Bulletin of the Natural History Museum

ISSN 0968-0446

Bulletin of The Natural History Museum

THf: , NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM

23 AUG 2(JU2 p^cstnrreD @gM&RAi Botany Series I U8BARY

THE NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM

VOLUME 32 NUMBER 1 27 JUNE 2002 The Bulletin of The Natural History Museum (formerly: Bulletin of the British Museum

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World list abbreviation: Bull. nat. Hist. Mus. Lond. (Bot.)

ISSN 0968-0446

The Natural History Museum Botany Series Cromwell Road Vol. 32, No. I, pp. 1-59 London SW7 5BD Issued 27 June 2002

Typeset by Ann Buchan (Typesetters), Middlesex Printed in Great Britain by Henry Ling Ltd, at the Dorset Press, Dorchester, Dorset Xxcs^^^v^' ^ ) Bull. nat. Hist. Mus. Umd. (Bot.) 32(1): 1-5 Issued 27 June 2002

Taxonomic notes on some African species in ^—. «

the family Calymperaceae (Musci) history iviuseui j

^ i 28 AUa 20 Q2 LEN T. ELLIS Department of Botany, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD

Synopsis. Syrrhopodon usambaricus Broth, ex S. Orban is placed in synonymy with Syrrhopodon asper Mitt., and

Syrrhopodon lisowskii S. Orban in synonymy with Syrrhopodon gardneri (Hook.) Schwagr. The distinctive features of Syrrhopodon stuhlmannii Broth, are discussed, and the only records of Calymperes moluccense Schwagr. from Africa are redetermined as Calymperes palisotii Schwagr.

The research for this paper was largely undertaken in response to Intermediate expressions of these contrasting features of difficulties encountered in identifying the specimens oi Syrrhopodon Hannington s.n. and Liebusch s.n. are apparent in the great range of collected during the British Bryological Society Expedition to material now available for examination, and indicate that these Mulanje Mountain, Malawi, 1991. Determination of this material superficially distinct type specimens represent extreme forms of the would have been considerably more difficult without the important same species. For example. Wood 1726 (Tanzania, BM, BM-K) has primary accounts of the African species of Syrrhopodon by Orban leaves proportioned like those of the type of Syrrhopodon asper ihdX (1981) and Orban & Reese (1986). become curled when dry, but some cross-sections through the distal hyaline leaf base show a degree of differentiation closer to that in the

Syrrhopodon asper Mitt, in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 7: 151: 1863. Type: type of S. usambaricus (Fig. Ij).

Tanzania, Kilimanjaro, Hannington s.n. (NY!-holotype, BM!- Specimens examined. Malawi. Mulanje Mountain, June 1991: isotype). Hodgetts 2041a, 2047c, 2220b, 2532a, 2669a (RNG!); Kathumba Fig. 1. M5915a (RNG!), M5916 (BM!); Kungu M3123a (RNG!); Longton Syrrhopodon usambaricus Broth, ex S. Orban xnActa Bot. Hung. 24: M8054a, M8058a, 8425b (RNG!); Magombo M4041b, 4042b 113 (1978), syn. nov. Type: Tanzania, Usambara, Lutindi, 1902, (RNG!); Porley 35a, 278a (RNG!); Russell M6055b, M6063a, Liebusch s.n. (H-BR!-holotype). M6068a (RNG!); Wigginton M1034a, M1682a (RNG!), M1201a (BM!). Uganda. Kadese, Ruwenzori Mts, above Miniba camp, Discussion. The leaves in Syrrhopodon asper Mitt, consist of a 2700 m, 22 January 1962, Loveridge JPL397 (BM!). Kenya. Mutha linear-lanceolate chlorophyllose limb extending from a subelliptical Hill, August 1938, Boy Joana 7519 (BM!, BM-K!). Tanzania. hyaline base. They possess a prominent marginal rib and are spinulose Usambara, Lutindi, 1911, Liebusch s.n. (H-BR!); Usambara Ouset, to various degrees. As in many species of Calymperes and Crete Matundsi-Mashindei, SE of Ambangudu Tea Estate, 1 300 m, 5 Syrrhopodon, the leaves in different specimens can vary widely in February 1985, Pocs 8533/R (BM!); Kilimanjaro: above Marangu, their relative dimensions (Fig. la-c), and range from a stubby 4 mm 2000 m, 13 July 1948, Hedberg 1144e (BM-K!); on path between to a slender 7.5 mm long. The marginal ribs, viewed in cross-section, Marangu and Bismark Hut, 2400 m, 24 February 1953, Wood 1726 are well differentiated. Commonly, a superficial layer of (BM!, BM-K!). Morogoro District: Nguru Mts, ridge behind chlorophyllose cells encloses small dorsal and ventral groups of Dikurura Valley, 1700-1900 m, 6°02'S 37°32'E, Pocs 89119AV stereids that are separated by a median row of guide cells (a costa- (BM!); Nguru ya Ndege Hill NNW of Morogoro town, summit, like arrangement of tissues). This arrangement of cells in the marginal 1200-1350 m, 6° 42'S 37° 36'E, Pocs & Knox 88252/H (BM!). rib is plainly developed in the leaves of some specimens and less Mozambique. Namiili, Makua Country, 1887, Last s.n. (BM-K!). well developed in others (Fig. le-h). Towards the base in all leaves, the marginal rib becomes a flattened, undifferentiated, often Syrrhopodon stuhlmannii Broth. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24: 240 (1897). unistratose band of linear cells. The region in the leaf base in which Type. Tanzania, Uluguru, Bergwald, 1600 m, Stuhlmann 8809 the margin transforms from a differentiated rib to an undifferentiated (BM!-isotype). band also varies between specimens. Fig. 2a-d. The type specimen of Syrrhopodon usambaricus Broth, ex S.

Orban {Liebusch s.n., H-BR) represents a form of 5. asper Mitt, Discussion. In Orban & Reese ( 1 986) Syrrhopodon usambaricus with tall, slender shoots. The leaves are relatively fine and nar- Broth, ex S. Orban [=Syrrhopodon asper Mitt.] is keyed out beside row, and hardly curl when dry. The marginal ribs are well S. stuhlmannii Broth. Large specimens of 5. asper are superficially differentiated, and in the leaf base, the transition from polystratose similar to those of 5. stuhlmannii. Both species possess leaves with rib to undifferentiated band occurs well below the apex of the marginal ribs that have a costa-like structure (viewed in cross- hyaline lamina (Fig. li). In the isotype material of S. asper section). However, the species are easily distinguished. In leaves of

{Hannington s.n., BM) the shoots are small and have shorter, 5. .stuhlmannii the marginal ribs are mostly smooth; the cells of the stubbier leaves. These curl when dry, are notably spinulose, and chlorophyllose lamina are ventral ly roundly protuberant, and dorsally have prominent, well-differentiated marginal ribs. The region flat to barely protuberant (Fig. 2a-d). The rib at the margin of the along the leaf at which the margin transforms from differentiated distal hyaline lamina is very well developed and strongly differenti- polystratose rib to unistratose/bistratose band tends to be adjacent ated, with a median row of guide cells often more than nine cells to the apex of the hyaline lamina (Fig Ik). wide (Fig. 2c, d). In contrast, most superficial cells of the marginal

1 mm

Fig. 1 a-1. Syrrhopodon asper Mitt, a-c: leaves; d-1: cross-sections of leaf through (d: chlorophyllose lamina, e-h: margin of chlorophyllose lamina, i-1: margin around distal hyaline lamina, a Drawn from Pocs 8533R (BM). b Drawn from Pocs & Knox 88252/H (BM), c Drawn from Boy Joana 7519

(BM). d. g, i. Drawn from Liebusch s.n. (H-BR, holotype of Syrrhopodon usambaricus). e, j Drawn from Wood Mid (BM). f, k Drawn from Hannington

s.n. (BM, isotype oi Syrrhopodon asper). h. 1 Drawn from Pocs 891 19AV (BM). TAXONOMIC NOTES ON CALYMPERACEAE

0. 5 50 |Lim mm

Fig. 2 a-d. Syrrhopodon stuhlmannii Broth, a-d: cross-sections through leaf margins (a, b: in chlorophyllose limb, c, d: in distal hyaline base), e, f:

Syrrhopodon gardneri (Hook.) Schwagr. e, f: gemmae on leaves (e: in cluster at apex (ventral surface), f: in groups in mid-leaf), g-j. Calymperes

palisotii Schwagr. g, h: apices of gemmiferous leaves (g: in ventral view showing gemmae-producing region (gemmae lost), h: in dorsal view); i. j: cross-

sections of chlorophyllose limb (i: showing half of costa, and j: lamina), a, c Drawn from Pocs & Knox 89053/AK (BM). b, d Drawn from Stiihlmann

8809 (BM, isotype of Syrrhopodon stuhlmannii). e Drawn from Kathumba M5073b (RNG). f Drawn from Longton M8375a (RNG). g, h, i, j Drawn from Lisowski 50255 (EGR).

ribs and the cells of the chlorophyllose lamina in 5. asper are replete Chazi River above Chazi Falls, 2000-2 1 00 m, 6°00' S 37°30'E, 4 Feb- with acute projections (Fig ld-1). If apparent at all, the median row ruary 1989, Pocs & Knox 89053/AK (BM!); Lushoto District, West of guide cells in the rib at the margin of the distal hyaline lamina is Usambara Mts, 5 km east of Mgwashi village on west slope of Gonja usually less than six cells wide (Fig. li-1). Hill, 1600-1700 m, 4° 47'S 38° 33'E, Pocs & Krog 88205/R (BM!). Syrrhopodon stuhlmanni Broth, remains a distinct species, apparently endemic to Tanzania. Syrrhopodon gardneri (Hook.) Schwagr., Sp. muse, frond, suppl. 2

(1): 110(1824). Specimens examined. Tanzania. Uluguru, Bergwald. 1600 m, Fig. 2e, f, 3. S/w/j/wflnn 8809 (BM!-isotypeof5..vm/3//??fl/?A?//).Uluguru Mountains. 30 July 1941, Eccles AH8648 (BM!), AH8652 (BM!). Morogoro Calymperes gardneri Hook. Musci Exot. 2: 146 (1819). Type: District. Nguru Mts, ridge above 'Spirit Lake' at the north source of Nepal, Gardner [1205] (BM!-holotype, BM!-isotype). L.T. ELLIS

'^mmkV g ^^^ a

gsg^o^^^ Tooio^?" h h

J h

a, b c-f g-1

1 mm 0. 5 mm 50 |Lim

Fig. 3 a-1. Syrrhopodon gardneri (Hook.) Schwagr. a-b: leaves; c-f: details of leaf apex, (c, d: in lateral view, e, f: in ventral view); g-1: cross-sections

through leaf margin (g, h: in chlorophyllose limb, i, j: around apex of hyaline base, k, 1: in distal hyaline base), a, c, f, g, i, k Drawn from Gardner \{\l(d5

(BM, isotype oi Syrrhopodon gardneri). b, d, e, h, j, 1 Drawn from Lisowski s.n.(EGR, holotype of Syrrhopodon lisowskii).

Syrrhopodon lisowskii S. Orban in Egri Ho Si Minh Tandrkepzo produced on the ventral and sometimes dorsal surfaces of the costa, Fois. FUzetei 18: 81 (1987), syn. nov. Type: Zaire, Haut Shaba, often in a bunch at the leaf apex (Fig. It). In a collection from

Env. de Kasumbalesa, Colline Kibwe I., 1400 m, 20 March 1971, Malawi {Longton M8375a) gemmae occur in small groups at inter-

Lisowski s.n. (EGR!-holotype). vals along the costa, associated with the loosely transverse rows of prominent costal teeth. The leaves of this specimen are not espe- Discussion. The holotype of Syrrhopodon lisowskii S. Orban cially narrow nor are the margins of the chlorophyllose lamina possesses narrow, gemma-bearing leaves that have strongly incurved particularly incurved (Fig. If). In all respects it is identifiable as S. margins. Orban & Reese (1986) use these features to distinguish 5. gardneri. lisowskii from 5. gardneri (Hook.) Schwagr. However, cross-sections of the leaves from the types of S. gardneri and S. lisowskii are Specimens examined. Malawi. Mulanje Mountain, June 1991: indistinguishable (Fig. 3-1), and an examination of a large number of N. Hodgetts M2008e, M2026d, M2048b, M2066a, M2067b, 2383a, specimens has shown that leaves with incurved margins and/or 2555a, M2638a, 2661a, 2662c (RNG!); Kathumba M5058(BM!), bearing gemmae fit comfortably within the range of features M5073b(RNG!); Kungu M3241 (BM!), M3267c, M3268a, M3033 characteristic of 5. gardneri. (RNG!); Longton M8231a, M8232a, M8375a, M8648a (RNG!); In the latter species, young leaves often tend to possess strongly Magombo M4238a (RNG!); O'Shea 7107b, 7108d, 7110a, 7111b, incurved margins and can have blunt, almost cucullate apices. The 7138a, 240a, 7240b pro parte, 7241b, M7404c, M7406b, M7508a, isotype material of Syrrhopodon gardneri (BM) has many leaves M7509b (RNG!), 7318a, 7389a (BM!); Porley 98a, 232a, 317a, with a lamina approaching the degree of incurvature apparent in S. 329a (RNG!); Wigginton M 1009b pro parte, M 1024b pro parte, lisowskii (Fig. 3e, f)- Gemmae occur in many specimens of 5. M1217a, M1219a, M1225a, M1243a, M1247a, M1417a, M1576a gardneri and their presence is not correlated with the relative (RNG!). Zomba Plateau, forestry campsite opposite Chawe School, breadth of the leaf or incurvature of the leaf margins. They may be 1470 m, 8 August 1993, Stevenson s.n. (BM!). Uganda. Ishasha 1

TAXONOMIC NOTES ON CALYMPERACEAE

Gorge, Kanunga, 7500 ft, 6 June 1952, Lind 14 (BM!); Bwindi possession of laminal chlorocysts that are ventrally drawn out as

National Park, forest 1 km east of the Zaire border near Rukubira, acute, often coronate-papillose projections, and gemmiferous leaves

1 680 m, 0°59'53"S 29°35'50"E, 3 February 1996, Matcham U 1 1 8a with a rounded rather than broadly pointed apex. (BM!). Democratic Republic of Congo. Lushiji, October 1923, Calymperes moluccense Schwagr. has yet to be found in conti- Overlaet 347 (BM!). Angola. Huilla District, near Humpata, 3800- nental Africa or the adjacent islands of the Indian Ocean, and must

5500 ft. May 1860, Welwitsch 6 (BM!- isotype of Calymperes still be regarded as an Indo-Pacific species. welwitschii Dub.). Madagascar. Ankafana, 1880, Deans Cowan Specimens examined. Guinea. Conakry, Campagnie Miniere, s.n. (BM!). 23 December 1 96 , Lisowski 9 1 8 (EGR ). Democratic Republic of 1 !

Congo. Haut-Zaire, Kisangani: pres de la Porte, 1 1 December 1977, Calymperes palisotii Schwagr. Sp. muse, frond, suppl. 1 (2): 334 Lisowski 50255 (EGR!); centre de la ville, 22 December 1977, (1816). Type: Nigeria, 'Oware' [Warri], Palisot de Beauvois s.n. L/5ow5)t/ 50379 (EGR!). (BM!- lectotype). Fig- 2g-j.

Acknowledgements. I am grateful to the directors and staff of EGR Discussion. Orban ( 1 995) identified three specimens from conti- (especially Dr S. Orban), NY and RNG for the loan of specimens. nental Africa as Calymperes palisotii ssp. moluccense (Schwagr.) M. Menzel in M. Menzel & Schultze-Motel [=Calymperes moluccense Schwagr.]. These specimens, collected by Lisowski REFERENCES from Zaire and Guinea, would have been the first African records for

C. moluccense. Unfortunately, all three collections are Calymperes Ellis, L.T. 1987. Taxonomic notes on Calymperes. Journal of Bryology 14: 681-690. (non moluccense). cells of the palisotii Schwagr. C. The & Tan, B.C. 1999. The moss family Calymperaceae (Musci) in the Philippines. (Fig. 2i, 1-46. chlorophyllose lamina are ventrally roundly protuberant j) Bulletin of The Natural History Museum. London (Botany Series) 29 ( 1 ): and the lamina at the apex of gemmiferous leaves forms a broad Orban, S. 1981. Studies on African Calymperaceae. III. Conspectus of the African species oi Syrrhopodon Schwaegr. Acta Botanica Hungarica Tl (1-2): 169-177. point (Fig. 2g, h). These features are typical of C. palisotii, and are 1995. Studies on African Calymperaceae, VI. New data to continental Africa and especially well represented in collections from Africa. As explained Madagascar. Acta Botanica Hungarica 39 (3-4): 227-234. by Ellis (1987) and Ellis & Tan (1999), C. moluccense (syn. C. & Reese W.D. 1986. Notes on the taxonomy of African Syrrhopodon. Ahstracta palisotii ssp. moluccense) is distinguishable from C. palisotii by its Botanica 10: 349-255.

1 A<^ (^\S>S <^^H^P' ^f^

Bull. not. Hist. Mu.s. Land. (Bot.) 32(1 ): 7-1 Issued 27 June 2002

Typification of Ranunculus bullatus L. (Ranunculaceae)

RICCARDO M. BALDINI

Museo Botanico, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, via G. La Pira 4, 1-50121 Firenze, Italy; [email protected] CHARLES E. JARVIS Department of Botany, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD; [email protected]

Synopsis. The typification of Ranunculus bullatus L. is discussed and a lectotype and epitype chosen which maintain usage

of the name in the sense of subsp. bullatus. Ranunculus bullatus subsp. cytheraeus (Halacsy) Vierh. is recognized at species rank,

and the combination R. cytheraeus (Halacsy) Baldini is made to accommodate it. Both taxa are described and illustrated. The

names R. bullatus L. van cuneifolius Coustur. & Gand., R. bullatus L. var. cyrenaicus Pamp., R. bullatus L. var. ovatus Freyn, R. bullatus L. var. prolifer Gennari, R. semicalvus Jord. & Fourr. and lonosmanthus plantagineus Jord. & Fourr. are also typified.

INTRODUCTION (Linnaeus, 1753) and is a double-flowered form {'flore pleno & prolifero') of R.. bullatus. It is similar to the plant portrayed by

Cornut (1635: t. 95; cited by Linnaeus as a synonym in 1738 but Ranunculus bullatus L., s. I., is a polymoiphic taxon distributed in omitted in 1753) and Morison (1680: s. 4, t. 31, f 50). The Clifford the Mediterranean area (Greuter et al., 1989; Jalas & Suominen, specimen is original material for the name. 1989) by scattered populations from Portugal to Greece and North- The other original elements for the name are drawn from the cited em Africa (Maire, 1964). It is well-known that there are many and uncited illustrations. The woodcut of Dodoens' (1583: 426) difficulties in distinguishing the several infraspecific taxa described 'Ranunculus Lusitanicus' was copied by Morison (1680: s. 4, t. 31, within this species (Gandoger, 1889; Vierhapper & Reichinger fil., f. 5 1 , as 'Ranunculus latifolius autumnalis caule hirsutoflore minimo, 1935; Davis, 1965) because many diagnostic characters overlap. As nobis') via the uncited Clusius (1601: 238, as 'Ranuncul. grumosa a part of a wider study of this group of taxa in Europe (Baldini, in rad. 1. species IF) and represents a plant from Crete (notwithstand- prep.), it is necessary to establish the correct application of the ing Dodoens' belief that the plant came from Portugal) identifiable Linnaean name. as R. bullatus subsp. cytheraeus (Hal.) Vierh. (see Greuter et al, 1989: 428). Clusius' (1601: 238) 'Ranunculus grumosa radicel.', also copied

LECTOTYPIFICATION OF RANUNCULUS by Morison (1680: s. 4, t. 31, f 49, as 'Ranunculus latifolius

BULLATUS L. autumnalis fl. simplici, nobis'), represents a plant from the Iberian Peninsula, identifiable as R. bullatus L. subsp. bullatus.

Linnaeus (1753: 550) used a diagnosis ' Ranunculus foliis ovatis Lastly, for his unnamed variety p, Linnaeus cited Morison's

serratis, scapo nudo unifloro' cited from his earlier Hortus (1680: s. 4, t. 31, f. 49, 50 and 51) along with a single, composite Clijfortianus (Linnaeus, 1738) along with three synonyms from, polynomial that Linnaeus derived from those used by Morison for respectively, Bauhin (1623), Dodoens (1583) and Clusius (1601). his three illustrations (for the identities of these, see above).

He also recognized one unnamed variety (var. (3) based on a series of There are therefore six possible elements from which a lectotype

polynomials of Morison (1680) '(3. Ranunculus latifolius bullatus could be chosen: the Clifford material, the element represented by autumnalis, flore pleno & prolifero. Moris, hist. 2. p. 447. s. 4. t. 31. Dodoens' illustration, that represented by Clusius' figure, and the 51.'. f. 49. 50. Finally, Linnaeus added 'Habitat in Lusitania, Creta\ three Morison figures associated with variety p. Clifford's material ('. and a symbol to indicate a perennial life form (Fig. 1). and Morison's f. 50 have petaloid staminodia . .flore pleno & Although there are two sheets referred to this taxon in Linnaeus' prolifero'), are almost certainly of cultivated origin and would not Herbarium at LINN (numbering follows Savage, 1945), 715.10 effectively restrict the application of subsp. bullatus. Dodoens'

lacks the relevant Species Plantarum number (i.e. '8') and is there- illustration and Morison's f 5 1 belong to subsp. cytheraeus so either fore a post- 1753 addition to the herbarium (see Turland & Jarvis, would make an unfortunate and disruptive type choice. However,

1997: 458-459), and 715.11 is entirely unannotated. We therefore Clusius' illustration (copied by Morison as his f 49) belongs to

do not accept either sheet as original material for this name, although subsp. bullatus and 'Ranunculus grumosa radice I. ' in Clusius,

both are identified (e.g. by Davis, 1965: 179) as belonging to the Rariorum plantarum historia: 238 (1601) is therefore designated

typical subspecies. There is no relevant material in any of the other here as the lectotype of Ranunculus bullatus L. (Fig. 2). Given its

'general' Linnaean collections (e.g. H, MW, S, SBT, UPS), nor is somewhat schematic nature, it seems wise to designate an epitype to there any in the Burser Herbarium (UPS) which can be associated establish its application beyond any possible doubt, which we do

with the Bauhin polynomial cited by Linnaeus. However, there is a here (see Taxonomic Summary).

specimen in the Clifford Herbarium (Herb. Clifford: 229, Ranuncu- Study of the variation in Ranunculus bullatus L. s.l. by the senior

lus 7, BM! (viewable at http://www.nhm.ac.uk/botany/databases/ author (Baldini, in prep.), leads to the conclusion that R. bullatus L. Clifford)) which can be associated with both var. p of Hortus subsp. cytheraeus (Halacsy) Vierh. is best recognized at species Clijfortianus (Linnaeus, 1738) and var. P of Species Plantarum rank. This is based on several distinct features, including flower size

foliis ovatis ferratis , fcapo nudo hllatHt. 8. RANUNCULUS TAXONOMIC SUMMARY unifloro. hort. cliff. ^29. Ranunculus litifolius buUatus, afphodeli radice. Bank.

pin. 1 81. RaHuuculus lufitanicus. Dod.fempt. 419. Key to Ranunculus buUatus and R. cytheraeus Raiiunculus gruniofa radice i. Cluf. hijl. \.p. 238. flore plcno 1 Leaf lamina ovate, crenate, never mucronate, more or less bullate and |3. Rannnculus latifolius buUatus auiumnalis, pubescent, sometimes glabrous or hispid above or beneath; scape to 20- & prolifcro. Morif. hiJl. z. f. 447. /. 4- '• 3 ^ •/• 49- Jo- 25 cm long, never branched, more or less pubescent, 1 -flowered;

Habitnt in LuHtania, Crqta, Tf achenes with a short, curved beak 1. R. buUatus

- Leaf lamina obovate to elliptical, crenate-denticulate, mucronate, upper Fig. 1 The protologue of Ranunculus hullatus Linnaeus, Species surface villose especially at the margin; scape to 8 cm long, branched Plantarum: 550 (\153). with small bracteole at the base of each branch, with spreading hairs, 1- 2-flowered; achenes with a short, uncinate beak 2. R. cytheraeus

1 . Ranunculus bullatus L., Sp. pi. 1: 550 (1753). Type: 'Ranuncu-

lus grumosa radice I.' in Clusius, Ran pi. hist.: 238 (1601), lectotype, designated here. Epitype: 'Flora Lusitanica. Prov. Hanunculgrumofaradice i« Estremadura, ad pagum, 1848, leg. Dr. Welwitsch 198" (BM!), designated here.

