) environment, construction, petroleum, and mining. option is to contribute to the Geoscience General It is an honor for me to represent the Board of Our sister Board for Geological Engineering (GLE) Fund, which provides the Department the flexibility Visitors for the Department of Geoscience, and by has members with similar diverse career paths. We to respond to pressing needs, such as laboratory extension, all of the alumni of the Department of meet regularly with Department’s faculty, staff and modernization. Our Development Director at the Geoscience. I’ve been a member of the Board for two students in Madison. We serve a four-year term and U.W. Foundation, Troy Oleck (troy.oleck@sup- years and am now the chairman. I am a petroleum welcome nominations or expression of interest about portuw.org) is available if you want to discuss dona- geologist, recently retired from Shell Oil. I graduated being part of BOV. tion options in more detail. with an MS in 1978. Alumni support is more important than ever, due Thank you for your generosity, especially for This has been a great year for the Department. to reduced funding from the state, and challenges graduate student support and for student field The 2016 Wasatch-Uinta summer Field Camp in Park in funding research and teaching. Your generosity and field camp experiences. Your support makes a City, Utah was very successful, with 65 students in at- is instrumental in providing support for graduate difference! tendance, 28 from the University of Wisconsin, which research, teaching assistantships, and in keeping field We on the BOV represent you, so we welcome is more than twice the number of previous years. camp and field trips affordable. Alumni support al- your ideas about how we can further the mission of After the field camp, Park City hosted a reunion to lows the Department and students to do much more Department. honor the 50th year anniversary of the field camp. 30 than they could without it. alumni and their families enjoyed the scenery, com- For example, your contributions this past year to Members of the Board of Visitors radery, and excursions. Phil Brown deserves great the Student Field Experience Fund helped support Timothy Berge ([email protected]) credit for the success of the field camp and reunion. 18 undergraduates in their 2016 Spring Break trip Donald Cameron ([email protected]) We would like to congratulate several alumni who with Shanan Peters to the southern Appalachians and Kirt Campion ([email protected]) have achieved honors this past year: Marcia Bjorner- will be used to support 17 students on Brad Singer’s Elizabeth Clechenko ([email protected]) Tom Doe ([email protected]) ud (MS, 1985, PhD, 1987), professor at Lawrence trip to Chile in January 2017. Steve Driese ([email protected]) University in Appleton, WI, who became a Fellow of Alumni have provided some large, and much Evan Franseen ([email protected]) the Wisconsin Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters; appreciated, gifts this year to support graduate Christine Griffith ([email protected]) John Eiler (PhD 1994) professor at California Institute research. Jamie Robertson (PhD, 1975) established Steve Johannsen ([email protected]) of Technology, who was elected to the National the James D. and Stella M. Robertson Graduate Claudia Mora ([email protected]) Academy of Sciences; and the 2016 Department Fellowship as a 12-month research assistantship Tina Nielsen ([email protected]) Jeff Pietras ([email protected]) Distinguished Alumni mentioned on pages 4-5 of the in Geoscience. Mark Solien (BS 1970; MS 1976; Martin Shields ([email protected]) Outcrop. Other alumni Board members are playing Distinguished Alumnus 2014) converted an existing Sally Zinke ([email protected]) important roles in the geological societies this year: graduate research support fund into a full-fledged Doug Connell ([email protected]) Claudia Mora (PhD, 1988), president of the Geologi- endowment, the Mark and Carol Ann Solien Gradu- cal Society of America, and Rick Sarg (PhD, 1976), ate Research Assistantship. Rick Sarg (PhD, 1976) Charles Andrews ([email protected]) Timothy Carr ([email protected]) president of the SEPM Foundation. and Ann Sarg donated to the Lloyd C. Pray and J. Kenneth Ciriacks ([email protected]) Who are the Board of Visitors? We are a diverse Campbell Craddock funds. These gifts take advantage James Davis ([email protected]) group, who share the conviction that our educa- of the Nicholas Family Fund which matches 1:1 David Divine ([email protected]) tion at UW was instrumental to the success we household donations of $50,000 or more, made over Mark Emerson ([email protected]) have had in our careers, and who want give back to five years. This opportunity is still available, if you are Maitri Erwin ([email protected]) the Department. We want help the Department to able to give at this level. Carl Fricke ([email protected]) Thomas Holley ([email protected]) maintain their ranking as preeminent researchers and Mary Wilcox and Family and friends recently Thomas Johnson ([email protected]) educators, and to provide current students with the donated funds to honor Ray Wilcox (BS 1933, MS, John Mack experiences that will allow them to succeed in their 36, PhD, 1941) to upgrade the Scanning Electron Carol McCartney ([email protected]) careers. The Department of Geoscience Board of Microscope laboratory, which will now be named the William Morgan ([email protected]) Visitors is one of many Departmental alumni groups Ray and Mary Wilcox SEM Lab. Jean Morrison ([email protected]) Robert Nauta ([email protected]) at the University of Wisconsin, but we are credited I encourage you to contribute to the Department, Marjory Rinaldo-Lee ([email protected]) with being one of the most involved and generous of and to utilize your company’s matching fund, if that James Robertson ([email protected]) these groups. is an option. See the last page of the Outcrop for the Rick Sarg ([email protected]) We have followed the diverse career paths as- various funds. The department’s priority this year is Mark Solien ([email protected]) sociated with geosciences: in universities, govern- the Field Camp Scholarship Fund and the Nania Fund Pete (Philip) Stark ([email protected]) David Stephenson ([email protected])

2 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Gifts to the department in 2015: Thank you

Ingeborg F. Aalto Elizabeth R. Clechenko John W. Harbaugh Sheryl L. Lesar Daniel J. Saracino Kenneth R. Aalto Robert M. Cluff Eric Haroldson Kyle T. Lewallen Ann E. Sarg Cole D. Abel Suzanne G. Cluff David J. Hart Sherry S. Lewallen Sarg Global Strat LLC Lawrence J Acomb Doria Cobb Kristin Hart Kathleen A. Lipp J. Frederick Sarg Richard L. Adams John L. Cobb Laurie E. Hartline-Babb Michael S. Lipp Michael L. Sargent Paul N. Agarwal Rebecca J. Cole Patricia M. Hartshorne Dylan P. Loss Richard a. Schmidt Cynthia T. Alexanian Douglas E. Connell Thomas A. Hauge Eric M. Luttrell Madeline Schreiber Daniel A. Alexanian ConocoPhillips John B. Hayes Janet N. Luttrell Mary Schumann Martin Alvarado Andrew D. Cosner Darrell J. Henry R. Heather Macdonald Schwab Charitable AMETEK Inc Cheryl D. Cosner Samuel W. Herbst Carol Mankiewicz Frederic L. Schwab Dorothy B. Anderson Theodore F. Cota Paul E. Herr Marathon Oil Corporation Alyssa A. Sellwood J. Lawford Anderson Dorothy D. Craddock Edward L. Hershberg Elizabeth McLendon Stephen M. Sellwood Lance C. Anderson James K. Crossfield Brian G. Hess Lori A. Millet Janet E. Sempere Robert J. Anderson Nancy L. Crossfield Elizabeth W. Hickman Robert H. Monahan Jean-Christophe Sempere Charles Andrews Dorothy H. Curry Robert G. Hickman Pamela K. Montz Orville B. Shelburne Eric L. Aserlind William L. Curry Glenn B. Hieshima Patricia D. Moore Rita Shelburne Donna L. Asmus Heather M. Daniels John F. Hilgenberg Claudia I. Mora Shell Exploration & Production Lawrence J. Asmus Dennis A. Darby Julie Lynn Hill William A. Morgan Company Shashank R. Atre William E. Davies David M. Hite Jean Morrison Shell Oil Company Foundation Dean E. Ayres James F. Davis Carl T. Holtan Elizabeth D. Munter Elizabeth Sherwood Diana R. Ayres Sally Ann Davis Laura E. Hubbard James A. Munter Kirk W. Sherwood Robert F. Babb Caroline W. Dawson Shane A. Hubbard Edgardo L. Nebrija Arlyn C. Shields Wyatt M. Bain James C. Dawson Terrance J. Huettl Ross H. Nehm Martin L. Shields Michael F. Barber David A. De Vries Steven T. Iltis Network For Good Maureen Slaughter Liz Barclay Don W. Deere Christopher J. Jimieson Michael P. Niebauer Richard W. Slaughter Michael A. Barclay Daniel C. Douglass Martha Johannsen Tina Nielsen Christy H. L. Smith Barr Engineering Company Marylaine H. Driese Steve D. Johannsen Alan R. Niem Kathleen A. Smith Richard L. Beauheim Steven G. Driese John and Patricia Hayes Trust Wendy A. Niem Donald E. Soholt John E. Beitzel Jean C. Durch Thomas M. Johnson Nyal J. Niemuth Carol Ann Solien Catherine E. Bennett Theresa A. Einhorn William J. Johnson Gordon L. Nord Mark A. Solien Hugh F. Bennett Craig E. Eisen David G. Jones Jonathan E. Nyquist Scott D. Stanford Timothy Berge Janet M. Elliott Sallie B. Jones Teresa M. O'Neill Philip H. Stark Victoria C. Berge Robert P. Elliott Peter S. Joslin Occidental Petroleum Charitable George J. Stathis Robert Oliver Beringer Dolores G. Ellis-Reise James A. Joy Foundation Charles J. Strinz Joann Berkson Ellen Emerson William R. Kaiser Dan E. Olson Albert Yen Sun Jonathan M. Berkson Mark E. Emerson Kirk L. Kapfhammer Ida Orengo Michael L. Sweet Barbara J. Bickford Diana C. Enerio Cory C. Katzban Silvia D. Orengo-Nania Charles H. Sword Michael J. Bittner James R. Erickson Robert F. Kaufmann Mary Ann Ortmayer Daniel L. Szymanski Ronald C. Blakey ExxonMobil Foundation Jerome J. Kendall Pangean Resources LLC Sandra G. Szymanski Robert H. Blodgett Stanley C. Fagerlin Sally W. Kendrick Carol L. Paull David E. Tabet Geoffrey C. Bohling Kurt L. Feigl Dennis R. Kerr Donald E. Paull Nora A. Tank Mary E. Boudreau Fidelity Charitable Gift Fund Donna C. Ketner Lynn E. Paull Ronald W. Tank Joanne Bourgeois Christopher H. Fitchen Keith B. Ketner Rachel K. Paull Emmanuelle N. Templin Dewitt F. Bowman Amber A. Frank Greg G. Kimball Elizabeth M. Percak-Dennett Ray Thomasson Arleen Boyd Evan Franseen Donald H. Klug Daniel T. Peterson Angela Thompson Robin F. Boyd Freeport-McMoRan Inc Suzanne Klug Shaili M. Pfeiffer Jeffrey C. Thompson BP America Inc Henry C. Fuller Harry L. Knipp William W. Pidcoe Scott E. Thornton BP Amoco Foundation JoAnn Gage Dianna E. Kocurek Valerie J. Poris Clifford H. Thurber BP Corporation N. America Inc Christopher A. Gellasch Gary A. Kocurek Michael L. Porter Laura E. Toran Scott Brandt Kay A. Germiat Robert P. Koehler Sarah M. Principato Paul J. Umhoefer Michael R. Brauner Steven J. Germiat Frank D. Komatar Elin Quigley Vanguard Charitable Endowment Deena G. Braunstein Roger L. Gilbertson Edith H. Konopka Kenneth J. Quinn Program Jim M. Brown Linda C. Gillespie John M. Konopka Mary A. Quinn Kathleen M. Verhage Jean W. Brown-Abel Robert H. Gillespie John H. Kopmeier James G. Rankl Maurice A. Warner Wilfred B. Bryan Barbara E. Goffman Roger G. Kussow Claudia Rao Warren W. Wegner Cathy Burnweit Jackson E. Goffman Mary A. Laczniak Vasu Rao Wells Fargo & Company Jean M. Campion Daniel I. Goldman Randell J. Laczniak William R. Reise James L. Welsh Kirt M. Campion Walter V. Green Penelope J. Lancaster Kathryn L. Rice Tracey Whitesell Kenneth J. Carah Christine M. Griffith Carol M. Larson Marjory B. Rinaldo-Lee Heather M. Whitman-Herbst Nancy A. Carlson Douglas B. Groh John A. Larson Kyle A. Roberts J. Michael Widmier Karoun Charkoudian Lynn Macdonald Groh Thomas C. Larson James D. Robertson Darlene L. Willis Amy I. Cheng Robert J. Groth Arra J. Lasse Stella M. Robertson Keith E. Winfree Danny KA-Tat Cheng Linda Guggenheim Thomas V. Lasse Dennis L. Roder Maryjane Wiseman Fiona Cheng Stephen J. Guggenheim Suzanne L. Laudon Gary D. Rosenberg John L. Wray Lauren M. Chetel Gerald O. Gunderson Thomas S. Laudon Mary P. Ross Judith E. Wray Chevron Corporation Halliburton Foundation Inc John Lawson Christine Rossen Huifang Xu Chevron Humankind Stanley K. Hamilton Patrick J. Lehmann Ashley K. Russell Nancy N. Yeend Kenneth W. Ciriacks Ed Hanel David Leith Rickie L. Ryan Charles T. Young Linda Ciriacks Judith M. Harackiewicz Samantha E. Leone Cara M. Santelli Lois S. Young David L. Clark Harbaugh Family Trust David J. Lesar Anne Saracino Donald A. Yurewicz

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 3 Distinguished Alumni Awards for 2016

Charles B. Andrews, Distinguished Alumnus For innovative and creative solutions to groundwater problems

reservation. Next followed four years with has served on numerous advisory panels Woodward Clyde Consultants (CA) where including for the U.S. National Academies, he launched his career as a water-resources and the U.S. DOE, and as an associate consultant. As Head of the Groundwater editor for the international journal Ground Section at Woodward Clyde, he oversaw the Water. His expertise includes simulation of development of groundwater flow models in groundwater flow and contaminant fate/ the Western US and the analysis of reservoir- transport; evaluation of water resources/ induced seismicity at the Aswan Dam. In 1984, water rights; contaminated site investigations/ he joined the consulting firm S.S. Papadopulos groundwater remediation; and providing and Associates, Inc. (SSPA, MD) where he expert testimony/peer review. He has served as President from 1994 until his partial published the results of some of his work as CHARLES (CHARLIE) B. ANDREWS retirement in 2012. He remains a Principal book chapters, and articles in peer-reviewed completed the PhD in 1978 with Mary with SSPA and continues active involvement journals and proceedings volumes. He is a Anderson after receiving the MS in Geology in projects including in Wisconsin where he registered geologist in six states and a Fellow (1976) under David Stephenson, and is working with farmers and dairy operators of the Geological Society of America (GSA). the MS in Water Resources Management to minimize the potential for nitrogen He is currently a Trustee and the Treasurer of (1974). After leaving UW-Madison, he contamination of groundwater. the GSA Foundation. He served on the Board spent two years working with the Northern Charlie is nationally known for thinking of Visitors of our department from 2004 to Cheyenne Indian Tribe (MT) to help set up “outside of the box” and for his creative 2012 and remains on the Board as a Senior a hydrologic monitoring program on the solutions to groundwater problems. He Advisor. —Mary P. Anderson, Citationist

Joanne (Jody) Bourgeois, Distinguished Alumna For outstanding scholarship in sedimentary geology, especially for her pioneering work in tsunami sedimentation, in the history of geology, and for her excellence in teaching and mentoring students

skills. In 1976 she chose Wisconsin for a PhD of Washington at Seattle (“that other UW”), program based upon the reputation of our where she has had a distinguished scholarly thriving sedimentary geology program and career as she realized her youthful goals of my interest in the history of geology. Jody was teaching, mentoring and conducting research very active in departmental social activities, in both sedimentary geology and the history of for example in helping to organize the geology. Jody has been active in professional Geosingclines. Her doctoral dissertation was service in the Society for Sedimentology and on a Late Cretaceous sequence on the Oregon Geological Society of America, including as a coast, a part of which she demonstrated was Councilor and an officer in the History and dominated by hummocky stratified wave Philosophy of Geology Division, and in the deposits. From that grew her pioneering Association for Women Scientists. Recently, research on storm and tsunami deposits. In a she was recognized with the Laurence L. landmark 1988 paper, she and her co-authors Sloss Award from the Sedimentary Geology JOANNE (JODY) BOURGEOIS interpreted as of tsunami origin an anomalous Division of GSA. She also spent two years as (PhD 1980) graduated cum laude from coarse layer at the K-T boundary on the the National Science Foundation’s Program Barnard College of Columbia University, Texas coastal plain. This provided a kind of Officer for Geology and Paleontology. Her where she learned sedimentology from John “smoking gun” for the Chicxulub impact site, Wisconsin graduate school alma mater feels Sanders. After graduating she spent two which was identified shortly after, just across honored by her stellar accomplishments and further years at Columbia as co-editor of the Gulf of Mexico. She has since researched so takes pride in naming Joanne Bourgeois a the Encyclopedia of Sedimentology, which tsunami deposits from the Pacific Northwest Distinguished Alumna of the Department of helped hone her excellent writing and editing to the Russian Far East and South America. In Geoscience. 1980 Jody joined the faculty of the University —Robert H. Dott, Jr., Citationist 4 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison O.B. Shelburne, Distinguished Alumnus For outstanding contributions to sedimentary and petroleum geology

in the Ouachita Mountains of Oklahoma. until retiring in 1992 at age 60. OB is soft- OB was hired by Magnolia Petroleum as spoken and not one to seek a spotlight for an exploration geologist in Oklahoma City his achievements. Instead he let his solid in 1959, when oil sold for three dollars a geological and managerial skills speak for barrel. Despite tough times in the oil patch, themselves. He helped navigate Mobil E&P OB’s work ethic, dedication to excellence, through the oil price collapse during the early and his focus on key objectives rapidly paid 80’s, successfully introduced E&P workstation off. After Mobil Oil absorbed Magnolia, OB technologies, and created attractive career moved to the staff of Mobil’s Western Division paths for hundreds of Mobil geoscientists. Geologist in 1964 and served on Mobil’s Basin Along the way, OB received a Distinguished Analysis Teams from 1968 until 1972, when Alumni Award from his undergraduate he moved to Denver as Chief Geologist for institution, Baylor University. Recognizing Mobil Alaska. A year later he moved again the importance of research assistantships to New Orleans as Chief Geologist, then for his own graduate work at U.W., in Exploration Manager, for Mobil’s critical 2006 OB and his wife Rita established the O.B. SHELBURNE Orville B. “OB” Shelburne Jr. offshore Gulf of Mexico business. Through Shelburne Research Assistantship Fund in the (M.S. 1956, Ph.D. 1959) parlayed his love his combination of geological and business Department of Geoscience. The department of the stratigraphy and paleontology of skills he continued to rapidly advance at and Board are proud to recognize OB sedimentary rocks into an outstanding Mobil, and by 1987 was named General Shelburne’s outstanding career as a petroleum career as a petroleum geologist with Mobil Manager for Mobil’s Worldwide Exploration geologist and greatly appreciate his continuing Oil. Under the direction of Professor Lewis and Production Services Inc. in Dallas, the Cline, OB honed his field geology skills support for the Department of Geoscience. top geoscience position within Mobil Oil. through a Master’s project on central Texas — Philip H. (Pete) Stark, Citationist OB led the Worldwide E&P Services Center stratigraphy and his doctoral dissertation

