Sedig and Cameron Brown Conference Posterfinal

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Sedig and Cameron Brown Conference Posterfinal Exploring the Human Behavior Behind Biomolecular Data: the Role of Captive-Taking in Population Movement Jakob W. Sedig# and Catherine M. Cameron* 1) Introduction. In this poster, we explore the potential of biomolecular techniques (ancient DNA [aDNA] and Isotopic Data isotope analysis) to reveal the social processes behind the movement of people in the past. Drawing on • Data in Table 3 suggest that women tend to be far more mobile than men. Cameron’s extensive examination of ethnohistoric data on captivity, we realized that biomolecular data could • Patrilocality and female exogamy are the most common explanations offered by scholars for this pattern. allow us to access the occurrence of this practice in the past, and that it is likely an important factor in the We argue that captivity of women also contributed this discrepancy. migrations and population transformations recently identified through biomolecular techniques (Figures 1-3 Archaeological Total N Non- % Non- Total N Non- % Non- below). We therefore introduce captive-taking,Articleparticularly the coerced integration of non-local women into culture/location of Females local local Males local local Males a captor’s society through raiding, warfare, or “marriage,” as a possible explanation for some of the patterns isotopic study Females Females Males Reconstructingemerging from thebiomolecular Deep Populationstudies. HistoryThe goal of of this study is to provide a model that we believe will be Late Neolithic-Bronze Age Central and South America 81 LETTER RESEARCH useful for interpreting at least someRESEARCH ofARTICLEthe trends identified in new biomolecular data. Europe 36 17 47.22 34 3 8.82 Graphical Abstract Authors RESEARCH ARTICLE st ac60° These results support mostly different origins for Beaker-complex- Genome-wide 1 Millennium Germanic 0.04 Y-chromosome Cosimo Posth, Nathan Nakatsuka, associatedStepp eindividuals, with no discernible Iberia-related ancestry ancestry components Britain Continental haplogroup Earlyoutside Bronze of Iberia. Age Neolithic Beaker complex I2a R1b Iosif Lazaridis, ..., Lars Fehren-Schmitz, 4000 BC 55° Nearly complete turnover of ancestry in Britain 82 Johannes Krause, David Reich The genetic profile of British Beaker-complex-associated individ- Barbarians 9 5 55.56 13 2 15.38 uals (n = 37) shows strong similarities to that of central European Beaker-complex-associated individuals (Extended Data Fig. 3). This 0.02 Corded Ware observation is not restricted to British individuals associated with the 50° ‘All-Over-Cord’ Beaker pottery style that is shared between Britain and 3500 BC central Europe: we also find this genetic signal in British individu- Neolithic Correspondence als associated with Beaker pottery styles derived from the ‘Maritime’ 83 forms, which were predominant earlier in Iberia. The presence of Mogollon Pueblo Villages 43 26 60.47 30 14 46.67 [email protected] (C.P.), large amounts of steppe-related ancestry in British Beaker-complex- 45° associated individuals (Fig. 2a) contrasts sharply with Neolithic indi- [email protected] viduals from Britain (n = 51), who have no evidence of steppe genetic affinities and cluster instead with Middle Neolithic and Copper Age 3000 BC 0 (N.N.), populations from mainland Europe (Extended Data Fig. 3). A previ- Central European Corded ous study showed that steppe-related ancestry had arrived in Ireland 2450 BC 40° 2 [email protected] (D.R.) by the Bronze Age23; here we show that, at least in Britain, it arrived earlier in the Copper Age (which, in Britain, is synonymous with the Beaker period). 