�TIillSpecial Reports
THE SCIENCE THE SOVIET UNION
OF STATECRAFT Will Moscow Become the Third Rome? How the KGB Strategic Studies by Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. Controls the Peace Movement. Includes transcript of the infamous spring 1983 meeting in Minneapolis at which KGB officials g THEWES TERN THE MIDDLE EAST OLIGARCHY AND AFRIC A The Trilateral Conspiracy Against the U.S. Constitution: Anglo-Soviet Designs on the Arabian Peninsula. Order Fact or Fiction? Foreword by Lyndon LaRouche. Order #83002. Was $250. Reduced price: $100. #85019. $250. The Military, Economic, and Political Implications of Is Moscow's Secret Weapon: Ariel Sharon and the Israeli rael's Lavie Jet Project. Order #83010. Was $500. Reduced Mafia April 1986. Order #86001. $250. price: $250. The Libertarian Conspiracy to Destroy America's Moscow's Terrorist Satrapy: The Case Study of Qadda Schools. Order #86004. $250. fi's Libya. Order #86002. $100. White Paper on the Panama Crisis: Who's Out to De stabilize the US. Ally, and Why. Order #86006. $100. A Classical KGB Disinformation Campaign: Who Killed Olof Palme? Issued November 1986. Order #86010. $100. *Project Democracy: The 'parallel government' behind *NEW the Iran-Contra affair. Order #87001. $250. * First two digits of the order number refer to year of publication. Order from: EIR News Service P.O. Box 17390, Washington, D.C. 20041-0390. Please include order number. Postage and handling included in price. Founder and Contributing Editor: Lyndon H. LaRouche. Jr. Editor-in-chief: Criton Zoakos Editor: Nora Hamerman Managing Editors: ViII Berg and Susan Welsh From the Editor Contributing Editors: Uwe Parpart-Henke. Nancy Spal1l1aus. Webster Tarpley, Christopher White, Warren Hamerman. William Wertz. Gerald Rose. Mel Klenetsky. Antony Papert. Allen Salisbury e were struck by a remark made by General Revault d' Allonnes Science and Technology: Carol White W Special Services: Richard Freeman during a presentation on Sept. 26 to the conference of the Interna Advertising Director: Marsha Freeman tional Commission to Investigate Human Rights Violations, in Paris Circulation Manager: Joseph Jennings (page The French General of the Reserves, chairman of the INTELLIGENCE DIRECTORS: 48). Africa: Douglas DeGroot, Mary Lalevee Commission which is probing the shocking" Affaire LaRouche" in Agriculture: Marcia Merry the United States, announced that he had"good news," to wit, that Asia: Linda de Hoyos Counterintelligence: Jeffrey Steinberg. the Russian authorities have decided to launch an all-out offensive Paul Goldstein against France. Economics: David Goldman European Economics: William Engdahl, . "I tell you that this is good news because we know it, and it is Laurent Murawiec better to be alerted than not," reported the wartime comrade-in-arms Europe: Vivian Freyre Zoakos Ibero-America: Robvn Quijano. Dennis Small of the late Charles de Gaulle, after stating that the Kremlin has Law: Edward Spannau.l' decided to punish France for not supporting the Zero Option. Medicine: John Grauerholz, M.D. Middle East: Thierry Lalevee We are reminded of Dante's observation in Paradiso, that "an Soviet Union and Eastern Europe: arrow foreseen arrives more slowly." For the courageous, it is not Rachel Douglas, Konstantin George Special Projects: Mark Burdman only good news to be alerted to a danger, but also good news to know United States: Kathleen Klenetsky that one has earned the wrath of an evil enemy. INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS: EIR is dedicated to bringing its readers that kind of"good news." Bangkok: Pakdee alld Sophie Tanapura Bogota: Javier Almario In the lead article of the Economics section, we report on the ill-fated Bonn: George Gregory. Rainer Apel Chicago: Paul Greenberg efforts of the U.S. Treasury to force Japan and West Germany to Copenhagen: Poul Rasmussen continue paying for the disastrous U . S. non-recovery. In the opening Houston: Harley Schlanger Lima: Sara Madueiio section of the International report, Lyndon LaRouche characterizes Los Angeles: Theodore Andromidas the crisis that lies ahead for Mr. Gorbachov and the INF (zero-option) Mexico City: Josefina Menendez Milan: Marco Fanini treaty plans, taking very much into account the: growing economic New Delhi: Susan Maitra crisis. Part of the same picture is the looming constitutional clash in Paris: Christine Bierre Rio de Janeiro: Silvia Palacios the United States, described in the National lead. Rome: Leonardo Servadio. Stefania Sacchi We print in our Science & Technology section an interview with Stockholm: William Jones United Nations: Douglas DeGroot one of our top space scientists, who urges a joint Mars mission with Washington, D.C.: Nicholas F. Benton tht.. Soviets-in part because the U.S. space program has been so Wiesbaden: Philip Golub. Goran Haglund much scaled back. EIRIExecutive Intelligence Review (ISSN 0273�314) is Feature published weekly (50 issues) except for the second week The report on NATO exercises to rehearse the defense ofJuly and last week of December by New Solidarity of Europe is exclusive-because the major media don't think Amer International Press Service P.O. Box 65178. Washington. DC 20035 (202) 785-/347 icans should read anything that contradicts the rush to appease the European HeadqlUJl1e,.: Executive Intelligence Review Nachrichtenagentur GmbH. Postfach 2308. Soviets. Dotzheimerstrasse 166. 0-6200 Wiesbaden. Federal Republic of Germany One year after the infamous Oct. 6, 1986 raids that were intended Tel: (06121) 8840. Executive Directors: Anno Hellenbroich. Michael Liebig to silence the LaRouche publications, we are very much in the fight, In Ihn"",,*: EIR. Rosenvaengets Aile 20. 2100 Copenhagen and intend to vastly expand the reach of what we print. To judge DE. Tel. (01) 42-15-00 In Mexico: EIR. Francisco mas Covarrubias 54 A·3 from the growing ferocity of Kremlin-directed and appeasers' cam Colonia San Rafael. Mexico OF. Tel: 705-1295. paigns against us, that is the ultimate"good new:s." Japan .ub.cription .oh.: D.T.D. Research Corporation. Takeuchi Bldg .• 1-34-12 Takatanobaba. Shinjuku-Ku. Tokyo 160. Tel: (03) 208-7821. Copyright © 1987 New Solidarity International Press Service. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission strictly prohibited. Second-class postage paid at Washington D.C .• and at an additional mailing offices. 3 months-$125. 6 months-$225. I year-$396. Single issue-$l0 Academic library rate: $245 per year Postmaster: Send all address changes to EIR. P.D. Box 17390, Washington. D.C. 20041-0390. (202) 785-\347 TImConteDts Interviews Departments Economics 16 Burt Edelson 12 Africa Report 4 James Baker goes to war Associate Administrator for Space IMF's 'magic formulas' are a agai�t Germany and Science and Applications at the fraud. Japan *' National Aeronautics and Space Baker may think be's trying to Administration until July 1987, 13 Andean Report save the dollar system by Edelson discusses a proposal Dr. A marriage of necessity? establishing so-called purchasing for a U.S.-Soviet mission to Mars. power parity with the S8 Report from Bonn deutschemark and yen, but the magnitude the dollar would still Spetsnaz problem taken seriously. have to fall to reach that point is AIDS Update sufficient to bring down S9 Dateline Mexico everything. 6 International AIDS The death of justice. seminar in Brazil sets 6 International AIDS policy yardsticks for 72 Editorial semiBar in Brazil sets continent 'Soviet dupes' in Congress? policy yardsticks for continent 14 Soviet Union to work with "Insects can transmit AIDS" was Japan on AIDS the message conveyed to 1,000 Science & Thchnology participants by specialists from the 70 California GOP passes United States, Europe, and Ibero America, in direct repudiation of anti-AIDS resolution 16 America has lost its lead in space scien�e official policy, dictated by the World Health Organization. 70 New Hampshire bill to Former NASA Associate require AIDS tests Administrator Burt Edelson describes the loss of U.S . 