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Loblolly Salutes" Their Finest Hour": Combat Veterans of World War

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Loblolly Salutes DOCUMENT RESUME ED 462 367 SO 033 661 AUTHOR King, Lincoln, Ed.; Downing, Cassie, Ed.; McGarity, Fiona, Ed. TITLE Loblolly Salutes "Their Finest Hour": Combat Veterans of World War II. PUB DATE 2000-00-00 NOTE 186p.; Grant provided by the Summerlee Foundation. AVAILABLE FROM Loblolly Inc., Box 189, Gary, TX 75643 ($20). Web site: http://www.carthagetexas.com/Loblolly.htm. PUB TYPE Collected Works General (020) Historical Materials (060) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC08 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Cultural Context; High Schools; Interviews; *Local History; *Oral History; *Personal Narratives; Scholastic Journalism; Social Studies; Student Publications; Student Research; *Veterans; *World War II IDENTIFIERS Combat; Personal Experiences; Texas (East) ABSTRACT Loblolly is a project of the students at Gary High School, Gary, Texas. This volume is a collection of personal narratives told by combat veterans of World War II who were originally from East Texas. The book's introduction (by J. W. Howland) tells the readers about the men. The veterans' oral histories are recorded and profiled separately in the rest of the book. The veterans who appear in the book are: Bill Applegate, Turner Britton, John Searcy, Bob Beaty, Jack Bowen, Clarence Otterman, Lovis Phillips, George Berry West, Travis Williamson, Everett Woodard, Farris Ivie, Jack Harris, C. E. Marshall, and John Howland. Throughout the book, photographs of the men and of the artifacts and events of World War II are interspersed with the text. (BT) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. 71- Lob lolly Salutes"Their Finest Hour." 4-) Combat Veterans of World War II. Lincoln King, Editor Cassie Downing, Editor Fiona McGarity, Editor U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND Office of Educational Research and Improvement DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES GRANTED BY INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 0 This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization L. King originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES Points of view or opinions stated in this INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. BEST COPY AVAILABLE 2 sa A , kaskr--, A 3.11L :a. t' *.,- 4 0, L4 Edited hy:incoLKini C o nins4 3 Lob lolly Salutes "Their Finest Hour" Combat Veterans ofWorld War II EDITED BY LINCOLNKING, CASSIE DOWNING, ANDFIONA MCGARITY LOBLOLLY PRESS 4 The Lob lolly Project of Gary High Schoolhas been publishing it's magazine, Lob lolly, for 28years. During that time the magazine's staff and sponsors have received state andnational recognition for their efforts. The Lob lolly is dedicated to thecollection and preservation of East Texas history, culture, and folklore. Cover Photo: The late John Searcy ofBeckville, Texas (1919-1999) Navy Fighter Pilot and Hero-winner of NavyCross, Distinguished Fly- ing Cross, 8 Air Medals, Purple Heart. SankJapanese battleship "Ise" on July 24, 1945. All photographs used by permission.Copyright 2000 by the Lob lolly, Inc. All rights including reproductionby photographic or elec- tronic process and translation into otherlanguages are fully reserved. THE LOBLOLLY PROJECT Box 189 GARY, TEXAS To T'HE, VER NS OF WORLD WAR OF EAST TEXAS ANDTbTilE, SUM RLE FouNDATIoN FOR THE GRANT WHICH MADE BOOK A REALITY \ Oo '.1.-..A.1. ---, ------ (Y° 19/ -i-': ." + 4- (1-4-n: ' '1.- + 6+ N ill'''-- .!I ++7+1,.,k. kt a LOBLOLLY ADVISOR, LINCOLN KING WITH EDITORS CASSIE DOWNING AND FIONA MCGARITY 7 CONTENTt Introduction I Bill Applegate 1 Turner Britton 10 John Searcy 20 Bob Beaty 33 Jack Bowen 46 Clarence Otterman 65 Lovis Phillips 70 George Berry West 77 Travis Williamson 87 Everett Woodard 100 Farris Ivie 108 Jack Harris 123 C. E. Marshall 144 John Howland 150 INTRODUCTION One of the great side benefits associated with my move to Carthage, Texas in 1979 was the warm reception by the people and the many friendships quickly and easily established. My Texas-born wife was thrilled to be back in her home state and I was more than content to leave the cold wind and snow of the Great Plains of Kansas and Colorado. When Lincoln King invited me toprepare this introduction, I accepted the challenge because I have a deep respect andap- preciation for the work done on Lob lolly by Lincoln and his students at Gary High School.It also provided me with an opportunity to say a few words aboutsome friends and wartime comrades. George Berry West is a classic example. We both flew a tour of duty with the 8th Air Force. George was a pilot and Iwas a pathfinder navigator.It was