Fig. 3.

Ranunculus supranudus Jord. & Fourr., Brev. PI. Nov. 1: 1 (1866). Type.- 'Algeria: Daroussa prope Bone, ex dom. A. Joannon\ Not located. R. semicalvus Jord. & Fourr., Brev. PL Nov. 1: 2 (1866). Type:

'Ajaccio, 15 octobre 1 866, col. DeMarsilly 101 bis' (P!, lectotype, designated here; BM!, K!-isotypes).

/?. bullatus L. var. /7ra///er Gennari, Spec, e van Fl. Sard.: 29 (1866), non Cavara & Grande in Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital: 101 (1925). Type; 'Ranunculus bullatus scapo diviso seu prolifero, Cagliari ai

Cappuccini, 9bre. 1863, Gennari s. n.' (TO!- lectotype, designated here). lonosmanthus semicalvus (Jord. & Fourr.) Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Furl: 14(1869).

/. plantagineus Jord. & Fourr., Icon. Fl. Eur. 2: 14 (1869). Type: 'Algeria, Costantine, tab. CCXLIV. - 326' in Jordan & Fourreau, Icon. Fl. Eur. 2. (1869), lectotype, designated here. R. bullatus L. var. a ovatus Freyn in Willk. & Lange, Fl. Hisp. Prodr. 3: 919 (1880). Type: 'Malaga, Willkomm exsicc. 1844, n. 418\ (BM!-lectotype, designated here; G!-isotype). R. bullatus L. var. P bellidifolius Freyn in Willk. & Lange, Fl. Hisp. Prodr 3: 919 (1880). Type: 'Malaga, Kalisch\ Not located. R. bullatus L. subsp. supranudus (Jord. & Fourr.) Vierh. in Osterr Bot.Z.S4: 129(1935). R. bullatus L. subsp. bullatus var. plantagineus (Jord. & Fourr.) Maire in Jahand. & Maire, Cat. PI. Maroc: 994 (1940). R. bullatus L. subsp. bullatus var. supranudus (Jord. & Fourr.) Maire in Jahand. & Maire, Cat. PI. Maroc: 994 (1941). R. bullatus L. subsp. eu-bullatus Maire, Fl. Afrique N. 11: 139 (1964).

Perennial herb with fibrous roots and fusiform tubers; leaves (2-)3- 5(-7) in basal rosette; petiole 2-5(-7) cm long, with silky hairs; lamina ovate, crenate, sometimes crenate-denticulate, never mucronate, more or less bullate and pubescent, sometimes glabrous or hispid above or beneath, (l-)2-8 x l-5(-6) cm; scapes erect, never branched, up to 20-25 cm long, more or less pubescent, sometimes

Fig. 2 'Ranunculus grumosa radice I. ' in Clusius, Rariorum plantarum glabrous, 1 -flowered; flowers l-2(-3) cm in diameter, with 5 green historia: 238 (1601), the lectotype of Ranunculus buUatus L. sepals 0.3-0.6 cm long and 5-10(-12) yellow and obovate petals 0.5-1.5 cm long; receptacle glabrous, not elongated; achenes glabrous, ovate-inflated with a short and curved beak. and arrangement, leaf morphology and habit, and their correlation with geographical distribution. A new combination, relevant syn- Distribution

onymy, key and species descriptions and illustrations are given EUROPE. Tutin (1964: 234); Greuteret al. (1989: 428); Jalas & Suominen below. (1989: map no. 1839); Tutin & Akeroyd (1993: 281). Portugal: Pereira TYPIFICATION OF RANUNCULUS BULLATUS L.

Fig. 3 Ranunculus buUatus L. From the epitype specimen, Welwitsch 198 (BM), A. Maury delineavit. A. whole plant x 1; B. petal x 4; C. achene x 20;

the additional leaves (x 1 ) show two of the more frequent foliar morphotypes found in this variable species. The upper leaf (D) is from a collection from the

[ Balearic Islands {Bianor 2518, BM!); the lower leaf (E) is from a collection from Sicily {Ross 103, G!). 10 R.M. BALDINI AND C.E. JARVIS

Fig. 4 Ranunculus cytheraeus (Halacsy) Baldini. From material from Cyprus (Agia Napa distr., Famagusta, 15 Dec. 1940), Davis 2052 (BM), A. Maury

delineavit. A. whole plant x 2; B. petal x 5; C. achene x 20.

Coutinho (1974: 279). Spain: Lopez Gonzalez (1986). Balearic Islands: 2. Ranunculus cytheraeus (Halacsy) Baldini, stat. nov. Smythies (1984: 448). Corsica: Paradis et al. (2000). Italy (incl. Sardinia Ranunculus bullatus L. van cytheraeus Halacsy in Vierh., K. K. and Sicily): Fiori (1898: 506; 1924: 666); Zangheri (1976: 161); Pignatti Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 54: 483 (1904). Type: 'Ranunculus bullatus (1982: 318). Crete: Turland et al. (1993: 132 sub /?. bullatus L. p.p.). L. V. cytheraeus. Foliis grosse inciso-dentatis, sparse pilosis TXirkey: Davis (1965: 179). Cyprus: Meikle (1977: 48). subglabrisve, petalis 5, obovatis vel obovato-cuneatis. Ins. Cythera: NORTH AFRICA. Maire( 1964: 1 37 excl. Libya where only /?. cytheraeus in dumosis siccis reg. inf., 25.XL1903, Chr. Leonis 5' (LY!- (Haldcsy) Baldini occurs). Morocco: Battandier (1888: 10); Jahandiez & lectotype, designated here; LY!-isotypes). Maire (1932: 250); Negre ( 1 96 1 : 24 1 ). Algeria: Battandier & Trabut ( 1 904: Fig. 4. 12); Quezel & Santa (1962: 370). TXinisia: Battandier & Trabut (1904: 12); Pottier-Alapetite(1979: 156). R. bullatus L. van cuneifolius Coustun & Gand. in Bull. Soc. Duffour. TYPIFICATION OF RANUNCULUS BULLATUS L. 11 36 (1914). Type: 'Ranunculus bullatus L., Spec, 774. V. REFERENCES cuneifolius Cousturier et Gandoger. Var. nov. ! Cat. Cam. 37 - van Crete: Candie. Dans lescollines aunordd'Hagios-Deka. Decembre Barclay, C. 1986. Crete. Checklist of the vascular plants. Englera 6: 1-138. 1913,/'. Cousturier 1479" (LY!-lectotype, designated here; MPU!- Battandier, J.-A. 1888. Dicotyledones I. Thalamiflores. In J. -A. Battandier & L. isotype). Trabut (Eds), Flore de I'Algerie. Alger. R. bullatus L. forma cuneifolius (Coustur. & Gand.) Coustur. & & Trabut, L. 1904. Flore analytique et synoptique de I'Algerie et de la Tunisie. Alger. Gand. in Bull. Soc. bot. France 63: 13(1916). Bauhin, C. 1623. Prodromus theatri hotanici. Basel. R. bullatus L. var. cyrenaicus Pamp. in Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Itai, n. s., Beguinot, A. & Vaccari, A. 1912a. Contribute alia flora della Libia. Mono^rafte e 26: 212 (1919). Type: 'Ranunculus bullatus L. var. cyrenaicus Rapporti Coloniali 16: 1-70. 10 plates. Roma. Pamp., 5 Gennaio 1917: in fioritura, depressione del terreno fra le & 1912b. Specie nuove o rare per la Flora della Libia. Padova. Cavara, F. Grande, L. 1925. Altre piante rare o nuove della Cirenaica. Bolletiino due Palme e la linea ferroviaria di Benina in direzione del Giok & della Societd Botanica Italiana: 100-105. (Kebir). Arabo = Ain el noogia = occhio di pecora. Gli arabi ne Clusius, C. 1601. Rariorum plantarum historia. Antverpiae.

raccolgono i fiori e li uniscono alia mastice ricavata dalla pianta Cornut, J.-P. 1635. Canadensium plantarum. Paris.

Hellek (Periploca laevigata) detta Elek, per darle il colorito Davis, P.H. 1965. Ranunculus. In P.H. Davis (Ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East giallo. Zanon 24' (FI!-lectotype, designated here). Aegean Islands 1: 146-195. Edinburgh. Dodoens, R. 1583. Stirpium historiae pemptades .sex, sive libri xxx. Antverpiae. R. bullatus L. var. prolifer sensu Cavara & Grande in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fiori, A. 1898. Ranunculus (Toum.) L. In A. Fiori & G. Paoletti (Eds), Flora Analitica Ital.: non Gennari, Spec, e van Fl. Sard.: 29 101 (1925), (1866). d' Italia I: 500-516. Padova.

R. bullatus L. subsp. cytheraeus (Halacsy) Vierh. in Osterr Bot. Z. 1924. Ranunculus L. In A. Fiori, Nuova Flora Analitica d'Italia 1: 659-678. 84:129(1935). Firenze. Gandoger, M. 1889. Ranunculus. In Florae Europae \: 167-169. Parisiis. R. bullatus L. subsp. cyrenaicus (Pamp.) Maire, Fl. Afrique N. 11: Gennari, P. 1 866. Specie e varietd piu rimarchevoli e nuove da aggiungere alia Flora 139(1964). Sarda: 29. Cagliari.

Greuter, W., Burdet, H.M. & Long, G. 1989. Med-Checkli.st 4. Dicotyledones Perennial herb with fibrous roots and fusiform tubers; leaves 3-5(- (Lauraceae-Rhamnaceae). Geneve. Halacsy E. von, 1904. Bericht der Sektion fUr Botanik. Versammlung am 29. April 9) in basal rosette, with silky hairs; pedicels 0.5-1 .5(-2.5) cm long; 1 904. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-koniglichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft lamina from obovate to elliptical, crenate-denticulate, mucronate, in Wien 54; 483^84. upper surface villose especially at the margin and somewhat pubes- Jaliandiez, E. & Maire, R. 1932. Catalogue des plantes du Maroc 2. Alger. cent beneath; scapes erect, 3-7(-8) cm long, with spreading hairs, Jalas, J. & Suominen, J. 1989. Atlas Florae Europaeae 8. Nymphaeaceae to Rammculaceae. Helsinki. branched with small bracteole at the base of branch; flowers 1-2, Linnaeus, C. 1738. Hortus Cliffortianus. Amsterdam. (0.5-)l-1.5(-2) cm in diameter, with 5 green sepals 0.3-0. 5(-0.7) 1753. Species plantarum. Holmiae [Stockholm]. cm long and 5(-6) yellow and obovate petals, (0.5-)0.8-1.2(-1.5) Lopez Gonzalez, G. 1986. Ranunculus L. Sect. 6. Physophyllum Freyn. In S. Castroviejo cm long; receptacle glabrous and elongated; achenes glabrous, 0. 1- et al. (Eds), Flora Iberica \: 325-326. Madrid. 0.3 cm long, inflated with a short and uncinate beak. Maire, R. 1964. Ranunculus. In R. Maire, (Ed.), Flore de I'Afrique du Nord 11: 112- 204. Paris.

Meikle, R. D. 1977. Flora of Cyprus 1. Kew. Distribution Morison, R. 1680. Plantarum historiae universalis Oxoniensis 2. Oxonii.

GREECE. Cythera: Halacsy (1904 sub R. bullatus L. var. cytheraeus Negre, R. 1961. Petite flore des regions arides du Maroc Occidental 1. Paris. Halacsy); Davis (1965: 179 sub R. bullatus subsp. cytheraeus (Halacsy) Pampanini, R. 1931. Prodromo della Flora Cirenaica. Forli. & Zanon, V. 1919. Nuovi contributi alia conoscenza della flora della Cirenaica Vierh.). Cyprus: Davis ( 1 965 : 1 79 sub R. bullatus subsp. cytheraeus (Halacsy) Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital.. n.s.. 26: 205-220. Vierh.); Meikle (1977: 48 sub R. bullatus subsp. cytheraeus (Halacsy) Paradis G., Pozzo di Borgo, M.-L. & Jeanmonod, D. 2(XX). Ranunculus bullatus L. Vierh.). Crete: Rechinger (1943: 188 sub R. bullatus L. var. cuneifolius In D. Jeanmonod (Ed.), Notes et contributions a la flore de Corse, XVI. Candollea Coustur. & Gand. p.p. & var. cytheraeus Halacsy in Vierh. p.p.); Barclay 55: 59 (fig. 2). 62. (1986: 82 sub R. bullatus L. p.p.); Turland et al. (1993: 1 32 sub R. bullatus L. Pereira Coutinho, A.X. 1974. Flora de Portugal, 2"'' ed. (Reprint). Leutershausen.

p.p.). Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d'Italia 1. Bologna. NORTH AFRICA. Libya: Beguinot & Vaccari (1912a, 1912b sub R. Pottier-Alapetite, G. 1979. Flore de la Tunisie. Angiospermes-Dicotyledones. Apetales-

bullatus sensu Beg. & Vaccari, non L. (1753); Pampanini & Zanon (1919: Dialypetales 1. Paris. 212 sub/?, bullatus L. var. cyrenaicus Pamp.); Pampanini (1931: 203 sub R. Qaiser, M. 1984. Ranunculaceae. In S.M.H. Jafri & A. El-Gadi (Eds), Flora of Libya 1-54. bullatus L. var. cyrenaicus Pamp.); Cavara & Grande (1925 sub R. bullatus 108: Tripoli. Quezel, P. & Santa, S. 1962. Nouvelle Flore de I'Algerie et des regions desertiques var. prolifer sensu Cavara & Grande, non Gennari ( 1 866); Maire ( 1 964: 1 39 meridionales 1. Paris. sub/?. bullatusL. subsp. cvrena/cM^ (Pamp.) Maire; Davis (1965: 179 sub/?. Rechinger K.H. HI. 1943. Flora Graeca. Wien. bullatus L. subsp. cytheraeus (Halacsy) Vierh.); Qaiser (1984: 35 sub /?. Savage, S. 1945. A catalogue of the Linnaean herbarium. London. bullatus L. subsp. cytheraeus (Halacsy) Vierh.). Smythies, B.E. 1 984. Flora of Spain and the Balearic Islands. Checklist of vascular

plants. II. Cruciferae-Rutaceae. Englera 3: 213^86. l\iriand, NJ., Chilton, L. & Press, J.R. 1993. Flora of the Cretan area. Annotated checklist & atlas. London. & Jarvis, C.E. (Eds) 1997. Typification of Linnaean specific and varietal names Acknowledgements. We are grateful to the curators of the herbaria in the Leguminosae (Fabaceae). Taxon 46: 457-485.

cited above for permission to study the collections in their care, and in Ritin, T.G. 1 964. Ranunculus L. //! T.G. Tutin et al. (Eds), Flora Europaea 1 : 223-237.

particular to Prof. P. Schafer (MPU). We are also grateful to Giorgio Cambridge.

& Akeroyd, J.R. 1 993. Ranunculus L. In T.G. Tutin et al. (Eds), Flora Europaea, Padovani (Museo Botanico dell'Universita degli Studi di Firenze) and 2"'' ed. 1: 269-285. Cambridge. Laura Settesoldi (Erbario Tropicale di Firenze) for their kind assistance in Vierhapper, F. & Rechinger, K.H. fil. 1935. Bearbeitung der von Ignaz Dorfler im acknowledges generous grant support to transferring images to CD. CEJ Jahre 1904 auf Kreta gesammelten Bliiten- und Fampflanzen. Osterreichische the Linnaean Plant Name Typificadon Project by the Linnean Society of Botcmische Zeitschrift 84: 123-197. London. Zangheri, P. 1976. Flora Italica 1. Padova.

25^^3u.x_ yX (

Bull. nut. Hist. Mas. Loiul. (Bot.) 32(1): 13-59 Issued 27 June 2002

Catalogue of the lichens of Thailand

PATRICIA A. WOLSELEY Department of Botany, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD BEGONA AGUIRRE-HUDSON 58 Willowhayne Drive, Walton-on-Thames, Surrey KT12 2NR PATRICK M. McCarthy Australian Biological Resources Study, GPO Box 787, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia

Synopsis. A catalogue of the lichens of Thailand is provided based on published reports. It includes publication details of 554 species and infra-specific taxa together with information on distribution in Thailand, occurrence in other south and south-east Asian countries, literature references and the locations of named specimens.

INTRODUCTION BKF: Forest Herbarium, Royal Forest Department, Bangkok, Thailand. BM: Herbarium, Botany Department, The Natural History Before the 1990s, knowledge of the diversity and distribution of Museum, London, UK. the lichen flora of Thailand was based almost entirely on collec- C: Herbarium, Botanical Museum, University of Copenhagen, tions made by a handful of foreign visitors in the first half of the Denmark. twentieth century (Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson, 1991). During a CANB: Australian National Herbarium, CSIRO, Canberra, research project on lichens as environmental indicators based at Australia. the Natural History Museum, London, a comprehensive survey of CMU: Herbarium, Biology Department, Chiang Mai University, literature concerning lichens in south-east Asia was made and a Thailand. data base constructed, which forms the basis of this checklist COLO: Herbarium, Colorado University, Colorado, USA. (Aguirre-Hudson & Wolseley, 1994). It was not possible during DUKE: Hebarium, Botany Department, Duke University, Dur- this time to trace all types described in the literature, or to confirm ham, North Carolina, USA. the accuracy of many earlier identifications. Since then there has E: Herbarium, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, UK. been a rapid and productive expansion of lichenological research FH: Farlow Refence Library and Herbarium of Cryptogamic by Thai practitioners, especially at the Lichen Research Unit, Botany, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, further expanding the list USA. and including many newly described species (Boonpragob et al., GB: Herbarium, Botanical Museum, Gothenburg, Sweden. 1998; Pooprang et al., 1999; Vongshewarat et al, 1999; Hom- H: Herbarium, Botanical Museum, University of Helsinki, chantara & Coppins, 2002). The present checklist is conceived as Finland. a working document for all researchers in south-east Asia to KF: Herbarium, Forest Research Institute, Seoul, Korea. provide both the literature sources and herbaria in which speci- KYO: Herbarium, Botany Department, Kyoto University, Japan. mens from Thailand may be seen. L: Rijksherbarium, Leiden, Netherlands. LG: Herbarium, Botany Department, Liege University, Belgium. OSA: Herbarium, Osaka Museum of Natural History, Japan. SCOPE AND ARRANGEMENT PSU: Herbarium, Department of Biology, Prince of Songkla University, Haad Yai, Thailand.

This catalogue documents all 554 currently accepted taxa that have RAMK: Herbarium, Biology Department, Ramkhamhaeng Uni- been reported in the literature from Thailand, as well as synonyms versity, Bangkok, Thailand. previously applied to Thai specimens. Genera and species are TNS: Herbarium, Department of Botany, National Science Mu- arranged in alphabetical order, and generic and family concepts seum, Tokyo, Japan. follow Hawksworth et al. (1995). Where new combinations have not TUR-V: Vainio herbarium. Biology Department, University of been made, taxa have been placed in the current genus within square Turku, Finland. University, Sweden. brackets []. Accepted names are shown in bold and synonyms in UPS: Botanical Museum, Uppsala italics. Distribution within Thailand is given where possible by US: United States National Herbarium, Botany Department, province including new provinces and their former names (Fig. 1). Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA.

Literature pertaining to distribution in Thailand is cited and refer- Distribution of taxa in in other countries in adjacent areas of south ences provided. Location of specimens in herbaria is indicated by and south-east Asia is indicated under the subheading 'Asia'. We abbreviations following Index Herbariorum (Holmgren et al., 1 990) have avoided making taxonomic judgements on specimens we have as shown below: not examined. Consequently, a number of highly dubious identifica- AAU: Herbarium Jutlandicum, Botanical Institute, University of tions remain, as do species which will almost certainly be transferred Aarhus, Denmark. to other genera.

® The Natural History Museum. 2002 14 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Key to provinces of Thailand

Northern region CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 15

Specimens. CANB. Arthonia obscuratula Zahlbr., Cat. Lick. Univ. 2: 71 (1922). Asia. India, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka. Arthonia stenographella subsp. obscurata Vain. Anthracothecium Hampe ex A. Massal.; Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 140, as Arthonia Pyrenulaceae stenographella subsp. obscurata).

Anthracothecium macrosporum Miill. Arg., Linnaea 63: Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). 44(1888). Asia. — Anthracothecium pyrenuloides auct. non (Mont.) Miill. Arg. Arthonia ochrodes Nyl., in Willey, Syn. Gen. Arthonia: 10 Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson (1930: 99, as (1890). Anthracothecium pyrenuloides).

Specimens. BM. Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 142).

Asia. India, Indonesia. Specimen. TUR-V.

Asia. — Anthracothecium parameroides (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lick. t/mv. 1:466(1922). Arthonia perpallens Nyl., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bat., sen 4, 20: Bottaria parameroides Vain. 231 (1863).

THAILAND. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1907: 179; 1909: 143, Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang L). Vainio (1909: 141). both as Bottaria parameroides). Specimens. TUR-V. Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Asia. — Asia. Indonesia. Arthonia rhizophorae Vain., Bat. Tidsskr. 29: 141 (1909). Anthracothecium prasinum (Eschw.) R.C. Harris, in Egan, Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 141). Bryologist 90: 163(1987). Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Aguirre- Asia. —

Hudson (1997a: 333), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 216). Arthonia varia Nyl. van stenographella (Nyl.) Vain., Ann. Specimens. BM, RAMK. Acad. Sci. Fenn., sen A, 15(6): 393 (1921). Asia. Papua New Guinea. Arthonia stenographella Nyl.

Anthracothecium roseum (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lick. Univ. Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 140, as A. 1: 468 (1922). stenographella).

Bottaria rosea Vain. Specimen. TUR-V (holotype).

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1907: 179; 1909: 143, Asia. Philippines, Sri Lanka. both as Bottaria rosea). Arthopyrenia A. Massal.; Arthopyreniaceae Specimen. TUR-V (holotype).

Asia. — Arthopyrenia siamensis Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. Seuran Van. Julk. 1(3): 55 (1921). Arthonia Ach.; Arthoniaceae

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Vainio ( 192 1 : 55).

Arthonia complanata Fee, Essai Crypt. Ecorc. Offic. : 54 Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). (1824). Asia. — Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 139). A. Massal.; Arthoniaceae Specimen. TUR-V. Arthothelium

Asia. China, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Arthothelium monosporum (Vain.) Zahlbn, Cat. Lick. Univ. 2: 129(1922). Arthonia aff. mira R. Sant., Symb. Bat. Upsal. 12(1): 77 Arthonia monospora Vain. (1952). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Vainio (1921: 54, as Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Arthonia monospora). al. (1998:216).

Specimens. RAMK. Specimen. TUR-V (holotype).

Asia. — Asia. — P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Arthothelium ruanum (A. Massal.) Korb., Parerg. Lich.: Specimens. CANB. 263(1861). Asia. India, Myanmar. Arthonia ruana A. Massal. Brigantiaea Trevis.; Brigantiaeaceae Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 139, as Arthonia ruana). Brigantiaea leucoxantha (Spreng.) R. Sant & Hafellner, in Specimen. TUR-V. Hafellner & Bellemere, Nova Hedwigia 35: 246 (1981).

Asia. — Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctu- Arthothelium ruanum var. phaeosporum (Vain.) Zahlbr., ary). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333), Boonpragob et al. Cat. Lich. Univ. 2: 132(1922). (1998: 216).

Arthonia ruana var. phaeospora Vain. Specimens. BM, RAMK.

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 139, as Arthonia Asia. India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, ruana var. phaeospora). Taiwan.

Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Brigantiaea tricolor (Mont.) Trevis., Spighe e Paglie: 9 Asia. — (1853).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P, Chiang Dao N.P), Arthothelium spectabile Flotow ex A. Massal., Ric. Auton. Lampang (Doi Khun Tan N.P). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: Lich. Cro5r.: 54 (1852). 333).

Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson (1930: 99). Specimens. BM, CMU. Specimen. BM. Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Asia. China, India, Malaysia, Sri Lanka. Taiwan.

Bacidia De Not.; Bacidiaceae Buellia De Not.; Physciaceae

Bacidia affinis Vain., Acta Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 53(1): Buellia blastenioides Vain., Hedwigia 46: 171 (1907). 146 & 154(1922). Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 1 14).

