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CONGRESSION.._~li RECORD-· HOU&. JUNE 18,

. . . Secretary called the· roll, ::tnd the following Senators an- The Post Office Department'a expectation of saving $7,000 000, re­ ferred to by Representative· .TEENERSON, is.. fully justified. as will. swered to tlieir nam-e.s.:- · · seen from the following reports on authorized annual rate of pay to the Beckham Harding Lewlcr Sheppard railroads at various dates..: Borah Hardwick McLean Sherman 'ct. 31, 1916, on weight basis:_____ :.._ '------$G2, 242, 000 I Bra.ndeg~e Henderson· Jl.lcNary Smi~.MiL Nov. 1, 1916, weight and spaec combined------65, 4!:>2, 000 Calder Hollis _ Norris Smith, S. . July 1, 1917, weight and space combined______58,518-, 000 I Chamberlain J ob.nson;Cal. Nugent' Smoot Sept. 30, 1917, weight and space. combine

the adoption of the space plan is free from doubt. At any The Christmas boxes, of which there was a record of 30,000 or 40,000 still undelivered during 1\Iarcb, wer·e not mail, but were boxes heavier rate, it has not yet been upheld, and until it is upheld it is than 7 pounds in weight, shipped on transports by the Army from the premature to contend that it has accomplished a saving. • port of e:rnbuk&t!-an. They were in no sense :c5niteu States mail, but Tbe following summary of the report by the committee on were freight sent over by the Quartermaster Department of the Army. postal affairs of the Commerce Association of New York was ' . OTTO PllAEGEH. unanimously approved by that association, and has been sub­ BRIDGES ACROSS BIG SAND~. RITER, VA. mitted to the committees of Congress and to the President and Mr. MONTAGUE. Mr; Speaker, I ask unanimous consent, on the Postmaster General : behalf of the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, IXQUIRY CONCERNING MAIL DELAYS. for the present consideration of the bill (S. 4127) to authorize NEW YORK, May 13, 1918. the W. 1\I. Ritter Lumber Co., a corporation, to construct bridges To tl1e Board of Directors, across the branches and tributaries of the Big Sandy River nnd The Merchants' .Association of "Kew Yot·k: their tributaries, in the counties of Buchanan and Dickenson, in Following many complaints of mail delays, your committee on postal the State of Virginia, which I send to the desk and ask to ha\e affairs, in accordance with your instructions, caused to be made a study of mail movement throughout the United States to learn the read. prevalence and extent of such delays and their causes. The SPEAKER. The gentleman £rom Virginia asks unani­ The inquiry was in active progress during :1. period of five months. mous consent for the present consitleration of the bill S. 4127, The methods were as follows : 1. llusiness organizations throughout the entire country were asked which the Clerk will report. to state their experience as to mail delays. The Clerk reported the title of the bill. 2. Ten thousand test letters with return envelopes were mailed in The SPEAKER. Is there objection? two series to approximately 800 correspondents scattered in every part of the United States. In the first test one letter and in the second test Mr. STAFFORD. 1\.Ir. Speaker, let the bill be reported. two lP.tters at different hours were mailed to each correspondent daily The SPEAKER.- The Clerk will report the bill. for 12 consecutive days, exclusive of Sundays and holidays. The test The Clerk read as follows: letters dispatched and received aggregated approximately 20,000. Be it enacted, etc., That theW. M. Ritter Lumber Co., a corporation, 3. Through the American Bankers' Association were obtai.ned the created, organized, and existing under the laws of the State of West envelopes covering the daily mail, for a period of 10 days, of banks in Virginia (and duly qualified to do business in the State of Virginia), its 23 banking centers. successors and assigns, be, and they hereby are, authorized to con truct, 4. An analysis was made of the postal-train records of 26 railroads. maintain, and operate bridges, with single or double tracks and ap­ to develop the causes and the extent of delays to the principal postal proaches thereto, over and across the branches and tributaries of the trains nnd what part_ if any, of such delays resulted from conditions Big Sandy River and their tributaries, in the counties of Buchanan and imposed by the Post uffice Department upon the railroads. Dickenson, in the State of Virginia, at such points, as it may now: or 5. An analysis of official post-office 1·eports was made to learn the hereafter be desired for the passage of railroad, tramroad, or loggmg­ extent of the reductions in postal-car service made by order of the rost road engines, cars, and trains, in accordance with the provisions of the Office Department. act entitled "An act to regulate the construction of bridges over navi­ 6. Inquiry was made on the following points: gable waters," approved March 23, 1906. • Whether important mails are regularly dispatched from their points SEc. 2. That the right to alter, amend, or repeal this act is h ereby of origin upon the trains by which they should move. Whether sufficient space_ is provided upon postal trains promptly to expressly reserved. move all the mail awaiting transportation. With the following committee amendments: Whether the mail received at and forwarded through the nostal ter­ Page 1, line 8, strike out the words "with single or doubie tracks.'' minal stations is promptly assorted, distr-ibuted. and forwarded. Page 2, line 1, strike out the word " such." To what extent, if any, mail moving by railway postal cars, upon Page 2 lines 1, 2, and 3, strike out the words "as it may now or which it should be assorted in transit, is not so assorted, thereby caus­ hereafter 'be desired for the passage of railroad, tramroad, or Jogging ing it to be carried by its destination or causing it to be delayed in a road engines, cars, and trains," and insert in lieu ther<'of the words terminal station for assorting pending its further progress. "suitable to the interests of navigation." These various studies and analyses show the following conditions of fact: The SPEAKER. Is there objection? I. Material, and in many cases serious, delays in the movement of 1\.Ir. STAFFORD. Mr. Speaker, reserving the right to object, mail are general throughout the United States. II. Railway post-office car service has been wholly abolished or greatly will the gentleman inform the House as to tbe number of briclges curtalled upon 1,612 trains out of a total of 6,636 trains previously it is contemplated to be constructed over the various streams having such service, the reduction affecting 25:32 per cent of such referred to in the bill under consideratiou? postal trains. Railway post-office car service was formerly operated over about 217,462 miles of line. It. has been wholly abolished or Mr. MONTAGUE. I think there are two or three over this greatly curtailed over about 96,178 miles of line. Thus about 44.23 river and two or three over its tributaries. per cent of the entire line mileage has been wholly or partly deprived of 1\.Ir. STAFFORD. I notice that the committee has amended the advantages of railway post-office car service; and the mails carried over these lines, formerly assorted in transit, and progressed through the bill so as to conform to the usual phraseology, inserting the terminal points without detentl~n, are now held at such terminal points words "suitable to the interests of navigation." for assorting. III. Serious delays in the assorting and forwarding of mails occur in Mr. MONTAGUE. Yes. terminal stations. _The SPEAKER. Is there objection? IV. Owing to insufficient postal-car space or insufficient time for load­ There was no objection. ing, large quantities of mail are frequently left on the platforms of principal stations of important mail routes !rom New York. In some The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the amend­ cases Reveral trains pass before such left-over mail can be forwarded. ments. V. The movement of important postal trains has been seriously ­ The amendments were agreed to. layed by the conditions imposed by the Post Office Department as to the loading and unloading of mail at important stations. In the case of The SPEAKER. The question is on a third reading of tile one of the heaviest mail routes the average train delay due to mails, Senate bill. during a period of 30 da:ys, was 50.36 per cent of the total train delays. The bill was ordered to be read a third time, was read the For 462 trains operating on 26 lines during the same period the general average of delay due to mails was 13.89 per cent. thifd time, and passed.. The general condition is that the postal service at the present time Is On motion of Mr. MoNTAGUE, a motion to reconsider the vote very materially below the standards of speed and regularity which pre­ by which the bill was passed was laid on the table. vailed prior to 1916, in which yea1· the present conditions of inefficiency fir t began to prevail. LEA"i1E OF ABSE.'!'\'CE. · In the following pages the prevalence and extent of the delays are stated in detail ; and some of the causes which have produced the condi­ 1\Ir. RUBEY. 1\Ir. Speaker, yesterday my colleague, 1\Ir. Rus­ tions are shown. sELL, was granted two days' leave of absence on account of ill­ CHRISTMAS MAIL TO SOLDIERS. ness. He has been compelled to go to the hospital, and I ask 1\Ir. GARNER. 1\Ir. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to ex­ unanimous consent that he be granted indefinite-leave of absence. tend my remarks in the RECORD by inserting therein a letter The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Missouri asks unani­ written by the Second Assistant Postmaster General with refer- mous consent that his colleague, Mr. RussELL, may be granted ence to the Christmas mail in Fmnce. . indefinite leave of absence on account of illness. Is there ob­ The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Texas asks unanimous jection? consent to extend his remarks in the RECORD in the manner indi­ There was no objection. cate(]. Is there- objection? CLERK TO SPECIAL CO:llMITTEE ON WATER POWE.R. There was no objection. The letter referred to is as follows: 1\Ir. PARK. Mr. Speaker, I call up a privileged resolution from the Committee on Accounts, which I send to the·desk and Editor of the Post: In special correspondence by Will G. MacRae, from France. the statement is matle that Christmas mail for soldiers was ask to have read. being delivered as late as 1\lay 21. Mr. MacRae confuses the Christ­ The Clerk read as follows : mas freight and expre e boxes handled by the Army with the Christmas House resolution· 3G5 (ll. Rept. No. 664). mail which went by parcel post, comprising 94 carloads, being packages of 7 pounds or less in weight. Resolved, That the Special Committee on Water Power be allowed a The last of 90 of those carloads wl.'rc deliverecl not later than the clerk at the rate of $2.500 per year, to be paid out of the contingent morning of December 25 to the mail orderlies of the several units in the fund of the House until otherwise provided by law. citieR and neaL' the trenche . Four carloads which wl.'re on a transport ~Ir. STAFFORD. Mr. Speaker, I reserve u point of order on wbic>h bad bef'n delayed by a storm were d ~ li"rcred to the mail orderlies on December 27. · the resolution as to whether it is pri>ileged. - . I 7950 ·OONGRESSIO_J1\_L n.EOORD-- HOUS~. JU},~ 18,

T11e SPEAKER. The Chair would suggest that the . g~ntle- : compelling common ca.rriers en ("raged in ·interstate commerce to ruan make his point of orf the ing as its clerk, and the only clerk it 'has had, ev-e.r since the Iilitary Academy i'or the fiscal yea.r ending June 30, J.919, and for othel' committee :was appointed. pur.voses. The committee is about 'ready to report- the IDO t comp.re­ Mr. D~""T. Mr. Speaker, I ask that the statement be rend in hen ive and important water-powet· bill that bas e-ver been re­ 'lieu of the report. ported to the House, emb1·actng jurisdiction as to the public The SPE.A.KNR. Is there objection? [After a. pause.] The lands held in the f:e se~sions of tbe committee, I The committee of conference cui the .disagreeing votes of the tllet· fore J:le is mo t familiar ,y.i:th the .,york ·mul the most eom- two Rouses on the mnendments of .the Senate to the bfll (H. R. .petent man to pe:rform further· .services of .-clerk that can i[>O~ 111 5) making npproprlations for tbe su:vport of the Military sibly 'be obtained; he is nlmoEt a neces ity, because as so011 a · 1 Academy for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1919, and for other the bm passes the House it has got to go into conference, purpo · e~ having met, after full ind free conference have becnu. e it will be a Senate· bill amended. I do not h-now how agxee

ST.ATE:UENT. Mr. KAHN. Twenty-four years. The managers orr the· part of the House u..t the conference on Mr. DENT. Twenty-four years, the gentleman f.rorn Cali- . tlie disagreeing votes of th.e t\ Houses on the amendments of fornia reminds. me· · the Senate to the but (H. R. 11185) maldng appropriations for ; It si..qJ.ply provides that upon his request he may be retired the support- of· the l\lilitary Academy for the fiscal year ending 1 with the retired pay of a_paY, clerk, which will be about $140 a month. .T1llle 3Q, 191~, and for other purposes; submit tlte following written statement e.xpla.ining the effect of the action agreed on:- And another item of legislation in the bill, arul the only other The Senate reeeded' from its amendments Nos. 1 and 2. ' one, is tile: provision: authori..z.i.ng the offi~ers of the .A.rruy ·and The House receded from amendments. Nos. 3 to fl7, inclusive, 'Navy to purchase uniforms-of the-Government. except Nos. 6, 93, and 94. A.:nendments- 3 to- 97 provide for the Mr. HASTINGS. Will the gentleman please explain to the use of a colon a.t the end of the variOU$ items instead of a period: Ho-use what objection tlie House conferees had to tllis provi­ . sion. ?· It ·occurs. to me like a. good proviSion. ~he Senate receded from its amendment No. 6, which provided for. an increase in the pay of cadets from. $600 to $78(} per annum. · 1\lr. DENT. I wiU state. to tl1e gentleman that the-House con­ The House receded on No. 93. This takes care of the case of ferees. did not think it had• any place upon the 1\lilita1.-y. Academy Mr. John T. Godfrey, order- and purchasing clerk in tn.e Quar­ appropriation bill. If it has any place at all, it' ouo-ht to go on! termaster's office, who has been in the military service oveJ:" 50 1 the regular Army appropriation. bill, in the first place, and,, inJ yenrs. ·the next place, the House conferees thought this should be. a The Senate receded on Nos. 94, 98, 99, 100, 10!, 103, 104, 105, !matter of regulation by the War Department rather than a mat- 106, 107, 108, 109, and 110. On No. 102 the House receded. On 1 ter of strict taw, because under the law the War Department No. ill the House receded with an amendment. . On No. 1.12 the I must furnish uniforms to the enlisted men, and we might. find 1 ourselves in the same condition we were last year when. we House receded, with an amendment On No-. 11~ the Rouse re· cedell. with an· amendment. The House receded on. amendm_ents. 1 began to-organize and increase the Aimy-, when. it was abso­ Nos. 114 and 115. llutely impossible· to fm•nish an. officer- with a uniform. The The House receded on amendmen.ts- Nos. 116,_ 117, and 118,. House conferees further insisted that· this be stricken out, be-, authorizing additional construction to the amount of $120,000-. : cause we were informed by the Quurtermaster Department that· The House· receded on Nos. 119 and 120. The: Senate receded: since the clothing item had gotten i:n s.ha..pe so that they conlc1. on Nos. 121 and 123_ On No. 122 the, Huuse receded with an, supply the officers a regulation haci been: adopted to. that effect 1 and. was now in force. amelldment. . . . . 1 Mr. HASTINGS. If the gentleman will yield fui·ther, I under- The S~te re.eeded f:rom. its- amendment No. 124. pre:v~dmg stood: that some regulation of that kind had b.een adopted; but that all um;forms, etc., r~mred for any officer- of the military when I. sent down folL a copy of it the answer I: got was rather ~J: naval fo~:ces of the Uruted Sta~es should be. f~~nished and I vague. With the permission of the -House I will insert it lB uetl !o su.c_!\ officers by t~e Gover~ent at cost pnce. tn the REcoRD. I _did not know this matter- was coming up, and On No. 12b the House. Ieeeded w1.th an amendment. Qu No. I did not have-it in my pocket It is over in my office. I hanBy· 126 the House receded '\nth au umenJ1i.ses now the ees would get tile benefit of the pending Iegisla.tiou. ill£rea:;;in,~ · making of these uniforms. Now, if they were not making the paY. of an employees of the Government. There were three attractive profits, of course, every one of them would not be items of legislation in. the bill: First, increastng the pay of engaged in that class of: business; an

The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Oklahoma a ks unani­ li bed until the German military powet· that forced the world mou consent to extend his remarks in the HEconn in the man­ into this war has been broken ane to the sale of uniforms and equipment to officers, but I inclose a statement n;tade by Col. Ilardeman that those statements represent my present views. The mil· showing the present status of the regulations concerning such sales. lionaire owner of these newspapers, Mr. ,V, H. Cowles, and his We also contemplate carrying a stock of cloth at all of our depots editors have known better for many months. They knew those· of a grade that will be suitable for most officers, · so that they may purchase this cloth, if desired, and have it made _into uniforms, and statements did not represent my views at all They knew it are also investigating the possibilities of making arrangements in the from public speeches I made in Spokane last December and from larger cities with the clothing-manufacturing houses to manufacture printed statements I have sent them at different times, none of at a reasonable cost uniforms for officers. truly, yours, which they would print, becau e if printed those statements GEO. w. GOETHALS, would lm Ye disproved their own charges against me. Acting Quartermaster Gcnc1·al. KAISER COWLES. APRIL 11, 1918. Mr. Cowles is a journalistic kaiser. He maintains a publicity Memorandum to Mr. De ·FleW: General Order No. 22. March 2, 1918, paragraph 11. reads as follows : autocracy in that part of the country such as is to be found in " 1. Orders heretofore restricting the sales of clothing and equipage few other parts of the United States. I say he is a journalistic to officers are hereby rescinded, except as to sales of woolen coats and kaiser, because having a monopoly on the Associated Press breeches. " 2. l:iales will be permitted only when articles arc available and not news for Spokane and the surrounding country he and his needetl for immediate issue to enllsted men. These sales shall not editors follow the same practices as the German Kaiser in the exceed the amount of equipment C." matters of publicity. They apply the Kaiser's methods espe­ · The following letter was sent by the .Acting Quartermaster General to all depot, camp, and department quartermasters under date of March cially in handling publicity about a man whom they have 22, 1918: . determined to drive out of public life. The Kaiser suppresses "1. Referring to the advance copy of War Deparbnent General Or­ whatever truth he does not want his people to know and twists ders furnished you undE-r date of February 21, 1918, removing the re­ strictions on sales of 'clothing and equipage to officers of the .Army, and misrepresents news to his purpose. Sometimes he invents except woolen coats and breeches, you are authorized .to sell wo.olen baseless lies and then exaggerates his own lies to con\ince his coat~> and breeches to officers ordered overseas whenever these articles people of the justness of his position. Mr. Cowles and his are a yailaiJle." (Signed) L. HARDEMAN, editors, through the Review and Chronicle, have done exactly Lieutenant Colonel, Quartern~astcr Corps, National Annv. the same thing in their campaign to convince the people of Spokane and the surrounding country that I nm unpatriotic :Mr. CAN~ON. Mr. Speaker, I know of several officers in the Army, some of them from civil life and some of them graduating and that I am opposing the prosecution of the war. As a result, from the academies at ·west Point and Annapolis, poor boys, in the ayalanche of abuse and misrepresentation with which they some instances ha\ing dependents, that have incurred obligations have tried to cover me equals in intensity and efficiency eyen for uniforms, connected with other expenses, that will embarrass Prnssian militarism itself. them for years. And I hope that either by regulation or law this MISJUDGES PEOPLE, Go\ernment will save them from the profiteering that is forced · With no daily new papers in eastern 'Vashlngton to tell the upon them. We hear much of profiteering in these days, and the whole truth, and with me giving my entire attention to my worst of all profiteering is taking a fellow that has not anything duties in Congress regardless of what they might say about me, and who is ser\ing his country under a commission and saddling l\Ir. Cowles and his editors have thought they could print as him up with a yery serious debt that will take him a long time mru:iy lies about me as they desired without discovery and thus to get rid of. build up s:.1ch a strong public opinion on a basis of patriotism Mr. DENT. Now, Mr. Speaker, I move the adoption of the that I 'vould be unable to overcome it during the short period conference report. of a campaign, especially with them in complete control of the The SPE~t\KER. The question is on agreeing to the conference sources of daily intelligence. But they are mistaken. The peo­ report. ple are not fools. The people are fair. They will want to hear The conference report was agreed to. both sides of the charges made by these newspapers. They On motion of Mr. DEKT, a motion to reconsider the \Ote by want to knowi the whole truth and, once they are fully informed, which the conference report was agreed to was laid on the table. they will net at the polls without regard for the desires of Mr. QUESTION OF PERSO~ AL PRIVILEGE. Cowles or anybody else. I propose to see to it that they know the truth about the statements and charges Mr. Cowles and his l\Ir. DILL. l\Ir. Speaker-- editors haYe made against me. · The SPEAKER. For what purpose does the gentleman from '"V' ashington rise? PROUD OF OPPOSITION-RAVE KEPT FAITH. Mr. DILL. I rise to a question of personal privilege. These newspapers haYe always opposed me politically and I The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. hope they always will. If they should ever support me, I don't Mr. DILL. The newspapers of my home city of Spokane, par­ know how I could ever explain their support to the common ticularly the Spokesman-Review and the Clu·onicle, have in the people who haye twice defied them and elected me to Congress past three months been charging me with opposing the prosecu­ by overwhelming majorities. The fact that the longer I have tion of the war and being unpatriotic and un-American. On remained in public life the more bitter they have become against April 22, 1918, the Review charges me with being willing to be­ me is in itself one of the best possible proofs that I have kept tray the.boys in the trenches by being willing to agree to a prema­ faith with those who sent me here and that Mr. Cowles knows ture peace. During March and April of this year they made the I will continue to do so if I am returned. charge that I am opposed to the prosecution of the war. I know I have made mistakes in Congress, but they have been The SPEAKER. The gentleman is recognized. honest mistakes. I am thankful I have always had the courage l\Ir. DILL. 1\lr. Speaker, when the resolution declaring a to do what I thought was right, regardless of consequences to state of war to exist betw~en the United States and Germany my own political future. I am glad that when I have afterwards was before this House, I stated in a speech on this floor that learne