always a pleasure to share stories and reminisce with him. Neither of us was very "military", and we both had reservationscon- cerning the leadership qualities of some of our commanders. One afternoon George told the story of a raid he made on the Renault factory in Paris. George piloted the lead plane and the Acting Wing Commander (George's Group Com- mander) flew in his airplane. Strangely, he didn't fly in the co-pilot's seat. He flew in the tailgunner's position so he could spot all the other aircraft in the for- mation. After the bombs were dropped, George pickedup a heading for En- gland and started home. However, the Colonel called on the interphone and said, "George, make a 360 degree turn here so that I can lookover that target area again." George replied, "Colonel, I am in command of this aircraft. We were sent out to bomb the factory. We did it. Now we are going home. I am not going to take this plane and fifty-three others in this formationon a sightseeing tour of France." George took a little flak from the Colonel, but he had to respect George's decision. Indeed, this sensible response to a nonsensical order brought about increasing awareness of the fine leadership qualities of George Berry West. The Army Air Corps attracted many men from Panola County and I found myself among friends and wartime colleagues in Carthage. Bill Applegatewas a navigator in a rescue squadron in the South Pacific.I flew with the 8th Air Force out of England where we had many navigational aids such as GEE (the forerun- ner of LORAN), and a rather primitive form of airborne radar known as H2X. We also had short and long wave radio aids that made our navigation job relatively easy. My only experience navigating an aircraft across a large body of water was our flight from Gander, Newfoundland to Prestwick, Scotland in December 1943. Flight time was about ten hours. As we flew a phrase from the Ancient Mariner kept running through my mind. "Water, water everywhere!" I used a small-scale chart covering the entire distance from Newfoundland to Scotland on which I plotted my three star fixes. However, as we flew, the United Kingdom seemed to shrink in size. True, Prestwick, Scotland was the objective, but after two thousand miles of water I would have been content to land anywhere in Scotland, England or Ireland. We finally made landfall and hit Prestwick on the nose. But I must tip my hat to navigators like Bill Applegate who flew over many thousands of miles of ocean. Using celestial navigation and radio aids Bill Applegate always found his pin point haven of safety in a world seemingly made up of water. John Searcy, born in Beckville, Texas was a Navy fighter pilot who served on the carriers USS Hornet and USS Bennington.Like Bill Applegate, he too flew over thousands of miles of open water. However, in addition to his naviga- tion chores he also had to fly the aircraft. Even more demanding, he had to land, often on a pitching and rolling deck in the middle of nowhere. Turner Britton of Dotson, Texas was a Navy crewman on board the aircraft carrier USS Essex. He served two years in combat in the Pacific and can tell you first hand about flight operations and aircraftcarriers. C. Ernest Marshall, a native of Carthage, piloted a B-24 bomber and flew 52 missions against the Japanese in the South Pacific and Philippines.I have spent many pleasant hours reminiscing with Ernest. Let me share with you a story he once told that demonstrates the leadership qualities required of the pilot and aircraft commander of a heavy bomber. On arrival at his base in the South Pacific, Ernest was assigned a plane complete with the crew of a pilot rotated back to the USA. Ernest knew the Consolidated B-24 very well and read all technical manuals associated with flight operations. One of these manuals recommended cracking open the bomb bay doors on takeoff to prevent possible buildup of hazardous gasoline vapors. Ac- cordingly, on his first takeoff he instructed the flight engineer to open the bomb bay doors just a few inches. When the flight engineer replied, "He had never done such a thing before." Ernest gave him a short lesson in command proce- dures and the doors were immediately opened. Further, the doors were opened in exactly the same manner on all subsequent takeoffs. To some, the incident might seem trivial and insignificant. However, it was attention to detail and orders like these given by young people such as C. Ernest Marshall that saved lives. The planes he flew never blew up on takeoff. How- II Ulo ever, some did. Travis Williamson from Tenaha, Texas was also a B-24 pilot. He flew in the European Theater of Operations out of Italy. The fighting was fierce in the European Theater. Travis was shot down twice.
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