Both award winners at the Spring Banquet: Honored as Members of the Nania family presented the Jay C. Nania Graduate a Distinguished Alumnus, OB Shelburne, left, with Ben Student Award to Jack Hoehn at the Spring Banquet. L to R: Jeff Nania, Linzmeier, who was awarded the Orville B. Shelburne Julia Nania, Jack Hoehn, and Silvia Orengo-Nania. Photo, Neal Lord. Research Assistantship. Photo, Neal Lord. http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 5 Presented at the Spring Banquet: Student Awards and Scholarships for 2016 —Awards to Undergraduate Students— James J. & Dorothy T. Hanks Award in Zhizhang Shen Wasatch-Uinta Field Camp Scholarships Geophysics: Shen, Z., Brown, P. E., Szlufarska, I., and Huifang Funding, Wasatch-Uinta Field Camp, Winchell Lauren S. Abrahams Xu, H. (2015) Investigation of the role of Scholarship Funds: Florian Braun, Nicole Clark, —Awards to Graduate Students— polysaccharide in the dolomite growth at low temperature by using atomistic simulations. Cameron Evans, Thomas Fredrick, Lisa Haas, Stanley A. Tyler Excellence in Teaching: Ian Kelsey, Victoria Khoo, Connor Lauzon, Langmuir, 31, 10435-10442. (published on line: Breana M. Hashman, Stephanie A. Napieralski DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02025). Zach Lauridsen, Erin Niemisto, John Nowicki, Thomas E. Berg Excellence in Teaching: Zach Olson, Eric Ottmann, Ravindra Pathare, Randolph T. Williams Benjamin C. Heinle, Benjamin J. Linzmeier, Luke Reuteman, Susan Richmond, Patrick Roche, Williams, R.T., Goodwin, L.B., Mozley, P.S., Beard, Sharon K. McMullen, Elisabeth A. Schlaudt Morgan Sanger, Gabby Sasseville, James Schmidt, B.L., Johnson, C.M. 2015. Tectonic controls on fault Luke Schranz, Erik Shepard, Jacqueline Solie, Schiesser Outstanding Student Research zone flow pathways in the Rio Grande rift, New Jacob Stricklin, Daniel Thompson, Richard Udell, Paper Awards–First Author: Mexico, USA. Geology, v. 43 n. 8, p. 723-726. Ben Witman, Yihao Zheng Andria P. Ellis James J. and Dorothy T. Hanks Award in Ellis, A.P., DeMets, C., Briole, P., Molina, E., Flores, Outstanding Sophomore Award: Geophysics: O., Rivera, J., ... & Lord, N. (2015). Geodetic slip Tamara N. Jeppson Connor J. Acker solutions for the Mw= 7.4 Champerico (Guate- S.W. Bailey Scholarship: Carl and Val Dutton Scholarship: mala) earthquake of 2012 November 7 and its Shiyun Jin Emily B. Blum postseismic deformation. Geophysical Journal Paull Family Undergraduate Scholarships: International, 201(2), 856-868. Mark & Carol Ann Solien Research Assistantships: Brianna M. Griffin, Hannah L. Podzorski, Tamara N. Jeppson Erik W. Shepard Jeppson, T., and Tobin, H., 2015, San Andreas Erik L. Haroldson, Susanna I. Webb Lowell R. Laudon Outstanding Junior Fault Zone velocity structure at SAFOD at S.W. Bailey Distinguished Graduate Student Scholarships: core, log, and seismic scales, Journal of Geo- Fellowship: Elizabeth R. Penn, Lauren J. Silverstein, physical Research–Solid Earth, 120, 4983–4997, Nathan L. Andersen Erin M. Zimmerman doi:10.1002/2015JB012043.. George J. Verville Award in Geology & Mack C. Lake Distinguished Undergraduate Hélène Le Mével Geophysics: Student Award: Le Mével, H., K.L. Feigl, L. Córdova, C. DeMets, M'Bark Baddouh Patrick J. Heiman and P. Lundgren (2015), Evolution of unrest at La- Jay C. Nania Graduate Student Award: Mack C. Lake Outstanding Senior guna del Maule volcanic field (Chile) from InSAR Jack R. Hoehn Scholarships: Samuel C. Acker, and GPS measurements, 2003 to 2014, Geophysi- Orville B. Shelburne Research Assistantship: Kalle J. Kutschera, Susan M. Richmond cal Research Letters, 42, 6590-6598. http://dx.doi. Benjamin J. Linzmeier org/10.1002/2015GL064665 Laurence Dexter Environmental Charles Van Hise Distinguished Graduate Scholarship: Thiruchelvi Reddy Fellowship in Geology: Reddy, T.R., Frierdich, A.J., Beard, B.L., & Gregory J. Horstmeier Nathaniel W. Fortney Johnson, C.M. (2015). The effect of pH on stable Eugene Cameron Scholarship: iron isotope exchange and fractionation between S.W. Bailey Distinguished Graduate Luke S. Schranz aqueous Fe (II) and goethite. Chemical Geology, Student: 397, 118-127. Tamara N. Jeppson

The undergrad award winners at the Spring Awards Banquet in the Varsity Hall, Union South. L to R: Connor Acker, Brianna Griffin, Erik Shepard, Elizabeth Penn (back), Hannah Podzorski, Patrick Heiman (back), Gregory Horstmeier, Susan Richmond, Sam Acker, Lauren Silverstein, Kalle Kutschers, Lauren Abrahams, and Luke Schranz. Photo, Neal Lord. 6 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Spring Break 2016 Students in the Field Blue Ridge Blues

Shanan E. Peters Connor Friese, Beau Many alums know the Howes, Erika Ito, routine: Spring Break rolls Victoria Khoo, Zachary around and a number Lauridsen, Connor of undergrads head out Lauzon, Derek Li, Cailee into the field to see some Luther, Zachary Olson, geology that they’ve read Parwat Regmi, Ryan and heard about during the Resch, Luke Schranz, semester. This year was no Lauren Silverstein, exception. The trip started Daniel Thompson early Saturday morning rolled with the detours with three department splendidly. We still saw vehicles, loaded with the Brevard Fault Zone, people and guidebooks, the Grandfather Mountain and our trusty trailer in Window, and a wide range tow. Our first destination, of Blue Ridge basement Cedars of Lebanon State rocks, from eclogites to Park, on the east side of biotite gneisses. A non-rock related highlight was a stop the Knoxville, Tennessee The undergraduate crew straddles the Brevard Fault zone. dome. After arriving safely in Korbin, KY to catch the men’s basketball and enjoying our first night and secluded National Forest campground in team’s Elite 8 appearance. It was an enjoyable in the field, the group saw Ordovician northern Georgia. That was the last regularly evening full of local color, which was sequence stratigraphy along a fantastic scheduled aspect of the trip! Turning north capped by yet another gated National Forest roadcut, complete with the Diecke ash bed, from Georgia along the Blue Ridge presented campground! Call it a growing experience and then headed into the Appalachian Basin us with closures of key stretches of the Blue in every way, all made possible by the proper, with a Chattanooga Shale and Fort Ridge Parkway, closures of National Forest generosity of you, our alumni and the Payne Chert exposure or two before hitting campgrounds (despite indications on websites Student Field Experiences Fund. l the Pennsylvanian fluvial deltaic sediments that they were open!), and an ill- in the structure toe of the Appalachians. Our advised “shortcut” that required final destination on day two was the Ocoee backing the trailer a long way River gorge, with well-exposed Precambrian down a one-track mountain sediments and a National Forest campground trail. But, the group, Daniella tucked along the river. From there we Assing, Jonah Bastin, Justin headed into the piedmont and a beautiful C. Brown, Partick Callahan,

Puzzling over the Grandfather Mountain Formation. A wayside near Highlands, NC. Photos, Shanan Peters.

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 7 Degrees Awarded— December 2015-August 2016 Undergraduate Degrees in Geoscience (GLE=double major) December 2015 August 2016 Reinisch, Elena C., Feigl, Graph theory for ana- Bolger, Katie R. (GLE) Cheng, David K. (GLE) lyzing pair-wise data: Application to interfero- Cary, Austin F. Friese, Connor D. metric synthetic aperture radar data Chambers, Daniel D. (GLE) Lauzon, Connor S. (GLE) Tofte, Marshal S., Carroll, Spatiotemporal Cull, Whitney M. (GLE) Olson, Zachary C. (GLE) quantification of organic matter accumulation Fredrickson, Paul R. (GLE) Shepard, Erik W. (GLE) in the Green River Formation of the Bridger Han, Muyuan (GLE) Solie, Jacqueline P. (GLE) Kutz, Aaron M. Basin, SW Wyoming Master's Degrees–December 2015 Ludeman, Trace T Watkins, W. David, Thurber, Local earthquake Maas, Hannah M. (GLE) Cammack, Jacob N., Valley, SIMS Microanalysis tomography of the Jalisco, Mexico region McGinley, Brian M. (GLE) of the Strelley Pool Formation Cherts and the Zhao, Hangjian, Bahr, Evaluating seepage lake Raczynski, Jasiu A. (GLE) Implications for the Secular-Temporal Oxygen- drought resilience using stable isotopes of water Stark, Benjamin M. (GLE) isotope Trend of Cherts and groundwater-flow models Starry, Alli M. Guo, Bin, Thurber, Three dimensional P- and Ph.D. Degrees–May 2016 Torres, Manuel J. S-wave velocity structure along the central Alpine Baddouh, M’Bark, Carroll, Application of Stron- May 2016 fault, South Island, New Zealand tium Isotopes in paleoclimatology, paleohydrol- Alvarado, Martin J. Lee, Seungyeol, Xu, Study on nano-phase Alzayer, Rawan N. ogy and chemostratigraphy: The Eocene Green minerals and their associated trace elements in Assing, Daniella A. River Formation, Wyoming Barkhahn, Kimberly N. freshwater ferromanganese nodules from Green Michels, Zachary, Tikoff, Inferring Microtecton- Black, Kori L. (GLE) Bay, Lake Michigan ic Vorticity Axes from Crystallographic Orienta- Brody, Jack R. (GLE) McDougal, David J., Kita and Valley, Intermin- tion Dispersion Brown, Justin C. eral oxygen three-isotope systematics of silicate Ph.D. Degrees–August 2015 Brucker, Zachary S. (GLE) minerals in equilibrated ordinary chondrites Gopon, Phillip N., Fournelle and Valley/Elec- Butzen, Margaret L. (GLE) Master's Degrees–May 2016 tron Probe, Sub-micron Analysis in Geoscience: Cavanaugh, Patrick M. (GLE) Denny, Adam C., Valley, Isotopically Zoned Car- Clark, Nicole D. Problems and potential solutions of low voltage bonate Cements in Early Paleozoic Sandstones of electron analysis, as applied to reduced lunar Crowe, Keaton W. (GLE) 18 13 Fernholz, Sarah E. (GLE) the Illinois Basin: d O and d C Records of Burial phases and pyroxene lamellae Frias, Miguel (GLE) and Fluid Flow Johnson, Michael, Geary, An Integrated Stable George, Connor A. (GLE) Lim, David D., Cardiff, Effects from Nonlinear Isotope Record from the Late Miocene Pan- Griffin, Brianna M. (GLE) Periodic Flow in Phreatic Aquifers nonian Basin System: The Ecology of Horses, Griffith, Miranda L. Sayler, F. Claire, Cardiff, Characterization of the Life Histories of Bivalves, and Mass-balance Havlicek, Kevin A. (GLE) Bedrock Secondary Porosity Using Multi-Frequen- Modeling Heiman, Patrick J. (GLE) cy Oscillatory Flow Interference Testing Lancelle, Chelsea E., Wang, Distributed Houde, Matt R. (GLE) Shanks, Lindsey V., Kelly, On the Recurrence Ito, Erika T. Acoustic Sensing for Imaging Near-Surface Geol- of Enigmatic Nannoplankton Blooms in the Kikkert, Steven V. (GLE) ogy and Monitoring Traffic at Garner Valley, Korinek, Kelley C. (GLE) Subtropical South Atlantic during the Early California LaBrasca, Anthony J. Oligocene LeMével, Hélène, Feigl, Crustal deformation Madras Natarajan, Bharat (GLE) Master's Degrees–August 2016 and magmatic processes at Laguna del Maule Meagher, Garrett A. (GLE) Fang, Yihang, Xu, New insights into sedimentary volcanic field (Chile): Geodetic measurements Miller, Carly M. (GLE) dolomite: correlation between microbial biomass and numerical models Nazari, Salsabila and dolomite formation with structural state of Ma, Chao, Meyers, Centennial to Million-year Newell, Alexander M. (GLE) protodolomite Scale Climate Cycles in the Late Cretaceous Perthel, Kevin R. (GLE) Hashman, Breana M., Johnson, Isotopic Podzorski, Hannah L. (GLE) Western Interior Seaway: Their Implications for signatures of Mesoarchean life and its environ- Regmi, Parwat Geochronology, Paleoceanography, and Celes- Resch, Ryan M. mental change, as recorded in the South African tial Mechanics Reuteman, Luke T. Witwatersrand and Pongola Supergroups of the Williams, Randolph T., Goodwin, Fluid-Fault Steinle, John P. Kaapvaal Craton Interactions in the Rio Grande Rift, Tennessen, Conner P. (GLE) Reddy, Thiruchelvi, Johnson, The potential role NM: Using the Diagenetic Record to Assess the Tuan Ab Rashid, Tuan Syazana of DIR in producing Si isotope variations in the Role of Tectonics in Fluid Flow and Seismicity Wagner, Patrick E. (GLE) Precambrian rock record through experimental Zhou, Yaoquan, Cardiff, Oscillatory Hydrau- Wilson, Samuel J. (GLE) studies and an application to the Archean rock lic Tomography: Numerical Experiments and record using new methods developed for in situ Si Laboratory Studies analysis using femtosecond laser ablation 8 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison foundation engineering, that appeared in Holloway, Andrea Hicks, and Lucas GeoSTRATA published by the American Zoet joined as new GLE program faculty. Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). Graduate Professor Holloway is affiliated with the William GLE J. Likos student Eleanor Bloom presented her Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies Professor and Director of Geological research on sustainable systems for residential and conducts research on links between air Engineering ([email protected]) heating and cooling at a conference in Japan. quality, energy, and climate. Professor Hicks, We also made quite a splash at the ASCE who joined the Department of Civil and Greetings from Geological Engineering (GLE) GeoChicago conference held in Chicago in Environmental Engineering in fall 2015 as an at UW-Madison! This year has been marked by August, where over 16 presentations from assistant professor, specializes in quantifying big changes and accomplishments from our UW-Madison students and faculty were given the environmental impact of products and students and faculty. Notably, we are making (see photo). processes using life cycle assessment tools. changes to our curriculum to add additional The job market for our graduates remains Professor Zoet is a faculty member in the design content, including a new course in very strong, which reflects the strong Department of Geoscience and studies glacial Applied Geological Engineering and have nationwide demand for engineers (and the process through a combination of glaciology added new faculty to the program. shortage of available engineers). Analysis from and glacial geomorphology. Our students continue to make us the Bureau of Labor Statistics indicates that Finally, please note that we are planning a proud. Miles Tryon-Petith, who majors anticipated growth in employment of mining special reunion for our Mining Engineering in geology, geological engineering and and geological engineers remains greater and GLE alumni from September 13-15, 2017. geophysics, was among 60 college students than for other engineering occupations over The reunion will be in the form of conference nationwide selected for a Udall scholarship in the next decade. Our graduates have been with guest presentations from alumni recognition of commitment to issues related receiving multiple offers with very competitive and friends. Please contact Ryan Shedivy to the environment or American Indian salaries. The dual GLE-Geoscience majors ([email protected]) if you are interested communities. GLE students Merve Gizem that our undergraduates obtain are extremely in learning more about the reunion and stop Bozkurt, Jiannan Chen, Hulya Salihoglu, popular with employers. Indeed, this is a good by for a visit if you are in Madison. As always, and Kuo Tian wrote an outstanding article time to be graduating from GLE! feel free to reach out to me at [email protected] about Harry Poulos, a leading authority in In faculty news, Professors Tracey or (608) 890-2662. l

Geological Engineering faculty, students, and alumni gathered in downtown Chicago for a reception at the ASCE GeoChicago conference.

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 9 Ron Blakey and the Ancient World The Archivist's Corner Robert H. Dott, Jr. and Ron Blakey

I entered the UW as a freshman in the fall of Alumnus Ron Blakey 1963. Courses from Lowell Laudon (Intro) (BS 1967) is an and Bob Dott (Historical) convinced me unusual geological entrepreneur. that geology and not chemistry was my true During his long calling. Bob Dott made fantastic chalkboard teaching career, Ron developed a drawings of paleogeographic settings that series of detailed, first got me thinking about what the Earth artistically used to look like. Advanced courses from realistic colored paleogeographic Professors Dott and Cline in Madison, and maps, which Richard Paull at the UW-Milwaukee in have become the gold standard for my junior year added more background paleogeography. for my passion for Earth history. My MS These maps are widely used in at Utah (1970) with Professors Stokes, textbooks, journal Eardley, and Robison continued to enrich articles and oral presentations. His my knowledge of Earth history and my PhD account of the in 1973 from Iowa under guidance from development of Professors Furnish and Heckel continued the the maps, with roots of the idea in process. My PhD dissertation on the Triassic our Department, is Moenkopi Formation of Utah contained inspiring and should make us all proud of my first paleogeographic maps—detailed our fellow Badger. pen and ink sketches of Utah’s Triassic (Bob Dott) landscapes. After a brief stint at Fort Hays State College in Kansas, I arrived at Northern

Arizona University in Flagstaff (1975) Image, Ron Blakey.. where I taught for almost 35 years. My early mountains, island arcs, etc.) and by manipulating color and other publications continued to be illustrated with properties in Photoshop, I can adjust for climate, local relief, and pen and ink paleogeographic maps. Most other variable conditions. For example, I can clone the humid of these were regional to the Southwest Appalachians and by changing color, contrast, and altering where I did most of my academic field shape, I can “paint” the arid Mesozoic mountains of Southern work. The classic Dott and Batten textbook Asia. At one point, I considered actually making oil paintings of with its North American paleogeographic Ron Blakey ancient landscapes as I have painted with oils on canvas, mostly maps coupled with my growing interest of Western landscapes, for years. However, Photoshop is much less larger-scale Earth history and paleogeography messy! broadened my interest in North American After retiring in 2009, I established a company through which and global geology. I sell my maps to oil companies, museums, publishers, and I learned the basics of Photoshop® in other commercial businesses. I do all of the work of producing the 1990’s and saw the potential for making the maps from initial research to final map myself. It is not colored paleogeographic maps for any size unusual for a single map time-slice to have over 50 hours of region. I learned to clone and manipulate work in research, design, and production. My wife, Dee, runs the digital elevation maps, especially through business. Maps are constantly updated or completely revised—I GeoMapApp, a DEM mapping tool that can be recently spent almost three years revising a new global map combined with NASA’s Blue Marble, and soon series with 47 time-slices from Late Precambrian to Recent. In I found I could create any type of landscape. addition to my current maps of North America, Europe, and By pasting or cloning the GeoMapApp the world, I plan to do maps of Australia, Southeast Asia, and landscape onto the foundations of a possibly other regions. Many of my maps can be viewed on my paleogeographic map (sea, land, shorelines, new web site deeptimemaps.com. l

10 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison PoroTomo Kurt Feigl In March, 2016, the UW-PoroTomo team performed field work at Brady Hot Springs, Nevada. The goal of the PoroTomo project is to assess an integrated technology for characterizing and monitoring changes in the rock mechanical properties of a geothermal reservoir in three dimensions with a spatial resolution better than 50 meters.