upporting some attack they propose to make. Now, let me men­ Eighty per cent of incomes from $100,000 to $500,000. tion some of these currilous misrepre entations and malicious Ninety per aent of the amount by -which any income exc-eecls falsehooos. $500,000. IT~ C.tSES OF :MISREPRESE"!\TATIO~S A~D FALSEHOODS BY DEVIEW .A:\"D These rates to be levied in audition to the 4 pee cent -normal OHRO~ICLE . tax already provided for by law; but even -the 94 per cent rate No. 1. During .!\lurch and April, 1918, while the big German would apply only to thri.t part of tlle income above $500,000~ drive was on in France and tlle people were intensely anxious He proposed also to take 80 per cent of all exces~ profits result­ over its outcome and naturally intolerant of anyone who was ing from the war, just as is done in England. A third section not helping in the prosecution of the war in eTery possible way, of the bill pro-vides for a tax of ·s per cent on fortunes in excess the Review repeatedly charged that Congressman DILL had ·been of $1,000,000 and of 5 per cent on fortunes of more than lj)3,000,- opposing the prosecution of the w:n· and was still against its 000. It also provides for a tax on large areas of unused farm Yigorous prosecution. lands held for purposes of speculation. The truth: Since the ueclaration· of -wa.r Congress has passed This is the kind of legislation that 1\Ir. Cowles dislikes most 110 war measures and Congressman DILL lms favored and of all, because it would reach .Jlim per. onally by taking more f,mpported 109 of thee meamues. He has been in Washington of his wealth with which to pay the expenses of the war. It constantly during both war sessions of Congress and has done is because Congressman DILL favors such legislation SO strongly everything possible to help in winning the war. He has made that 1\.lr. Cowle-s is willing to stoop to the low levels of un­ more than 80 public addresses in Tarious parts of the country founded char.ges and libelous misrepresentation to destroy pub­ regarding conditions in France and at the battle front as he lic confidence in Mr. DILL. He knows that in the great read­ had seen them, to arouse enthusiasm for the prosecution of the justment which will come following the war 1\Ir. DILL will :be war to complete victory. Sometimes he has spoken in the in­ .against 1\I.r. Cowles and ·his kind and the legislatioa they will terest of the sale of liberty bonds and war-savings stamps, desire, so naturally lb.e wishes to destroy him now. ometimes for the Red Cross, sometimes to the soldiers in the · No. 5. On April 19, 1917, the ·Chronicle, which might well be camps, but ahvays he has tried to strengthen the morale of the called an afternoon -edition of the Review, stated th:;tt ·congress­ people in hls audiences by urging them to forget a11 past dif­ man DILL ·had :placed in the 'CoNGRESSIONAL RECORD a telegram ferences untn we had won the war. In fact, during some of the from George -w. Holman against ·the draft bill then being con­ klentical nights the Revi~w was printing these editorials be sidered. On May 11, 1917, when Holman was declared insane, was in .small tow"'ls or .Army camps near Washington speaking the Chronicle -reprinted this statement and ridiculed Congress­ in behalf of the various war activities, and the editors of these man DILL for ha\i.ng approved a crazy man's statement. Later ne·wspapers knew of his activities in these ways by newspaper the weekly country press surrounding Spokane, upposing the clipping"' sent them describing the meetings he addressed, but Chronicle's ·stm·y true, reprinted it al o. they refused to e\-en mention them. _ The truth : ·Congressman DILL never placed in the CoxGn.Es­ To. !!. On .April !!2, 1918, the Renew charged Congre sman sroNAL RECORD on that date or at any other time a telegram or DILL with standing "ear cocked at all times for treacherous any other communication from Mr. Holman, so that the Chron­ peace proffers of Germany" instead of fa-vol"ing a continuation icle's statements were absolutely baseless falsehoods, as l!r. of the war to complete victor~·. Cowles and llis editors knew from the pages of tlle Rrco:cn The truth: Congressman DTLL has believed from the time itself. Thi~ lie is so utterly lacking of any foundation wlla.Lo­ war began and bas stated from eTery platform from which he ever that its invention and re11eated use illn trate even more• has spoken on tlle war, that it must go on liDtil the German fully tiuln the other instances mentioned the maliciousness of military power which caused it has beEn overthrown. -1\rr. Cowles Mr. Cowles and his editors in their campaign against l\Ir. DILL. nnu his newspaper editors knew that to be the truth, because of No. 6. On l\Iay ~7, 1_917, the leading editorial of the Chronicle tJ1e addresses ma.de by Mr. DILL in Spokane last winter. He saiu charged Congressman r>rr.L with burdening the Government with then, a.nd has always said, that to end the war before -victory the expense of }lrinting, addressing, and mailing his speeches had bCen attained would be to waste all the ac1·ifices already to his constituents, .and attacked him for thus wa ting money made and would simply postpone the confilct a few years, so during the war. , that the boys and girls of to-clay would be the soldiers and The truth: Congressman DIIL _paiu out of his own pocket the nur es who would ha-ve to fight it all over again. entire expense of printing, addressing, and mailing these No. 3. On .April 22, 1918, the Review in a lengthy edltm·ial speeches. Mr. Cowles and his editors knew then that whenever attack upon Congressman DILL, among other things, said: '' If any Congressman sends out speeches he pays in full all the men of hi:s way of thinking were in control of Congress, they expenses connected with the printing and mailing of them, and . would lo e no time in repealing the selecti-ve-draft law," thus they wrote and printed this editorial for the deliberate purpose chal'ging him w1th a desire to destroy the foundation itself of of prejudicing the people into believing Mr. DILL devoid of any the Military Establishment of the country at a time when we patriotic impulses in connection with this war. had already sent 500,000 boys to France and the Nation was No. 7. On June 13, 1917, the Chronicle printed an elaborately bending eve~y energy to the sending of more men and of muni- written news story to the effect that letters which Congressman --t.i9ns and supplies for those alJ:eady there. DILL_had sent to high-school graduates did not cost him a. cent, The truth: From the hour the draft bill became :P law Con­ and charged that he had added that expense to the Govern. ~re sman DILL bas supported it in e\ery way. He l1as voted ment's expenses regardle s of its trem€nuous war burdens. The for every amendment or modification of the law requested by Wenatchee World reprinted this story the following day. the President for facilitating its execution. Just recently he The truth: Congressman DILL bought special stationery, yoteu for the bill to include in the draft the young men who hired a stenographer in addition to hls secretary to write the had become 21 ince Jtme 5, 1917. He voted .also for the bill letters, and stamped each letter, so that instead of not co ting giving the President power to draft whatever number .of men him a cent, these letters did not cost the Government a cent. he may need to win the war. Mr. Cowles and his editors knew They really added to the profits of the Post Office Department, these facts when they made that charge, so that in reality it since there is a profit on the handling of all first-class mail, so was a. deliberate and malicious falsehood. that this attack is e\en more unfounded and unfair than the No. 4. On April 16, 1918, in ridiculing the re•enue bill intro­ preceding one. tluced by Congressman DILL providing for high taxes on big No. 8. On ·OctolJer 20, 1917, the Re\iew stated that the Presi­ incomes and excess profits, and also a. cn.pital tax on big for­ dent "·as opposed to any Congres men going to Europe to study tunes of more than a million dollars, the Review editorial de­ war conditions, ana attacked Congressman DILL for disregard. clared Congressman DILL proposed to do an impossible :thing, ing the Pr-esident's wishes. namei_y1 take 104 per cent of incomes of more than half a The truth: The President not only did not oppose the trip million dollar , a.nd u. ed. thi-s ridiculo_us propo ition as a,n illus- made by the Congressmen to study war conditions in Europe, . tration of 'l1is attempts to appeal to the prejudices of the poor but told different Members who went lliat he was glad tMy and make them forget the charge that he was unpatriotic. could go, as it woulU enable them to get fir. t-ban,OOO. pleasure at the an11ouncement of their intention to go about Ten per cent of incomes from $15,000 to $2il,OOO. the country to tell the people "·hut they. had learned~ When Twents 11 -r cent of incomes from $25,000 to $50,000. Congressman DILL went home during the holiday r-ecess and Forty JWr cent of inoome. from ~;JO,OOO .to . 'ITJ,OOO. relat-ed his experiences nntl urged the prosecution of the w.ar 'ixty per cent of incorn s from $7G,OOO to .$100,000. to -rictory, witlwut .any mention whate\er of politics, the Re,-iew ' I • CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE. JUKE 18 · I~· 7954 ' and the Chronicle, and those to whom these newspapers gave the Review and Chronicle against me because of a statement publicity, charged him with having made the trip a~d with made by Congressman l\frr.LER of l\Iinnesota. while he was in making the speeches entirely for political effect. Thus they tried Europe, although he and I uid not travel together in Europe at to OYercome whatever goocl these speeches had done by inject­ all. The truth is that the Ueview refused to print the only. ing politics at a time when nobody was thinking or talking public statement I gaYe out regarding the war while in Europe politic...; except as these neilspapers lecl them to do so. as furnished by the Associated Press. It printed the statement No. 9. During the months immediately following the declara­ of all the other Congressmen in the party, but omitted my state­ tion (I f war t11e Review and the Chronicle repeatedly ·charged m~nt, although practically every other big newspaper in the that the speech made by Congres!;man DILL against the declara­ country·which printed the Associated Press report included my tion of war gave aid and comfort to the enemy, and charged statement. In that statement ::r; expressed the highest admira­ that to send that speech to his constituents was near treason. tion for the fighting qualities of the English and French soldiers The truth: Congressman DILL made t11e statements referred and full confidence in final victory over the Huns. Their sup­ to before war was declared, and sent the speech to his district pression 9f that statement is just another instance of how these in explanation of his yote and to assure the people that he newspapers create and foster a false public opinion by not print· woulll support the w.ur. He has never repeated those state­ ing any fact that would conflict with their claim that I am oppos­ ment<; publicly or in letters, and sent out the speech only once, ing the vigorous prosecution of the war. and that immediately after he made it. The Review and the I\0 NEWS GOOD NEWS. Chronicle and the little " Me Too " Press, another Spokane It is often said that no news is bad news, but wh.en applied daily, have reprinted that part of the speech almost every week to these newspapers in their reports about me no news is goo,737. ! .hate the kaiserism of Germany also becau e it is based upon When the question of declaring i\Ur came up for a vote, be­ what I believe to be a wrong theory of government, namely, lieYin g his peace pledge had secured such a big majority in a that the government owns the people. I believe the people di trict so heavily Republican, and being opposed to the own the go\ernment, and nobody in all the Northwest knows ueclaration of war by his own convictions on the question at better than this same millionaire owner of these newspapers tllat time, and haYing in mind also that the Constitution con­ and his editors how strong my convictions are against auto­ fer.· ll pon Congress alone the tremendous power of declaring cratic power of any kind. I am against kaiserism, whether it war he spoke and voted the conYictions he then had. He voted be exercised in a military way by a German war lord over the n()'nin t the draft for reasons he explained fully at that time, hordes of 1lis own people, leading them to o\errun and destroy hut on the passage of the law lie accepted the will. of the the territory of weaker peoples for the purpose ' of extending m ~j o r lt y and has cooperated in every way possible in making . his own autocratic rule, or whether it be exercised in a. publicity it a success. way by a ruthless and unprincipled newspaper owner over Thus Congressman DILL kept his peace pledge to the letter, the people who are necessarily dependent upon his publications and with the one exception noted above he has supported the for prompt intelligence regarding events of their communities Pre ~i tle nt in the entire war program not only by his \otes on and the world. leading them to form wrong conclusions regard­ lE'gislntion but by publicly indorsing his management of the war ing public affairs and public men for the purpose of thereby at every opportunity, while these newspapers have joined in controlling every public man representing the people in high e\ ery attnck made upon 1\Ir. Wilson and his Cabinet, whether positions. bv 1\Ir. Roosevelt or somebody else. It is the habitual custom these days for i\Ir. Cowles and those · It i · customary for a judge in court to instruct the jury that who follow llis leadership to wrap tlle American flag about if they find a witne s has testified falsely regarding one material themsel-res and charge that all who do not follow are not good mattei· they are nt liberty to disregard the testimony of the Americans. I have already sho"\\·n some of the lies the flag i" witnc ~s on any or all other material matters involved in the used to conceal. Before this contest is finished I shall expose casE'. Here are 10 in tances where these newspapers have more and more of their Machievelian practice . I do not.know printed false ancl mi lending statements regarding my actiri­ whether the exposures I have alrt!ady made will cause them to ties i u Congi·es ~· · Wl1y should anybody place any dependence grow more bitter and inYent new lies or whetller they will plac

IIOW THEY '.rRY TO COMMERCIALIZE PATRIOTISM. high public position who stands up always for what he thinks They will continue to prate about their patriotism and accuse is right can withstand the attacks of Mr. Cowles and· hi news­ all who disagree with them as lacking in patriotism. The papers and the forces they represent; I say I would be untrue trouble with .Mr. Cowles and his editors and also with their to all these if I hesitated or shrank from the coming contest. political an

Amendment numbered 18·: That the House recede from its Amendment numbered G3: That the Holise recede from its disagreement· to the amendment· of the Senate numbered 18', <1:1sagreement to the amendment of·the Senate numbered 63, and and a~ee to the same with an amendment· as follows: Insert, agree to the same with an amendment as follows: Sh·ike oht, iu after the word "' employees " in said amendment, the following-: said amendment; "$105,014,110.50·," and in lieu thereof in ert " who render conspicuous service by putting· life in jeopardy ·" $85;014,ll0.50," and add the following proviso : "Pro-,;idcd, to SU\C: life or property,,_; and tlie Senate agree to the- same. That the Secretary of the Navy is authorized to enter into con­ Amendment numbered 20: That' thB- House recede from its tracts or otherwise to inc;nr obliga..tions for the purposes above dio~1greement to the amemlment of the· Senate numbered 20, mentioned not·to exceed $20,000,000 in addition to the appropTia­ and agree to the same with an amendment as follows: Insert, tlon herein and heretofore made.'.- before the words ,... the Pre ident," the· word " and " ; and the In line· 14, page 39, of the act (H. R. 10854) as it pas ed ihe Senate agree to the same.- House April 20, 1918, after the word " Pror:tdecl," in ·ert the Amendrrient' numbered 27: That the House recede from its word " further." disagreement to the amendment of' the Senate numbered 27, And the Senate agree to the same. and agree to the same with an amendment as follows : In-sert~ Amendment numbered 65 : That the House recede from its after the word " accepted " in said amendment, the word " teru­ dlsagreementto the am-endment of- the Serrate nml:bered G5, nncl porary " ; and t.he Senate agree to the same. agree to -the same with an amendment' as follows: Before the Amendment numbered 30: That the Hou e recede from its· dls­ words " 1\Iarch twenty-eighth " insert the words " the act of" ; a-q.reement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 30, and and the Senate agree to the same. agree to the same with an amendment as follows: Insert before Amendment numbered 66: 'l~at the House recede from its dis­ the words " Marine Corps Reserve " the word , .. 01~," and strike agreement- to the amendment or the Senate numbered GG, arul out " or United States Army " ; and the Senate agree to the same. agree to the same with an amendment as follows: Strike out .A.:rneudment numbered 31: Tfiar the House recede from its " $84,289,530 " and insert "$73,289,530," and add the following disagrement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 31, arul proviso: "P'rovided, That-the Secretary of the Navy is author­ agree to the same with amendments a.s follows : Strike out the iz.ed to enter into contracts' or otherwise to incur obligations for word " purchase " in said amendment, and in lieu thereof insert the purposes above mentioned not to exceed $11,000,000 in addi­ the word " acquisition,"· and,. after the worcl "land," in said tion to the appropriations heTein and heretofore made." amendment insert the following..: " upon which such armories In line 19~ page 39- of the act (H: It 10854), as it passed the may be located " ; and th.e Senate agree to the same. House April20, 1918, after the word" Pro'IJ"idcd," in ert the word Amendment numbered 50: That the Hou e recede from its-dis­ "tu1·ther." agreement to the amendment of the Senate numbered 50, and And the Senate ngree to the same. agree to the same with an amendment as follows :.Strike out all Amendment numbered 6 : That the House recede from it dis· of said amendment and insert in lieu thereof the following: agreement to the amendment or the Senate numbered 68, and " Tlin t hereafter, during the· existence of war or of \\ national agree to the same with an amendment' as follows : Befor the emergency declared by the President to exist, any commissioned words " l\1arch 28 " insert- the words " the act of "; and the Sen­ or warrant officer of the Nary, Marine Corps, or Coast Guard ate agTee to the same. . of the United States on th.e retired list may, in the discretion Amendment numbered 69 : Tha.t the House recede from it di - of the Secretary of the Navy, he ordered to active duty at sea agreement to the amendment o:t. the Senate !lumbered G9, and or on shore; ahd. any retired officer·performing.. uch active duty agree to the same with an amendment as follows: Strike out in time of war or national emergency, declared a:s aforesaid, "$11,000,000 ,.and insert in lieu thereof·" $10,000,000"; and the shall be entitled to promotion on the retired list to the grade or Senate agree to the same. rank, not above that of lieutenant commander in the Navy or Amendment numbered 72.: That the House recede from its dis­ major in the Marine Corps or captain in. the Coast Guard. and agreement to the amendment of.. the Senate numbered 72r and shall thereafter receive the pay and. allowances- thereof, which agree to the same with an ru:nendment as follows: Before the his total active service as an officer both prior and subsequent words " 1\furcli 28 " insert the words " the act of " ; and the to retirement, in the manner rendered by llii:n, would.. have Senate agree to the.snme. enabled hlm· to attain in due course of promotion had.such serv­ Amendment numbered 74: That the Rouse recede from its di ·­ ice been r~dered continuously oa the acti-re list- during the agreement to the> amendment of' the· Senate numbered 74, aml period of time last. past. . agree to the same with ·an amendment as follows-: In line 3 of " That during the- existence of w.ar or of: a; national emer­ said amendment, after the word " selected," insert tile word gency, decl..·lred a aforesaid, any commissioned ar warrant· officer " and acquired " ; and the Senate agree to the same. of the Nn.vy, Marine Corps, or Coast Gu:ard.of th-e· United States Amendment rrumbered 77: That the House recede from it<:> on the retired list, while on active duty, may be- temporarily disagreement to· the amendment of the Senate numbered 77, antl advance relief from active> duty, or in any. case not later than six automobiles at a greater cost than $500 each and 15 at a gJ.'eater months afteri:he termination of ilie waror·o:tthe national emer­ cost than $2,000 each: And pr01;ided [1trther, That the Secretary gency, decla:recl as_ aforesaid, revert ta the grade or ran:k.:on the of the Navy is authorized to distribute the hi'"'h-powered· auto­ retired list aml to the pay and. a:llownnce status-which he would mobiles now owned and. in use in the United States allll its in­ have held had he n:ot been so tempor1l.l'ily advanced: Provided sular, possessions to such places and. service as they may be re­ f1.trther; That•nothing in this act shall operate to reduce· the pay quired" ; and the: Senate agree to the snme. and allowances no'i allowed by l:lw to retired officer ." Amendment numbered 86: That the House recede from its And the Senate agree to the same. disagreement-to the amendment of the Senate numbered 86,. and Amendment numbered 51: That the ffouse: recede from its agree to the same with an amendment as follows: Strike ont disagreemen.t·to the amendment of the Senate !lumbered 51, alld "$2,500,000," and in lieu thereof insert: "· $1,000,000 : P ro-,;idcd, agree ·to th~ same with a:n amendment. as follows: In: line 12 :of That the· Secretary of the Na:vy is-autllorized to enter into -con­ said amendment, after the· words ·~specifically designated," in­ trncts.or otherwise to incur obligations- for this purpose not to sert the following: " during war:·or national emergency declared exceed: $1,.500,000 in addition to the appropl'i, tion herein by the President " and the Senate agree to the same. made" ; and the Senate .agree to the same. Amenu.ment numbered 54: That the House recede from· its Amendment numbered 87: That the Hou e rece

