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Maritime Meteo News 5/2017 DER WETTERLOTSE MARITIME METEO NEWS IN DIESER AUSGABE | IN THIS ISSUE Seite | Page Die Witterung in den deutschen Küstengebieten 2 - 7 im September und Oktober 2017 S. Haeseler Der Untergang der „Pamir“ | The loss of the Pamir 8 - 12 Th. Ruppert Temperatur- und Niederschlagswerte von Hafenstädten weltweit 13 - 14 im September und Oktober 2017 Temperature and Precipitation Values of Ports around the World in September and October 2017 Temperatur, Niederschlag und Luftdruck im Bereich des Nordatlantiks 15 - 17 im September und Oktober 2017 Temperature, Precipitation and Air Pressure in the North Atlantic Area in September and October 2017 Ch. Lefebvre Die Wirbelsturmsaison 2017 im Nordatlantik 18 - 20 The North Atlantic hurricane season 2017 S. Haeseler / Ch. Lefebvre Hurrikan OPHELIA im Oktober 2017 über dem Nordatlantik 21 - 31 Hurricane OPHELIA in October 2017 over the northeastern Atlantic S. Haeseler Beobachtungseingang im September und Oktober 2017 32 - 35 Receipt of Observations in September and October 2017 Impressum 36 MARITIME METEO NEWS 5/2017 Die Witterung in den deutschen Küstengebieten September 2017 Der September fiel an den deutschen Küsten geringfü- Die Sonnenscheindauer lag zwischen 105 und 135 gig wärmer aus als im Mittel. Tageshöchsttemperatu- Stunden. Damit wurden die Sollwerte meist nicht ren von 20 °C und mehr waren jedoch die Ausnahme. erreicht, sondern bis um 20 % unterschritten. Insbesondere an der Nordsee und der westlichen Ostsee wurde mehr Niederschlag verzeichnet als In der Zeit vom 6. bis 15. September gab es meist üblich. Am Monatsanfang setzte sich von Westen her Wind mit stürmischen Böen der Stärke 8 bis 9 Bft. Am zunächst Hochdruckeinfluss durch, wobei die Tempe- 13. September sorgte das Sturmtief SEBASTIAN raturen zum Teil die 20-Grad-Marke überschritten. jedoch verbreitet für Böen der Stärke 10 und 11 Bft Aber bereits am 5./6. gab es einen Wetterumschwung. und vereinzelt auch Orkanböen (12 Bft), beispielsweise Das Randtief eines ausgedehnten Tiefdrucksystems in St. Peter-Ording (128,9 km/h) und auf Helgoland mit Zentraltief bei Island zog über die westliche (132,8 km/h). Ostsee und sorgte für ergiebige Niederschläge und kühleres Wetter. Weitere Tiefdruckgebiete mit ihren Ostsee Ausläufern bestimmten noch bis zum 19. September Bei Monatsmitteltemperaturen zwischen 13 und 15 °C das Wettergeschehen. Den ersten Herbststurm gab es war der September bis zu knapp 1 °C wärmer als im dabei am 13. September, als Sturmtief SEBASTIAN Mittel. Die Tagestemperaturen blieben meist unter von den Britischen Inseln über die Nordsee und 20 °C. Nur vereinzelt erreichten sie 20 bis 22 °C, in Südskandinavien in Richtung Nordosteuropa zog. Kiel bis nahezu 24 °C. Sommertage (Maximum der SEBASTIAN löste Böen bis Orkanstärke aus und Lufttemperatur von 25 °C und mehr), von denen im verursachte große Schäden. Deutschlandweit kamen Durchschnitt bis zu einer auftritt, wurden nicht durch den Sturm mehrere Menschen ums Leben. In registriert. Eine besonders kühle Phase stellte sich in der letzten Monatsdekade nahm dann wieder Hoch- der Woche nach Monatsmitte ein. An mehreren Tagen druckeinfluss zu. Die Temperaturen blieben aber, mit