Bacidia atrosanguinea Th. Fr. Specimen. TUR-V (holotype).

Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson ( 1 930: 99, as Bacidia Asia. — atrosanguinea).

Specimen. BM (not located). Buellia pleiophoroides var. meiospermoides Vain., Sot. Tidsskr. 29: 113(1909). Asia. —

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P), Trat (Koh Chang I.), Bacidia manilensis var. siamensis Vain., Suoml. Elain-ja Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng N.P). Vainio (1909: 113), Wolseley Kasvit. Seuran Van. Julk. 1(3): 46 (1921). & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 339).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Vainio (1921: 46). Specimens. BM, TUR-V (holotype).

Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Asia. —

Asia. — Buellia stramineoatra Vain., Hedwigia 46: 172 (1907).

Bacidia umbrina var. turgida Th. Fr., Lichenogr. Scand. 1: Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 115). 365 (1874). Specimens. TUR-V (syntypes).

Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson (1930: 99). Asia. — Specimen. BM (not located). Buellia subdives Vain., Hedwigia 46:172 (1907). Asia. —

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.).Vainio (1907: 172; 1909: 1 14). Bathelium Ach.; Trypetheliaceae Specimens. TUR-V (syntypes).

Bathelium madreporiforme (Eschw.) Trevis., Spighe e Asia. — Paglie: 20 i\S53). Bulbothrix Hale; Parmeliaceae Laurera madreporiformis (Eschw.) Riddle.

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Bulbothrix goebelii (Zenker) Hale, Smithsonian Contr. Bat.

al. (1998: 217, as Laurera madreporiformis). 32: 14(1976). CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 17

Parmelia addenda Vain. Bulbothrix queenslandica (Elix & G.N. Stevens) Elix, Mycotaxon 47: 126 (1993). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P.,

Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Trat (Koh Chang I.), Uthai Thani Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Loei

(Huay Kha Khaeng WildHfe Sanctuary). Vainio (1909: 107, as (Nahaew N.P.), Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P.). Pooprang et al.

Parmelia addenda). Hale (1976a: 14), Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: (1999: 119). 16), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333). Specimens. RAMK. Specimens. C (lectotype), TUR-V (isolectotype), BKF, BM, CMU, Asia. — US, Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Herbarium.

Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philip- Bulbothrix sensibilis (J. Steiner & Zahlbr.) Hale, pines, Taiwan. Phytologia 2S: 4Sl (1974).

Thailand. Loei (Nahaew N.R). Pooprang et al. ( 1999: 119). Bulbothrix hypochraea (Vain.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 480 (1974). Specimens. RAMK.

THAILAND. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden). Asia. India, Sri Lanka.

Pooprang et al. (1999: 118). Bulbothrix setschawensis (Zahlbr.) Hale, Phytologia 28: Specimens. RAMK. 481 (1974). — Asia. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P.), Lampang, Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Aguirre- Bulbothrix isidiza (Nyl.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 480 (1974). Hudson (1997a: 333).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P., Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU. Chiang Dao N.P., Maetang), Lampang (Doi Pae Luang), Loei (Ban Asia. China, India, Nepal. Sui, Phu Kradung), Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla, N.P.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Aguirre- Byssoloma Trevis.; Pilocarpaceae Hudson (1995: 318; 1997a: 333; 1997b: 355-356), Moon et al. (2000a: 99). Byssoloma chlorinum (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 8: Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU. 233 (1932).

Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et

Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. al. (1998: 216).

Specimens. RAMK. Bulbothrix laevigatula (Nyl.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 480 (1974). Asia. India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea.

Parmelia hookeri Taylor. Byssoloma leucoblepharum (Nyl.) Vain., Dansk Sot. Ark.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep). Vainio (1921: 37, as 4: 23 (1926). hookeri). Parmelia Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Wolseley & Specimen. TUR-V. Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 216).

Asia. — Specimens. BM, RAMK.

Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philip- Bulbothrix meizospora (Nyl.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 480 pines, Singapore, Vietnam. (1974). Byssoloma tricholomum (Mont.) R. Sant., Symb. Bot. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Loei Upsal. 12(1): 480 (1952). (Phu Rhoa N.P.), Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.R). Boonpragob et al.

(1998: 216), Pooprang et al. (1999: 118). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et al (1998: 216). Specimens. BM, RAMK. Specimens. RAMK. Asia. India, Indonesia, Nepal, Sri Lanka. Asia. China, Philippines, Singapore.

Bulbothrix pigmentacea (Hale) Hale, Phytologia 28: 480 Calenia Mull. Arg. emend. R. Sant.; Gomphillaceae (1974).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P.), Calenia graphidea Vain., Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., sen A, 15: Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & 163(1921). Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 318; 1997a: 333; 1997b: 355-56). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et

Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU. al. (1998: 216).

Asia. Malaysia, Philippines. Specimens. RAMK. 18 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Asia. Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Rimeliella subsumpta (Nyl.) Kurok.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Maetang). Kurokawa (1991: 9, as Calenia aff. phyllogena (Miill. Arg.) R. Sant., Symb. Bot. Rimeliella subsumpta); Moon et al. (2000a: 99). Upsal. 12(1): 349 (1952). Specimen. TNS. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et

al. (1998:216). Asia. India, Papua New Guinea.

Specimens. RAMK. Canomaculina subtinctoria (Zahlbr.) Elix, Mycotaxon 65:

Asia. India, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka. 477 (1997).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Loei Calopadia Ve^zda; Ectolechiaceae (Nahaew N.P.). Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17), Pooprang et al. (1999: 119). Calopadia fusca (Miill. Arg.) VeSzda, Folia Geobot. Phytotax.ll: 2\5{\9m). Specimens. RAMK.

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Nepal.

al. (1998:216). Canoparmelia Elix & Hale; Parmeliaceae Specimens. CANB. Canoparmelia adspersa (Vain.) Elix & Hale, in Elix, Asia. Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka. Johnston & Verdon, Mycotaxon 27: 278 (1986).

Caloplaca Th. Fr.; Teloschistaceae Parmelia adspersa Vain.

Thailand. Trat (Lem Ngob). Vainio (1907: 168, as Parmelia Caloplaca aequata (Hue) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 7: 211 adspersa). (1931). Specimens. C (isolectotype), TUR-V (lectotype and syntype). Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson ( 1 930: 99). Asia. Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Specimen. BM (not located).

Asia. — Canoparmelia concrescens (Vain.) Elix & Hale, Mycotaxon 21: 21^ (19^6). Caloplaca flavorubescens (Huds.) Laundon, Lichenologist Thailand. Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla, N.P.). Moon et al. 8: 147(1976). (2000a: 100). Caloplaca aurantiaca (Lightf.) Th. Fr. Specimens. TNS. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P.), Chumphon (Koh Asia. — Tao I.). Paulson (1930: 99, as Caloplaca aurantiaca).

Specimens. BM. Canoparmelia ecaperata (Miill. Arg.) Elix & Hale, in Elix, Johnston & Verdon, Mycotaxon 27: 278 (1986). Asia. Sri Lanka, Taiwan. Parmelia malaccensis van laeteflavens Vain. Caloplaca holocarpa (Hoffm.) A.E. Wade, Lichenologist Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P., 3: 11 (1965). Chiang Dao N.P., Maetang), Loei (Phu Kradung N.P.), Nakhon Caloplaca pyracea (Ach.) Th. Fr. Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.), Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla, N.P.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Vainio (1921: Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson (1930: 99, as 38, as Parmelia malaccensis var laeteflavens), Wolseley & Aguirre- Caloplaca pyracea). Hudson (1995: 318; 1997a: 333; 1997b: 355-56), Boonpragob etal.

Specimen. BM (not located). (1998: 216), Moon et al. (2000a: 100).

Asia. China, India. Specimens. BM, CMU, RAMK, TNS, TUR-V (lectotype and

syntype of P. malaccensis var laeteflavens), US. [Caloplaca] Placodium testaceorufum Vain., Hedwigia 46: 170(1907). Asia. India, Nepal.

Thailand. Trat (Lem Ngob). Vainio (1909: 111, as Placodium Canoparmelia owariensis (Asahina) Elix, Mycotaxon 47: testaceorufum). 127 (1993).

Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Pseudoparmelia owariensis (Asahina) Hale.

Asia. — Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Saget), Loei (Ban Sui, Phu Kradung), Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla, N.R). Hale (1976b: 39, as

Canomaculina Elix & Hale; Parmeliaceae Pseudoparmelia owariensis). Moon et al. (2000a: 100).

Specimens. TNS. Canomaculina subsumpta (Nyl.) Elix, Mycotaxon 65: 477 (1997). Asia. China (Hong Kong). CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 19

Canoparmelia pustulescens (Kurok.) Elix, Mycotaxon 47: Asia. China, Indonesia, Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan. 127(1993).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Saget), Loei (Phu Kradung). Moon Cetrelia W.L. Culb.& C.F. Culb.; Parmeliaceae etal. (2000a: 101). Cetrelia braunsiana (Mull. Arg.) W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb., Specimens. TNS. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 34: 493 (1968). Asia. India. Cetraria collata f. isidiata Asahina.

Canoparmelia salacinifera (Hale) Elix & Hale, in Elix, Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P). Sato (1962: 3, as Johnston & Verdon, Mycotaxon 27: 279 (1986). Cetraria collata f. isidiata), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333, 337). Pseudoparmelia salacinifera (Hale) Hale. Specimens. BM, TNS. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Saget, Doi Suthep N.P.), Loei (Phu Kradung N.P.). Hale (1976a: 46, as Pseudoparmelia salacinifera), Asia. China, India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines,

Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 318), Moon et al. (2000a: 101). Taiwan.

Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, TNS, US. Cetrelia japonica (Zahlbr.) W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb., Contr. Asia. — U.S. Natl. Herb. 34: 511 (1968).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P), Nakhon Nayok (Khao Canoparmelia texana (Tuck.) Elix & Hale, in Elix, Yai N.P). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333), Boonpragob Johnston & Verdon, Mycotaxon 27: 279 (1986). etal. (1998:216). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Chiang Dao N.P, Queen Sirikit Botani- Specimens. BM, RAMK. cal Garden), Lampang (Doi Khun Tan N.P), Loei (Phu Kradung

N.P). Hale (1976a: 53), Moon et al. (2000a: 101). Asia. Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan.

Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, TNS. Cetrelia nuda (Hue) W.L. Culb. & C.F Culb., Contr. U.S. Asia. India, Malaysia, Sri Lanka. Natl. Herb. 34: 513 {196S).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P). Wolseley & Aguirre- Catillaria A. Massal.; Catillariaceae Hudson (1997a: 337, 339).

Catillaria testaceolivens (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 4: Specimen. BM. 79 (1927). Asia. China, Taiwan. Lecidea testaceolivens Vain. Cetrelia olivetorum (Nyl.) W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb, Contr. Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1907: 173; 1909: 117, U.S. Natl. Herb. 34: 515 (1968). both as Lecidea testaceolivens). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P). Wolseley & Aguirre- Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Hudson (1997a: 337, 339). Asia. — Specimen. BM.

Catillaria unicolor (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 4: 83 Asia. China, India, Papua New Guinea, Taiwan. (1927).

Lecidea unicolor Vain. Chaenotheca (Th. Fr.) Th. Fr.; Coniocybaceae

Trat I.). Vainio 173; 1909: 118, Thailand. (Koh Chang (1907: Chaenotheca trichialis (Ach.) Th. Fr., Nova Acta Regiae both as Lecidea unicolor). Soc. Sci. Upsal, sen 3, 3: 251 (1860).

Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et

Asia. — al. (1998:216). Specimen. RAMK. Cetrariopsis Kurok.; Parmeliaceae Asia. India.

Cetrariopsis wallichiana (Taylor) Kurok., Mem. Nat. Sci. Mus., Tokyo U: 140(1980). Chiodecton Ach.; Roccellaceae

Cetraria wallichiana (Taylor) Miill. Arg. Chiodecton congestulum Nyl., Bull. Soc. Linn. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep). Vainio (1921: 36, as Ce- Normandie, ser. 2, 2: 106 (1868). traria wallichiana), Kurokawa (1980: 140), Wolseley & Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Thor (1990: 41). Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 318; 1997a: 333). Specimens. C, TUR-V. Specimens. BM, PSU, TNS. Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Taiwan. 20 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Chiodecton subsphaerale Nyl., Bull. Soc. Linn. Cladonia didyma var. vulcanica (Zoll. & Moritzi) Vain., Normandie, sen 2, 2: 106 (1868). Acta Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 4: 145 (1887).

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 1 38). Cladonia vulcanica Zoll.

Specimens. TUR-V. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P.), Loei (Phu Kradung N.P.). des Abbayes (1956: 259, as Cladonia vulcanica), Yoshimura Asia. Malaysia. (1978: 38, as Cladonia vulcanica).

Specimens. TNS. Chroodiscus Miill. Arg.; Thelotremataceae Asia. India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Chroodiscus mirificus (Kremp.) R. Sant., Symb. Bot. Taiwan. Upsal. 12(1): 311 (1952). Cladonia furcata (Huds.) Schrad., Spicil. Fl. Germ.: 107 Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et (1794). al. (1998: 216).

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Specimens. RAMK. al. (1998:216). Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philip- Specimens. RAMK. pines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam.

Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Taiwan. Chrysothrix Mont.; Chrysothricaceae Cladonia gymnopoda Vain., Acta Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 10: Chrysothrix candelaris (L.) Laundon, Lichenologist 13: 172(1894). 110(1981) Thailand. Loei (Phu Miang). Yoshimura (1978: 38). Lepraria xanthina Vain. Specimens. AAU, C. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P.), Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philip- Trat (Koh Chang I.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife pines, Taiwan. Sanctuary). Vainio (1909: 151, as Lepraria xanthina), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997b: 355). Cladonia modesta Ahti & Krog, Ann. Bot. Fenn. 24: 88 Specimens. BM, TUR-V. (1987).

Asia. China (Hong Kong), India, Philippines, Sri Lanka. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et

al. (1998:216). Nyl; Cladoniaceae Cladia Specimens. RAMK.

Cladia aggregata (Sw.) Nyl., Compt. Rend. Hebd. Seances Asia. — Acad Sci. S3: 8(1876). Cladonia ramulosa (With.) Laundon, Lichenologist 6: 225 Thailand. Loei (Phu Miang, Phu Kradung N.P.). Yoshimura (1984). (1978:37).

Cladonia pityrea (Florke) Fr. Specimens. AAU, C. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.), Khu Kawng, Loei Asia. China (Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, (Phu Luang N.P.). Vainio (1921: 46, as C. pityrea), Yoshimura Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan. (1978:38, as C.p/ryr^'a).

Specimens. C. Cladonia P. Browne; Cladoniaceae

Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua Cladonia calyciformis Nuno, J. Jap. Bot. 47: 161 (1972). New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka.

Thailand. Loei ( Phu Kradung N.P.). Yoshimura (1978: 37). Cladonia rangiferina (L.) F.H. Wigg., Primit. Fl. Holsat. Specimens. C, TNS (holotype). 90: 29 (1780). Asia. — Thailand. Loei (Phu Kradung N.P). Yoshimura (1978: 37), Kurokawa & Kashiwadani (1988: Lich. Ran Crit. Exs. No. 60). Cladonia ciliata var. tenuis (Florke) Ahti, Ann. Bot. Fenn. 15: 8 (1978). Specimens. C, TNS.

Cladonia tenuis (Florke) Harm. Asia. China, India, Taiwan.

Thailand. Phu Mieng. Yoshimura (1978: 37, as Cladonia tenuis). Cladonia rappii A. Evans, Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts Specimens. AAU, C. 38:297(1952).

Asia. China, India. Cladonia calycantha Delise ex Nyl. CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 21

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.), Loei (Phu Kradung Suthep N.R, Doi Inthanon N.P.), Khiri Khan, Uthai Thani (Huay

N.P.). Yoshimura (1978: 37, as C. calycantha). Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 16).

Specimens. AAU, BM, C. Specimens. BM, Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Herbarium.

Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Asia. Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Philippines, Taiwan. Coccocarpia erythroxyli (Spreng.) Swinscow & Krog, Cladonia siamea des Abbayes, Bull. 2: Kew 262 (1956). Norweg. J. Bat. 23: 256 (1976).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P., Doi Suthep N.P.), Coccocarpia molybdaea Pers. Loei (Phu Kradung N.P.). Yoshimura (1978: 37), Huovinen & Ahti (1986: 182),Stenroos(1986: 164),Kurokawa&Kashiwadani(1988: Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P.), Nakbon Yai N.R), I.), Lich. Ran Crit. Exs. Nos. 61, 62). Ratchasima (Khao Trat (Koh Chang Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Paulson (1930: 99, Specimens. (holotype), C, (isotype), RAMK, TNS. BM H as C. molybdaea), Arvidsson (1982: 62), Boonpragob et al. (1998:

Asia. Indonesia, Papua New Guinea. 216).

Specimens. BM, GB, L, RAMK, TNS. Cladonia siamea f. evoluta des Abbayes, Kew Bull. 2: 262 (1956). Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. Thailand. Loei (Phu Kradung N.P.). des Abbayes (1956: 262).

Specimens. BKF, BM (holotype). Coccocarpia glaucina Kremp., Nuovo Giorn. Bat. Ital. 7: 14(1875). Asia. — Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R), Nakhon Nayok (Khao

Cladonia siamea f. pulvinata des Abbayes, Kew Bull. 2: Yai N.R). Boonpragob et al (1998: 216). 263 (1956). Specimens. BM, RAMK. Thailand. Loei (Phu Kradung N.P). des Abbayes (1956: 263). Asia. Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Specimens. BKF, BM (holotype). Coccocarpia palmicola (Spreng.) Arv. & D.J. Galloway, Asia. — Bat. Not. 132:242(1979).

Cladonia squamosa (Scop.) Hoffm., Deutschl. Fl. 2: 125 Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden, Doi (1796). Suthep N.R, Doi Inthanon N.R, Chiang Dao N.R), Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.R), Tak (Ton Krabakyai N.R), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Arvidsson (1982: 76), Wolseley & al. (1998: 216). Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333; 1997b: 355), Mongkonsuk et al

Specimens. RAMK. (1996), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 216).

Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Specimens. BM, L, RAMK, TNS, Queen Sirikit Botanical Gar- Taiwan. den Herbarium.

Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua Cladonia subpityrea Sandst., in Zahlbruckner, Ann. New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 42: 61 (1928).

Loei Sai). Thailand. (Dan Yoshimura (1978: 38). Coccocarpia pellita (Ach.) Miill. Arg. emend. R. Sant.,

Specimens. C. Symb. Bat. Upsal. 12(1): 420 (1952). Thani Asia. Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan. Thailand. Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.R), Uthai (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Boonpragob et al (1998: 216). Cladonia transindica Ahti, Ann. Bat. Sac. Zool-Bot. Fenn. Specimens. BM, RAMK. Tflnamo' 32(1): 72 (1961). Asia. China (Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua Thailand, locality not known, des Abbayes (1964), Ahti (1984: New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka. 44), Stenroos(1988:212).

Specimen. ? CoUema F.H. Wigg.; Collemataceae Asia. China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam. Collema coccophyllum Nyl., Syn. Meth. Lich. 1: 112 Coccocarpia Pers.; Coccocarpiaceae (1858).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep). Degelius (1974: 69). Coccocarpia dissecta Swinscow & Krog, Norweg. J. Bat. 23:254(1976). Specimen. TNS.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden, Doi Asia. India. 22 P.A. wolseley, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Collema coilocarpum (Miill. Arg.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Dichosporidium Pat.; Chiodectonaceae

(//j/v. 3:34(1924). Dichosporidium boschianum (Mont.) Thor, Opera Bot. (Doi Inthanon N.P.), Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand. Chiang Mai 103:64(1990). (Khao Yai N.P.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kiia Khaeng Wildlife Sanctu- ary). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333), Boonpragob et al. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et (1998:217). al. (1998: 217).

Specimens. BM, RAMK. Specimen. RAMK.

Asia. India, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka. Asia. China (Hong Kong), India, Malaysia, Philippines, Singa- pore, Sri Lanka. Conotrema Tuck.; Stictidaceae Dictyonema C. Agardh ex Kunth; Meruliaceae

Conotrema lumbricoides Sipman, in Aptroot et al, Dictyenema sericeum (Sw.) Berk., J. Bot. (London) 2: 639 Biblioth. Lichenol. 64: 52 (1997). (1843). Thailand. Nakhon Sri Thammarat (Khao Luang N.P.). Dictyonema sericeum f. thelephora (Spreng.) Parm. Vongshewarat et al. (1999: 227)

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 151), Parmasto Specimens. RAMK. (1978:110,111). Asia. Papua New Guinea. Specimen. TUR-V.

Cresponea Egea & Torrente; Roccellaceae Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan. Cresponea chloroconia (Tuck.) Egea & Torrente, Mycotaxon^: 3X0 {\992>). Dirinaria (Tuck.) Clem.; Physciaceae

Lecanactis deminuens (Nyl.) Vain. Dirinaria aegialita (Ach.) B. Moore, Bryologist 71: 248

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: \2\, as, Lecanactis (1968). deminuens). Thailand. Chiang Mai ( Doi Inthanon N.P, Chiang Dao N.P), Specimen. TUR-V. Lampang (Doi Khun Tan N.P, Doi Pae Luang N.P). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333). Asia. — Specimens. BM, CMU.

Crocynia A. Massal.; Lecideaceae Asia. China (Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philip- pines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Vietnam. Crocynia pyxinoides Nyl., Sert. Lich. Trop. Labuan Singapore: 31 {\^9\). Dirinaria applanata (Fee) D.D. Awasthi, in Awasthi &

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P.), Agarwal, J. Indian Bot. Soc. 49: 135 (1970). N.P.), Uthai Thani Kha Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai (Huay Thailand. Khiri Khan, Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Wolseley Aguirre-Hudson (1995: Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). & Sanctuary). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333). 320; 1997a: 333, 339; 1997b: 356), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Specimens. BM. Specimens. BM, RAMK. Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua Asia. Malaysia, Singapore. New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Vietnam.

Cryptothecia Stirt.; Arthoniaceae Dirinaria confusa D.D. Awasthi, Biblioth. Lichenol. 2: 56 (1975). Cryptothecia Candida (Kremp.) R. Sant., Symb. Bot. Upsal. Thailand. Fang (northern Thailand). Yoshimura (1978: 35). 12(1): 65 (1952). Specimen. C. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et al. (1998:217). Asia. China, Papua New Guinea, Taiwan.

Specimen. RAMK. Dirinaria consimilis (Stirt.) D.D. Awasthi, in Awasthi &

Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka. Agarwal, J. Indian Bot. Soc. 49: 135 (1970).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P, Doi Inthanon N.P, Cryptothecia obtecta Patw. & Sethy, Biovigyanam 13(2): Chiang Dao N.P), Sara Buri, Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng 46(1987). Wildlife Sanctuary). Awasthi (1975: 93), Wolseley & Aguirre-

Thailand. Northern Thailand. Wolseley ( 1 99 1 : 240). Hudson (1995: 321; 1997a: 333; 1997b: 355).

Specimen. BM. Specimens. BM, CMU.

Asia. India. Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Vietnam. CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 23

Dirinaria picta fSw.) Clem. & Shear, Gen. Fung.: 323 Eremothecella Syd.; Arthoniaceae (1931). Eremothecella macrocephala (R. Sant.) Thor, Lucking & Physcia picta Nyl. Matsumoto, Symb. Bot. Upsal. 32(3): 39 (2000). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Khiri Stirtonia macrocephala R. Sant. Khan, Trat (Koh Chang L). Vainio (1909: 112, as Physcia picta),

Paulson ( 1 930: 1 00, as P. picta), Mongkonsuk et al. ( 1 996), Wolseley Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et

& Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 321). al. (1998: 217, as Stirtonia macrocephala).

Specimens. BM, TUR-V, Herbarium Queen Sirikit Botanical Specimens. RAMK. Garden. Asia. Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Asia. China (Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Erioderma Fee; Pannariaceae Vietnam. Erioderma sorediatum D.J. Galloway & RM. J0rg., Echinoplaca Fee; Gomphillaceae Lichenologistl: 139(1975).

Echinoplaca epiphylla Fee, Essai Crypt. Ecorc. Ojfic. : 93 Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.), Nakhon Nayok (Khao (1824). Yai N.P.). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 321; 1997a: 339),

Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). THAILAND. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Specimens. BM, RAMK.

Specimen. RAMK. Asia. Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka.