Amendment numbered 111: That the House recede from its On ament the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the bill (H. R. given temporary appointments as on that date because of age J0854) making appropriations for the na\al service for the restrictions or ill health. At that time there was an age restric­ fi cal year ending June 30, 1919, and for other purposes, submit tion of 50 years, which Congress has since removed. 1he following written statement in explanation of the effect of On amendment No. 44: Eliminates candidates for assistant the action agreed upon and submitted by the accompanying surgeon from the age limit of 50 years for temporary service report on the amendments of the Senate, namely: in the Navy. The need for surgeons in the Navy is yery great. Of the Senate amendments agreed to by the managers on the On amendments Nos. 46 and 147 : Are considered together part of the House, the following are merely changes of totals, and change the status of clerks for assistant paymasters in to wit, 16, 82, 84, 87, 89, D6, 107, 124, 132, 136, 142, 144, 145, the Marine Corps from a civilian to a military status, but do 150, 151, 156, and 159. not inYolYe any increase in number or compensation. Places Of the amendments of the Senate agreed to by the managers these clerks on a basis similar to the Navy, which has worked on the part of the House, the following involve changes o.f well. language, grammar, correction of typographical errors, et~., and · On amendment No. 50: As amended by the conferees, pro­ do not involve any material change of the substance of the vides for promotion to officers of the Navy, Marine Corps, and hill, to wit, 1, 2, 3, 9, 12, 14, 15, 20, 21, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, Coast Guard on the retired list doing acti\e duty, and was 40, 45,48,49, 55, 56, 61,118,158,160,161,162,163,164, and 165. belie\ed by the conferees to provide a more_ just provision for The following Senate amendments are reported in disagree­ their promotion than the amendment as passed by the Senate. ment, many of them having been specially reserved for a sepa­ 1\lak:es the legislation more nearly like the legislation for the rate vote in the House at the time the bill was sent to confer­ Army. . ence, to wit, 4, 5, 23, 33, 34, 35, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 47, 52, 53, On amendment No. 51: Provides for a suspension of the re­ 'iJ, g3, 100, 101, 102, 112, 125, 120, and 170. quirements for sea service in grade of officers specially desig­ 011 amendment No. G: Is made necessary because the charter nated during the period of the war or national emergency by of the city of New York requires when the city leases property the Secretary of the Nav.y as performing highly important to require the improvements placed upon the lea ed property to duties on shore and whose services on shore could not be dis­ become the property of the city at the termination of the lease pen ed with without serious prejudice to the successful prose­ and it is absolutely necessary for the Government to have and cution of the war. This exemption from sea service is limited u e leased water fronts in the city of New York. to officers designated during the war a_nd provides a period of On amendment No. 7: Authorizes the Secretary of the Navy two and one-half years after the ending of the war in which to collect reasonable compensation for salvage service. The such officers may make good their sea service. Government has taken over and is operating under the Navy On amendment No. 54: As amended by the conferees makes the the large bulk of the salvage ~ervice in this country and much provisions of existing law with reference to promotion by selec­ abt·oatl tion in the line of the Navy applicable to the selection of com­ On amendment No. 8: Makes provision for the payment out mander, captain, and rear admiral in the Staff Corps of the of the contingent fund for the maintenance of the officers of the Navy adapted to the conditions of the Staff Corps. Navy serving under unusual conditions outside of the United On amendments Nos. 57 and 58: Make the provisions of the States and its insular po sessions. House bill apply to the Navy as well as to the Marine Corps. On amendment No. 10: Increases tile appropriation for avia­ On amendments Nos. 59 and 60: Make the provisions for pay­ tion about $32,000,000. This is neces itated because of the ment in cases of the requisition of property ~St-b of the of the operation of naval aircraft, and is similar to the Iegis­ Navy, torpedoes, and reserve ordnance supplies made llf'('Pssary lati~n relating to the operations of the Army and Navy~ by the activities of the war. These arncuuments as a;;r~ed to li7958. CONGRESS! ON AL R.ECORD-HOUSE. JUNE 18 ·------~~------~----~------, by the conferees reduce tile app1·opriation by 32,000 000, but On amendment No. 98: Provides for tlle enlargement of the ·pro\ ide for authorizations in lieu of appropriations for 31.,000,- power pl.ant at the navy yard, Pnget Sound, purcha e of a.ddi- . 000. it being nece sary to have authorization to begin the manu­ tional land .adjoining the navy J'ard, and for grading, filling, facture and production of this ordnance store material, ·equip­ and sea "\\all construction. We ha\e but two navy yards on ment, etc., but the actual appro_priation of the .,31,000,000 will the Pacific coast, one at Mare Island :and the other at Puget ·not be needed until the next session of Congre s. Sound; both of them have very greatly -enlarged their activities On amendment No. 69: As agreed to by the conferees increases and output of production and are doing fine work. The ground the appropriation for torpedoes and appliances from $1,000,000 at Puget Sound Navy Yard are cramped, and this additionall.arul to $10,000,000 instead of $11,000,000 as passed by the Senate. is nee.ded for the proper expansion of the activities of the yard. . This is made necessary by recent expansion of the manufacture On amendments Nos. 105, 106, and 108: Relate to the enlarge­ · pf torpedoes and the increased cost of labor and materials. ment and improvement of the nava1 training station, Newport, On amendments Nos. 63, 66, and 70: Are necessary because of .:n. I. Thi is one of the principal traio.ing stations on the the authorizations in the act of March 28, 1918, and the larger Atlantic where many thousands of young men are annually 1 number of ships and \essels and acti\ities of the Navy. trn.ined for the :naval service. This additional land is needed On amendment No. 73: Contingent, Bureau of Ordnance. This for the proper and necessary activities of the -station, and the increase is made necessary by the increased actinties of the · pm~se price is believed to be very rea.sonable. Navy. .On· amendment No. 109: Provides for .a marine railway, na\al On amendment No. 74: As amended by the conferees pro"\ides fuel depot, San Diego, Cal. This is needed for the proper : for the erection and equipment of a depot for the sto1·age of docking and repairing of naval vessels and other vessels on the :high explosi\es and the loading of mines on a site to be selected southern portion of the Pacific coast. There are no docks avail­ .and acquired by the .President.· The Navy Department is manu- able for that purpose in that vicinity. 1facturing mines and high explosives very rapidly for use in for- On amendment No. 110: Increases the appropriation for the naval o_perating base, Hampton Roads, Va., by :$500,000. This is 1 eign waters and it is necessary to provide a safe place for theil· storage. for the purpose of constructing an additional pier. This is the principal operating base u_pon the Atlantic coast, and it is nec­ On amendment No. 76: Increases the appropriation for main­ essary to have the base fitted out as soon as possible. tenance, Bureau of Yards and Docks, from $7,000,000 to $10,500,­ On amendment No. l11: As agreed to by the conferees in­ ( 000; and this is made necessary by the tremendous increase in creases the appropriation .for repairs and preservations at na"\y the ternpor

On amendment No. 157: P1·ovides -an appropriation of $1.6,- then tbere will rbe an h(}'UI' on each one of the 'Others ns they G77 .200 for the purpo. e of :Pl'OC1ll'i:ng a reserve stock of elat:lliag; come up. arms, and equipment, and other necessru.'Y m:il.itary 'Supplies' for .Mr. BRITTEN. .Is it tihe intentirul of the chn.il·:nllln of tt'le the 1\larine Corps. For several years past the Marine .Cor;ps committee then to take his full hour on the amendments that has been .accumulating· a reserre supply, but the increases in · have been ngreed to :and then take one hour . for each of the tbe corps and the necessities ()f war have consumed this reserve :snceeeding amencbnents, if neces ary? stock, and it is necessary to make provision for a "l'eServe supply. Mr. PADGETT. The chairman will not do it unles. · he is On amendments Nos. 166, 167, 16£, .and 169-: Relate to im- driven to it. .He hopes to -expedit-e the matter nnd get the eon­ proving and equipping navy yards for illnstructian o-f ships, .terence report ont of the way. and to meet urgent needs of .navy yards, ~taii'()ns, and bases, Mr. STAFFORD- Mr. Speaker, I thlnk the fl'to:res, new batteries for snips, and stor- pure ase -<> land. It might be interesting to the House far age .of ordnance supplies made :necessary the chairman of the committee to reflect the policy o{ the de- by the activities of the war and the en- partment and the conferees toward the purcha e af additional larged operations of the Navy amount to_ $102• 103• {)7l land when l~ased on reasonable rental lLu.riruT the perlod of the ln addition to the a:bove appropria- ~ 1iom, i1le amenaments 11.s agr.E>ed to by war .nnd even :afterwards. the conferees.aut.JH>rize co.n.trac.ts fD1· ad- Mr. PADGETT~ Wlth reference to Quanti{!.Q-- ditlonal ordnance stores. equlpment, etc., Mr. STAFFORD. 'That was •only an -example. There are of 31,000,000. th -~~.,..... The aggregate increase of appropriations many ·o er u=Lances. by the Senate amendments as agreed to Mr. PADGETT. Not lllS.ny others in the eonference report. JJy the conferees for" Public works." u:n- 11-t"- crmAFFO I rter the Burea-u of Yarcls and Docks, for .a..u.. ~J.. ltD~ Take, fs anc1 Accou!lt. ------• Commutation of qua:rteril, ooo, necessary that we should have, ev-en for the "nAl'.lllanents.~· estab- Marine Corps------400, ooo lishment when the war closes, this training ba.. e for thi nd- hlarlnt! school, .State of va:nced tra1ning. We ,ll:u:ve two; .one u.t Paris Isl nd, or Part 25 000 ChilWnsbln!!ton______cstiwllshm{'n.t, .val • Royal as it is called at times, wbere they -take their :first traiui~ "..., A('aclemy ------10, u'iS in rmaneUTeting and drilling ru1d things .uf that 'kind. But at itil fo1·cc, 1arine Co:rps___ 400 Quantico it is an entirely different form of training and drilling. 3 328 oa, -s:> , · It is very necessru·y that the Go'Ve"rmnent should have it. A Grand total------.$170, 8~1, mro number of members af the Ta~al Committee went down and .Reduction of app-ro1Jriatlons by ..authorixa- went .over the land personally. To be entirely frank with the tiona______~· ~~· ggg House and with the gentleman, it occurred to us that perhaps Reduction or oppro-priaLions ______•__ a_, _ 34,·&--:1,.000 the price may be a little Wgh, but this does not fix the price. .A-ppropriation Tcma.ini:n+; in di~agreC"moot---.----- 1-a, ooo, 000 The President is to commandeer or to con-demn ·the property L. P. P.ADGE'.rT, under the standardized provision that has been .a.dopted a number a-. FRED. C. TALD.OT:r, · of times. He has a valu~ !fixed upon i.~ and if the parties accept D. J. RIORDAN, dt, tbat determines. But the pnoperty is taken over, the title THoMAs S. RuTI.ER., and all, and the only question that remains is the ·valne. If WM. J. BROWNING, the party is not satisfied, hce is paid 75 per cent of the a.sse ed J!mWfJCTS on t1w pa•rt of tll...e House. v.alue, :as iletermin-ed -by the .President. and he is gi-ren the iignt to go into .court to .sne !for Jthe balance. That ha:s been agr-ee.d The SPEAKER. The gentleman fl'Om Tennessee ls recog- t() a number .of -times in diff-erent legi.A.ation of the Cong:r,ess, ni~erl for au hom·. ·both in this Congress and iin 11-previous Congress. ~lr. p ADGETT. Mr. Speaker, in p1·esenting the conference .Mr. STAFFORD. Has the g.entleman Ja:nY info~:mation a-s to report -and the statement on it. I wish to say that we went .into · the location of the addiii-ofiftllnnd at the Bremerton Yard, Puget l1etail so as to give the House the benefit of an ~11tion '6f .Soll:Ild? each one of the amenU:ment as agreed to and the result of Mr. PADGETT. Yes. the amendments as agreed to by the eonferees. If t4ere .:n·e 1\Ir, STAFFORD. That is the ne1-vest navy yard on the

pression of a yard in a cramped condition. Down near the ma­ service. The yard is very much crampeu, and we arc purchas­ rine hospital there was a large portion of unused land, but that ing this adClltional land because it is-uecued not only now but was separated entirely from the main operating plant of the will be useful and needed in the proper execution of the work yaru. of the yard afte1' the war is owr. Mr. · PADGETT. The gentleman's impressions are entirely Mr. STAFFORD. Why did not the department anu the com­ correct. 'Ihis yard was acquired a number of years ago. Gen­ mittee postpone the purclmse when they had the land under tlemen will bear in mind that we have only two yards upon the very reasonable terms of rental? Pacific coast, one at Bremerton, out from Seattle, Wash., and 1\Ir. P ADGE'l'T. The reason \Ye diu not vostpone the pur­ the other at Mare Island, about 28 miles from San Francisco. chase of this land is because it is needed. They !JaYc been .The Bremerton yard is very much cramped, as the gentleman attempting to sell this land to the department for quite a " -ltile. ·has saissJon of the United States: Pt·ot,ided further. That in anv such agreed to in the conference report. suit the United States may avail it-self of any and all

certain compen ation from the use of their patent, or such I wanted to say that oul' committee has been consiUering this

Department. It arose in· the Senate, as the result, perhaps, of a ment, without a report from the committee that has charge of lobby on the part of the National Dental ..Association. I am this matter that had-never considered it; and that is the rea on well aware that it is the practice for outsiders to use · their why, and I believe the House is agreed, that we should not at intlnence to seek increttse in rank and pay of officers, ·and that this ·time seek·to raise salaries of officers connected wi tll the i · all thi · Senate amendment does. It does not in any way in- Navy. crea e the number of dental surgeons that are needed in the Mr. LINTIDCffii. 'Vill the gentleman ~- iehl? service because it merely provides one for eyery thousand, but Mr. STAFFORD. I do. l:;eeks t~ increase the pay and rank of all in the ser-dce. That Mr. LINTIDCUM. I wanted to ask the gentleman if this is something, I contend, we should guard against in these amendment is adopted, how the comparatiYe rank and pny of timR wll.en we need the money for other purposes. · It is the these men compare with similar men in the Army? tendency · now in eYery quarter for officers, wherever they can 1\!r. STAFFORD. I can not give the gentleman the· i o fot·m~t ­ do so, to endeavor to increase their pay. We have indirectly tion. I did not have the time to examine it. The gentleman will increased the pay of these dental officers by providing commu- recall the last day of the last Congress I ro ·e in opposition to tation of quarters, and yet they come in here and in a wholesale an amendment which was placed on in the Senate proyldin~ fashion wi h to get an increase of Pfl;Y and rank by reason of for an increase of pay of the Dental Corps, and on a motion to war condition, not to continue merely during the ·war, but for suspend the rules there was decided oppo ition to the motion. all time. At the solicitation of the gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. BHER- . The gentleman from Alabama [1\lr. OLIYER] is well within~ LEY], who wanted to bring up a very pres ·ing mntter, I tlid right· and within the rights of the House when he says thiS not demand a roll call, and I tl1lnk if I had the mntter mi~llt mutter should be considered by. the Committee on Naval Affairs have been defeated. before being considered as an amendment to this bill. Dut there is too much tendency now oil thf' pnrl of the Nnn Mr. U.OBBINS. 'Vas this ever before the whole Committee on to endeavor to parallel eYet·y increase that i : found -!n i It(• Naval Affairs or was it just before the conferees? Army. It merely means an increase of the p11y of the nt:ll .1\Ir. STAFFORD. The gentleman is absolutely correct. The surgeons now in the Navy, and I do not think t ltnt JW:l.l't it'l' O'entleman heard the statement of one of the active men on the should be approved of and I do not think thl · House i · in f:lYOt' Committee on Naval Affairs, the gentlemim from Alabama [1\fr. of that policy. · OLIVER), in which lle says this matte! has neyer been considered Mr. McKEOWN. wm the gentleman ylehl? bv the full Committee on Naval Affmrs. Mr. STAFFORD. I do. ·Mr. GOOD. Will the gentleman yield? l\lr. McKEOWN. I wanted to a ·k whether or uot there i.' :lll\' Mr. STAFFORD. I will. · disposition on the part of the Navy, as there !':ef'tn.' to be in t h(• Mr. GOOD. It seems to me the Naval Affairs Committee have Army, to discriminate between the denU t .· \\'lto nrc Ho t " ""o<"i:t­ an apology to make to the House. There is n bill pending which tion men? llas tleen referred to that committee to do this very thing, and l\Ir. STAFFORD. Of course. I am not on ei tllC'r commit1t't'. it seems to me it is with very poor grace for the members of the ancl I have not any :first-hand knowledge n · to tho.·e nffnil'~ :· £ Committee on Naval A..trairs to come here saying it has never am merely giving tll.e House the benefit of 1he I ittle know! •llg ~ been considered by them, when that bill has been there-the I haye gleaned from the hearing and f t·om my ~H: qnai11lan f' · D:rer bill-for several months. with this legislation. ·Mr. STAFFORD. And more, if you examine the supplemental The SPEAKER. The time Of the gentleman l1ns expil'et l. hearings upon these 101 amendments you ·will find that the l\lr. PADGE'TT. 1\lr. Speaker, the gentleman ~n., ·s tlant tlti!'{ sm·geon General of the Navy, an estimable man, says at the out- was originated in the Senate, by \1'hom he tlh1 not kuo\\', hul. set it is a fair bill and he approves of it, und then the Secretary perhaps, by lobbying, Rnd so forth. The fad is thn t tlw ~(· ~· n •­ of the Navy says he does not approve of that bill, and be goes on ta.ry of the Navy did make a recommenllatioll, as I h;ul !"tHt('d, and ~nggests amendments. · and sent it to the House committee nutl also to th .'t>nate <·nm- I do not care in rising here and criticizing the action of the mittee. The bill had been worked ont by the th•pn•·tm<•n t ill Committee on Naval Affairs, but they might well take example conference with the

, 1.\lr. STAFFORD. ·I wish to have the amendment reporteu. l\lr: PADGETT. No. I was explaining the adjustment be­ The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the amendment. tween the temporary force and the permanent force. As a The Clerk read as follows : matter of fact, the House bill authorized 228,000 enllsh~ d men, Senate amendment No. 33: Page :.:o, after line !>, insert a new para­ but of that 228,000, under the law as it is at this minute, 93,000 graph, as follows : of them belong to the permanent Navy and the others are under "Tl.w.t the authorizeu enllstPil strength of the active list of the Xavy the war strength. . is hereby inc1·ea,;ed from 87,000 to 131,485. Mr. ROBBINS. Yes; I see where you get your 93,000, and l\Ir. STAFFORD. Will tile gentleman yield? your 4 per cent of that would give 3,720. l\1r. PADGETT. Yes. Mr. PADGETT. Yes. If you make up 131,485 you will in­ 1\lr. STAFFORD. I do not rec.'lll this amendment having crease the permanent and enlisted personnel from !>3,000 or been reserved for separate action. 87,()()0-the strictly enlisted per~onneJ, leaving out the appren­ l\Ir. PADGETT. It was reserved. tice seamen-to 131,000. Now, when we get them from Annap­ 1\Ir. STAFFORD. If it·was, of course I withdraw the query olis through graduation we would add the graduates to the I was going to propound to the gentleman. number until we got up to 4 per cent, or the 31,000. It woulcl l\Ir. PADGETT. Yes; it was reserved. take about eight years of the graduates of the acaaemy to fill 1\lr. Speaker, under existing law the authorizeu enlisted up that number. In the meantime, during the war, they wilt strength of the Navy of enlisted men' is 87,000 plus 6,000 ap· be filled up by temporary promotions. prentice seamen, making the total permanent enlisted personnel Mr. ROBBINS. But the prcmotions made under this amend· of the Navy 93.000. The Secretary of the Navy-and I speak ment, if adopted, are permanent? franWy when I say myself also-thought that there was no Mr. PADGETT. No. This relates only to the enlisted per­ urgent necessity for increasing the permanent· strength at the sonnel. They are permanent. The new admirals will be tem­ present. session. The naval officers, however, thought other­ porary, until, ns the years go by and the graduates . from A. .n~ 'Yise, and the Secretary, upon full consideration, has recom­ napolis add to the total number of officers, then they will replace, mended that it be increased to this 131,485, in order to afford year by year, ln proportion as they graduate from the academy. q permanent enlis~ed personnel to meet the necessity of man­ 1\Ir. ROBBINS. The process of replacing would take place ning the ships_:_that is, the fighting ships, not these auxiliaries not by demoting, so to speak-- null subsidiary ships, of the Navy that will be completed and l\Ir. PADGETT. No; we do not demote rrnybodr. in commission by the 1st of July, 1919-at the expiration of this 1\Ir. ROBBINS. You demote them as they retire? fiscal year. · 1\Ir. CANDLER of Mississippi. Retire and promote. Tlte com~issionell personnel of the line depends upon tne Mr. PADGETT. Under the law as it now is, all the tem­ en1isted personnel of the permanent force. The act of August porary officers, thousands of them, will go out not later than sLx 29, 1916, provides that the commissioned personnel of the line months after the close of the war. That is the act of May 22, ~hall be 4 per cent of the authorized enlisted personnel of the 1917. Navy. Under the law at the preSent time 4 per cent upon Mr. RQBBINS. That I understand; but I was not clear as the 93,000 would entitle the Navy "to 3,700 permanent officers to how you are going to get rid of these permanent officers- o~ the line. ·As a matter of fact. we have only about 2,500, 3,720. including the graduates .from Annapolis last week. Bear in l\Ir. P ADGET'l'. No. It adds 1,779. It would take eight mind that. the source of additions to the · permanent commis­ years to fill up the gap. 'Ve already have a shortage of 1,200, f?ioned personnel comes through the graduation at Annapolis, and, adding the 1,700 and some odd to it, makes 3,000 that we \mt they need additional men. are short. We have 2,500 now, in round numbers. We would They have set out at length the need during the war· for au­ authorize· 5,500, but the difference between 5,500-anfl 2,500 ·are ditioilal officers of the higher ranks as well as the lower ranks. tempora-ry officers. · Unde1: t11e; provisions of the act of Mny 22, 1917, as amended Mr. ROBBINS. Yes. by tliis act, 4 per cent UJ;>On this authorized commissioned per­ Mr. McKENZIE. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yiGlcl for sonnel would add additional commissioned officers as follows: a moment? Eighteen additional temporary admirals~ 71. additional tempo­ Mr. PADGETT. Yes. rary captains, 125 additional temporary commanders, 249 addi­ Mr. McKENZIE. I simpiy want to ask the cllairman a ques­ tional temporary lieutenant commt\.nders, 578 additional tempo­ t~on for information. How mU.Dy men are there ·now enlisted rary lieutenants, senior gr!lde; ·and 738 additional temporary in the entire Navy? lieutenants, junior grade, and ensigns. Admiral Benson, Chief 1\Ir. PADGETT. The authorized enlisted strength of the of Opei·ations. charged with the duty of admillistering the Navy, Navy by the act of May 22, :1,917, is 150,000. Then there are ;:m<1 Admiral Pnlmer, Chief of the Bureau of Navigation, having in addition to that T"arious others, in the Flying Corps ancl special charge of the personnel, insists very earnestly that the other corps, and then there are the Naval Reserves, on which necessities of ·the present war demand and require for the there is no limit under the law. All told, in the Navy we haT"e proper manning of our ships this additional temporary increase. now something like 400,000 men. Under _existing law the temporary officers go out-riot later than Mr. McKENZIE. And no limit on the enlistment in the six months after the termination of the war, so that these addi­ Naval Reserve? tional officers would go out not later than six months after the Mr. PADGETT. No; that is ns they are needed and men termination of the war, unless in_the meantime·, by the-gradu­ wllo come into the service during the war. ates from Annapolis, the number of permanent officers was so Mr. McKENZIE. The reason I am asking the question-and increased that soine of them would become permanent officers. I think the gentleman will understand-is that, in my judg­ For in.sta~ce, if we graduate, as we did a _few days ago, say ment, there QUght to be a limitation somewhere on the mimber ~00 midshipmen, they become ensigns. They add 200 to the of men enlif'lted in the Naval Establishment. number of permanent officers. Then under the law the ·disti·ibu­ Mr. PADGETT. The act of August 29, , 191G, provided no tion is: One per cent admirals, · 4 per cent captains, 7 per cent limit in the Naval Iteserve. That is a reserve that is called commanders, ·14 per cent lieutenant commanders, 31! per cent upon. They bring in only such as they need ; but if an emer­ !leutenants, 42-} per cent junior lieutenants and . ensigns. . So gency arises we ought not to lm ve everything stopped off so that the 200 would be distributed in that rank, and they would that we could not meet it. move up the line and would give us 2 permanent admirals as Mr. McKENZIE. I agree as to that; but does not the gentle­ an_ increase and would give· 8 captains. The:ri the next class man think 400,000 is a sufficient number at this time? that graduates from Annapoiis would in like manner but in Mr. r ADGETT. That 400,000 embraces the number, 1GO,OOO, proportion to the number of graduates, be distributed - ~ I have that is authorized and, in addition to that, the Yarious other j?-st stated. ·It will take the graduates of the academy about corps I have mentioned~the Medical Corps, the Flying Corps, ~1ght years, as I figure, to make up this number in the perma­ the Dental Corps, and the Marines. nent addition to the commissioned personnel of the line. And Mr. McKENZIE. My purpose was far from attempting to -in the meantime, during the war, we would have these tempo­ reflect on the Navy, as the chairman h.llOTrs. · I would not do rary officers. that. I am for the Navy, and would give it everything it needs. :Mr. ROBBINS. Mr. Speaker, that is just the thing I did not But I think in this crisis. when we need every available rn:m catcll. ~on speak of this amendment No. 33, on line 10, page that we can get everywhere to put into the military forces of 30, as bemg temporary. our country, it would be a mistake to permit thousands of l\lr. PADGETT. No; I did not; I said permanent. young men to go int~ the Nava! Reserve, ~here th~y woulu not l\1r. ROBBINS. This is permanent, then? . be needed, with no possibility of .their being called. - · -l\Ir. PADGETT. Yes.- Mr. PADGETT. · They are not- taking in '-nnr except· tho.:e·· .; , 1 ._.. Mr. TIOBBINS. - Then -your· ref-erence to temporary did not that they are -qsing, and then under · the regulation .issue1l by allude to this? the Presl~ent, effective sin~ the 15th of last December, ·a lliau· 7964 CONGRESSIONAL REOOP"l)-HOUSE. JU:NK 18', can not get into the Navy or the Reserve or Murine Cm:ps except temporary force, all of them nne pe~:mitted the Nm-y to continue with its permanent­ Mr. PARKER of New· Jersey. 1\Ir. Speaker, I tllink it is peace strength of 93,000 men anu wait until after tbe war was over. time that Congress should I!ecognize that for long past lt has and then determine with more definiteness just. what will be the been due. and our duty to make a permanent increa e of the )1olicy of the United· States in connection with that of all the· Navy. After this war is over, and no matter wbnt may be- the' other nations of the worJd intere ·ted in the movement? result of that \-Tar, the nations that stand for peace must bold 1\Ir. PADGETT. Tlmt was the view that was first t.aken by the­ the seas; must be in , position to prevent pirncies like those Secretary of the Navy anti also by. myself; but the naval people· that have· occurred, anu must be able to prevent filibustering insist that the good of the service uemands that it shall be done by nations which may desire to exploit them elves in , outh now, that they neeu these men, and. that in organizing the Na..vy. America or in. Africa. The nations that' stand for peace must they can put into the permanent part of the Navy the best men as be able to uefencl their coasts from inYasion. to maintain theit• they develop them frow among the enlisted men and constitute communications by sea free of piracy, ai1ti to prote t other 1hc permanent enli ~ tment in the Navy out of the selected and nations. Unless· tl1ey can do that, we and they will lla,;e to be­ best men, o that after the war, insteati of ha\Ing :r very large come military nations ourselYes. 19~8 . CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD--HOUSE. . 7965

