Health and Disease Status in a Threatened Marsupial, the Quokka (Setonix Brachyurus)
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Feral Cats: Killing 75 Million Native Animals Every Night Saving Australia’S Threatened Wildlife
wildlife matters Summer 2012/13 Feral cats: killing 75 million native animals every night Saving Australia’s threatened wildlife Welcome to the Summer 2012/13 edition of Wildlife Matters. The AWC mission As you will read in the following pages, our focus remains firmly on battling the The mission of Australian Wildlife “ecological axis of evil” – feral animals, wildfires and weeds. For decades, these Conservancy (AWC) is the effective forces have been steadily eroding Australia’s natural capital, causing the extinction conservation of all Australian animal of wildlife and the destruction of habitats and ecological processes. The role of feral species and the habitats in which they live. cats – which kill 75 million native animals every day – is particularly significant. To achieve this mission, our actions are focused on: Our response to this tripartite attack on Australia’s natural capital is straightforward • Establishing a network of sanctuaries – we deliver practical land management informed by world-class science. Central which protect threatened wildlife and to our strategy is the fact that around 80% of our staff are based in the field. AWC’s ecosystems: AWC now manages dedicated team of field operatives – land managers and ecologists – represent the 23 sanctuaries covering over 3 million front-line in our battle against fire, ferals and weeds. Within the conservation sector, hectares (7.4 million acres). we are unique in deploying such a high proportion of our staff in the field. • Implementing practical, on-ground To date, this strategy has delivered significant, measurable and very positive conservation programs to protect ecological returns. This success is particularly apparent when considering the the wildlife at our sanctuaries: these surviving populations of Australia’s most endangered mammals. -
Genetic Differentiation of Island Spotted Skunks, Spilogale Gracilis Amphiala Author(S): Chris H
Genetic differentiation of island spotted skunks, Spilogale gracilis amphiala Author(s): Chris H. Floyd, Dirk H. Van Vuren, Kevin R. Crooks, Krista L. Jones, David K. Garcelon, Natalia M. Belfiore, Jerry W. Dragoo, and Bernie May Source: Journal of Mammalogy, 92(1):148-158. 2011. Published By: American Society of Mammalogists DOI: 10.1644/09-MAMM-A-204.1 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1644/09-MAMM-A-204.1 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is an electronic aggregator of bioscience research content, and the online home to over 160 journals and books published by not-for-profit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Journal of Mammalogy, 92(1):148–158, 2011 Genetic differentiation of island spotted skunks, Spilogale gracilis amphiala CHRIS H. FLOYD,* DIRK H. VAN VUREN,KEVIN R. CROOKS,KRISTA L. JONES,DAVID K. GARCELON,NATALIA M. BELFIORE, JERRY W. DRAGOO, AND BERNIE MAY Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire, Eau Claire, WI 54701, USA (CHF) Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA (DHVV, KLJ) Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA (KRC) Institute for Wildlife Studies, P.O. -
Serologic Survey of the Island Spotted Skunk on Santa Cruz Island
Western North American Naturalist Volume 66 Number 4 Article 7 12-8-2006 Serologic survey of the island spotted skunk on Santa Cruz Island Victoria J. Bakker University of California, Davis Dirk H. Van Vuren University of California, Davis Kevin R. Crooks Colorado State University, Fort Collins Cheryl A. Scott Davis, California Jeffery T. Wilcox Berkeley, California See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan Recommended Citation Bakker, Victoria J.; Van Vuren, Dirk H.; Crooks, Kevin R.; Scott, Cheryl A.; Wilcox, Jeffery T.; and Garcelon, David K. (2006) "Serologic survey of the island spotted skunk on Santa Cruz Island," Western North American Naturalist: Vol. 66 : No. 4 , Article 7. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol66/iss4/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Western North American Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Serologic survey of the island spotted skunk on Santa Cruz Island Authors Victoria J. Bakker, Dirk H. Van Vuren, Kevin R. Crooks, Cheryl A. Scott, Jeffery T. Wilcox, and David K. Garcelon This article is available in Western North American Naturalist: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol66/iss4/7 Western North American Naturalist 66(4), © 2006, pp. 456–461 SEROLOGIC SURVEY OF THE ISLAND SPOTTED SKUNK ON SANTA CRUZ ISLAND Victoria J. Bakker1,6, Dirk H. Van Vuren1, Kevin R. Crooks2, Cheryl A. -
Mitochondrial Genomes of the United States Distribution