84-85 Among the continental Beaker-complex groups analysed in our data- Ware set, individuals from Oostwoud, the Netherlands, are the most closely 23 11 47.83 20 3 15.00 35° Anatolia Neolithic In Brief related to the large majority of Beaker-complex-associated individuals b −10° −5° 0° 5° 10° 15° 20° 25° –0.02 from southern Britain (n = 27). The two groups had almost identical France_MLN 4 steppe-related ancestry proportions (Fig. 2a), the highest level of shared genetic drift (Extended Data Fig. 6b) and were symmetrically related A large-scaleCzech_MN 2 analysis of ancient Principal component Mesolithic-Neolithic Danube 2 to most ancient populations (Extended Data Fig. 6a), which shows that Copper Age and Wales_N Early Bronze Age genomesScotland_N from Central and35 South they are likely derived from the same ancestral population with limited England_N 14 mixture into either group. This does not necessarily imply that the 4 Oostwoud individuals are direct ancestors of the British individuals, Hungary_LCA Europe 86 America yields insightsIberia_CA into the18 peopling but it does show that they were closely related genetically to the –0.04 Early Neolithic Gorges 3 population—perhaps yet to be sampled—that moved into Britain from 54 12 22.22 54 8 14.81 Corded_Ware_Czech continental Europe. of the Americas,Beaker-associated including four southward226 2000 BC Beaker-associated (published) 10 We investigated the magnitude of population replacement in 2 Hungary_BA 4 Britain with qpAdm by modelling the genome-wide ancestry of population spreadsEngland_CA_EBA and notable 25 Neolithic, Copper and Bronze EuropeAge individuals, including Beaker- Bell Beaker South-Central Scotland_CA_EBA 9 complex-associated individuals,Middle Neolithicas a mixture an ofd continental Beaker- population continuityPoland_BA in much3 of South Beaker-associatedcomplex-associated samplesCopper (using the Ag Oostwoude individuals as 1500 BC Czech_EBA 16 Central Europea surrogate) and the British Neolithic population (Supplementary Netherlands_BA 2 –0.06 Britain Information section 8). During the first centuries after the initial con- 87 America after arrival. Wales_CA_EBA 1 Southern Francetact, between approximately 2450 and 2000 bc, ancestry proportions Middle Bronze Europe 20 Northern Italywere variable (Fig. 3), which is consistent with migrant communities 22 12 54.55 38 20 52.63 England_MBA Age Wales_MBA 2 Iberia just beginning to mix with the previously established British Neolithic The Netherlands Scotland_MBA 4 population. After roughly 2000 bc, individuals were more homo- Scotland_LBA 5 Sicily geneous and possessed less variation in ancestry proportions and England_LBA 1 a modest increase in Neolithic-related ancestry (Fig. 3). This could 1000 BC Late Intermediate Period represent admixture with persisting British populations with high Late Bronze 5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 −0.03 levels−0.02 of Neolithic-related−0.010 ancestry or, alternatively, with0.01 incoming Age 800 BC continental populations with higher proportions of Neolithic-related Date (years BC) Principal component 1 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% ancestry. In either case, our results imply a minimum of 90 ± 2% Figure 3 | Population transformation in Britain associated with the 88 Figure 1 | Spatial, temporal and genetic structure of individuals in c, Principal componentlocal analysis population of 990 turnover present-day by the Middle west Bronze Eurasian Age (approximately Extended Data Figure 4 | Geographic distribution of archaeological ancestry during the Middle Neolithic 7,00025,000 years ago. c, Arrival of arrival of the Beaker complex. Modelling Neolithic, Coppercultures and Bronze and graphic illustration of proposed population movements / steppe ancestry in central Europe during the Late Neolithic ,4,500 years ago. Peru 1500–1000 bc), with no significant decrease observed in 5 samples 16 2 12.50 15 2 13.33 Age (including Beaker-complex-associated) individuals fromturnovers Britain discussedas a in the main text. a, Proposed routes of migration by early White arrows indicate the two possible scenarios of