8 Peru's banks are now leadership in space science, and nationalized the question of Soviet cooperation It's good news for the economy, on a Mars program. but baP news for the narcotics Correction: In the Sept. 25, 1987 traffickers who want to launder issue of EIR, our report on Sri 22 Space: the national their proceeds. Lanka (p. 49) mistakenly identified Palipam Chandananda Hero as a security challenge JVP leader. Mr. Hero is the leader Excerpts from Defense Secretary 9 Mexico's inflation plan of the Buddhist fundamentalist Caspar Weinberger's address sure to fail "National Front." before the Air Force Association. It is not really an inflation plan at all, simply more deindustrialization and denationalization. 10 Currency Rates 11 Banking FSLIC rescue plan sinks. 14 Business Briefs Volume 14 Number 40. October 9. 1987 Feature International 36 Gorbachov joins the ranks 51 Fiji coup puts crown, of the undead nation in crisis President Reagan's plunge toward a Munich-style. "peace in our 50 Was Soviet Culture Fund's time" agreement with Moscow, Ustinov complicit in sets into motion a process that is Gandhi murder? necessarily unleashing the most . profound kinds of instabilities and An American soldier at the "Cenain Strike" nercises in 54 Cato Institute: How to sell eruptions in East and West. nonhem Germany. Seplember 1987. out Pakistan Gorbachov is suffering at the hands of "neo-Stalinists," think 26 U.S. troops and keeping Western intelligence agencies-but 55 Drought threatens Indian the peace in Western they don't quite understand "neo economic gains Europe Stalinism's" nature . By Lyndon H. If the INF treaty is signed, either LaRouche, Jr. 56 U.S. Senate resolution the United States will abandon against Panama Europe entirely and the NATO 39 A power struggle rages in condemned by Ibero alliance will be a dead letter-or Kremlin America it's back to Massive Retaliation and a short path to World War III. 42 Terrorists carving up 60 International Intelligence Colombia thanks to / 28 Reforger Certain Strike: Monetary Fund policies U.S. troops crucial for the By the time President Barco leaves defense of Europe office in 1990, because he has National An eyewitness report on the fall adhered to the IMF program. his maneuvers by EIR correspondents country may be one, two, many 62 Issue of President's role Dean Andromidas and Rainer countries. comes to a head this Ape!. month 45 Shevardnadze in Brazil for Is he the commander in chief, or big mineral grab can Congress dictate defense policy, defense deployments. and 46 Operation Sunlight hits defense budgets? Iran suppliers 65 Eye on Washington 47 A new 'Stalin Note' for State Dept. peddles Soviet West Germany? disinforrnation. 48 'L'Affaire LaRouche' and 66 DoJ ruled guilty of the defense of Western 'trickery, fraud' Europe today Excerpts of two presentations to 67 Elephants and Donkeys Paris hearings of the International Biden fall-out afflicts Dukakis. Commission to Investigate Human Rights Violations in the United 68 Congressional Closeup States, both by its chairman, Gen. Jean-Gabriel Revault d' Allonnes. 70 National News �ITillEconomics James Baker goes to war against Germany and Japan by Chris White As he had promised, U.S.Treasury Secretary James Baker The same proposal will iricrease the desperation quotient took the occasion of the annual meeting of the International in Tokyo and Bonn. Monetary Fund (IMF) at the end of September, to propose a The press outlet for this BIS gold standard lobby in the broadening of the economic indicators employed by the Group United States is often led by Lindsay Clark's Wall Street of 7 industrialized countries in the coordination of financial Journal. On the eve of the IMF meeting, the Journal edito policy. It is a thinly veiled declaration of war against the rialized: "The IMF could do an enormous service, for ex economies of West Germany and Japan. ample, simply by compiling and publishing a purchasing Baker seems now to be shifting his own policy closer to power-parity index-an index of whether exchange rates that identified with the lobby for the Basel-based Bank for reflect the same purchasing power in different curren International Settlements in the United States-typified by cies.... Just knowing what similar goods cost in different aging guru Robert Mundell of Columbia University, and countries would throw light on the problem of floating ex aspiring politicos Bill Bradley, the Democratic former bas change rates and a volatile dollar.It would at least give us an ketball player, and Jack Kemp , the Republican former quar image of where exchange rates ought to be if we want an terback.That same Bank for International Settlements has, efficient international price mechanism and calmer financial since the spring of 1985, promoted ways to bring the Come markets." con economies into the European Monetary System.Baker Calmness will probably be in extremely short supply if is now acting on behalf of that broader policy objective. the proposed index is actually used for those purposes.The Baker proposed that the indicators employed by theGroup very floating of the proposal is sufficient to establish that of Seven be broadened to include a "basket of commodities," when Baker told the Group of Seven that the United States such that international decisions on whether to raise or lower continues to support the so-called "Louvre Accords" of last interest rates could be based on the price movements of those spring, the agreements under which the dollar's descent has selected commodities. Higher prices would require higher been cushioned, by Central Bank intervention, against the interest rates, lower prices, lower interest rates.Among the deutschemark and the Japanese yen, he wasn't being truthful. commodities included in the index would be gold. Nor would the adoption of such an approach be welcome to Apparently the plan presented was worked out in coor the Third World economies, looted with increasing vicious dination with the British Chancellor of the Exchequer, Nigel ness under the so-called "Baker Plan" for dealing with the Lawson, who alluded to a similar outline in his speech to the debt crisis. IMF.And the French minister, Eduard Balladur, has been The reason is that the dollar remains vastly overvalued quoted in press accounts, welcoming the proposal.The French relative to the currencies of especially West Germany and are, like Kemp and Mundell, supposed to welcome the de Japan. cision to include gold within the basket of commodities. The EIR applied some versioll of the standard Bakerand oth latter pair assert that the decision to include gold in the cited ers are now discussing to the internal purchasing power of basket of commodities reflects movement back toward the the U.S.dollar and deutschemark in early 1985, back when discipline of the gold standard for the dollar, abandoned in the dollar was valued at more than DM 3.00on exchange favor of floating exchange rates by John Connally, George markets.Ba ck then, one dollar in a U.S.supermarket bought Shultz, and Paul Volcker in the period between 1971 and roughly what one deutschemark bought in a comparable Ger 1973. man store.Si nce then, both the U.S.and German economies 4 Economics EIR October 9, 1987 have continued to slide downward, with the U.S economy be rigged. These are the same financial forces who have declining faster. By Baker's touted standard, the dollar ought promoted the agreements with the Russians which the Presi to be at parity with the deutschemark. In Britain, it is the dent espouses, prompted by his wife's desire to go down in reverse. There, the pound is as much overvalued relative to history. Reagan's desire has become the means by which the dollar as the dollar is overvalued relative to the deutsche these financial circles hope to realize various of their longer mark. term plans. The magnitude by which the dollar would still have to Baker might delude himself with the prescriptions of fall to come to so-called purchasing-power-parity with West contemporary financial thinking, that he is actually fighting Germany and Japan is sufficient to bring down everything. to save the dollar system, by blackmailing