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Bulletin of the Natural History Museum ISSN 0968-0446 Bulletin of The Natural History Museum THf: , NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM 23 AUG 2(JU2 p^cstnrreD @gM&RAi Botany Series I U8BARY THE NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM VOLUME 32 NUMBER 1 27 JUNE 2002 The Bulletin of The Natural History Museum (formerly: Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) ), instituted in 1949, is issued in four scientific series, Botany, Entomology, Geology (incorporating Mineralogy) and Zoology. The Botany Series is edited in the Museum's Department of Botany Keeper of Botany: Prof. R. Bateman Editor of Bulletin: Ms S. A. Henderson Papers in the Bulletin are primarily the results of research carried out on the unique and ever-growing collections of the Museum, both by the scientific staff and by specialists from elsewhere who make use of the Museum's resources. Many of the papers are works of reference that will remain indispensable for years to come. All papers submitted for publication are subjected to external peer review before acceptance. SUBSCRIPTIONS Bulletin of the Natural History Museum, Botany Series (ISSN 0968-0446) is published twice a year (one volume per annum) in June and November. Volume 32 will appear in 2002. The 2002 subscription price (excluding VAT) of a volume, which includes print and electronic access, is £88.00 (US $155.00 in USA, Canada and Mexico). The electronic-only price available to institutional subscribers is £79.00 (US $140.00 in USA, Canada and Mexico). ORDERS Orders, which must be accompanied by payment, may be sent to any bookseller, subscription agent or direct to the publisher: Cambridge University Press, The Edinburgh Building, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK; or in the USA, Canada and Mexico: Cambridge University Press, Journals Department, 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 101 1-421 1, USA. EU subscribers (outside the UK) who are not registered for VAT should add VAT at their country's rate. VAT registered members should provide their VAT registration number. Japanese prices for institutions (including ASP delivery) are available from Kinokuniya Company Ltd, P.O. Box 55, Chitose, Tokyo 156, Japan. Prices include delivery by air. Postmaster: send address changes in USA, Canada and Mexico to: Bulletin ofthe Natural History Museum, Botany Series, Cambridge University Press, 1 10 Midland Avenue, Port Chester, New York, NY 105783-4930. Claims for missing issues should be made immediately on receipt of the subsequent issues. Orders and enquiries for issues prior to 2002 should be sent to: Intercept Ltd., P.O. Box 716, Andover, Hampshire SPIO lYG, Telephone: (01264) 334748, Fax: (01264) 334058, Email: [email protected], Internet: http://www.intercept.co.uk ADVERTISING Apply to the Publisher. Address enquiries to the Advertising Promoter. COPYRIGHT AND PERMISSIONS This journal is registered with the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Organizations in the USA who are also registered with CCC may therefore photocopy material (beyond the limits permitted by Section 107 and 108 of US Copyright law) subject to payment to CCC of the per-copy fee of $ 1 6.00. This consent does not extend to multiple copying for promotional or commercial purposes. Code 0968-0446/2002 $16.00. ISI Tear Sheet Service, 3501 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA, is authorised to supply single photocopies of separate articles for private use only. Organizations authorised by the UK Copyright Licensing Agency may also copy material subject to the usual conditions. For all other use, permission should be sought from Cambridge University Press. No part of this publication may otherwise be reproduced, stored or distributed by any means without permission in writing from Cambridge University Press, acting for the copyright holder. Copyright © The Natural History Museum, 2002 ELECTRONIC ACCESS This journal is included in the Cambridge Journals Online service which can be found at: http://joumals.cambridge.org For further information on other Press titles access http://uk.cambridge.org or http://us.cambridge.org World list abbreviation: Bull. nat. Hist. Mus. Lond. (Bot.) ISSN 0968-0446 The Natural History Museum Botany Series Cromwell Road Vol. 32, No. I, pp. 1-59 London SW7 5BD Issued 27 June 2002 Typeset by Ann Buchan (Typesetters), Middlesex Printed in Great Britain by Henry Ling Ltd, at the Dorset Press, Dorchester, Dorset Xxcs^^^v^' ^ ) Bull. nat. Hist. Mus. Umd. (Bot.) 32(1): 1-5 Issued 27 June 2002 Taxonomic notes on some African species in ^—. « the family Calymperaceae (Musci) history iviuseui j ^ i 28 AUa 20 Q2 LEN T. ELLIS Department of Botany, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD Synopsis. Syrrhopodon usambaricus Broth, ex S. Orban is placed in synonymy with Syrrhopodon asper Mitt., and Syrrhopodon lisowskii S. Orban in synonymy with Syrrhopodon gardneri (Hook.) Schwagr. The distinctive features of Syrrhopodon stuhlmannii Broth, are discussed, and the only records of Calymperes moluccense Schwagr. from Africa are redetermined as Calymperes palisotii Schwagr. The research for this paper was largely undertaken