fevo-09-666800 June 2, 2021 Time: 17:52 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 08 June 2021 doi: 10.3389/fevo.2021.666800 Mitochondrial Genomes of the United States Distribution of Gray Fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) Reveal a Major Phylogeographic Break at the Great Plains Suture Zone Edited by: Fernando Marques Quintela, Dawn M. Reding1*, Susette Castañeda-Rico2,3,4, Sabrina Shirazi2†, Taxa Mundi Institute, Brazil Courtney A. Hofman2†, Imogene A. Cancellare5, Stacey L. Lance6, Jeff Beringer7, 8 2,3 Reviewed by: William R. Clark and Jesus E. Maldonado Terrence C. Demos, 1 Department of Biology, Luther College, Decorah, IA, United States, 2 Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Field Museum of Natural History, Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, United States, 3 Department of Biology, George United States Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States, 4 Smithsonian-Mason School of Conservation, Front Royal, VA, United States, Ligia Tchaicka, 5 Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States, 6 Savannah River State University of Maranhão, Brazil Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, Aiken, SC, United States, 7 Missouri Department of Conservation, Columbia, MO, *Correspondence: United States, 8 Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States Dawn M. Reding [email protected] We examined phylogeographic structure in gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) across † Present address: Sabrina Shirazi, the United States to identify the location of secondary contact zone(s) between eastern Department of Ecology and and western lineages and investigate the possibility of additional cryptic intraspecific Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, divergences. -
Diversity of the Cryptococcus Neoformans-Cryptococcus Gattii Species Complex Marjan Bovers1, Ferry Hagen1 and Teun Boekhout1,2
S4 Rev Iberoam Micol 2008; 25: S4-S12 Review Diversity of the Cryptococcus neoformans-Cryptococcus gattii species complex Marjan Bovers1, Ferry Hagen1 and Teun Boekhout1,2 1Yeast Research Group, CBS Fungal Diversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; 2Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Utrecht, The Netherlands Summary More than 110 years of study of the Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii species complex has resulted in an enormous accumulation of fundamental, applied biological and clinical knowledge. Recent developments in our understanding of the diversity within the species complex are presented, emphasizing the intraspecific complexity, which includes species, microspecies, hybrids, serotypes and genotypes. Each of these may have different roles in disease. An overview of obsolete and current names is presented. Key words Cryptococcus neoformans, Cryptococcus gattii, Yeast, Taxonomy, Pathogen. Diversidad del complejo de especies Cryptococcus neoformans-Cryptococcus gattii Resumen Más de 110 años de estudio sobre el complejo de especies Cryptococcus neoformans y Cryptococcus gattii han dado lugar a un gran acúmulo de conocimiento básico, aplicado y clínico. En este artículo se describen los avances recientes en la comprensión de su diversidad, haciendo énfasis en la complejidad intraespecífica que presenta y que llega a englobar especies, microespecies, híbridos, serotipos y genotipos. Cada uno de estos grupos puede jugar un papel diferente en la enfermedad. Se presenta también una visión global de los nombres obsoletos y actuales de estos taxones. Palabras clave Cryptococcus neoformans, Cryptococcus gattii, Levaduras, Patógeno, Taxonomía. Introduction racteristics of the genus Saccharomyces were not present, he placed these species in the genus Cryptococcus [166]. -
Island Fox Subspecies
PETITION TO LIST FOUR ISLAND FOX SUBSPECIES San Miguel Island fox (U. l. littoralis) Santa Rosa Island fox (U. l. santarosae) Santa Cruz Island fox (U. l. santacruzae) Santa Catalina Island fox (U. l. catalinae) AS ENDANGERED SPECIES Center for Biological Diversity Institute for Wildlife Studies June 1, 2000 TABLE OF CONTENTS Notice of Petition ..............................................................1 Executive Summary ...........................................................2 Systematics Species Description ...........................................................4 Taxonomy ..................................................................4 Distribution and Evolution .......................................................4 Significance .................................................................6 Natural History Habitat Use and Home Range ....................................................6 Food Habits .................................................................6 Social Organization ............................................................7 Reproduction ................................................................7 Survival and Mortality ..........................................................8 Competition With Other Species ..................................................9 Population Status and Trend San Miguel Island (U. l. littoralis) .................................................9 Santa Rosa Island (U. l. santarosae) .............................................10 Santa Cruz Island (U. l. santacruzae) -
