DOCSLIB.ORG

Role of Faba Bean ( Vicia Faba L.) for Intensification of Cereal- Based Cropping Systems in the Humid Highlands of Ethiopia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Role of Faba Bean ( Vicia Faba L.) for Intensification of Cereal- Based Cropping Systems in the Humid Highlands of Ethiopia View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Ghent University Academic Bibliography Supervisors: Prof. dr. ir. Pascal Boeckx Isotope Bioscience Laboratory (ISOFYS), Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University, Gent, Belgium Prof. dr. ir. Jan Diels Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Belgium Dean: Prof. dr. ir. Guido Van Huylenbroeck Rector: Prof. dr. Anne De Paepe Amsalu Nebiyu Woldekirstos Role of faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) for intensification of cereal- based cropping systems in the humid highlands of Ethiopia Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor (PhD) in Applied Biological Sciences Dutch translation of the title: Rol van fababonen ( Vicia faba L.) voor intensivering van teeltsystemen op basis van granen in de vochtige hooglanden van Ethiopië Illustration on the front cover: The faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) crop at early flowering in the highlands of Dedo, Southwestern Ethiopia Citation: Amsalu Nebiyu, 2014. Role of faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) for intensification of cereal-based cropping systems in the humid highlands of Ethiopia. PhD thesis, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium, 201p. ISBN 978-90-5989-686-4 The author and promoters give the authorization to consult and copy parts of this work for personal use only. Every other use is subject to copyright laws. Permission to reproduce any material contained in this work should be obtained from the author. Acknowledgements First of all I would to thank the almighty GOD for his grace, love, strength and patience he gave me to do this work. I am sincerely indebted to my promoters Prof. Dr. ir. Pascal Boeckx at UGent and co-promoter Prof. Dr. ir. Jan Diels at KU Leuven for their guidance from the inception to its completion. This work would not have been successfully accomplished without their constant visits and follow up during the field experimentation, unreserved guidance in developing manuscripts, their priceless comments and patience in correcting and editing the entire chapters. With his busy schedule, Pascal’s office was always open for assistance when I needed any help. I would like also to thank the members of the examination committee: Prof. Emmanuel Frossard (ETH, Zürich), Dr. Bernard Vanlauwe (IITA, Nairobi), Prof. Geert Haesaert (Ugent), Prof. Stefaan De Neve (Ugent), Prof. Dirk Reheul (Ugent) and Prof. Peter Bossier (Ugent) for their patience to critically review the thesis. The observant comments were very useful to improve the final manuscript. The research work reported in this thesis was sponsored by the Flemish Inter-University Council (VLIR) in collaboration with Jimma University (JU), Ethiopia. I am very grateful to VLIR for the financial support and JU for giving me the opportunity and study leave to pursue my study. My study has much benefited from the wholehearted administrative work of VLIR-IUC staff members both from South (JU) and North (Belgium). Thank you very much Jemal Abafita, Boka Assefa and Kassahun Eba, during your respective terms as IUC-JU program manager. Helke i Acknowledgments Baeyens and Mira Jashari are also duly acknowledged for their efficient scholarship management. I wish to express my heart-felt gratitude to Hari Ram Upadhayay for his valuable contributions during the greenhouse study to determine the B-values . On top of that, his cheerful friendship and laughter is unforgettable. My gratitude also goes to the entire staff of ISOFYS for the nice atmosphere in the lab, with special thanks to Erik Gillis for his helpfulness, Katja Van Nieuland for her organizational talent, enthusiasm and 15 N and P analysis, and Saskia Van der Looven for her unreserved efforts to handle my administrative issues in UGent. The Flemish MSc students Niels Jacobs, Adeline Vandorpe and Davy Polfliet deserve my words to sincerely thank for their valuable contribution both in the field at Jimma and laboratory works at ISOFYS. Many thanks go to experts of the Dedo district bureau of agriculture for their support during selecting the experimental sites and allowing me to work on farmers fields. The contribution of development agents at Geshe (Nigatu Hassen, Genet Gebre, and Sultan) and Gerima (Tariku Beyene) villages for taking care of the experimental plots was very helpful. I am especially grateful to Daniel Damtew and Alemseged Amanuel for their inexhaustible willingness to work and learn during the field work. The field work and completion of the data collection would not have been possible without their help. Thanks also go to Bayu Dume and Etetu shiferaw for their unreserved and careful care for samples during the soil and plant sample preparations at Jimma soils lab. I am also indebted to my fellow PhD student, Endalkachew Kissi, for his continuous sharing of meteorological data of the region and cheerful moments in office. I am also especially thankful to the highland pulses improvement ii program at Holeta Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia for continuous provision of pure seeds of faba beans for the entire study. Last but not least my special thanks go to my wife Mekides Girma for taking care of our son, Amanuel, in my absence. Your tolerance, affection, encouragement and support made this work realized. Your understanding and shouldering multiple responsibilities at home demands my appreciation. iii iv Table of contents Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................ i Table of contents .............................................................................................................................. v List of tables ..................................................................................................................................... ix List of figures .................................................................................................................................. xiii Summary ......................................................................................................................................... xv Samenvatting .................................................................................................................................. xix List of symbols and abbreviations .................................................................................................. xxiii Chapter 1. General Introduction ....................................................................................................... 1 1.1. An overview of the Ethiopian setting, soils and cropping systems .................................................. 1 1.2. An overview and description of the study area ................................................................................. 4 1.3. Soil fertility depletion and nutrient balances ................................................................................... 9 1.4. Sustainable cropping system: concepts and principles .................................................................... 13 1.5. Role of faba bean in sustainable cropping systems ....................................................................... 16 1.5.1. The faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) crop ........................................................................................... 16 1.5.2. Biological N 2 fixation (BNF) and N balance .......................................................................... 19 1.5.2.1. Development of the legume-Rhizobia symbiosis ........................................................ 21 1.5.2.2. Interactions between soil P, fertilizers and BNF ................................................................ 23 1.5.3. Methods to quantify BNF .......................................................................................................... 25 1.5.4. Effects of faba bean on subsequent crop performance ...................................................... 26 1.5.4.1 Nitrogen effects ................................................................................................................. 26 1.5.4.2 Phosphorus effects ............................................................................................................ 27 1.5.4.3 Non-nitrogen pre-crop effects........................................................................................... 30 1.6. Aims and outlines of the thesis ........................................................................................................ 31 Chapter 2 . Importance of variety specific B-value to quantify biological N 2 fixation of faba beans via 15 N natural abundance..................................................................................................................... 33 2.1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 34 2.2. Materials and methods .................................................................................................................. 38 2.2.1 Experimental setup .................................................................................................................... 38 v Table of contents 2.2.2 Plant growth, harvest and analyses ........................................................................................... 39 2.2.3 Correction for seed N ................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Epitypification of Cercospora Rautensis, the Causal Agent of Leaf Spot Disease on Securigera Varia, and Its First Report from Iran M