the arrival of Indo- this study. a, Geographic distribution of samples with new genome-wide individuals (grey dots),from with the previously Late Bronze published Age. Although (pale the yellow)exact turnover and rate and 1-3 Figures 1-3. Examples of data.population Random jitter was added fortransformations sites with multiple individuals. Map ornew large ancient samples-scale projected ontomigration the first two principal components.from ancientmixture of continental Beaker-complex-associatedDNA studies individualsfarmers (red) into and Europe ,9,00027000 years ago. b, Resurgence of hunter-gatherer European language groups. Symbols of samples are identical to those in Fig. 1. Highlights its geographic pattern await refinement with more ancient sam- the Neolithic population from Britain (blue). Each bar represents genome- data from the R package ‘maps’. b, Approximate time ranges for samples This figure is a close-upples, of ourExtended results imply Data that Fig. for individuals3a. See Methods from Britain for during and wide mixture proportions for one individual. Individuals are ordered d with new genome-wide data. Sample sizes are given next to each bar. abbreviations of populationafter the names. Beaker period, a very high fraction of their DNA derives chronologically and included in the plot if represented by more than Genome-wide analysis of 49 Central and South Americans 100,000 SNPs. Circles indicate the Y-chromosome haplogroup for male Hopewell Mid-continent from ancestors who lived in continental Europe before 2450 bc. An independent line of evidence for population turnover comes from individuals. G2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved up to 11,000 years old uniparental markers. Whereas Y-chromosome haplogroup R1b was as R1b-S116/P312. The widespread presence of the R1b-S116/P312
Recommended publications
  • A Famous Visitor Teresamanera in 1832 Charles Darwin Came Here to Lessed with Fertile Soil and Known to Us Only by Their Fossils
    Volume 29, Number 2 Center for the Study of the First Americans Department of Anthropology April, 2014 Texas A&M University, 4352 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4352 ISSN 8755-6898 World Wide Web site http://centerfirstamericans.org and http://anthropology.tamu.edu 6&7 Ancient DNA from bone proves ancestry of First Americans and Native Americans Child burials discovered decades ago on two continents had to wait for genome analysis to unlock their secrets. 16 Dating the earliest petroglyphs in North America in the Nevada desert Tufa deposits from Pyramid Lake and dry Winnemucca Lake give geochemist Benson and anthro- pologist Hattori a gauge for measuring the age of striking “pit and groove” rock carvings. these footprints adds a note of ur- gency to this story. Tracks of birds and footprints of Megatherium at the Pehuen Co site. A famous visitor TERESAMANERA In 1832 Charles Darwin came here to LESSED WITH FERTILE SOIL and known to us only by their fossils. At the investigate the legendary Monte Her- lush grasses, the Pampas of Argen- southern extremity of the Argentinean moso cliffs, whose sediments con- tina is perhaps best known for its Pampas plain lies a 30-km sector of the tain fossil remains of autochthonous cattle that supply beef to markets all over Atlantic coast whose soils have yielded South American fauna. His visit is re- the globe. The Pampas grasslands roll an extraordinary assemblage of fossils called by Teresa Manera, professor at southward from the Rio de la Plata to the that give us a snapshot of the changing the National University of the South banks of the Rio Negro, westward toward paleoenvironment at four significant mo- in Bahía Blanca and honorary direc- the Andes, and northward to the southern ments over the past 5 million years, from tor of the Charles Darwin Municipal parts of Córdoba and Santa Fe provinces, the upper Tertiary through the arrival of Natural Science Museum.