Ba3444 MAMMAL BOOKLET FINAL.Indd
Intot Obliv i The disappearing native mammals of northern Australia Compiled by James Fitzsimons Sarah Legge Barry Traill John Woinarski Into Oblivion? The disappearing native mammals of northern Australia 1 SUMMARY Since European settlement, the deepest loss of Australian biodiversity has been the spate of extinctions of endemic mammals. Historically, these losses occurred mostly in inland and in temperate parts of the country, and largely between 1890 and 1950. A new wave of extinctions is now threatening Australian mammals, this time in northern Australia. Many mammal species are in sharp decline across the north, even in extensive natural areas managed primarily for conservation. The main evidence of this decline comes consistently from two contrasting sources: robust scientifi c monitoring programs and more broad-scale Indigenous knowledge. The main drivers of the mammal decline in northern Australia include inappropriate fi re regimes (too much fi re) and predation by feral cats. Cane Toads are also implicated, particularly to the recent catastrophic decline of the Northern Quoll. Furthermore, some impacts are due to vegetation changes associated with the pastoral industry. Disease could also be a factor, but to date there is little evidence for or against it. Based on current trends, many native mammals will become extinct in northern Australia in the next 10-20 years, and even the largest and most iconic national parks in northern Australia will lose native mammal species. This problem needs to be solved. The fi rst step towards a solution is to recognise the problem, and this publication seeks to alert the Australian community and decision makers to this urgent issue. -
Cryptococcus Gattii Outbreak
The recent Cryptococcus gattii outbreak A deadly pathway… From Trees to Lungs to Brain ryptococcus gattii disease. The route of C has been in the infection is from breathing the news lately, due to a recent airborne organism, which outbreak in the Pacific becomes lodged in the Northwest. This new, more pulmonary tissues. virulent strain is expected to by Jay Hardy, CLS, SM (NRCM) spread further throughout the Symptoms Northwest and Northern California in the coming The pulmonary disease, Jay Hardy is the founder and months. known as cpryptococcosis, president of Hardy Diagnostics. develops slowly. After He began his career in exposure it can take two to microbiology as a Medical Technologist in Santa Barbara, twelve months for symptoms California. to appear, with the usual onset In 1980, he began at six or seven months. manufacturing culture media for the local hospitals. Today, The symptoms include: Hardy Diagnostics is the third largest media manufacturer in the U.S. • Cough that lasts weeks or months To ensure rapid and reliable turn around time, Hardy • Sharp chest pain Figure 1: An India ink stain Diagnostics maintains six • Unexplained shortness of showing the capsule surrounding distribution centers, and breath produces over 3,000 products the C. gattii cells in the yeast form used in clinical and industrial at 1,000X. Photo from Haley/CDC. • Severe headache microbiology laboratories • Confusion throughout the world. The organism is a fungus that • Fever is usually found in the soil • Night sweats www.HardyDiagnostics.com and on trees. It is not spread • Unintended weight loss from human to human or animal to human. -
A Silver Bullet in a Golden Age of Functional Genomics: the Impact of Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Fungi
Idnurm, A. , Bailey, A. M., Cairns, T., Elliott, C., Foster, G., Ianiri, G., & Jeon, J. (2017). A silver bullet in a golden age of functional genomics: the impact of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of fungi. Fungal Biology and Biotechnology, 4, [4:6]. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40694- 017-0035-0 Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record License (if available): CC BY Link to published version (if available): 10.1186/s40694-017-0035-0 Link to publication record in Explore Bristol Research PDF-document This is the final published version of the article (version of record). It first appeared online via BMC at https://fungalbiolbiotech.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40694-017-0035-0. Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher. University of Bristol - Explore Bristol Research General rights This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/red/research-policy/pure/user-guides/ebr-terms/ Idnurm et al. Fungal Biol Biotechnol (2017) 4:6 DOI 10.1186/s40694-017-0035-0 Fungal Biology and Biotechnology REVIEW Open Access A silver bullet in a golden age of functional genomics: the impact of Agrobacterium‑mediated transformation of fungi Alexander Idnurm1* , Andy M. Bailey2, Timothy C. Cairns3, Candace E. Elliott1, Gary D. Foster2, Giuseppe Ianiri4 and Junhyun Jeon5 Abstract The implementation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens as a transformation tool revolutionized approaches to discover and understand gene functions in a large number of fungal species. A. -