UW-Madison geoscientists and engineers are work- ing with industry partners and DOE to integrate sev- eral data-gathering approaches into a highly detailed monitoring system for geothermal wells.To fully realize The PoroTomo team, from left to right: Lesley Parker, Xiangfang Zeng, Kurt Feigl, Chelsea Lancelle, Mike Cardiff, Cliff Thurber, Bill Foxall, Dante Fratta, Neal Lord. the potential of harnessing energy from the heat within Photo, Neal Lord. the earth will require a far more detailed understanding of what’s going on down there than scientists currently have. And beyond naturally occurring geothermal systems, man-made ones that emulate them could, by some conservative estimates, produce a total of 100 gigawatts of cost-competitive electricity over the next 50 years. But to get there, energy providers will need sophisticated systems for gathering and analyzing data about the rock mechan- ics and hydrology at work. The PoroTomo project is funded by a grant from The Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) of the U.S. Department of Energy. l

Left: Mike Cardiff (arrow) “bagging" pressure data from observation wells at Brady Hot Springs, Nevada, during a snow storm as part of the PoroTomo project. The inset shows Mike testing a temporary (duct-taped) arrangement improvised to protect the stainless steel capillary tubing from breaking in the high winds. [Photos Kurt Feigl, 21 and 28 March, 2016].

the USGS until retirement. At Wisconsin, Ray Wilcox Lab Naming worked closely with R.C. Emmons (an icon in John Fournelle optical mineralogy and universal stage). Funds raised will allow the SEM Lab to make Thanks to a generous donation from Mary Wilcox a significant upgrade in improving the EBSD and the Wilcox family, as well as from friends and (electron backscatter diffracation) system colleagues, the Geoscience Department's Scanning which is a relatively new technique, wherein Electron Microscopy (SEM) Lab will be named the the specimen is tilted at 70° to the electron Ray and Mary Wilcox SEM Lab. beam and electrons are diffracted into a Ray Wilcox (1912-2012) received his bachelor's sensitive detector, and the resulting "Kikuchi degree in 1933, master's in 1936 and PhD in 1941. lines" are indicative of the crystal structure and When he was a TA in mineralogy he met Mary Marks, orientation. l who received her bachelor's degree in 1942. Ray ended up in the Signal Corps in World War II in the Aleutians, and by good luck was posted at a base on a Read Mary Wicox's personal account of "Living Next Door to volcanic island. The volcano erupted, and Ray helped Parícutin Volcano" in Mexico in a USGS geologist write up a recommendation for the 1946. Her story was feaured in a Army. After hostilities ended, Ray joined the USGS 1998 Outcrop article about Badgers in the Aleutians, on page 9. and he and Mary (and son) moved near to Paricutin http://www.geology.wisc. Ray and Mary Wicox, with their son, Volcano in Mexico, as the USGS observer. Later he edu/~johnf/Badgers.pdf in Mexico, Christmas 1946, with the worked on Aleutian volcanoes, and continued with Parícutin Volcano in the back. Photo, Mary Wilcox. http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 11 Alexander Newton Winchell and the Modern Mineral Sciences

Charles A. Geiger (UW-MS, 1981), out some of the first detailed mapping and Department of Chemistry and Physics of geologic investigations of the Upper Midwest. Materials, Salzburg University, Into this family and background A.N. A-5020 Salzburg, Austria: Winchell was born in Minneapolis. He majored E-mail: [email protected] in history as an undergraduate at the Univer- sity of Minnesota in 1896. The family tradition Introduction and Background must have been strong, though, because Alexander Newton Winchell (1874-1958) his M.S. (1897) there was in geology. Fol- was professor of geology at the University lowing this, he went abroad to Europe and of Wisconsin from 1908 to 1945. He came worked with the famous mineralogist and from an old and illustrious family traceable petrographer Alfred Lacroix and he obtained back to some of the first colonists of North his D.Sc. from the University of Paris in 1900. America. One branch (Windsor) of the family The thesis title was “Étude minéralogique et emigrated from Great Britain to Massachusetts pétrographique des roches gabbroiques de in 1635. Much later, the well-known geologist L’État de Minnesota.” Alexander Winchell (1824-1891), who was A.N. Professional Career and the Birth of Winchell’s uncle, was born in Duchess Co., Modern Mineralogy New York. A. Winchell moved to the state of Michigan and began a professional academic A.N. Winchell returned to the U.S. as professor career at the University of Michigan in 1854 of Mineralogy and Petrology at the Montana School of Mines working there from 1900 and he became professor of geology and A.N. Winchell paleontology and then the second head of the to 1907. In the latter year he was appointed Michigan Geological Survey in 1859. Newton and Natural History Survey of Minnesota in to the Faculty of Geology at Wisconsin, well Horace Winchell (1839-1914), the father of 1872, a post he held until 1900. He also taught known for its strength in “hard-rock” petrology Alexander Newton, followed his elder brother at the University of Minnesota. They must have with the persons of R.D. Irving, C.R. Van Hise Alexander to Ann Arbor and studied there been pretty heady times in terms of geology, and C.K. Leith, and also for the geologist T.C. obtaining a M.A. in 1867. He was appointed as under their guidance and through their own Chamberlin. A.N. Winchell turned out to be director and state geologist of the Geological research, the two Winchell brothers carried very productive and his geologic interests were extremely broad. He undertook field studies and he published numerous reports and pa- pers in economic geology and igneous and metamorphic petrology. His main interests and expertise, though, were in mineralogy and especially optical mineralogy and in the latter he gained worldwide recognition. His books and tables treated the optical properties of minerals, as published in three different volumes, and they covered four editions spanning 42 years.1 The first edition of “Elements of Optical Mineralogy” (1909) was written together with his father, N. H. Winchell, and the last fourth version in 1951 together with his son Horace Winchell, who was professor of mineralogy at Yale Univer- sity. Thin section and grain-mount examina- tion were important methods for many years in mineralogy, petrology, economic geology The six common silicate garnets - starting at the upper left and going clockwise, uvarovite, grossular, andradite, pyrope, spessartine, and almandine (photo credits in Geiger, 2016) and geochemistry and the compositional - were proposed to belong either to the ugrandite and pyralspite species by N.H. Winchell determination of minerals was mainly done and A.N. Winchell (1927). This classification, which was based on the known solid-solution through study of their optical properties. behavior at the time, is, however, no longer considered strictly valid (Geiger, 2016). Natural A.N. Winchell worked during a remark- silicate and various non-silicate synthetic garnets find important uses and applications as gemstones, for geothermobarometry studies, index minerals in diamond exploration, ion able period when the physical sciences were conductors, magneto-optic materials, and lasers. undergoing revolutionary developments. A

12 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison key breakthrough in solid-state investigations though, even into the first half of the 1920s. career, A.N. Winchell served as Chairman of was given by the discovery of X-ray diffrac- A.N. Winchell, though a classical mineralogist the Department of Geology at Wisconsin from tion by crystals in 1912 by M. von Laue and and petrographer by training, was one of the 1934 to 1940. He was president of The Miner- colleagues in Germany and crystal structure first to recognize the connection between alogical Society of America in 1932 and he was analysis soon after by W.H. Bragg and W.L. atoms, crystal structures and solid-solution presented with its highest achievement award, Bragg in Great Britain. These two discoveries behavior and he published an article in 1925 The Roebling Medal, in 1955. (Kerr, 1956) marked the beginning of modern mineralogy in the journal Science entitled “Atoms and reviews briefly A.N. Winchell’s career and lists or “The Mineral Sciences” today. The scientific Isomorphism” in which he presented his ideas. his various works. Memorials to him were writ- consequences were deeply fundamental. This Winchell began his analysis with the statement, ten by Corbett (1959) and Emmons (1959) and is because a quantitative understanding of the “Atoms were formerly known only by their his role in the Department at Wisconsin can be chemical and physical properties of minerals, weights and chemical properties. …. I shall found in Bailey (1981). try to show that one of the properties of atoms or any crystal for that matter, is only pos- References sible from knowledge of the periodic spatial depends upon their sizes rather than their weights.” Although a seemingly elementary Bailey, S.W. (1981) The History of Geology and arrangement of their constituent atoms (i.e. Geophysics at the University of Wisconsin crystal structure). concept today, which is learned in high-school 1848-1980. Editor, Dept. of Geology and Various scientists, some of great renown, chemistry courses, an understanding of atomic Geophysics. 174 p. had been discussing and debating from the and ionic radii of the elements did not become Corbett, C.S. (1959) Memorial to Alexander fully clear until the mid 1920s. It is the size of Newton Winchell. Proceedings Volume of late 1700s and early 1800s about the internal the Geological Society of America. Annual structure and solid-solution behavior (or ions in silicates that largely determines their Report for 1958. 211-218. isomorphism as it was formerly termed) solid-solution behavior. In 1934, at the ripe Emmons, R.C. (1959) Memorial of Alexander of minerals and other substances (Geiger, old age of 60, A.N. Winchell took a semester Newton Winchell. American Mineralogist. sabbatical to work, in part, with Linus C. Paul- 44, 381-385. 2016). The majority of the important rock- Geiger, C.A. (2016) A tale of two garnets: The forming silicates (e.g., olivine, pyroxene, mica, ing, a later two-time Noble prize winner at The role of solid solution in the development amphibole, feldspar, garnet – see photo) that California Institute of Technology, in order to toward a modern mineralogy. American make up Earth are solid solutions and their learn more about the new scientific field of Mineralogist. 101, 1735-1749. X-ray diffraction. They published together a Kerr, P.F. (1956) Presentation of the Roebling properties have profound effects on large- medal of the Mineralogical Society of scale geophysical and geochemical processes. paper on the crystal structure of swedenbor- America to Alexander Newton Winchell. The precise nature of silicate solid solutions gite, NaBe4SbO7 (Pauling et al. 1935). American Mineralogist. 41, 321-325. at the atomic scale was not understood, Among various positions and duties in his Pauling, L., Klug, H.P., and Winchell, A.N. (1935) The crystal structure of swedenborgite.

1 American Mineralogist. 20, 492-501. “These books appeared in three volumes, - volume 1 being devoted to optical crystallographic theory, Winchell, A.N. (1925) Atoms and isomorphism. volume 2 a very thorough compilation of published data on the optical properties of mineral materials Science, 61, 553-557. including many charts of his own design on mineral properties, and volume 3, a set of exhaustive tables for Winchell, N.H and Winchell, A.N. (1917) The the identification of minerals by their properties. His volumes 2 and 3 are unexcelled in any language in Winchell Genealogy. F.H. Hitchcock, N.Y. their thoroughness and value to the laboratory worker” (Emmons, 1959). 554 p.

Inside the Library Marie Dvorzak

The C. K. Leith Library of Geology and Geophysics has long facilitated patron access to information. More recently, it has become a collaborative learning hub for students and members of the Geoscience Department. At any given time, students are working individually or interactively on projects as diverse as a class presentation or preparing for AAPG’s Imperial Barrel competition. They could also be examining rocks or fossils for lab work, drafting maps or attending a small class held in one of the library’s conference and study rooms. If you are in the building, please stop by and see the myriad ways patrons are using the Geology Library. l

Rocks on Reserve: Students work on a lab assignment for Geoscience 204, Geologic Evolution of the Earth, in the library's Pikul Study Room.

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 13 In the News: Honors and Acknowledgements Alumni Dona Dirlam received the Award for Excel- Claudia Mora is the President of the Geologi- Marcia Bjornerud, alumna and Professor at lence in Special Services from the Women’s cal Society of America for 2016-2017. She Lawrence Jewelry Association in 2016. Dona is the Di- received her PhD at UW in 1988 working Univer- rector of the Liddicoat Gemological Library with John Valley. Claudia is the 8th Badger sity in at the Gemological Institute of America, to lead GSA; she joins the ranks of: T.C. Appleton, Carlsbad, CA. Chamberlain 1894, C.R. Van Hise 1907, WI was Wes Dripps was appointed director of the C.K. Leith 1933, N.M. Fenneman 1935, E. hon- Shi Center for Sustainability at Furman Blackwelder 1940, D.A. Stephenson 1995, ored to University. and J.M. Bahr 2009. become a Bob Dott and Marcia Bjornerud. John Eiler was elected to the National Maureen Muldoon and Susan Swanson Fellow of the Wisconsin Academy of Science, Academy of Sciences in May 2016. He is one were elected Fellows of GSA and were Arts and Letters, April 17, 2016. of 84 new members in all areas of US science honored at the 2015 GSA meeting. to be so recognized for their distinguished Alan Niem, Geology Professor Emeritus, and continuing achievements in original re- Oregon State University and Wendy Niem, search. John is the Robert P. Sharp Professor Research Assistant Emerita OSU, along with of Geology and Geochemistry and Director their co-authors from the Oregon Depart- of the Microanalysis Center at California ment of Geology and Mineral Industries and Institute of Technology. USGS geologists were awarded the E.B. Bur- Chris Gellasch received the Dean’s Impact well, Jr. award for best paper in engineering/ Award for excellence in teach- enviromental geology at the ing at the Uniformed Service 2015 national meeting of GSA in University of the Health Sci- Baltimore. ences in 2016. BOV member Rick Sarg is Lonnie Leithold, Jody Bourgeois, and Marjorie Chan. Bill Mode, Professor at UW President of the SEPM Founda- Oshkosh (UW-MS) is one of tion Board. Jody Bourgeois received the 2015 Laurence three 2016 recipients of the Martha Savage was elected a L. Sloss Award (GSA Sedimentary Division). 24th annual UW Systems's Fellow of the American Geophys- The citationist was Lonnie Leithold accep- Regents Teaching Excellence ical Union for research on seismic tance speech was given by Marjorie Chan. Awards. This is the UW Sys- anisotropy. AGU selects just 0.1% tem’s highest recognition. Bill Mode of membership for Fellows each year. Theresa Secord is one of nine National Heritage Fellows for 2016 awarded by the National Endow- ment for the Arts. https:// www.arts.gov/honors/ heritage/fellows/theresa- secord. Theresa earned a MS in Economic Geology in 1984 with Phil Brown and worked several years as a geologist for the Penobscot tribe in Maine before apprentic- ing in basketry. She has won many national and Current and alumni hydrogeobadgers make a splash at GSA, 2015: Front row Bob Sterrett, Jean Bahr, Bill international awards for Simpkins (holding the George Burke Maxey Distinguished Service Award from the Hydrogeology Division of the GSA), Mike Cardiff (holding the Hydrogeology Division Kohout Early Career Award), Elisabeth Schlaudt, her art. Tara Root. Second row: Richelle Allen King, Kallina Dunkle, Joe Yelderman, Maureen Muldoon, Chris Gellasch, Madeline Gotkowitz, Sue Swanson, Laura Toran. Last row: Tom Burbey, Maddy Schreiber, Chris Lowry (hidden), Ken Bradbury, Margaret Butzen (current GLE undergrad), Yu Feng Lin, and Todd Rayne.

14 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Bill Simpkins received the George Burke new insights in the field of paleolimnology. Students Maxey Distinguished Service Award from Presented at the annual GSA conference in Ben Barnes received the Robert and Carolyn the Hydrogeology Division of the GSA, 2015 Denver. Maby Memorial Grant from the AAPG and the (group photo, lower opposite page). Chuck DeMets was elected to the UNAVCO Alexander and Geraldine Wanek Award from Pete Stark was honored with the Colorado board of directors from a slate of candidates GSA. Ben is advised by Shanan Peters. Oil and Gas As- and began serving a two-year term in 2016. Four UW undergraduates received awards sociation’s coveted UNAVCO is a not-for-profit research orga- at the Chancellor’s Undergraduate Awards Lifetime Achieve- nization funded by NSF with a mission of Ceremony, May 3, 2016: ment Award at a facilitating earth, atmospheric, and cryogen- Alexander Horvath, Materials Science, packed Colorado ic research via Global Positioning System, Hilldale Research Fellowship, advisor Luke Convention Center INSAR, and other geodetic methods. Zoet, “Material Properties of Debris-Laden in August 2015, at A "60 Minutes" CBS News program about Ice"; Elise Penn, Geoscience, GLE, Math, the COGA’s annual research in Greenland, including an Oscar- Sophomore Research Fellowship, advisor Rocky Mountain worthy performance by Professor Shaun Huifang Xu, "X-ray Diffraction Study on Na- Energy Summit. Marcott, plus cameo appearances by grad Ca Ordering in Ca-rich Plagioclase Feldspar at See the full story at students Mel Reusché and Liz Ceperley. high Temperatures"; Luke Schranz, Geosci- Pete Stark http://www.greeley- http://www.cbsnews.com/news/greenland- ence, GLE, Hilldale Research Fellowship, advi- tribune.com/news/ 60-minutes-climate-change/ sors John Valley and Laurel Goodwin, “ business/18093095-113/energy-pipeline-life- Shaun Marcott was honored with the 2015 The Baraboo Breccia Zone: A New Approach time-achievement-pete-stark-a. He is a Senior Hydrogeology Division of GSA Kohout Early to an Old Question"; Miles Tryon-Petith, Advisor on our Board of Visitors and winner of Career Award (photo) Geoscience, GLE, Udall Scholarship. our Distinguished Alumni Award for 2002. Steve Meyers received the 2016 James Lee Seungyeol Lee received a Student Research Chunmiao Zheng has been appointed Dean Grant from the Clay Minerals Society. of the School of Environmental Science and Seungyeol works with Huifang Xu. Engineering at the Southern University of Sci- Ben Linzmeier received a UW Dissertation ence and Technology (SUSTech) in Shenzhen, Completion Fellowship for his research with China. Shanan Peters and John Valley. Faculty Graduate students Josh Olson and Ben The 2nd edition of “Applied Groundwater Heinle received grants from the Minnesota Modeling: Simulation of Flow and Advec- Ground Water Association. tive Transport” by Mary Anderson, Bill Elisabeth Schlaudt received a GSA research Woessner and Randy Hunt was published grant and she was also selected as one of in August 2015 by Elsevier. two UW graduate students to participate in a Jean Bahr is the 2016 President of the workshop on Catalyzing Advocacy in Science American Geosciences Institute, a non-profit and Engineering (CASE), in Washington, DC. federation of 51 geoscientific and professional Steve Meyers Jody Wycech was awarded a Schlanger Ocean associations that represents over 250,000 Wilson Award for Excellence in Sedimentary Drilling Fellowship by the Integrated Ocean earth scientists. Geology by a Young Scientist from SEPM So- Discovery and U.S. Science Support Pro- Jean Bahr received the Wisconsin Section ciety of Sedimentary Geology at the annual grams in support of her research with Clay American Water Resources Associations Dis- meeting in Calgary. Kelly on “Evaluating the Impact of Central American Seaway Closure on Pliocene Walker tinguished Service Award at the 2016 annual Brad Singer was a 2016 Einstein distin- Circulation”. Jody was also interviewed by meeting. guished lecturer selected by the Chinese reporters from the Economist and Earth Mag- Mike Cardiff received the GSA Hydrogeol- Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geology & azine, which resulted in articles highlighting ogy Division Kohout (Early Career Scientist) Geophysics, Beijing. During a two week tour her recently published paper on radiocarbon Award at the GSA Annual Meeting in Balti- in July 2016, Brad gave invited lectures on dating in the journal Geology. more (photo). volcanology and geochronology at Chinese 2016 GSA Research Grant Recipients are: Alan Carroll was selected as the 2016 recipi- Academy of Science Institutes in Beijing, Benjamin Barnes, Hanna Bartram, ent of the Israel C. Russell Award from the Guangzhou, and Wuhan. Charlotte Bate, Alexander Hammond, Limnogeology Division of GSA, based on his Basil Tikoff was awarded the Emil Steiger Maureen Kahn, Nicolas Roberts, and scientific record, mentoring of students, and Teaching Award in March 2016 from the Elisabeth Schlaudt. l University of Wisconsin-Madison.