    [Show full text]
  • Epipaleolithic and Neolithic
    1/22/2018 Near Eastern animal domestication Picking the bones out: ancient goat genomics of the Fertile Crescent. Dan Bradley Trinity College Dublin Zeder et al 2008 Vigne, 2009 -Identified from: size change, male kill-off, increased % of total species, appearance outside wild range, changes in diet (stable isotopes) - Variability in package prior to 7500 BC - Early appearances in Cyprus Singularity in the Upper Euphrates or a Millennium of exploration? The petrous bone as aDNA time capsule. Animal Petrous Vs other bone yields % endogenous80 reads70 60 50 40 non-petrous 30 petrous 20 10 0 0 5000 10000 Age of sample, BP petrous median 35% endogenous Genetics – asserts alternately singular and dual domestications Other bones median 0.5% endogenous Whole mitochondrial genomes unveil the impact of domestication on goat matrilineal variability Licia Colli et al. 2016 BMC Genomics 83 Ancient goat whole mtDNA genomes, 51 genome-scale data. Epipaleolithic and Neolithic Kevin Daly 1 1/22/2018 Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, and Medieval Outgroup f3 estimates of shared drift of D statistics: ancient and modern goat populations with: a. western Neolithic genomes, b. b. Levant Neolithic genomes c. c. eastern Neolithic genomes clade1 clade2 introgressor Out Neolithic selective sweeps: Fst distributions of 50kb genome windows between modern bezoar and a. Neolithic western and b. Neolithic eastern populations. ANGSD, genotype likelihood approach, 10 ancient genomes with >2X coverage Divergence, highest 0.1% Fst values Lowest 5% theta ratio: Neolithic/wild
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Cattle Genomics, Origins, and Rapid Turnover in the Fertile Crescent Marta Pereira Verdugo, Victoria E
    Ancient cattle genomics, origins, and rapid turnover in the Fertile Crescent Marta Pereira Verdugo, Victoria E. Mullin, Amelie Scheu, Valeria Mattiangeli, Kevin G. Daly, Pierpaolo Maisano Delser, Andrew J. Hare, Joachim Burger, Matthew Collins, Ron Kehati, et al. To cite this version: Marta Pereira Verdugo, Victoria E. Mullin, Amelie Scheu, Valeria Mattiangeli, Kevin G. Daly, et al.. Ancient cattle genomics, origins, and rapid turnover in the Fertile Crescent. Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2019, 365 (6449), pp.173-176. 10.1126/science.aav1002. hal-02188455 HAL Id: hal-02188455 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02188455 Submitted on 9 Jan 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. date from Mesolithic to early Islamic periods, and despite poor preservation, which is typical of the region, we obtained an average genome coverage of 0.9× (table S1). Ancient cattle genomics, origins, and The pattern of genetic variation in extant cat- tle is well established. European B. taurus , rapid turnover in the Fertile Crescent West African B. taurus , and B. indicus of South Asian origin represent three distinct apices in Marta Pereira Verdugo1* , Victoria E.
    [Show full text]
  • The Anzick Children Laid to Rest
    Volume 30, Number 2 ■ April, 2015 The Anzick Children laid to rest Tribal representatives witness Sarah Anzick bearing the casket containing the remains of two Early American Center for the Study of the First Americans children to a burial crypt on the Anzick farm in Montana Department of Anthropology where they were discovered in 1968. DNA analysis of Texas A&M University one child, found buried with Clovis artifacts, revealed 4352 TAMU that his extended family were ancestors of 80% of all College Station, TX 77843-4352 Native Americans. Dr. Anzick’s son Benjamin is to her www.centerfirstamericans.com right. See the story on page 11. Photo by Shawn Raecke he Center for the Study of the First Americans fosters research and public T interest in the Peopling of the Americas. The Center, an integral part of the Department of Anthropology at Texas A&M University, pro motes inter disciplinary scholarly dialogue among physical, geological, biological and social scientists. The Mammoth Trumpet, news magazine of the Center, seeks to involve you in the peopling of the Americas by report- ing on developments in all pertinent areas of knowledge. Join in the Search for the First Americans! Become a member of the Center for the Study of the First Americans on Center publications plus additional benefits according to the level of and explore the origin, lifeways, artifacts, and other aspects of the membership support you choose. Don’t miss out on the latest breaking earliest inhabitants of the Americas. As a Center member you will news and information about the Ice Age colonizers of the Americas while receive a 1-year subscription to Mammoth Trumpet and discounts playing a vital role in education and research pursued by the Center! Membership Levels To Join or Renew Core (regular) 1-year membership includes: Select a membership level: Core, Sustainer, or Impact.