    VOLUME 3 JUNE 2019 Fungal Systematics and Evolution PAGES 157–163 doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2019.03.08 Epitypification of Cercospora rautensis, the causal agent of leaf spot disease on Securigera varia, and its first report from Iran M. Bakhshi* Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, P.O. Box 19395-1454, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran *Corresponding author: [email protected] Key words: Abstract: Cercospora is a well-studied and important genus of plant pathogenic species responsible for leaf spots Cercospora armoraciae on a broad range of plant hosts. The lack of useful morphological traits and the high degree of variation therein complex complicate species identifications in Cercospora. Recent studies have revealed multi-gene DNA sequence data cercosporoid to be highly informative for species identification inCercospora. During the present study, Cercospora isolates leaf spot obtained from Crownvetch (Securigera varia) in Iran and Romania were subjected to an eight-gene (ITS, tef1, Mycosphaerellaceae actA, cmdA, his3, tub2, rpb2 and gapdh) analysis. By applying a polyphasic approach including morphological new epitype characteristics, host data, and molecular analyses, these isolates were identified C.as rautensis. To our knowledge, this is the first record of C. rautensis from Iran (Asia). In addition, an epitype is designated here for C. rautensis. Effectively published online: 13 March 2019. INTRODUCTION limitations of morphological characteristics. In this regard, ex- type cultures are essential for the study of Cercospora, because Editor-in-Chief CrownvetchProf. dr P.W. Crous, (Westerdijk Securigera Fungal Biodiversity varia ≡ Institute, Coronilla P.O. Box varia 85167, ), 3508 is AD a herbaceous, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
    [Show full text]
  • Application of the Consolidated Species Concept to Cercospora Spp
    Persoonia 34, 2015: 65–86 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158515X685698 Application of the consolidated species concept to Cercospora spp. from Iran M. Bakhshi1, M. Arzanlou1, A. Babai-ahari1, J.Z. Groenewald 2, U. Braun3, P.W. Crous2,4 Key words Abstract The genus Cercospora includes many important plant pathogenic fungi associated with leaf spot diseases on a wide range of hosts. The mainland of Iran covers various climatic regions with a great biodiversity of vascular biodiversity plants, and a correspondingly high diversity of cercosporoid fungi. However, most of the cercosporoid species found Cercospora apii complex to date have been identified on the basis of morphological characteristics and there are no cultures that support cercosporoid these identifications. In this study the Consolidated Species Concept was applied to differentiate Cercospora species host specificity collected from Iran. A total of 161 Cercospora isolates recovered from 74 host species in northern Iran were studied leaf spot by molecular phylogenetic analysis. Our results revealed a rich diversity of Cercospora species in northern Iran. multilocus sequence typing (MLST) Twenty species were identified based on sequence data of five genomic loci (ITS, TEF1-α, actin, calmodulin and Mycosphaerella histone H3), host, cultural and morphological data. Six novel species, viz. C. convolvulicola, C. conyzae-canadensis, taxonomy C. cylindracea, C. iranica, C. pseudochenopodii and C. sorghicola, are introduced. The most common taxon was Cercospora cf. flagellaris, which remains an unresolved species complex with a wide host range. New hosts were recorded for previously known Cercospora species, including C. apii, C.
    [Show full text]
  • Cercosporoid Fungi of Poland Monographiae Botanicae 105 Official Publication of the Polish Botanical Society
    Monographiae Botanicae 105 Urszula Świderska-Burek Cercosporoid fungi of Poland Monographiae Botanicae 105 Official publication of the Polish Botanical Society Urszula Świderska-Burek Cercosporoid fungi of Poland Wrocław 2015 Editor-in-Chief of the series Zygmunt Kącki, University of Wrocław, Poland Honorary Editor-in-Chief Krystyna Czyżewska, University of Łódź, Poland Chairman of the Editorial Council Jacek Herbich, University of Gdańsk, Poland Editorial Council Gian Pietro Giusso del Galdo, University of Catania, Italy Jan Holeksa, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland Czesław Hołdyński, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Bogdan Jackowiak, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland Stefania Loster, Jagiellonian University, Poland Zbigniew Mirek, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland Valentina Neshataeva, Russian Botanical Society St. Petersburg, Russian Federation Vilém Pavlů, Grassland Research Station in Liberec, Czech Republic Agnieszka Anna Popiela, University of Szczecin, Poland Waldemar Żukowski, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland Editorial Secretary Marta Czarniecka, University of Wrocław, Poland Managing/Production Editor Piotr Otręba, Polish Botanical Society, Poland Deputy Managing Editor Mateusz Labudda, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland Reviewers of the volume Uwe Braun, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, Germany Tomasz Majewski, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland Editorial office University of Wrocław Institute of Environmental Biology, Department of Botany Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wrocław, Poland tel.: +48 71 375 4084 email: [email protected] e-ISSN: 2392-2923 e-ISBN: 978-83-86292-52-3 p-ISSN: 0077-0655 p-ISBN: 978-83-86292-53-0 DOI: 10.5586/mb.2015.001 © The Author(s) 2015. This is an Open Access publication distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, provided that the original work is properly cited.
