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Konsep Bimbingan Tazkiyatun Nafs Dalam Membentuk Sikap Jujur Mahasiswa Bki Melalui Pembiasaan (Conditioning)

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Konsep Bimbingan Tazkiyatun Nafs Dalam Membentuk Sikap Jujur Mahasiswa Bki Melalui Pembiasaan (Conditioning) al-Tazkiah, Volume 8 No. 2, Desember 2019 KONSEP BIMBINGAN TAZKIYATUN NAFS DALAM MEMBENTUK SIKAP JUJUR MAHASISWA BKI MELALUI PEMBIASAAN (CONDITIONING) LUKMA NULHAKIM Univesitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta Email: [email protected] Abstract: This paper aims to offer the concept of tazkiyatun nafs guidance as a solution for personality guidance for prospective Islamic counselors to form a commendable attitude, one of which is honest attitude by prioritizing aspects of religiosity of students. Providing tazkiyatun nafs guidance through the habituation method by the counselor, positioning the counselor helps to be a reminder of the inner order that has its own rules. Physiological and psychological circumstances are the essential basis of human personality Keywords: Tazkiyatun Nafs, honest, and habituation Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan menawarkan konsep bimbingan tazkiyatun nafs sebagai solusi bimbingan kepribadian pada calon konselor islami untuk membentuk sikap terpuji, salah satunya sikap jujur dengan mengedepankan aspek religiusitas peserta didik. Memberikan bimbingan tazkiyatun nafs melalui metode pembiasaan oleh konselor, memposisikan pembimbing membantu menjadi pengingat tatanan batin yang mempunyai aturan-aturan tersendiri. Keadaan fisiologis dan psikologis merupakan basis hakiki kepribadian manusia. Kata Kunci: Tazkiyatun Nafs, jujur, dan pembiasaan A. Pendahuluan mengembangkan potensi yang dimiliki Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam konselinya. Kemudian konselor juga jika ditinjau dari dari perspektif harus memiliki kompetensi kepribadian keilmuan sangat jelas bahwa tugas dari dimana kompetensi ini akan seorang konselor Islami sangat memeperlihat kepribadian yang mantap, dibutuhkan dalam rangka membimbing stabil, dewasa, arif , dan berwibawa-yang dan mengarahkan serta akan menjadi tauladan bagi peserta ©al-Tazkiah is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License ║ 129 HERLINA FITRIANA didik –serta berakhlak mulia.1 Lebih- Kemudian, penyembuhan jiwa tak lebih sikap jujur pada diri seorang ubahnya penyembuhan badan. Bedanya konselor harus dimiliki karena dalam penyembuhan jiwa dilakukan dengan proses membimbing dan memberikan melenyapkan sifat-sifat rendah dan pelayanan BK diharapkan tidak ada ahlak yang hina dari jiwa serta unsur kebohongan. mengusahakan keutamaan dan ahlak Dalam dunia pendidikan, sikap mulia, sementara penyembuhan badan jujur memegang peranan yang penting dilakukan dengan melenyapkan virus- dalam rangka keberhasilan prestasi virus penyakit tubuh. Umumnya, fostur akademik peserta didik, karena dengan asal adalah sehat dan normal sikap jujur maka akan memunculkan (seimbang), lalu ditimpa berbagai kebenaran dan kepercayaan dari respon penyakit dari pengaruh makanan, sosial, sehingga menumbuhkan perubahan cuaca, dan pergantian pandangan yang positif seseorang pada kondisi. Demikian pula semua orang dirinya (orang yang jujur). dilahirkan dalam keadaan normal