    [Show full text]
  • Sanger Whistle-Blowers Dispute Inquiry Findings
    NEWS IN FOCUS despite the great geographical distances between them, Willerslev says, pointing to a rapid popu- lation expansion from Alaska. “As soon as they get south of the continental ice caps, they’re exploding and occupying the land,” he says. An independent team led by David Reich, a population geneticist at Harvard Medi- cal School in Boston, Massachusetts, also found evidence1 for a rapid expansion into South America, through analysing 49 ancient genomes from Central and South Americans. Both teams documented multiple later human migrations into South America. Reich’s group found, for instance, that the genetic signal CAROLINA BIOLOGICAL SUPPLY CO./VISUALS UNLIMITED/SPL CO./VISUALS SUPPLY CAROLINA BIOLOGICAL of the earliest inhabitants — closely related to the Anzick boy — had largely vanished from later South Americans, suggesting that different An arrowhead that belonged to people associated with the Clovis culture, early settlers in the Americas. groups had by then moved in from the north. Potter says that the main conclusions of the carrying artefacts, such as sophisticated pro- the common ancestor of those two groups split two papers are broadly consistent. “Complex jectile points, from a culture known as Clovis from East Asians some 25,000 years ago, as sci- and realistic are the two adjectives I would use,” began to populate the interior of North America entists established earlier this year by sequenc- he says. about 13,000 years ago. For decades, scientists ing the genome of 11,500-year-old human Even with dozens more newly discovered thought that people associated with this culture remains from Alaska5.
    [Show full text]
  • Genomic Study of the Ket: a Paleo-Eskimo-Related Ethnic Group with Significant Ancient North Eurasian Ancestry
    Genomic study of the Ket: a Paleo-Eskimo-related ethnic group with significant ancient North Eurasian ancestry Pavel Flegontov1,2,3*, Piya Changmai1,§, Anastassiya Zidkova1,§, Maria D. Logacheva2,4, Olga Flegontova3, Mikhail S. Gelfand2,4, Evgeny S. Gerasimov2,4, Ekaterina E. Khrameeva5,2, Olga P. Konovalova4, Tatiana Neretina4, Yuri V. Nikolsky6,11, George Starostin7,8, Vita V. Stepanova5,2, Igor V. Travinsky#, Martin Tříska9, Petr Tříska10, Tatiana V. Tatarinova2,9,12* 1 Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic 2 A.A.Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation 3 Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budĕjovice, Czech Republic 4 Department of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation 5 Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russian Federation 6 Biomedical Cluster, Skolkovo Foundation, Skolkovo, Russian Federation 7 Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russian Federation 8 Russian Presidential Academy (RANEPA), Moscow, Russian Federation 9 Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA 10 Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal 11 George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA 12 Spatial Science Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA *corresponding authors: P.F., email [email protected]; T.V.T., email [email protected] § the authors contributed equally # retired, former affiliation: Central Siberian National Nature Reserve, Bor, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russian Federation. Abstract The Kets, an ethnic group in the Yenisei River basin, Russia, are considered the last nomadic hunter-gatherers of Siberia, and Ket language has no transparent affiliation with any language family.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Cattle Genomics, Origins, and Rapid Turnover in the Fertile Crescent
    This is a repository copy of Ancient cattle genomics, origins, and rapid turnover in the Fertile Crescent. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/149232/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Verdugo, Marta Pereira, Mullin, Victoria E, Scheu, Amelie et al. (38 more authors) (2019) Ancient cattle genomics, origins, and rapid turnover in the Fertile Crescent. Science. pp. 173-176. ISSN 0036-8075 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav1002 Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Title: Ancient cattle genomics, origins and rapid turnover in the Fertile Crescent Authors: Marta Pereira Verdugo1†, Victoria E. Mullin1,2†, Amelie Scheu1,3†, Valeria Mattiangeli1, Kevin G. Daly1, Pierpaolo Maisano Delser1,4, Andrew J. Hare1, Joachim Burger3, Matthew J. Collins5,6, Ron Kehati7, Paula Hesse8, Deirdre Fulton9, Eberhard W. Sauer10, Fatemeh A. Mohaseb12,13, Hossein Davoudi13,14,15, Roya Khazaeli13, Johanna Lhuillier16, Claude Rapin17, Saeed Ebrahimi18, Mutalib Khasanov19, S.