Asia. China (Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Eschatogonia Trevis., ?Acarosporaceae Philippines, Vietnam.

Echinoplaca pellicula (Miill. Arg.) R. Sant., Symb. Bot. Eschatogonia prolifera (Mont.) R. Sant., in Swinscow & Upsal. 12(1): 367 (1952). Krog, Macrolichens East Africa: 86 (1988).

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P.), Lampang (Wiang al. (1998: 217). Kosai N.P.), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.), Satun (Thaleban N.P.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Kaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Specimen. RAMK. Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217).

Asia. China, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Specimens. BM, RAMK. Vietnam. Asia. — Endocarpon Hedwig; Verrucariaceae Everniastrum Hale ex Sipman; Parmeliaceae Endocarpon adscendens Miill. Arg., Bull. Trav. Soc. Murith. Valais 10: 58 (1881). Everniastrum cirrhatum (Fr.) Hale ex Sipman, Mycotaxon Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et 26: 237 (1986). al. (1998: 217). Parmelia cirrhata Fn Specimen. CANB. Cetrariastrum cirrhatum (Fr.) W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb. Parmelia vulgaris Vain. Asia. — Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep, Doi Inthanon, Chiang Dao Enterographa Fee; Chiodectonaceae N.P.), Loei (Phu Luang). Vainio (1921: 38, as Parmelia vulgaris),

Sato (1962: 3, as P. cirrhata). Moon et al. (2000a: 101, as [Enterographa] Chiodecton pallidellum var. olivaceoalba Cetrariastrum cirrhatum). Vain., Bot. Tidsskr. 29: 138 (1909). Specimens. BM, CMU, TNS, TUR-V. Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 138), Thor (1990: 86). Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Taiwan.

Specimen. TUR-V (not located). — Everniastrum nepalense (Taylor) Hale ex Sipman, Asia. Mycotaxon 26: 239 (1986).

[Enterographa] Chiodecton pallidellum var. Cetrariastrum nepalense (Taylor) W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb. olivaceostraminea Vain., Bot. Tidsskr 29: 137 (1909). Parmelia americana (Meyen & Flotow) Mont.

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 137), Thor (1990: Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P.,

86). Chiang Dao N.R, Maetang), Yala (Banglang N.P). Vainio ( 192 1 : 38, as Parmelia americana), Sato (1962: 6, as P. americana), Wolseley Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). & Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 321; 1997a: 333), Moon et al. (2000a: Asia. — 101, as Cetrariastrum nepalense). 24 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Specimens. BM, CMU, PSU, RAMK. TNS. Kurokawa, Lich. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P, Doi Suthep N.P). Ran Crit. Exs. No. 78. Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997: 333).

Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Nepal. Specimens. BM.

Asia. India, Indonesia, Nepal. Everniastrum scabridum Elix & Pooprang, in Pooprang et al., Mycotaxon 71: 112 (1999). Graphina Miiil. Arg,; Graphidaceae

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.). Pooprang et al. ( 1 999: 112). Graphina boschiana Miill. Arg., Flora 65: 385 (1882).

Specimens. BM, CMU, RAMK (holotype). Graphis concolor Nyl. — Asia. Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 128, as Graphis concolor). Everniastrum sorocheilum (Vain.) Hale ex Sipman, Mycotaxon 26: 242 (1986). Specimens. TUR-V.

Parmelia sorocheila Vain. Asia. India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Sato (1962: 4, as Graphina columbiana (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 2: Parmelia sorocheila Vain.). 402 (1924). Specimen. OSA. Graphis obtecta var. columbiana Nyl. Asia. China, Indonesia, Philippines, Taiwan. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Vainio (1921: 51, as Graphis obtecta var. columbiana). Everniastrum vexans (Zahlbr. ex W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb.) Hale ex Sipman, Mycotaxon 26: 242 (1986). Specimen. TUR-V.

Cetrariastrum vexans Zahlbr. ex W.L. Culb. & C.F. Culb. Asia. India.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P.), Graphina consimilis (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 2: Loei (Phu Luang N.P). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 318; 402 (1923). 1997a: 333), Moon et al. (2000a: 101, as Cetrariastrum vexans). Graphis consimilis Vain. Specimens. BM, TNS.

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1907: 177; 1909: 127, Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, both as Graphis consimilis). Taiwan. Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Fuscopannaria P.M. J0rg.; Pannariaceae Asia. Philippines. Fuscopannaria siamensis P.M. J0rg. & Wolseley, in J0rgensen, J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 89: 256 (2000). Graphina fissurinoidea (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 2: 406 (1923). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P.). J0rgensen (2000: 256). Graphis fissurinoidea (Nyl.)Vain.

Specimens. BM (holotype). Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 128, as Graphis fissurinoidea). Asia. — Specimen. TUR-V. Glyphis Ach.; Graphidaceae Asia. —

Glyphis cicatricosa van confluens (Zenker) Zahlbr., Graphina glaucorufa (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 2: Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien Math.-Naturwiss. CI. 407(1923). 83: 112(1909). Graphis glaucorufa Vain. Graphis cicatricosa var. confluens (Zenker) Vain. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Vainio (1921: 51, as

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Graphis glaucorufa). Wildlife Sanctuary). Vainio (1909: 136, as Graphis cicatricosa var. Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). confluens). Asia. — Specimens. BM, TUR-V.

Asia. Vietnam. Graphina intermedians (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 2: 411 (1923). Graphidastra (Redinger) Thor; Chiodectonaceae Graphis intermedians Vain.

Graphidastra byssiseda (Miill. Arg.) Thor, Opera Bot. 103: Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Vainio (1921: 50, as 80(1990). Graphis intermedians). CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 25

Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Graphis albonitens Mull. Arg., Hedwigia 30: 53 (1891)

Asia. — Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson ( 1 930: 99).

Specimen. BM. Graphina intricata (Eschw.) Miill. Arg., Flora 71:510 (1888). Asia. —

Graphis subintricata Kremp. Graphis glaucocinerea Vain., Hedwigia 46: 178 (1907). Graphis extricata Vain.

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1907: 178; 1909: 135). Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang L). Vainio (1909: 126, as Graphis subintricata and G. extricata). Specimens. TUR-V, FH (both syntypes).

Specimens. TUR-V. Asia. —

Asia. Sri Lanka. Graphis hossei Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. Seuran Van. Julk. 1(3): 54 (1921). Graphina ruiziana var. gracilior MUll. Arg., Flora 65: 385

(1882). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio (1921: 54), Patwardhan & Kulkarni (1976: 127). Graphis ruiziana var. gracilior Vain. Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 125, as Graphis ruiziana var. gracilior). Asia. India.

Specimens. TUR-V. Graphis leptospora Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. Seuran Asia. Indonesia. Van. Julk. 1(3): 53 (1921).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio ( 1 92 1 : 53). Graphina simplex (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 2: 425 (1923). Specimens. TUR-V (holotype).

Graphis simplex Vain. Asia. —

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1907: 127 as Graphis Graphis lineola Ach., Lichenogn Universalis: 264 (1810). simplex).

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 134). Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Specimen. TUR-V. Asia. —

Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Papua New Graphina streblocarpa war. pauperior Vain., Suom. Elain- Guinea, Philippines. ja Kasvit. Seuran Van. Julk. 1(3): 50 (1921). Graphis ochrocheila Vain., Hedwigia 46: 178 (1907). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio ( 1 92 1 : 50).

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1907: 178; 1909: 135) Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Asia. — Asia. — Graphina subobtecta war. feracior (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. f/mv. 2:427(1923). Graphis pyrrhocheiloides Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 2: 321 (1923). Graphis subobtecta var. feracior Vain. Graphis pyrrhocheila Vain. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio (1921: 51, as Graphis subobtecta var.feracior). Thailand. Trat (Lem Ngob). Vainio (1907: 179; 1909: 136, both as Graphis pyrrhocheila). Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Asia. — Asia. India, Indonesia. Graphis Adans.; Graphidaceae Graphis sauroidea Leight., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 25: Graphis afzelii Ach., Syn. Meth. Lich.: 85 (1814). 452(1866).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Baw Luang), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio ( 1 909: 1 33). Yai N.R), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Specimens. TUR-V. Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Asia. — Specimens. RAMK, BM.

Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sin- Graphis siamensis Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. Seuran gapore, Sri Lanka, Vietnam. Van. Julk. 1(3): 52 (1921). 26 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep). Vainio ( 1 92 1 : 52). Gyalideopsis Ve^zda; Gomphillaceae

Specimens. TUR-V (holotype). Gyalideopsis rubescens Veezda, Folia Geobot. Phytotax. Asia. — 14:67(1979).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R), Nakhon Ratchasima Graphis striatula (Ach.) Spreng., S\st. Veg., 16th ed, 4: (Khao Yai N.R). Wolseley Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333), 250(1827). & Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 134). Specimens. BM, RAMK. Specimens. TUR-V. Asia. — Asia. China, India. Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka. Gymnoderma Nyl.; Cladoniaceae Graphis subdisserpens Nyl., Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie, sen 2,7: 16(1874). Gymnoderma coccocarpum Nyl., Syn. Meth. Lich. 2: 26

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio ( 1 909: 1 32). (1863).

Specimens. TUR-V. Thailand. Nakhon Nayok. Yoshimura & Sharp (1968: 635- 640), Hawksworth & Yoshimura (1973: 503), Yoshimura (1982: Asia. India. 84), Kashiwadani & Gradstein (1982: 80).

Graphis subdisserpens f. arbusculaeformis Vain., Bot. Specimens. US. ^ Tidsskr. 29: 132(1909). Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan.

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 132). Gyrostomum Fr.; Thelotremataceae Specimens. TUR-V (holotype).

Asia. — Gyrostomum scyphuliferum (Ach.) Nyl., Ann. Sci. Nat. fiof.,ser. 4, 16:96(1862). Graphis tenella Ach., Syn. Meth. Lich.: 81 (1814). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R), Nakhon Ratchasima N.R). Vainio Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep (1909: 133; (Khao Yai N.R), Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 121), Wolseley 1921:54). & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217).

Specimens. TUR-V. Specimens. BM, RAMK, TUR-V.

Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka. Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Phil- ippines, Taiwan, Vietnam. Graphis tenella van epiphaea Vain., Bot. Tidsskr. 29: 133 (1909). Haematomma A. Massal; Haematommataceae

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 133). Haematomma collatum (Stirt.) C.W. Dodge, Beih. Nova Specimens. TUR-V (holotype). Hedwigia 3S: 4\ (1971). — Asia. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R, Doi Inthanon N.R), Lampang (Doi Khun Tan N.R), Uthai Thani (Khao Nang Ram Graphis tenella var. leptocarpoides Vain., Bot. Tidsskr. 29: Wildlife Sanctuary). Staiger & Kalb (1995: 89). 133(1909). Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, COLO. Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio ( 1 909: 1 33). Asia. India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka. Specimens. TUR-V (syntypes).

Asia. — Haematomma puniceum (Ach.) A. Massal., Atti Reale 1st. Veneto, Sci. Lett. Arti, ser. 3, 5: 253 (1860). Graphis tenuis Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. Seuran Van. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R, Doi Inthanon N.R), ML 1(3): 53 (1921). Uthai Thani (Khao Nang Ram Wildlife Sanctuary). Vainio (1921: Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio (1921: 53). 43), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 339).

Specimens. TUR-V (syntypes). Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, TUR-V.

Asia. — Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Vietnam. Graphis trichospora Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. Seuran Van. ML 1(3): 52 (1921). Haematomma wattii (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 5: 776 (1928). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio (1921: 52). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R, Chiang Dao N.R). Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Staiger & Kalb (1995: 89), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: Asia. — 333, 339). CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 27

Specimens. BM, CMU. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R). Wolseley & Aguirre- Hudson (1997a: 333). Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philip- pines. Specimens. BM.

Asia. China. Hafellia Kalb, H. Mayrhofer & Scheidegger; Physciaceae Heterodermia hypocaesia (Yasuda) D.D. Awasthi,

Geophytology 3: 1 13 (1973). Hafellia disciformis (Fr.) Marbach & H. Mayrhofer, in Marbach, Biblioth. Lichenol. 74: 259 (2000). Anaptychia hypocaesia Yasuda

Buellia disciformis (Fr.) Mudd Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R, Maetang District), Loei (Phu Kradung N.R). Kurokawa (1973: 603, as Anaptychia Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.). Vainio (1921: 45, as hypocaesia). Buellia disciformis). Specimens. TNS. Specimens. TUR-V. Asia. China, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan. Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Vietnam.

Heterodermia hypoleuca (Ach.) Trevis., Atti Soc. Ital. Set. Heterodermia Trevis.; Physciaceae Nat. 11:615(1868).

Heterodermia albicans (Pers.) Swinscow & Krog, Anaptychia hypoleuca (Ach.) A. Massal. Lichenologist S: 113(1976). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R, Doi Inthanon N.R, Physcia crispa var. mollescens (Nyl.) Vain. Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Vainio (1921: 45, as Anaptychia hypoleuca), Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Trat Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17). (Koh Chang I.). Vainio ( 1 909: 11 1 , as Physcia crispa var. mollescens),

Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17). Specimens. BM, TUR-V, Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Her- barium. Specimens. TUR-V, Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Herbarium. Asia. China, India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Asia. China, Malaysia, Philippines. Taiwan.

Heterodermia dendritica (Pers.) Poelt, Nova Hedwigia 9: Heterodermia incana (Stirt.) D.D. Awasthi, Geophytology 31 (1965). 3: 114(1973). Anaptychia dendritica Pers. Anaptychia incana (Stirt.) Zahlbr.

Thailand. Hase Plantation, probably Laos. Kurokawa ( 1 962: 54; Thailand. Hase Plantation, probably Laos. Kurokawa ( 1 962: 92, 1973: 602, both as Anaptychia dendritica). as Anaptychia incana). Specimen. TNS. Specimen. TNS. Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Taiwan. Taiwan.

Heterodermia leucomelos (L.) Poelt, Nova Hedwigia 9: 31 Heterodermia diademata (Taylor) D.D. Awasthi, (1965). Geophytology 3: 113 (1973). Anaptychia leucomelaena (L.) A. Massal. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P., Doi Suthep N.P., Anaptychia neoleucomelaena Kurok. Chiang Dao N.R). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997b: 356). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R, Doi Inthanon N.R), Specimens. BM. Trat (Koh Chang I., Lem Dan). Vainio (1921: 44, as Anaptychia

Asia. India, China, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka. leucomelaena), Kurokawa (1961: 51, as A. neoleucomelaena), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333).

Heterodermia esorediata (Vain.) Du Rietz & Lynge, in Specimens. BM, TUR-V.

Lynge, Videnskaps. I. Mat.-Naturv. Kl. 16; 14 (1924). Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New Anaptychia esorediata Vain. Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan.

Thailand. Locality not given. Kurokawa (1959: 179, as Heterodermia microphylla (Kurok.) Skorepa, Bryologist Anaptychia esorediata). 75: 490 (1972). Specimen. TNS (not seen). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R), Nakhon Nayok (Khao

Asia. India, Indonesia, Philippines. Yai N.R). Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217).

Specimens. BM, RAMK. Heterodermia fragilissima (Kurok.) J.-C. Wei & Y.-M. Jiang, Lick. Xizang: 111 (1986). Asia. China, India, Papua New Guinea. 28 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Heterodermia pandurata (Kurok.) J.-C. Wei, Enum. Lich. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P.). Pooprang et al. China: 112(1991). (1999: 119), Moon etal. (2000a: 101).

Anaptychia pandurata Kurok. Specimens. RAMK, TNS.

Thailand. Hase Plantation, probably Laos. Kurokawa (1962: Asia. China, India, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan. 95-96). Hypotrachyna adjuncta (Hale) Hale, Phytologia 28: 341 Specimens. TNS. (1974). Asia. Taiwan. Parmelia exsecta Taylor. Hypotrachyna exsecta (Taylor) Hale. Heterodermia speciosa (Wulfen) Trevis., Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. 11:614(1868). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P.), Loei (Phu Luang N.P), Phitsanulok. Sato (1962: 3, as Parmelia Anaptychia speciosa (Wulfen) A. Massal. exsecta) Kurokawa ( 1 986: 265, as Hypotrachyna exsecta), Pooprang

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P.). et al. (1999: 120), Moon et al. (2000a: 101, and as H. exsecta). Vainio (1921: 45, as Anaptychia speciosa). Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, RAMK, TNS. Specimens. BM, TUR-V. Asia. India, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan.

Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka. Hypotrachyna bahiana (Nyl.) Hale, Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 25:23(1975). Hypogymnia (Nyl.) Nyl.; Hypogymniaceae Parmelia bahiana Nyl.

[Hypogymnia] Parmelia coilocarpa Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep). Vainio (1921: 38, as Kasvit. Seuran Van. Julk. 1(3): 40 (1921), auct. non Stirt. Parmelia bahiana).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep). Vainio (1921: 40, as Specimen. TUR-V. Parmelia coilocarpa). Asia. — Specimens. BM, TUR-V (syntype). Hypotrachyna chlorobarbatica Elix & Pooprang, in Asia. — Pooprang, Boonpragob & Elix, Mycotaxon 72: 113 (1999).

Hypogymnia pseudobitteriana (D.D. Awasthi) D.D. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Pooprang et al. Awasthi, in Awasthi & Singh, Geophytology 1: 101 (1972). (1999: 113).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep Pui N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P.). Specimens. CANB (isotype), RAMK (holotype). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 318). Asia. — Specimens. BM. Hypotrachyna coorgiana Patw. & Prabhu, Bryologist 80: Asia. India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Taiwan. 348 (1997).

(Khao Yai N.P.), Phitsanulok Hypogymnia subphysodes (Kremp.) Filson, Victorian Nat. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima 87:327(1970) (Phu Hin Rongkla N.R). Pooprang et al. (1999: 120). Specimens. RAMK. Parmelia subphysodes Kremp. Asia. India. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep, N.P.). Vainio (1921: 40, as Parmelia subphysodes), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333). Hypotrachyna crenata (Kurok.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 341 Specimens. BM, TUR-V. (1974).

Asia. — Parmelia crenata Kurok.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Maetang District). Kurokawa (1988: Hypogymnia vittata (Ach.) Gas., Acta Soc. Linn. Bordeaux 167-168, as Parmelia crenata). Moon et al. (2000a: 101). 53:66(1898). Specimens. TNS. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P.). Wolseley & Aguirre- Hudson (1997a: 333, 337). Asia. India, Indonesia, Taiwan.

Specimens. BM. Hypotrachyna dactylifera (Vain.) Hale, Smithsonian Contr.

Asia. China, India, Malaysia, Nepal, Taiwan. 5or. 25:30(1975).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P., Doi Suthep N.P.). Hypotrachyna (Vain.) Hale; Parmeliaceae Moon etal. (2000a: 101).

Specimens. TNS. Hypotrachyna adducta (Nyl.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 341 (1974). Asia. — CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 29

Hypotrachyna ducalis (Jatta) Hale, Smithsonian Contr. Specimens. TNS. Bot. 25: 33(1975). Asia. — Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 335), Hypotrachyna masonhalei Patw. & Prabhu, Bryologist 80: Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). 348 (1997).

Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, RAMK. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Pooprang et al. ( 1 999: 121). Asia. — Specimen. RAMK. Hypotrachyna granulans K.H. Moon, Kurok. Kashiw., & Asia. India. Bull. Nam. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, ser. B, 26: 135 (2000).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R). Moon et al. (2000b: Hypotrachyna orientalis (Hale) Hale, Phytologia 28: 341 135-137). (1974).

Specimens. TNS (holotype), RAMK (isotype). Parmelia orientalis Hale.

Asia. — Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R), Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.R). Hale (1971: 435, as Parmelia orientalis Hale), Culberson Hypotrachyna imbricatula (Zahlbr.) Hale, Smithsonian & Hale (1973: 166, as P. orientalis), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson Contr. Bot. 25: A\ (1975). (1995: 318), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217), Moon et al. (2000a: 102). Parmelia imbricatula Zahlbr. Specimens. BM, CMU, KF, TNS (isotype), UPS (isotype), US Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R, Doi Pacho, Maetang), (holotype). Loei (Ban Sui, Phu Kradung). Hale (1971: 16, as Parmelia Asia. India, Malaysia, Papua Guinea, Philippines. imbricatula). Moon et al. (2000a: 101). New

Specimens. TNS. Hypotrachyna osseoalba (Vain.) Y.S. Park & Hale, Taxon 38: Asia. India, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan. 88 (1989).

Parmelia osseoalba Vain. Hypotrachyna immaculata (Kurok.) Hale, Smithsonian Hypotrachyna formosana auct. non (Zahlbr.) Hale. Contr. Bot. 25: 41 (1975). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R, Doi Inthanon N.R, Thailand. Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P.). Pooprang et al. Maetang), Loei (Ban Sui, Phu Kradung N.R), Nakhon Ratchasima (1999: 120). (Khao Yai N.R). Vainio ( 1 92 1 : 39, as Parmelia osseoalba), Wolseley Aguirre-Hudson as Hypotrachyna Specimen. RAMK. & (1995: 318, formosana), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217, as H. formosana). Moon et al. (2000a: Asia. India. 102).

Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, RAMK, TNS, TUR-V (holotype). Hypotrachyna infirma (Kurok.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 341 (1974). Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan.

Parmelia infirma Kurok. Hypotrachyna physcioides (Nyl.) Hale, Smithsonian Contr. Thailand. Loei (Ban Sui, Phu Kradung). Hale & Kurokawa Bot. 25: 54 (1975).

(1964: 179, as Parmelia infirma), Awasthi (1977: 177), Moon et al. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R, Doi Pacho, Maetang), (2000a: 101). Loei (Nahaew N.R, Phu Kradung). Pooprang et al. (1999: 120), Specimen. TNS. Moonetal. (2000a: 102).

Asia. India, Nepal, Taiwan. Specimens. RAMK, TNS.

Asia. India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea. Hypotrachyna kingii (Hale) Hale, J. Jap. Bot. 43: 324 (1968). Hypotrachyna ramkhamhaengiana Elix & Pooprang, in Parmelia kingii Hale. Pooprang, Boonpragob & Elix, Mycotaxon 72: 113 (1999).

Thailand. Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.R). Hale (1968: 324, as Thailand. Sakon Nakhon (Phu Pan N.R). Pooprang et al. (1999:

Parmelia kingii). Moon et al. (2000a: 101). 113).

Specimens. TNS (isotype), US (holotype). Specimens. RAMK (holotype).

Asia. Indonesia. Asia. —

Hypotrachyna massartii (Hue) Hale, Phytologia 28: 341 Hypotrachyna scytodes (Kurok.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 341 (1974). (1974).

Thailand. Loei (Phu Kradung). Moon et al. (2000a: 102). Parmelia scytodes Kurok. 30 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Maetang District). Culberson & Hale Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Vongshewarat

(1973: 166, as Parmelia scytodes). Moon et al. (2000a: 102). etal. (1999:228).

Specimens. TNS. Specimens. RAMK.

Asia. India, Malaysia. Asia. India, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka.

Imshaugia S.L.F. Mey.; Parmeliaceae Laurera meristospora (Mont. & Bosch) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. t/mv. 1:505(1922). Imshaugia placorodia (Ach.) S.L.F. Mey., Mycotaxon 35: Thelenella interrupta Vain. 189(1989). Clathroporina interrupta (Vain.) Zahlbr. Parmeliopsis placorodia (Ach.) Nyl. Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden). N.P). Vainio (1907: 180, 1909: 149, both as Thelenella interrupta),

Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17, as Parmeliopsis placorodia). McCarthy ( 1 995: 347, as Laurera aff. meristospora), Boonpragob et

al. (1998:217). Specimens. Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Herbarium.

Specimens. RAMK, TUR-V (holotype of T. interrupta). Asia. — Asia. Indonesia, Papua New Guinea. lonaspis Th. Fr.; Hymeneliaceae Laurera meristosporoides RM. McCarthy & lonaspis tropica Aptroot, in Aptroot et al., Biblioth. Vongshewarat, in Vongshewarat et al, Mycotaxon 71: 228 Lichenol. 64: 13 (1997). (1999).

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Thailand. Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P). Vongshewarat et al. (1998:217). al. (1999:228).

Specimens. RAMK. Specimens. CANB (holotype).

Asia. Papua New Guinea. Asia. —

Lasioloma R. Sant.; Ectolechiaceae Laurera phaeomelodes (Miill. Arg.) Zahlbr., in Engler &

Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1, 1: 71 (1903). Lasioloma arachnoideum (Kremp.) R. Sant., Symb. Bot. et f//?5fl/. 12(1): 547 (1952). Thailand. Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P). Vongshewarat al. (1999:230). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et al. (1998:217). Specimens. RAMK.

