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How to Grow More Vegetables Is Revised a Demonstration and Teaching Biointensive International Magazine Articles; a PBS-TV Third Time and Is Expanded by Over 40%

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How to Grow More Vegetables Is Revised a Demonstration and Teaching Biointensive International Magazine Articles; a PBS-TV Third Time and Is Expanded by Over 40% The Story So Far . 1972 through fair displays; school and college 1982 1 Ecology Action begins a ⁄ 2-acre research lectures; radio interviews; national and How to Grow More Vegetables is revised a demonstration and teaching Biointensive international magazine articles; a PBS-TV third time and is expanded by over 40%. garden and a 3-acre community garden on special, Gardensong, about Alan Chadwick Calorie, compost, and tree crops are Syntex Corporation land in the Stanford and the projects he inspired, and the added, making the book really about how University Industrial Park in Palo Alto, publication of Soybeans, The U-Bar, Food to grow more food. New booklets, Grow California. Ecology Action emphasizes from Your Backyard Homestead, The Self- Your Compost Materials at Home and economic mini-farming. Fertilizing Herbal Lawn, and Beginning to Examining the Tropics, are published. Mini-Farm—booklets in the Self-Teaching Newsweek covers gardening, highlighting 1973 Mini-Series. Tests of garden beds by a Ecology Action’s program. Continued 1972 Preliminary Research Report outlines University of California graduate student airing of the PBS-TV special, Gardensong, initial yield and resource consumption in soil science shows an unexpected accel- results in thousands of inquiries to Ecol- information. erated rate of humified carbon buildup, a ogy Action. Ecology Action moves to a process that normally takes hundreds of new rural site in northern California, just 1974 years. Two beds from the research site outside of Willits. This site’s rustic condi- We publish our first book on Biointensive are moved to a protected area to allow tions, heavy winter rains, prolonged sum- philosophy and techniques, How to Grow future monitoring. mer droughts, short growing season, More Vegetables. The Shri A.M.M. Murugappa Chettier steep slopes, and depleted rocky soil are Research Centre in India reports success- similar in many ways to those in countries 1976 ful use of the Biointensive method to where Ecology Action’s work is having its 1972–1975 Research Report Summary improve local nutrition. A major article most dramatic impact. is published with detailed data on yields, about Ecology Action’s work appears in resource consumption, and worldwide the premier issue of Science ’80. Alan 1983 applications for Biointensive mini-farming. Chadwick, originator of the Biointensive A second report is received from India approach used by Ecology Action, dies. about a successful pilot program, this one 1977 His work, vision, and example inspired involving women raising food under We begin an apprentice program. thousands of people. drought conditions. Our first apprentice at the Willits site graduates and leaves with 1978 1981 his family for a new home in Brazil. A second edition of How to Grow More Veg- U.S. Secretary of Agriculture, Bob Berg- Steve and Judy Rioch offer their farm etables is published by Ten Speed Press. land, notes that Ecology Action’s work is and energies for an East Coast Bio- Six years of research determine the feasi- “10 years ahead of its time.” Ecology intensive mini-farming site in the United bility of an economic mini-farm earning Action cosponsors the Third International States. Ecology Action launches Bountiful 1 $5,000–$20,000 on as little as ⁄ 8 acre with Conference on Small-Scale and Intensive Gardens, a mail-order supply service for one person working it, and of a complete Food Production. One hundred partici- essential seeds, books, and supplies, to vegetarian diet for one person being pants attend from 14 countries, including increase our outreach. A Reader’s Digest grown on as little as 2,800 square feet. Mainland China. A transcript of the con- article on gardening and Ecology Action’s ference, Intensive Food Production on a approach is published. 1979 Human Scale, is published. This confer- Six Self-Teaching Mini-Series book- How to Grow More Vegetables is published ence also results in a Biointensive project lets—The U-Bar (1980), Food from Your with Spanish data in metric units. Bio- in China. Three more Self-Teaching Mini- Backyard Homestead (1980), The Self- intensive Mini-Farming: A Rational Use Series booklets—Modular Multi-Use Fertilizing Herbal Lawn (1980), Begin-ning of Natural Resources and Cucumber Mini-Greenhouse Plans, A 10-Crop 5-Year to Mini-Farm (1980), Modular Multi-Use Bonanza, the first two booklets in our Self- Learning and Test Workbook, and A Per- Mini-Greenhouse Plans (1981), and A 10- Teaching Mini-Series, are published. spective—are published. Twenty books by Crop 5-Year Learning and Test