. This is a small increase in U1e personnel of the Navy. It is · 1\Ir. ·l\IILLER of Minnesota. So we will have 53. Then there not so great as we may have to make. The nations that stand is another authorization of 50,000 more- for pence, ancl esp~ially England, America, and France, will Mr. PADGE~. No; that 50,000 is only in the case of emer­ haYe to protect civilization upon the seas, and this motion to gency for temporary increase, and that does not increase ths concur in this amendment and enlarge our standing naval force admirals or commanders or captains at all. is none too early. [Applause.] Mr. MILLER of Minnesota. How many of those 37-- 1\Ir. PADGETT. Mr. Speaker, I mo--re to concur in the Senate The SPEAKER. The tlme of the gentleman from Pennsyl~ amendment. vania has again expired. Mr. llUTLER addressed the House. [See Appendix.] l\1r. PADGETT. I will answer the gentleman in my own 1\Ir. l\IILLEU of l\Iinnesota. That is all right, but he 'is not time. ooing anything. l\1r. MILLER of Minnesota. How many of the 37 rear ad­ 1\Ir. PADGETT. Oh, yes, he is. mirals are now at sea and how many ashore? 1\Ir. l\IILLER of Minnesota. He can not be, because he has Mr. PADGETT. I can not tell you. nothing there to do it with. 1\Ir. l\IILLER of Minnesota. Is there any reason why a cap· 1\lr. PADGETT. He has something to do m·er there, looking tain of the Navy could not perform the function of rear nd· o-rer the situation in other countries. miral-that is, the commander of a flotilla of destroyers? 1\Ir. l\liLLER of Minnesota. Oh, they ha\e a few cm;wes over . Mr. PADGETT. They have been doing it. · · there. . 1\Ir. MILLER of Minnesota. Why could not that condition 1\Ir. PADGETT. Admiral Sims is a Yice admiral. continue? . l\Ir. MILLER of Minnesota. Who is the fourth full ad­ Mr. PADGETT. It may to some ertent. miral-Benson? Mr. BRITTEN. 'Vill the gentleman let me answer the ques­ 1\Ir. PADGETT. He is here, and is an admiral by yil·tue of tion? The truth of the matter is on the European station we his position. ha\e two destroyer squadrons-- · . 1\ir.l\IILLER of Minnesota. How many --rice admirals ha\e we? 1\ir. PADGETT. I do not think if I were the ~ntleman I The SPEAKER Is the gentleman from Pennsylvania yield­ should go far into that. I n forced ontfue committee. All the world, excepting our enemles, is proud of the 1Jnited Mr. BUTLER. Mr. peaker, just 30 secon{i£;. The _ g~nne- ·: State ·1\Iarines, who 'have hown that the 'G rmans·cnn be lick d 11mn from Illinois . ays I was against this increase. at their owu game of grueling, driving, ·rna hing military tactiCR, ~lr . BRI'l"TEN. You said so. . :md it will remain for A.me1·ican "nuskies" to urive the we!'Pll al is hereby created in the Marine orp • anil the ¥.rest- 1 f 30 d otl. . t t 1 l n 1 dent is authorized to nomlnate and, by and with the advice and consent supp y or ars nna . .uer cqmpmen o ast t tem·u mont.ts. oi the f:enat<' to appoint one maj;>r gonru:al, w.hn shall at all times be ·liir. .KEATING. 1\It•. I nker, "~ill the gentleman iel is orp hall haVl' •the rn.nk ana tlt1e of lieutenant general commnndant an .AJ.·my officer. The gl'eat r-anking general ·· are Arm;r nfii<: •1·.·, nnd .-ball receh·c the pay and allownnces of a lieutenant general i.n 'the but the mal'ines are beinc: Jed by marines, wlt wer tn1 in ~ tl Army, and the .rank and title of majot· crener:J.l is hereby crea-ted in i:be ~ .M::uine orps1 and the Pre ident is authorized to nominnte and, by and o-ver here and trained undee theil· able ·omuuwilnnt n1ul his ith the adnce and consent of the Senate, rto appoint one permanent excellent corps of •line nnCJ. tafr officer.. ' Ylta "'00(1 '':mt!(l a n·nc 8'3,0 men 111 the shall baYe the Tank and title and pay and nllowances of a lieu- · Jtlrrrine Corps-75 500 un?er 'tlle. J?I' ent bill _and ab?ut 10.~ 1 0 tenant genernl in t11e A.rmy. He now has the r·rrnk, title, .and re?erves. Supp~ e there~ neculiar position, and I want .to make any conditions, -m:~a fhat 1 due a~o t e?t.a·ely, ure. peci'JYe ·uf a frank statement .to the House. My aClmiration for the corps · -what my good 'fnend :rr~~ ~. to then· 1:rammg ;bere--not Ht><'es: is o great for the wOI"k tllat they lutve done and :are doing, my . sa.rily over there. TlJc boys who go oyer ~he to11 ,,·itl• rthe_ Tespect and a, thl' boy. n- sylvanin [hlr. 'B'C".ru:n] lle ire recognition? ate amendment preYails, and I hope it will. Tile "Pili lt•mau 1918. CONG-RESSIONAL R.ECOllD--HOUSE. '7-967

·said ,..,-hen I ·wanted to interrupt .him, but he was busy .other­ {ingnished gentleman fr•am Pennsyh-ania that the Marine Corps wise, that .this amendment does not pr.ovide for the-:men ,in :the was a bureau. Think of it! The l\Iarine Corps a bureau aud line. t he boys who are .doing the ·fighting aud dying on -the othel· •Gen. ~ Barnett !nothing more than u 'bureau chief! 'The l\iarinc -.:side. ·Corps 'is one of the 'three military forces ·of the country organ­ Why does he not call attention to the fact that in this 'bill 'We .ized in 1775, Fund 'is just ·as mucl1 ·an independent branch of ·the .are creating 2 new major generals· -for the ·men of the line, '6 •military .forces ·as the Army ·or Navy. 'Gen. Barnett is no brigadier generals for the men of -:the ·une, 22 colonels and :22 bureau chief; the Murine Corps is not a blU"eau, it is -one of tlw lieutenant colonels for -the men of the 'line, .and hundreds of three military .bmncbes of our -Gover-nment. lower grades'! The line is getting "its,'·' in the·parlance of the ~Mr. 'LONGWOHTH. '\Yill the gentleman yield? .street. This amendment gives rnere~y to the highest-ranking 1\Ir. BRITTEN. Yes. officer in the l\1arine Corps, the :.roan L·u:gely -responsJple for ·the '1\Ir. LONGWORTH. Would it not be -true -that if this bill .wonderful efficiency of -that corps, an increase in rank corre­ passes without the Senate amendment that the·officers of equim­ sponding with that of vice admiral in the Navy, ·for the •petiod lent rank in :the Mru·ine Corps would he all of less ·actual rank of the war and that is all tl1ere is to it. The Se.cre.tary of tl~e ihan similar officers ·in the Army and Na~y, -respectively! Navy in a letter to tbe conferees said .he saw no military xeason 'Mr. BRITTEN. 'That·i.s true; but I have not ud:re.rteS has-ever J1ad, .has been xeaolletl an(Lmn.intai nc 1 that makes ·up the .1\Iarine ·Corps, that makes the aorps :what it during the incumbency of the present colllillmHlant, 1\1nj. Gen. is; that is the sph:it that makes .sharpsboote.rs...aru:l :ma1·k-smen, George ...Barnett, .to ·whom much credit is dne, anestigrrtion juto the ~Hlutill­ Barnett -and l1is staff officers her:e are swiv.-ohair . officers. istration of naval affairs, and in .its report, .known rts the QJh~ci· 'The eommandant Js :a graduate ,of .the Naval .Academy :and Heport, commented most favorably upon the a ·. trol of the time. .In vi.ew .of .the foregoing, ·1t is ·:m:getl-tlult the[Pl'OYision , ;..,~hi ell l\lt. BUTLER The g.ent1eman from T.ennessee .is going to _has ·been inserted 'in i:he bill by the .Sennte, runl~ing- the nm.!1n· have an hour, and I would like very much-I -am .going ·to y.ielcl gene.ral comrua.uannt ·of tt.he corps a ·lieutenant geue1;nl tlm'in~ to t4e gentlentan from Minnesota [l\1r . . MILLER]-however, I -the present ·emergency, is not orily .:a -JJroper Land. well ... uwritt•;l will yield to the gentleman. recogn.ition of the va.luabJe sen.t Lces renclere\1 hy .the effieiellt The S.PEAKER. Tbe gentleman 'from :-Dlinojs :is recognized. :head .of this .:lllilitary organizatiol), hut is also, .ncconliug ·io l\Ir. BRITTEN. My colleague f~om Illinois-[Ur. McKEN:z:IE] milita~·y _practice, the proper ,mnk to be held ·uy .the officet· ·\dlO trje

that is the total authorized strength of the corps by the provi­ ments of the Marine Corps ha-ve tlone their duty more than sions of this bill. well in this respect. It is deemed pertinent to refer to the fact that this increased The fact that the heads of the staff departments of the 1\Iarine rank for the commandant of the Marine Corps has not been in­ Corps remain ·in Washington is due to no preference shown serted in the bill as the outcome of any efforts on the part of them nor to the exercise of undue influence on their part, but is , Gen. Barnett, as he h~s invariably declined to take any part in the result of legislation enacted by Congress. It is presumed any attempt to . ecure the enactment of any legislation for his that the Congress would not have taken this action had it not personal benefit. The amendment has been inserted by the been considered essential to the best interests' and efficiency of Committee on Naval Affairs of the Senate in recognition of the the MiJitary Establishment. valuable services i·endered by that officer. 1\lr. BuTLER also states that he " will not consent to giving Referring to the provisions of the bill inserted by the Senate, these same men, stationed always in Washington, these grades to which places the heads of the three staff departments of the the disadvantage of the fighting men of the Marine Corps." It is l\larine Corps on a parity with the chiefs of bureaus and the not apparent how the enactment of this amendment woilltl work Judge Advocate General of the Navy, this is also not only a to the disadvantage of anyone, and, in fact, it does not. It just and proper reward for duty well performed, as has been really results in a positive advantage to the fighting men, as state

And on page 4403 : HALTEn IN llOUSE. When the popular measure reached the House it was halted tbl're Mr. llUTLEn. But we may not ha;e another narnett; we may not for·· a briet· perlou by- a suggestion · from Secretary Daniels that th~ have another Lauchheimer; we may not have another McCawley; and promotion of Gen. Barnett would rank him abo.ve some of the ga.Hant ·we may not have another RichaTds. • • • · I believe that men. in these responsible positions, and wh() have learned their duties better f~~;~leo~t~e-n~~~if. and the suggestion of Secretary Daniels Is l.Jotb than anybody else can learn them, ought to be continued. · But the whole spirit or the country is behind tbe movement to reward and honor the marines through the~r beloved and aMe commander~ Jt Only a few days ago, when 1\Ir. BUTLER was li}aking his objec· may not be absolutely necessary fr-om a military point of view to ad· tlons to the·ameudment introduced·by Mr. PADGETT to the pend­ vance Gen. Barnett a grade higher in rank, but· it is absolutely clE?siral.Jlc ing bill, he stated, after I had made some remarks with regard that such a sel'Vice as his Marine- Corps has rendered in a world cause should be reeognized and· rewarded for the inspiration of the corps to tile adjutant and inspector and the quartermaster of tho and of the: soldiers and othel' colllllU'l.Dders to follow this shining cxampll'. corp ·-s~e page 5300 of the REco:nD-- Anfl since there is no objection anywhere to the proposition to raise the: .Marine Corps to 75;ooo men, it would seem that n.. command raisetl I know these men well. You can not praise them too highly but. -what from 20,000 m~ to 75,000 was worthy of 'the enlarged rank. I will try to help you. When the time comes for our splendid Navy to get into the actual In view of the numerous expressions by 1\Ir. BuTLER of his. ad­ fighting zone there need be- no · doubt that they will bear them. elv<'.• RO gallantly that "they will deserve anu receive the. advance in rank. which miration of the work clone by the staff departments of the the whole Republic will rejoice to see them have. Meanwhile the llousc 1\Iarine Corps, a few of which have been cited supra, it is im­ is likely to gn·e the. incomparable marines their lieutenant genernl. po sible to tmderstand his present attitude. A misunderstanding. us to the pmpose of this amendment seems The gentleman from Pennsylvania, in his remarks, criticizes to exist, which should· be corrected. the tenure of office of the heads of the staff· departments, and Congress bas already legisL'lted giving the rank of major gen­ yet lle is on record as having expressed his approval of the eral to all the bureau chiefs of the Army, \iz, the Adjutant Gen­ pre ent organization of the hea-dquarters of the Marine Corps eral, Inspector General, Surgeon General, Quartermaster Gen­ when he stated, during the hearings by the conferees of the eral, Chief of Ordnance, Chief of Engineers, Chief of Insular Honse on the Senate amendments to the naval appropriation Affairs, Chief Signa.l Officer, and Judge Advocate General, all bill for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1917: nonfighting offices and the officers holding them by necessity be­ I belieye that men in these responsible positions- ing stationed at headquarters in the National Capita.l. The legislation proposed in this bill seeks to place the Na.vy Referring to the major genernl commandant, the adjutant anti bureau chiefs, viz, Chief of Bureau of Navigation, Chief of Bu­ inspector, the quarteJ.·ma tery and the paymaster of the 1\.I.arine reau of Construction and Repair, Chief of Bureau of Medicine Corps- and Surgery, Chief of Bureau of Ordnance, Chief of Bureau of nnd who base leuned their dutic better than anybody else can learn Yards and Docks, Chief of Naval Operations, Chief of Bureau them, ought to be- continued. of Supplies and Accounts, and Chief of. Bureau of Steam Engi­ See page 4403 of the published report of the above-mentioned neering, on the same parity of ·rank and pay, and further pro­ hcnrinO's. poses to elevate the Jndgo Advocate General from n ca}Jtnin to a Junius B. 'Vood, who is now with the American Army in rear admiral, the grade-corresponding with major generaL All France, representing. the Chicago Daily News on the battle these bureau chiefs are•likewise nonfighting officials :mll n·om front, on June 1 wrote: the same necessity are stationed in 'Vashington. All of them, P.ourteen minutes after a small detachment of American ma:rines except the Judge Advocate General, who is only a captain, uow entl'rcd the front· trenches for the. first time the Germans put. down a ha\e the· rank of rear admiral, but only the pay of a commodore grilling barrage, followed by an attack in overwhelming numbers. IIow the littlo group withstood the baptism of fire, repelled the attack, cap­ or brigadier general. tured prisoners. and practically wiped out the raiding paTty is not told Amendment 47 attempts to·remove the discrimination agal.nst in the cold phraseology of the official report. the Marine Corps by placing its three bureau heads on the snmo The aJiray was replete with deed of indtvidual heroism. Such deeds nre becoming matteFs of course wJth the new.Army which is now helping parity n.s to rank and pay. These officiais, while they hold the to hold back the. onru h .of Kaiserism. offices of. adjutant and inspector, quartermaster, and paymaster, l\Ir. 'Vood, in whose comment I hav-e the \ery hjghest confi­ are in precisely the same category as the similar officials in the dence, was with the American landing forees at Vera Oru:21, Army and Navy and are stationed in Washington. Congress has 1\Iex:ico, some years ngo, and was later· with Gen: Pershing in not seen fit to regard that fac.t with disfa.yor as far as the northern Mexico. lie•is recognized as a. most consc.ientious cor­ Army and Navy is concerned,. as is evidenced by enacted and respondent, not· being given to exaggeration or to the spectacular. proposed legislation, so why should ther:e be any criticism of On lnst Sunday, June· 16, 1918, the New York American these Marine bureau chiefs? 'Ve all know the fine work done printed tho following article, which is but one of many 1 have by the Marine Corps,. and there has not been a word of criticism observed: during this war of the manner in which that corps has been handled; in fact, .the Oliver report commends it highly, and Gen. \)UOLE Sl'IniT OF COCKTRY llElliXIT MOVE TO HONOR TIIE MARIXES Barnett handsomely gives much. Of the· credit to these three TIIRouGn TnEIR ABLE Co:uM.t..xnEn. officers, who will be temporarily benefited by this amendment, [lly John Temple Gra.ves.] and if personal legislation was being proposed they would be W A.snrxuTox, JuM 1.5. amply entitled to this trifling reward; but this is not personal Witll cYe~y nllowance for ·the enthnsia m of comrades and command- legislation and is q.ot intended for the benefit of anyone, but is er ·. und the national pride that might inspire the mot optimistic esti- simply a .J·ust recmmition of a gallant· and efficient branch of the mate. of our military performances, Washington and the. country now ac- ~ cept it as a fact that the Amencan troops haye behaved .magnificently in ser.vice for which all of us have high regard andn.dmiration; and Franee; that they have borne themselves with a courage, dash, initiative, rdo not believe the Members of this. House will consent to punish­ and steadiness at Cantlgny and elsewhere ·worthy of the finest traditions ing the Marine Oor•)S by unJ"ust. discrimination. against it. of the race i...and that the Marine Corps are really the. toast and admh·a- }' tion of the .l!Juropean battle fields. The adoption of the Senate amendment does not take away any- The renewed inspiration that the Talor and Jntolllgence of the marines thing_from the" fighting men" of the corps·, who are provided .for has gin-n to the allies is past all estimate, and the serious amaZcement in this bill by 2.maJ·or generals, 6 'brigadieJ.• 2:ene1·als, 22 colonels, their effecti;eness in arms bas carried to the skeptical but keenly ob- ~ servant Germans is profoundly significant of their value in the ultimate 22_ lieutenant colonels, and a vast number of officers of lower winning of the war. grades, and when the present staff of the corps is absorbed in The fact that our splendlu sea soldiers bad stormed one German posl- li th 1 ·d f the " fi ht· " ill · tion after another north of the Mnrne, and from Chateau-Thierry -to the ·nel as e aw pron es or, g m.g men w • In Torey bad "knocked the pre.<~tige of the Kaiser's shock troogs into a addition, be eligible to these· three positions by detail; thus the ffoc:.eu bat," ba.s iiterally thrilled the Republic with pride an expecta- Jine is a gainer if this amendment is adopted. cnA.cK- REGIMESTs OF w'An. I mn as much an admirer of the " fighting men " as anyone, At tlw present rate the men of the American Marine Cbrps. llistorically and I may tell you that two of these staff: officers, Richards and "firsl: to land and first ·to fight," are likely to rank as the crack. rcgi- McCawley, have been fighting men and received brevet commis­ mentR of th~: whole war. sions for d1 ·tinguished conduct in the presence of the· enemy. It is natul"al enough that the -American spirit of quick and substan- Neither they nor any other staff officer can take anything ftom tial appreciation for great deed sbould leap toward some opportunity to express to tne Marine: Corps some practical eA-pression of the Nation's a line officer either by rnnk or otherwise, as -staff officers do not recognition and gratitude. And no other way seemed so natural and have command, and these bureau chiefs will aLways be at head­ ofreasonable troopR. as to adf'ance the rank of the heatl of that wonderful body quarters under the commandant of the corp •, who will alway~- _ Maj. Gen. George llarnett is ihe commanding general and the. idol rank them by this bill. If this, amendment prevails the total o~ t?f'. :\In~ine Corps. For eight years he ha.s been commander, their expense· per annum will be $6,000, in an appropriation bill of d1 ClPl.llla.rwn, their guide, couns~lor, and fnend. The present corps nearly $2 000 000 000 It seems picavune to waste all this time was ~rTen its present superb eqmpment and prestige · under Gen. Bar- · • . • ' · . . ., . . . nett·~ inspiring cnthnsia.·m anu discipline. And the Marine Corpfi re- on such u trifle and looks like fishmg for mmnows Wltb the b1g ganl him wi~ boundle s devotion. ~ bill introduced into the. Senate IfL