Specimens. RAMK. Asia. India.

Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philip- Laurera subdiscreta (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 1: 506 pines, Vietnam. (1922).

Nakhon (Phu Pan Laurera Rchb.; Trypetheliaceae Thailand. Buri Ram (Khao Kadong), Sakon N.P.). Vongshewarat et al. (1999: 230).

Laurera benguelensis (Miill. Arg.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Specimens. RAMK. f/mv. 1:503(1992). Asia. India. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Lecanactis Korb.; Roccellaceae Sanctuary). Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17), Wolseley & Aguirre- Hudson (1997a: 339, 1997b: 356), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Lecanactis flavisedella (Nyl.) Tehler, Willdenowia 22: 206 (1992). Specimens. BM, RAMK, Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Her- barium. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson Asia. India. (1997a: 333, 339).

Laurera keralensis D.K. Upreti & A. Singh, Bull. Jard. Specimens. BM. Bot. Belg. 57:314(19^1). Asia. India. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P), Sakon Nakhon (Ratchapat Sakon). Vongshewarat et al. (1999: 227). Lecanora Ach.; Lecanoraceae Specimens. RAMK. Lecanora achroella Nyl., J. Bot. 14: 263 (1876). Asia. India. Lecanora monodorae Vain.

Laurera megasperma (Mont.) Riddle, Bull. Torrey Bot. Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 109, as Lecanora Club 44: 323 {\9\1). monodorae). CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 31

Specimens. TUR-V. Specimens. BM.

Asia. — Asia. China, Sri Lanka.

Lecanora cinereocarnea (Eschw.) Vain., Etud. Class. Lich. Lecanora subgranulata Nyl., Lich. Nov.-Zei: 62 (1888). BresilV. 80(1891). Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 108). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.), Trat (Koh Chang L, Specimens. TUR-V. Lem Dan). Vainio (1909: 108; 1921: 41). Asia. — Specimens. TUR-V.

Asia. Philippines, Vietnam. Lecidea Ach.; Lecideaceae

Lecanora fumigata Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. Seuran Lecidea inolescens Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. Seuran Van. ML 1(3): 42 (1921). Van.JulL 1(3): 48 (1921).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio (1921: 42). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio ( 1 92 1 : 48).

Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Specimens. TUR-V (type not located).

Asia. — Asia. —

Lecanora lividocarnea Vain., Philipp. J. Sci., sect. C, 8: Lecidopyrenopsis Vain.; Lichinaceae 100(1913). Lecidopyrenopsis corticola Vain., Hedwigia 46: 172 Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio (1921: 41). (1907). Specimens. TUR-V. Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 117),Zahlbruckner Asia. Philippines. (1926: 172), Henssen (1979: 485; 1989: 102).

Specimens. C (isolectotype), TUR-V (lectotype). Lecanora lividoglauca Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. Seuran Van. ML 1(3): 41 (1921). Asia. —

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio ( 1 92 1 : 4 ). 1 Leprocaulon Nyl.; Fungi Imperfecti Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Leprocaulon arbuscula (Nyl.) Nyl., Lich. Ins. Guineensis: Asia. — 8(1889).

Lecanora phaeocardia Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R, Doi Suthep N.R), Seuran Van. ML 1(3): 41 (1921). Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson

(1997a: 333), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Lecanora phaeocardia var. lividofuscescens Vain. Lecanora phaeocardia var. subcrenulans Vain. Specimens. BM, RAMK.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R), Nong Boa, Uthai Asia. China, India, Taiwan. Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Vainio (1921: 41, 42), Lumbsch et al. (1996: 283-285). Leptogium (Ach.) S.F. Gray; Collemataceae

Specimen. TUR-V (holotype of Lecanora phaeocardia var. Leptogium asiaticum P.M. J0rg., Herzogia 2: 466 (1973). lividofuscescens). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R, Chiang Dao N.R), Asia. India, Indonesia. Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Lecanora pulicaris (Pers.) Ach., Syn. Meth. Lich.: 336 Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333). (1814). Specimens. BM, CMU.

Lecanora var. chlarona Ach. subfusca Asia. China, India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka.

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 108, as Lecanora (Sw. ex Ach.) Mont., in Webb subfusca var. chlarona). Leptogium azureum & Berthelot, Hist. Nat. lies Canar. 3(2): 129 (1840). Specimens. TUR-V. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R, Chiang Dao N.R), Asia. China, India, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Lampang (Doi Khun Tan N.R), Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.R), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary), Yala (Banglang Lecanora subfusca Ach., Lichenogr. Universalis: 393 Reservoir). Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). (1810). Specimens. BM, CMU. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R), Chumphon (Koh Tao Guinea, Sri I.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Paulson Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New (1930: 99), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997b: 356). Lanka, Vietnam. 32 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Leptogium burgessii (L.) Mont., in Webb & Berthelot, Hudson (1997a: 333; 1997b: 355), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Hist. Nat. lies Canar. 3(2): 129 (1840). Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU. Thafland. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden). Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Malaysia. Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17).

Specimen. Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Herbarium. Leptogium javanicum Mont., Syll. Gen. Sp. Crypt.: 379 (1856). Asia. India. Indonesia. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P, Chiang Dao N.P), Leptogium caesium (Ach.) Vain., Acta Soc. Fauna Fl. Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Fenn. 7:225(1890). Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333).

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 1 16). Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU.

Specimen. TUR-V. Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines.

Asia. India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea. Leptogium marginellum (Sw.) S.F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. PL

Leptogium chloromelum (Sw.) Nyl., Syn. Meth. Lich. 1: 1:401 (1821).

128(1858). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P, Doi Inthanon N.P,

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden). Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Tak (Ton Krabakyai N.P), Uthai

Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17). Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley (1991: 236), Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17). Specimen. Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Herbarium. Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. Asia. India, Herbarium.

Leptogium cochleatum (Dicks.) P.M. J0rg. & P. James, Asia. India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Lichenologist 15: 113 (1983). Leptogium moluccanum (Pers.) Vain., Etude Class. Lich. Leptogium tremelloides auct. fire5// 1:223 (1890).

Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson (1930: 99, as Leptogium tremelloides). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep). Vainio (1921: 46), Sato (1962:2). Specimen. BM. TUR-V, TNS. Asia. India. Specimens.

Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Taiwan. Leptogium coralloideum (Meyen & Plot.) Vain., Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., sen A, 6(7): 110 (1915). Leptogium resupinans Nyl., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., sen 4, 15: Leptogium chloromelum auct. non. (Sw.) Nyl. 368(1861).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P.), Chumphon (Koh Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P). J0rgensen (1997:

Tao 1.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Paulson 128). (1930: 99, as Leptogium chloromelum auct. non. (Sw.) Nyl.). Specimens. BM. Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU. Asia. India. Asia. Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Leptogium trichophorum Miill. Arg., Flora 72: 505 Leptogium cyanescens (Rabenh.) Korb., Syst. Lich. Germ.: (1889). 420(1855). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P, Doi Inthanon N.P). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P., Vainio (1921: 46). Chiang Dao N.P.), Lampang (Doi Khun Tan N.P.), Nakhon Nayok TUR-V. (Khao Yai N.P), Tak (Ton Krabakyai N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Specimens. BM, CMU,

Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley (1991: 236), Wolseley & Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Taiwan.

Aguirre-Hudson ( 1 997a: 333,1 997b: 355), Boonpragob et al. ( 1 998: 217). Letrouitia Hafellner & Bellem.; Letrouitiaceae Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU. Letrouitia domingensis (Pers.) Hafellner & Bellem., Nova Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua Hedwigia 35: 2S\ (1982). New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P, Doi Inthanon N.P,

Leptogium denticulatum Nyl., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., sen 5, 7: Chiang Dao N.P), Lampang (Doi Khun Tan N.P), Nakhon 302(1867). Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary), Yala (Banglang N.P). Wolseley et al. (1994: Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P, Doi Inthanon N.P, 122), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Chiang Dao N.P), Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Aguirre- Specimens. BM, CMU, RAMK. CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 33

Asia. India, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Lobaria isidiosa (Miill. Arg.) Vain., Philipp. J. Sci., sect. C, Vietnam. 8: 129(1913).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R, Doi Suthep N.R). Letrouitia flavocrocea (Nyl.) Hafellner & Bellem., Nova Sato (1962: 3), Yoshimura ( 1 97 1 : 295). Hedwigia 35: 2S\ (1982). Specimens. TNS. Thailand. Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary), Yala (La Or Rung). Wolseley et al. (1994: 122). Asia. China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philip- pines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Vietnam. Specimens. BM, CMU.

Asia. India, Philippines. Lobaria pseudopulmonaria Gyeln., Acta Fauna Fl. Univ., ser. 2, 1(5/6): 6 (1933). Letrouitia leprolyta (Nyl.) Hafellner, Nova Hedwigia 35: Thailand. Chiang Mai (Chieng Dao N.R, Doi Suthep N.R), Loei 693(1981). (Phu Luang N.R). Yoshimura (1971: 291; 1978: 39). Thailand. Chumphon (N. of Pranburi), Lampang (Doi Luang), Specimens. C, KYO, TNS. Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Hafellner (1981: 694), Wolseley et al. (1994: 122), Wolseley & Aguirre- Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Hudson (1997a: 333, 339; 1997b; 355). Philippines, Taiwan.

Specimens. BM. Lobaria retigera (Bory) Trevis. Schedae Lich. Veneta No. Asia. India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka. 75(1869).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R, Doi Suthep N.R). Letrouitia subvulpina (Nyl.) Hafellner, Nova Hedwigia 35: Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 334). 705 (1982). Specimens. BM. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.), Uthai Thani

(Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley et al. (1994: Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, 122), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333; 1997b: 355), Vietnam. Boonpragob et al (1998; 217). Maronea A. Massal; Fuscideaceae Specimens. BM, RAMK.

Asia. India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka. Maronea constans (Nyl.) Hepp, Flecht. Eur.: 11 \ (1860).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Wolseley & Aguirre- Letrouitia transgressa (Malme) Hafellner & Bellem., Nova Hudson (1997a: 334). Hedwigia 35: 7 10 (19^2). Specimens. BM. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P.), Lampang (Doi Luang), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Asia. India, Philippines.

Wolseley et al. (1994: 122).

Specimens. BM, CMU. Mazosia A. Massal.; Opegraphaceae

Asia. India, Indonesia, Taiwan. Mazosia melanophthalma (Miill. Arg.) R. Sant., Symb. Bot. Upsal. 12(1): 117(1952). Letrouitia vulpina (Tuck.) Hafellner & Bellem., Nova Ratchasima Yai N.R). et Hedwigia 35: 2Sl (1982). Thailand. Nakhon (Khao Boonpragob al. (1998:217). Thailand. Satun (Thaleban N.P.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Specimens. RAMK. WildlifeSanctuary). Wolseley etal. (1994: 1 22), Wolseley & Aguirre- Hudson (1997a: 333, 339; 1997b: 355). Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua Specimens. BM. New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam.

Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philip- Megalospora Meyen; Megalosporaceae pines, Sri Lanka.

Megalospora bicolorata (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 4: Lobaria (Schreb.) Hoffm.; Lobariaceae 87 (1927).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Sutep N.R). Vainio (1921: 48). Lobaria discolor (Bory) Hue, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Paris, ser. 4,3:23(1901). Specimen. TUR-V (not located).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Chieng Dao N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P., Doi Asia. — Suthep N.R). Yoshimura (1978: 39), Wolseley (1991: 234). Megalospora sulphurata Meyen, in Meyen & Flotow, Nov. Specimens. BM, C. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19, suppl.: Asia. China, India. Indonesia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. 228(1843). 34 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.). Wolseley & Aguirre- Parmelina perisidians (Nyl.) Hale. Hudson (1997a: 339). Thailand. Loei (Ban Sui). Hale (1976c: 39, as Parmelina

Specimens. BM. perisidians). Moon et al. (2000a: 102).

Asia. India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea. Specimens. TNS, US.

Asia. Philippines, Sri Lanka. Megalospora tuberculosa (Fee) Sipman, Biblioth. Lichenol. 18: 156(1983). Myelochroa siamea Kurok., J. Jap. Bot. 73: 13 (1998). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.), Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand. Chiang Mai (Maetang District). Kurokawa (1998: (Khao Yai N.P). Sipman (1983: 238), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson 13), Moonetal. (2000a: 102). (1997a: 339), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Specimens. BM, TNS. Specimens. BM, RAMK, US. Asia. — Asia. China, India, Taiwan. Myelochroa xantholepis (Mont. & Bosch) Elix & Hale, Menegazzia A. Massal.; Hypogymniaceae Mycotaxon 29: 2A\ (1987).

Menegazzia terebrata (Hoffm.) A. Massal., Neag. Lich.: 3 Parmelina xantholepis Mont. & Bosch. (1854). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Maetang, Doi Suthep N.P., Chiang Dao Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P.). Wolseley & Aguirre- N.P), Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla, N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Hudson (1995: 323; 1997a: 339). Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Hale (1976c: 53, as Parmelina

xantholepis). Moon et al. (2000a: 102). Specimen. BM. Specimens. BM, CMU, TNS, US. Asia. China, India, Malaysia, Taiwan.

Asia. India, Indonesia, Philippines. Microtheliopsis Miill. Arg.; Microtheliopsidaceae Myeloconis P.M. McCarthy & Elix; Myeloconaceae Microtheliopsis uleana Miill. Arg., Flora 73: 195 (1890). Myeloconis erumpens P.M. McCarthy & Elix, Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Lichenologist 28: 406 (1996). al. (1998:217). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et Specimens. CANB. al. (1998:217). Asia. Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Specimens. CANB, RAMK. Lanka. Asia. Papua New Guinea. Myelochroa (Asahina) Elix & Hale; Parmeliaceae Myriotrema Fee; Thelotremataceae Myelochroa aurulenta (Tuck.) Elix & Hale, Mycotaxon 29:240(1987). Myriotrema albocinctum Hale, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 8(3): 273(1981). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P), Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P). Moon et al. (2000a: 102). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et

al. (1998: 217). Specimens. TNS. Specimens. BM, RAMK. Asia. —

Asia. Malaysia, Sri Lanka. Myelochroa entotheiochroa (Hue) Elix & Hale, Mycotaxon 29: 240 (1987). Myriotrema bahianum (Ach.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 132 (1980). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Maetang). Moon et al. (2000a: 102). Thailand. Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Specimens. TNS. Homchantara(1999: 151-153). Asia. — Specimens. BM, RAMK.

Myelochroa irrugens (Hue) Elix & Hale, Mycotaxon 29: Asia. Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. 241(1987). Myriotrema clandestinum (Fee) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 133 Thailand. Chiang Mai (Maetang). Moon et al. (2000a: 102). (1980). Specimens. TNS. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et

Asia. — al. (1998:217).

Specimens. RAMK. Myelochroa perisidians (Nyl.) Elix & Hale, Mycotaxon 29: 241 (1974). Asia. Sri Lanka. CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 35

Myriotrema compunctum (Ach.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 133 Myriotrema khaoyaianum Homchantara & Coppins, (1980). Lichenologist 34: (in press).

Thailand. Lampang (Teak Improvement Centre), Rayong Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Homchantara (Klaeng District). Homchantara (1999: 153). (1999: 209-211, as Myriotrema 'unidentified 3').

Specimens. BM, RAMK. Specimens. E (isotype), RAMK (holotype).

Asia. Indonesia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam. Asia. —

Coppins, Myriotrema costaricense (Miill. Arg.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: Myriotrema khuntanense Homchantara & 133(1980). Lichenologist 34: (in press).

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R), Uthai Thani Thailand. Lampang (Doi Khuntan N.R). Homchantara (1999: 226-227, as Myriotrema 'unidentified 11'). (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Boonpragob et al. (1998: Homchantara 156-158). 217), (1999: Specimens. BM (holotype), RAMK (isotype).

Specimens. BM, RAMK. Asia. —

Asia. India, Malaysia. Myriotrema masonhalei (Patw. & C.R. Kulk.) Hale, Mycotaxon W: 134(1980). Myriotrema decorticum Hale, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), fio/. 8(3): 277 (1981). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Boonpragob et

al. (1998:217). Thailand. Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Homchantara (1999: 159-161). Specimens. RAMK.

Specimens. BM. Asia. India.

Asia. Sri Lanka. Myriotrema microporum (Mont.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 134 (1980). Myriotrema desquamans (Miill. Arg.) Hale, Mycotaxon Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R), Nakhon Ratchasima 11: 133(1980). Thailand. (Khao Yai N.R), Phetchabun (Phu Hin Rongkla N.R). Boonpragob Chantaburi (Khitchakut N.R, Khao Soi Dao Wildlife Thailand. et al. (1998: 217), Homchantara (1999: 175). Sanctuary), Nakhon Sri Thammerat (Khao Luang N.R), Sukhothai (Ramkhamhaeng N.R), Tak (Ton Krabak Yai N.R). Homchanatara Specimens. BM, RAMK.

(1999: 161-163). Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. Specimens. BM, RAMK. Myriotrema microstomum (Miill. Arg.) Hale, Mycotaxon Asia. India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka. 11: 134(1980).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R), Phetchabun (Phu Hin Myriotrema fissurinum Hale, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.}, Rongkla N.R), Sukhotai (Ramkhamhaeng N.R). Homchantara ( 1 999: fior. 8(3): 279 (1981). 177). Phetchabun (Phu Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R), Specimens. BM, RAMK. Hin Rongkla N.R). Homchantara (1999: 159). Asia. Sri Lanka, Taiwan. Specimens. RAMK. Myriotrema minutulum (Hale) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 134 Asia. India, Sri Lanka. (1980).

Myriotrema glaucescens (Nyl.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 133 Thailand. Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). (1980). Homchantara (1999: 180).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R), Uthai Thani (Huay Specimens. BM. Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Homchantara (1999: 168). Asia. Sri Lanka. Specimens. BM, RAMK. Myriotrema minutum (Hale) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 134 Asia. India, Sri Lanka. (1980).

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Homchantara Myriotrema grandisporum Homchantara & Coppins, (1999: 182). Lichenologist 34: (in press). Specimen. RAMK. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Homchantara (1999: 224-225, as Myriotrema 'unidentified 10'). Asia. Malaysia, Sri Lanka.

Specimens. E (isotype), RAMK (holotype). Myriotrema olivaceum Fee, Essai Crypt. Ecorc. Offic: 103 Asia. — (1824). 36 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Thailand. Loei (Na Haeo N.P., Phuteen Suansai forest. Ban Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Boonpragob et al. (1998: Bomoeng Noi). Homchantara (1999: 185). 217), Homchantara (1999: 196).

Specimens. RAMK. Specimens. BM, RAMK.

Asia. Sri Lanka. Asia. India.

Myriotrema phaeosporum (Nyl.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 134 Myriotrema viride Nagarkar & Hale, Mycotaxon 35: 440 (1980). (1989). Leptotrema phaeosporum (Nyl.) Miill. Arg. Thailand. Sukhothai (Ramkhamhaeng N.R), Uthai Thani (Huay

Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson (1930: 99, as Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217), Leptotrema phaeosporum). Homchantara (1999: 199).

Specimen. BM (not located). Specimens. BM, RAMK.

ASIA. — Asia. Malaysia.

(Nat. Hist.), Myriotrema polytretum Hale, Bull. Brit. Mus. Myriotrema wightii (Taylor) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 135 Bot. 8(3): 291 (1981). (1980).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.), Lampang (Doi Pi Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R), Kanchanaburi (Erawan Luang Ditrict), Loei (Phu Ruea N.P.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha N.R), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Khaeng N.R). Homchantara (1999: 187). Homchantara (1999: 201).

Specimens. BM, RAMK. Specimens. BM, RAMK.

Asia. Malaysia, Sri Lanka. Asia. India, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka.

Myriotrema rugiferum (Harm.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 135 (1980). Nephroma Ach.; Nephromataceae

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.), Phetchabun (Phu Hin Nephroma helveticum Ach., Lichenogr. Universalis: 523 Rongkla N.R). Homchantara (1999: 189). (1810). Specimens. BM, RAMK. Nephroma tropicum (Miill. Arg.) Zahlbr. Asia. India, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R, Doi Suthep N.R). Myriotrema subconforme (Nyl.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 135 Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 324; 1997a: 334, 339, as Neph- (1980). roma tropicum).

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Boonpragob et Specimens. BM, CMU.

al. (1998:217). Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea. Specimens. RAMK.

Asia. India. Nephromopsis Miill. Arg.; Parmeliaceae

Myriotrema subgranulosum Homchantara & Coppins, Nephromopsis stracheyi (Church. Bab.) Miill. Arg., Flora Lichenologist 34: (in press). 74:374(1891).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R), Loei (Na Po District). Nephromopsis omata auct. non (Miill. Arg.) Hue Homchantara (1999: 205-207, as Myriotrema 'unidentified 1'). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P), Loei (Phu Rua N.R). Specimens. BM (holotype), RAMK (isotype). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 324, as Nephromopsis omata Asia. — auct. non (Miill. Arg.) Hue).

Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU. Myriotrema subminutum Homchantara & Coppins, Lichenologist 34: (in press). Asia. China, India, Malaysia, Taiwan.

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yao N.R), Phetchabun (Nyl.) Vain.; incert. sed. (Phu Hin Rongkla N.R), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Normandina Sanctuary). Homchantara (1999: 215-217, as Myriotrema 'uniden- Normandina pulchella (Borrer) Nyl., Ann. 5c/. Nat., Bot., tified 6'). ser. 4, 15:382(1861). Specimens. E (isotype), RAMK (holotype). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R), Nakhon Ratchasima Asia. — (Khao Yai N.R). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 334),

Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Myriotrema terebratulum (Nyl.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 135 (1980). Specimens. BM, RAMK.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R), Loei (Na Po District), Asia. China, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea. CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 37

Ocellularia Meyen; Thelotremataceae Asia. Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka.

Ocellularia albomaculata Hale, Bull. Brit. Mas. (Nat. Ocellularia concolor Meyen & Plot., A^ov. Actorum Acad. Hist.) Bot.S{3y. 300 iwm). Caes. Leap. -Carol. Nat. Cur. 19, suppl.: 230 (1843).

Thailand. Satun (Thalae Ban N.P.)- Homchantara (1999: 237). Thailand. Chantaburi (Khitchakut N.P), Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P), Phetchabun (Phu Hin Specimens. BM. Rongkla N.P), Sukhothai ( Ramkhamhaeng N.P). Boonpragob et

Asia. Sri Lanka. al. (1998: 217), Homchantara (1999: 250).

Specimens. BM, RAMK. Ocellularia allosporoides (Nyl.) Patw. & C.R. Kulk., Kavaka 5: 5 {1977). Asia. India, Malaysia, Philippines.

Thailand. Lampang (Wiang Kosai N.P.), Chantaburi (Khitchakut Ocellularia conformis (Fee) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 136 N.P.), Kanchanaburi (Khao Lem N.P.), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao (1980). Yai N.P). Boonpragob et al. ( 1 998: 2 1 7), Homchantara ( 1 999: 239). Thailand. Phetchabun (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P), Homchantara Specimens. BM, RAMK. (1999: 250). Asia. India. Specimens. RAMK.

Ocellularia arecae (Vain.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 136 Asia. India. (1980). Ocellularia crassa (Miill. Arg.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 136 Thelotrema arecae Vain. (1980). Thelotrema interpositum Nyl. Thailand. Phetchabun (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P). Homchantara Chantaburi (Khitchakut N.P), Loei (Na Haeo N.P), Thailand. (1999:250). Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P), Phetchabun (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P), Trat (Koh Chang L). Vainio (1909: 119, as Thelotrema Specimens. RAMK. arecae), Salisbury ( 1 97 1 : 277, as 7: interpositum). Hale (1981: 305), Asia. India. Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217), Homchantara (1999: 242).

Specimens. RAMK, TUR-V (holotype). Ocellularia diacida Hale, Mycotaxon 7: 378 (1978).

Asia. India, Malaysia, Philippines. Thailand. Chantaburi (Kitchakut N.P, Namtok Phliu N.P, Khao Soi Dao Wildlife Sanctuary), Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P, Doi N.P), (Doi Pae Luang), Loei (Na Haeo N.P, Phu Ocellularia ascidioidea Hale, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.}, Suthep Lampang Riea N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khae Yai N.P), Phetchabun (Phu Bor. 8(3): 300 (1981). Hin Rongkla N.P), Sakon Nakhon (Phu Phan N.P), Sukhothai Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P), Phetchabun (Phu (Ramkhamhaeng N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife N.P), Uthai Thani Hin Rongkla N.P), Sukhotai (Ramkhamhaeng Sanctuary). Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217), Homchantara (1999: (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Boonpragob et al. (1998: 250). 217), Homchantara (1999: 245). Specimens. BM, RAMK. Specimens. BM, RAMK. Asia. India, Sri Lanka. Asia. Malaysia, Sri Lanka.