Germany and It's what Paul Volcker used to warn against, as "a hard Japan with the prospect of what has been called a "hard landing for the dollar." landing" for the dollar, into continuing to provide the funds So much for maintaining the stability of the so-called which have supported the continuation of the present insane Louvre Accords. Perhaps, then, Baker is simply trying to up U.S. policies. the ante on the Germans and Japanese, who have consistently Instead he is acting to ensure that, out of political con refused to do what the U.S. monetary policy team calls frontation with Germany and Japan. an altogether different "adopting expansionist policies," by threatening to pull the agenda is actually implemented, the deflationary policy proverbial plug. These demands were restated at the IMF adopted by the BIS during early August. Before the meeting, conference by Baker, and by President Reagan. Since the Japan signaled in no uncertain terms'that there is a limit to U .S. dollar depends on maintaining an inflow of funds from how far Japan can be pushed in its monetary policy. The especially the surplus nations of Germany and Japan, the signal was the decision to increase interest rates, announced differential between U. S. interest rates and those of the two on the eve of the gathering. The increase is, of course, the other countries has to be sufficientto keep the funds coming. very reverse of everything the United States has demanded Since increasing interest rates in the United States is likely to for more than the last year, and establishes that Japan will have dramatic consequences, such as the collapse of whole not go along with what the United States demands, beyond a sections of the banking system, Germany and Japan have certain point. been under pressure to lower their interest rates instead. While not so dramatic, West Germany has allowed cer This demand to self-destruct was rejected by both during tain secondary interest rates to rise,' in violation of u.S. the ongoing proceedings. Japanese increases in internalrates demands. German political leaders have made clear repeat show rather what Japan will do , than anything Baker and edly that their country cannot accept the political conse company might intend. But behind all that maneuvering, quences of what the United States is demanding. which itself may jeopardize the dollar system, and its banks, It's not possible to say just where the line might be drawn. is something else. However, it's well-known that, apart from the laundered proceeds of the world drug trade, Japan is the largest source The bubble-popping policy of the funds that have let the U. S. governmentand its banking It has been the policy of the financial high-flyers associ system stay afloat. Baker is helping to create the conditions ated with the BIS to bring about a deflation of the bubble in which the BIS deflation policy is implemented via the associated with the dollar credit system. The purchasing pullout of those funds. power-parity index of Baker and the Wall Street Journal. It is only the Russians who can bebefitfrom the continu whether they know it or not, is a reflectionof that BIS bubble ance of this kind of nonsense in the name of economic policy. popping policy. Except, of course, for the circumstance, that like the Gramm Adopted, apparently, during the monthly BIS meeting at Rudman "fix" Baker is said to have. insisted the President the beginning of August, the BIS deflationary policy has support, the kind of package threatened in Baker's proposals shown up in the shake-outs of stock markets around the world to the IMF, will itself help to accelerate the pace of the crisis which ensued from the changes in credit policy adopted by Baker and his friends are otherwise so desperately trying to central banks, pursuant to that policy. First, the Bank of delay. There could be some good in that. Perhaps under the England increased rates, and the London stock market fell. approaching crisis that Baker and his friends are unleashing, Then the Italian central bank did the same, and the bourse in it will be possibleto do the kinds of things required to restore Milan fell. The proposal under discussion stems from the stability to the world financial system, and health to the same intent. economy. Beyond that, tying interest rate and credit policies to the Otherwise, what Baker is really proposing makes non pricemovements of selected raw materials, would tie interest sense of all the platitudinous utterances about "cooperation" rate and credit policy to the decisions of the oil, raw-material, and "stability" that can be heard between the decadent recep and food cartels who determine how prices will in any case tions and buffets. EIR October 9, 1987 Economics 5 International AIDS seminar in Brazil sets policy yardsticks for continent by DavidRamonet andValerie Rush The successful conclusion of the Second International Con AIDS threat, in fact went far beyond that issue. As was fe rence on AIDS , held in Sao Paulo, Brazil on Sept. 25-26, emphasized at the conference , any solution to the AIDS crisis has called the question on a competent AIDS policy not only must not only address the medical truths about the disease for Brazil, but for the entire Ibero-American continent. "In now being assiduously covered up, but also: 1) the economic sects can transmit AIDS" was the message conveyed to this devastation in, especially, the heavily indebted developing vast tropical nation by specialists from the United States, sector nations, which has created the basis for an epidemic Europe , and Ibero-America, in direct repudiation of official breakout of the disease, and 2) the scientific and technologi policy, dictated by the World Health Organization, which cal capacity required in both the advanced and developing views the mortal epidemic as a venereal disease controllable sectors to come up with proper treatment, and a cure. through "safe sex." These critical issues are at the center of a fierce battle The conference, co-sponsored by EIR, various districts being waged inside Brazil by nationalist forces in both polit of Brazil's Rotary , Lions, and Service Clubs, and the Brazil ical and military circles, who insist that submission to the ian Society for Infectious Diseases, was also endorsed by at debt policies of the International Monetary Fund and inter least seven of Brazil's leading companies, and drew close to national financial community is destroying the nation's abil 1,000participants each day , including government, military, ity to steer its own destiny. The recent announcement of health, and business professionals. The conference intersect Brazil's success in mastering the complete nuclear fuel cycle, ed an intense debate within Brazil-a country with the unen for example, was not only i�tended as a challenge to the viable record of the world's second-highest reported inci science and technology "cartel" run by the economic super dence of the disease-over how to halt the epidemic. powers, but also a declaration of Brazilian intent to econom It was no accident that on the day of her arrival in Sao ically catapult itself into the 21st century. Paulo, Dr. CarolineMcLeod of the Institute of Tropical Med icine in Florida,captured the headline of Sao Paulo's leading A 'criminal' argument daily, Folha de Sao Paulo with the title, "Doctor Says Insects On the firstday of the conference , the audience heard Dr. May Have Transmitted AIDS in the U.S." Dr. McLeod shared Louris, an official of the Brazilian health ministry, define the podium at the two-day AIDS seminar with Dr. Ricardo AIDS as a sexual disease, and urge an "educational" ap Veronesi, head of the Brazilian Society for Infectious Dis proach. He argued that the epidemiological profile of AIDS eases; Dr. Jonathan Tennenbaum, European director of the had not changed in Brazil, this: despite opening statements by Fusion Energy Foundation; Dr. John Grauerholz, medical Dr. Veronesi that the country now had an estimated 1 to 1.3 coordinator of EIR's special AIDS investigative task force; million infected. When sharply questioned on official