Workbook other organizations and individuals using (1981)—are gathered together in 1980 Biointensive techniques based on Ecology Backyard Homestead, Mini-Farm and This is the last year for Ecology Action’s Action publications have appeared by this Garden Log Book, which is published by Garden/Mini-Farm site in Palo Alto. Infor- time. Ecology Action actively looks for a Ten Speed Press. mation on the method continues to spread new research garden/mini-farm site. [continued at end of book] . for lo, the eternal and sovereign luminous space, where rule the unnumbered stars, is the air we breathe in and the air we breathe out. And in the moment betwixt the breathing in and the breathing out is hidden all the mysteries of the Infinite Garden. —Essene Gospel of Peace How to A Primer on the Life-Giving Sustainable GROW BIOINTENSIVE® Method of Organic Horticulture *than you ever thought possible Grow More Vegetables* (and fruits, nuts, berries, grains, and other crops) by John Jeavons Ecology Action of the Midpeninsula TEN SPEED PRESS BERKELEY • TORONTO on less land than you can imagine Copyright © 1974, 1979, 1982, 1990, 1991, 1995, 2001, 2002 by Ecology Action of the Midpeninsula, 5798 Ridgewood Road, Willits, CA 95490-9730 www.growbiointensive.org Ten Speed Press P. O. Box 7123 Berkeley, California 94707 www.tenspeed.com All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, except brief excerpts for the purpose of review, without written permission of the publisher. Distributed in Australia by Simon & Schuster Australia, in Canada by Ten Speed Press Canada, in New Zealand by Southern Publishers Group, in South Africa by Real Books, and in the United Kingdom and Europe by Airlift Book Company. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Jeavons, John. How to grow more vegetables : and fruits, nuts, berries, grains, and other crops than you ever thought possible on less land than you can imagine / by John Jeavons. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-58008-156 -8 1. Vegetable gardening. 2. Organic gardening. I. Title. SB324.3 .J424 2002 635—dc21 2001006451 Cover design by Larissa Pickens Interior design by Linda Davis, Star Type, based on a design by Brenton Beck, Fifth Street Design Associates Major illustrations by Pedro J. Gonzalez Illustrations on pages 10 through 12 by Ann Miya, based on illustrations by Pedro J. Gonzalez Illustrations on pages vi, vii, 2, 6, 22, 34, 49, 62, 65, 66, 74, 121, 142, and 156 by Susan Stanley Illustrations on pages 66 (top) and 78 (bottom) by Sue Ellen Parkinson Other illustrations by Betsy Jeavons Bruneau Copyediting by Shirley Coe Printed in the United States 345678910 — 08 07 060504 Drawing of the original Common Ground Garden in Palo Alto, California, provided by Landal Institute, Sausalito, California. Contents A Perspective for the Future / viii How to Grow Made Simple / xiv A General Preface / xvii An Historical Introduction / xxii 1 History and Philosophy / 2 Bed Preparation / 6 Initial Preparation Process Ongoing Preparation Process Complete Texturizing Process 2 U-Bar Process Sustainability / 22 The Loss of Soil Nutrients Ecology Action’s Pursuit of and Humus Sustainability Initially Adding Nutrients Current Goals of Understanding and 3 and Humus to the Soil Achieving “99%” Sustainability Losses = Gains? How to Better Sustain Your Soil’s 100% Sustainability Impossible Fertility The Need for Up to “99%” The 60/30/10 Crop Area Model Sustainability Sustainability Worldwide Compost / 34 A “Natural” System Size and Timing Functions Compost Curing Maturation The Process and Application Rates 4 Soil and Other Materials in Composting Methods Compared the Compost Pile Materials to Use Minimally Building the Pile or Not at All Key Organic Functions Functions of Compost in the Soil Watering the Pile Building a Compost Pile Locating the Pile Step by Step Fertilization / 49 Soil Testing pH Organic Soil Amendments Shaping the Bed 5 What a Home Soil Test Will Adding Fertilizers and Compost Not Tell You More-Sustainable Fertilization Seed Propagation / 62 Seed Planting Flat Soil 6 Flats Some Causes of Poor Germination Pricking Out MASTER CHARTS Transplanting (Use Column H for Spacings) Spotting Vegetables and Garden Crops Planting by the Phases of the Moon Calorie, Grain, Protein Source, and Watering Vegetable Oil Crops Shade Netting Compost, Carbon, Organic Matter, Mini-Greenhouses Fodder, and Cover Crops Key Water Factors Energy, Fiber, Paper, and Other Weeding Crops Planting in Season Tree and Cane Crops Plant-Growing Temperature Ranges Flower Spacing Chart Soil Temperatures for Seed Germination Herb Spacing Chart Making the Garden Plan / 121 The Garden Year Four-Year Plans for One-Person Simple Mini-Garden Mini-Garden 7 Four-Person Family Food Garden Companion Planting / 142 Health Physical Complementarity Nutrition Weed, Insect, and Animal Relationships Beneficial Herbs Companionate Vegetable Chart Crop Rotation Companionate Herb Chart
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