Ocellularia diospyrosis Homchantara & Coppins, Ocellularia asiatica (Vain.) Hale, Hedwigia 46: 175 Lichenologist 34: (in press). (1907). Thailand. Tak (Ton Krabak Yai N.P). Homchantara (1999: 314- Thelotrema asiaticum Vain. 315, as Ocellularia 'unidentified 1'). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P), Trat (Koh Chang Specimens. BM (holotype). I.). Vainio (1909: 120, as Thelotrema asiaticum), Patwardan & — Kulkarni (1977a: 10, as 7: asiaticum), Boonpragob et al. (1998: Asia. 217). Ocellularia dolichotata (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 2: Specimens. RAMK, TUR-V (holotype). 589(1923). Asia. India. Thelotrema siamense Vain.

Ocellularia chonestoma (Leight.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P), Trat (Koh Chang siamense). Hale 2: 586 (1923). I.). Vainio (1907: 174; 1909: 120, as Thelotrema (1981: 303), Sethyetal. (1987: 193), Boonpragob etal. (1998: 217), Thailand. Kanchanaburi (Khao Lem N.P). Homchantara (1999: Homchantara (1999: 264). 248). Specimens. BM, C (isolectotype), RAMK, TUR-V (lectotype). Specimens. RAMK. Asia. India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore. 38 P. A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Ocellularia emersa (Kremp.) Miill. Arg., Flora 69: 310 Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P). Homchantara (1999: (1886). 333-334, as Ocellularia 'unidentified 10').

Thailand. Chanthaburi (Khitchakut N.P.), Loei (Phu Ruea N.P.), Specimens. BM (holotype), RAMK (isotype). Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et al. (1998: Asia. — 217), Homchantara (1999: 267).

Specimens. RAMK. Ocellularia kansriae Homchantara & Coppins, Lichenologist 34: (in press). Asia. Sri Lanka. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P), Pechabun (Phu Ocellularia epitrypa (Nyl.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 136 Hin Rongkla N.P), Sukhothai (Ramkhamhaeng N.P). Homchantara (1980). (1999: 335-337, as Ocellularia 'unidentified 11'). Uthai Thani Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.), Specimens. E (isotype), RAMK (holotype). (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Boonpragob et al. (1998: Asia. — 217), Homchantara (1999: 269).

Specimens. BM, RAMK. Ocellularia kratingensis Homchantara & Coppins, 34: (in press). Asia. India, Philippines, Sri Lanka. Lichenologist Thailand. Chantaburi (Khitchakut N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima Ocellularia eumorpha (Stirt.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 136 (Khao Yai N.P). Homchantara (1999: 316-318, as Ocellularia (1980). 'unidentified 2'). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P), Loei (Na Haeo N.P). Specimens. E (isotype), RAMK (holotype). Homchantara (1999: 271). Asia. Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka. Specimens. BM, RAMK.

Asia. India, Sri Lanka. Ocellularia leucina (Miill. Arg.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 137 (1980). Ocellularia fissa (Nyl.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 136 (1980). Thailand. Chantaburi (Namtok Phliu N.P.), Kanchanaburi Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et (Kroengkawia), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob al. (1998:217). et al. (1998: 217), Homchantara (1999: 278).

Specimens. RAMK. Specimens. RAMK.

Asia. India. Asia. India.

Ocellularia flavescens Homchantara & Coppins, Ocellularia marivelensis (Vain.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 137 Lichenologist 34: (in press). (1980). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P). Homchantara (1999: Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et 339-341, as Ocellularia 'unidentified 13'). al. (1998: 217), Homchantara (1999: 281). Specimens. BM (holotype), RAMK (isotype). Specimens. RAMK. Asia. — Asia. India, Malaysia, Philippines. Ocellularia groenhartii Hale, Mycotaxon 3: 173 (1975). Ocellularia massalongoi (Mont.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 137 Thailand. Chantaburi (Khao Soi Dao N.P., Kitchakut N.P, (1980). Namtok Phliu N.P), Kanchanaburi (Khao Laem N.P), Lampang (Wiang Kosai N.P.), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Thailand. Chantaburi (Namtok Phliu N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217), Homchantara (1999: 272). (Khao Yai N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctu- ary), Yala (Banlang N.R). Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217), Specimens. BM, RAMK. Homchantara (1999: 283). Asia. India, Indonesia. Specimens. BM, RAMK. Ocellularia guptei (Nagarkar, Sethy & Patw.) D.D. Asia. India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Awasthi, Mycotaxon 23: 79 (1986).

Thailand. Chantaburi (Khitchakut N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima Ocellularia meiosperma (Nyl.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 137 (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217), Homchantara (1980). (1999:276). Thailand. Chantaburi (Namtok Phliu N.P), Chiang Mai (Doi Specimens. RAMK. Suthep N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et

al. (1998: 217), Homchantara (1999: 281). Asia. India. Specimens. RAMK. Ocellularia inthanonensis Homchantara & Coppins, Lichenologist 34: (in press). Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka. CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 39

Ocellularia melanopthalma Homchantara & Coppins, Thailand. Chantaburi (Namtok Phliu N.R, Khitchakut N.R), Lichenologist 34: (in press). Lampang (Doi Mae Luang), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R), Sakhon Nakhon (Phu Phan N.R), Sukhothai (Ramkhamhaeng N.R), Thailand. Phetchabun (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P.). Homchantara Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Boonpragob et (1999: 324-326, as Ocellularia 'unidentified 6'). al. (1998: 217), Homchantara (1999: 295). Specimens. E (isotype), RAMK (holotype). Specimens. BM, RAMK. Asia. — Asia. India, Philippines, Sri Lanka.

Ocellularia monosporoides (Nyl.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: Ocellularia peremergens Homchantara & Coppins, 137(1980). Lichenologist 34: (in press).

Thailand. Chantaburi (Khitchakut N.P.), Phetchabun (Phu Hin Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R, Doi Suthep N.R), Rongkla N.R). Homchantara (1999: 288-290). Loei (Na Haeo N.R), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Homchantara (1999: 331-332, 337, 349-350, as Ocellularia 'uni- Specimens. RAMK. dentified 9', '12', '18'). Asia. Sri Lanka. Specimens. BM (holotype), RAMK (isotype).

Ocellularia microascidium (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Asia. — Univ. 2: 595 (1923). Ocellularia perforata (Leight.) Miill. Arg., Hedwigia 31: Thelotrema microascidium Vain. 284(1892).

Thailand. Trat (Koh Kong I.). Vainio (1907: 176, as Thelotrema Thailand. Chantaburi (Khao Soi Dao Wildlife Sanctuary, Namtok microascidium). Phliu N.R, Kitchakut N.R), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R), Nakhon Sri Thammerat (Khao Luang N.R), Petchabun (Phu Hin Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Rongkla N.R), Sukhothai (Ramkhamhaeng N.R). Boonpragob et al. Asia. — (1998: 217), Homchantara (1999: 297).

Specimens. RAMK. Ocellularia neoleucina Homchantara & Coppins, Guinea. Lichenologist 34: (in press). Asia. China (Hong Kong), India, Malaysia, Papua New

Thailand. Chantaburi (Namtok Phliu N.P.). Homchantara (1999: Ocellularia pertusariformis (Leight.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. 333-334, as Ocellularia 'unidentified 15'). Univ. 2: 598 (1923).

Specimens. E (isotype), RAMK (holotype). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Boonpragob et

al. (1998: 217). Asia. — Specimens. RAMK. Ocellularia neopertusariiformis Hale, Bull. Brit. Mus. Asia. India. (Nat. Hist.), Bot. 8(3): 315 (1981).

Thailand. Loei (Phu Ruea N.P.), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai Ocellularia pluripora Hale, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), N.R), Phetchabun (Phu Hin Rongkla N.R). Homchantara (1999: 5o/. 8(3): 319 (1981). 290-293). Thailand. Chanthburi (Khitchakut N.R, Namtok Phliu N.R), Ratchasima (Khao Yai Specimens. RAMK. Loei (Phu Ruea N.R, Na Haeo N.R), Nakhon N.R). Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217), Homchantara (1999: 304). Asia. Malaysia, Sri Lanka. Specimens. RAMK.

Ocellularia nylanderiana Hale, Phytologia 26: 414 (1973). Asia. India, Malaysia.

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Boonpragob et Ocellularia pluripoides Homchantara & Coppins, al (1998: 217). Lichenologist 34: (in press).

Specimen. RAMK. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Homchantara (1999: 'unidentified 3'). Asia. India. 318-319, as Ocellularia Specimens. BM (holotype). Ocellularia paleoamplior Aptroot & Sipman, J. Hattori Asia. — fior.Lfl/7. 91:333(2001).

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Homchantara Ocellularia punctulata (Leight.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. (1999: 326-328, as Ocellularia 'unidentified 7'). 2:599(1923).

Specimens. RAMK (holotype). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Boonpragob et al (1998: 217). Asia. — Specimens. RAMK. Ocellularia papillata (Leight.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 2: 597 (1923). Asia. India, Malaysia. 40 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Ocellularia rhicnoporoides Homchantara & Coppins, Pannaria Delise ex Bory; Pannariaceae Lichenologist 34: (in press). Pannaria dispartita (Nyl) Vain., Suomal. Elain-ja Kasvit. Thailand. Chantaburi(NamtokPhliuN.P.). Homchantara (1999: Seuran Vanamon Julk. 1(3): 45 (1921). 329-330, as Ocellularia 'unidentified 8'). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Vainio (1921: 45). Specimens. E (isotype), RAMK (holotype). Specimen. TUR-V. Asia. — Asia. — Ocellularia sticticans Hale, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Bor. 8(3): 323 (1981). Paraparmelia Elix & J. Johnst.; Parmeliaceae Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et al. (1998:217). Paraparmelia rodriguesiana (Hue) Elix & J. Johnst., MycotaxonH:2m{\9%6). Specimens. RAMK.

Thailand. Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla, N.P.). Moon et al. Asia. Sri Lanka. (2000a: 102).

Ocellularia subleucina Homchantara & Coppins, Specimen. TNS. Lichenologist 34: (in press). Asia. — Thailand. Chantaburi (Khitchakut N.P.). Homchantara (1999: 14'). 341-343, as Ocellularia 'unidentified Parmelaria D.D. Awasthi; Parmeliaceae Specimens. E (isotype), RAMK (holotype).

Parmelaria thomsonii (Stirt.) D.D. Awasthi, J. Hattori Bot. Asia. — La^. 63:368(1987). Ocellularia wolsleyanum Homchantara Coppins, & Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P), Loei (Phu Rua N.R). Lichenologist 34: (in press). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 325). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Homchantara Specimens. BM, DUKE, TNS. (1999: 347-349, as Ocellularia 'unidentified 17'). Asia. India, Nepal. Specimens. E (isotype), RAMK (holotype). — Asia. Parmelia Ach.; Parmeliaceae

Opegrapha Ach.; Opegraphaceae Parmelia saxatilis (L.) Ach., Methodus: 204 (1803).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Opegrapha aff. lambinonii Serus., Lejeunia 90: 2 (1978). Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Serusiaux (1985: Specimen. Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Herbarium. 23). Asia. China, India. Specimen. LG.

Asia. India, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka. Parmeliella Miill. Arg.; Pannariaceae

Opegrapha prosodea Ach., Methodus: 22 (1803). Parmeliella brisbanensis (C. Knight) P.M. J0rg. & D.J.

Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson (1930: 99). Galloway, Fl. Australia 54: 316 (1992).

Specimen. BM. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctu- Asia. China, India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Taiwan. ary). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 325; 1997a: 334, 1997b:

356), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Opegrapha robusta Vain., Bot. Tidsskr. 29: 137 (1909). Specimens. BM, RAMK. Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 137). Asia. — Specimens. TUR-V (syntypes).

Asia. Indonesia, Papua New Guinea. Parmeliella papillata P.M. J0rg., Biblioth. Lichenol. 78: 133 (2001). Opegrapha subvulgata Nyl., Flora 52: 71 (1869). Thailand. Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary).

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio ( 1 909: 1 36). j0rgensen(2OOl: 134).

Specimen. TUR-V. Specimens. BM.

Asia. India. Asia. Papua New Guinea. CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 41

Parmelina Elix; Parmeliaceae P. expallida), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 325), Moon et al (2000a: 103). Parmelina quercina (Willd.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 483 (1974). Specimens. TNS, US.

Asia. India, Taiwan. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden).

Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17). Parmelinopsis horrescens (Taylor) Elix & Hale, Specimen. Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Herbarium. Mycotaxon 29: 242 (1987).

Asia. China, India. Thailand. Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P). Pooprang et al. (1999: 121). Parmelina usambarensis (J. Steiner & Zahlbr.) Hale, Phytologia 2^: A%2>{\91A). Specimens. RAMK.

Parmelia usambarensis J. Steiner & Zahlbr. Asia. India, Sri Lanka.

THAILAND. Loei (near Phu Kradung). Hale (1976c: 5 , as Parmelia 1 Parmelinopsis microlobulata (D.D. Awasthi) Elix & Hale, usambarensis), Singh (1979: 222, as P. usambarensis), Kurokawa& Mycotaxon 29: 242 (1987). Kashiwadani (1988: 7, as P. usambarensis). Moon et al. (2000a: 102). Thailand. Nakhon Sri Thammarat (Khao Luang N.P.), Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P). Pooprang et al. (1999: 121). Specimens. TNS. Specimens. RAMK. Asia. India. Asia. India. Parmelinella Elix & Hale; Parmeliaceae Parmelinopsis minarum (Vain.) Elix & Hale, Mycotaxon Parmelinella chozoubae (Singh & Sinha) Elix & 29: 243 (1987). Pooprang, in Pooprang et al., Mycotaxon 71: 121 (1999). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Pooprang et al. (1999:

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.), Loei (Nahaew N.P.), 122). Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.), Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla Specimens. RAMK. N.P). Pooprang et al. (1999: 121). Asia. — Specimens. RAMK.

Asia. India. Parmeliopsis (Nyl. ex Stizenb.) Nyl.; Parmeliaceae

Parmelinella simplicior (Hale) Elix & Hale, Mycotaxon Parmeliopsis ambigua (Wulfen) Nyl., Lich. Lapp. Orient.: 29:242(1987). 121 (1866).

Thailand. Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P). Moon et al. Thailand. Lampang (Khuntan N.P). Pooprang et al. ( 1 999: 1 22). (2000a: 102). Specimens. RAMK. Specimens. TNS. Asia. Nepal. Asia. India. Parmotrema A. Massal.; Parmeliaceae Parmelinella wallichiana (Taylor) Elix «fe Hale, Mycotaxon 29:242(1987). Parmotrema abessinicum (Kremp.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 334 Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P, Doi Inthanon N.P, (1974).

Chiang Dao N.P, Doi Pacho, Maetang), Loei (Ban Sui, Phu Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden).

Kradung), Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla, N.P), Tak (Ton Krabakyai Pooprang et al. (1999: 122).

N.P), Uthai Thani ( Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley Specimens. RAMK. & Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 326; 1997a: 334; 1997b: 356), Moon et al. (2000a: 103). Asia. India, Malaysia. Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, TNS. Parmotrema amaniense (J. Steiner & Zahlbr.) Krog & Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Phil- Swinscow, Lichenologist 15: 129 (1983). ippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. Thailand. Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley &. Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: Parmelinopsis Elix & Hale; Parmeliaceae 334). Specimens. BKF, BM. Parmelinopsis expallida (Kurok.) Elix & Hale, Mycotaxon 29:242(1987). Asia. India.

Parmelina expallida (Kurok.) Elix & Hale. Parmotrema andinum (Miill. Arg.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 334(1974). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Maetang District). Hale (1976c: 30 as Parmelina expallida), Patwardhan & Prabhu (1977: 111, as Parmelia andina Miill. Arg. 42 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep, Chiang Dao N.P.). Hale Specimens. RAMK. TNS, Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden (1965a: 236, as Parmelia andina). Herbarium.

Specimens. BM, CMU. TNS. Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka.

Asia. India. Malaysia. Parmotrema dominicanum (Vain.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 335 (1974). Parmotrema austrosinense (Zahlbr.) Hale, Phytologia 28:

335(1974). Thailand. Loei (Phu Kradung). Moon et al. (2000a: 103).

Thailand. Phitsanulok (Lan Hin Taek, Phu Hin Rongkla N.P.). Specimens. TNS. Moonetal. (2000a: 103). Asia. — Specimens. TNS. elacinatulum Biblioth. Asia. China. Parmotrema (Kurok.) Streimann, Lichenol. 22:94(1986).

Hale Ahti, Taxon 35: Parmotrema chinense (Osbeck) & Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Pooprang et al. 133(1986). (1999: 123).

Parmelia perlata Ach. Specimen. RAMK.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P., Asia. Papua New Guinea. Chiang Dao N.R), Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 104, as Parmelia perlata Ach.). Parmotrema eunetum (Stirt.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 336 Specimens. BM, CMU. (1974).

Asia. China, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P, Maetang). Moon et al. Taiwan. (2000a: 103).

Specimens. TNS. Parmotrema corniculans (Nyl.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 335 (1974). Asia. Sri Lanka.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P.). Pooprang et al. Parmotrema eurysacum (Hue) Hale, Phytologia 28: 336 (1999: 122). (1974). Specimen. RAMK. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden).

Asia. Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philip- Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17). pines. Specimen. Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Herbarium.

Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) M. Choisy, Bull. Mens. Sac. Asia. — Linn. Sac. Bat. Lyon 21: 175 (1952).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden). Parmotrema explanatum (Hale) Hale, Phytologia 28: 336

Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17). (1974).

Specimen. Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Herbarium. Parmelia explanata Hale.

Asia. China, India, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. Thailand. Loei (Phu Kradung). Hale (1965b: 199, as Parmelia explanata). Moon et al. (2000a: 103). Parmotrema cristiferum (Taylor) Hale, Phytologia 28: 335 Specimens. TNS (holotype), US (isotype). (1974). Asia. — Parmelia andina Taylor.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Chiang Dao N.P, Doi Suthep N.P.), Parmotrema gardneri (C.W. Dodge) Serus., Bryologist 87: Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.P), Udaun, Uthai Thani (Huay Kha 5 (1984).

Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Hale ( 1 965b: 24 1 , as Parmelia andina), Parmelia gardneri C.W. Dodge. Boonpragob et al. (1999: 217), Moon et al. (2000a: 103).

(Doi Inthanon N.R), Trat (Koh Chang I.), Specimens. BM, TNS, US. Thailand. Chiang Mai Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Vainio (1909: Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Papua New 105, as Parmelia gardneri), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. 334; 1997b: 355).

Parmotrema dilatatum (Vain.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 335 Specimens. BM, TUR-V. (1974). Asia. Papua New Guinea.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P, Queen Sirikit Botanical

Garden), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Mongkonsuk et al. Parmotrema hababianum (Gyeln.) Hale, Phytologia 28:

(1996: 17),Boonpragobetal.( 1999: 2 17), Moonetal. (2000a: 103). 336 (1974). CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 43

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden). Parmelia nilgherrensis Nyl.

Pooprang et al. (1999: 125). Parmelia siamensis Vain.

Specimen. RAMK. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P, Doi Inthanon N.P), Lampang (Doi Khun Tan N.P), Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.P.), Tak Asia. China, India, Sri Lanka.

(Ton Krabakyai N.P), Yala (Banglang Reservoir). Vainio ( 1 92 1 : 37,

as Parmelia siamensis). Hale (1965a: 333, as P. nilgherrensis), Parmotrema hypotropum (Nyl.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 337 Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 334). (1974). Specimens. BM, TUR-V (holotype of Parmelia siamensis). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden).

Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17). Asia. China, India, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka.

Specimen. RAMK. Parmotrema overeemii (Zahlbr.) Elix, Australas. Lichenol. Asia. — 42:23(1998).

Thailand. Chiang Mai, Lampang (Doi Khun Tan N.P), Loei Parmotrema incrassatum Hale ex DePriest & B.W. Hale, (Phu Kradung N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P), Uthai Mycotaxon 61: IQil {\99^). Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Pooprang et al. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden). (1999: 123).

Pooprang et al. (1999: 123). Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, RAMK, TNS, TUR-V. Specimens. Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Herbarium. Asia. Indonesia, Papua New Guinea.

Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong). Parmotrema pancheri (Hue) Hale, Phytologia 28: 338 Parmotrema lobulascens (J. Steiner) Hale, Phytologia 28: (1974). 337 (1974). Parmelia pancheri Hue. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P.), Nakhon Nayok (Khao Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep). Hale (1965b: 236, as Yai N.P.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Parmelia pancheri). Moon et al. (2000a: 104). Boonpragob et al. (1999: 217). Specimens. TNS, US. Specimen. BM, RAMK. Asia. — Asia. —

(Stirt.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 338 Parmotrema maclayanum (Miill. Arg.) Hale, Phytologia Parmotrema permutatum 28:337(1974). (1974).

Parmelia permutata Stirt. Parmelia breviciliata Hale.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden). Hale Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P., (1965b: 302, as Parmelia permutata), Kashiwadani (1975: 81), Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Loci (Ban Sui, Phu Kradung, Phu Luang), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Moon et al. (2000a: 104). Kurokawa & Kashiwadani (1988: 4, as Parmelia breviciliata), Specimen. TNS. Moonetal. (2000a: 103). Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea. Specimens. BM, TNS. planatilobatum (Hale) Hale, Phytologia 28: Asia. Papua New Guinea. Parmotrema 338(1974). Parmotrema mellissii (C.W. Dodge) Hale, Phytologia 28: Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Pooprang et al. 337 (1974). (1999: 124).

Thailand. Loei (Phu Kradung). Moon et al. (2000a: 103). Specimen. RAMK. Specimens. TNS. Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka.

Asia. China, India, Papua New Guinea, Taiwan. Parmotrema platyphyllinum (Vain.) Elix, Australas. Parmotrema nanfongense (Kurok.) DePriest & B.W. Hale, Lichenol. 42: 23 (1998). Mycotaxon 67: 204 i\99H). Parmelia platyphyllina Vain. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Moon et al. (2000a: Parmelia zollingeri auct. non Hepp. 104). Thailand. Phitsanulok (Lan Hin Taek), Trat (Koh Chang I.). Specimen. TNS. Vainio (1909: 106, as Parmelia platyphyllina). Hale (1965b: 267, as R zollingeri). Moon et al. (2000a: 104). Asia. Papua New Guinea, Taiwan. Specimens. TNS, TUR-V. Parmotrema nilgherrense (Nyl.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 338 (1974). Asia. — 44 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Parmotrema poolii (C.W. Dodge) Krog & Swinscow, Phitsanulok (Lan Hin Taek, Phu Hin Rongkla, N.P.). Mongkonsuk et

Lichenologist 15: 130(1983). al. (1996: 17), Moon et al. (2000a: 104).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Specimens. TNS, Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Herbarium.

Phitsanulok (Lan Hin Taek). Moon et al. (2000a: 104). Asia. India, Papua New Guinea. Specimens. TNS. Parmotrema rubromarginatum Elix & Pooprang, in Asia. Papua New Guinea. Pooprang et al., Mycotaxon 72: 115 (1999).

Parmotrema praesorediosum (Nyl.) Hale, Phytologia 28: Thailand. Loei, Nakhon Ratchasima. Pooprang et al. (1999: 338(1974). 115).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Saget, Maesa, Doi Suthep N.P., Specimens. CANB (isotype), RAMK (incl. holotype).

Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Songkla. David et al. (1990: Asia. — 1299), Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17), Moon et al. (2000a: 104)

Specimens. CANB, TNS, US, Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Parmotrema saccatilobum (Taylor) Hale, Phytologia 28: Herbarium. 339(1974).

Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Malaysia, Papua New Thailand. Phuket (Ban Pae). Moon et al. (2000a: 104). Guinea, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. Specimen. TNS.