It bas been said that after the war the Marine Corps will be re­ 2 major generals, G brigadier genernls, 22 colonels, ~2 Iieutt>nnnt uuced to 17,400 men; but that I am unwilling to believe, no colonels, and hundreds of majors, captains, nnd first and ·ec·ontl matter how the law now reads, and I fully expect to see a lieutenants. l\larine Corps of 30,000 or even 50,000 men for many years to 'l'he following editorial from the New York Sun is uuoU1~r meet naval needs alone. Let us n·ot be unjust to this corps, but evidence of Marine Corps recognition: trent it fairly, as its record warrants, and let its officers feel that [From the New York Sun, June 8, 1918.] Congress will applaud good work and not give punishment for it. THE UA.RINES AT CIIATE.AU THIERRY. The chiefs of bureaus in the Navy Department were given the Tl1e personnel of the Marine Corps changes with time, its numbers rank of rear admiral by the act of March 3, 1899 (vide 30 Stat., Increase with the needs or the Nation, but its spirit and skill remain unimpaired. The same zest for duty, the Eame determination to attain 1005). The same act which gave this rank to the bureau chiefs the objectives of their expeditions that have been rtisplayed by the men increased the strength of the Navy to 20,000, and also appro­ of this splendid organization wherever fate has carried them in its event­ priated $57,297,569.78 for the naval service. In the present ful career are WI·itten in tbe record of their ndmiration-compPlling cou- naval appropriation bill the total appropriations for the Marine g~~~r~t f~:1te~~ :fo~~~:Y• where their successful advance has won new Corps alone nre $160,000,000, exclusive of public works. The :::iince the marines went to Europe the necessary Yell of secrecy has following statement is Interesting for comparison purposes: hidden their activities from their friends at home-and who is not a friend of the marines? It has been known that their first ambition. to Stateinent to close of business, June 1, 1918. close with the enemy, wa.s not gt·atified as quickly as they desired. Hut the military duties that fe!l to them took precedence of their master Enliste(], Marine· Corps _____ ------41,821 wlsb, and these they accomplished with tho alertness and thorougbnPss Enrollcy the entire beaus of the departments of the War Department. plishments on the battle front. Is there any good reason why tbis branch of the service should not It is believed that these duties are comparable especially with be very materially enlarged for the period of the war? There are some those performed by the Judge Advocate General of the Navy, thousands of marines now in the United States who are perfectly whose promotion by two grades is provided for in this bill. trained. Why not hustle them over to France and fill the home train- in..,. camps with new material? . Since 1890, when the detail system was adopted for the chiefs 'Some time ago Congress authorized the expansion of the corps, but of bureaus of the Army, there has not been a single chief of even at that it is a. small body. Why not make it a much larger one bureau but "-ho, upon the expiration of his four-year term, has and forward at once every available marine to the front? been reappointed, :md not n single chief of bureau who, nftet· The followin·g clipping from the Baltimore News is another his original temporary appointment, has not served continuously "boost": in the same capacity from one four-year term to another four­ [From the Baltimore News, June 8, 1 :.1 : :. : year term until he reached the age of 64, the statutory age for THE MARL "ES ! if In the fighting north of Chateau Thierry the marine· seem tlrst to · retirement, or until his death, the latter should occur before have assumed control, as is their wont almost everywhere they go. Tbese reaching the age of 64. bard-fighting " soldiers of the sea " have given a most substantial ac­ This would certainly seem to indicate that it llns been found count of themselves, and from all reports they enjoyed themselves thor­ oughly in their first real fracas in France. One wonders why the cables conduciYe to the highest efficiency to have one man serve in the did not begin their announcement or the marines' exploits with the pbmse capacity of heat-rame presumnhly meaning the line officers, should be protected and a byword, to be quoted as one repeated the buppil·t· pbr:u:p · or tho benefited. has nlw:tys failed to admit that in this very bill legis- advertisin;; men. Since we got into the big war we baYe not h<'ard OYI'J'much :-~hout tbc 1ntion is lll"oYicled whid1 will Yastly benefit the "1ighting men,'' marines. Most of us had sort of a vagUl' idea tbn t tiH:.v h;lll heC'n made a;; it proYilles fur an increase of the line of the Marine Corps by military police over in Fra nee, and a val:"''! l'l'gret l hut uch a lJouy ot 1918. CONGRESSION~J\.L RECORD-:S:OUSE. 'l; .. 7971

men should not be utilized as shock troops. They were the one br:mcb of the service whlch had traditions, glamour, romance, associated with some slight acquaintance with the commanding officer of the them. They were what the Princess Pats were to Canada, the Cold­ Marine O>rps. I ue set for action, had stormed one German J?.OSition after another north of honored it never would have come here and it woul

man one higher rank than he, and a man who never smelled interest which the commandant and his staff assis'tantcs· had gunpowder nc1·oss the ea. From time immemorial the com­ shown for the enlisted men. mamler of an Army eorps in our counh·y has had the rank of Go, if you please, to Quantico, or any\vhere, and talk with the major general-no more. Under our Army plan now an Army enlisted men and ask them whether at an times thev have not felt corps will consist of about 210,000 men. In the Marine Corps, at liberty to make h.-nown their complaints and~ wants to the with the increase herein granted, there will be· only 85,000 men,. highest officer in the corps, and they will tell you yes, and yon and yet this motion proposes to make the commander of that will find that the personal interest which these oflicers have ~ force a graile higher than an Army corps cnmma.nder. This taken ia the enlisted mn.n has mru:keuly contributed to the fine creates the rank of lieutenant general for a man here in Wash­ esprit de. corps and splendid morale of the marine . I feel tJ)at ington and not on tlle field or battle, where glory is won and those who had such ision, that those who had looked so well where deeds are performed. This is not fair to the major gen­ after the personnel of this corps, were entitled to some recog­ erals of our Army-all the generals-for he will' outrank. them nition. all save Gen. Pershing. No, my friends-; look and think of And may I state that the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Ur. your counti-y~s cause, the men that have fought for your flag BUTLER] was himself responsible largely for the defeat of an and for your country, and are fighting to-day. Hold back from amendment that would have given members of the Marine Staff no man the reward for his gallantry and: his servic~ but I beg Corps, whom he has criticized, an opportunity to take their places of you do not begin by playing favorites in Congress. If you 1n. the line? do, what must be the thought that will go to the major generals :Mr. DEWALT~ llll\ Speaker, will the gentleman yield? . of our A.rmy across the sea? There are dozens of them fighting The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Alabama yield to ~ for th~ir country there. Can not they depend on you and me to tile gentleman from Pennsylvania? . be as true to the interests of our country here as we demand 1\Ir. OLIVEn of Alabama. Not just now. When an amend­ · that they be over there? Let ~protect them while they are ment was proposed whereby the sta.tf officer should be permitted gone. Let us honor them for that which they do, and never to elect to go to the front, he opposed it; and this fine tribute wa ~ let us write a chapter, however small, in the annals of Congress paid by him to the present o1·ganization in his effort to retain at that fails to recognize true worth, true heroism, true deeds, and Washington the present commandant of the corps and his staff. the maintenance of tllat pure spirit of American democracy we Here is what he· says: call justice and the square deal, one tilat is making conquerors Mr. BuTLER. Dut we ma not have another Barnett; e may not have another Lauchheimer; we may not have another McCawley ; and we of om· boys abroad and should make us worthy men to act as mny not have another Richard . ·• • • I believe that men in the!ro statesmen for Jmmanity the world over during the ne::s± century l'eSponslble positions. and who have learned their. dnties better than any­ of tl1e world's history. [Applause.] body else can tear.n them~ ought to be continued. Tbe SPEAKER. The gentleman from Pennsylvania {Mr. And again I quote f:rom the gentleman from Pennsyh·aniu: Bu'l'LER} js recognizeil. Mr~ BU-TLER. I bclieve that the existence o! the Marine Corps is owin~ l\fr. BUTLER. :Mr. Speaker, how many minutes have r re­ largelY' to the. services of one man. He came to lts re cue at the time 1t needed him, and that man is Col Lauchheime.r. T4at is my opinion. maining? which I hava hereto!ore expressed publicly, anti I deske to have my The SPEAKER. The gentleman has 10 minutes. opinion ·written in the 1~coro, althoUgh I do not know that it is of a.ny l\ir. :BUTLER. I understand the gentleman from Tennessee value. [Mr. l?ADOETT] proposes to take the floor. Again I quote the gentleman : _ Mr. PADGETT. I am not going to make any more remarks. .l\lr, BUTLJm.. And I know further that the fine condillon of the Ma.rine I Corps-L mean to say its contentment and the faet that it is well just want to get recognition. Some gentlemen have stated. that clothed and well fed-Is largely due to the service. of CoL McCawley. they want to speak. I will yield to them. Now, il we could distinguish these two men whose services have been so Mr. BUTLER I would like to retain t11e balance of my time. valuabl~ to thi& corps, I am ready to distinguish them. *- • • I w·.ouid lTh:e to yield to one ()r two others the 10 minutes that I He was opposed, if you please, to legislutiorr that I know these hm·e. officers in the marines strongly favored, giving them the right to Mr. PADGETT. I am recognize(} for an llour, Mr. Speaker? elect to sel'Ve in the line. It ill becomes my distinguished friend The SPEA...KER. Yes. from Pennsylvania now to criticize these gentlemen for perform­ Mr. PADGETT I yield 10 minutes to the gentleman from ing in Washington high and important duties for the mm·incs. Alabama [l\1r. OLIVER]. 1\Ir. BUTLER. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? The SPEAKER. The gentleman. from Alabama is recognized The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman yield? for 10 minutes. Mr. OLIVER of Ala.bam~ . Let us understand that the mnrlnes Mr. OLIVER of Alabama. Mr. Speaker, it seems to me there are a great fighting machine, and in order to be and continue a bas been some misconception about this amendment. It is .an great fighting machine you can nut depend altogether on the men run€ntlment offered iiL the Senate, as I think, in recognition of at' the front. the distinguished services which the head of the- Marine Corps The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman yield? bas rendered to that corps. 1\I.r. OLIVER of Alabama. Not just now. I will yielu in. a. few In the first place, Gen. Barnett, the present head of the Marine minute& .. Corps, is not a staff officer. Re is- a line officer, detailed for There must be back of the line some who are efficiently provid­ . his present work by the President on the recommendation of ing for the equipment and proper maintenance of that organiza­ the Secretary of the Navy for four years. Some gentleman-! tion. Gen. Barnett, a brigadier genei'al in the line, has been believe it was the gentleman from Minnesota [1\.lr. Mrr.LER]­ designated for this respon.sible position, and his selection met , made the statement that the rank here proposed to be conferred with the hearty concurrence· of the gentleman from Pennsyl- was never held except by Gen. Washington and Gen. Pershing. Yania. · :M:r. MILLER of l\finncsota. I said the rank of general was Now, I yield. so held. l\1r. BUTLER. Will the gentleman tell me where he got l\lr. OLIVER of Alabama. This amendment simply confers tho e remarks from? , the rank of lieutenant general. There have been many who Mr. OLIVER of Alabama. Yes. I got them from the lle.ar­ ; have held like rank in the past-for exampl~ Chaffee, Schofield, ing, and if you will read the hearing you will find those were Corbin, and numerous others. the exact words you yourself used. [Laughter.] 1\.f:l:. MILLEn of l\finnesota. Not during a Will'. Before the committee the gentleman from Penn ylvanla [Mr. Mr. OLIVEit of Alabama.. And tak~ the cases even now of BuTLER] has always relied greatly on the judgment of Gen. Gen. Mar-ch and Gen. Bliss, holding tile rank of full ·general, Barnett. I have never heal'd him in the co:rpmittee utter a word one in Washington and one at Paris, neither at the front. that was not in praise and laudation of the commandant of the No one questions the high an(l important service th~y are Marine Corps and his staff. Now this amendment proposes rendering. Let me say this: The subcommittee of which I was simply a just recognition for a "~onderful service. It may not chairman took occasion to make careful inquiry into the activi­ be that Gen. Barnett will be called to the front. He is hero ties of the marines and n to their efficiency. From every source serving in a most important capacity under orders, like Gen. we learnetl that theil' preparedne s to "go ov.er" when. calleu March in the Army, like Admiral Benson in the Navy, like Gen. wa ·