health Dr. Bertha Farfan of Central Hospital in Mexico City; and policy toward the epidemic , Dr. Louris admitted that his Dr. Luiz Antonio Louris, of the Brazilian health ministry. ministry had allocated a mere 16 hospital beds for AIDS In the two days prior to the conference, Sao Paulo press patients. He stubbornly insisted, "There is absolutely no pos and television, along with national media, CBS radio of the sibility of mosquito transmission." United States, and the magazine Istoe extensively publicized Dr. Veronesi then took the floor to rebut the ministry the pending event, including frequent interviews with the epidemiologist, angrilychar ging, "At the Ministryof Health , participants. A 9O-minute television interview with the for there are nothing but incompetents and imbeciles. The argu eign participants and Dr. Veronesi had a viewing audience ment that has been used to refute the possibility of mosquito of over 8 million. infection is a criminal argument." He explained that ministry officials had determined against the mosquito transmission A matter of national sovereignty thesis because the incidence of AIDS in children-fully as The significance of the conference, while focused on the vulnerable to mosquito assaults as adults-is quite low. Ipso 6 Economics EIR October 9, 1987 fa cto, mosquitos can't transmit AIDS! quered, such as malaria and yellow fever. Dr. Veronesi then presented the audience with a series of Dr. Jonathan Tennenbaum, who on the first day had pre graphs profiling, by age group infected, the incidence of a sented a computer-assisted projection of the AIDS epidemic disease which he at firstrefused to identify. The graphs showed globally, concluded the conference by elaborating the urgen the lowest incidence of infection in the 1-3 year age group, cy of developing new biophysical methods for finding a cure and the greatest in the 30-50 year age group. He then identi for AIDS. Coverage of his presentation in the Sept. 27 editi�n fied the disease as malaria, which is universally recognized of 0 Estado de Sao Paulo, emphasi:red Tennenbaum's in to be transmitted by the Aedes Aegypti mosquito. sistence that space-age research couldhelp revolutionize AIDS The afternoon session, featuring Dr. Caroline McLeod, tests. was eagerly awaited by the audience, as she-together with He reported that the space program in the United States, Dr. Mark Whiteside in the United States-has perhaps done for example, had suspended research on a laser system which the most extensive research on AIDS incidence in a tropical could, in four minutes, "give the doctor, by means of a region, Belle Glade, Florida. Dr. McLeod noted that the poor computer, a list of all the infections in the patient. Unlike and mosquito-plagued rural area they have investigated has existing AIDS diagnostics, lasers being developed at Los conditions comparable to much of Brazil, with similar high Alamos Labs in New Mexico do not depend on spotting AIDS rates of AIDS infection among non-high-risk groups (that is, antibodies, but rather, when the [HIV] virus infects a cell in heterosexual and non-drug-abusing). They developed their the body, there are changes in the physical structure of the hypothesis on the mosquito, dubbed "the flying syringe." living tissue. We could measure that form of change by Their research has not yet yielded laboratory proof of AIDS passing a laser through the tissues. We would look for differ infection by mosquito, but they have been able to show that ent angles of diffraction of the light, and see the finger prints dengue fever, a recognized co-factor in AIDS infection, is of the virus." transmitted by the mosquito. o Estado reported that Tennenbaum identified another Dr. Veronesi later referred to the Belle Glade story to advantage of the optical biophysics approach, in that all vi present his own hypothesis on the possibility of mosquito ruses, microorganisms, and bacteria show up at once. Fur transmission. He discounted the official claim that an Amer ther, "If it operated 20 hours a day, it could perform 1,200 ican homosexual was responsible for bringing AIDS to Bra tests. The price of a test would be $5;, that is, the machine zil, noting that because of Brazil's tropical conditions and would make $6,000 a day. In a year of operating, its $100,000 the "African" characteristics of the disease, it was more likely to $200,000 cost would be paid off." that AIDS had come to Brazil through Brazilian workers Another Brazilian daily, Jornal da Semana, reported that returning from Africa. In a high percentage of such cases he Tennenbaum called for everybody to be tested twice yearly, was able to study, Veronesi observed the existence of a virus with quarantine of carriers. "By economizing today, govern known as "maguari," which is transmitted by mosquito. ments are generating a disaster in the coming year," he said. "True, there are no laboratory proofs yet," the Brazilian He ended with the assertion that nothirigless than a scientific specialist admitted, "but neither are there laboratory proofs revolution could conquer AIDS, "the black death of the 20th of sexual transmission." He concluded that without the prop century." er scientific research, people have been led to believe "only what they see." Second-day presentations at the conference offered the results of ongoing research on AIDS and related epidemic diseases since 1974. Dr. Grauerholz described the research, begun under the sponsorship of EIR founder Lyndon La SILV, ,. ,. R Rouche, which foresaw that the absence of continuous sci SHORT SOU EZE entific and technological advances as reflected in economic • WHO? WHAT? WHY? • " and social progress must necessarily bring about conditions Not what you thinkl Daily limit soon, Exchange for the kind of "biological holocaust" occurring in Africa, cannot stop this one .becaus� it is different. and now threatened globally. info�ation. ,Send$5 toSIIIET for He isthe ' Dr. Bertha Farfan presented data on the AIDS crisis now one advisor who predicted the other two . surfacing in Ibero-America, with emphasis on the environ squeezes. Make S50,er oz. ,',' ' ' mental factors that are facilitating its propagation.She stressed " ,SI88ETPU8LICA: ,ONS. 1091 E. WOOOBUAYAO., '. that the role being played by World Bank and International PASAD NA,CA 91104 l Monetary Fund austerity programs, in collapsing investment Name ______4' ___ � ___ __ in health, sanitation, and basic infrastructure while reducing Address ___� living standards generally across the continent, has already Zip -+ caused the widespread return of diseases once believed con- EIR October 9, 1987 Economics 7 bill "implies sowing disorder, inciting anarchy, and disor ganizing the republic." He added that precisely because the bill is now law, "the strange and absurd doctrine that incites people to disregard the law is foreign to the democratic re Peru's banks are gime and merits legal means to combat it, both preventive and repressive." He said the only legal avenue of challenge now nationalized to the bill was in the Constitutional Court, and that until a ruling from that court is handed down, the government will by Peter Rush carry out the letter of the new law. The United Left (IV), which had supported the bill in debates, also turned at the last moment and voted against it, After an all-night session Sept. 28, the Peruvian Chamber of charging that changes voted in the Senate version vitiated its Deputies passed the controversial bill nationalizing the na positivecontent. Following the vote , IU congressman Carlos tion's banking, financial, and insurance companies at mid Malpica, an early advocate ofthe nationalization, said, "It is morning, Sept. 29. The bill passed by a voice vote, supported not revolutionary, since it doesn't democratize anything, only by the APRA party of President Alan Garcia, having contrary to what the government says." He said, "What will passed the Senate one day earlier. occur is that the banks . . . will pass under the powerof the The opponents of the bill, led by Bankers Association members of the Executive Committee of the