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 15 READING THE ROCK RECORD OF EARTHQUAKES

Laurel B. Goodwin and Brad S. Singer

Understanding the mechanics of faulting generation veins and, local- and earthquakes is a key goal of a range of ly, injection veins preserved geoscience research. Until recently, research in the damage zone beneath focused on this fundamental problem of both a low-angle normal fault, or scientific and societal interest has been domi- detachment, in the South nated by geophysical and paleoseismologic Mountains, AZ. EAGER approaches. Exploitation of the deeper rock grants provide seed funding record of earthquakes, including exhumed for demonstrably high risk ancient earthquake source regions, has been but potentially transforma- hampered by disagreement about which tive research. Our project structures actually record earthquakes as well addressed the fundamental as limitations in the geochronologic tools question of whether low- available to quantify timing of seismic failure. angle normal faults produce Recent insights and innovations have allowed significant earthquakes, us to overcome these obstacles. In this which the current fault me- progress report, we highlight UW-Madison’s chanics paradigm indicates contributions to understanding the deeper should not occur. Dating Pseudotachylyte generation (g) and injection (i) veins earthquake record through the integration of of veins was completed cut granodiorite mylonite in damage zone of the South structural and geochronologic approaches. in the WiscAr lab. There Mountains detachment fault. (Jack Hoehn) Our report is divided into two parts. The was a real possibility that first part is focused on pseudotachylyte - the spectacular product of frictional melting that constitutes the sole geological structure in the rock record universally agreed to record fault slip at seismic strain rates (Cowan, 1999; Rowe and Griffith, 2015). This research instigated, and has greatly benefited from, an upgrade to the WiscAr geochronology lab in Weeks Hall (http://geochronology.geoscience.wisc.edu/). We therefore share both our results and information on the UV laser that was recently added to the WiscAr facility, which is par- ticularly well suited to study of fine-grained, heterogeneous fault rocks. The second part of our article reports on research into a very different record: calcite veins that record co-seismic fracture opening and post-seismic sealing in a high-angle normal fault in an extensional basin. Both projects have involved teams of researchers, from graduate students to external collaborators, who we formally recognize and appreciate below.

Ages of earthquakes in the damage zone of the South Mountains detachment

In 2012, Goodwin (with Professor Josh Fein- Back-scattered electron images of two pseudotachylyte veins analyzed and berg, Univ. of Minnesota) was awarded an NSF adjacent wall rock show the location, size, and shape of UV laser spots. Spots EAGER grant to evaluate a critical earthquake have been color coded to show age distributions, with older pseudotachylyte ages record: numerous pseudotachylyte fault or recording contamination by survivor clasts. All laser ages collected to date are shown.

16 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison of outcrop cooling. induced fracture opening and sealing events. Concerns about the accu- Veins that form regularly oriented sets exhibit racy of the dates, however, a stable isotope signature of mixing of deep were stoked by a duplicate basinal brines and meteoric fluid (Williams effort using a UV laser in col- et al., 2015). Veins associated with breccias laborator Matt Heizler’s lab, –such as that shown on the cover of The which suggested an injec- Outcrop - are isotopically distinct and include tion vein Dana dated actually a carbon isotope signature of degassing of

records two slip events. Last either CO2 or CH4. year, with PhD student Randy worked with Warren Sharp of the Jack Hoehn on board, we Berkeley Geochronology Center to collect submitted an additional NSF U-Th dates on both veins that are associ- proposal to study a much ated with breccia and veins that are not. The larger number of veins in sampling strategy assumed that the cements greater detail. Motivated by precipitated early in vein history would ap- the potential of the project, proximate the timing of a given earthquake. Singer secured funds to The data show that veins that form sets that purchase a UV laser that are not connected to breccia zones record Sampling for U-Th dating of earthquakes targets calcite would allow us to quantita- remarkably regular earthquakes, occurring precipitated immediately following fracture opening in relay tively evaluate the impact of every ca. 40 ± 7 ka over a >400,000 year zones of the Loma Blanca fault. (Randolph Williams) survivor clasts too small to period. The breccia zones record a cluster pseudotachylyte formation could not be see with a binocular scope. of earthquakes that overlap within analytical dated. Depending on the temperature of the We are pleased to report that the laser is up uncertainty, but the isotopic signatures of dif- wall rock at the time of failure, the veins might and running and our proposal was successful. ferent events are distinct. We hypothesize that record either near-instantaneous quenching or With major efforts by Jack and Brian, we have this cluster records a period of elevated pore subsequent cooling. Because the veins include recorded four episodes of seismic slip during fluid pressure. ‘survivor clasts’ (unmelted chunks of wall a period of more than three million years, As data from the two field areas demon- rock, variably degassed during melting), glass consistent with Wernicke’s (1991) proposal strate, these approaches to dating the rock (commonly low retention of argon), and 1-10 that low-angle normal faults can produce record of earthquakes allow us to evaluate µm sized new grains crystallized from melt, significant earthquakes, but only at very long histories much longer than those available sample preparation for standard step-heating intervals. through traditional paleoseismic studies. We analysis is challenging. Intrepid alumna Dana think this work is both timely and fascinating, Periodic earthquakes recorded by Smith took on the work as part of her MS and believe the integration of structural and calcite veins in the Loma Blanca normal degree (Smith, 2013), carefully separating geochronologic analyses of fault rocks will fault zone, NM shards of pseudotachylyte that lacked visible allow us to move beyond a documentation survivor clasts and working with WiscAr lab UW post-doctoral fellow Randolph (Randy) of the pattern of seismicity, toward a better guru Brian Jicha to conduct analyses. The Williams, who recently completed his PhD understanding of the mechanical processes result? Jackpot! Different veins from the same in the department (2016), has been working that control earthquake recurrence. with Goodwin and collaborator Peter Mozley outcrop yield different ages, thus recording References of New Mexico Tech to better document the times of quenching, rather than a single time Cowan, D.S., 1999, Do faults preserve a record hydromechanical evolution of faults in the Rio of seismic slip? A field geologist's opinion. J. Grande rift of New Mexico. Struct. Geol. 21, 995-1001. In a paper recently accepted Rowe, C.D. and Griffith, W.A., 2015, Do faults by the Geological Society of preserve a record of seismic slip: A second opinion. J. Struct. Geol. 78, p. 1-26. America Bulletin, Williams, Smith, D.M., 2013, Pseudotachylytes of South Goodwin, and Mozley Mountains Metamorphic Core Complex, documented evidence that AZ: A Record of Low-Angle Normal Fault veins restricted to zones of Seismicity, Unpub. M.S. Thesis, UW- Madison, Madison, WI, 68 p. overlap (i.e., relay zones) be- Wernicke, B, 1995, Low-angle normal faults U-Th dates on calcite veins. Blue symbols show ages of tween adjacent segments of and seismicity: A review: Journal of earthquakes determined from isolated calcite veins. Green the Loma Blanca fault record Geophysical Research 100, p. 2059-2074. symbols show the ages of earthquakes determined from coseismic tension. These Williams, R., Goodwin, L., Mozley, P., Beard, veins in breccias. Bars in lower left denote approximate time B., and Johnson, C., 2015, Tectonic controls span of modern instrument record and typical paleoseismic veins commonly contain on fault zone flow pathways in the Rio record. crack-seal microstructures, Grande rift, New Mexico, USA, Geology recording multiple fault slip- doi: 10.1130/G36799.1.

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 17 Alumni News —2015-16

1950s th Calvert County (MD) environmental com- Chris Rautmann, MS 1974; PhD 1976 Ron Tank, BS, 1951; MS 1955 mission continuing volunteer with "American [email protected]. [email protected]. Chestnut Land Trust" to preserve local forest I travelled to Riyadh Saudi Arabia last No- Ron sends greetings. and farmland. I am also working on educa- vember to present an invited paper on 3D tional historical and natural fiction. modeling and visualization at an environmen- James Davis, MS 1956; PhD 1965 tal conference. I completed my 12th season as David R. Schwimmer, BS 1967 Sally and I enjoy living in Madison, especially a visiting geologist at Philmont Scout Ranch schwimmer-david @columbusstate.edu. because we are near our daughter and her (BSA National High Adventure Base) in Cimar- I published a monograph on Cretaceous rep- family. I am active serving as a senior advisor ron, New Mexico. for the Board of Visitors for the Department. tiles and dinosaurs from South Carolina and a paper on unique a selachian coprolite with Brian Ball, BS 1979 1960s inclusions. I still enjoy teaching paleontology I am exploration manager for Arrington Oil & and historical geology, after all thee years. Try- Gas operating in Midland TX, and a mineral Pete Stark, MS 1960; PhD 1963 ing to live up to Dott and Laudon. Cheers. and gem buyer and seller. I attended both the [email protected]. Tucson and Denver Gem and Mineral Shows. I am Senior Research Director and Advi- John Kopmeier, BS 1968 sor, IHS Energy, Englewood, CO. I focus on [email protected]. 1980s analysis of shale, and and tight oil plays, world- John sends greetings. wide. Recent studies are on top 100 global oil Americo E. Korompai, MS 1969 Bruce Handley, BS 1980; MS 1983 and gas plays in four domains—conventional [email protected]. [email protected]. (deepwater), unconventional, tight conven- I retired (Texas) in 2004. Greetings, fellow Geo-Badgers, from an emei- tus Geoclub Elucidator (1981). The past year tional, and heavy oil with a special report on David G. Nichols, BS 1969 US tight conventional opportunities. [email protected]. (Continued, next page) L. Cameron Mosher, MS 1964; PhD 1967 I am working part-time as a [email protected]. hydrogeologist. I'm still enjoying I continue to teach Physical Geology and it and will continue as long as Developmental Math at Salt Lake Community someone wants to retain me. My College in Salt Lake City, Utah. I should have wife and I travel and volunteer. retired over 10 years ago but I am having too Life has been great. much fun still teaching to consider not doing Lee Trotta, BA 1969 it! And I still conduct Firewalks (yes, barefoot I've been consulting for Friends on burning coals!) one of my experiential of the Black River Forest at training tools. Pretty good mix of activities for meetings at the DNR and Wilson a grey haired old Badger! Town Hall concerning ground- Michael Sargent, BS 1964 water impacts of a proposed I enjoy reading the Outcrop, which helps me golf course. feel in connection to the department and Roger Wolfe, BS 1969 alumni. [email protected]. Gene A. Edwards. I continue to serve on I am doing geologic mapping the Sewer and Water Commission. We spend in my neighborhood of the winters in Casa Grande, AZ and have lived Colorado Rocky Mountains. near Lodi, WI for 24 years where we enjoy fish- ing and boating on Lake Wisconsin. 1970s Peter Vogt, MA 1965; PhD 1967 Thomas F. Hoffman, MS vogtpr@comcast. net. 1971 I've been collaborating with Prof. Jeffrey Chi- After 41 years in the coal arenzelli (St. Lawrence Univ.) on zircon dating industry, I have retired from full- sands on local beaches, Mid-Miocene shallow time work in the energy field. marine (Calvert Cliffs) and Late Miocene I continue to write a monthly fluvial deposits. I contributed chapters to a energy column for a Pittsburgh Neal Lord, installing a Reftek seismometer at Brady volume on Calvert Cliffs and plate tectonics of area daily newspaper. Hot Springs, Nevada on March 9th, 2016 as part of the the Azores Triple Junction. I am a member of PoroTomo project (page 11). Yes, that is Geo-Bucky on his helmet. Photo, K. Feigl.

18 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison has been spent working as an environ- entered the reception under a tunnel mental consultant for EnviroPhase of of sabers, one of which was her father's Dallas, TX. I am half of the Houston which was really cool, and cut the cake Field Office and have been exposed to with sabers.“ many different projects. I tell my old oil and gas friends that I still drill for 2000s oil, just very, very shallow oil (and die- Nate Warnke, BS 2000 sel). For fun (and to save the planet) [email protected]. I started I have become a climate activist. Visit a new brewpub in Madison, Rockhound our Facebook page at 350.org Houston Brewing Company, named after my geol- and "Like" us! ogy degree background, at 444 S. Park St., Michael Sweet, BS 1980 The Washington, D.C. wedding of Carrie Gilliam Baker only a few minutes walk from campus. [email protected]. and Bill Scouten in August, 2016. Jenifer Lewis (formerly Nielsen), MS I'm finishing my three-year term as hospital lecture series... funny huh?!? Our base 2006 the editor of the AAPG/Bulletin. It's been a was near the oldest lapis lazuli mines in the [email protected]. challenge and an honor to serve as Editor. world, and the local merchants brought pre- Jen sends greetings from her new home in I'm looking forward, in 2016, to more time to cious and semi-precious stones for coalition Canada. work on my own research. forces to purchase. You'll be happy to know Toni Simo, faculty, 1989-2006 Michael Newton, BS 1988 that I had my hand lens on hand during that Toni writes to Bob Dott at the holidays: "... In I am lead geologist for TreviIcos Corp on the deployment! In 2011 I deployed with the Navy the last six months I worked in Brazil, Guyana, remediation of the Bolivar Dam in northeast- on their hospital ship, USNS COMFORT, for Mexico, Namibia, South Africa, Morocco, ern Ohio. I recently worked as "Qualified Drill- the humanitarian mission "Continuing Prom- and Eastern Mediterranean—all very exciting ing Inspector" for Bauer Foundation Corp. ise". We visited nine countries in five months projects and some with huge potential. Not on the remediation of the Cneter Hill Dam in in Central and South America and in the Carib- surprised about the oil crush; if ExxonMobil Tennessee. I also continue geologic and envi- bean. During that deployment, I met a Navy is finding so much oil and gas and this is ronmental consulting with colleagues as a co- Officer, Bill Scouten, who would eventually be combined with the other companies the sur- founding member of Canyon Springs, LLC in my husband, but there would be four years of plus is incredible. The catch to be alive is the Chattanooga, TN. In contrast to the bedrock a long distance relationship first! Once I re- upstream-downstream connection and agility geology down in TN, the job at Bolivar Dam turned from Continuing Promise, I was moved to change...The big news in my life is the Jana in NE Ohio has refamiliarized me with similar to the UK for two years, then returned to the and I had a baby girl called Neda, born Nov. glacio-fluvial-lacustrine deposits and landscape USA for a two year stint at Andrews AFB in 10, 2015." to those I know and love of Wisconsin. Both Maryland. Bill and I were married this August the glacial deposits and certain units in the at the Army Navy Club in DC (I've attached a Anthony Pollington, PhD 2013; Pennsylvania-age bedrock present challenges picture). I also separated from the USAF this Ellen Syracuse, Postdoc/Assistant to excavation for emplacement of the seepage August and now live in Chesapeake VA with Scientist 2008-2013. barrier wall. Bill and work as a hospitalist physician for a 2016 has been a big year. Early this year local Catholic hospital. we both were offered, and accepted, 1990s permanent Research Scientist positions at Patrick Colgan, PhD 1996 Los Alamos National Laboratory; Ellen in the Carrie Gilliam Baker, MS 1996 [email protected]. Geophysics group and Anthony in Nuclear [email protected] It has been 20 years since I was at UW. Still and Radiochemistry. We both have published After getting divorced and finishing my resi- teaching geology and geomorphology at papers this year and are very pleased with the dency in Internal Medicine over eight years Grand Valley State University. I enjoyed seeing response. In personal news, after receiving ago, I up and joined the USAF finally fulfill- Madison while on a sabbatical in 2015. our jobs we purchased a home which we are ing a family tradition of service. My first duty Elizabeth King, MS 1997, PhD 2001 thrilled with. The most exciting however, is station was Travis AFB in Northern California [email protected] that in July we welcomed our first child! A where I treated active duty and retired military Liz King writes from Jackson Hole that she baby girl named Brigid Marie (middle name personnel both in the hospital and outpatient and Andy went to Carrie's (Gilliam Baker) in honor of Marie Curie). She is so sweet and setting. I was deployed with the Army to wedding. we are happily adjusting to the new parent Afghanistan in 2009 where I was asked to give “We luckily were able to arrange our calendar lifestyle. l a lecture on the geology of the area for the to be able to attend the wedding in DC. They

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 19 A Tribute to Professor Lloyd C. Pray (1919 - 2016)

Contributed by Robert H. Dott, Jr. A Special Symposium “Honoring Lloyd the time Lloyd joined us, he had an interna- C. Pray” will be held at the 2017 AAPG/ tional reputation, which gave our sedimentary On April fifth this year our esteemed col- SEPM meeting in Houston. The meet- program a significant boost. His industry league, Professor Emeritus Lloyd Pray, died ing will be organized by Rick Sarg experience gave a valuable extra perspec- at the age of 96. Poignantly, his wife of 70 and Bill Morgan who dedicate it as a tive to his teaching. Within a few years the years, Carrel, died only 54 days later. They are tribute to Lloyd’s many contributions Wisconsin program was being ranked among survived by four sons and 12 grandchildren. to carbonate geology—from cements the top two or three in the country. We were Lloyd will be long remembered for his and pore systems to buildups, slopes, also blessed with many top-notch students, boundless enthusiasm and a genius for and allochthonous deposits. As usual, who in turn have risen to prominence in both inspiring and mentoring the many students the Department will host a social event academia and industry. All of them owe much who came under his spell. Since retiring in for alumni; Rick and Bill will further to Lloyd Pray. 1989, Lloyd and Carrell continued to live at highlight Lloyd’s contributions there. Lloyd was a gifted teacher. His infectious Tumbledown Farm in their beautiful old stone enthusiasm, humor, and outgoing personal- farmhouse just west of Madison. They en- Marathon Oil Company research laboratory ity captivated all. In 1988 he was awarded a joyed interludes at a cottage on the shore of in 1956. There he initiated a carbonate rock coveted UW Distinguished Teaching Award Lake Superior near Ashland where Lloyd had research program and became a leader in a to add to an already long list of honors. These grown up. Of course he continued to conduct small, dynamic group of carbonate workers, included the Twenhofel Medal, sedimentary some field trips to his beloved Guadalupe which formed a remarkably fruitful collabora- geology’s top award (1999), the AAPG Matson Mountains in southeastern New Mexico until tion. This group was dominated by members Award (1967), SEPM Honorary Membership it became physically prohibitive. of petroleum industry research programs like (1982), and an AAPG Distinguished Lecture- Lloyd graduated cum laude from Carleton Lloyd’s, but it had a very positive impact upon ship (1985-87). Perhaps he was most proud College in 1941 and earned an MS from academic sedimentology. The Society for of a 1988 Guadalupe Mountains National Park California Institute of Technology in 1943. Sedimentology (SEPM) provided a forum for Citation for his many contributions to the He then enlisted in the Navy and worked on the rapidly changing field of carbonate sedi- understanding of that fabulous region. surveys of Japanese harbors to assess their mentology and Lloyd was right in the midst of Lloyd’s most important single contribution navigability in case of an invasion. He married Society affairs, becoming President in 1969. was his leading international role in promot- Carrel Meyers in 1946 and returned to Cal It was also in 1969 that Lloyd succumbed ing carbonate sedimentology. More specific Tech to complete the PhD in 1951. His disser- to the persuasion of Professor Lewis Cline to contributions to the field included the co- tation concerned the Paleozoic stratigraphy of re-enter academia and join our Badger fold. authorship of a very influential classification the Sacramento Mountains in New Mexico. While teaching an undergraduate summer of types and evolution of porosity in carbon- Pray taught at Cal Tech for five years before field course, Cline recognized student Pray’s ate rocks. Then there was the recognition of moving to Denver to join the newly formed potential and had kept him in his sights. By syndepositional marine carbonate cements when conventional wisdom ruled them to be impossible; the recognition that many sup- posed shoal water “patch” reefs were actually allochthonous megabreccia blocks formed by submarine debris flows; recognition of phylloid algal buildups and the demonstration of their petroleum reservoir potential; and the elucidation of so-called Waulsortian reefs. Lloyd was fond of challenging conventional wisdom with maverick hypotheses, which was the theme of his SEPM presidential address. Pray was an evangelist for field geology. He led popular field trips, which became legendary especially those to the Guadalupe Mountains to study the famous Permian reef complex. Outcrops-by-headlights and jump- ing-jacks-at-the-first-stop after a cold night sleeping on frozen ground are remembered fondly by many. Douglas Pray, Lloyd’s young- est of four sons, filmed Lloyd’s last UW field Lloyd Pray in the field.Photo, Toni Simo.