verweilten die Temperaturen unter 17 °C und die Ausnahme des 29. Septembers, meist unter 20 °C. nächtlichen Tiefstwerte sanken vielfach unter 10 °C, regional sogar unter 5 °C. [Die vergleichenden Angaben im Text beziehen sich auf die international gültige Referenzperiode 1961- Im September wurden verbreitet Monatsniederschlä- 1990.] ge zwischen 35 und 80 mm verzeichnet. An der westlichen Ostseeküste ergaben sich damit Nieder- Nordsee schlagsüberschüsse bis um 40 %, im Osten dagegen Die Monatsmitteltemperaturen bewegten sich zwi- Defizite bis um 20 %. Die ergiebigsten Tagesnieder- schen 13,5 und 15,5 °C und damit bis zu knapp 1 °C schläge brachte das oben erwähnte Randtief am 6. über dem Mittel der Jahre 1961-1990. Die Tages- September mit vielfach 10 bis 30 mm Regen. höchsttemperaturen lagen überwiegend zwischen 15 und 19 °C. Werte zwischen 20 und 22 °C wurden nur Mit 110 bis 165 Sonnenstunden lag deren Anzahl vom 3. bis 5. und am 29. September gemessen. Som- verbreitet unter dem Soll. Die höchsten Defizite von mertage (Maximum der Lufttemperatur von 25 °C und bis zu 30 % gab es östlich von Rügen. mehr), von denen gebietsweise einer erwartet wird, gab es somit nicht. Besonders stürmisch war es am 13. September, als durch Sturmtief SEBASTIAN Böen bis 10 Bft ausgelöst Mit Monatsniederschlägen von 95 bis 140 mm war es wurden. Ansonsten wurden nur an wenigen Tagen verbreitet zu nass. Örtlich fiel mehr als das Doppelte regional Sturmböen von 8 bis 9 Bft verzeichnet. der Monatsmittel. Insbesondere vom 5. bis 16. sowie am Monatsende wurden vielfach Tagesniederschläge S. Haeseler von 10 bis 20 mm verzeichnet, vereinzelt sogar bis 40 mm. 2 MARITIME METEO NEWS 5/2017 September 2017 Lufttemperatur Niederschlag Wind (10-Minuten-Mittel) Nebel Gewitter Station Mittel in °C Höhe in mm Mittel Z.d.T. Bft. ≥6 Z.d.T. Bft. ≥8 Zahl der Tage Zahl der Tage aktuell Norm aktuell Norm in kn aktuell Norm aktuell Norm aktuell Norm aktuell Norm Nordseestationen Norderney 14.8 14.5 123 72.2 9.6 8 11.1 2 2.2 7 2.6 // 2.9 Helgoland 15.4 14.9 154 76.0 14.6 14 13.3 2 1.6 7 1.3 // 3.0 St. Peter-Ording 14.4 13.9 108 82.2 11.2 11 5.3 1 0.9 10 4.0 // 2.3 Ostseestationen Fehmarn 14.6 13.9 67 52.5 10.9 7 7.9 1 1.1 7 1.9 // 1.5 Boltenhagen 13.9 13.7 66 49.2 8.8 2 6.4 0 0.5 13 2.9 // 2.3 Arkona 14.1 13.6 40 50.9 12.0 14 15.1 1 3.6 6 2.8 // 2.1 Z.d.T.=Zahl der Tage; Norm = vieljähriger Mittelwert 1961-1990; // = keine Meldung Oktober 2017 Lufttemperatur Niederschlag Wind (10-Minuten-Mittel) Nebel Gewitter Oktober 2017Station Mittel in °C Höhe in mm Mittel Z.d.T. Bft. ≥6 Z.d.T. Bft. ≥8 Zahl der Tage Zahl der Tage in kn Der Oktober erwies sichaktuell als sehrNorm milderaktuell undNorm zu nasseraktuell NordseeNorm aktuell Norm aktuell Norm aktuell Norm Herbstmonat mit meist weniger Sonnenschein alsNordseestationen im Die Monatsmitteltemperaturen lagen zwischen 12 und Mittel. HäufigNorderney überquerten 13.4 Ausläufer 10.8 106 atlantischer 80.2 15.9 1514 °C 10.7 und somit 5 um2.5 2 bis 0 3,5 5.2°C über // dem 2.4 Mittel der TiefdruckgebieteHelgoland den Norden 13.7 Deutschlands, 11.7 129 81.5 die 20.2 23Jahre 17.0 1961-1990. 