Phylogenomic Systematics of the Spotted Skunks (Carnivora, Mephitidae, Spilogale)
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.23.353045; this version posted October 25, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Phylogenomic systematics of the spotted skunks (Carnivora, Mephitidae, Spilogale): 2 Additional species diversity and Pleistocene climate change as a major driver of 3 diversification 4 Molly M. McDonough*,†, Adam W. Ferguson*, Robert C. Dowler, Matthew E. Gompper, and 5 Jesús E. Maldonado 6 *-Equally contributing lead authors 7 †-Corresponding Author 8 Molly M. McDonough, Ph.D. 9 Chicago State University 10 Department of Biological Sciences 11 9501 S. King Drive, WSC 290 12 Chicago, IL 60628-1598 13 [email protected] 14 (773) 995-2443 15 16 17 Abstract 18 Four species of spotted skunks (Carnivora, Mephitidae, Spilogale) are currently recognized: 19 Spilogale angustifrons, S. gracilis, S. putorius, and S. pygmaea. Understanding species 20 boundaries within this group is critical for effective conservation given that regional populations 21 or subspecies (e.g., S. p. interrupta) have experienced significant population declines. Further, 22 there may be currently unrecognized diversity within this genus as some taxa (e.g., S. 23 angustifrons) and geographic regions (e.g., Central America) never have been assessed using 24 DNA sequence data. We analyzed species limits and diversification patterns in spotted skunks 25 using multilocus nuclear (ultraconserved elements) and mitochondrial (whole mitogenomes and 26 single gene analysis) data sets from broad geographic sampling representing all currently 27 recognized species and subspecies. -
Download the Annual Report 2019-2020
Leading � rec�very Annual Report 2019–2020 TARONGA ANNUAL REPORT 2019–2020 A SHARED FUTURE � WILDLIFE AND PE�PLE At Taronga we believe that together we can find a better and more sustainable way for wildlife and people to share this planet. Taronga recognises that the planet’s biodiversity and ecosystems are the life support systems for our own species' health and prosperity. At no time in history has this been more evident, with drought, bushfires, climate change, global pandemics, habitat destruction, ocean acidification and many other crises threatening natural systems and our own future. Whilst we cannot tackle these challenges alone, Taronga is acting now and working to save species, sustain robust ecosystems, provide experiences and create learning opportunities so that we act together. We believe that all of us have a responsibility to protect the world’s precious wildlife, not just for us in our lifetimes, but for generations into the future. Our Zoos create experiences that delight and inspire lasting connections between people and wildlife. We aim to create conservation advocates that value wildlife, speak up for nature and take action to help create a future where both people and wildlife thrive. Our conservation breeding programs for threatened and priority wildlife help a myriad of species, with our program for 11 Legacy Species representing an increased commitment to six Australian and five Sumatran species at risk of extinction. The Koala was added as an 11th Legacy Species in 2019, to reflect increasing threats to its survival. In the last 12 months alone, Taronga partnered with 28 organisations working on the front line of conservation across 17 countries. -
Associations Between Cryptococcus Genotypes, Phenotypes, and Clinical Parameters of Human Disease: a Review
Journal of Fungi Review Associations between Cryptococcus Genotypes, Phenotypes, and Clinical Parameters of Human Disease: A Review Marhiah C. Montoya 1,2 , Paul M. Magwene 3 and John R. Perfect 1,2,* 1 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; [email protected] 2 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA 3 Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The genus Cryptococcus contains two primary species complexes that are significant op- portunistic human fungal pathogens: C. neoformans and C. gattii. In humans, cryptococcosis can manifest in many ways, but most often results in either pulmonary or central nervous system disease. Patients with cryptococcosis can display a variety of symptoms on a spectrum of severity because of the interaction between yeast and host. The bulk of our knowledge regarding Cryptococcus and the mechanisms of disease stem from in vitro experiments and in vivo animal models that make a fair attempt, but do not recapitulate the conditions inside the human host. To better understand the dynamics of initiation and progression in cryptococcal disease, it is important to study the genetic and phenotypic differences in the context of human infection to identify the human and fungal risk factors that contribute to pathogenesis and poor clinical outcomes. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the different clinical presentations and health outcomes that are associated with pathogenicity and virulence of cryptococcal strains with respect to specific Citation: Montoya, M.C.; Magwene, P.M.; Perfect, J.R.