APRA." presidentFranc isco PardoMeson es, immediately announced While the Senate did reducethe government's percentage that they would physically resist the takeover of their banks, of shares owned from 85% to 70%, the changes do not appear by refusing to leave their offices and sleeping in. National to modify the operative portions of the bill. The left's oppo television was invited to filmseveral of the bank owners with sition is no doubt intended to make it difficultto carry out the the beds they had brought into their offices forthe purpose. law, for fear its successful implementation would boost the Waxing melodramatic, Mesones told the press he was certain political appeal of the APRA government, as its positive he would win, "although it may cost time, or even my life." effects become visible in the economy. He charged, "If the government approves the law, the threat The bill itself calls for the 33 nationally owned banks, of the totalitarianism foreseen by the writer Mario Vargas financial houses, and insurance companies to be "statized," Llosa will be fulfilled." The head of the businessmen's as whereby the government will own 70% of the shares of the sociation, Confiep, Vega Llona, also joined the sleep-in, as banks and between 51% and 70% of the shares of the insur did a battery of the bankers' lawyers. ance companies. The remaindermay be held by the general In an attempt to intimidate the government,which insti public, but no one person may own more than 1%. That Vega tuted the drastic measure in an effort to stop drug-money Llona's "fear" of further nationalizations is a red herring , is laundering and capital flight, the bankers have been warning demonstrated by other provisions of the bill, which mandate that thebill is unconstitutional and that to enforce it will open that the nationalized banks will lend to small- and medium up the government and the APRA party to dire legal conse sized businesses for the firsttime , providing credit to the very quences. The bankers are basing their campaign on the ruling enterprises Vega Llona claims are in jeopardy. The bill also of a lower courtjudge , that the bill is unconstitutional. They sets up regional banks in every department of the country, have warned that the banks can only be expropriated by charged with providing credit to the peasants and rural enter violating the constitutional separation of powers and abro prises that have never had such access before , except through gating the power of the judiciary. private usurers at ruinous rates. They have further threatened that passage of the bill In fact, the real issue is the effort of a tiny oligarchy of "would cause the growth of divisions among Peruvians," in landed and banking families, who have heretofore operated the words of an ad taken out by the Confiep, a thinly veiled the nation's banking system as their private preserve, laun threat to stir up popular protests against the bill. Confiep dering billions in drug money annually and lending money president Vega Llona went on to say that the nationalization back and forth to a small circle,offavored companies, to hold puts into question whether the APRA might now go on to on to their power. Against them are ranged President Alan nationalize other private industries. Garcia, backed by most of his APRA party, and by millions In immediate response, AttorneyGeneral Dr. Hugo De of Peruvians mobilized by the President through more than negri pointed out that constitutionally, the government not 50 speeches across the country since Aug. 1, who want to only has the right to carry out the nationalization, but that democratize the economy as well as the political arena, and under the constitution, it must enforce the bill passed by the to unleash a new era of economic growth. The sleep-in bank legislature, until and unless it might be overturned in the ers are terrified of nothing so much as the effective "democ Court of Constitutional Guarantees. In a statement released ratization" of credit and the shutdown of the laundering of Sept. 29, he said that for the government not to enforce the cocaine dollars the nationalization will ensure. 8 Economics EIR October 9, 1987 stillborn, a victim of Finance Minist�r Petricioli's rhetoric), anxiety seized hold of President de laMadrid, and since July of 1987, he has been trying to fight inflation by braking the devaluation of the currency and reducing interest rates, thus inverting his own economic policy: I) Letting the peso slip below �he inflation rate goes against the "export or die" dogma. The exporters have re sponded by saying, "The slide of the peso does not corre Mexico's inflation spond to inflation.... A very dangerous signal is being sent to the export sector." plan sure to fail 2) The artificial reduction of interest rates immediately sent a flood of speculative capital onto the stock exchange; by Carlos Cota Meza other capital bought dollars in anticipation of further deval uation, and the nationalized banking system continued to be decapitalized. Mexican President Miguel de la Madrid has announced that Well-informed sources say that members of the economic his government will shortly be launching a new anti-inflation cabinet are now asking themselves, �'What do we do now?" program. If his government's previous experiments in that A shock program is now out of the question, they say, be area are any indication, the President's promised plan con cause the President has already put his foot in his mouth by demns the Mexican population to yet another series of aus pledging that he will not go that route. To do so now would . terity measures, which will introduce yet more chaos to the be to discredit the government even further. generalized disorder of the national economy. So, a new proposal has emerged from the inner sanctum In the little time that remains of de la Madrid's six-year of the central bank. In a confidential document already cir term, those who ran his economic policy, like the Gods of culating within the economic cabinet, the Banco de Mexico Olympus, are now looking around for someone else to blame proposes that "accumulated international reserves be re for the scourge they have brought upon the country. In 1982- turned abroad in the form of payment for imports of mer 83, it was said that inflationwas caused by "excess demand." chandise. This will not be one mo� inflationary source of So, they brutally slashed wages to reduce inflation. Then pressure for the creation of new mon�y. . . . One could think they said it was due to a "supply shock," blamed the busi that the increase of the GNP will he based on imports, on nessman, and imposed a merciless policy of credit restriction returning foreign exchange abroad."I through high interest rates. This new "anti-inflation strategy" will be accompanied The inflation ignored both kinds of measures, and simply by the final stages of an anti-protectionist "commercial open continued. ing," which will include the elimina�ion of restrictive "prior Now they say that the previous measures "were insuffi import permits" as well as a further reduction of import tar cient, because inflationpresents a severe problem of inertia," iffs. According to the plan's authors. ithe cheaP,erinternation provoked by the so-called "rigidity of the economy," as ex al merchandise that will enter the n�ional market will put a emplified by workers demanding more wages and producers "ceiling" on prices of local produc�s, thereby "combating and retailers responding with price hikes. They argue that cost inflation." Much of the new import strategy will focus inflation is a "vicious circle" to be fought by "modifying on food. and already suffering beef, grain, and other agricul relative prices": freeing up interest rates, more devaluations tural producers are screaming that they will be wiped out by of the peso, and increasing prices for goods and services. All the increase of cheap, low-quality imports. of this, of course, hikes the cost of production... and yields This plan. discussed behind clQsed doors, has another more inflation. major problem, however; namely, tnat the