The whole problem of trainmg. anu supplying officers and men, increased to more tkan 'i'()U, but the system remnin~l unchanged. an11 A•lmlral Palmer- asslU'E:' · us, ha been worked out in detail for a yea1· in the result "t>as that 300,000 men and 1,100 ship. w-Pm jtl~t a. proruptlv· nd,-an e. after first takin~ into con ideration the number of vessels, and well provided for as 55,000 men aml 300 ·hips had be •n l>efor~ tll'e which will be completed and commi sioned, and the duties to which they war. 'Till u assigned. Tbi ell dule shows whex·e the supply o_f officers One of the mo t important problem!! the burP~'lu hntl to ·oh·e wns and' men of tbe required rank and ratings \Till come from. where they the placing- of' contracts and securing deli.-ery of large st ock· ot winter will be tmined, and where as igneitie authorized This could not be accomplishetl by mCTely placiJJg the contracts :md o-r contemplated now, or. in futuro co>ering a period of se"\"'eral years. then waiting delivery. The requirements for th Army an11 om· allit>s The ·avy re en-e force has been efficiently organized and many addi­ ha(l made such a demand on the mills and on the mnnotacturerR tional detnlls of. per onnel have been met by the bureau, including the that all contracts had to be placf"d with the "l' atest ar ancl untler naTal radio censorship, communication service, naval intelligence, and varying conditions to meet the Navy's immediate n ds. Tbe ray­ supply of reserve clerks for the bureaus. - master General sent a numbe of commissioned officer to th mifls Chart and na-vigation books :tnd in truments of all kinds ha>o been and factories to talk to the employees and encournge them to increns<' turnishE><.l the fleets- in home and foreign waters, and we feel . that the production to the limit. These efforts wcro oo uccer.,;fnl that nll burf'au wisely maintains the closest cooperation with the commander men afloat and at the training camps and station wer , liefore colcl in chief of the Atlantic Fleet, and the commander of the forces operating weather came, provided with au£>quate outfit of winter clothln ..... in­ abroad on the subject of supply nnd detail of personnel. Our com­ cluding- overcoats1 heavy blankets, etc. 'J.lhe deek fore of the cll'­ mitt · bas been impre d with the ability and systematic methods stroyer , battleships and other vcs els were furnisheu with !>Deeial adopted ll:v thls bureau for the handling of the o import:mt matters articles of winter clothing, wind anu rain proof suits, heavy woolf' n intru ·ted to it. socks, boots, etc., and thus well prepared to endure wlnu and w-4'a ther. The dally stocks of raw materials were rapidly increasecl and . tol'l'­ 'l'HE MEDICAL DEPART:YEXT. bouses were erected at" certain east coast yards to m et tho cnlar:gl'd The first battle of the war, that ng.ainst disease, was fought and won demands for fitting out the greatly augmented fleet. lly mse fore­ by the Medical Department of the Nary_, under Rear Admiral Wllliam sight- the bureau met immediate neetls promptly, antl in addition pro­ :Ut·aisted. vided. a reserve supply of the more important article of raw material~. After diplomatic relations with Germany were broken in February, such as tin, copper, steel, etc. The bureau, we finu, ha pre r.vecl 1017. recruits, we find, streamed jnto the service in incre:udng numbers, its well-established " open-door " policy with re~ect to purchas of anu in April there wn.s grave danger that the overwhelming influx of every klrul for the· Navy Establi hment. Some iflea. o! the magnitucl voluntf'Crs wouJace. In spite ot all ·the diffi­ petition. and this policy ha be n followed strictly in making pnrcban~ . culties in the way ot rapid expansion; and the sutlden necessity for: the and as a result quality"" @.lck deliveries, and lowest market priees ha>e training of new medical per rmnel and Hospital Corps men, the health been obtained. of the force afloat has been, even better· than in peace time.- ·The finest spirit of cooperation exists in thi department and one of The Medical De-partment facilities have undergone tl'ememlon devel­ loyalty to its chief and to its- senior ai(l, Rearr Admiral C. J. Peoplt>s, opment everywhere. The excellent anu finely equipped bas hospital& the youngest officer of his rank in. the Navy and on llEP.HU AXD STE.UI EXOIXIlElliXC. which could not have been attain~ if the organization of the Medical We were impressed with the efficient and expedition metbous em­ Department as a whole had not been carefully thought out long before ployed try the Bu'reans of Construction and Repair, Rear AtlmJral Davitl war came and plans perfected for the immediate enlargement of. base W. Taylor, and of Steam Engineering, Rear AdmiJ:al Robert , . Griffin, ho pitals and the construction of emergency ho pitals of the finest type in handling the many difficult problems suddenly impo ell by the war. wherever neee: ary. The total bed capacity of naval hospitals- wag Much of the information furnished us in this connection can not. for thu incre~d in a period of a few months from 3,800 to more than obvious rea.sonSj be- now di closed, but in due time the countr:y will 15,000 beds. The mothers of the country can re t as urecL that in these understand how the skill and inventive genius of th e bureaus have hospitals their sons will receiTe excellent care and nursing and the most contributed to the efficiency of our own and allied navies." skillt>d treatment that" modern medical and surgicnl knowletlge permits. We found that extensive preparations h.ad been· made by these bu­ The naval hospitals at Great Lakes. ill.., and Norfolk, Va., are already reaus before the outbreak of war; that large stores of material neces­ two of the largest hospitals in the United States, and with the author­ sary for the repair and replacement of the ships in service had bN>n ized additions to the Norfolk llo :pi tal · it will be one of the greatest in­ nccumul3lted and extensive contracts made for stores not ordinarily stitutions of its type in the world. The Navy Nurse Co.q>s comprising carried in times of peace; that repair ships were thoroughly equipped women of the ~est type in the nursing profes Ion, ha.s been increased and w~re ready to sail in condition to make any repairs that might to more than 700. be necessary in the destroyer force. As a: result, our destroyer force On board ship and at naval stations. the health of the men is protected Jn the war zone has been maintained in a high state ot efficiency, and f?y all the safeguards known to preventive medicine. The Hospital bad all repairs made without interfering with their servic . Much Corp • upon which falls exclusively the nur ing of the sick and wounded of the credit for this is due not only to the seamanship and skill of outside of hospitals, has- been increased. from 1,500 to nearly 9,000. their officers and crews but to the thorough manner in which American Ho pitnl Corps training-- schools have been established in connection crews understand the materials in their charge and the skill with which with the training station at San Rrancisco, Great Lakes., Newport they- utillze the same. (R. I.), and Hampton Ronful. In· these chools young--- men of good Navy yards were fully supplied with materials needed in. connection character- and nptitude- are inten lvely trained for their dutiPs. at sea. with the big task of converting- merchant ves Js talteu over, an!l ar­ For eing that the hospital ship now under- construction, and ran"'ements had. been made to supplement the navy yard · by private which tht! Surge-on General hall long asked for, would not be completed y~s in the viclnity, working under contracts nnanged before the out­ in time to meet-- the war needs of the. sernce, two large liners.. were break. of war. ! secured and converted into hospital ships to supplement the work ot the Many :llteratlons were begun fully n month before hostilities we-re hoRpital ship 'olace. To assist the Army in bringing bacJt the sick declared and extended to the point of actually making. contracts in and wounded from abroad, Admirn.l Bralsted arrarrged tha-t the trans­ anticipation of the pas age by Congress of. approp-riations fo-r the pur- ports operated by the Navy should have · ample Medica-l Depar.tment pose. · . facilities and neces ary equipment, and so far as naval facilities exist When it came to building- additional destroyers. especially those ha as umed responsibility for. the med1ca1 and surgical care of all Army of the large program, it was found that the shipbuilding facllltles of ick and• wo1.mded who may be transported home on naval v els from ttc country were fully absorbed with the ve sels then under construc­ Europ. tion and that it. would be neees ary• to create new facilities. TbC' For the rore of. our naval forces in England, France, and European work involved. tile expansion of existing- shipyardS, the creation of waters three basi" hospitals are already in operation abroad. entirely new yards, machine nnd boiler sbops1 great increases in In expandlng the Medical D~partment to meet the pre nt and future forging facilitie<> and facilities for building- auxiliary machinery. The neros of the Navy, we were glad to find that-the needs of the increasing plans adopted required more than doubling tbe capacity available last numbers of industrial workers and other civil employees- in the large summer for building de troyer and that capacity was materia11y manufacturing plants in navy yards had not bE*.n overlooked. The greater than before the war. It is gratifyjng to re1 rt that during p ace--time humanitarian. work is also being-· continue-d in connection 191 destroyers will be uuilt in from a third to a half of the time- taken with Haiti, Santo Domlngo, Virgin Islands, Samoa, and Guam, involving under prewar condition~. a population of ove 2.000,000 people.. · In spite of the !'peed in constructloa, these vessels ar not being It may well be aid that the reason f01: thls suceensfuJ t•ecord is to slighted in workmanship Ol\ nppliance ·. They are equal in every be found in the bureau's preparedne., , due to fo:r:esight and cooperation. respe<'t and superior in some to our lnte t de tro:v r , nnd will be provided with all f!ttio_es for the comfort and conv nience ot, tbe crew, BUREAU OF S"C'PPLIE.S AXD ACCOUNTS. and for military purpo e . Tlle Bureau of Snpplie and Accounts i the Navy's great business The committee was _given fuJI information in regard to tbe dnmagP. offi ce, and incidentally it i one of the biggest enterprises in the United done to the German ship which were turned over to the Navy and ~tate . Under its chief, Rear Admiral Samuel McGowan, it l:las estab­ the methods followed in repairing them. and was impre d with tbe lish, t1 and wen deserves a Nation-wide reputation for bu iness efficiency. fact. that while unusual and novel methodS were re or.ted to to put It lias the re ponsibility of feeding, clothing, and paying- the entire these ships in S.e!Tice a. quickly a. possible, there bas been up to date personnel of the Navy, and supplying all v . els of the Navy with no ca e of fnilure o~ of v eah-n developing in any repair und taken store · and equipment for efficient operation. When war came, it found by tbe Navy Department. ith the completion of the Lev1ath.an tb bureau with a peace-time. organization of 128 officers and civilians. (V.atcwland) the last (".ne . was re-paired and put in s~cro, mnking That personnel, however, had been so constantly inrloctrinatetl with I upward of n lmndred GeriLta.n ship nqw 1ly1ng the American flag. the raymastcr General's policy of doing everything with a Tiew of pre­ A . ide light on German method was furnished by a statement that pal·lng for any eventuality, that it needed onJy augmentation to handle thex wns found on one of the German ships a. detailed m mor:lllllum smoothly the vast incroas ln its daily tmsiness detail . The personnel of nJl damngcs that bad be<'n (lone, with a notation opDo ite e:'lch itom 1918. CONGRESSIONAL- RECORD-· H OUSE. 7H75 ns to whether the damage could or could not be repaired. In nlmost Admlral Harris resigned his post as chief of the bureau to go to tbc every case the notation was "Can not be repnired/' and the manner Shipping Board in the fall of last year, and pending the nppoint:mm t in whi:h the work was accomplished is still no doubt a. profound and qualification of' his successor the alfnirs of tbe bureau were ton­ mystery to the skippers and engineers of the German ships who n.re dueted in a most satisfactory manner by Capt. -A. L. Parso11 ·. his now inb•.rned. former seni(}r aide, as acting chief. The committee found that no necessity had arisen fu any cbange AlRCRAET. in the system of either of these- bureaus, whlcb readlly expanded to We have examined the navn.l aircraft situation and find many ma.t­ meet tire emergency. Tbey have not only had at their command the ters of great interest, but much of our inforirultion is not now o~n n . istan<:e of .AroeTican inventors and experts but have been given for public discnssi~n. full information of the devices developed and progress made by other This was tbe one development of materiel which no amount of fore­ navit>s and have orked in close conjunction with our allies. sight would have enabled the Navy to prepare adequately. The growth B~U (}F ORD~ANCE. of airplanes and hydropllllles has been so rapid that nothing short of The importance of the adequacy in power and quantity of the Navy's actual war conditions would insure a large number of up-to-the­ ordnance can not be overemphasized. second machines with aviators tr~d to handle them. 'l'he Bureau of Ordnancer under Rear Admirn.l Ralph Earle, bas fully In the earlier stages of its undertaking the naval air service met satisfied the demands made upon it by- the vessels operating in European many discouragements, but the perfection of the Liberty motor and the waters. A letter from Vice Admiral Sims compliments the work nn' the- ~rganiza­ The aircraft program is in charge of Capt. Noble E. Irwin and we tion and operntion of the bureau's administrative details. The com­ commend' to the entire committee the careful reading of his bearing, mittee wns impressed with ib:! business O'l'ganization and capacity to and especially a recent interesting and informing report made by him, handle the war work that comes under its immediate cogniz.ance~ the now on tile with the secreta.rY of the committee. procurement of guns. mounts, shell, powder, fire-control appliances, TABGET PRACTICE. and the numerous accessories reqnireu in the arming of our DA'\"al forces. The statement of Capt. Charles P. Plunkett, Chief of the Division ol 'l'he signing up of a contract marks tbe beginning of action; the Target Pr:tctice, is of intense interest, and we inVJte the committee's follow np and tborougb in pectlon systems :tnd the policy of full co­ special attention to it. opei·ation_ with the manufaetm:er are. employed to ·insure prompt de- We co.n not publish all that baa been accomplished in the way of ll..-ery~ . naval gunfire. battle ranges, percentages of hits, and the results of' a The or~nization of the bureau half been developed so as to make 1.t compari on ol our Navy gunnery with that ot other countries. But on 01.1;::Ullzation for war. n:nd in consequence it is working smoothly to our committee, though not technically trained in this matter, the :md efficiently, although the expenditures have increased from about work of this division bas been highly satisfactory. ''30.000.000 to more thnn $560.000,000. lt has been augmented by It betrays no secret to say that the gunnery of the Atlantic Fli!ct t aldng into it retired officers, officers of the Naval Militia, omce.rs of prior to the declaration of war was more than satisfactory, but it be~ the Coast Guard Service, former graduates from Annapolis, !llld ·able came necessary to tak::e a la.rge number of ordnance officers and exP£l,'t men from civilian life as needed, gunners from the secondary batterie and turre-ts of the fleet in order 'l'he buroou has d£>veloped much new m..'lterial, including depth to provide a.nned guards for merchllllt ships and to furnish ordnanc~ charges, Sllbmarine 110mb, non.ricoeuct ~bells, b~mb-droppillg devices, officers forth£" many DPW: vess~Is <.>oming into commission. ~>o thnt many howitzers. guns for throwtng depth charges, smoke-screen apparntusr men handling the secondary butteries (many used for torpedo defense} heavier ordnance on nll craft, and many other impor-umt tlesigns which were .removed and th~ heavier batteries thus temporarily lost many of we feel it u'nwise to discuss. their most hJg.hly trained gunners. It was neces nry to train new Where tber(' were shorta~s in the market of various mn.teria.ls, the personnp-l to fill tbf'Bf' vacnn<'ie and also to provide for the ve- eis bur an took steps immediately tQo devel-op new source of supply. 111 in reserve and the new ve sels coming into service. While primarily placed contracts rapidly, and the committee is confident that the these were questions for the Bureau o:t Navigation, yet they caused, Na,y's needs for ordnance during this war are fully- co;ered by exist- as Capt Plunkett exp-lained. the deepest anxiety to the gunnery offi­ intr contracts and wirb tlic capacity now onder its cantrol. . C21' Nothing but the carefully developeti system in the Navy, coupled Over 1,100 vessel have been furnished and Qnses thev have made to submarine at­ the disposal of the Bureall of Ordnance we find has been spent wisely tacks. How well the new men have responded to their training cau and has been obligated practkally as soon as It became available. nCJt be answered untfl "the day " when the guns of the fleet speak, 'l'he Navy's industrial 9rdnance plants have been and are being but we ve-ntme to prophesy that the results will be in keeping with expanded as rapidly as practicabl£> with.mt interfering with their pro­ the proved traditions of the American Navy. unction. Witoout d:lreet control of the gun factory, torpedo station, naval provillg ground, powder facto.ry, and ammunition depots, the THE MARif\"E CORPS. work accomplished would have been impossible. The Marine Corps, though inherently a part ot the Naval Establish­ It may be pertinent to here state that the bureau has furnished ment. has its own separate and distinct orgnnization, with separate In nppreciable quantities, the Governments of Englilnd, France, and mllitary and administrative staff departmentR, the latter of which in­ Italy with gnus from th~ largest to the smallest caliber, together with dndes a separate supply bureau. tbe quartermaster's department. lt proper suppliffi of ammunition therefor, anQ is continuing the supply nas also tts own paymaster's department. · of such munitions to Olll' aBies. In addition to >essels of the regular The committee was much i.nl]}res ed with the · keen, personal, active navy of our allies, it has ru:mcd a considerable number of their mer­ interPst shown by Gen. George B. Barnett, commander of this corpf. cbRntmen together with the officers under him, in everything pertalning. to the Deptb charges, wh.ich the committee thinks lllli.Y be properly termed welfarer comfort, and advanc·ement of the enlisted personnel. TWs indi~ " the best weapon against the submarine," have been produced in vldual interest on the part of the officers is a very large contributing quantity and ore in use by our destroyers and submarine chasers. An factor, we believe, to the well-known high efficiency and splendid spirit aucquatc re ervc of ammunition for all classes of guns has been and morale of this. corps. _ accumulated and is beld in storage ready for the use of the fleet. About a year and a half ago Congress began to incrcast> the strength ot 'l'he committee wa supplJed with full information of bow many the .Marine Corps, which consisted then of 344 officers ancl 9.921 enlisted attacks of submarines upon armed merchantmen had been warded men. By lP.gislatlon approved August 29, 1916, authority was granted olf. the ships' gun crews using the battery with bro.'lllel'y and skill. to increase it nltimatel;v to (l93 officers and 17,400 enlistE-d men. Later, and was given the details of certain engagements of special interest. after war was declared, a further temporary increase was authoriz£>d on The arming of merchantmen and the use of other devices, including May 2Z, 1917, for til(> duration of the war, permitting enlistments ro a sailing in convoys, while doing much to keep down om percentage strength of 30,000 enlisted men (exclusive ot resPrvists) and allowmg of losses, are not all that can be desired as a check to the submarine 1,197 officers. About a year after this first legislative authority was menace. The committee was furnished with tbe names. tonnage, and granted the actual strength of the Marine Corps{ including reservists armament of. all vessels under the American flag engaged in trans­ and National Naval Volunteers, was 32,288 en! sted men and 1120 Atlantic trade. together with date-s and incidents of all encounters with officers. Thus it will be seen that the :\larine Corps more than trebled subma.rines. The record· of attacks on our armed merchantmen shows its former strength ln officers and enlisted men within tbis comparatively a comparatively small percentage were suct>e sful, and that the chances short period. To-day the ~farine Corps numbers 1,230 officers and 3G,334 of escape when a submarine- is sighted before sbe )las time to tire a enlisted men. torpedo are very high, due to the efficiency of the Navy personnel. The actual enlistment was accomplished through the usual methods The unseen torpedo is responsible for 80 per cent of the sinkings, of recruiting from amongst voluntPers from civil life at a time when the Army, Navy, and National Gua1·d organizations werE' all working in _ BU'R.EAU OF YARDS AND DOCKS. the same field with the same object of filling up thPir authorized quotas. At the commencement of the war naval docks and yard.'3 were wholly As new m£>n l'ame into the corp , clothing, equipment, and military stores inadequate to meet the requirements of the Navy at war strength, but bad to be provided, and immediate and adequate mPthods taken for their Congress in the last appropriation. bill had provided liberally for im­ health, their mstruction. and training_ The satisfactory accomplishment provements. of this task required teamwork on th£> part of officers in command 8.D1l Rear Admiral Frederic R. Harris, chief of the bureau, gave the com­ the military administrative staff departments. The prPwar mPthods ot mittee a full report on the activities set in motion to devetop- the yards the Marine Corps in recruiting, training, and administering to the needs and to erect the many structures required for trailling camps for the of the corp~ were adapted at once to the situation incident to this increased personneL increase. . In December last 4!>6 contracts, involving an expenditure of more We find that, besides taking care of new appointments in the com· than $9G,OOO,OOO, had been let for these improvements, 62 of these con­ missioned grades and the enlistJDents and the t_raining ot' tbis additional tracts, carrying about 26,000,000-mostly for training camps-were force, tbe Marine Corps bas atten.deu without a hitch to its ordinary and made on. the cost plus basis, but we found in every case that the bureau regular duties of guarding the navy yards and naval stations, both in bad safeguarded the intere t of the Government by careful inspection and outside of the Umted State - It has furnished expeditionary for ... es and supervision. This method of contracting, while not the most eco­ tor duty In France and elsewhere ou~side the United States, and supplied nomlcal, perhaps, was necessary to secure the early completion of the marine detaehments for all battleshlps, cruise-rs, and other naval vessels bnlldings to house and provide hospitals and other accommodations for placed in commission during existing hostiHties. At the same time tt the recruits. There bns been no question of the good faith and integ­ has kept a. force of officers and men in Haiti and Santo Domingo to rity with which operations were carriertain insurrectionary elements In the construction of the camps the bureau erected 452 builtlings amongst their inhabitants. We mention one instance to show the unuer 50 acres of roofing, requiring millions of feet ot lumber. An efficiency of the Marinf> Corps' methods of training raw pE-rsonnel. The interesting statement of these operations will be found in. the bearing rifie is the weapou of the marine. When the Marine Corps was, roug11Jy, of Admiral Harris. 10 000 enlisted men before the war, 6,118 of that force we1·(' r·at£><1 as so Tllis burE'au met in the com·se of its construction work the usual efficient in the use of this weapon that they were under the law entitled ~umculties with labor, tran. portation. and priorities, but these slhm­ to an inci'eascd pay. To-duy the :;\Iarine Corps of 3G,334. enlisted men tions we1·e well handlcu and good results with remarkable dispatch were has 22,577 men similarly rated. This shows that it has actually ill­ obtained. creased its prewa.r percentage of pr9ficlent marksmen. ·7976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JU~TE 18, cr r ' , It bas been the establishea policy of the Marine Corps in prewar times While the boys have been "going over the top" in France to fill its cornn1issioned personnel, as far as possible, by promotions from the ranlcs, and no appointments are made in commissioned graoes direct there have been certain gentlemen here at home determined to from civil lifl'. We most heartily approve this policy as rewarding the capitalize the exploits of those boys for their own selfish in­ tried and true amongst the enlisted force. · terests. '1\Ien who are backing this amendment are not asking All or the <'mergencies the corps has been called upon to meet have been met by the officers and .enlisted men m the most expeditious and you to reward the boys who are "going over the top." Tltere is efficient manner without either friction or confusion. '.rhese results not no suggestion here of promotion for the bo-ys who are dying on only vindicate the system of organization, but also reflect credit upon the fields of France; not a "\Yord about that. This amendment, ad­ those officers who are responsible for the maintenance, direction, and efficiency of the corps. _ vanced by the men who are to be benefitet.l, drafted by thf'm, log­ There are to-day on the firing lines in France no better trained, no rolled by them, have to do with the men who are in the bureaus braver, no more effective fighting force than our own marines now serv­ in Washington. not only in the burea:us at Washington but they ing there, and we hope their number may soon be largely increased. Both officers and men are anxious to go. Thorou~hly equipped and are actually nailed down in the bureaus. because under the law snlendldly trained as they are in the arduous methods of modern war­ you can not take one of the gentlemen who arc to receive tl~ts fare, we feel that theirs will be a service of results which the Nation recognition out of Washington at this time or at any other will always remember with ever-increasing pride. time until he retires. OFFICE OF ~AVA.L OPERATIONS. l\-lr. DE"\V ALT. \Vill the gentleman yield? Thus far in our report we have considered the operations of what may l\fr. KEATING. Yes. , be termed as the administrative side of the department, including the great bureaus. There remains to be considered the more strictly mili­ · Mr. DEWALT. Does the gentleman have any knowledge of tary administration of the Navy. who the other two gentlemen are? ln 1915 Congress, on the recommendation of the Naval Committee. l\fr. KEATING. I do not know, but the amendment I am talk­ created the Office of Naval Operations, not defining the duties of the chief, hut placing upon him responsibility for the maintenance of the ing about is the one giving the commandant of the l\Iarine Corps. fleet and for the preparation of plans for its use in war. The Secretary who so far as the record shows was never under fire, the rank of of the NaVY appointed Capt. William S. Benson, chief of operations, and lieutenant general and three staff officers the rank of major assigned five officers to aRs1;;t hlm. Capt. \Tolney 0. Chase was seniol aid for personnel and Capt. Josiah McKean for materiel. The Secretary general. Think of it, gentlemen, what a laughing stock you promulgated a new set of naval regulations, fixing the authority of the would make of yourselves to have the word go forth to the world Office of Operations and its relations to the bureaus of the department. that a man who has neyer been under fire, although the com­ Cong1·ess by subsequent legislation provided for the assignment of a larger number of officers to duty in the Office of Naval Operations, tmd mandant of a fighting force, has been made a lieutenant general, further that orders issued by the chief of operations in the name of and· that certain gennemen with him, who under the law can not "the Secretary should have the same authority as if issued by the Secre­ be sent out of \Vashington, are to be made major generals. If -tary himself. This office bas thus become the factor for the coordina­ tion of effort between the bureaus, and in military matters of the Navy you udopt tb.is amendment it will be equivalent to telling the 1t has become the (lominant authority. boys who are doing the fighting that the way to win promotion If the Atlantic Fleet was ready for action on April 7, there is no ques­ in the Marine Corps is not to go to France, is not to serve in tion that its preparedn~ in both materiel and personnel was in great measure due to the directing force of the Office of Operations, and fur­ the training camps, but is to have sufficient social and political ther that plans for the mobilization of the fleet were ready for imme­ pull in the city of Washington so they may logroll their promo­ diate use. The support given by the department to Vice Admiral Sims tions through on an appropriation bill. goes by way of the Office of Naval OperatiQns. The support of the Atlantic Fleet goes by way of Naval Operations, and in all military I am in favor of the Marine Corps. I am in favor of the men matters pertaining to the Navy it is this office which, under the Secre­ who do the fighting, and I will vote now to confer any rank tary, gives the final direction. within reason upon the men who are· doing the fighting in France, The pronounced success of this office beyond question is due to the stron~ per onality ef its chief, Admiral Benson, the ranking officer of but I insist that those men must be recognized first before these the Navy. rocking-chair warriors are given these high positions. Except the general statement that Vice Admiral Sims has had every­ Mr. KEARNS. Will the gentleman yield? thing called for as promptly as it could be delivered, our committee has nothing to report about the condition of our over-seas fleet. Its splen­ Mr. KEATING. Yes. did work under the able airectlon of Admiral Sims will be told in detail Mr. KEARNS. Does the gentleman say that the officer or at some later time. officers to be benefited by this amendment have been asking We haye learned by personal observation, as well as by inquiry, some­ thing of the Atlantic Fleet; and we feel we can say that the condition Members of Congress to vote for the amendment? of ships and personnel, all things considered, is more than satisfactory. Mr. KEATING. Yes; I say that the Secretary of the Navy­ That this condition exists is due to Admiral l\.Iayo, its commander in and no gentleman will deny this-that the Secretary of the N~vy chief, and every officer and m.an under him. . W.hen war came, on April 7, Admiral Mayo ts quoted to have said: has refused to indorse this proposition; that after the Com­ "I did not give a single solit..'lry order of any kind or description to pass mander in Chief of the Navy had refused to indorse it Gen. the fleet from a peace to n war basis." Then came the disintegration of that excellent but too small personnel to meet the necessities of ex­ Barnett and other gentlemen, showing what excellent soldiers pansion. they are, in defiance of the expressed wish of their commanding The task of reconstructing and trnlning :it has been difficult, but we officer, went to Members of the American Congress and pleaded learn that officers and men have devoted themselves to this task with patience, endurance, pluck, and skill of the highest order. So well have that this amendment be placed in tlte bill. The Secretary of the they succeeded that we feel justified to report, "Sirs, all is well with Navy has not indorsed the proposition up to this good hour, and the fleet." · he will not indorse lt. (Signed) W. B. OLIVER, Chairman Subcommittee. l\Ir. KEARNS. Will the gentleman yield to me to state one w. w. VE~ABLE, incident? ADAM B. LITTLEPAGE, l\Ir. KEATING. Yes. _ JAliiES C. WILSON, FRED A. BRITTE~, Mr. KEARNS. I know of one incident where a boy, a private, JOHN A. PETERS, who wanted to get into the officers' training camp, was court­ FREDERICK C. HICKS, martialed because nt his solicitation a Member of the House Committee. wrote to the commanding officer asking him to take particular 1\Ir. PADGETT. I yielu to the gentleman from Colorado [!\fr. notice with a view to selecting him for the training school. KEATING] 10 minutes. l\fr. KEATING. Under the regulations, I have no doubt that 1\!r. KEATING. 1\!r. Speaker, the gentleman from Alabama occurred. [l\Ir. OLIVER] has just said that, in his judgment, if the Secretary Mr. KEAHNS, What right had the officer to court-martial a of the Navy had given thought to this subject he would have boy for doing that when-- · recommended the adoption of this amendment, because he would l\Ir. KEATING. I do not think the action was justified. have recognized that similar rank had been granted to the l\Ir. MEEKER. Mr. Speaker, I think in the light of the chiefs of the bureaus in the Navy. The hearings show that the charges made by the gentleman from Colorado, be should name Secretary of the Navy did consider that very !)Oint, and if you his authority. · ' will turn to page 722 of the hearings you will find that Secre· l\1r. KEATING. Oh, " the gentleman from Colorado " will tary Daniels said: name his nnthority. - The men who holll these positions- Mr. l\IEEKER. J have it on the absolute authority of men who know that the amendment was not kno"ll by these gentle­ That is, staff llOSitiuns in the l\farine Corps- men until after it was in the bill. are very capable and efficient men, but their duties are not relative to Mr. BUTLER. l\:U·. Speaker, I am a living \Vitness that this the dutles of the chiefs of the bureaus in the Navy. amendment was spoken of to me in my cffirc and also in this That is the 1·eason \Yhy Secretary Daniels refused to approve corridor. They spoke to me about this amendment :md asked the amendment. me to vote for it. Now, :my friends, let us see just what there is to this propo­ Mr. KEATING. A more convincing and more tt·uthful state­ sition. There has been enough lobbying in connection with this ment of the proposition could not be made. amendment by the men directly concerned, by the men who are Mr. BRITTEN. Will the gentleman yield? to secure t11e promotions, to justify the President of the Unitetl 1\lr. KEATING. Yes. States in ordering a court-martial. l\1r. BRITTEN. I understood the gentleman to say tllat That is the fact. I since the Commander in Chief of the Navy had voiced his opt1o-