20 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison trip to the Guadalupe Mountains in 1988. That thin section. Then there was “bad water,” was chosen to fill Lloyd’s faculty position film, The Stratigraphy of a Geologist, is avail- which seemed to account for all manner as our carbonate man until he was lured to able through SEPM and provides a valuable of carbonate depositional and diagenetic industry in 2006. teaching device portraying Lloyd’s captivating mysteries. Most important of all, however, is The citation for Lloyd’s Twenhofel Medal talents and his geological philosophy. He also the testimony of numbers of former students award, which was presented appropriately by led many trips there that were connected to that “Lloyd taught us how to look at rocks.” one of his early protégées at Marathon, then professional meetings and he participated in One day a few years after he had retired, Lloyd president of SEPM Harry E. Cook, read as many symposia and short courses. Lloyd also poked his head into the carbonate lab to find follows: conducted important research in the Canadian all of the students squinting at their computer To Lloyd C. Pray for his memorable and Rocky Mountains, in Spain, and in Libya. screens. I heard him exclaim “Doesn’t anyone sustaining accomplishments in under- Well remembered are Pray’s stimulating look at rocks here anymore?” standing the origin and relevant char- lectures and imaginative laboratory exercises. Lloyd’s international reputation naturally acteristics of many aspects of carbonate A bowl of corn flakes or potato chips vividly attracted some post-doctoral fellows. Notable sedimentary rocks, and for being a joyful, conveyed the complex fabric of phylloid algal among these were two young Spanish geolo- trustworthy, and caring person to his fami- limestones and macaroni of varied shapes gists, Mateo Esteban and Antonio Simo, who ly and friends, his students and colleagues, immersed in epoxy showed how fossil shells collaborated with Lloyd for several years. Simo and the geological community.” l could seem to be free-floating in a random

In Memoriam Dorothy "Dottie" Craddock, wife of the late raphy professor on the UW-Madison campus, Professor Campbell Craddock, passed away on she served in several departments, instructing, Carrell Pray passed away in Madison on May September 16, 2016 in Roseville, MN at the age writing, doing research and cartography and, 27, 2016 at the age of 96, just 54 days after of 86. She graduated from Millikin University later, with Wisconsin Geological and Natural her husband Emeritus Professor Lloyd Pray's in Decatur, IL, and attended graduate school History Survey. passing. Carrel is best known in Madison as at UW-Madison. She married J. Campbell the founder and first director of the Madison Charles D. Reynolds passed away on Craddock in 1953. Dottie and Cam lived in Boychoir, which eventually became today's September 25, 2015 in Pittsburgh, PA. He was New York, Texas, New Mexico, Wyoming, New Madison Youth Choirs. Carrell met her future a graduate of the UW-Madison, a WWII veteran Zealand, and Minneapolis, and then settled in husband Lloyd on a train to Washington, of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and spent Madison in 1967. Cam was Professor of Geol- D.C. and they were married for 70 years. Well his entire career traveling the world with ogy at UW-Madison for 40 years while Dottie respected in Wisconsin as a watercolorist, U.S. Steel as a geologist. He was a founding taught elementary school. The Craddocks her paintings were exhibited throughout the member of The International Marine Minerals moved to St. Paul in 2006 and Cam passed region. She helped start a camp for diabetic Society (IMMS). away on July 23, 2006. Dottie is survived by children, was host to foreign AFS students, three children and eight grandchildren. Justin R. Brown, BS 2006, passed away in was an avid tennis player, an active member August 2016. of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), John Dennison, PhD 1960 "A bright light and supported political causes and promoted University North Carolina-Chapel Hill Emeritus in every way," social justice. She is survived by four sons, 12 Geology Professor, Dr. John Dennison passed on this cam- grandchildren, and three great-grandchildren. away on June 2, 2014. He earned his Ph.D. in pus he was a geology at UW-Madison in 1960 under Lew Louise Clark, wife of Professor Emeritus Dave UW-Madison Cline. He taught at the University of Illinois, Clark, passed away in Provo, Utah on April 12, Chancellor the University of Tennessee, and finally, from 2016 after a 50 year struggle with the complica- Scholar, an 1967 until 2002, at the University of North tions of rheumatoid arthritis. She was an active Undergradu- Carolina in Chapel Hill. His investigations member of the LDS church, and was selected ate Research were varied, but focused on the strata of the as Wisconsin’s Mother of the Year in 1997. She Fellow, and Appalachians from Alabama to New York and lived in many cities but spent most of her life an Under- their associated fossils, mineral resources, and Justin R. Brown at GSA, 2009. in Madison, where she lead support groups for graduate the geologic history of their developing struc- those with auto-immune diseases and taught Hilldale Scholar. From our department he tures and topography. His research spanned medical students at UW-Madison about living received the Distinguished Undergrad award in over half a century of scientific publications, with rheumatoid arthritis. She is survived by 2004, the Hanks' Award in 2005, and the T.C. more than a hundred in number. He humbly her husband David, a son, two daughters, 16 Chamberlin Scholarship in 2006. At the time of received many professional honors. grandchildren, and six great-granddaughters. his death he was Visiting Assistant Professor of Gwendolyn M. Schultz, writer, and Professor Geophysics at James Madison University. He is Emerita of Geography at the University of survived by many loving friends family mem- Wisconsin-Madison, passed away on March 15, bers, and colleagues. Justin is remembered as 2014 in Milwaukee at the age of 91. As a geog- warm, funny, and brilliant. l http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 21 Faculty News —2015-16 Jean Bahr Quan Zhou (PhD 2016), successfully defended faculty had proposed that the University divest International travels were a highlight of the her doctoral thesis in May 2016, after four years its holdings in fossil fuel companies. It turned past year. In June I visited Switzerland and of hard work on lab experiments and numerical out that all parties were in complete agreement Belgium with a delegation of the Nuclear modeling. YaoQuan’s hard work also helped regarding the urgency of the climate change, Waste Technical Review Board. In addition to produce my group’s first student-led paper in but there were passionate disagreements over enlightening discussions with researchers and the journal Water Resources Research (Zhou et what should be done about it, and whether regulators in both countries, we were able to go al. 2016). Masters student Claire Sayler (MS, divestment would have any real impact on underground in three research laboratories: the 2016) also successfully defended her thesis this carbon emissions. It is without doubt a complex Grimsel crystalline rock lab and the Mont Terri past year, and then quickly became my first problem, and the Utah faculty eventually voted clay lab in Switzerland and the Hades clay lab student to say goodbye and “leave the nest”. to recommend divestment by a narrow margin in Belgium. We all came away from those visits Claire has now taken a position in Washington, (note that UW-Madison addressed this question convinced that long term experiments in such DC at the venerable environmental firm S.S. several years ago, with the opposite result). Back underground facilities are a critical component Papadopulos & Associates. in Madison I have continued experimenting to designing a robust geologic repository for While my first students are wrapping up with online and blended learning approaches to high level waste. In July I attended the Int. their work and beginning to make their way in teaching. I “flipped” my Energy Resources class Assoc. of Hydrologic Sciences GQ16 conference the world, new blood and new projects con- (Geoscience 411), delivering lecture material in Shenzhen, China, organized by UW alumnus tinue to produce interesting research problems. online and using the class time instead for Chunmiao Zheng. The conference focused on Working with my continuing student David discussion with smaller groups of students. I safeguarding groundwater quality in a changing Lim (MS, 2016), my group is taking its first foray also taught a three-week version of this course world. The location in a metropolitan area that into the hydrogeology of geothermal systems, to about 30 students during June 2014, using the has grown from less than 30,000 in 1979 to over through the DOE-funded PoroTomo project led high-quality videos that were produced for the 20 million people today highlighted the chal- by Kurt Feigl. Throughout March, we spent the MOOC (Massive Open Online Course) that I lenges of providing adequate clean water to the a month at an operational geothermal site in taught in the summer of 2015. I can also report world’s megacities. the Nevada desert (a nice break from Madison several new milestones on the research front, Back in Madison I continue to enjoy inter- winters) listening to the reservoir with an array starting with the publication of a special volume acting with students in classes and in research. of satellites, seismics, and other sensors. In a on the Green River Formation co-edited by M.S. student Hangjian Zhao successfully com- related but smaller-scale project, student Ben former student Mike Smith and myself. This vol- pleted his double degree with Water Resources Heinle is working on the first lab experiments ume provided an opportunity to finally get some Management in August and has recently moved that will enable visualization of heat movement student papers published that had lain fallow, to the Twin Cities. Josh Olson and Elisabeth and exchange in fractures, providing insights including excellent contributions by Mike Smith, Schlaudt, also in the WRM double degree into the energy movements in geothermal reser- Brooke Norsted, Jennifer Graf, and Meredith track, made good progress on their research voirs. Rhodes. M’Bark Baddouh completed his Ph.D. and will be presenting papers at the upcoming Finally, thanks to a nomination by Jean (co-advised by Steve Meyers), and published an GSA meeting in Denver. Madison Larkin, who Bahr, I was honored to receive my first award innovative paper on the use of 87Sr/86Sr to track began her graduate studies last fall, is examining made out of actual rock. During the 2015 Fall continental-scale moisture circulation patterns long term plume evolution at a site on the Bad GSA meeting, I accepted the GSA Hydrogeology in the Eocene. Marshal Tofte completed an River Reservation. Division Kohout Early Career Award (accompa- M.Sc. thesis that examines regional patterns This fall I am looking forward to sharing nying a very nice fossiliferous limestone trophy) of organic enrichment in the Bridger basin, the hydrogeology course with Mike Cardiff. (photo, page 14). Many thanks are due to the based on thousands of Fischer Assay measure- Enrollments in that course continue to grow, people around me—my students, colleagues, ment of oil shale potential. Unsurprisingly, the driven, in part, by the high enrollments in the and the extended community of Weeks Hall— petroleum industry employment picture for our Geological Engineering major. Sharing the who I couldn’t have done it without! graduates has been much more challenging the course with Mike will facilitate some upcoming past couple of years, but there are suggestions Alan Carroll meeting travel associated with my term as presi- that it might be starting to improve. Over the past year I have continued to develop dent of the American Geosciences Institute. I’m my interests in energy education and outreach, Chuck DeMets particularly looking forward to an AGI Critical with the overarching theme that everything we The past year was a productive year for complet- Issues Workshop in October that will delve into do in this area involves finite Earth resources. ing papers, proposals, and research, making it issues associated with management of the high Since my book was published in March 2015 nearly ideal from a professional standpoint. The plains aquifer and, more generally, aquifers that (see last year’s Outcrop) I’ve had a number of highlight of my year was a month-long research span multiple legal boundaries. interesting opportunities to address the public, visit to Ecole Normale Superieure on the Left Michael Cardiff ranging from the Wisconsin Society of Profes- Bank of Paris to work with two French col- It was my 4th year as faculty here at Madison, sional Engineers to the Larry Meiller radio pro- leagues at ENS. A quiet office overlooking a park but the 2015-2016 academic year continued to gram. Perhaps the most stimulating was a talk I and my proximity to some of Paris's best cafés bring its fair share of “firsts”. My first PhD, Yao- gave at the University of Utah, where a group of (Continued, next page) 22 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison and quietest streets were key ingredients for a and our motel (no comment) in Fernley. and Jack Hoehn and alumna Dana Smith, productive and relaxing break from Madison. With the (awfully long) title of “Poroelastic whose preliminary research formed the center- My graduate students Andria Ellis and Beatriz Tomography by Adjoint Inverse Modeling of pieces of these proposals, but also with alumni Cosenza spent the year continuing their model- Data from Seismology, Geodesy, and Hydrol- who, through the Leith Fund, have provided a ing of the earthquake cycles of western Mexico ogy”, the PoroTomo project aims to assess steady drumbeat of support for UW-Madison’s and northern Central America. Hopefully, their an integrated technology for characterizing structure program. Basil Tikoff and I have work will come to fruition and be published and monitoring changes in the mechanical used interest earned on the Leith Fund for during the coming year. My decade-long plate properties of a geothermal reservoir in three everything from graduate and undergraduate tectonic research project with long-time col- dimensions with a spatial resolution better student fieldwork and analytical fees to equip- laborator Professor Sergey Merkouriev of St. than 50 meters. A better understanding of the ment purchase and repair. This seed money has Petersburg State University yielded four more hydrologic, mechanical, thermal and chemical played an increasingly critical role as funding published papers during the past year, one of processes will contribute to realizing the poten- rates from all sources that support geoscience which we believe has important implications for tial of harnessing energy from the heat within research have declined. This Outcrop summary geological and structural interpretations of the the earth. The PoroTomo project is funded by a and, really, all of the summaries we write should geotectonic evolution of the western U.S. and grant from The Office of Energy Efficiency and be viewed as thank-you notes to our alumni. We Canada for the past 20 Myr. Renewable Energy (EERE) of the U.S. Depart- would be so much less without you. ment of Energy These days, my research group is all about Kurt L. Feigl earthquakes and the record they leave in fault Hélène Le Mével completed her PhD thesis on John Fournelle rocks, from the high- and low-angle normal the Laguna del Maule volcanic field on the crest 2015-16 continued to be busy with getting faults that are the focus of this year’s cover of the southern Andes. In her final year, she de- the new CAMECA SXFive FE electron probe article to a subduction zone thrust fault. Randy, veloped, from first principles, a dynamic model operational. I was invited to give a series of lec- who successfully defended his dissertation Au- to explain the exceptionally rapid deformation tures at Nanjing University in November 2015, gust 15 and is now officially Dr. Williams, post- there. As of March 2016, rate of vertical uplift on electron probe microanalysis, particularly doc, will continue to focus on the normal fault was still faster than 200 mm/yr, as it has been dealing with applications in geoscience. I also record of fluid flux, including coseismic calcite since some time before 2007. gave lectures at the University of Science and veins that record the timing of fracture opening In March 2016, the PoroTomo team per- Technology of China at Hefei and at the Chinese and fault leakage in relay zones. He found time formed field work at Brady Hot Springs, Nevada. Academy of Geological Sciences in Bejing. China to co-supervise alumna Salsabila Nazari’s From UW-Madison, Neal Lord, Xiangfang has changed a lot since I visited there 37 years undergraduate research into sand injectites Zeng, Chelsea Lancelle (PhD 2016), David before! It turned out that our own Sturgis “Bull” crosscut by the fault veins. Jack has been both Lim, Lesley Parker, Mike Cardiff, Cliff Bailey had been at Nanjing University in 1985, dating and doing preliminary analyses of the size Thurber, Herb Wang and Dante Fratta giving a clay mineralogy short course, where a of earthquakes recorded by pseudotachylyte in (GLE) joined me in working long hours under young graduate student by the name of Huifang a low-angle normal fault. Alumnus Mike Schiltz demanding conditions for 26 days in a row. The Xu would be in the audience and decide to continued to work on a related senior research whole operation felt like a mountaineering or take up mineralogy (see p. 12 in the Outcrop project after graduating in Spring 2015. Hanna sea-going expedition. Elena Reinisch, Tabrez for 2014-15). In March I gave a lecture on low Bartram, co-supervised with Harold Tobin, Ali, Michelle Szabo, Judy Gosse, and Dan voltage electron probe microanalysis at the is untangling a mess of metamorphic tectonites Koetke (OQI), provided invaluable logistical, University of Lausanne. I was the local organizer (once ocean floor) cut by calcite veins and anas- financial, and moral support in Madison. The for a successful international electron probe mi- tomosing fault zones in the Rodeo Cove thrust PoroTomo team also includes scientists and croanalysis conference, held here at UW in May. zone, exposed in the Franciscan formation engineers from Ormat Technologies, Silixa This summer, Phil Gopon (MS 2010) success- along the California coast. All part, as alumna Limited, the University of Nevada-Reno, Temple fully defended his PhD thesis and headed off Marcia Bjornerud (Professor, Lawrence Uni- University, Lawrence Livermore National Labora- to do a postdoc at Oxford University. Aurelien versity) might say, of the autobiography of the tory, and Lawrence Berkeley National Labora- Moy (Université de Montpelier, France) started Earth. [Check out Prof. Bjornerud’s New Yorker tory. Thanks to their strong work, we success- in August to work with me as an NSF-funded articles, including The Quiet Before the Quake fully collected more than 55 Terabytes of data, postdoctoral fellow, helping to continue the low here: http://www.newyorker.com/contributors/ while braving howling sandstorms, monitoring voltage electron probe microanalysis research marcia-bjornerud]. interstate traffic, surveying avian nests, chowing which Phil and I started. plastic breakfasts, imbibing truckstop coffee, en- Shaun Marcott countering enterprising mice, hearing turbulent Laurel Goodwin The past year has been productive and packed flow, watching steaming fumaroles, avoiding In the past year, I received research grants full of things to keep our group busy. In Febru- archeological sites, juggling digital radios, and from both the Petroleum Research Fund (with ary, the final renovations were completed for consuming energy bars. I thoroughly enjoyed Co-PI Peter Mozley of New Mexico Tech) and the 4th floor cosmogenic lab and the group the combination of non-stop problem-solving the National Science Foundation (with Co-PIs wasted no time getting into it to prepare our and story-telling as we commuted between our including our own Brad Singer as well as Josh northern Greenland samples. Graduate students “lab” (a 40-foot shipping container), our “living Feinberg of the Univ. of Minnesota). The suc- Melissa Reusché and Elizabeth Ceperley, room” (another 40-foot shipping container), cess of these proposals is rightfully shared, not along with undergraduates Alex Horvath and only with graduate students Randy Williams (Continued, next page) http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 23 Claire Vavrus spent the better the internet. His illustrations of part of the spring preparing and dinosaurs are everywhere! Erika processing samples in the new Ito, undergraduate ’16 major, lab and made heroic efforts to get also has been active in the group, our new operation off the ground. helping us to wrangle data for In the summer, Melissa accepted Macrostrat and GeoDeepDive an internship at Hess Co. (and (https://geodeepdive.org), the recently accepted a full-time posi- latter of which is being carried out tion beginning next year) and Alex with colleagues across the street began transitioning to work on in computer science. his second undergraduate project with Luke Zoet. Meanwhile, Eric E. Roden Elizabeth and Claire took up the All my adult life I’ve heard that the charge over the summer to keep 20th century was the century of things moving along in lab, along physics and chemistry, and that with undergraduate, Hannah the 21st century will be the cen- tury of biology. It turns out that Zimmerman, who is working on Folds in Neoproterozoic saprolitic schists near Newdale, N.C. an oceanography based project in Undergrad geomajors Luke Schranz and Patrick Callahan are giving was true in ways I would never collaboration with Ian Orland, the W on the Spring Break 2016 field course.Photo, Shanan Peters. have imagined, particularly from John Valley, Clay Kelly, and the vantage point of an geomicro- myself. During the summer, Elizabeth also Analyst John Czaplewski leading the informat- biologist interested in low-temperature biogeo- spent time at Lamont Dougherty Observa- ics and programmatic aspects of the Macrostrat chemical cycling at or near the Earth’s surface. tory to sample ocean sediment cores and was database, and generally serving as a geosnatially- Although geobiologists have been working with accepted to an intensive 15-day field school in savvy technical consultant for many in the Dept. living systems forever, recent advances in DNA Newfoundland. Starting this fall, our lab group We’ve managed to put together a few tools that sequencing and bioinformatics technologies are will nearly double in size as two new postdocs make geological data more accessible. Check paving the way to rapid advances in our ability join my group (Aaron Barth from Oregon State out the geological maps component of Mac- to unravel the connection between observable University and Jeremiah Marsicek from the rostrat, (https://macrostrat.org/burwell), or ex- phenomena (e.g. microbially-driven geochemi- University of Wyoming), and another graduate plore for specific geological units in Sift (https:// cal processes) and the unobservable genetic student (Cameron Batchelor from Appala- macrostrat.org/sift). Rockd (https://rockd.org), basis underlying those phenomena. With these chian State University). Aaron joins my lab with the mobile application you can use to log your new tools we can come to grips with the an expertise in cosmogenic dating and will be field trips, will be out soon too! The data behind operation of modern systems in unprecedented working with me on an alpine glacial project in the Macrostrat scenes are being used by Post- detail, and also peer backward in time—through North and South America. Jeremiah is a native doctoral Scholar Jon Husson to explore a wide genomic analysis—to gain insight into the organ- Wisconsinite and specializes in data analyses range of topics in biogeochemical and sediment isms and processes that may have dominated and geo-statistics, and is working with me on a cycling. Senior Programmer Analyst Michael life on the early Earth. The Geomicrobiology large, collaborative project to investigate global McClennen continues to improve access to the Lab continues to embrace these new tools, with Holocene climate changes. Cameron is working Paleobiology Database (https://paleobiodb.org), a specific interest in how microbial cells can gain with Ian Orland, Museum Director Richard hosted here, and Andrew Zaffos is exploring energy by transferring electrons (i.e. metabolic Slaughter, and myself on stalagmites from those data and their relationship to paleogeog- energy equivalents) to and/or from solutes and Cave of the Mounds in order to reconstruct raphy and Macrostrat. mineral phases external to the cell membrane. permafrost histories in southern Wisconsin over It has been a big year for students. Ben Of foremost interest are dissimilatory iron- the last several glacial cycles. Beyond the lab and Linzmeier’s paper on SIMS analysis of Nautilus reducing microorganisms that transfer electrons office work here in Madison, I haven’t been able appeared in print and he pulled down a disser- to insoluble iron oxides and phyllosilicates to get out for fieldwork this past year, which tation completion fellowship from UW. Sharon during respiration; and chemolithotrophic iron- would explain the additional 5-10 lbs that seems McMullen returned from a summer internship oxidizing that extract electrons from aqueous to have amassed. Oh well, the upshot is that I at Hess with a job offer and is on a fast track to and mineral-bound Fe(II) sources. Over the past was finally here for my anniversary (something I finish. Congrats Sharon! Second year M.S. stu- six months we produced our first two major traditionally miss). Looking forward to the next dent Ben Barnes snagged the Robert and Caro- publications whose centerpiece was a so-called year with my growing group and getting back lyn Maby Memorial Grant from the AAPG and “metagenomic” (broadly defined as the study into the field where a geologist belongs. the Alexander and Geraldine Wanek Award from of genetic material recovered directly from en- GSA to pursue his work on carbonate cements vironmental samples) analysis of the metabolic Shanan Peters in the Bakken Formation. He had a successful capacities of mixed microbial communities in- Hello Geobadgers! Another year, and things sampling campaign at the USGS core lab. The volved in the extracellular redox metabolism of have never been better. The Macrostrat group J. Valley lab group have been great collabora- Fe. Assistant Research Scientist Shaomei He’s is bigger than ever and continues to make tors on this work. Scott Hartman continues to paper in Applied and Environmental Microbiol- progress. I’m fortunate to still have Programmer be the student I encounter most frequently on ogy provided long-awaited insight into how a (Continued, next page) 24 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison chemolithotrophic iron-oxidizing astrochronology; by all accounts culture that we’ve worked with for it was a great success. While all of almost 20 years can directly attack these things were happening, I insoluble Fe(II)-bearing minerals. assumed the role of Science Editor Meanwhile, Nathan Fortney of GSA Bulletin for a 4-year term, (PhD student in the NASA sup- joining GeoBadger alum Aaron ported Wisconsin Astrobiology Re- Cavosie, and David Scofield. search Consortium) published his Nathan Andersen and Paola M.S. thesis in Geobiology, which Martinez continue blazing new utilized metagenomic analysis to trails in understanding Andean reveal novel pathways for micro- magmatism in their PhD disserta- bial iron reduction in Chocolate tion and MS thesis projects, re- Pots Hot Springs in Yellowstone spectively. On September 8, 2016 National Park. Nathan’s analysis Nathan's wife Emi gave birth to also provided evidence for the A 2016 UW-Madison Press release entitled “In these microbes, daughter Wynn Hikari Andersen— first known microbial taxa that is iron works like oxygen”: The steamy volcanic vent at Chocolate congratulations! Another milestone: capable of both iron and sulfate Pot Hot Spring at Yellowstone, an iron-rich but relatively cool hot Teri and I, plus family, celebrated reduction, which in turn has led spring where a variety of fascinating microorganisms thrive without Zoe's graduation from the Univer- oxygen. The inset shows an abstract representation of the microbial to a collaboration with Penn State community in a bacterial culture obtained from Chocolate Pot sity of Chicago in June—wow, did University to isolate the organism hot spring. The colored dots represent DNA fragments from each that really just happen! identified in his genomic libraries. microbial variety; the fragments are clustered based on unique The He et al. and Fortney et al. similarities within an organism’s DNA. Both photos courtesy of Clifford H. Thurber papers were highlighted in an Nathan Fortney. This past year has been one of April 5, 2016 UW-Madison press many highlights. In January 2016, release (see photo). Two students Maule to collect data from two of the seismom- working with a great field crew, we in the campus-wide Environmental Chemistry eters intalled earlier that year. I presented a installed 25 seismic stations around Laguna del and Technology (Jacqueline Meija and Noah paper at the 2016 Goldschmidt Conference Maule to complete the deployment of a seismic Stern) are utilizing analogous approaches in Yokohama on triggering of the great 1912 array that we started installing in January 2015. to understand mechanisms whereby organic Katmai-Novarupta, Alaska eruption by basaltic It took months of planning to make that deploy- carbon associated with iron oxides can fuel and recharge that, based on fine-scale zoning ment a success. Grad student Crystal Wespes- accelerate iron reduction, which has important recorded in plagioclase and orthopyroxene, tad was a force in the field, and she has begun implications toward the lability and mobility took place only weeks prior to the eruption. analyzing the new data retrieved from the array of soil carbon. All of these studies seek to link The paper, now published in EPSL, is based on for her thesis research. Undergrad Bethany experiment and observation with genomic work I completed while on Sabbatical in 2015 at Vanderhoof has also been participating in the analysis, which, one could say, has become part the Earth Observatory of Singapore with former initial data analysis. For a second field project, of the “sensibility” of geomicrobiologists all over PhD student—now tenured professor—Fidel Neal Lord and our collaborators deployed the world. Though it comes in many flavors, Costa. Following the Goldschmidt Conference, about 40 instruments on Unalaska Island in this basic modus operandi will no doubt drive a I undertook field work to collect samples from summer 2015, as part of a project involving UW- continuous stream of new discoveries for many rhyolitic ash beds in the famous Cretaceous Madison, UC-Riverside, and the Alaska Volcano years to come. strata of Hokkaido Japan. Fortunately, we did Observatory. We have the dual goals of analyz- not encounter one of the island's infamous ing non-volcanic tremor within the subduction Brad Singer brown bears during this work. Then it was on to zone offshore and imaging the internal structure January 2016 began in a flurry as I led, with Cliff China, where, as a Distinguished Lecturer of the of Makushin volcano. The instruments were Thurber, two weeks of operations at Laguna Chinese Academy of Sciences, I gave 6 talks on retrieved in summer 2016 and the data analysis del Maule, Chile. The field crew of 20 people the Laguna del Maule project, and on advances will begin soon. In the "when it rains it pours" included Neal Lord, Crystal Wespestad, made possible by Brian Jicha using our multi- category, much of the year was spent designing Basil Tikoff, and alumna Dana Peterson (now collector mass spectrometer for 40Ar/39Ar dating and arranging the instrumentation for a dense at Cornell). This involved a week of helicopter- in Beijing, Guangzhou, and Wuhan. In May seismic array for a project at the Brady geother- supported work, including installation of 25 PhD student Jack Hoehn, Laurel Goodwin, mal site in Nevada. 240 state-of-the-art nodal seismometers, digital photogrammetry over 400 Brian Jicha and I began an exciting collabora- seismic instruments were deployed in March km2, and deployment of field geology teams. tion that capitalizes on the in situ sampling 2016 for a period of about 3 weeks. I trucked PhD students Alan Schaen and Nico Garib- capabilities of a new ultraviolet laser in WiscAr the nodes from Salt Lake City, where they had aldi were helicoptered in to the 6 Ma Risco lab to date pseudotachylyte (see cover story). been programmed, to Fernley Nevada for the Bayo-Huemul pluton for a week of mapping and In August it was on to Boise to co-convene the deployment, and then trucked them back to sampling. So that we could prepare for the big 2nd IsoAstro workshop with Steve Meyers and Salt Lake City for the data downloading. The 2016 deployment, in October, 2015 I had put on Mark Schmitz. This workshop brought together field work was a great success. Post-doc Xiang- my Telemark skis and trekked into Laguna del 45 students and researchers from 8 countries fang Zeng, grad student Lesley Parker, and to explore integrating radioisotope dating and (Continued, next page) http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 25 many others took part in various phases of the significant undertaking, and Maureen Kahn has Former Post-Docs, Ian Orland and Maciej Sli- field work. 9 km of optical fiber for Distributed been a major help in getting it submitted. The winski, were promoted to Assistant Research Acoustic Sensing was also deployed at Brady. second main project is working on the Strabo Scientists. Maciej is continuing SIMS studies of Together, the data will allow for remarkably digital data system, which is a digital database carbonate diagenesis motivated by DOE’s inter-