    [Show full text]
  • Bacteria Recycle Broken DNA 18 November 2013
    Bacteria recycle broken DNA 18 November 2013 Bacteria recycle broken DNA that bacteria can take bacteria's genomes even after thousands of years. up small as well as large pieces of old DNA from This is the first time a process has been described this scrapheap and include it in their own genome. which allows cells to acquire genetic sequences This discovery may have major consequences – from a long gone past. We call this phenomenon both in connection with resistance to antibiotics in Anachronistic Evolution – or Second-hand hospitals and in our perception of the evolution of Evolution. Professor Eske Willerslev from the life itself. Centre for GeoGenetics at the Natural History Museum of Denmark is the leader of the project. He Our surroundings contain large amounts of says: strongly fragmented and damaged DNA, which is being degraded. Some of it may be thousands of That DNA from dead organisms drives the years old. Laboratory experiments with microbes evolution of living cells is in contradiction with and various kinds of DNA have shown that bacteria common belief of what drives the evolution of life take up very short and damaged DNA from the itself. environment and passively integrate it in their own genome. Furthermore this mechanism has also Furthermore old DNA is not limited to only returning been shown to work with a modern bacteria's microbes to earlier states. Damaged DNA can also uptake of 43.000 years old mammoth DNA. The create new combinations of already functional results are published now in the scientific journal sequences. You can compare it to a bunch of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences bacteria which poke around a trash pile looking for (PNAS).
    [Show full text]
  • Frantz Et Al 2019 PNAS Pigs
    This is a repository copy of Ancient pigs reveal a near-complete genomic turnover following their introduction to Europe. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/150689/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Frantz, Laurent A F, Haile, James, Lin, Audrey T et al. (97 more authors) (2019) Ancient pigs reveal a near-complete genomic turnover following their introduction to Europe. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. pp. 17231-17238. ISSN 1091-6490 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1901169116 Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence. This licence allows you to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even commercially, as long as you credit the authors for the original work. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ 1 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES: Anthropology 2 3 Ancient pigs reveal a near-complete genomic turnover following their introduction to 4 Europe 5 6 Authors 7 Laurent A.F. Frantz1,2,a,*, James Haile2,*, Audrey T. Lin2,3,*, Amelie Scheu4, Christina Geörg4, 8 Norbert Benecke5, Michelle Alexander6, Anna Linderholm2,7, Victoria E. Mullin8,9, Kevin G. 9 Daly9, Vincent M. Battista10, Max Price11, Kurt J. Gron16, Panoraia Alexandri12, Rose-Marie 10 Arbogast13, Benjamin Arbuckle14, Adrian Bălășescu15, Ross Barnett16, László Bartosiewicz17, 11 Gennady Baryshnikov18, Clive Bonsall19, Dušan Borić20, Adina Boroneanț15, Jelena 12 Bulatović21, Canan Çakirlar22, José-Miguel Carretero23, John Chapman16, Mike Church16, 13 Richard Crooijmans24, Bea De Cupere25, Cleia Detry26, Vesna Dimitrijevic27, Valentin 14 Dumitrașcu12, Louis du Plessis3, Ceiridwen J.