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Disease Resistant Fenugreek for Western Canada
    DEVELOPMENT OF DISEASE RESISTANT FENUGREEK FOR WESTERN CANADA UDAYA SUBEDI Bachelor of Science in Agriculture, Tribhuvan University (Nepal), 2014 A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies of the University of Lethbridge in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF SCIENCE Department of Biological Sciences University of Lethbridge LETHBRIDGE, ALBERTA, CANADA © Udaya Subedi, 2018 DEVELOPMENT OF DISEASE RESISTANT FENUGREEK FOR WESTERN CANADA UDAYA SUBEDI Date of Defence: April 12, 2018 Dr. J. E. Thomas Professor Ph.D. Co-supervisor Dr. S. N. Acharya Research Scientist Ph.D. Co-supervisor Dr. R. Barendregt Professor Ph.D. Thesis Examination Committee Member Dr. S. Chatterton Research Scientist Ph.D. Thesis Examination Committee Member Dr. I. Kovalchuk Professor Ph.D. Chair, Thesis Examination Committee DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my parents. iii ABSTRACT Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) caused by Cercospora traversiana is an important phyto- pathological problem of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum), a multiuse legume crop. Knowledge about the inheritance of genes controlling CLS resistance is essential when selecting suitable breeding approaches while information about epidemiological factors affecting the disease can help develop new control strategies. Our greenhouse and field experiments showed CLS resistance in fenugreek (L3717 and PI138687) to be governed by a single dominant gene which is moderately heritable (46% narrow sense heritability). This indicates a relatively simple pathway for transfer of genes to adapted fenugreek cultivars. Rapid screening techniques (detached leaf assay and whole plant assay) were developed to identify the degree of resistance to C. traversiana in fenugreek genotypes. Several epidemiological factors such as temperature, physical injury (wounding), level of host resistance, plant age and inoculum concentration were found influencing CLS severity in controlled environment conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Host Range, Geographical Distribution and Current Accepted Names of Cercosporoid and Ramularioid Species in Iran
    Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology (Journal of Fungal Biology) 9(1): 122–163 (2019) ISSN 2229-2225 www.creamjournal.org Article Doi 10.5943/cream/9/1/13 Host range, geographical distribution and current accepted names of cercosporoid and ramularioid species in Iran Pirnia M Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran Pirnia M 2019 – Host range, geographical distribution and current accepted names of cercosporoid and ramularioid species in Iran. Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology (Journal of Fungal Biology) 9(1), 122–163, Doi 10.5943/cream/9/1/13 Abstract Comprehensive up to date information of cercosporoid and ramularioid species of Iran is given with their hosts, geographical distribution and references. A total of 186 taxa belonging to 24 genara are listed. Among them, 134 taxa were belonged to 16 Cercospora and Cercospora-like genera viz. Cercospora (62 species), Cercosporidium (1 species), Clypeosphaerella (1 species), Fulvia (1 species), Graminopassalora (1 species), Neocercospora (1 species), Neocercosporidium (1 species), Nothopassalora (1 species), Paracercosporidium (1 species), Passalora (21 species), Pseudocercospora (36 species), Rosisphaerella (1 species), Scolecostigmina (2 species), Sirosporium (2 species), Sultanimyces (1 species) and Zasmidium (1 species); and 52 taxa were belonged to 8 Ramularia and Ramularia-like genera viz. Cercosporella (2 species), Microcyclosporella (1 species), Neoovularia (2 species), Neopseudocercosporella (1 species), Neoramularia (2 species), Ramularia (42 species), Ramulariopsis (1 species) and Ramulispora (1 species). Key words – anamorphic fungi – biodiversity – Cercospora-like genera – Ramularia-like genera – west of Asia Introduction Cercosporoid and ramularioid fungi are traditionally related to the genus Mycospharella Johanson. Sivanesan (1984) investigated teleomorph-anamorph connexions in bitunicate ascomycetes and cited that Mycosphaerella is related to some anamorphic genera viz.