Parmotrema procerum (J. Steiner & Zahlbr.) Hale, Asia. China, India, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Taiwan. Phytologia 1^: 338(1974). Parmotrema sancti-angeli (Lynge) Hale, Phytologia 28: Parmelia procera J. Steiner Zahlbr. & 339 (1974). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Hale (1965b: 303, as Parmelia sancti-angeli Lynge. Parmelia procera). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P, Doi Inthanon N.P, Doi Specimens. TNS, US. Chieng Dao N.P, Maetang), Loei (near Phu Kradung), Phitsanulok Asia. — (Lan Hin Taek, Phu Hin Rongkla, N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Hale (1965b: 307, as Parmelia sancti- Parmotrema pseudocrinitum (des Abbayes) Hale, angeli). Moon et al. (2000a: 104). Phytologia 2^: ?>3^{\91 A). Specimens. BM, TNS, US.

Thailand. Loei (near Phu Kradung). Kurokawa & Kashiwadani Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Papua New Guinea, Sri (1988: 6), Moon et al. (2000a: 104). Lanka, Taiwan. Specimen. TNS. Parmotrema stuppeum (Taylor) Hale, Phytologia 28: 339 Asia. — (1974).

Parmelia perforata f. claudelii (Harm.) Vain. Parmotrema pseudonilgherrense (Asahina) Hale, Parmelia maxima Hue. Mycotaxon 5: 441 (1977). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P), Phuket (Ban Pae), Trat Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden). (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 105, as Parmelia perforata f. claudelii), Pooprang et al. (1999: 124). des Abbayes (1964, as P. maxima). Moon et al. (2000a: 104). Specimen. RAMK. Specimens. TNS, TUR-V. Asia. China, India, Nepal. Asia. India.

Parmotrema rampoddense (Nyl.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 338 Parmotrema subarnoldii (des Abbayes) Hale, Phytologia (1974). 28: 339 (1974). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P, Queen Sirikit Botanical Thailand. Loei, Nakhon Ratchasima. Pooprang et al. (1999: Garden, Maetang), Loei (Phu Kradung N.P), Phitsanulok (Lan Hin 124) Taek, Phu Hin Rongkla, N.P), Kurokawa & Kashiwadani (1988: 6),

Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17), Moon et al. (2000a: 104). Specimens. RAMK.

Specimens. BM, TNS. Asia. India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea.

Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Parmotrema submarginale (Michx.) DePriest B.W. Taiwan. & Hale, Mycotaxon 67: 208 (1998).

Parmotrema robustum (Degel.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 338 Parmotrema michauxianum (Zahlbr.) Hale. (1974). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17). CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 45

Specimens. Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden Herbarium. Pertusaria pustulata (Ach.) Duby, Bot. Gall. 2(2): 673 (1830). Asia. —

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 109), Archer (1997: Parmotrema sulphuratum (Nees & Flot.) Hale, Phytologia 135). 28:339(1974). Specimens. TUR-V.

Thailand. Loci (Na Haew N.P.), Nakhon Sri Thammarat ( Khao Asia. China, India. Luang). Pooprang et al. (1999: 124).

Specimens. BM, RAMK. Pertusaria sphaerulifera Vain., Hedwigia 46: 169 (1907). Asia. Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea. Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1907: 169; 1909: 109).

Parmotrema thailandicum Elix & Pooprang, in Pooprang Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). et al., Mycotaxon 72: 1 17 (1999). Asia. — Thailand. Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P).

Vain., 46: 170 Specimens. CANB (isotype), RAMK (holotype). Pertusaria subnegans Hedwigia (1907).

Asia. — Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1907: 170; 1909: 110).

Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Parmotrema tinctorum (Nyl.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 339 (1974). Asia. —

Parmelia tinctorum Nyl. Parmelia coralloidea (Meyen & Flot.) Vain. Phaeographina Miill. Arg.; Graphidaceae

Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao L), Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep Miill. Arg., N.P, Doi Inthanon N.P, Doi Pacho, Chiang Dao N.P, Queen Sirikit Phaeographina caesiopruinosa (Fee) Mem. Botanical Garden, Maetang), Chiang Rai, Loei (Ban Sui, Pha Nok Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Geneve 29(8): 49 (1887). Rongkla, N.P), Kao), Phitsanulok (Lan Hin Taek, Phu Hin Udon- Graphis caesiopruinosa Fee.

Thani. Vainio ( 1 92 1 : 37, as Parmelia coralloidea), Sato ( 1 962: 4, as Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Vainio (1921: 49, as P. tinctorum), Mongkonsuk et al. (1996: 17), Wolseley & Aguirre- Graphis caesiopruinosa). Hudson (1997a: 334; 1997b: 355), Moon et al. (2000a: 104).

Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, RAMK, TNS, TUR-V, Queen Sirikit Specimen. TUR-V. Botanical Garden Herbarium. Asia. India, Malaysia, Sri Lanka.

Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), Indonesia, India, Laos, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. Phaeographina chlorocarpoides (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 2: 32\ (1924). Parmotrema zollingeri (Hepp) Hale, Phytologia 28: 339 Graphis chlorocarpoides Nyl. (1974).

Thailand. Chaing Mai (Doi Suthep), Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio Thailand. Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Loei (1909: 124; 1921: 49, both as Graphis chlorocarpoides), (Ban Su). Moon et al. (2000a: 105). Kashiwadani(1977:45). Specimens. TNS. Specimens. TUR-V, TNS. Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Philippines, Taiwan. Asia. China, Indonesia, Philippines, Taiwan. Pertusaria DC; Pertusariaceae Phaeographina chrysenteron (Mont.) Miill. Arg. Elain-ja Kasvit. Seuran Pertusaria asiana Vain., Suom. Hedwigia 3{i: 52 {\%9\). Van. ML 1(3): 44 (1921).

Thailand. (Koh Tao I.). Vainio ( 1921 : 49), Paulson Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Vainio (1921: 44); Chumphon (1930: 100). Oshio(1976: 116).

Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Specimen. TUR-V, BM.

Asia. — Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka.

Vain., Hedwigia 46: 169 (1907). Pertusaria bengalensis Phaeographina heterocarpoides (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. (/n/v. 2:439(1924). Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1907: 169; 1909: 110), Oshio(1976: 116). Graphis heterocarpoides Nyl.

Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 123, as Graphis Asia. — heterocarpoides). 46 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Specimen. TUR-V. Specimen. TUR-V.

Asia. — Asia. Indonesia, Philippines.

Phaeographina persimilis (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. Phaeographis nylanderi (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 2: 2:442(1923). 382 (1923).

Graphis persimilis Vain. Graphis nylanderi Vain.

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 123, as Graphis Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 130, as Graphis persimilis). nylanderi).

Specimens. TUR-V. Specimen. TUR-V.

Asia. — Asia. —

rugulosa (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich Univ. 2: Phaeographina scalpturata (Ach.) Miill. Arg., Flora 65: Phaeographis 399(1882). 444 (1923).

Graphis rugulosa Vain. Graphis scalpturata Ach.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep). Vainio (1921: 49, as Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep). Vainio ( 1 92 1 : 49, as Graphis Graphis rugulosa). scalpturata).

Specimens. TUR-V. Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Asia. — Asia. China (Hong Kong), India, Indonesia.

Phaeographis sericea (Eschw.) Miill. Arg., Flora 71: 523 Phaeographina schmidtii (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 2:446(1923). (1888). Graphis sericea (Eschw.) Vain. Graphis schmidtii Vain.

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 130, as Graphis Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1907: 176; 1909: 124, sericea). both as Graphis schmidtii). Specimen. TUR-V. Specimen. TUR-V. Asia. China (Hong Kong). Asia. —

Phaeographis subtigrina (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. Phaeographina subintricata (Kremp.) Miill. Arg., Bull. 2: 387 (1923). Herb. Boissier2: 320 (1895). Graphis subtigrina Vain. Graphis subintricata Vain.

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 131, as Graphis Thailand. Trat (Koh Kong I.). Vainio (1909: 126, as Graphis subtigrina), Patwardhan & Kulkami (1977b: 721), Wirth & Hale subintricata). (1978: 29). Specimen. TUR-V. Specimen. TUR-V. Asia. China, India. Asia. India.

Phaeographina subrigida (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 2:446(1923). Phaeophyscia Moberg; Physciaceae

Graphis subrigida Nyl. Phaeophyscia hispidula (Ach.) Essl., Mycotaxon 7: 301

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep). Vainio (1909: 122, as (1978). Graphis subrigida). Physcia setosa (Ach.) Nyl.

Specimen. TUR-V. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P.), Chumphon (Koh

I.). as Physcia setosa). Asia. — Tao Vainio (1909: 130), Paulson (1930: 100, Specimens. BM. Phaeographis Miill. Arg.; Graphidaceae Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia.

Phaeographis exaltata (Mont. & Bosch) Miill. Arg., Flora Phlyctis Wallr.; Phlyctidaceae 65: 336 (1882).

Graphis diversa Nyl. [Phlyctis] Phlyctella himalayensis Nyl., Lich. Nov.-Zel.: 73 (1888). Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 129, as Graphis diversa). Phlyctis polyphragmia (Nyl.) Vain. CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 47

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.). Vainio (1921: 43, as Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson Phlyctis polyphragmia). (1995:327).

Specimen. TUR-V. Specimen. BM.

Asia. India, Nepal. Asia. China (Hong Kong), India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea.

[Phlyctis] Phlyctella neozelandica Nyl., Flora 52: 121 Physma plicatum (Pers.) Hue, Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie, (1869). sen 5, 9: 136(1906).

Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson (1930: 100, as Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio ( 1 909: 1 1 6). Phlyctella neozelandica). Specimens. C, TUR-V. Specimen. BM. Asia. Indonesia. Asia. —

Platismatia W.L. Culb & C.F. Culb.; Parmeliaceae Phyllopsora Miill. Arg.; Phyllopsoraceae

Platismatia erosa W.L. Culb & C.F. Culb., Contr U.S. Phyllopsora furfuracea (Pers.) Zahlbr., in Engler & Prantl, Natl. Herb. 34: 526 {196S). Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(1): 138 (1905). Thailand. Chiang Mai Province (Doi Inthanon N.P). Wolseley Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Boonpragob et & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 337). al. (1998: 217). Specimen. BM. Specimens. BM, RAMK. Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Philippines, Taiwan, Viet- Asia. Papua New Guinea. nam.

Physcia (Schreb.) Michx.; Physciaceae Polymeridium (Miill. Arg.) R.C. Harris; Trypetheliaceae Physcia sorediosa (Vain.) Lynge, Natur. Skrift. I. Math.- Naturvid. Kl. 16: 27 (1924). Polymeridium albidum (Miill. Arg.) R.C. Harris, Acta Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Amazonica 14 (Suppl.): 69 (1984) ['1986']. Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Paulson (1930: 100). Arthopyrenia siamensis Vain. Specimen. BM (not located). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep). Vainio (1921: 55, as Asia. Malaysia, Papua New Guinea. Arthopyrenia siamensis), Harris (1993: 624).

Physcidia Tuck.; Phyllopsoraceae Specimen. TUR-V (holotype oi Arthopyrenia siamensis).

Asia. Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Physcidia cylindrophora (Taylor) Hue, Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie 6(1): 91 (190S). Polymeridium catapastiim (Nyl.) R.C. Harris, Acta 14 (Suppl.): 70 ['1986']. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Amazonica (1984) Yai N.R). Kalb & Elix (1995: 286), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Vongshewarat Specimens. BM, RAMK. etal (1999: 231). Specimens. CANB, RAMK. Asia. India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Asia. Malaysia, Papua New Guinea. Physcidia wrightii (Tuck.) Tuck., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 5: 400(1862). Polymeridium quinqueseptatum (Nyl.) R.C. Harris, in Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P, Doi Suthep N.P.), Tucker & Harris, Bryologist 83: 12 (1980). Loei (Phu Kradung N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R), Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Vongshewarat Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Kurokawa & etal. (1999:231). Kashiwadani (1988: 15), Kalb & Elix (1995: 291), Wolseley &

Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 334), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Specimens. CANB, RAMK.

Specimens. BM, RAMK, TNS. Asia. China (Hong Kong), India, Malaysia, Philippines.

Asia. Malaysia. Porina Ach.; Trichotheliaceae Physma A. Massal.; Collemataceae Porina aff. albicera (Kremp.) Overeem, Bull. Jard. Bot. Physma byrsaeum (Ach.) Tuck., Syn. N. Amer. Lich. 1: 115 Buitenzorg, ser. 3, 4: 112 (1922). (1882). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay al. (1998:217). 1

48 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Specimens. CANB. Thailand. Kanchanaburi (Erawan N.P). Vongshewarat et al. (1999:231). Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philip- pines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam. Specimens. CANB (holotype), RAMK (isotype).

Asia. — Porina americana Fee, Essai Crypt. Ecorc. Offic. : 83 (1824). Porina internigrans (Nyl.) Miill. Arg., Rep. Australas.

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Assoc. Advancem. Set. 1895: 452 ( 895). al. (1998:217). Thailand. Sukothai (Ramkhamhaeng N.P). Vongshewarat et al. Specimens. CANB. (1999: 233). Asia. — Specimen. RAMK.

Porina bellendenica Miill. Arg., Hedwigia 30: 56 (1891). Asia. India, Papua New Guinea.

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Porina kansriae P.M. McCarthy, Lichenologist 31: 239 al. (1998:217). (1999). Specimen. CANB. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima(Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragobetal.

Asia. — ( 1 998: 2 1 7, as Porina aff . ulceratula Zahlbr.), McCarthy ( 1 999: 239).

Specimens. CANB (incl. holotype). Porina conica R. Sant., Symb. Bat. Upsal. 12(1): 232 (1952). Asia. —

N.P.). Boonpragob et Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai Porina lucida R. Sant., Symb. Bot. Upsal. 12(1): 240 al. (1998:217). (1952).

Specimens. CANB. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et

al. (1998: 217). Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philip- pines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam. Specimens. CANB.

Porina corruscans (Rehm) R. Sant., Symb. Bot. Upsal. Asia. Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri 12(1): 223 (1952). Lanka.

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Porina mastoidea (Ach.) Miill. Arg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 6:

al. (1998:217). 399(1885).

Specimens. CANB. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et

al. (1998:217). Asia. India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Specimens. CANB. Porina eminentior (Nyl.) RM. McCarthy, Lichenologist Guinea, Philippines. 32: 42 (2000). Asia. India, Malaysia, Papua New

Clathroporina eminentior (Nyl.) Miill. Arg. Porina aff. octomera (Miill. Arg.) F. Schill., Hedwigia 67: 274 (1927). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon), Uthai Thani (Khao Nang Rum, Khlong Plou). McCarthy (1995: 329, as Clathroporina Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et

eminentior). al. (1998: 217).

Specimens. BM. Specimens. CANB.

Asia. Papua New Guinea. Asia. Vietnam.

Porina epiphylla (Fee) Fee, Essai Crypt. Ecorc, Suppl. 1: Porina rufula (Kremp.) Vain., Acta Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 76(1837). 7(2): 227 (1890).

Micropeltis schmidtiana Rostrup. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et

al. (1998:217). Thailand. Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.P.), Nakhon Ratchasima

(Khao Yai N.P), Trat (Koh Chang I.). Rostrup (1902: 21 1); Santesson Specimens. CANB.

(1952: 234), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, PhiUp- Specimens. CANB. pines, Sri Lanka.

Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Porina siamensis RM. McCarthy, Lichenologist 31 : 242 Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam. (1999).

Porina erawanensis P.M. McCarthy & Vongshewarat, in Thailand. Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima Vongshewarat et al., Mycotaxon 71: 231 (1999). (Khao Yai N.P). McCarthy (1999: 242). CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 49

Specimens. CANB (incL holotype). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P). Wolseley & Aguirre- Hudson (1997a: 334). Asia. — Specimen. BM. Porina tetracerae (Ach.) Miill. Arg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 6: Asia. Malaysia. 401 (1885).

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Pseudopyrenula Miill. Arg.; Trypetheliaceae al. (1998:217). Pseudopyrenula diluta van degenerans Vain., Bot. Tidsskr. Specimens. CANB. 29: 148(1909). Asia. China, India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka. Pseudopyrenula endoxanthoides Vain.

Porina aff. vezdae Lucking, Nova Hedwigia 52: 285 Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio( 1909: 148), Harris (1998: (1991). 138).

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). al. (1998:212). Asia. — Specimens. CANB. Pyrenula Ach.; Pyrenulaceae Asia. —

Pyrenula anomala (Ach.) Vain., Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., ser. Porina virescens (Kremp.) Miill. Arg., Flora 66: 331 A, 6(7): 189(1915). (1883). Thailand. Buri Ram (Khao Kadong), Chanthaburi (Numtokphliu Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et N.P), Chiang Mai (Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden), Lumpang al. (1998: 212). (Khuntan), Sakon Nakhon (Phu Pan N.P). Vongshewarat et al. Specimens. CANB. (1999: 234).

Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philip- Specimens. RAMK. pines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam. Asia. India, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Vietnam.

Porina wolseleyae P.M. McCarthy, Lichenologist 31: 244 Pyrenula approximata Vain., Bot. Tidsskr 29: 145 (1909). (1999). Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 145). Thailand. Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.P). McCarthy (1999: 244). Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). — Specimens. CANB (holotype). Asia.

Asia. — Pyrenula aspistea Ach., Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. 6: 17 (1814). Pseudocyphellaria Vain.; Lobariaceae Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 147).

Pseudocyphellaria argyracea (Delise) Vain., Hedwigia 37: Specimens. RAMK, TUR-V.

35 (1898). Asia. India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka.

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Pyrenula confinis (Nyl.) R.C. Harris, More Florida al. (1998:217). Lichens: 109 (1995). Specimen. RAMK. Bottaria confinis (Nyl.) Vain. Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 143, as Bottaria New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan. confinis).

Pseudocyphellaria aurata (Sm.) Vain., Acta Soc. Fauna Specimens. RAMK, TUR-V. Fl.Fenn.7: 183(1890). Asia. India, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.P., Doi Suthep N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Pyrenula feracissima Vain., Bot. Tidsskr 29: 145 (1909). Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 334). Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 145).

Specimens. BKF. Specimens. TUR-V (holotype). Taiwan. Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Asia. —

Pseudocyphellaria beccarii (Kremp.) D.J. Galloway, Bull, Pyrenula glabriuscula (Nyl.) Vain., Bot. Tidsskr 29: 146 nat. Hist. Mus. London (Bot.) 24: 119 (1994). (1909). 50 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio ( 1 909: 1 46). Pyrenula velatior Mull. Arg., Flora 68: 20 (1885).

Specimens. TUR-V (holotype). Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson (1930: 100).

Asia. China, Phihppines. Specimen. BM.

Asia. — Pyrenula leucostoma Ach., Syn. Meth. Lich.: 124 (1914).

Bottaria libricola (Fee) Vain. Pyrgillus Nyl.; Pyrenulaceae

Thailand. Trat (Lem Ngob). Vainio (1909: 142, as Bottaria Pyrgillus indicus (Kremp.) Aptroot, Biblioth. Lichenol. 44: libricola). 84(1991). Specimens. TUR-V. Pyrgillocarpon indicum (Kremp.) Nadv. Asia. Indonesia, Papua New Guinea. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon, N.P., Doi Suthep N.P.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Pyrenula macularis (Zahlbr.) R.C. Harris, Mem. New York Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 334, 339, as Pyrgillocarpon indicum). Bot. Gar^. 49:94(1989). Specimens. BM. Thailand. Rayong. Vongshewarat et al. (1999: 234). Asia. India, Malaysia. Specimens. RAMK.

Asia. Papua New Guinea. Pyrgillus javanicus (Mont. & Bosch) Nyl., Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg 5: 334 (1858). Pyrenula nitida (Weig.) Ach., Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.), Uthai Thani Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. 6: 21 (1814). (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Aguirre-

Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson (1930: 100). Hudson (1997a: 334, 339), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217).

Specimen. BM (not located). Specimens. BM, RAMK.

Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka. Asia. Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines.

Pyrenula parvinuclea (Meyen & Plot.) Aptroot, in Aptroot Pyrrhospora Korb.; Lecanoraceae et al, Biblioth. Lichenol. 64: 165 (1997).

Bottaria denudata (Nyl.) Vain. Pyrrhospora russula (Ach.) Hafellner, in Kalb & Hafellner, Herzogia 9: 86 (1992). Thailand. Chachesoa, Samut Prakan (Muang Boran), Trat (Koh Lecidea russula Ach. Chang. I.). Vainio ( 1 909: 143, as Bottaria denudata), Vongshewarat etal. (1999:234). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P., Specimens. CANB, RAMK, TUR-V. Chiang Dao N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Vainio (1921: 48, as Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea. Lecidea russula), Sato (1962: 3, as L. russula), Hafellner (1993: 737), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 333, 339; 1997b: 356), Pyrenula subaggregata Miill. Arg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 6: Boonpragob et al. (1998: 217). 410(1885). Specimens. BM, CMU, TNS, TUR-V. Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 144). Asia. China (Hong Kong). Specimen. TUR-V.

Asia. India. Pyxine Fr.; Physciaceae

Pyrenula subferruginea (Malme) R.C. Harris, Mem. New Pyxine coccifera (Fee) Nyl., Mem. Soc. Imp. Sci. Nat. York Bot. Gard. 49: 101 (1989). Cherbourg 5: 108(1857).

Thailand. Kanchanaburi (Erawan N.P.). Vongshewarat et al. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P.), (1999:235). Lampang (Doi Khun Tan N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildhfe Sanctuary). Vainio (1921: 45), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hud- Specimen. RAMK. son (1991: 172, 173; 1997a: 334; 1997b: 355). Asia. Papua New Guinea. Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, RAMK.

Pyrenula submarginata Vain., Bot. Tidsskr. 29: 146 Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Vietnam. (1909). Pyxine consocians Vain., Philipp. J. Sci., Sect. C, 8: 109 Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 146). (1913). Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Thailand. Chiang Mai, Uthai Thani. Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson Asia. — (1997a: 334; 1997b: 355, 356). catalogue of the lichens of thailand 51

Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio (1921: 36), Kashiwadani(1988: 129-133). Asia. India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Specimens. TNS, TUR-V (holotype). Pyxine coralligera Malme, Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk- Asia. Taiwan. Akad. Handl. 23(3): 40(1897).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R, Doi Suthep N.R), Relicina (Hale & Kurok.) Hale; Parmeliaceae Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 334; 1997b: 356). Relicina abstrusa (Vain.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 484 (1974).

Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R), Loei (Phu Kradung N.R), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctu- Asia. India, Papua New Guinea. ary). Culberson et al. (1981: 25), Boonpragob et al. (1999: 218), Moonetal. (2000a: 105). Pyxine retirugella Nyl., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., ser. 4, 11: 240 (1859). Specimens. BM, RAMK, TNS.

Pyxine asiatica Vain. Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan. Pyxine retirugella var. laevior Vain. Pyxine copelandii Vain. Relicina circumnodata (Nyl.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 484 (1974). Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng

Wildlife Sanctuary). Vainio (1909: 113, as Pyxine asiatica, P. Thailand. Phitsanulok (Lan Hin Taek, Phu Hin Rongkla, N.R), retirugella var. laevior and. P. copelandii). Rogers (1986: 149). Phuket (Ton Sai). Moon et al. (2000a: 105).

Specimens. BM, TUR-V. Specimens. TNS.

Asia. India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Asia. Malaysia, Philippines.

Pyxine schmidtii Vain., Hedwigia 46: 170 (1907). Relicina subabstrusa (Gyeln.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 485 (1974). Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 112). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). al. (1999:218). Asia. — Specimens. RAMK.

Asia. Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan. Ramalina Ach.; Ramalinaceae

Relicina Ramalina calicaris (L.) Rohl, Deutshl. Ft. 3(2): 139 sublanea (Kurok.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 485 (1813). (1975).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R, Chiang Dao N.R). Sato Thailand. Yala (Wang Pra, Bang-Lang N.R). Elix (1996: 120). (1962: 6), Yoshimura (1978: 37). Specimens. PSU.

Specimens. C. Asia. Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka.

Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Taiwan. Relicina sublimbata (Nyl.) Hale, Phytologia 28: 485 Ramalina conduplicans Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. (1974). Seuran Van. Julk. 1(3): 35 (1921). Thailand. Loei (Phu Kradung). Hale (1975: 31), Wolseley & Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R, Doi Suthep N.R). Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 328), Moon et al. (2000a: 103).

Vainio (1921: 35), Awasthi (1960: 177), Sato (1962: 6). Specimens. BM, TNS, US. Specimens. TUR-V (syntypes). Asia. Myanmar. Asia. — Relicinopsis Elix & Verdon; Parmeliaceae Ramalina farinacea (L.) Ach., Methodus: 263 (1803).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Chiang Dao N.R), Chumphon (Koh Tao Relicinopsis intertexta (Mont. & Bosch) Elix & Verdon,

I.), Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 104), Paulson (1930: 100), Mycotaxon21:2U (1986). Yoshimura (1978: 37). Parmelia ecoronata Nyl. Specimens. BM, C, TUR-V Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 107, as Parmelia Asia. China, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Vietnam. ecoronata).