• I I d 1918. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 7977 sition to this amendrncut the commandant of the :Marine Corps all the way through. So far as I am personnl1y concenH?t1, if had intercett knew at that time the Secretary of the Navy was op­ Ur. PADGETT. l\Ir. Speaker, I yield five minutes to the gen- posed to the proposed amendment. Gen. Barnett then started tleman from Virginia [l\lr. FLOOD]. . a campaign for the purpose of getting the amendment in. There Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, I am going·to Yote for this amenu­ is no question about it; it is a matter of documentary evidence. ment, because I believe the Marine Corps is the best branch of lli. BRITTEN. The amendment under consideration has our military service and the best fighting force in the wot·J

1\Ir. BUTLETI. I thank yon. . insuffic·ient to supply llie nitrates needed for llie Army alone, The SPEAKER. Now·, the g('ntleman from Tennessee mo\ and that the Army would haYe to depend for a considerable what? portion of its nitrates upon shipments from Chile. l\1r. F ..l.DGETT. To furthN' insist on its disagreement to He stated also that the Navy needed this; that it was essen­ Senate amendment 47. tial that they should have it; and that eYen with the production The SPEAKER. The gentleman moves that t11e House further that would come from this plant, the Nary would still have to in ·ist on its disagreement to Senate resolution No. 47. rely upon the shipments from Chile for a portion of its nitrate. l\1r. BRITTEN. Before the Chair puts the motion I would 1.\lr. FOSTER. Now, there has been a plant established at like to suggest to the ch::tirman of the Committee on Naval Niagara Falls; not .an American company, probably, but a Affair that these two amendments are yery materially different Canadian company. Do we get any of the products of that in their character in that the one just passed upon by the House factory in this country to be used for munitions? proYide.ssary expert, drafting, and clerical assist­ 1.\lr. PADGETT. And it would be used for the manufacture ance, $!>,1GO,OOO, to be available until cxpend,ed. of explosives after the war. The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman want to make a motion Mr. FOSTER. This is not a plant for emergency use? or not? l\Ir. PADGETT. It is for an emergency, but it is intended to Mr. PADGETT. I move that the House recede and concur in go beyond the emergency. Senate amendment 75. Mr. FOSTER. And be a permanent establishment? l\Ir. FOSTER. 1.\lr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? 1\Ir. PADGETT. Yes. 1\Ir. P A.DGB'l'T. Yes, sir. _ Mr. LONGWORTH. 1\Iay I ask a que tlon at that point? Mr. FOSTER. Does the gentleman know how many of 1\ir. P .ADGETT. Certainly. tlle e nitrate plants have been established by the GoYernment? 1\Ir. LONGWORTH. Is it contemplated that the NaYy De­ 1\Ir. PADGETT. There are· two working together at Muscle partment will operate this plant? Shoals, on the Tennessee River, in Alabama, and I understand Mr. PADGETT. Yes, sir. that there are two in Ohio. Mr. LONGvVORTH. I coultl not find that stntement in the Mr. FOSTER. Already in existence and operating? hearings. Mr. PADGETT. No, sir; they are in course of construction, 1\lr. P ....illGETT. That is co"!ltemplated .. I understand. Mr. LONGWORTH. This is not a question of prin:tte con­ l\Ir. FOSTEn.· Wel1, can -the gentleman inform tlie House tract? the capacity of those plants that have been established? Mr. PADGETT. No, sir. Mr. PADGETT. The Secretary of the Navy stated that they Mr. LONGWORTH. And the-refore the Gove-rnment v.ill own had been giving very careful inyestigation to this matter, and the plant after the war? ln conference with the board of which Mr. Baruch is president Mr. PADGETT. Yes, sir. Anu they expect to put it on the or the head-I believe it is the War Industries Board; at any Government property n t Indianbead, wl1ere they are manufac­ rate, it is the board that looks after the war industries-said that turing powder and explosh·es now. the nitrate situation is a very serious one; and he stated that Mr. LONGWORTH. Of cour e, the essential difference be­ the Army plants which were in course of construction would be t"ween this plant and the other plants heretofore e tabli ·he

Mr. FOSTER. It seems to me that a great deal of labor 1\lr. CA..NNON. Does the synthetic proce . to be u efl at could be secured in the West, for which they are now askin~ Muscle Shoals produce as good nitrate as the other proce ~ · to that the transportation be paid from the West to the East. Of be used at Indianhead? Are they botl1 nitrates? cour e, we know that a good many of these plants could not be 1\lr. LO..L .G,VORTH. Yes; but different pro es. located in the \Vest. A.s a matter of necessity they must be lli. CANNON. A c:ll.fferent proce ; bnt is. tile product nitrate located oyer here on the coast; but it seems to me 'there are in each ca e? many of these plants that ought to be located farther west, and 1\lr. FOSTER. Nitrate in each ca ~ e; yes. Admiral Earle that tl1ey might be able to secure labor to better advantage, and states here that it takes very much le ahor~epower than the elec­ can-y on these activitie better than they could by placing them trolytic proce -Qne-twenti~th for tile cyanamid proc s and an o"\"er here in the Ea t. one-hundredth for· the electrolytic proce ·. Tl1ere are seveml 1\Ir. CA.l\1NON. 'Will the gentleman from Tennessee yield? processes for making fixed nitrates from the air. The cyanamid :Mr. PADGETT. Yes. process takes one-twentieth o:f til~ hor epower~ 1Ur. C~TNO. "". I have some hesitancy in halting the House Mr. CANNON. Does not the gentleman think it might b ·well to a k a. question or two, but I should like to be educated a little to concur in this amendment with an amentiment reiJ aling the bit. In the fir t place, I should like to know when this plant legislation anthm·izing the Alabama project and repealing the will be finished? legislation, if it is by legi lation, autho1·izing the Cinc.inuuti Mr. P ADGE'l'T. They expect to be able to finish it within a project-they are going to do it here at Inui:rnhead with a few months. I do not remember the exact time, but in a short great deal less hor epower. time. 1\Ir. LONGWORTH. I will explain that. 1\Ir. CA.l\"'NO~. In a few months? Mr. CANNON I would lilre to be etiucated an<1 find out what lUr. PADGETT. Yes. the real facts are, and after the gentleman has mnue his e:\.l~lana- l\Ir. AN:~O:N. Then it is an improvement o¥er the Alabama tlon perhaps I will not have to ask any further question . If I plants in tilat respect. Somebody said they were hoping to fin- do, I will appeal to the gentleman from Tenne.. ee to yiehl me a ish those in five year . little more time-. l\Ir: PADGET'.r. \Ve are figuring on providing the nitrate for- Mr. LONGWORTH. Will the gentleman from Tenne ee yield our Nnyy powder only, and we hope to begin to ·upply it within me five minutes? eight months. Mr. PADGETT. I will. Mr. CA...l'y the that under some contract it was to be operated during the war opinion of all experts is known to be the be t and lea t ex­ under the contract system. But the pror>erty will be the property pensive process known to-day. of the Government. In regard to the plants so :far undertaken the \el-y lnrge Mr. LONGWORTH. If the gentleman will yield to me about amount of money which has so far been appropl'iated, about fiye minutes, I think I can, perhaps, explain the situation. ninety or one lt1mdretl miUion dollar. , is being used in the :Mr. CANNON. I should be \ery glad to have the in.struction. building of three plants-Qne known as plant No. 2 at Now, where are the e Ohio plants to be constructed? Muscle Shoal , and th€' other two 'lhich are two units of the Mr. PADGETT. I do not know the exact location-somewhere snme siz.e, the two together mak-ing the- eqnivalent of the one in Ohio. nt l\fuscle Shoals, which are to oo located in Ohio. Mr. BARKLEY. At Toledo and Cincinnati. I have not seen the contract under whlch these two Ohio Mr. PADGETT. But I understood from the gentleman from plants are to be built and operateE1, bot I understand that it is Ohio that they were operating under a yery similar contrnct. with the same individuals, and to all intents and pu:rpo es is the 1\lr. CA.l\'NON. When are they to be completed? same contract as that npplying to the pla.nt at l\Iu cle Shoal . Mr. p ADGETT. I do not know. I have not kept up with the Now, the Muscle Shoals proposition, as I have repeatedly sniu, Army side of it. 1 violates my idea of how a nitrate supply shoulu' be obtained. l\Ir. CAl:\<""NON. Does anybody know when they are to be com- In the first place, by being operated for their own profit by pri- pleted? vate individuals, and, in the second place, being based on a very Mr. PADGETT. The nitrate situation is a very serious one, . much more expensive way of manufu.ctnring nitrate. In brief, and I was looking after this for the Navy, because they said the contract rs made between the United States Government and that even when these plants were completed the Army could not a corporation known as the American Air Nitrates Corporation. furnish us any nitrates at all. · It is a. subsidiary of the American Cyanamid Co.t which owns ~lr. OAl-."'NON. We know that the Alabama project will not to-day the cyanamid process, and was formed because the Ameri- bc completed for five years. . can Oyanamicl Co.. wn.s unwilling to subject its property and as- 1\Ir. PADGETT. One of them will, ar:W t11e other one will not. sets to liability in th~ construction and operation o:f the plants. Th~ smaller one, as it is called, will be completed in a short time. The American Cyanamid Co. takes no risk whatever. All the I saw in tile paper the other day that they would be ready for American Cyanamid Co. does is to furnish, when the plant is v:ork in a yery short time. But the larger one, which depend.s completed by the American Air Nitrates .Jo., some of the men,

upon the large dam that Is to be put directly across the river, 1 machinery, processes, and matel'ials to be used for the opeTation will not l>e ready for operation for several years, I presume. of this plant when completed. :Mr. CA..L~NON. From what I have read it takes very little The American Ak Nitrates Corporation, which is a corpora- power to operate the plant providee. t11e million dollars is to be paid :for? Mr. CA.!..'·I'NON. Precisely. Now, this does not require much 1\IJ:. LONG,VORTH. It is to be p-aid the American Nitrates: powffi'. Does the gentleman know how muclt power is required? Corporation, with a capital of $1,000, for tHeir services in super- Mr. PADGETT. For this one? ' vi ing the- consi:I'TI~tion of the Government plant. They put no Mr. OANNON. Yes. money them elves into it, but the Government furnishes ali tl1e ~Ir . PADGETT. They said about one-twentieth of the power money. It iJ a charge for supervision. required for· the yntlletic process. I ha

Mr. LONGWORTH. That is exactly what I · have ·been saying Mr-. HELM. Will the gentleman yield? If this 100,COO­ several times. pound powder plant blows up, as they are in the habit. of doing, Mr. EDMONDS. No; the gentleman said the cyanamid com­ what will happen to the plant? pany got 3! per cent on the contract. Then they again sublet Mr. CANNON. Thls is to be separate from the powder plant, the contract on a cost-plus basis to subcontractors for the entire as I understand it, and in no way connected with it. erection of the plant. 1\fr. ·HELM. It is in the same place, down here at Indian­ Mr. LO~GWORTH. That I do not know. It may be so.· head. :Mr. EDMONDS. I think the gentleman will find that so it Mr. CANNON. Indianhead means a pretty large scope of he goes to investigate it. country. I take it fo1· granted they would not build it up next 1\lr. BLAND. Will the gentleman yield? to the powder house or where powder was stored or being made. 1\lr. LONGWORTH. I wilL . Now, I think in the future, from the insufficient information I 1\fr. BLAND. Is it not also true that the two plants contem­ have about the construction of these nitrate plants under the plated in Ohio and the two at Muscle Shoals and the plant at stress· of war, and the Alabama projects and, as I understand Indianhead, the five of them, will not make near enough nitrates it, the Ohio project, if the war does not last longer than four or to supply the demand in t11e United States? five years, they will not be needed for war purpose . I do not 1\Ir. LONGWORTH. I think they will probably, when. operat­ know; I think a good many of us will be out of Congress before ing. mnke about enough, so far as our needs are now known. that time comes; but I think I can play the rOle of a successful l\Ir. PADGETT. It is said· not. p1·ophet when I say that the rocks and mountains will fall on 1\lr. LONGWORTH. Possibly not. I am not criticizing the somebody who, in the name of war and carrying on this war, \ery large development of our supply of nitrate. We must are making these extraordinary expenditures, I fear, not to have it, and we must get it in any way we can g-et it now. But win the war but to deplete the Treasury. I am criticizing in some cases the location of some of these. Mr. PADGETT. We went into it very fully nnd carefully, 111ants. I do criticize the selection, as I have repeatedly, of and the amendment of the gentleman contemplating the repeal of l\Iuscle Shoals as a spot in which to put a plant which needs a existing law would not be in order, and I would not wnnt to Yery large amount of power, where there is no developed power undertake it. I ask for a vote. nnll can not be for· five years to come. Now, that is the differ­ The SPEAKER. The question is on receding and concurring ence between that and the two Ohio plants. There is near both in Senate amendment No. 75. locat ions in Ohio n vast power already developed. There is no The Senate amendmept No: 75 was concurred in. question ubout that. , Mr. PADGETT. :Mr. Speaker, I ask that Senate amendment Mr. SMITH of Micl1igan. Would it not be good policy to No. 100 be reported. place the e plants where they could be operated by cheap water The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report it. pO'Iver? The Clerk read as follows: Mr. LOL -GWORTH. Perhaps so, but it is now too late to Senate amendment No. 100: Page 63 of the bill, after line 9, insert change. Fortunately the plant we are now considering does the following : uot need a larj!e cheap water power. "For the building of or providing for the construction of a railroad to connect the naval proving ground and the naval Rmokeless powder The SPEAKER. The time of the gentle.man from Ohio [Mr. factory at Indianhead, Md., with e:rlsting or contemplated railway lines, Lo~mwonTH] has again expired. under terms and conditions satisfactory to ihe Secr(:'tary of the Navy, Mr. CANNON. 111r. Speaker, I would like a little time. authority being granted for the immediate condemnation of the nee ssary 1\Ir. P ADGE~"'T. How much time would the gentleman from right of way, $550,000." Illinois li)re? Mr. ROBBINS. ::M:r. Speaker, let us have some explanation ~Ir. CANNON. I would like about five minutes. of that item. Mr. PADGETT. I yield five minutes to the gentleman from Mr. PADGETT. Mr. Speaker, I want to make a statement in Illinoi . regard to that. That is intimately connected with the nitrate l\lr. BRITTEl~. lUr. Speaker- plant and aLso witb the manufacture of powder at the present The SPEAKER. For what purpose does the gentleman from time, For months the only tran ~ portation to Indianhead has Tilinois rise? been difficult. The transportation at all times is by water, 1\fr. BRITTEN. Will the gentleman from illinois withhold carrying freight up the river by tugs. During the past winter for half a second while' I make a unanimous-consent request, there were a number of times when they were in desperate please? straits for getting their materials there anu getting their prod­ 1\lr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that I may extend my ucts away. It is very essential to have railroacl communication. remarks in the RECORD on the subject of the 1\:ln.rlne Corps. This amendment proposes for the Government to build and own The SPEAKER. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The n road of 14 miles to connect with the Penn yl'mnia road. The Chair bears none. . Government will own the road. . Mr. OLIVER of Alabama. Mr. Speaker, I make the same Mr. ROBBINS. Does that contemplate the building of ~ rond request. _ from Indianhead to Washington? The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Alabama makes the Mr. PADGETT. No, sir. It is a different project. It i..o;; to same request. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The Chair run from Indianhead to a place called Pope's Creek Station, hears none. about 14 miles, to connect with the other road. It is ab oluteiY' 1\lr. CANNON. Now, after all these explanations, as near essential that we should ha>e it, but there should be some amend­ as I can find out, it is $45,000,000 for the Alabama plant. ment to it, and I am going to move to still further insist; but at 1\!r. 1\fADDEN. It is $45,000,000 for tllis Ohio plant. the same time I am stating that this is a matter that should be Mr. CANNON. I did not so understand it. I understand it is agreed to. $45,000,000 for the Alabama plant and as much more for the I want to ask unanimous consent of the House that the appro­ Ohio plant. Is that so 'l priation that the Senate put in of $550,000 may be reported by Mr. PADGETT. I do not know how much is provided for the· the conferees at $850 000, for the simple reason that this $550.000 Ohio plant. That is in the Army and I have not kept up with it. was an estimate made after a h:lsty survey. and upon a more Mr. CA.t'rn"ON. Very well. Then we have $90,000,000 for careful survey and more thorough investigation it is found that the Alabama and Ohio plants, arul this plant at Indianhead is it will require $850,000 to do this work instead of $550,000 ; and to co t $9.000,000. Now, how much of capacity is this pia.!lt to make an appropriation of $550,000 would simply neces itat:e •1oing to have? bringing in a deficiency later on. I want to deal frankly with Mr. PADGETT. Sufficient for 100,000 pounds of powder the House. a day. 1\lr. STAFFORD. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield 'l Mr. CA..i'lffiON. I can not tell fl·om that the product we are Mr. PADGETT. Yes. to have in five years from the Alabama plant or the Ohio plant. Mr. STAFFORD: Is tllis the same propo al that wa.S em­ Ur. PADGE'l'T. I can not give the gentleman the figures as bodied in a bill reported from the gentleman's committee some to the other plant. time ago? ::\lr. CAJ..~ON. But I do know this: If you could rely upon the . l\Ir. PADGETT. It is not. statement that enough nitrate can be furnished to make 100.000 Mr. STAFFORD. A propo al proviiling for aid to a railroad pound of powtler a da_y-can be furnished by the plant at In­ that was projected to run from the District here down to . orne dianhencl to be constructed by the Government in 90 days, place on the river? wldle the Government plants, costing to construct $90,000,000, 1\Ir-. PADGETT. No; it is not. It is entirely different. to be 1i.nishet1 Gotl only knows when-does not the gentleman Mr. STAFFORD. What was that proposal? think we hall better cnncel t11e Government contracts to con­ 1\Ir. PADGETT. The propo al tl1ere was that u private com­ .·truc:t the Alabama and Ohio plants? pany -would construct a road from a point on the Baltimore & 1918. CONGRESSION ~L RECORD-·. HOUSE. 7983