high-resolution imaging of the shallow part of (and more) for Structural Geology and Tecton- est in CO2 sequestration. Ian has returned to the the geothermal system. We also hope to be ics. Doug Walker (Kansas) and Julie Newman WiscSIMS Lab after a prestigious two-year NSF able to detect small temporal changes in the (Texas A&M) are my main collaborators on this post-doc at the Univ. of Minnesota and is PI of a subsurface seismic velocity structure caused by project, along with a whole crew of students new NSF grant, “Seasonal dynamics of the Indo- changes in the water injection pumping rate. and programmers. Randy Williams and Zach Asian Monsoon during deglaciations." Grad student Bin Guo completed his MS thesis Michels have been instrumental in making it Andrée and I toured Japan in June before on the Alpine Fault, New Zealand, in summer work from the UW-Madison side. Otherwise, the Goldschmidt Conference in Yokohama 2015, and since then has been working mostly there are a bunch of other ongoing projects that where I gave two keynote lectures. Highlights on the study of nonvolcanic tremor along the I enjoy working on, including Laguna de Maule before the meeting include: the craft pottery San Andreas Fault in the Parkfield region as one (the large project lead by Brad Singer and village of Shigaraki, now an international art cen- part of his PhD research. Grad student David involving Nico Garibaldi), geospatial statics ter; numerous potteries and museums of Kutani Watkins finished his MS thesis on seismic to- (with alumna Sarah Titus, and involving Nick ware; everything in Kyoto; and the Snow and mography of the subduction zone in the Jalisco Roberts and others in the structural geology Ice Museum in Kaga. The S&I Museum features region of Mexico in spring 2016, and now works group), and ongoing work in Central America research by Ukichiro Nakaya the glaciologist for the USGS in Middleton. Assistant Scientist with Chuck DeMets (with students Bridget who classified snowflakes in the 1930’s and first Ninfa Bennington has been incredibly busy Garnier and Andria Ellis). Finally, with a synthesized them in the lab. We were hosted this year, working on two projects in Alaska, Herculean effort from many in the structural by Nakaya’s daughter, Fujiko, but disappointed including a seismic deployment plus magneto- geology students—and some mastereminding that another daughter, Saki Olsen, could not telluric field work at Okmok volcano, analyzing by Laurel Goodwin—I am back in an office in make the trip from the US. It was Saki who ambient noise data from Laguna del Maule, and the Isolation Ward. Thank you to everyone for first told us about this gem of a museum in the making preparations for magnetotelluric field your efforts! It isn’t the prettiest office in the 1990’s when she was on sabbatical (metamor- work at Yellowstone in summer 2017. Together whole building (read: It is ugly), but it is nice to phic petrology) at UW. we recruited three new graduate students, be home. Herbert F. Wang Reagan Cronin, Laney Hart, and David (DJ) I am serving in my second year as a rotator Miller to work with Ninfa on her projects start- John W. Valley at NSF in the Instrumentation and Facilities ing in fall 2016. Jake Cammack, Adam Denny and David McDougal (with Noriko Kita) completed MS program of the Earth Sciences Division. I have Basil Tikoff theses last year on 3.4 Ga cherts in the Pilbara also participated in reviews and panels in the The structural geology group continues to do Craton that host the oldest accepted stromato- Geophysics, Sedimentary Geology & Paleon- well and is very active. Charlotte Bate, Rich- lites; carbonate diagenesis in the Illinois Basin; tology, EarthCube, and Paleo Perspectives on ard Becker, Bridget Garnier, Nico Garib- and chondritic meteorites, respectively. Adam is Climate Change (P2C2) programs. The variety aldi, Saurabh Ghanekar, Nick Roberts, shifting his sights to the Bakken Fm for a PhD. has given me different perspectives on Earth and Maureen Kahn are all working on their The NOVA special, “Life’s Rocky Start” aired Science. NSF gives its rotators the opportunity degrees. There are two highlights associated Jan. 13, 2016 and featured clips of Jake and me to keep up with research through its Indepen- with Zach Michels: First, he finished his PhD in the field in Western Australia and also Mike dent Research/Development (IR/D) program. degree, focusing on developing a new type of Spicuzza and Kouki Kitajima in the lab in In March I participated in the first week of the microstructural analyses for deformed rocks. Madison. It can be viewed free on line (search field portion of Kurt Feigl’s PoroTomo project Second, he became a parent about two months the title). Phil Gopon finished his PhD, super- at Brady Hot Springs. The Distributed Acoustic later. Talk about a one-two combination! vised with John Fournelle, developing novel Sensing (DAS) experiment is an order of magni- Post-doc Vasili Chatzaras left UW-Madison techniques of microanalysis that he applied to tude larger in size than our earlier ones on Lake January 2016 to finish the third year of his Marie samples from the Moon. New post-doctoral Mendota ice and at Garner Valley, CA. In August Curie fellowship at the University of Utrecht, fellows, Huan Cui and Akizumi Ishida, joined Chelsea Lancelle completed her PhD based Netherlands. This was the plan all along, but we the astrobiology group. Huan is studying the on the Garner Valley data. She has started a lec- still miss him. Great Oxidation Event (~2.3 Ga) by analysis of turer position at UW-Platteville. The other proj- I have been working on two main projects S isotopes in Huronian sediments from Ontario, ect that took place throughout the spring and in the last year. The first is a theme issue of well known to White Lakers. Aki is examining summer was Lawrence Berkeley National Lab’s the journal Lithosphere (published by the Precambrian organic matter for C and N isotope (LBNL) project called kISMET (I’ll let you google Geological Society of America) on the Earth- ratios as a test of biogenicity and metabolism, it). Bezalel Haimson, two of his former PhD Scope Idaho-Oregon project. The UW-Madison including the famous Gunflint microfossils col- students, Moo Lee (Sandia National Laborato- component of the work was done by Nicole lected by Stanley Tyler who in one publication ries) and Tom Doe (Golder Associates) (Tom Braudy, Ad Byerly, and Tor Stetson-Lee, (Tyler and Barghoorn 1954) tripled the time received a joint PhD with Geoscience), new GLE and was based on earlier work by alumnus life was known on Earth from 540 to 1850 Ma. rock mechanics professor, Hiroki Sone, GLE Scott Giorgis. This special volume has been a (Continued, next page)

26 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison grad student Peter Vigilante, Neal Lord, and I The structure will be published in American ing during incorporation into mineral lattices. were involved with obtaining a stress measure- Mineralogist as a centennial paper. Graduate These experiments help inform his field studies ment by hydraulic fracturing at a depth of about Seungyeol Lee continues on understanding of Archean carbonate platforms which record 5000 feet in the former Homestake gold mine crystal structures and domain structures of very early development of life on earth. Gradu- in Lead, South Dakota. Today the mine is called ferric iron oxide /hydroxide nano-minerals. ate student Franklin Hobbs (co-advised by the Sanford Underground Research Facility Seungyeol’s recent paper about a new FeOOH Professor Izabela Szlufarska, Materials Science (SURF) as a number of physics experiments phase (proto-goethite, a precursor to goethite) and Engineering) continues on thermodynam- are taking place at the 4850-foot depth level. and preferential adsorption of arsenate anions ics and kinetics of Ca-Mg-ordering in dolomite Previously JoAnn Gage had conducted rock on proto-goethite surfaces was selected as a at low temperature. mechanics measurements at the 4100-foot “Highlights & Breakthroughs” paper in Ameri- In the past year, I worked on solving crystal depth level for her 2012 PhD thesis. can Mineralogist. The results of his study structures of nano-minerals (that never grow may impact the field of environmental science big, such as ferrihydrite) and intermediate pla- Huifang Xu as the approach will open new gateways to gioclase feldspars (between An25 and An75). Our Graduate students Yihang Fang and Shiyun examine adsorption processes on surfaces com- nano-mineral studies resulted in discovery of a Jin have finished their MS theses. Yihang posed of multiple previously unknown nano- new Fe2O3 mineral, luogufengite (see page 30). moved to University of Hawaii, and Shiyun size phases with different surface structures Our results from Z-contrast imaging and single continues on his PhD study. Yihang’s thesis is and adsorption properties. Graduate student crystal X-ray diffraction demonstrate phase about the correlation between dolomite and Nick Levitt (co-advised by Clark Johnson) transformation from disordered high albite microbial biomass in ancient and modern car- is using isotopes to study sediment records in structure to ordered modulated structure (e1) bonate rocks with alternating dolomite/calcite order to infer environmental conditions and with density modulation in Na-rich intermediate lamination. Shiyun’s thesis is about incommen- habitability of life. His recent work includes plagioclase via a modulated structure (e2) with- surately modulated structures of labradorite carbonate precipitation campaigns designed to out density modulation. New parameters like feldspars and their petrological implications. delineate formation rate boundaries between amplitudes of modulation waves in intermediate Shiyun has solved the enigma of labradorite equilibrium and kinetically controlled 13C-18O plagioclase will help us to quantify ordering structure that has puzzled mineralogists for bonding as well as Mg and Fe isotope partition- state that is related to cooling history of its host decades since it was first discovery in 1940. rock. l