    [Show full text]
  • ﺟﻠﺪ Volume 7(1), 2018
    Plant Pathology Science ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ Volume 7(1), 2018 ISSN:2251-9270 ﺳﺎﻝ ﻫﻔﺘﻢ، ﺟﻠﺪ 1، ﭘﺎﻳﻴﺰﻭ ﺯﻣﺴﺘﺎﻥ 1396 ﺷﺎﭘﺎ: 2251-9270 Contents ﺩﺍﻧﺶ ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ Title Page ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ 1- Important criteria for identification of the Cercospora species 1- ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﮔ ﻮ ﻧ ﻪ ﻫ ﺎ ﻱ Cercospora M. Bakhshi………………………………………….…………………….……………….……….….1 ﻣﻮﻧﺲ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ...........................................................................................................................................................................1 2- Sooty canker of fruit trees in Iran 2- ﺷﺎﻧﻜﺮ ﺩ ﻭ ﺩ ﻩ ﺍ ﻱ ﺩﺭﺧﺘﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ R. Dastjerdi, S. Nadi & S. Damyar……….………..……………………………………………….15 ﺭﻋﻨﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﺠﺮﺩﻱ، ﺳﻮﻟﻤﺎﺯ ﻧﺎﺩﻱ ﻭ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﺩﺍﻣﻴﺎﺭ...........................................................................................................................15 3- Root lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei 3- ﻧﻤﺎﺗﺪ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ ﺯﺧﻢ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ Pratylenchus thornei E. Fatemi & H. Charehgani…………………………....…………………………………………...28 ﺍﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻲ ﻭ ﺣﺒﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻪ ﭼﺎﺭﻩ ﮔﺎﻧﻲ........................................................................................................................................28 4- Olive quick decline syndrome disease 4- ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﺳﻨﺪﺭﻭﻡ ﺯﻭﺍﻝ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ M. Keshavarzi…………..…..……………………………………………………………………..….40 ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺭﻩ ﻛﺸﺎﻭﺭﺯﻱ..................................................................................................................................................................40 5- Mycoviruses application in biocontrol of fugal pathogens ﺳﺎﻝ ﻫﻔﺘﻢ، ﺟﻠﺪ 1
    [Show full text]
  • Characterising Plant Pathogen Communities and Their Environmental Drivers at a National Scale
    Lincoln University Digital Thesis Copyright Statement The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). This thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: you will use the copy only for the purposes of research or private study you will recognise the author's right to be identified as the author of the thesis and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate you will obtain the author's permission before publishing any material from the thesis. Characterising plant pathogen communities and their environmental drivers at a national scale A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Lincoln University by Andreas Makiola Lincoln University, New Zealand 2019 General abstract Plant pathogens play a critical role for global food security, conservation of natural ecosystems and future resilience and sustainability of ecosystem services in general. Thus, it is crucial to understand the large-scale processes that shape plant pathogen communities. The recent drop in DNA sequencing costs offers, for the first time, the opportunity to study multiple plant pathogens simultaneously in their naturally occurring environment effectively at large scale. In this thesis, my aims were (1) to employ next-generation sequencing (NGS) based metabarcoding for the detection and identification of plant pathogens at the ecosystem scale in New Zealand, (2) to characterise plant pathogen communities, and (3) to determine the environmental drivers of these communities. First, I investigated the suitability of NGS for the detection, identification and quantification of plant pathogens using rust fungi as a model system.