    [Show full text]
  • Genomes of Pleistocene Siberian Wolves Uncover Multiple Extinct Wolf Lineages
    Report Genomes of Pleistocene Siberian Wolves Uncover Multiple Extinct Wolf Lineages Graphical Abstract Authors Jazmı´n Ramos-Madrigal, Mikkel-Holger S. Sinding, Christian Carøe, ..., Anders J. Hansen, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Shyam Gopalakrishnan Correspondence [email protected] In Brief Ramos-Madrigal et al. sequence the genomes of four Pleistocene Siberian wolves, two of which have divergent cranial morphologies. These canids represent multiple extinct lineages that dwelled in Siberia >50 ka ago and at least until 14.1 ka ago and that contributed to the genetic ancestry of arctic dogs and some East Asian wolves. Highlights d Pleistocene Siberian wolves represent multiple extinct evolutionary lineages d Pleistocene wolves share ancestry with arctic dogs and some East Asian wolves d A Paleolithic dog specimen is genetically similar to other Pleistocene wolves Ramos-Madrigal et al., 2021, Current Biology 31, 1–9 January 11, 2021 ª 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.10.002 ll Please cite this article in press as: Ramos-Madrigal et al., Genomes of Pleistocene Siberian Wolves Uncover Multiple Extinct Wolf Lineages, Current Biology (2020), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.10.002 ll OPEN ACCESS Report Genomes of Pleistocene Siberian Wolves Uncover Multiple Extinct Wolf Lineages Jazmı´n Ramos-Madrigal,1,2,26 Mikkel-Holger S. Sinding,1,3,4,5,6,26 Christian Carøe,1 Sarah S.T. Mak,1,2 Jonas Niemann,1 Jose A. Samaniego Castruita,1 Sergey Fedorov,7 Alexander Kandyba,8 Mietje Germonpre, 9 Herve Bocherens,10,11 Tatiana R.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient DNA Tracks Migrations Around Americas Lizzie Wade
    For millennia, people on the Mongolian steppes have HUMAN EVOLUTION milked their animals despite being lactose intolerant. away the soil along with pot fragments and Ancient DNA tracks trash pits, archaeological evidence for diet is scarce. So Warinner’s Max Planck colleague Shevan Wilkin took dental calculus—the migrations around Americas hard plaque that builds up on teeth—from nine skeletons and tested it for key proteins. Trove of new samples reveals expansion of Clovis hunters The calculus yielded milk proteins from and mysterious 9000-year-old population turnover sheep, goats, and bovines such as yak or cow. Yet DNA from teeth and leg bones showed the herders were lactose intolerant. And they By Lizzie Wade Fairbanks. Prior to these studies, only six carried only a trace of DNA from the Yam- genomes older than 6000 years from the naya, the team reports this week in the Pro- or decades, scientists could describe Americas had been sequenced. As a result, ceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. the peopling of the Americas only in says Jennifer Raff, an anthropological ge- “They’re exploiting these animals for dairying broad strokes, leaving plenty of mys- neticist at the University of Kansas in Law- even though they’re not lactase persistent,” teries about when and how people rence, “The [genetic] models that we’ve Collins says. spread across the continents. Now, been using to explain the peopling of the That disconnect between dairy and DNA state of the art ancient DNA meth- Americas have always been oversimplified.” Downloaded from isn’t limited to Mongolia.
    [Show full text]
  • The Anzick Site: Cultural Balance and the Treatment of Ancient Human Remains (Toward a Collaborative Standard)
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2015 THE ANZICK SITE: CULTURAL BALANCE AND THE TREATMENT OF ANCIENT HUMAN REMAINS (TOWARD A COLLABORATIVE STANDARD) Samuel S. White V University of Montana - Missoula Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation White, Samuel S. V, "THE ANZICK SITE: CULTURAL BALANCE AND THE TREATMENT OF ANCIENT HUMAN REMAINS (TOWARD A COLLABORATIVE STANDARD)" (2015). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 4388. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/4388 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE ANZICK SITE: CULTURAL BALANCE AND THE TREATMENT OF ANCIENT HUMAN REMAINS (TOWARD A COLLABORATIVE STANDARD) By Samuel Stockton White V B.A. Anthropology, University of Montana, Missoula, Mt, 2013 Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology, Cultural Heritage The University of Montana Missoula, MT May 2014 Approved by: Sandy Ross, Dean of The Graduate School Graduate School Dr. Douglas H. MacDonald, Chair Anthropology Dr. Anna M. Prentiss Anthropology Dr. Steven D. Sheriff Geosciences White, Samuel Stockton V, M.A. May 2015 Major Anthropology The Anzick Site: Cultural Balance and the Treatment of Ancient Human Remains (Toward a Collaborative Standard) Chairperson: Dr.
    [Show full text]