Neogene lake (in Europe’s Pannonian Basin) Dana Geary Retires have demonstrated evolutionary trends and Charles Byers speciation events on a scale of fractions of a million years. Professor Dana H. Geary retired from teach- Dana has had a prolific teaching practice ing at the end of the 2015-16 academic year, in the department at all levels of instruction. her 30th on the UW campus. Dana, as she She taught the elementary non-major course, is known to everyone, is an invertebrate Evolution and Extinction, for her entire career, paleontologist, specializing in the evolution with great success and student acclaim. For of mollusks. geology majors, she initiated the Paleobiology A native Californian, Dana attended course, which brought in Zoology majors and UC Santa Barbara as an undergraduate, grad students as well, and she took over In- majoring in biology. She then trained in vertebrate Paleo when Professor Clark retired. geology as an M.S. student at the University For several iterations, she and Professor Byers of Colorado, where she completed a thesis collaborated on the graduate Paleoecology on the evolution of a bivalve, Pleuriocardia, class. Dana’s graduate students have worked from the Western Interior Basin, under the on phases of the Pannonian project, as well direction of Erle G. Kauffman (“Mr. Interior Dana Geary and her daughters Sarah and Molly, as on the Interior Cretaceous, Cenozoic strata Cretaceous”). Dana moved to Harvard for in Rocky Mountain National Park with Longs in the Caribbean, and on the local Wisconsin her Ph.D., working with Stephen J. Gould. Peak in the background. 2004. Ordovician. The problem of measuring exact rates Gould proposed in the 1970s? And how did In recent years, Dana was involved at the of morphological evolutionary change in the the rates of change seen in the fossil record fit campus level to organize the annual Darwin fossil record has a long pedigree. In the 1940s, into the NeoDarwinian synthesis of modern Day teach-in, where instruction and demonstra- the American paleontologist G.G. Simpson evolutionary theory? What was needed were tion about evolution are offered to students, examined Tertiary horse fossils over spans of detailed morphological data on a much shorter faculty, researchers, non-scientists, laypersons, tens of millions of years; he documented size time scale, in a circumscribed setting of known and children. increase in teeth and bones and interpreted it paleoecology: this was the approach Dana took In retirement, Dana is returning to Boulder, as slow, gradual evolution. But was the change in her dissertation research and has contin- the home of the Geological Society and where actually slow and continuous or did it fluctuate ued as a main theme throughout her career. her geological career began. l between quick bursts and periods of stasis, as Her many studies of the molluscan fauna of a

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 27 Slip–Sliding Away Luke Zoet The contributions of glaciers to sea-level rise depend mainly on the the ice slips over its base. speed at which ice is transported to the ocean. Fast moving glaciers Many of the glacial landforms located in Wisconsin such advance primarily by slipping over their bases, as ice both rides a as drumlins, eskers, till plains, tunnel channels and moraines deforming bed of sediment and/or slides over the bed. Subglacial offer a record of past glaciers. The fact that these landforms are erosion, deposition and landform development are also significantly abundantly available, accessible, and local makes the State of influenced by glacial slip. Although subglacial processes are a vital Wisconsin a great natural laboratory for glacier studies. Studying aspect of both glacial geology and glaciology, they are not well these deposits provides valuable insight into kinematics and understood and remain a key uncertainty in our knowledge of glaciers. dynamics of paleo glaciers, in turn helping us understand active My research primarily focuses on understanding glacier motion glaciers. To investigate these landforms, we have used GPR coupled through a combination of field observation, laboratory experiments, with litho-stratigraphic analysis to look into exposed drumlins and theoretical analysis. The focus of our group’s work sits at the in Iceland (Fig 3) and WI. We have also used LiDAR to map the intersection of glaciology and glacial geology as we use techniques and Wisconsin drumlin field to a higher precision than previously tools from both disciplines to explore glacier processes. possible, a project led by Nolan Barrette, an undergraduate Geoscience major. We plan to investigate the spacing and Glacial Field Observations: arrangement of the drumlins to better understand how the Green We conduct field work on active glaciers, and in doing so we largely use Bay Lobe (GBL) formed drumlins. Also, in collaboration with Elmo geophysical techniques to understand the mechanisms by which they Rawling of the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, deform, slide, erode and deposit. These techniques include ground we have begun a project using active seismic, passive seismic, and penetrating radar (GPR), passive seismic readings, global positioning GPR to investigate the large tunnel channels on the western margin systems (GPS), and satellite observations that help us develop an of the Green Bay Lobe. These geologic remnants of large subglacial understanding of the hidden processes at work below the glacier. drainage events can act as an analog to the drainage events that We have used these techniques in Iceland to study an active drumlin take place under Antarctica and Greenland. field below the ice led by graduate student Jacob Woodard (Fig 1), Modern day glaciers provide insight into subglacial processes in Antarctica to observe glacial seismicity that was modulated by daily as they occur, but we are only capable of observing their behavior ocean tides, and in Greenland to observe glacial seismicity led by over a relatively small area and short period of time. Glacial graduate student Ian McBrearty. In the past I have also worked in deposits capture the results of various processes that occurred the Svartisen subglacial laboratory, which is a truly unique facility that throughout long time periods, but lack the clarity afforded by consists of a ca. 1 km tunnel bored under a glacier in Norway that lets observing active glaciers. Through the combination of modern us access the base of the actual active glacier (Fig 2). From the base of glacier observation and glacial deposit analysis we are able to the glacier, instruments such as seismometers and custom drag plates expand both the spatial and temporal scale of our glacier process can be deployed and basal ice samples can be collected to measure how observations.

Fig 1. Jacob Woodard (red jacket) using a ground penetrating Fig 2. Collecting basal ice samples from the Svartisen subglacial radar (GPR) on the Icelandic glacier Múlajökull to image the laboratory beneath the Engabreen glacier in Norway. Photo, L. Zoet. subglacial drumlin field. Photo, L. Zoet.

28 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Laboratory and Theoretical Work based on field work. Experimental laboratories are labs in which set In the field, things can be confusing. I’m sure most geologists procedures have not been developed and each experiment and the have experienced this. There are so many processes at work instrumentation is designed from the ground up. At UW-Madison, simultaneously that it can be difficult to isolate the cause and we are building an experimental glacial lab. Currently, a large walk- effect of an observation. Because of the complicated nature of field in freezer (Fig 4) is near completion that will house several different data, our group often couples field observations with laboratory rigs for the sole purpose of testing and developing the constituent experiments, which can be better constrained, to explore the equations of subglacial processes and ice deformation. We plan to impacts of one process at a time. Bringing complicated systems into run the first set of experiments in the Fall of 2016, which will test the lab and breaking them down to their basic features allows us to how ice that includes debris deforms. This project is led by Alex test one variable at a time and to use those findings to validate or Horvath, a Materials Science Undergraduate. In addition, we are invalidate the theoretical underpinnings of the field. planning construction of a large ring-shear apparatus that is capable of Many scientists are drawn to the pursuit of glaciology and constraining the mechanics of stable glacier slip. A ring shear spins a glacial geology because of the field work, and rightfully so! large ring of ice over a stationary bed and measures the resistance of Glaciers produce some of the most beautiful terrain we encounter. the ice to sliding. Currently only one ring shear exists that is capable of However, there is nearly a complete lack of experimental experimentally studying glacier slip, but we hope to soon have similar laboratories to help substantiate what we observe and theorize capabilities at UW-Madison with modifications that will allow us to probe a different set of glacier slip questions. One of our lab’s main strengths will be the precision temperature control of the samples. We will be able to regulate the temperature of our ice to within 0.01 C. With this level of control, we will be able to keep our experiments near 0 C for months on end, which is necessary for simulating process at the base of fast-moving glaciers. Through combining experimental work with field work we hope to better understand subglacial processes. Ultimately, a better understanding of subglacial processes will lead to an ability to improve glacier flow models. Exciting times lie ahead for the ice group at UW-Madison. We are making great strides and having a great time along the way. l

Fig 3. Icelandic drumlin field. Top: Arial photo of the Múlajökull drumlin Fig 4. Freezer. Jacob Woodard sits in front of the freezer that is field in Iceland (drumlins are between the lakes). Photo by L. Zoet. being installed in 254 Weeks Hall, which will soon host a number Bottom: Grad student Ian McBrearty (left) and Luke Zoet in a pit dug of experimental rigs to constrain subglacial processes. into the drumlin to collect samples. Photo, Claus Thomsen. Photo, L. Zoet.

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 29

Luogufengite: A New Fe2O3 Mineral Huifang Xu Iron oxides have served mankind for centuries records paleomagnetism of volcanic rocks as painting materials and navigation devices. because of its large magnetic coercivity. This There are five known crystalline polymorphs of unique magnetic property may explain the α- Fe2O3 to date: hematite ( Fe2O3), ma- observed unusually high remanent magnetiza- γ ε ghemite ( -Fe2O3), luogufengite ( -Fe2O3), tion in some igneous and metamorphic rocks β ζ -Fe2O3 (synthetic), and -Fe2O3 (synthetic). and even Martian rocks. Some intergrowths of ε Luogufengite, -Fe2O3, is a new Fe2O3 magnetite with ilmenite exsolution lamellae or polymorph discovered in late Pleistocene hematite with magnetite lamellar precipitates basaltic scoria from the Menan Volcanic have luogufengite-like 2-D crystalline charac- Complex nearby Rexburg, Idaho (Fig. 1). It teristics with the doubled hexagonal packing is an oxidation product of Fe-bearing basaltic at the interface between cubic and hexagonal glass at high temperature and is associated structures. Luogufengite-like nano-domains at Fig. 1: A hand specimen of a scoria with luogufengite in the oxidized layers with maghemite and hematite. Luogufengite is the magnetite / hematite interface might be coating vesicle surfaces. a dark brown nano-mineral—an intermediate responsible for the large coer- polymorph between maghemite and hematite. cive field of lodestones (natural Synthetic luogufengite was also discovered in magnets) that are partially oxidized ancient Chinese black-glazed Jian wares. New magnetite with maghemite and experimental results from annealing nontronite hematite micro- and nano-precip- at high temperatures indicate that the stability itates. of luogufengite in an amorphous silica matrix is The mineral was named after size-dependent (Fig. 2). The difference among the Chinese mineralogist, Professor hematite, maghemite and luogufengite is the Luo Gufeng (罗谷风, 1933- ), packing of oxygen atoms. The difference in who has passionately taught oxygen packings results in dramatic changes in crystallography and mineralogy their magnetic properties. Non- magnetic he- at Nanjing University of China for matite has hexagonal closest packing (AB, 2-lay- more than 50 years. His textbook Fig. 2: A size-dependent phase map of Fe2O3 er repeating), soft magnetism maghemite has of “Introduction to Crystallogra- polymorphs. cubic closest packing (ABC, 3-layer repeating), phy” (3 editions) is widely used in colleges and universities in China. Prof. Luo and hard magnetism (i.e., with large magnetic and Geochemistry of China” (1986, 1st issue). was co-organizer of S.W. “Bull” Bailey’s Short coercivity) luogufengite has doubled hexagonal Three specimens of Luogufengite have been Course in Clay Mineralogy at Nanjing Univer- packing (ABAC, 4-layer repeating, more like a deposited in the collection of the UW Geology sity in 1985 (see Outcrop for 2014/15, p 12). mixed hexagonal and cubic packing). Museum and one will be sent to the Smithson- He wrote the summary of the short course and Luogufengite is an important mineral that ian. l reported in “Letters of Mineralogy, Petrology

At the 2016 Spring Awards Banquet in Varsity Hall, Union South:

Alumnae and BOV members Tina Grad student award winners Andria Professors Laurel Goodwin and Eric Nielsen and Liz Clechenko. Ellis and Hélène Le Mével. Roden. Photos, Neal Lord.

30 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Talk About a High-Pressure Work Environment… New Shocked Zircon Discoveries at Meteor Crater, Arizona, and Wisconsin’s Own Rock Elm Impact Structure

Aaron J. Cavosie* Few professional settings are free of occasional high-stress moments. For folks interested in planetary science and impact cratering, high- pressures caused by meteorite impact are where the action is. Shock waves generated when asteroids impact the Earth cause microscopic deformation microstructures in minerals such as zircon. Recent investigations of shocked zircon using electron backscatter diffraction on samples from the iconic Meteor Crater impact structure in Arizona, and from the Rock Elm impact structure in Wisconsin, have used mineral orientation data to reveal fundamental new insights into impact conditions. Rock Elm is a ~6 km diameter crater near Eau Claire that formed about 450 million years ago. The deeply eroded structure exposes shocked Cambrian Mt. Simon sandstone in the central uplifted area. In 2015, we discov- Figure 1. Backscatter electron image of a reidite-bearing shocked zircon from the Rock ered reidite, the ultra-rare high-pressure ZrSiO Elm impact structure, WI. A: Shocked zircon from the Mt. Simon Sandstone with reidite 4 needles, in black square, sitting on a human hair. B: Close-up of the reidite needles polymorph of zircon, in a sample of brecciated (Cavosie et al. 2015, Geology v. 43 p. 315-318). sandstone from the central uplift. Overnight Rock Elm became only the fourth crater on Earth where reidite has been reported, and remains the only known occurrence of rei- dite in a sandstone target rock; its presence required an increase of pressure estimates for exposed rocks. Moving to the desert southwest, Meteor Crater is a 1.2 km diam- eter crater that formed in northern Arizona about 49 thousand years ago. The impact shocked Permian Coconino sandstone, causing it to locally melt and vaporize, leaving behind pumice-like blocks of highly Figure 2. Electron backscatter diffraction images of a granular zircon from Meteor Crater, vesicular, white, melted-silica glass. In 2016, AZ. The left image (band contrast) shows the recrystallized zircon ‘bee-bees’. The right we studied a sample of the shock-melted image shows orientation, and identifies three main domains that record the former presence sandstone, and found that the zircon grains, of both twinning and reidite before the zircon recrystallized (Cavosie et al. 2016, Geology v. 44 p. 703-706). formerly detrital, underwent a series of transformations, including twinning and conversion to reidite, before and Hadean grains from the early Earth. Impacts influenced how soon recrystallizing into sub-micrometer ‘bee-bees’ of newly formed ‘granu- habitable conditions were established on the young Earth, so identi- lar’ zircon surrounded by SiO glass. Granular zircon provides the 2 fication of early shocked zircon has astrobiology applications, as they only record of the extreme conditions, including pressures in excess can be used to constrain models for the origin of life. l of 300,000 atmospheres and temperatures over 2000 °C, created on Earth’s surface by the impact event. Understanding the cryptic *The author received his PhD at UW in 2005 and is a faculty affiliate response of zircon to shock events is needed to interpret complicated collaborating in the Department’s NASA Astrobiology Institute. He is a zircon from other environments, such as the Moon, Mars, meteorites, Senior Research Fellow at Curtin University.

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 31 Emeritus Faculty News —2015-15 Mary Anderson 1999, I am now interested in transferring the as a very astute observer and collector of speci- In March, I went to Shenzhen, China, to chair remainder to anyone who has a good use for mens. Needless to say, many of his interpretations the first meeting of the advisory board for the it. This includes a very long run of the Journal have not stood the tests of time. For example new School of Environmental Science and of Paleontology as well as Paleoceanography, he endorsed Charles Lyell’s ingenious floating Engineering at SUSTech (Southern University of and the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. iceberg hypothesis to explain erratic boulders. Science and Technology). I and the other four Also, I have approximately 90 interesting and Especially important was his documentation of board members were guests of Dean Chunmiao significant theses and dissertations which I am evidence of the uplift of both the Atlantic and Zheng, one of our own hydrobadgers, who is reluctant to say good-bye to but which might Pacific coasts of Argentina and Chile indicated charged with establishing a powerhouse for edu- be useful in some archival collection or library. by raised, stair-stepped marine terraces. He cation and research in environmental science Any suggestions? All inquiries will be considered! explained these as by-products of the raising of and engineering at SUSTech. We had a lively, [email protected] the entire continent with the greatest uplift being informative and productive one-day board meet- along the Andes Mountains, which “float on a lake Robert H. Dott, Jr. ing. During the rest of my week-long visit I had a of molten stone double the size of the Black Sea.” It hardly seems possible that I retired from chance to tour the campus, meet the faculty and He inferred a subterranean communication of teaching 21 years ago. No wonder I am so students and also see the impressive new city of magma with some occasionally breaking through amazed at the many advances in our science Shenzhen as well as the nearby city of Guang- the crust along great fissures parallel to the since then. These are exciting times in the zhou. It was a memorable trip! ranges. He also discussed the effects of a severe Geosciences with so many important new fossil Even after a respite of one year, I am still earthquake at Concepcion, Chile in 1835, which discoveries and new findings from the ocean recovering from the ordeal of revising “Ap- he linked with volcanic eruptions in the Andes. basins to the earth’s core to say nothing of those plied Groundwater Modeling” for a 2nd edition He was always thinking in large-scale terms and from outer space. (finally published by Elsevier in August 2015, seeking unifying explanations. Our paper will be I still enjoy visiting the department occasion- with co-authors Bill Woessner and Randy Hunt). published in Earth Sciences History sometime in ally to hear visiting speakers and swap a few lies But I did manage one professional conference the next several months. with colleagues. It was especially satisfying to be (the annual National Academy of Engineering able to introduce my former student Professor Dave Mickelson meeting) in October in Washington, D.C. During Joanne Bourgeois (University of Washington- Another year older, but perhaps not wiser! No another trip to Washington, D.C., Charles and I that other UW) at the annual geo-banquet to big trips for Vin and I this year, but I did spend reconnected with Herb Wang (who is on leave receive the Distinguished Alumna Award. a week in Massachusetts, where I attended my doing a rotation with NSF) and his wife Rose- While I regard the Department’s current 50th Clark University reunion. Vin spent time in mary for a delightful dinner at a local restaurant. faculty and graduate students to be top notch, Knoxville being entertained by two of our grand- Charles and I are still trying to travel as much I am very distressed by the cutbacks in financial children (1 and 3 years old) when their parents as we can, often working in some opera (includ- support of the University by the current state were at work. I expect we will do another New ing in New York City, Toronto, San Francisco, government. Severe reductions in teaching England trip this fall. and Washington, D.C.) and theater (the Shake- assistantships have impacted the introductory I co-authored and then self-published a speare Festival in Stratford, Ontario). We are courses so that, for example, no field trip can be book in April on the history of the neighbor- also enjoying local music and theater events and offered in Geology 100. All across the campus hood where my cousin and I grew up. Self- our vacation house in Door County. faculty members are forced to do more with publishing was an interesting process—cheaper David L. Clark less and with essentially static salaries for several and faster than I had imagined! Google "From First, many thanks to those who contacted me, years. Raccoon Plain to Pakachoag Hill" to see a sum- made contributions to the Arthritis Founda- I still lead occasional little field trips and mary. The Wisconsin Geological and Natural tion, and showed other kinds of thoughtfulness give talks for lay groups. My most important History Survey has posted the attempt by John following the death of Louise in April. After 65 professional activity this year, however, was Attig and I to summarize Wisconsin glacial years of marriage, life is different, but I am fortu- the completion finally of a large manuscript advances and retreats in a map series (http:// nate to interact daily with family and friends and co-authored with my friend Ian W. D. Dalziel, wgnhs.uwex.edu/pubs/es056/). I also have kept hope to be continually involved with projects formerly a faculty colleague in our Department busy with a bluff erosion project and limited which will be interesting and useful. but now at the University of Texas. Our manu- consulting. This is driven by higher lake levels. In May, our small research group, Ray Ething- script is titled Charles Darwin The Geologist in Lake Michigan has not been this high since 1997 ton (U. Missouri), Scott Ritter, Bart Kowallis Southern South America. When Darwin sailed and the base of the bluffs is now being eroded (BYU) and I, published the results of a two year around the world in the HMS Beagle (1831- by waves in many places! If water level stays up, Ordovician project in Palaios (Conodont biostra- 1836), he was more a geologist than biologist. In there will be houses in danger a few years from tigraphy of the Ordovician Opohonga Limestone our researches in southern South America Ian now! in west-central Utah, v. 31, p. 221-230) and and I have followed Darwin’s footsteps and have I have enjoyed doing a seminar and field trip when/if the weather cools, Scott and I hope to seen the geology that he saw so we decided to with the new Quat generation of faculty, Luke expand on this study, perhaps early this fall. write this paper to compare what he reported Zoet and Shaun Marcott, and their students! Finally, although I distributed most of my and interpreted with what we know today for Congratulations to former Quats Bill Mode and personal library before leaving Madison in Tierra del Fuego and Patagonia. Darwin emerges Bill Simpkins on their prestigious awards—see the awards page for more details! l 32 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Wasatch-Uinta Field Camp Reunion 2016