devaluation of the peso has been so severe that it has practically annulled the What next? possibility for expanded imports. According to private ana What is now undeniable is that each of these "anti-infla lysts, this problem will be "artificially obviated" through tionary" zigs and zags has driven the economy deeper into creation of a kind of export trust th� would give subsidized the abyss. The June 1986 announcement of the government's dollars to certain importers, while maintaining the devalued economy strategy, known as PAC (Plan de Aliellto y Creci peso. miellto), definedthe goal of keeping inflationunder an annual 100%. It is now running at 140%, and rising. Another objec Economic disintegration tive was to achieve a growth rate of between 3% and 4% in This is no anti-inflationary program, but rather. the cul the GNP; nothing remotely like that has been achieved. mination of the process of deindusttlialization and denation After one year of applying the PAC (which in fact was alization of the Mexican economy!. Specialists who have EIR October 9, 1987 Economics 9 analyzed the statistics given out by the central bank, the finance ministry, and the planning and budget ministry, re veal that the country is undergoing a process of accelerated Currency Rates disintegration. The per capita industrial gross national product for the The dollar in deutschemarks lale afte_ first five years of de la Madrid's government registered an NewYork fixinll annual 2.3% decline. The value of total production fell 8.2% 1.I0 ! in 1983, and another 5.7% in 1986, something not seen since --r------_. 1940. The physical volume of industrial production, even if 2.00 it grows 4% this year. will not surpass 1978 levels. Central -- -- bank claims of a 4% increase in manufacturing production in 1.90 the first half of 1987 are provably purely for export. pure ...... looting. 1.80 � - In other words, the economy that supplies the internal market will continue at zero growth. or worse. The new "anti 1.70 inflationary" plan. which would finance the import of con 8/11 8/18 8125 'lI1 9/8 9/15 9/22 9/29 sumer goods. and not durable goods to supply industry, will The dollar in yen assure the absolute denationalization of the economy by si New York lale afternoon fixinll multaneously stripping it of both its industrial infrastructure and its food-producing capacity. 170 And. with the exhaustion of its international reserves through a combination of increased debt service and this 160 newest "anti-inflationary" strategy. Mexico's economy will reach rock-bottom-neither industry, nor employment. nor 158""""'" '"' production. - I. � """'" i 1341 8111 8118 8125 911 918 9115 9/22 9/29 .- •...... -. - � The British pound in dollars � iS�k New York late afternoon fixinll • - ,®. : Il.KeaI.. _: 1.70 - • • • • .... � "'--� • • 1.60 .,--r- • • -- .-I" i • • 1.50 • • • • 1.40 • • ---r-- -- 1 Wh8t aortofpeople need to learn a loreign library bindef. Order either, or • language.. quickl and effectivelyas pos- save 10C1bby ordering both: • y • 1.341 • 0 �n-:::... �. 2 t e (1 hr a=-�:,:g:ms:ulgnedto U.S. emb=;:�::,n:'�d�:�assies abroad, where::::!; V���::.olume calsettes 8/11 8/18 8/25 911 918 9/15 9/22 9129 t�:t�1 � :.' 7 ." • 0 II: Int.rmedi ••. 8 • • bl. to converse fluentl in 1 hr.), manual and 614-p. text. $120. ��ryr:: �::n� y (2 • • jCTresldents addsalestax.j • _=:--=:n,::=�:� • The dollar in Swiss francs Foreign ServiCe lnati'ute's Programmatic New' Y r late artorn .... n fixlnR • r rican • o k • o:.::'��-:: :k��s� To order by mail, clip this ad and send with • ==The U.S. <;:' Departmentof State�: has spent your name and address. and a check or • • n s o c 1.80 • :�:U:�:�:O�=�':t:�e� �� l��::� �:;:. ��:��:a��:�:rr:,vg�e� �� :� • • S.,.nish at your own convenience� and at closing card number, expiration date� , and o e • y ���:-� �onliSIS ot senes of cas- Y O Service • a InltituI.'. Spanil" • 1.7' Hit.. and accompanying textbook. Simply couru�iG;:=- i, unconditionilly teed. Tryit • e r n c t ..n r .... n • :�:=��8a�� :':�9� ��I�� :�� ��Ot�� ��:�e���s�i��r.°���t ::'f:�:� ;:i�� • 8 earning and speaking en- :�� S " refund • • ����� ��i: � :v':� ::�� :Ou;,��� gr:�t:!�! • 1.60 t •• ye courses in other languages also • 1'Na courM ur ... your. cu tt.S plaI r 130 i r46 • �O:�"'m-='== ::��� �� �u,.� ������ �::;:� ::� • r---.. • r y ting o y 1.58 \-... • �r'::r.��':,��-;�:��r.�� �::����� o • • The FSl's ProgrammaticSpanish Course • comes in two volumes, each shipped In ��� 2�9m a �On-the-G,een.t 1.48 • I . • GuiHord. CT 06437 ...... 8111 8/18 8125 9/1 9/8 9/15 9122 9/29 , •••.,.. "IC •• �� ..-". 1JIIIIIIo•• " 12031453·9794 • •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 10 Economics EIR October 9, 1987 Banking by EIR Staff FSLI C rescue plan sinks struments held by financial institu Depositors and savers will be left holding the bag, as the tions, since it is backed by the earn government underwrites the most bankrupt sectors. ings of households. As long as the earnings last, the debt will be hon ored. The same cannotbe said of many of the other types of instruments held by the banks and their financierfrie nds. T he much-touted congressionally ment will stand behind the indebted Of the total mortgages issued in approved, administration-backed res ness incurred. 1986, the thrift system issued 40% . cue of the bankrupt Federal Savings This has hair-raising implications: This means that fundamentally, the and Loans Insurance Corporation It means that the U.S. government is thrift system, because of the earnings (FSLIC) was launched during the first guaranteeing the right of the creditors of its depositors, and because of the week of October, when the financing of the thrift system to take over. the collateral against its loans outstand corporation, established by law to remaining assets of the system as a ing, say 40% of the mortgage market, borrowto replenish the insurance fund whole. What will be left for the de is in much bettershape than any other accounts, floated its first 30-year positors and savers, as their banks are sector of the financial system: a de bonds. stripped clean, is by no means clear, pendable income stream set against a The good news, for some, was that but won't be too much. long-term asset-building capability. the bonds were marketed successful This is evident from the simple The thrifts were wrecked by for Iy. The bad news was that the thrift discrepancy between the magnitude of mer Federal Reserve chairman Paul system's losses continued to grow in the FSLIC loss problem, and how Volcker's high interest rate policy of the second quarter. The net loss of much Congress and the administration the early 1980s, as the cost of borrow $1.6 billion for that three-month pe are prepared to finance that loss. ing new money rose above the interest riod is almost as much as the FSLIC Even the governors of the Federal payments on earlier mortgages. The has been empowered to borrow for the Reserve System now warn that the system was financiallybankrupted, as whole year. thrift system's losses are much greater it was encouraged to play the margins Thus the rescue plan, part of a po than anything Congress or the admin on international financial markets, to litical package designed to try to keep istration have publicly taken into ac cover the difference. the crumbling financial system togeth count. The figure bandied around by Now, it looks as if the so-called er through the elections in 1988, sank the Fed is in the range of $40 billion , rescue package is simply a scheme to before it even leftthe wharf. about five times greater than the Con have the U.S. government back the The plan gave the thrift system a gress and administration agreed to transfer of the relatively healthiestparts credit line of about $750 million with provide over the next few years. of the financialsystem to the most cor the Treasury , and empowered the However, the Federal Reserve es rupt and bankrupt part. The lenders to Federal Home Loan Banks to raise timates that the $40 billion would be FSLIC will get a first lien; depositors about $2 billion a year for the next four