Specimens. BM, TUR-V. Ramalina hossei Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. Seuran Van. Julk. 1(3): 36 (1921). Asia. India, Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea. 52 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Relicinopsis rahengensis (Vain.) Elix & Verdon, Asia. Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka. Mycotaxonll: 2^2 {\9m). Sarcographa medusulina (Nyl.) Miill. Arg., Flora 70: 77 Parmelia rahengensis Vain. (1887). Pseudoparmelia rahengensis (Vain.) Hale. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R), Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand. Nong Boa near Raheng, Chiang Mai (Doi Saget, Doi (Khao Yai N.R), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctu- Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P., Chieng Dao N.P., Queen Sirikit ary). Vainio (1909: 131), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 334; Botanical Garden, Maetang), Lampang (Doi Khun Tan N.P.), 1997b: 355), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 218). Phitsanulok (Lan Hin Taek, Phu Hin Rongkla, N.R), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Vainio (1921: 39, as Specimens. BM, RAMK. Parmelia rahengensis). Hale (1976a: 42, as Pseudoparmelia Asia. — rahengensis), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 329; 1997a: 334;

1997b: 335, 366), Moon et al. (2000a: 105). Spilonema Bomet; Coccocarpiaceae Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, TNS, US, TUR-V (lectotype). Spilonema schmidtii (Vain.) Henssen, Symb. Bot. Upsal. Asia. — 18: 97 (1963).

Relicinopsis malaccensis (Nyl.) Elix & Verdon, Mycotaxon Leptogidium mooreii (Hepp) Nyl. 27:282(1986). Leptodendriscum schmidtii Vain.

Thailand. Loei (Nahaew N.P.), Phitsanulok (Phu Hin Rongkla Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I). Vainio (1909: 115; 1921: 34, as N.R). Pooprang et al. (1999: 125). Leptodendriscum schmidtii), Henssen (1963: 97).

Specimens. RAMK. Specimens. TUR-V (lectotype, syntype).

Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Sri Lanka. Asia. —

Rimelia Hale & A. Fletcher; Parmeliaceae Sporopodium Mont.; Ectolechiaceae

Rimelia reticulata (Taylor) Hale & A. Fletcher, Bryologist Sporopodium hossei Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. Seuran 93: 28 (1990). Van. Julk. 1(3): 47 (1921).

Parmelia cetrata f. soredifera Vain. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio (1921 : 47). Rimelia clavulifera (Rasanen) Kurok. Specimen. TUR-V (holotype). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R, Doi Inthanon N.R, Asia. — Maetang), Chiang Rai (Ban Lang), Loei (Phu Kradung), Phitsanulok (Lan Hin Taek, Phu Hin Rongkla, N.R). Vainio (1921: 37, as Sporopodium leucoxanthum (Spreng.) Vain., Suom. Elain- Parmelia cetrata f. soredifera), Sato (1962: 3), Wolseley & ja Kasvit. Seuran Van. Julk. 1(3): 47 (1921). Aguirre-Hudson (1995: 329), Moon et al. (2000a: 105, as Rimelia

clavulifera). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio ( 1921 : 47).

Specimens. BKF, BM, CMU, TNS, TUR-V Specimen. TUR-V (holotype).

Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Asia. — Lanka, Taiwan. Sticta (Schreb.) Ach.; Lobariaceae Roccella DC; Roccellaceae Sticta boschiana Mont. & Bosch., in Junghuhn, PI. Roccella phycopsis Ach., Lichenogr. Universalis: 440 Junghuhn. 4: 436 (1855). (1803). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R, Doi Suthep N.R). Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.). Paulson (1930: 100). Wolseley (1991: 233).

Specimens. BM. Specimens. BM.

Asia. — Asia. Indonesia, Philippines.

Sarcographa Fee; Graphidaceae Sticta fuliginosa (Dicks.) Ach., Methodus: 280 (1803).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Inthanon N.R, Doi Suthep N.R). Sarcographa labyrinthica Miill. Arg., Mem. Soc. Phys. Wolseley (1991: 233), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 334). Hist. Nat. Geneve 29(8): 46 (1887). Specimens. BM. Graphis labyrinthica (Ach.) Vain. Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Philippines. Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 131, as Graphis labyrinthica). Sticta nylanderiana Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 3: 356 Specimens. BM, TUR-V. (1925). CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 53

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Chiang Dao N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P., Doi Specimens. CANB. Suthep N.P., Doi Saget). Yoshimura (1978: 38), Wolseley (1991: Asia. China, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, 233), Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson (1997a: 334). Taiwan, Vietnam. Specimens. AAU, BM, C. Syncesia Taylor; Roccellaceae Asia. China, India, Taiwan.

Syncesia albiseda (Nyl.) Tehler, Fl. Neotropica 78: 37 Sticta platyphylloides Nyl., in Hue, Bull. Soc. Bot. France (1996). 34:22(1887). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.). Yoshimura ( 1 978: 38). Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson Specimen. AAU. (1997a: 339).

Asia. China, India. Specimens. BM.

Asia. Sri Lanka. Sticta weigelii Isert, in Acharius, Lichenogr. Universalis: 446(1810). Teloschistes Norman; Teloschistaceae Thailand. Nakhon Nayok (Khao Yai N.P.). Yoshimura (1978: 39). Teloschistes flavicans (Sw.) Norman, Nytt Mag.

Naturvidensk. 7: 229 ( 1 853). Specimen. AAU.

Teloschistes flavicans f. glaber Vain. Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Indonesia.

Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 1 1 1 , as Teloschistes

Sticta wrightii Tuck., Amer J. Arts, sen 2, 28: 204 (1859). flavicans f. glaber).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Vainio (1921: 45). Specimens. TUR-V.

Specimens. TUR-V. Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka.

Asia. China, Taiwan. Thelotrema Ach.; Thelotremataceae

Strigula Fr.; Strigulaceae Thelotrema alboannuliforme Nagarkar, Sethy & Patw., Kavaka 12(2): 57 (19^5). Strigula maculata (Cooke & Massee) R. Sant., Symb. Bot. Upsal. 12(1): 186(1952). Thailand. Loei (Na Haeo N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai

N.P). Boonpragob et al. (1998: 218), Homchantara (1999: 64-66). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et al (1998: 218). Specimens. RAMK.

Specimens. CANB. Asia. India.

Asia. India, Indonesia, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam. Thelotrema albosorellum (Nyl.) Tuck., Gen. Lich.: 139

Strigula melanobapha (Kremp.) R. Sant., Symb. Bot. (1872).

Upsal. 12(1): 188(1952). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et

al. (1998: Homchantara (1999: 66-67). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et 218), al (1998: 218). Specimens. RAMK.

Specimens. CANB. Asia. India, Malaysia, Sri Lanka.

Asia. China, India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka. Thelotrema astroideum (Berk. & Broome) Hale, MycotaxonW: 131 (1980).

Strigula smaragdula Fr., Linnaea 5: 550 (1830). Thailand. Chantaburi (Namtok Phliu N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima

al. (1998: Homchantara Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et 218), (1999:69-71). al. (1998:218).

Specimens. CANB. Specimens. RAMK.

Malaysia, Sri Lanka. Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Nepal, Papua New Asia. India, Guinea, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Vietnam. Thelotrema calathiforme Vain., Hedwigia 46: 174 (1907). Strigula subtilissima (Fee) Miill. Arg., Flora 66: 346 Thailand. Trat (Koh Chang I.). Vainio (1909: 119). (1863).

Specimens. FH , TUR-V (both syntypes). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et

al. (1998:218). Asia. India. 54 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Thelotrema canarense Patw. & C.R. Kulk., Norweg. J. Thelotrema lacteum Kremp., in Nylander, Flora 47: 269 Bot.lA: 128(1977). (1864).

Thailand. Chiang Mai ( Doi Suthep N.P.), Kanchanaburi (Erawan Thailand. Sakonnakhon (Phu Pham N.P). Homchantara (1999: N.P.), Sakhon Nakhon (Phu Phan N.P). Homchantara (1999: 71- 86-89). 73). Specimens. RAMK. Specimens. BM, RAMK. Asia. India, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka.

Asia. India. Thelotrema laemense Homchantara & Coppins, Lichenologist 34: (in press). Thelotrema colobicum Nyl., Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie, set. 2,1: 169(1873). Thailand. Kanchanaburi (Khao Laem N.P). Homchantara (1999: 134-136, as Thelotrema 'unidentified 3'). Thailand. Chantaburi (Kitchakut N.P), Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep

N.P), Loei ( Na Haeo N.P, Phu Ruea N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima Specimens. E (isotype), RAMK (holotype). (Khao Yai N.P), Phetchabun (Phu Hin Rongkla N.P), Sukhothai Asia. — (Ramkhamhaeng N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife

Sanctuary). Boonpragob et al. (1998: 218), Homchantara (1999: Thelotrema lepademersum Nagarkar, Sethy & Patw., 73-76). /:flvaA:a 12(2): 59 (1985). Specimens. BM, RAMK. Thailand. Chantaburi (Namtok Phliu N.P.), Nakhon Ratchasima Asia. India, Sri Lanka. (Khao Yai N.P). Homchantara (1999: 89-91).

Specimens. RAMK. Thelotrema dilatatum (Miill. Arg.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 13 (1980). Asia. India.

Thailand. Chantaburi (NamtokPhliu N.P). Homchantara (1999: Thelotrema leprieurii (Mont.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 131 76-78). (1980). Specimens. RAMK. Thailand. Chantaburi (Namtok Phliu N.P). Boonpragob et al.

Asia. India, Malaysia, Sri Lanka. (1998: 218), Homchantara (1999: 91-93). Specimens. RAMK. Thelotrema expallescens Nyl., Flora 59: 560 (1876). Asia. India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et al. (1998:218). Thelotrema leprocarpoides Hale, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Specimens. RAMK. Hist.), Bot.SiSy. 259 (\9S\).

Asia. — Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P). Boonpragob et al. (1998: 218).

Thelotrema glaucopallens Nyl., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bat., sir. 4, Specimens. RAMK. 2:327(1863). Asia. India. Thailand. Chantaburi (Khao Soi Dao N.P, Kitchakut N.P). Homchantara (1999: 78-81). Thelotrema leprocarpum (Nyl.) Tuck., Gen. Lich.: 139 (1872). Specimens. RAMK. Thailand. Loei (Na Haeo N.P), Sukhothai (Ramkhamhaeng Asia. India, Malaysia. N.P). Homchantara (1999: 94-96).

Thelotrema imperfectum Hale, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Specimens. RAMK. Hist.), Bat. 8(3): 255 (1981). Asia. India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka. Thailand. Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Homchantara (1999: 81-83). Thelotrema monosporum Nyl., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot., ser. 4, 15:46(1860). Specimens. BM. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Asia. Sri Lanka. Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Homchantara (1999: 96-100).

Specimens. Thelotrema laceratulum Mull. Arg., Flora 70: 399 (1887). BM.

Thailand. Lampang (Wiang Kosai N.P), Nakhon Ratchasima Asia. India, Sri Lanka. (Khao Yai N.P), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Thelotrema mongkolsukii Homchantara & Coppins, Sanctuary). Homchantara (1999: 84-86). Lichenologist 34: (in press). Specimens. BM, RAMK. Thailand. Sukhothai (Ramkhamhaeng N.P). Homchantara ( 1 999: Asia. India. 129-131, as Thelotrema 'unidentified 1'). CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 55

Specimens. E (isotype), RAMK (holotype). Thelotrema porinoides Mont. & Bosch, in Junghuhn, Enum. PI. Insul. Java Sumatra: 151 (1855). Asia. — Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Boonpragob et

Thelotrema nureliyum Hale, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), al. (1998: 218), Homchantara (1999: 114-117). fio/. 8(3): 259 (1981). Specimens. RAMK. Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Boonpragob et Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philip- a\. (1998: 218), Homchantara (1999: 100-102). pines. Specimens. RAMK.

Asia. Sri Lanka. Thelotrema pseudoexanthismocarpum (Patw. & C.R. Kulk.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 132 (1980).

Thelotrema patens Nyl., Acta. Soc. Sci. Fenn. 26: 17 Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R), Satun (Thalae Ban (1900). N.R), Sukhothai (Ramkhamhaeng N.R), Uthai Thani (Huay Kha Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep), Phetchabaun (Phu Hin Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Homchantara (1999: 117-120). Homchantara 102-104). RongklaN.R). (1999: Specimens. RAMK. Specimens. BM, RAMK. Asia. India.

Asia. Malaysia, Sri Lanka. Thelotrema pycnophragmium Nyl., Sert. Lich. Trop. Thelotrema phliuense Homchantara & Coppins, Labuan Singapore: 5 (1891). Lichenologist 34: (in press). Thailand. Chantaburi (Namtok Phliu N.R). Homchantara (1999: Thailand. Chantaburi (Namtok Phliu N.P.). Homchantara (1999: 120-122). 138-140, as Thelotrema 'unidentified 5'). Specimens. RAMK. Specimens. BM (holotype). Asia. India, Malaysia. Asia. — Thelotrema rhododiscum Homchantara & Coppins, Thelotrema phlyctidioides (Miill. Arg.) Hale, Mycotaxon Lichenologist 34: (in press). 11: 132(1980). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Homchantara Thailand. Chantaburi (Namtok Phliu N.P.), Chiang Mai ( Doi (1999: 136-138, as Thelotrema 'unidentified 4'). Suthep N.R), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R), UthaiThani(Huay Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Homchantara (1999: 104-1 17). Specimens. E (isotype), RAMK (holotype).

Specimens. BM, RAMK. Asia. —

Asia. Sri Lanka. Thelotrema rugatulum Nyl., Bull. Soc. Linn. Normandie, ser. 2,7: 168(1873). Thelotrema piluliferum Tuck., Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 227 (1868). Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Boonpragob et aL (1998: 218). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.). Homchantara: 1999: 107-108. Specimens. RAMK.

Specimens. BM. Asia. India

Asia. Malaysia, Sri Lanka. Thelotrema subhiatum Patw. & Nagarkar, Biovigyanam 6:

Thelotrema platysporum Harm., Bull. Seances Soc. Sci. 9(1980). Nancy,s6r.3,13:4\ (1912). Thailand. Chantaburi (Kitchakut N.R), Phetchabun (Phu Hin Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Homchantara Rongkla N.R), Sakonnakhon (Phu Phan N.R). Homchantara (1999: (1999: 110-112). 120-122).

Specimens. BM, RAMK. Specimens. RAMK.

Asia. India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka. Asia. India.

Thelotrema poeltii Patw. & C.R. Kulk., Norweg. J. Bat. 24: Thelotrema turgidulum (Miill. Arg.) Hale, Mycotaxon 11: 130(1977). 132(1980).

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Boonpragob et Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.R). Boonpragob et al. (1998: 218). aL (1998: 218), Homchantara (1999: 125-129).

Specimens. RAMK. Specimens. RAMK.

Asia. India. Asia. India. 56 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

Thelotrema weberi Hale, Phytologia. 27: 497 (1974). Tylophoron Nyl. ex Stizenb.; Caliciales

Thailand. Chiang Mai ( Doi Suthep N.P.). Homchantara (1999: Tylophoron moderatum Nyl., Bot. Zeitung 20: 279 (1862). 107-108). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R), Uthai Thani (Huay Specimens. BM. Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary). Wolseley & Aguirre-Hudson Asia. Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka. (1997a: 334, 339).

Specimens. BM. .> • Tricharia Fee emend. R. Sant.; Gomphillaceae. Asia. China, India, Taiwan.

Tricharia aff. vainioi R. Sant., Symb. Bot. Upsal. 12(1): Usnea Dill, ex Adans.; 382(1952). Usneaceae

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Usnea australis Fr., Syst. Orb. Veg.: 282 (1825). al. (1998:218). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P.).

Specimen. RAMK. Vainio (1921: 33), Sato (1962: 4), Santisuk (1988: 99).

Asia. China, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines. Specimen. TUR-V.

Asia. — Trypethelium Spreng.; Trypetheliaceae

Usnea baileyi (Stirt.) Zahlbr., Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Trypethelium eluteriae Spreng., Anleit. Kenntn. Gew. 3: Wiss., Wien Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 83: 182, 191 (1909). 351 (1804). Eumitria perrubescens Vain. Thailand. Chumphon (Koh Tao I.), Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Usnea implicita (Stirt.) Zahlbr. Yai N.R). Paulson (1930: 100), Boonpragob et al. (1998: 218). Usnea implicita subsp. perrubescens Stirt. Specimens. BM, CANB, RAMK. Thailand. Loei (Phu Luang, Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.).

Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua Vainio (1921: 35, as Eumitria perrubescens), Motyka (1936: 62, as New Guinea, Taiwan, Vietnam. Usnea implicita subsp. perrubescens), Rogers & Stevens (1988: 358), Yoshimura(1978:35). Trypethelium nigroporum Makhija & Patw., J. Hattori Specimens. AAU, C, TUR-V (holotype of Eumitriaperrubescens). Bot. Lab. 73: 202 (1993). Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong), Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand. Loei (Naheaw), Sakonnakhon (Phu Pan N.P.). Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan. Vongshewarat et al. (1999: 235). Usnea baileyi subsp. chrysopora (Stein) Asahina, / Jap. Specimens. RAMK. Bot. 42: 7 (\967). Asia. India. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Chiang Dao N.P.).

Trypethelium tropicum (Ach.) Miill. Arg., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. Yoshimura(1978:36).

6:393(1885). Specimens. C.

Thailand. Nakhon Ratchasima (Khao Yai N.P.). Boonpragob et Asia. Philippines. al. (1998:218).

Usnea baileyi subsp. septentrionalis Asahina, in Hara, Ft. Specimens. CANB, RAMK. Eastern Himalaya: 598 (1966). Asia. China (Hong Kong), India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R), Loei (Thung Salaeng, New Guinea, Singapore, Vietnam. Phu Luang N.P). Yoshimura (1978: 35). Trypethelium variolosum (Ach.) Mull. Arg., Flora 68: 255 Specimens. AAU, C. (1885). Asia. India, Nepal, Taiwan. Pseudopyrenula ochroleuca (Eschw.) Vain. Pseudopyrenula ochroleuca van subdissocians Vain. Usnea dasycera (Nyl.) Motyka, Usnea: 552 (1936-38). Trypethelium ochroleucum var. subdissocians (Vain.) Zahlbr. Usnea perplexans f. dasycera (Nyl.) Vain.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R), Trat (Koh Chang I.). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.R). Vainio (1921: 33, as Vainio (1909: 147; 1921: 55, as Pseudopyrenula ochracea), Harris Usnea perplexans f. dasycera). (1998: 145). Specimens. AAU, C. Specimen. TUR-V (holotype of Pseudopyrenula ochroleuca var. subdissocians). Asia. —

Asia. India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea. Usnea endochroa var. papillata (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lick. f/mv. 6:564(1930).

Eumitria endochroa var. papillata Vain. CATALOGUE OF THE LICHENS OF THAILAND 57

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.). Vainio (1921: 34, as Usnea pectinata Taylor, in Hooker, J. Bot. (London) 6: 191 Eumitria endochroa var. papillata). (1847).

Specimen. TUR-V. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P), Loei (Phu Kradung N.P, Phu Luang N.P). Awasthi (1986: 362), Yoshimura (1978: 36), Asia. Philippines. Kurokawa & Kashiwadani (1988: 51).

Usnea endorhodina (Vain.) Zahlbr., Cat. Lich. Univ. 6: 564 Specimens. Kurokawa, Lich. Ran Crit. Exs. No. 347, C, AAU. (1930). Asia. China, India, Malaysia. Eumitria endorhodina Vain.

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P.). Vainio (1921: 34, as Usnea perplexans Stirt. Scott. Naturalist (Perth) 6: 103 Eumitria endorhodina). (1881).

Chiang (Doi Suthep N.P). Vainio ( 1 92 1 : 33). Specimen. TUR-V. Thailand. Mai Specimen. AAU. Asia. Philippines.

Asia. India, Philippines. Usnea florida var. subcomosa Vain., Philipp. J. Set. Sect. C, 4: 652 (1909). Usnea rubicunda Stirt., Scott. Naturaliust (Perth) 6: 102

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Vainio (1921 : 33). (1881).

Specimen. TUR-V. Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P), Phu Miang. Yoshimura (1978: 36). Asia. China, Philippines. Specimens. AAU. Usnea himantodes Stirt., Scott. Naturalist (Perth) 7: 75 Asia. China, India, Indonesia, Taiwan, Vietnam. (1883).

Usnea neoguineensis var. gracilior Asahina. Xanthoparmelia (Vain.) Hale; Parmeliaceae Usnea neoguineensis var. neoguineensis Asahina.

Thailand. Loei (Phu Luang). Asahina (1968: 497, as Usnea Xanthoparmelia congensis (Stein) Hale, Phytologia 28: neoguineensis var. gracilior), Yoshimura (1978: 36, as U. neoguine- 486 (1974). ensis and U. neoguineensis var. gracilior), Stevens (1990: 410). Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Saget), Loei (Ban Sui, Phu Kradung), Specimens. AAU, TNS (holotypes of Usnea neoguineensis var. Lumpang (Khuntan N.P.), Phitsanulok (Lan Hin Taek, Phu Hin gracilior and Usnea neoguineensis var. neoguineensis). Rongkla, N.P), Sakonnakhon (Phu Pan N.P). Pooprang et al. (1999: 125), Moon et al. (2000a: 105). Asia. China, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Taiwan. Specimens. RAMK, TNS.

Usnea hossei Vain., Suom. Elain-ja Kasvit. Seuran Van. Asia. China (incl. Hong Kong). Julk. 1(3): 34 (1921).

Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P., Doi Inthanon N.P.). Xanthoparmelia mougeotina (Nyl.) D.J. Galloway, New Vainio (1921: 34), Zahlbruckner (1933: 581), Sato (1938: 4; 1962: Zealand J. Bot. 18: 538 (1981). Herre (1963: 65), Santisuk (1988: 99). 4), Thailand. Lumpang (Khuntan N.R). Pooprang etal. (1999: 125). Specimens. BKF, TNS, TUR-V (syntypes). Specimen. RAMK. Taiwan. Asia. China, Malaysia, Asia. Papua New Guinea.

Usnea leucospilodea Nyl., J. Linn. Soc. London (Bot.) 20: 30(1883). Acknowledgements. We are grateful to those organisations and Thailand. Chiang Mai (Doi Suthep N.P). Asahina, (1969: 37), individuals who have assisted this project over many years: the Leverhulme Yoshimura (1978: 36). Trust who provided the initial funding to Pat Wolseley and Begona Aguirre- Hudson for this research in Thailand; The Natural History Museum for Specimen. AAU, C. supporting this research during and since initial funding; Prof Teuvo Ahti Asia. India, Papua New Guinea, Laos, Malaysia, Taiwan. (Helsinki), Prof. Jack Elix (Canberra), Dr Seppo Huhdnen (Turku), Dr Hiroyuki Kashiwadani (Tokyo). Laszlo Lokos (Budapest), Dr Simone Kansri Usnea luridorufa Stirt., Scott. Naturalist (Perth) 7: 104 Louwhoff (London), the Royal Forestry Department, Thailand; Prof (1881). Boonpragob, Dr Natsurang Homchantara and the staff and students of the Lichen Research Group, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok; Dr Wanaruk Awasthi Thailand. Doi Suthep. Motyka (1937-38: 523), (1986: Saipunkaew (Chiang Mai University), Dr Oy Kanjanavanit and M.R. 374). Smansnid Svasti.

This catalogue is dedicated to Thai lichenologists and especially to Prof. Specimen. AAU, C. Kansri Boonpragob and Dr Natsurang Homchantara under whose direction Asia. China. lichenology now flourishes in Thailand. 1 .

58 P.A. WOLSELEY, B. AGUIRRE-HUDSON AND P.M. MCCARTHY

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Taxonomic notes on some African species in tlie family Calymperaceae (Musci) LT. Ellis Typification of Ranunculus bullatus L. (Ranunculaceae) R.M. Baldini and C.E. Jarvis 13 Catalogue of the lichens of Thailand P.A. Wolseley, B. Aguirre-Hudson and P.M. McCarthy

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