Phil Brown

The 50th year of the award winning Wasatch- times happens with plans—we are at the mercy the firefighting efforts. Despite this setback Uinta Field Camp was marked with two gather- of the Earth—the last week of July this year Russell Shapiro (Cal State Chico) provided ings and celebrations. The first took place im- saw ~50% of the island subjected to wildfires. the participants with a full day of interesting mediately following the conclusion of camp on In particular the well exposed late Proterozoic science. Sit-down, on camera interviews were July 24-27 in the iconic Chateau Apres in Park snowball earth deposits of glacial diamictites done with willing participants and will be avail- City. Nearly 30 past students and present and and cap carbonates were inaccessible due to able in the (hopefully) near future after edit- past faculty and TAs ing. Tuesday the 26th shared memories and was a free day and stories from their years most of the attendees in Park City. Faculty took the opportu- from current consor- nity to visit Albion tium members (Illinois, Basin which was in full Duluth, Michigan State, bloom. Tuesday night UW) as well as previous we had a catered ban- members (Iowa and quet at the Chateau Minnesota-Twin Cities) that included all the were present represent- registered attendees, ing 45 of the 50 years significant others and starting with Jim Grant children in addition to (UMD) who taught 15 Ed and Sue Hosenfeld years including the first (the only owners the year, 1967. The faculty Chateau has ever had). included five of the We even convinced 10 present and past one of the ranchers camp Directors. The whose land we invade all-important teaching every year to come assistants were repre- to the event. Gordon sented by individuals Front porch stories: L-R: George McCormick (Iowa), Penny Morton (UMD), Phil Brown, Medaris and Phil Brown from MSU, Iowa and Kris Huysken (MSU), Tim Flood (MSU, St. Norbert), Tom Vogel (MSU, UW grad student represented the UW UW. Students from all in 1950s). faculty. Laura Strickland six schools that have (’94, TA ’97) and Allie provided most of the nearly Macho (’11, TA ’13-’16) were 2900 (60/y) campers were the UW TAs present. Other present. past UW students included Monday July 25th was Scot Moss (’84), Angeline set aside for planned field Catena (’09), Sydney Wallner trips. A trip to the Bingham (’11), Kyle Erdmann (’14) and copper mine (now owned Tom Vogel (MSU; UW M.S. ’61, by Rio Tinto) was organized PhD ‘63). by Laura Nuno (Iowa ‘09). The second event was the The second trip addressed five-school (Iowa, Illinois, the Late Pleistocene glacia- Mich. State, Duluth, UW) tion of the Wasatch and its group alumni gathering and connections to pluvial Lake Field Camp celebration that Bonneville by Univ. of Utah took place in Denver at GSA geologists Brendon Quirk September 26. Mugs, t- shirts and Jeff Moore (Thanks!!). and stickers were for sale The third trip was designed at the reception and can be to look at two geobiological ordered online at https://squa- targets on Antelope Island in reup.com/store/WUFC. l Wasatch-Uinta Field Camp reunion mugs, t- shirts and stickers and can be the Great Salt Lake. As some- ordered online at https://squareup.com/store/WUFC.

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 33 A Brief History of the Museum Professor Emeritus David L. Clark

I was reading the L&S Annual Review for 2015-16 and the article concerning the Geology Museum (p 44-45). The fact that the museum has acquired an endowment is mar- velous. (See editor's note.) When I was Chair, there was always some tension over funds for the museum. It took effort by many people, including Bob Dott and myself, to preserve the museum during and after the Science Hall days. As I read the L&S article, it reminded me of the Museum's pre-Klaus days and how the present Museum really got started. In the 1960’s, many of us were concerned that the Museum was on the verge of falling into oblivion. By 1970, the Museum consisted of several old display cases, plaster casts and the mastodon in that large second floor room outside the offices of Lewis Cline and Lowell Laudon in Science Hall. I contacted Assistant Dean Bob Doremus and asked him for some minor funding to fix it up. The idea was that "Geology Museum, Science Hall, early 1940's?" Photo from the museum archives. instead of several old display cases in a big room, that with a little effort and funds we the physical aspects of a Museum if there was in there and see the Science Hall project could put up a few partitions and wall exhibits not a full-time curator. Doremus agreed and through because ultimately it justified the that would include an entrance and an exit got authorization from Dean Kleene to hire a development of the present Museum. and a brief story so that folks wouldn't just full-time curator. Since Klaus retired, Richard Slaughter has wander around the old cases, but would My Fulbright experience in Germany a few expanded the program substantially in staff, be guided through an ordered sequence years earlier (1965-66) exposed me to the fact displays, collection and outreach. The Friends of minerals, rocks and fossils that would that most of the European departments had of the Geology Museum, begun by Klaus, has tell part of the story of geology. Although full-time, non-teaching curators. Thinking that grown to be an important, supporting arm some were critical of spending any money Europe would be a good place to look, I con- helping to make our museum such a great on Science Hall when a new building was in tacted our friend Dolf Seilacher at Tubingen asset to University outreach. For example, the hoped-for future, my idea was that all of and asked if he could suggest someone for every spring and fall dozens of yellow buses the partitions and new wall displays could the new position. As it turned out, the curator converge upon Weeks Hall bringing thou- be transferred to the new building and what at Tubingen at that time was Frank Westphal, sands of young school children to learn about at least a few of us hoped would be a new who had a brother, Klaus Westphal, who had the wonders of geology. l Museum. just finished his PhD. Klaus was interested Doremus approved the up-grade of the and the rest, as they say, is history. Klaus was Editor’s note: Dave and Sherry Lesar Museum. I was Chair in 1971 and requested a hired, took care of the revised Science Hall launched the museum's endowment with a full-time curator to take charge of the autho- Museum until Weeks Hall was functional, $2 million gift, which was matched with $1.5 rized Science Hall remodeling as well as help and then helped plan and supervise the new million from John and Tashia Morgridge. plan the Museum in the new building, which Museum, which took a while to get going, The tremendous generosity of these donors is by that time was looking real. I argued that it but today is flourishing and even has its own deeply appreciated and inspiring. was foolish to spend even a little money on endowment! It was a good decision to hang

34 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison Shedding Light in Dark Places Cave of the Mounds (located near Mt. Horeb in southwestern Wisconsin) has been a geo-tourism destination for 75 years and has partnered with the museum on educational and research endeavors in the past. This year Ian Orland and Rich Slaughter joined forces to collect, prepare and date speleothems from this National Historic Landmark. Their research is creating the premier paleoclimate record for Wisconsin and has spawned a project for incoming graduate student Cameron Batchelor. Many thanks to Brian Hess for his help cutting and polishing these priceless specimens. Diverse and Dazzling Additions Our collection continues to grow with the addition of interesting and unique pieces. At the Tucson Gem and Mineral Show in February, the Friends of the Geology Museum purchased a stunning specimen—a conglomerate made from the tusks and teeth from the semi-aquatic mammal, Desmostylus. We’ve begun receiving parts of a significant mineral donation from Tom Hudak. The highlights so far include a nine pound cluster of stibnite crystals and an unusual sulfur stalagmite. Museum personnel spend multiple days each spring Jerry Gunder- cultivating curiosity at Pope Farm Park. Each fourth grade class in the Middleton-Cross Plains School District makes a son continues year-end trip to learn about Wisconsin’s rich history during to bestow an all-day, outdoor field experience. wonderful fossils upon our collection—this year he donated Ordovician eurypterids with preserved cuticle. Most recently, a collection of enigmatic fossils entombed in Hixton Silicified Sandstone was given to the museum by Robert “Ernie” Boszhardt along with some large knapped pieces of the same stone. This orthoquartzite was prized by Paleo Indians for making knives and hide scrap- ers since it stayed sharper longer than other materials. On the Road While we are getting record traffic through the museum doors, we recognize that many people can’t make it here. In a concerted effort to take specimens and speakers on the road. We have traveled to a variety of venues from the local YWCA to nursing homes, gem and mineral shows to Madison’s Nerd Howdy pardners! The museum crew (Scott Hartman, Dave Night. A special highlight, 2016 marked our tenth year of providing program- Lovelace, Mel Reusche, Rich Slaughter, Tuan Syazana ming at Pope Farm Park in Middleton. In our tenure there we’ve talked to Tuan Ab Rashid, Brooke Norsted, Carrie Eaton, Lee over 3,000 fourth graders about Dane County’s Ice Age past. Special thanks Bongey) put on their best duds for this year’s Western- to Dave and Ruth Divine, Amy Cheng and Charles Sword for their themed Behind the Scenes Night. financial support in these outreach activities. l

http://geoscience.wisc.edu 2015-16 The Outcrop 35 Please consider making a gift for graduate student research support, the Field Camp scholarship fund for undergraduates, or to your favorite fund. 1215 West Dayton Street, 53706 UW FOUNDATION FUNDS Give online or make checks payable to the UW Foundation.

amount Fund Name Geoscience Annual Fund Geoscience Community Fund Geoscience Field Camp Fund Thank you for remembering us! Geoscience Student Field Experience Fund Robert and Nancy Dott Geoscience Fund Jane and Clarence Clay Geophysics Fund C. K. Leith Library Fund Charles Kenneth Leith Fund (structure) Eugene N. Cameron Scholarship Fund (economic geology, minerology, petrology, geochemistry) George J. Verville Award Fund in Geology and Geophysics (paleontology) George P. Woollard-­‐Sigmund I. Hammer Memorial Fund in Geology and Geophysics (geophysics) Hydrogeology Research Fund James D. and Stella M. Robertson Graduate Fellowship Fund James J. and Dorothy T. Hanks Memorial Fund in Geology (Best Geophysics Student Award) Jay C. Nania Endowed Graduate Support Fund (graduate student support) L. R. Laudon Geology and Geophysics Scholarship Fund (Outstanding Junior Major Award) Lewis Cline, Lloyd Pray, and Robert Dott Sedimentary Geology Field Fund Lloyd C. Pray and J. Campbell Craddock Fund (sed/structure, graduate student support) Mark and Carol Ann Solien Fund (graduate student support) Paleontology Program Fund in Geology Paull Family Undergraduate Scholarship Fund in Geology and Geophysics Sharon Meinholz Graduate Student Fund (student travel support) Shelburne Research Assistantship Fund (graduate student support ) Sturges "Bull" W. Bailey Scholarship Fund (minerology and petrology) Tyler-­‐Berg Teaching Assistant Fund in Geology and Geophysics (Outstanding TA Award) Geology Museum Field Experience Fund Geology Museum Fund Geology Museum Klaus Westphal Public Education Fund Gerald Gunderson Geology Museum Fund Sherry Lesar Distinguished Chair of Geological Wonder Fund

Your name Address Phone Email

http://geoscience.wisc.edu/geoscience/giving/

2016 Outcrop 36 Department of Geoscience • University of Wisconsin-Madison 6-Nov-2015, Dave Mickelson,Gordon Medaris, & 19-Feb-2016, Laura Webb, Univ. of Vermont, Slip- Speakers Bob Dott,UW-Madison, The Geology of Wiscon- pery when wet: Confessions of an intraplate fault September2015–May 2016 sin: 3 Billion Years of Earth History in 90 Minutes zone 13-Nov-2015, Matej Pec, Univ. of Minnesota, Experi- 26-Feb-2016, Pincelli Hull, Yale University, Resolv- 4-Sep-2015, Harold Tobin, UW-Madison, Departmen- mental Investigation of Reactive Melt Channel- ing pelagic dynamics in the Cenozoic tal Introduction ization in Partially Molten Rocks 4-Mar-2016, Pupa Gilbert, UW-Madison (Physics/ 11-Sep-2015, Peter Eichhubl, UT-Austin, Kinematics, 20-Nov-2015, Suzanne Anderson, UC-Boulder, The Chemistry/Geoscience), Formation mechanism rates, and mechanisms of opening-mode fracture long and the short of it: Frost cracking, debris of carbonate biominerals growth flows and critical zone architecture 11-Mar-2016, Maureen Raymo, Lamont-Doherty, 18-Sep-2015, Jon Husson, UW-Madison, Multi-proxy 4-Dec-2015, Ken Bradbury, WGNHS, Human viruses Sea Level During Past Warm Periods – Rethink- approaches to the study of the ancient carbon as tracers of recent groundwater and indicators ing the Bathtub Model cycle of human impact to groundwater systems 1-Apr-2016, Peter Clark (UW Climate Change 25-Sep-2015, Jeremy Shakun, Boston College, An 22-Jan-2016, Crystal Ng, , Univ. of Minnesota - Twin Symposium), Oregon State, Mechanism for Ant- 800-kyr Record of Global Surface Ocean d18O Cities, Field Applications of Hydrogeochemical arctice Ice-Sheet Contribution to Last Interglacial and Implications for Ice Volume-Temperature Modeling: Learning about interactions between Sea Level Coupling transport, geochemistry, and biology 8-Apr-2016, Sridhar Anandakrishnan, Penn State 9-Oct-2015, Jeff Freymueller, Univ. of Alaska- 29-Jan-2016, Carmala Garzione, Univ. of Rochester, University, Slip Slidin’ Away: glaciers and ice Fairbanks, World in Motion: Measuring Plate Spatial-temporal evolution of topography of the streams in the climate system Tectonics and Other Movements of the Earth in central Andean plateau and geodynamic implica- 22-Apr-2016, Holly Michael, Univ. of Delaware, Near Real Time tions for the growth of plateaus Coastal Groundwater Dynamics 16-Oct-2015, Josh Taron, USGS, Coupled Thermal- 5-Feb-2016, Peter Haeussler, USGS-Alaska, The 29-Apr-2016, Reed Burgette, New Mexico State Hydraulic-Mechanical-Chemical modeling of 1964 Great Alaska Earthquake, megathrust splay University, Ups and downs of the U.S. West natural and engineered systems faults, and focused exhumation in Prince William Coast: Implications of eight decades of vertical 23-Oct-2015, Dan Fornari, Woods Hole Oceano- Sound, Alaska deformation measurements for seismic hazards graphic Institute, The Global Mid-Ocean Ridge: 12-Feb-2016, Peter LaFemina, Penn State Univer- and sea level impacts Seafloor Volcanism and Hydrothermal Processes sity, Up, Up, and Away: Interactions between 6-May-2016, Slawek Tulaczyk, UC-Santa Cruz, 50 Years of Exploration, Discovery and Technical magmatism, tectonics and climate When ice motion goes seismic: Will rate-and- Innovation 15-Feb-2016, Ty Ferre (Darcy Lecturer), University state friction upstage 60-year-old viscous sliding 30-Oct-2015, Hiroki Sone, UW-Madison (GLE), Rock of Arizona, Seeing Things Differently: Rethinking laws in glaciological modelling? Mechanics and Geomechanics the Relationship between Data and Models

Faculty and Staff in the Department of Geoscience

Faculty Associated Faculty Emeritus Faculty Post Doctoral Staff Jean Bahr Kenneth Bradbury Mary Anderson Aaron Barth Ben Abernathy Ian Orland Philip Brown Eric Carson Charles Bentley Piyali Chanda S. Tabrez Ali Carol Ormand Michael Cardiff Michael Fienen Carl Bowser Noël Chaumard Shirley Baxa Lee Powell, emeritus Alan Carroll Dante Fratta Charles Byers Cecilia Cheung Brian Beard Aaron Satkoski Chuck DeMets Pupa Gilbert Nikolas Christensen Huan Cui Ninfa Bennington Mary Schumann Kurt Feigl Madeline Gotkowitz David Clark Andreas Hertwig John Czaplewski Maciej Sliwinski Laurel Goodwin Bezalel Haimson Robert Dott Jon Husson Céline Defouilloy Peter Sobol Clark Johnson David Hart Dana Geary Akizumi Ishida Mary Diman Michael Spicuzza D. Clay Kelly Randy Hunt Louis Maher Peng Li John Fournelle Michelle Szabo Shaun Marcott John Attig Gordon Medaris Jeremiah Marsicek Jane Fox-Anderson Bill Unger, emeritus Stephen Meyers David Krabbenhoft David Mickelson Zach Michaels Judy Gosse Xiangfang Zeng Shanan Peters Yan Luo Aurélien Moy Shaomei He Xinyuan Zheng Eric Roden Patrick McLaughlin Valerie Syverson Brian Hess Geology Museum Bradley Singer Elmo Rawling Randolph Williams Brian Jicha Carolyn Eaton Clifford Thurber James Robertson Andrew Zaffos James Kern Dave Lovelace Basil Tikoff Hiroki Sone Noriko Kita Brooke Norsted Harold Tobin, Chair Izabela Szlufarska Kouki Kitajima Richard Slaughter John Valley Jay Zambito Patrick Kuhl Klaus Westphal Herbert Wang Neal Lord Huifang Xu Yan Luo Geology Library Lucas Zoet Michael McClennen Marie Dvorzak Toby Lathrop