    [Show full text]
  • Fungos Negros Presentes No Integumento De Formigas-Cortadeiras (Tribo Attini)
    UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA “JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO” unesp INSTITUTO DE BIOCIÊNCIAS – RIO CLARO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS (MICROBIOLOGIA APLICADA) FUNGOS NEGROS PRESENTES NO INTEGUMENTO DE FORMIGAS-CORTADEIRAS (TRIBO ATTINI) ANA PAULA MIRANDA DUARTE TOLEDO Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências do Câmpus de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Biológicas (Microbiologia Aplicada). Agosto - 2016 ANA PAULA MIRANDA DUARTE TOLEDO FUNGOS NEGROS PRESENTES NO INTEGUMENTO DE FORMIGAS-CORTADEIRAS (TRIBO ATTINI) Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências do Campus de Rio Claro, Universidade Estadual Paulista, como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Biológicas (Área: Microbiologia Aplicada). Orientador: Prof. Dr. Fernando Carlos Pagnocca Rio Claro 2016 589.2 Toledo, Ana Paula Miranda Duarte T649f Fungos negros presentes no integumento de formigas-cortadeiras (Tribo Attini) / Ana Paula Miranda Duarte Toledo. - Rio Claro, 2016 201 f. : il., figs., gráfs., tabs. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro Orientador: Fernando Carlos Pagnocca 1. Fungos. 2. Taxonomia. 3. Fungos dematiáceos. 4. Fungos melanizados. 5. Pirosequenciamento. 6. Teratosphaeriaceae. 7. Antagonismo. I. Título. Ficha Catalográfica elaborada pela STATI - Biblioteca da UNESP Campus de Rio Claro/SP Ao meu melhor amigo, companheiro e amor Vinicius Toledo Dedico AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a toda minha família pelo apoio incessante para que eu concluísse esse Doutorado. Desde sempre vocês têm me incentivado a fazer o meu melhor, com muita dedicação e coragem. Em especial agradeço ao meu marido por dividir comigo as conquistas e os momentos de angústia, sempre com muita paciência e amor.
    [Show full text]
  • Regne Des Champignons : Fungi ………………………………………… 51 1.1 - Phylum Des Microsporidia ……………………………………
    LES CHAMPIGNONS ET PSEUDO-CHAMPIGNONS PATHOGENES DES PLANTES CULTIVEES Biologie, Nouvelle Systématique, Interaction Pathologique Bouzid NASRAOUI <www.nasraouibouzid.tn> Préface du Prof. Mohamed BESRI - Diffusion gratuite / 2015 - Je dédie ce livre à l’Ame de ma Chère Mère Fatma mon Cher Père Larbi ma Chère Epouse Nabila mes Chers Enfants Safouane, Manel et Radhouane Préface Lorsque mon collègue Prof. Bouzid Nasraoui m’a demandé de préfacer son livre « les champignons et pseudo-champignons pathogènes des plantes cultivées : Biologie, nouvelle systématique, interaction pathologique », je ne savais pas par quoi commencer. Le titre me paraissait très ambitieux puisque le livre traitait de nombreux domaines. Ce n’est qu’après l’avoir attentivement lu que je me suis convaincu que les différentes parties du livre étaient intimement liées, cohérentes et très complémentaires. Quoiqu’appartenant à la vieille école qui classait les champignons phytopathogènes uniquement sur la base de leur morphologie macro- ou microscopique, j’ai été, en tant qu’enseignant-chercheur, amené, comme d’ailleurs Prof. Bouzid Nasraoui, à mettre à jour mes connaissances, à m’informer des développements récents en matière de classification des champignons, afin de pouvoir transmettre à mes étudiants des connaissances mise à jour et d’actualité. J’ai donc accepté avec grand plaisir de préfacer cet important ouvrage. Une préface est un texte placé en tête d'un ouvrage pour le présenter et le recommander au lecteur. Comme chacun sait, les champignons constituent un règne à part entière. Ils forment un vaste groupe diversifié. Ce sont des organismes ubiquistes retrouvés dans tous les écosystèmes. Les mycologues, phytopathologistes, scientifiques dans divers domaines (agriculture, médecine humaine et vétérinaire, technologie alimentaire, etc.) utilisaient exclusivement, il y a à peine une quinzaine d’années, une classification morphologique, dite systématique, basée uniquement sur l’observation de caractères macroscopiques et microscopiques des champignons.