dan Sikap jujur dalam konteks sehat (tanpa cacat) sebagaimana mahasiswa BKI atau calon konselor diisyaratkan Rasulallah saw: “Setiap bayi islami dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa dilahirkan dalah keadaan fitri. jika seorang calon konselor islami Orangtuanyalah yang buatnya menjadi memiliki sikap jujur dalam dirinya maka seorang Yahudi atau Nasrani atau dapat dipastikan ia akan dipercaya Majusi”. Yakni orangtuanya yang dalam melakukan pelayanan bimbingan mengusahakan berbagai sifat-sifat dan konseling dengan baik, dengan rendah lewat pembiasaan dan bekal kempuan yang sudah dimilikinya. pengajaran.2 Seorang konselor yang memiliki sikap Sebagaimana keadaan badan tidak jujur akan memunculkan bekal diciptakan sempurna tapi pengetahun dan kepercayaan sehingga disempurnakan dengan olahraga dan sikap mental positif akan menjadi makanan yang baik, keadaan jiwa pun kebiasaan dalam hidupnya. diciptakan dalam keadaan tidak 2 Syekh Yahya ibn Hamzah al-Yamani, Pelatihan 1Munif chatib, Gurunya Manusia, (Bandung: PT. Lengkap Tazkiyatun Nafs, terj. Maman Abdurrahman Mizan Pustaka, 2011), 29. Assegaf (Jakarta: Zaman, 2012), 15. 130 ║ Konsep Bimbingan Tazkiyatun Nafs dalam Membentuk Sikap Jujur Mahasiswa BKI al-Tazkiah, Volume 8 No. 1, Juni 2019 sempurna, tapi berpotensi menjadi hati mesti mau menahan pahit sempurna. Jiwa menjadi sempurna mujahadah (kesungguhan) dan sabar melalui penyucian dan pelurusan ahlak untuk mengobati hatinya. dengan ilmu. Jika badan sehat, dokter Kemuliaan dan keutamaan hanya perlu menerapkan aturan-aturan manusia adalah hati. Dengan hatinya yang bisa mejaga kesehatannya. Jika manusia mengungguli mahluk-mahluk badan sakit, dokter perlu mengobatinya. lain. Dengan hatinya ia siap untuk Demikian pula keadaan jiwa, jika ia makrifatullah (mengenal Allah). Di dunia suci dan bersih serta berahlak terdidik, ini makrifat merupakan keindahan, sang konselor hanya perlu menjaganya kesempurnaan, dan kebanggaannya, dan dan menjaga sifat-sifatnya, di akhirat merupakan perlengkapan dan menambahkan kekuatan padanya dan simpanannya. Manusia mampu mengusahakan pengentalan sifat- mengenal Allah dengan hatinya, bukan sifatnya. Jika tidak sempurna dan tidak dengan organ-organ tubuhnya. Hatilah bersih, ia harus disempurnakan dan yang mengetahui Allah, yang beramal dibersihkan. Penyakit yang mengubah untuk Allah, yang berjalan menuju Allah, keseimbangan fostur yang yang mendekat kepada Allah. Sementara mengakibatkan sakit hanya bisa ditawar organ-organ tubuh hanya mengikuti dan dengan sesuatu yang menjadi lawannya, menjadi organ pembantu, alat-alat yang panas ditawar dengan dingin dan dingin diperbantukan oleh hati, hati yang ditawar dengan panas. Demikian pula mempekerjakannya seperti tuan sifat-sifat rendah yang merupakan mempekerjakan budak. penyakit hati mesti disembuhkan Penyucian (at-tazkiyah), dalam dengan lawannya. Bodoh harus bahasa arab berasal dari kata zakaa- disembuhkan dengan ilmu, kikir yazkuu-zakaa’an,yang berarti suci, At- disembuhkan dengan derma, takabur tazkiyah berarti tumbuh, suci, dan disembuhkan dengan tawaduk, rakus berkah’’ Secara etimologi3 jiwa memilki ditawar dengan menahan diri secara beberapa makna, yang paling menonjol paksa dari berbagai syahwat. Si sakit di antaranya adalah. (1) Jiwa bermakna tubuh harus mau menelan pahit obat Roh, Jika dikatakan “jiwanya untuk sembuh, demikian pula si sakit 3Lisan al-Arab, Ibn Manzhur, materi (jiwa), VI/233, dan Mufradat ar-Raghiib, 501 ©al-Tazkiah is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License ║ 131 HERLINA FITRIANA keluar”,maka yang dimaksud adalah agar manusia keluar dari tipu daya rohnya. (2) Jiwa bermakna sesuatu dan setan. Sebagai contoh para nabi dan hakikatnya, jika dikatakan,” Dia rasul membimbing manusia agar mampu membunuh jiwanya dan binaslah jiwanya”.4 menggunakan waktunya dengan sebaik- baiknya dan tidak menyia-nyiakannya, Pada prinsipnya tazkiyatun nafs beramal saleh dan saling menasehati sangat berarti bagi kelangsungan dalam kesabaran dan kebenaran. manusia. Di samping dapat membentuk Sebagaimana firman Allah SWT dalam pribadi yang bersih dari gangguan jiwa, al-Qur’an surat al-‘Ashr [103] : 1-3. kesehatan mental juga dapat Artinya : Demi masa. Sesungguhnya mengantarkan seseorang menuju manusia itu benar-benar dalam kerugian, Kecuali orang-orang yang beriman dan kebahagiaan dunia maupun akhirat. mengerjakan amal saleh dan nasehat Dengan tazkiyah, manusia akan menasehati supaya mentaati kebenaran dan nasehat menasehati supaya menetapi memperoleh kesadaran diri dan kesabaran. selanjutnya akan memperoleh pula Manusia diharapkan saling kesabaran. Nilai-nilai itu sama dengan memberi bimbingan sesuai dengan konsep dan cita-cita yang mengarahkan kemampuan dan kapasitas manusia itu perilaku individual dan kolektif manusia sendiri. Memberi bimbingan agar tetap dalam kehidupan mereka. Nilai-nilai sabar dan tawakal dalam menghadapi Islam menyatu dengan sifat manusia dan perjalanan kehidupan yang sebenarnya. mengakibatkan evolusi spiritual dan Untuk menjadi orang-orang yang moralnya. beriman harus adanya hidayah dan Para Nabi dan Rasul diutus untuk pertolongan dari Allah SWT dan perlu membimbing dan mengarahkan manusia adanya bimbingan. Allah SWT juga dapat kea rah kebaikan yang hakiki dan juga memberikan kesesatan sesuai apa yang sebagai figure konselor yang sangat dikehendaki-Nya. Sebagaimana Allah mumpuni dalam memecahkan berfirman : permasalahan (problem solving) yang Artinya : 27. Orang-orang kafir berkaitan dengan perbuatan manusia, berkata: "Mengapa tidak diturunkan kepadanya (Muhammad) tanda (mukjizat) 4Anas Ahmad Karzon, Tazkiyatun Nafs : dari Tuhannya?" Katakanlah: Gelombang Energi Penyucian Jiwa Menurut al-Qur’an dan as-Sunnah di Atas Manhaj Salafus Shalih, terj. H. Emiel Threeska, cet ke-2 (Jakarta: Akbar Media, 2012), 15. 132 ║ Konsep Bimbingan Tazkiyatun Nafs dalam Membentuk Sikap Jujur Mahasiswa BKI al-Tazkiah, Volume 8 No. 1, Juni 2019 "Sesungguhnya Allah menyesatkan5 siapa yang dia kehendaki dan menunjuki orang- Kemudian ayat lain juga orang yang bertaubat kepada-Nya", (Q.S. ar- menjelaskan yang artinya : Dan Ra’d [13] : 27). hendaklah ada di antara kamu segolongan umat yang menyeru kepada kebajikan, Dari ayat-ayat tersebut juga dapat menyuruh kepada yang ma'ruf dan mencegah dari yang munkar,6 merekalah dipahami bahwa ada jiwa yang menjadi orang-orang yang beruntung. (Q.S. Ali Imran fasik dan ada pula jiwa yang menjadi [3] : 104) takwa. Ayat ini menunjukkan agar Kebutuhan akan hubungan manusia selalu mendidik diri sendiri bantuan (helping relationship), pada maupun orang lain, dengan kata lain
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