required now to liquidate the more than and savers have been set up to be swin years, by borrowing on the financial 500 member-institutions of the thrift dled. markets and hocking their member system which are already insolvent. The Fed brought up the actual ships' assets as collateral on the loans. The Fed's estimate is shared with thrift magnitude of the FSLIC crisis, to jus Implicitly the arrangement is backed system insiders and others. tify the reorganization of the banking by the faith and credit of the U.S. gov Thus, as we have warned before , system. That reorganizationwould rip ernment. Though it is stated in the act the "rescue plan" is nothing of the sort. offdepositors and savers, in favor of authorizing the arrangement, that the It is too little, and toolate , to stem the concentratingfinancial powerin a mere Financial Corporation, under which collapse of the system. Therefore , it handful of super-banks. It should be the Home Loan Banks can borrow isn't intended to. Mortgage debt, stopped, by reorganizing the financial funds, is not an agency of the U.S. backed by the earnings ofAmerica ns, system to protect the relatively health government, it is nonetheless as accounts for about one-third of the debt ier and stronger, not by feeding the sumed by those who are encouraging outstanding in the economy. The debt cancer which threatens to destroy ev the borrowing spree, that the govern- is of a different quality than other in- erything. EIR October 9, 1987 Economics 11 Africa Report by Mary Lalevee IMF's 'magic formulas' are a fraud States. This is largely due to the fall in The debt crisis has reached the point that 40% of export revenues commodity prices, whose export is the go fo r debt service. basis of rpost African economies. In the last three years alone, commodity prices have fallen by 30%. On average, Africa has to pay al most 40% of export revenue for debt service alone; many countries have to Various schemes were put forward Structural Adjustment Facility to about pay over 50%. Sudan is theoretically at the annual meeting of the Interna $12 billion, theoretically to provide supposed to pay 140%, $1 billion per tional Monetary Fund (IMF) and the additional financefor sub-Saharan Af year-obviously impossible. Ghana, World Bank in Washington at the end rican nations, this amount would which has strictly applied IMF mea of September, to try to keep the debt probablybe earmarkedfor repayment sures and devalued its currency to the crisis of the developing sector under of loans from the IMF and World point that it is only worth 1.8% of its control. Specifically for Africa, Brit Bank. Few dollars would actually be 1983 value, has to pay over 60% of ish Chancellor ofthe Exchequer Nigel transferred to Africa. export revenuefor debt service. Ghana Lawson put forward a three-point plan, The other "magic formula" being has managed to increase cocoa pro involving the conversion of aid loans discussed is the "debt-for-equity" duction, but now the price has col into outrightgran ts, longer repayment swap, described by one African min lapsed, showing once again that the periods, generous grace periods for ister at the meeting as "the latest form World Bank's policy of obliging Af other government-to-government of colonialism," according to the rican countries to concentrate on com loans, and a reduction in the interest French daily Liberation . He said, modity productionfor export is an in rates payable on these debts to below "Now we will have to give up the few tentional recipe for disaster. market levels. enterprises we have set up, just to pay The Organization of African Uni At the Commonwealth meeting in the bill." ty is to hold a special summit on debt Barbados on Sept. 24, Lawson urged The failure of IMFand World Bank in December, and Zimbabwe Finance Commonwealth finance ministers to policies in Africa is obvious and hid Minister Bernard Chidzero told the back his plan for the indebted nations eous: They have been applied for the Commonwealth meeting that African of sub-Saharan Africa, saying, "This last 20 years, and the situation has countries were considering freezing is not some kind of optional extra. It steadily worsened. The World Bank interest payments on the debt. "We are is absolutely essential. The heart of itself has written, "For the first time simply saying that we cannot pay." the problem for the poorest countries since World War II, an entire region Criticism of current World Bank is that, without some relief, they can has regressed during one generation." and IMF policy came from an unusual not even meet their interest pay And the situation is not improving, the source Sept. 29. The director of West ments." World Bank writes. "In the long term, Germany's Deutschebank, Alfred However, just like IMF loans, the the situation is going further down Herrhausen, told a press conference in plan would only apply to countries hill." Washington that large-scale debt can pursuing "satisfactory economic pol But the truth is, World Bank and cellation for the Third World was bet icies," which presumably means only IMF bureaucrats, malthusians to the ter than a crisis of the world banking those countries which apply IMF aus core, quietly view their policies as a system. Echoing French Agriculture teritypolici es, such as drastic cuts in success, on those very counts. Minister Fran�ois Guillaume's call for government spending on health and Since the beginning of the decade, a "Marshall Plan" for Africa, Her social services, which have led to in per capita income has fallen by 12% rhausen referred to the generous ar creased malnutrition and infant mor in the 29 poorest African countries, rangements of the Marshall Plan of tality rates in many countries. and in some countries like Chad, Ni 1947 and the 1952 debt settlement be Right now, the IMF is a net receiv ger, Tanzania, and Togo, per capita tween Germany and its former ene er of funds from Africa, and while income has actually fallen by 30%, a mies, calling this an historic model for IMF managing director Michael Cam drop similar to what occurred during a modern.,daydebt cancellation policy dessus has proposed tripling the IMF's the 1930s depression in the United (see Business Briefs). 12 Economics EIR October 9, 1987 Andean Report by Jaime Ramirez A marriage of necessity? Among the cOl!lcreteproposals the Venezuela's government is honeymooning with New York CTV has already offered are: strict ex bankers, but back home no one likes the groom. change controls, a program for con structing works of social interest, div ersification of the economy based on productive investment, construction of Wearing a broad smile, Venezue offer to expand aluminum plants in economic infrastructure for the coun lan Finance Minister Manuel Azpurua Venezuela, and to place $100 million tryside, and the recovery of both pub returned to his country Sept. 22, after of Venezuela's public debt on the bond lic and private companies driven into signing a debt refinancing "amend market. bankruptcy. ment" in the United States, and in The majority of Venezuela's pop There are also many worried formed the press that "confidence has ulation, however, is less than enthu members of the Venezuelan business been reestablished," and therefore, siastic with the banks' stamp of ap community, for whom the bankers' "now the new money is going to start proval. The labor wing of the ruling praise sounds like a death knell. The flowing toward our country ." Democratic Action party organized an sector of small- andmedium-sized in Azpurua has said the same thing extraordinary national labor plenum dustry gathered in Fedeindustria, de many times before. The difference is Sept. 22, at which the official policy manded at its Sept. 25 annual congress that this time, it would appear only of paying the debt "at whatever cost" the replacement of an economic mod New York's bankers are buying it. was explicitly rejected. el "which favo", speculation over The president of Chase Manhattan One of the fiercest attacks on the honest labor, and Ilsury over real pro Bank , meeting with Venezuelan Pres Lusinchi