Ohio Railroad near the Distri~t line, 5 or 6 miles out of Wash­ ·Mr. CO~'NELLY of Kan. as. No; $7,500 for· architect, $35,000 ington, and run down the east bank of t11e Potomac to Indian­ for Newport News Railroad right of way, and the e timates head anu on through Indianhead to Newport News, Va. they have made. 1\!r. 'TAFFORD. That was proposed to reach the same ob­ 1\lr. PADGETT. The gentleman is speaking of the old pro­ ject that i designed by this provision? ject, he is not talking about the present one. 1\fr. PADGETT. Yes; but at that time the company that was Mr. CON~TELLY of Kansas. The reason I am ca11ing atten­ makin"' that proposal had not collapsed. It has collapsed finan­ tion to this' is to give the committee some idea of tile accuracy cially since then, and they are not able to get the money to carry of the estimates we got. 1\lay I ask the chairman of the com­ out their proposal. mittee what the entire lengt11 is to Indlanhead? Thi is for the Government itself to build its own road and 1\Ir. PADGETT. To go around I think it is about G4! mile.<::. own it and operate it from the powder factory and nitrate plant Mr. CONNELLY of Kansas. The chairman will remember at Inuianhead to the connection with the Pennsyl\ania Railroad. that in the :fir.st estimate snbmittell to the committee one of t11e Mr. STAFFORD. W11at estimate or report has the gentleman items they insisted on that was essential was that they could a~ to the cost that this project of a Government-constructed line transport the laborer to and from Indianhead. Does the chail:­ '"'ill ultimately cause the Government to bear? man believe that this will serve any purpose in that.line? Mr. PADGET'J'. I stated $850,000. Mr. PADGETT. It will include it, but not to the same extent Mr. STAFFORD. What is that based upon? that it would if it had built the road o\er the 28 miles. '.rhe 1\lr. PADGET£. It is based- upon the estimates that were other project was a project to construct the road 28 miles from made as a result Of the surveys down there. 'Va hington, and the Go\ernmeut was to agree to furnish so Mr. STAFFORD. Does that include rolling stock and otller much fT·eigllt for a period of six years. That wllole thing has equipment nece sary for. thls 14-mile line of railroad? collapsed, but the pressing need is o great that the Government Mr. PADGETT. They have the engines already down tllere. has proposed to b~ild this road where they say they can builll 1\lr. BUTLER. It is just to build 14 miles. · it within a few days. Mr. PADGETT. Yes; they llave the engines and the cars l\lr. CONNELLY of Kansas. The testimony before the subcom­ down there now that they have to use around the yard, and mittee was that they needed it whether the river was open or not. this would be used as a terminal or yard line going out of the l\Ir. STAFFORD. It has been stated to me privately that Indiauheacl yard to connect with the main line of the railroad. $850,000 is tile proposal by a priyate concern to build the road. l\1r. BUTLER. Will the gentleman yield to me for just a Does that include the cost and the right of way? minute, to make a statement to the gentleman from 'Visconsin? Mr. PADGETT. Yes. l\fr. PADGETT. Yes. Mr. STAFFORD. Has the right of way been obtained? l\Ir. BUTLER I stood out for a long time again ·t tile con­ Mr. PADGETT. I do not know; it has been surveyed. struction of a railroad to Indianhead, but Jet me say to my Mr. l\1UDD. They survey llas all been made.. It is in my dis­ friend that it i absolutely necessary. We can not reach Indian­ trict, and I think the right of way has been obtained. head unless we build this railroad. We can build one that will Mr. PADGETT. I do not know whether the right of way has cost perhaps $3,000,000 and require perhaps a year to complete, been obtained or not. · and the Secretary of the Navy earnestly urges us to assist him Mr. STAFFORD. There has been no appropriation made • in getting to this great powder factory at Indianhead. There­ whereby it could be obtained. · fore, I will say ftu·ther to my friend, I have followed the. Secre· Mr. PADGETT. It appears that it is in tbe estimates for tary of the Navy, as I am doing in everything at this time. He $19,000 for right of way. We ilid not appropriate for it. is responsible, and I shall vote in favor of tl1is amendment. Mr. STAFFORD. It is a single-track railroad? l\1r. STAFFORD. As I recall the report tl].at the gentleman's Mr. PADGETT. Yes. committee submitted in connection with aid to be rendered to a Mr. COOPER of Wisconsin. Mr. Speake!', I would like to be private railroad to reach this same ground-- heard a moment on this. 1\lr. BUTLER. That blew up. Mr. PADGETT. I yield :fiye minutes to the gentleman from 1\fr. STAFFORD. In the report submitted in connection with 'Vi consin. that bill it was argued that the main reason why this aid should Mr. COOPER of Wisconsin. l\lr. Speaker, this is the fourth be giYen was the difficulty of access dul,'ing the. winter months, time that this proposition has been before the Hou e. Three but tllat there were ample accommodations to reach that ground times it has failed to pass. It first apf)eared on the Unanimous during the open season of navigation. Consent Calendar. Then it was a bill providing for the con­ Mr. PADGETT. Leave out the word" ample." struction of _a railroad from Indianhead into the city of Wash-. l\11". STAFFORD. Of course a railroad would give facilities ington or the District of Columbia, the terminus to be anywhere additional to the river accommodations. that an unnamed railroad company might see fit to locate it. Mr. PADGETT. The l earings show, and I have a letter re­ Of course this was to be with the consent of the Secretary of ceived just a few days ago from Admiral Earle stating that they the Navy, but because of· his great burden of dutie , his action are continually in stress and on the very point of shutting down in this case would of necessity be pe1'functory. As I said, that becau e of the lack of tran portation, alld he urges it upon me. was a proposition to build a railroad from Indianhead to some We had a hearing before the committee in which it developed unknown terminus anywhere in Washington or the District, that it would require $850,000 instead of the $550,000 reported the location to be left absolutely to the Secretary and this un­ by the Senate committee. named company. . A few moments ago we learned that after the Mr. STAFFORD. Has the gentleman any positive assurance failure of that bill to pass this company collapsed. or any authoritative information that $850,000 will be all that This proposition came up agaln on the 20th of April as a para­ will be needed for the building of this railroad? graph in the naval bill, when that measure was before the House. 1\ir. PADGETT. Admiral Earle so stated. and the hearings During that debate I said that there was a. provision in the bill show that there was a bid from a responsible concern for that which as presented ought to be defeated. Here is what I said. amount. , I now rend from the RECORD : Mr. STAFFORD. Was that merely for grading, or for the Look on page 48. It occupies the entire page. It is a proposition to glve the Secretary, of the Navy complete authority to permit an un­ ties and rails? named railroad company to build a road into the city and have its Mr. PADGETT. It was for the road completed, ready to put terminus at an unmentioned place anywhere in Washington or the Dis­ the rolling stock onto it. trict that he or the unnamed railroad company may decide to locate it. l\11·. STAFFORD. This is u project that has not been con­ A little later in the discussion, before we had reached page 48, sidered by the Naval Affairs Committee. It is another instance the gentleinan from Tennessee [1\ir. PADGETT] · rose and said : of tmnlening dow'Il the na' al appropriation bill with legislative Mt·. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to strike from the bill propo itions that the full committee has not passed upon, and without reading the provision on page 48. . Mr. JoHNSO~ of Kentucky. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman please forcing the Congress on the spur of the moment to consider it state why he does that? without that thorough consideratiJ >n that many of these projects Mr. PADGETT. I understand that other arrangements have been made demand. to build the railroad. I understand the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. 1\11'. CONNELLY of Kansas. If tl1e gentleman will permit, is going to build a road on its own account down there. Mr. BUTLER. That is, the railroad ·proposition. in the estimate submitted to the committee, amounting to some­ Mr. PADGET'!. Yes. thing like $1,000,000, there was $5,000 a mile in the fu·st esti­ The CILURMAN. The gentleman from Tennessee asks unanimous con-. sent to strike from the bill, without reading it, all of page 48. Is there mate made for drawing blue prints, and overseeing, and so on. objection? , · Now, they come back and say it can not be built for that. ThPre was no objection. 1.\lt·. STAFFORD. Does the gentleman mean the blue-print So it \Yas stricken out. A \ery few minutes later I said­ cost? · Does the motion· of the gentleman from Tennessee to strike out in- 1\Ir. CO~"'NELLY of Kansas. It does not say blue print, but clucle all of the paragraph on page 48? it snr .'7,500 for an architect-- The CHAinMAN. The entire page. Mr. COOPER of Wisconsin. That is the one to which I called attention. Mr. STAFFORD. Per mile1 !Il:. PADGETT. That is it. .. 7984 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE. JU ~ \E 18,

_ ( - ·- · - . It fi rst came up on the Unanimous Con ent Calendar and, on out without taking time to h:we it read nn

~ 1\.lr. STAFFORD. The committee, of whicll the gentleman is 1\fr. ROBBINS. I am glad to hear of that, but I was directing an honored member, has never considered this proposition. I my attention to thts harbor. think the House is entitled to some facts, even though the facts :iY.lr. SEARS. The purpose was to increase the width of tile are stated in the sup11lementary hearings the subcommittee has harbor from 400 to 800 feet. had. Mr. ROBBINS. How deep is the water? Mr. PADGETT. I am trying to state them and give the gen­ Mr. SEARS. Twenty-six: feet in the 400 wie no base for submarines, you may say, south of Norfolk; 1\fr. ROBBINS. I wanted to clear up tllose facts. I see the we have nothing at all In t11e Caribbean and the Gulf. If we had sub­ Secretary of the Navy, on page 738 of the hearings, in reply to marine troubles in any of those waters, we have no base for our sub­ marines, and no well-equipped place to repair them and keep them in a question of the chairman, is quoted in regard to that. I quote: shape. A submarine is like a baby; you have to sit up with it nights. The CHAIRMAN. That place, then, is re.,crarded by yourself, by the board, Admiral Benson, after the question of defending our coast with sub­ and by all the naval officers ns a ·strategic and important point on the marines became more acute, ur~ cl that that be included. South Atlantic, the Gulf and Caribbean coasts? And they go on at length with it, and he just simply nmpli­ Secretary DANIELS. Yes. tie -- The Secretary replied to that," Yes." So that the Secretary of 1\lr. STAFFORD. Is the-re any of this appropriation to be the Navy seems to approve it and the committee seems to ap­ u ed for dredging purposes, similar to the project at Chal.'les­ prove it. ton? Is this one of the shallow-water projects for the develolJ­ Mr. PADGETT. Yes; the Secretary approves of it strongly, ment of some interior land project down there? . and the board of naval officers, including Admiral Beuson, ap­ • Mr. PADGETT. No; this is not for dredging. proved it. Mr. STAFFORD. Is it something like that at Cape May, :arr. ROBBINS. It seems to me to be an exposed position for where the engineers report that they had great difficulty in a submarine base, but I defer to the superior knowledge of the keeping the channel open, but nevertheless the Navy Depart­ naval officials. ment selected that as a submarine base? Mr. PADGETT. Mr. Speaker, I mo\e that we further insist Mr. PADGE'l'T. This was selected because they haT"e nothing on our disagreement. south of Norfolk. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Tennessee moves that Mr. STAFFORD. I am citing a parallel case, at Cape May, the House further insist on its disagreement. The question is where the engineers show that the shoals arise there by reason on agreeing to that motion. of storms, and they have great difficulty because of them in The motion was agreed to. maintaining an open channel, and yet the department selected ORDER OF DUSTh"'ESS. that as a submarine base. Mr. PADGETT. Mr. Speaker, it is now half past 5, and I Mr. PADGETT. We will not have any such trouble with this. understand a. number of Members want to go. I wunt to ask 1\Ir. ROBBINS. I have been at Key West, and 'my experience unanimous consent to dispense with Calendar Wednesday to­ down there leayes me to think it is largely of co1·al formation. morrow and that we may then take up this conference report l\1r. PADGETT. There is no tilling up. and dispose of it. Mr. ROBBINS. It is a sort of formation that it would be Mr. GILLETT. The gentleman means to dispense with impossible to dredge with any degree of satisfaction. Does it · Calendar Wednesday until this is completed, not to dispense not fill up again? with it entirely? l\Jr. PADGETT. It does not silt at all. When they get the Mr. PADGETT. I am perfectly willing to do that; but the water there, it is permanent. chairman of the committee that has the call said he was willing l\1r. ROBBINS. The testimony on page 737 says: to dispense with it for the whole day. At present only very Inadequate facilities arc available for the usc of suuma.rlnes based at Key West. Mr. AI.EXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I understand that the two bills that I expect to call up have a privileged status, and it is ·what do you mean to do in order to make adequate facilities? understood that I may call them up for consideration after the 1\Ir. PADGETT. We have got to have some repair shops and naval appropriation bill is disposed of. With that understand­ piers and docks for them to go alongside of, and basins. ing I am willing that Calendar Wednesday shall be dispensed 1\fr. ROBBINS. And he says: with to-morrow. Sea walls, breakwater, finger piers, officers' quarter-s, enlisted men's barracks; and the extension of a yard-se1·vice ystem to serve these Air. HELM. Mr. Speaker, there is on the calendar a bill structures. providing for the taking of the fourteenth census, and under Mr. P ADGE'l'T. All of those things are set out on page 738. the Constitution it is a privileged bill. I have been very con­ You will see them there in full. siderate and indulgent and have tried to be as good ns I could Air. ROBBINS. Is not Key West a very exposed place? with persons who had bills that were not privileged, and I do I found it windy and sandy and with waves dashing around it. not want to interfere with the arrangements of anyone; but at I think it is a bad place for a submarine base. the first opportunity I propose to insist upon the consideration Mr. PADGETT. It project out to the farthest point we have of that bill. It has a privileged status, and it is a bill that on the south coast, several hundred miles farther out than any has to be passed at this session of Congress. If it is not passed other point, and it guards that channel, of about 80 or 90 miles, at this session it will be absolutely impossible to pass it at the that enters into the Gulf of Mexico. And also it is important short session of this Congress. The decennial period begins for the transit of ships to the Panama Canal. It is the nearest July 1, 1919. There is a recess just ahead of us, and if this point we can get for their defense and protection. bill is not passed before that recess, when we come back here :Mr. SEARS. Admiral Benson also said that a submarine base to pass the revenue bill the membership will be wanting to get there would protect a radius of 1,000 miles. back into the campaign, and I am going to insist as vigorously Mr. PADGETT. Yes. · as I can upon the consideration of that bill. . Mr. SEARS. As far as the harbor tilling in 1s concerned, the The SPEAKER. Now, does the gentleman know we arc harbor there has not had any improvement on it since 1912, and going to have a recess? still is not filled up. It does not fill up. That coral formation is Mr. HELM. I think the cards are pretty well set that way, solid. from what I can gather. Mr. ROBBINS. I lmow that; but the corals have not ceased Mr. ALEX..t\NDER. If the gentleman will permit, the ma­ to work. jority leader [1\Ir. KITCHIN] was on the floor this morning and Mr. SEARS. Evidently it does not fill rapidly because it is told me that he wanted me to call up the two bills to which I the depth now that it had in 1912. The appropriation I secured have referred, reported from the Committee on the Merchant is ouly to widen the harbor and not to deepen it. It is the same Marine and Fisheries, which have a privileged status, imme­ depth of approximately 30 feet now that it had in 1912. No diately following the naval appropriation bill, and he wanted the money for the purpose of maintenance has been spent on that census bill to follow those two bills, and wanted all three bills haTuor since that time, which is proof conclusive that it does not to be passed this week. till up, at least very rapidly. Mr. HELM. As I understand, the gentleman from 1\lissouri, l\lr. ROBBINS. " 7hat amount did the gentleman get in the whose two bills have a privileged status, can not interfere with riYer and harbor bill this year to improve that harbor? committees that have a privileged bill. His bills can not inter­ Mr. SEARS. Two hundred and thirty-two thousand dollars. fere with a conferenc~ report and would not interfere with a 1\lr. ROBBINS. Is that for dredging? bill that bas a privileged status, as the census bill has, under 1\It·. , 'TAFFORD. The gentleman has been renominated anu the Constitution, which requires that the enumeration must be no doubt will be reelected. made every 10 years. ·.7986 ~ r CONGR.ESSION AL RECORJ)-HOUSE. J NE i8,

1\fr. PADGETT. I think it can all be worked out. 1\Ir. LEA. '\"E TO EXTEND BE~IARKS. Speaker, I want to renew my request that Calendar 'Vednesuay By unanimous con ent, Mr. L01~mYORTH and l\lr. KEATING business be dispensed with to-morrow. were gi\en lea-re to revise and extenu their remarks in . the 'l'he SPEAKER. Tlie gentleman from Tenne see asks unani­ HECORD. mous consent to dispense with Calendar Wednesday business to­ ME SAGE FRO?.£ THE SEN ATE. morrow. 1\lr. GARNER. .1\.Ir. Speaker, may I suggest to the gentleman A me sage from the Senate, by Mr. Waldorf, its enrolling from Tennessee [Mr. PADGETT] that he change his request and clerk, announced that the Senate had pas eel without amend­ ask that he be permitted to finish the consideration of his hill ment joint resolution (H. J. Res. 70) authorizing the erection to-morrow, and then let whatever may be left of Calendar on the public grounds in the city of Wa hington, D. C., of a Wednesday come up in the regular order? statue of James Buchanan. Mr. PADGETT. I am perfectly willing to do that, as far as I ENROLLED BILL SIGNED. am concerned. . Mr. LAZARO, from the Committee on Em·olleu Bill , reporteu The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Tennessee asks unani­ that they had examined and found truly enrolled bill of the mous consent that, notwithstanding Calendar 'Vednesday, this following title, when the Speaker signed the same: conference report shall be in order in the morning. Is there H. R.11284. An act to authorize aids to navigation and for objection? other works in the Lighthouse Service, and for other pmposes. Mr. ALEXANDER. I do not want to agree to that unle it is A.DJOUR!.''I' MENT. understood that if these two bills have not been disposed of to­ morrow I may cull them up on Thursday. Mr. PADGETT. :Mr. Speaker, I moye that the Hon e do now Mr. GARNER. The gentleman already has that pri"r11eged, adjourn. status for his bills under unanimous consent, whether it is to­ The motion was agreed to; accor

By 1\lr. _POLK: A blll (H. R. 12-!97) to pre-vent corrupt prac­ By 1\lr. HAl\flLTON of 1\fichigan: Petition of sundry citizens tices in the election of Senators, Representatives, or Delegates of the State of Michigan, protesting against the zone-system in Congress; to the Committee on Election of President, Vice amendment to the war-revenue act and asking for its repeal; to Pre ·ident, and Representatives in Congress: the Committee on Ways and Means. - _ By Mr. SELLS: A bill (H. R. 12498) to pension widow and By Mr. 1\f.AHER: Resolution of New York ·Association of minor children of any officer or enlisted man who served in the Women Workers, advocating the establishment of a national War with Spain or the Philippine insurrection; to the Commit­ conserTatory of music and art; to (Jle Committee on the Library. tee on Pensions. Also, petition and statement of 0. E. Wilson, president Iowa By l\lr. CRAGO: A bill (H. R. 12499) providing for pay Division, Farmers Educational and Cooperative Union of Amer­ and nllowances to certain otncers and enlisted man of the Army ica.; I. N. McCollister, president Farmers Educational and Co­ of the United States other than the Regular Army; to the operative Union of Louisiana; J. l\l. Collins, president Farmers Committee on Military A.ffail·s. State Union of Colorado; Louis Roether, secretary Farmers By l\Ir. OHARLES B. SMITH: Resolution (H. Res. 398) re­ State Union of Colorado; and D. E. Lyday, president Farmers questing the Secretary of State to furnish the House in­ Educational and Cooperative Union of Texas, asking that all formation regarding the diversion of water from Niagara Rh·er laws restricting or interfering with labor coming into the "Gnite1l by .the Province of Ontario; to the Committee on Foreign States be suspended during the war; to the Committee on Immi­ Affairs. gration and Naturalization. By l\1r. OR.Al\ITON: Resolution (H. Res. 399) requesting the By 1\Ir. ROBBINS: Resolutions of citizens of Latrobe, Pa., Pr{' ·iatll law; to the tion of materials and machinery for use in manufacture of in­ Committee on Ways and 1.\Ieans. toxirnting liquors or the transportation of such liquors; to the Committee on Interstate and l!~oreign Commerce. SENATE. PRIYATE BILLS Al~D RESOLUTIONS. 1\iED~ESDAY, i une 19, 1918. Under c·la.use 1 of Rule L~II, priYatc bills and resolutions w re introduced nnd se\erally referred as follows: The Clu:tplain, Rev. Forrest J. Prettrman, D. D., offered tlte By 1\Ir. DEWALT: A bill (H. R. 12500) granting an increase following prayer : of pE-nsion to William n. Mickley; to the Committee on Pen­ A1migllty God, in these perilous times w.e lift om hearts flay ions. by day to Thee. 'Ve have been called forth lJy the challenge By l\Ir. DOREl\IDS: .A bill (H. R. 12u01) granting a pension of Thy word. We have brought our be t anc.l laid it upon the to l\lagfla.lene Holden; to the Committee on Pension·. sacrificial altnr of the world's freedom, and when we hm-e _ By l\lr. FIELDS: A bill (H. R. 12502) granting an increase done all we still look to Thee for guidance anill (II. R. 12308) granting War, aml for otiler vurposes. This the Hr:conu sJww~, bnt I a pension to l\Iary St. Clair; to the Committee on lnYalid Pen­ notice that upon the calendar there is no reference to it as the sion ·.' unfinished business. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair is informetl hy PETITIO~S, ETC. lhe Secretary that the measure is now tile unfini ·lied lmsineK' t:nder clause 1 of Rule XXII, petitions and paper;· were laid of the Senate, aml it will be 1ai-!, Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States, of the Terri­ PUI110ses. tory of Hawaii, for the deportation of all aliens from the United The mes ·age also announced that the House had passed tile· States after the war, and nll aliens therein who are not loyal bill (S. 4127) to authorize the ,V. l\1. Hitter Luml>er Co., u to the United States during the war; to the Committee on corporation, to construct bridges across the branches and tril>n­ Immigration and Naturalization. taries of tile Big Sandy River and their tributaries, in the coun· By Mr. DALE of Vermont: Petition of the Vermont Society, ties of Buchanan and Dickenson, in tlle State of Yirgiuin, with Sons of the American Revolution, favoring legislation to sup­ amendments, in which it requested the concurrence of tht! press the publication and circulation of papers and periodicals Senate. pulJlishecl in the German language; to the Committee on the PETITIOXS .AXD l>IEMOni.ALS. Judiciary. 1\lr.- CUl\IMI.NK l\1r. President, I present a re ·olution auoptell Al o, petition of State Women's Union No. 15187, of South by the executive board of the Dubuque County Equal Suffrnge Poultney; of M. P. Boyce, of Ascutne~rville; and of Bertha L. Association, of Iowa, in the nature of a protest against undue Washburn, of South Royalton, all in the State of Vermont, delay on the part of the Senate in consjdering and adopting the ·favoring the repeal of the zone system of postal rates on proposed amendment to the Constitution pl'onding for equal periodicals; to the Committee on Ways and Means. suffrage. I ask that it be printed in the REcono. By Mr. DELANEY: Resolution ·of the Women.'s Auxiliary, l\Ir. Sl\IITH of Arizona. I shall ha\e to o!Jject to that r('(Juest. Sewanaka Democratic Club, of Brooklyn, N. Y., urging that A copy of the petition is pro!Jably on the desk of e,·ery ~euator. all boys in the military service of tile country be allowed free If tile Senator will' look at the first page of the llF.COlill of yes­ transportation on all railroads; to the Committee on Interstate terday's proceedings, h_e will see how a brief statement is gh·cH nnd 11'oreign Commerce. · of every petition and memorinl without printing them in the B~- 1\ir. D09LITTLE: Petition of '' ~anshara. Church, - Har­ RECORD in full. veyville, Kans., for the enactmE-nt of war prohibition legisla­ 1\fr. CU1\BH~S. This pat·ticular resolution would nr.t take tion; to the Committee on the J1.tdiciat·~-. more_thau three lines in the TIEco:r.o. LVI--GOO