    [Show full text]
  • PORTADA Puente Biologico
    ISSN1991-2986 RevistaCientíficadelaUniversidad AutónomadeChiriquíenPanamá Polyporus sp.attheQuetzalestrailintheVolcánBarúNationalPark,Panamá Volume1/2006 ChecklistofFungiinPanama elaboratedinthecontextoftheUniversityPartnership ofthe UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DECHIRIQUÍ and J.W.GOETHE-UNIVERSITÄT FRANKFURT AMMAIN supportedbytheGerman AcademicExchangeService(DAAD) For this publication we received support by the following institutions: Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI) J. W. Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) German Research Foundation (DFG) Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ)1 German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ)2 Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas 3 y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT) 1 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH Convention Project "Implementing the Biodiversity Convention" P.O. Box 5180, 65726 Eschborn, Germany Tel.: +49 (6196) 791359, Fax: +49 (6196) 79801359 http://www.gtz.de/biodiv 2 En el nombre del Ministerio Federal Alemán para la Cooperación Económica y el Desarollo (BMZ). Las opiniones vertidas en la presente publicación no necesariamente reflejan las del BMZ o de la GTZ. 3 INDICASAT, Ciudad del Saber, Clayton, Edificio 175. Panamá. Tel. (507) 3170012, Fax (507) 3171043 Editorial La Revista Natura fue fundada con el objetivo de dar a conocer las actividades de investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas de la Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí (UNACHI), pero COORDINADORADE EDICIÓN paulatinamente ha ampliado su ámbito geográfico, de allí que el Comité Editorial ha acordado cambiar el nombre de la revista al Clotilde Arrocha nuevo título:PUENTE BIOLÓGICO , para señalar así el inicio de una nueva serie que conserva el énfasis en temas científicos, que COMITÉ EDITORIAL trascienden al ámbito internacional. Puente Biológico se presenta a la comunidad científica Clotilde Arrocha internacional con este número especial, que brinda los resultados Pedro A.CaballeroR.
    [Show full text]
  • Aspects of Epidemiology of Phoma Koolunga (Ascochyta Blight of Field Pea)
    Aspects of epidemiology of Phoma koolunga (ascochyta blight of field pea) Mohsen Khani Bachelor of Agricultural Engineering, Plant Protection, Shiraz University Master of Plant Pathology, Tarbiat Modares University Thesis submitted to the University of Adelaide for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Agriculture, Food & Wine Faculty of Sciences, The University of Adelaide October 2014 Table of Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................. i Declaration ..................................................................................................................... iv Statement of the contributions to jointly authored paper ........................................... v Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................... viii Chapter 1 ......................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction and literature review ..................................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 2 1.2 Field pea ...................................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Ascochyta blight pathogens ........................................................................................ 4
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Cercospora</I> Spp. from Iran
    Persoonia 34, 2015: 65–86 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/003158515X685698 Application of the consolidated species concept to Cercospora spp. from Iran M. Bakhshi1, M. Arzanlou1, A. Babai-ahari1, J.Z. Groenewald 2, U. Braun3, P.W. Crous2,4 Key words Abstract The genus Cercospora includes many important plant pathogenic fungi associated with leaf spot diseases on a wide range of hosts. The mainland of Iran covers various climatic regions with a great biodiversity of vascular biodiversity plants, and a correspondingly high diversity of cercosporoid fungi. However, most of the cercosporoid species found Cercospora apii complex to date have been identified on the basis of morphological characteristics and there are no cultures that support cercosporoid these identifications. In this study the Consolidated Species Concept was applied to differentiate Cercospora species host specificity collected from Iran. A total of 161 Cercospora isolates recovered from 74 host species in northern Iran were studied leaf spot by molecular phylogenetic analysis. Our results revealed a rich diversity of Cercospora species in northern Iran. multilocus sequence typing (MLST) Twenty species were identified based on sequence data of five genomic loci (ITS, TEF1-α, actin, calmodulin and Mycosphaerella histone H3), host, cultural and morphological data. Six novel species, viz. C. convolvulicola, C. conyzae-canadensis, taxonomy C. cylindracea, C. iranica, C. pseudochenopodii and C. sorghicola, are introduced. The most common taxon was Cercospora cf. flagellaris, which remains an unresolved species complex with a wide host range. New hosts were recorded for previously known Cercospora species, including C. apii, C.
    [Show full text]