6 3.2Die Tageshöchsttemperaturen 3 2.6 // 2.4 niederschlagsreichesSt. Peter-Ording und 12.9 teils 10.1 stürmisches 161 93.7 Wetter 16.5 mit 17erreichten 4.9 meist 4 0.9Werte 15von 12 6.7 bis 18 //°C. Wärmer 1.5 sich brachten. Mehrere weitgehend trockene TageOstseestationen gab wurde es am 15. und 16. Oktober, als die Temperatu- es unter HochdruckeinflussFehmarn 12.5 nur 10.1 um die 80 Monatsmitte. 45.5 15.4 17ren regional 8.3 3 bis auf1.3 21 °C 8 anstiegen. 4.7 //Eine 0.4 kühle Phase Die TemperaturenBoltenhagen überschritten 11.9 9.9 am 15./16. 109 38.5 Oktober 13.7 4gab es8.4 am Monatsende, 2 0.7 14als im 5.9 Einflussbereich // 0.3 arkti- bei Zufuhr warmerArkona Luftmassen 11.6 9.9 aus südwestlichen 77 44.1 16.4 20scher 16.5 Meeresluft 4 4.4 die Tageshöchsttemperaturen 12 5.3 // 0.5 nur Richtungen gebietsweise sogar die 20-Grad-Marke. noch 10 bis 13 °C erreichten und die nächtlichen Z.d.T.=Zahl der Tage; Norm = vieljähriger Mittelwert 1961-1990; // = keine Meldung Für kräftigen Sturm sorgte am 5. Oktober Sturmtief Tiefstwerte verbreitet in den einstelligen Bereich XAVIER, das unter Intensivierung von den Britischen sanken. In Bodennähe wurde vereinzelt leichter Frost Inseln über Norddeutschland nach Osteuropa zog. An verzeichnet. der Nordseeküste traten dabei Böen bis 11 Bft auf. Stürmisches Wetter mit Böen bis 10 Bft gab es dann Der Oktober fiel an der deutschen Nordseeküste zu wieder am 11./12. Oktober im Bereich eines Tiefdruck- nass aus. Die Monatsniederschläge lagen verbreitet systems (ARKE). Am heftigsten wehte der Wind aber zwischen 80 und 165 mm, wobei der meiste Regen an am 28./29. Oktober, als sich das über Südnorwegen der schleswig-holsteinischen Küste niederging. gebildete Sturmtief HERWART nach Polen verlagerte Insgesamt ergaben sich Überschüsse bis zu 80 % des und dabei Böen bis Orkanstärke auslöste. Sowohl Monatsmittels. Besonders ergiebige Niederschläge XAVIER als auch HERWART führten in Deutschland gab es am 4. und 5. Oktober. Vielfach wurden hier und den Nachbarländern zu zahlreichen Schäden und Tagesniederschläge von 20 bis 30 mm gemeldet, auch Todesopfern, u.a. durch umgestürzte Bäume. Mit vereinzelt auch mehr als 40 mm. Durchzug von HERWART stellte sich die Wetterlage um. Kaltluft aus nordwestlichen Richtungen brachte Die Sonne schien für 70 bis 95 Stunden. In den meis- nun kurzzeitig eine Abkühlung mit sich. ten Regionen wurde damit das Soll bis zu 30 % unterschritten. [Die vergleichenden Angaben im Text beziehen sich auf die international gültige Referenzperiode 1961- Extreme Windgeschwindigkeiten lösten die beiden 1990.] Sturmtiefs XAVIER und HERWART aus. Während des Durchzugs von XAVIER wurden am 5. Oktober Böen bis 11 Bft verzeichnet. Vereinzelt, wie am Leuchtturm Alte Weser, traten auch Orkanböen (12 Bft) auf. 3 MARITIME METEO NEWS 5/2017 HERWART sorgte am 28. und 29. Oktober für Böen bis Monatsmittel. Die ergiebigsten Niederschläge gab es 12 Bft. Am 29. wurden sogar verbreitet Orkanböen am 4. und 5. Oktober. Am 4. Oktober wurden im registriert. Westteil der deutschen Ostseeküste schon Tagesnie- derschlagshöhen von 10 bis 25 mm verzeichnet. Am Ostsee 5. Oktober fielen dann bei Durchzug von XAVIER an Bei Monatsmitteltemperaturen von 11 bis 13 °C fiel der gesamten Ostseeküste Niederschläge zwischen der Oktober um etwa 1,5 bis 2,5 °C wärmer aus als im 10 und 50 mm.
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