in response to Intermediate expressions of these contrasting features of difficulties encountered in identifying the specimens oi Syrrhopodon Hannington s.n. and Liebusch s.n. are apparent in the great range of collected during the British Bryological Society Expedition to material now available for examination, and indicate that these Mulanje Mountain, Malawi, 1991. Determination of this material superficially distinct type specimens represent extreme forms of the would have been considerably more difficult without the important same species. For example. Wood 1726 (Tanzania, BM, BM-K) has primary accounts of the African species of Syrrhopodon by Orban leaves proportioned like those of the type of Syrrhopodon asper ihdX (1981) and Orban & Reese (1986). become curled when dry, but some cross-sections through the distal hyaline leaf base show a degree of differentiation closer to that in the Syrrhopodon asper Mitt, in J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 7: 151: 1863. Type: type of S. usambaricus (Fig. Ij). Tanzania, Kilimanjaro, Hannington s.n. (NY!-holotype, BM!- Specimens examined. Malawi. Mulanje Mountain, June 1991: isotype). Hodgetts 2041a, 2047c, 2220b, 2532a, 2669a (RNG!); Kathumba Fig. 1. M5915a (RNG!), M5916 (BM!); Kungu M3123a (RNG!); Longton Syrrhopodon usambaricus Broth, ex S. Orban xnActa Bot. Hung. 24: M8054a, M8058a, 8425b (RNG!); Magombo M4041b, 4042b 113 (1978), syn. nov. Type: Tanzania, Usambara, Lutindi, 1902, (RNG!); Porley 35a, 278a (RNG!); Russell M6055b, M6063a, Liebusch s.n. (H-BR!-holotype). M6068a (RNG!); Wigginton M1034a, M1682a (RNG!), M1201a (BM!). Uganda. Kadese, Ruwenzori Mts, above Miniba camp, Discussion. The leaves in Syrrhopodon asper Mitt, consist of a 2700 m, 22 January 1962, Loveridge JPL397 (BM!). Kenya. Mutha linear-lanceolate chlorophyllose limb extending from a subelliptical Hill, August 1938, Boy Joana 7519 (BM!, BM-K!). Tanzania. hyaline base. They possess a prominent marginal rib and are spinulose Usambara, Lutindi, 1911, Liebusch s.n. (H-BR!); Usambara Ouset, to various degrees. As in many species of Calymperes and Crete Matundsi-Mashindei, SE of Ambangudu Tea Estate, 1 300 m, 5 Syrrhopodon, the leaves in different specimens can vary widely in February 1985, Pocs 8533/R (BM!); Kilimanjaro: above Marangu, their relative dimensions (Fig. la-c), and range from a stubby 4 mm 2000 m, 13 July 1948, Hedberg 1144e (BM-K!); on path between to a slender 7.5 mm long. The marginal ribs, viewed in cross-section, Marangu and Bismark Hut, 2400 m, 24 February 1953, Wood 1726 are well differentiated. Commonly, a superficial layer of (BM!, BM-K!). Morogoro District: Nguru Mts, ridge behind chlorophyllose cells encloses small dorsal and ventral groups of Dikurura Valley, 1700-1900 m, 6°02'S 37°32'E, Pocs 89119AV stereids that are separated by a median row of guide cells (a costa- (BM!); Nguru ya Ndege Hill NNW of Morogoro town, summit, like arrangement of tissues). This arrangement of cells in the marginal 1200-1350 m, 6° 42'S 37° 36'E, Pocs & Knox 88252/H (BM!). rib is plainly developed in the leaves of some specimens and less Mozambique. Namiili, Makua Country, 1887, Last s.n. (BM-K!). well developed in others (Fig. le-h). Towards the base in all leaves, the marginal rib becomes a flattened, undifferentiated, often Syrrhopodon stuhlmannii Broth. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24: 240 (1897). unistratose band of linear cells. The region in the leaf base in which Type. Tanzania, Uluguru, Bergwald, 1600 m, Stuhlmann 8809 the margin transforms from a differentiated rib to an undifferentiated (BM!-isotype). band also varies between specimens. Fig. 2a-d. The type specimen of Syrrhopodon usambaricus Broth, ex S. Orban {Liebusch s.n., H-BR) represents a form of 5. asper Mitt, Discussion. In Orban & Reese ( 1 986) Syrrhopodon usambaricus with tall, slender shoots. The leaves are relatively fine and nar- Broth, ex S. Orban [=Syrrhopodon asper Mitt.] is keyed out beside row, and hardly curl when dry. The marginal ribs are well S. stuhlmannii Broth. Large specimens of 5. asper are superficially differentiated, and in the leaf base, the transition from polystratose similar to those of 5. stuhlmannii. Both species possess leaves with rib to undifferentiated band occurs well below the apex of the marginal ribs that have a costa-like structure (viewed in cross- hyaline lamina (Fig. li). In the isotype material of S. asper section). However, the species are easily distinguished. In leaves of {Hannington s.n., BM) the shoots are small and have shorter, 5. .stuhlmannii the marginal ribs are mostly smooth; the cells of the stubbier leaves. These curl when dry, are notably spinulose, and chlorophyllose lamina are ventral ly roundly protuberant, and dorsally have prominent, well-differentiated marginal ribs. The region flat to barely protuberant (Fig. 2a-d). The rib at the margin of the along the leaf at which the margin transforms from differentiated distal hyaline lamina is very well developed and strongly differenti- polystratose rib to unistratose/bistratose band tends to be adjacent ated, with a median row of guide cells often more than nine cells to the apex of the hyaline lamina (Fig Ik).
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