governmentfor failure to ad duction." Its president, Carlos Betan ident Jaime Lusinchi in New York on dress the needs of the workers, was cur, denounced as a "gambling den" Sept. 21, told him: "Many people think from Venezuelan Labor Federation the central bank's lending window that not paying is good business, but (CTV) President Juan Jose del Pino, which, on instructions of the latest In this is not a healthy path to fol who declared that "since 1959, there ternationalMonetary Fund mission to low. . . . Other countries have begun has existed the ill-fated custom of de Venezuela, is speculating with the pri to understand that Venezuela's path is livering the economic management of vate banks under the pretext of "elim the correct one," a reference to ongo the country to the oligarchy." He added inating inflation," such that there are ing debt negotiations with the banks that the financeminister has acted "like no credits available for industry or by Mexico, Argentina, and Brazil. the errand boy of the economic trade. The banker went on to promise groups." The director of the Federation of "different treatment for Venezuela," The final document of the labor Chambers of Commerce (Fedecamar and announced a package of voluntary plenum emphasizes that the greatest as), a fierce defender of the govern credits. According to the official news threat to Venezuela's national sover ment's debt payment policy, has agency Venpres, Chase's William eignty is "the effects of the foreign nonetheless been forced to protest the Butcher also praised Lusinchi's aus debt, the pressures of the international drastic lack of monetary liquidity terity policies, and spoke to the Ven financial institutions, and the manip which is asphyxiating the real econo ezuelan head of state about the "feel ulations of the industrialized coun my, and whose purpose is to shrink ing of satisfaction from doing things tries." imports so that the country has more well, as you have been doing." The CTV announced at the plen foreign exchange for servicing the The other meetings that Lusinchi um that it would be presenting the na debt. Said feder�ion chairman Fon held in New York followed suit. The tion with a strategic alternativeto pay seca Viso, the lack of credit "is be president of Morgan Bank committed ing the debt at all costs. Its document coming a truly dramatic situation. We his institution to working with Vene describes how the country's invest have learned that many companies zuela for access to the international ment programs were cut, while debt have reached a state of paralysis; this financial markets, and said that Ven service and operating expenses to will pose an immediate problem with ezuela should be taken as a model by gether went from 80.3% of the nation the agricultural hatvest . . . which will other countries. Morgan announced al budget in 1985, to 90.5% of the require resources of 7.5 billion bolf that it would soon be renewing an old 1986 budget. vares, and we dOlft have it." EIR October 9, 1987 Economics 13 BusinessBrief s Infra structure Kansas. don Conference debt settlement between Indonesia and the Philippines will also Germany and its former wartime enemies. Peru, Argentina be badly hurt by the measures. proposals. His remarks were rated as "unprece Seventeen million Filipinos-many who live dented" in Germanmedia commentaries, and map railway project in areas under assault from communist reb other bankers rushed to distance themselves els-are involved in the coconut industry. from his view. Deutsche Bank president Argentina and Peru agreed on Sept. 25 to Wilhelm Christians said that Herrhausen had accelerate consultations on a project for a only voiced "his personal opinion," that it trans-oceanic railroad , and to coordinate with was "notthe general opinion that there should Bolivia a meeting of foreign ministers on Health be debt cancellation for the Third World." the matter. Karl Otto Pohl, chairman of the Bundes Argentine Foreign Minister Dante Ca Soviet Union to work bank, hailed the IMF and called for more puto and Peruvian Foreign Minister Allan "discipline and muscle" in the international Wagner met at the United Nations to discuss with Japan on AIDS debt ne,otiations. the issue, and their governments have pledged to come up with a plan before the The U.S.S.R. is seeking cooperation with end of the year. Japan on AIDS research, according to Sept. The railroad would go from Matarani, 18 reports in the Japanese news service Kyo The DebtBomb in Peru's south, to Buenos Aires, Argentina. do, citing Soviet diplomatic sources. Wagner told UPI: "In general we would take The Soviet Union is working to inaugu Ex-'Ireasury official: advantage of the already existing railroad rate joint researchefforts against AIDS, and networks. We have to program the links and is offering the Japanese government a co 'Baker Plan' a fraud some improvements in the networks. We operationpact similar to agreements already have decided to continue ahead with this signed with West Germany and Italy, au Robin Broad, a former official of the U.S. project, and another aspect to consider is the thorizing the exchange of information and Treasury Department who now works at the preparation of regulations for the transport expertise on AIDS. The Soviets also are en Carnegie Endowment for International of cargo." Wagner stressed that "this is a gaged in joint AIDS work with the World Peace, charged that the much-touted Baker great project of horizontal integration." Health Organization. Plan for easing the pressures of the Third World debt, was never intended to solve the problem, but was "simply an attempt to steal the thunder from the newly inaugurated Pe Raw Materials Banking ruvian President Alan GarcIa, who had the gall to unilaterally implement his own for Malaysia hits ban Deutsche Bank head mula for cutting back Peru's unsustainable debt service without consulting the U. S. " on palm oil sales warns of debt crisis According to Broad, the plan was "past ed together in breakfast meetings" between Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Moha Alfred Herrhausen, director of West Ger Treasury Secretary James Baker III and mad has called U. S. and European Com many's Deutsche Bank, criticized the hard Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker. munity (EC) plans to restrict palm oil im line policy on debt repayment of the Inter portsfrom Malaysia an attack on "free trade ," national Monetary Fund, at a private press the International Herald Tribune reported conference in Washington, D.C. on Sept. Protectionism from Trolak, Malaysia on Sept. 28. 28. Large-scale debt cancellation is prefer Edible palm oil is Malaysia's third most able to a full-blown crisis of the banking India worried over valuable export,after crude oil and gas, and system, he said; it should be coupled with S timber, and accounts for 30% of Malaysian new credits to the debtor nations, to allow U. . textile ban land under cash crop cultivation. their economies to recover. The EC has proposed to raise an existing Herrhausen said that debt cancellation A bill passed by the U.S. House of Repre 12% import duty on vegetable oils, and a would be painful for the creditorban ks, but sentatives on Sept. 16, strictly limiting im U.S. congressional committee has begun the only other alternative, continued insist ports of textiles, clothing, and shoes, will hearings on a bill to label palm oil and co ence on debt repayment and increasing de seriously threaten India's exports to the conut oil as "saturated fats ," and hence a faults of the Third World over the next few United States, the Hindustan Times reported danger to health. The U.S. bill was intro years, would lead into a big banking and Sept. 18. duced by Rep. Dan Glickman of Kansas, world monetary crisis. An earlier bill had targeted Taiwan, who said the legislation would cut tropical Herrhausenreferred to the precedents of South Korea, Singapore, and Hong Kong, oil sales in favor of soybean oil produced in the Marshall Plan of 1947 and the 1952 Lon- but the new bill covers imports from all 14 Economics EIR October 9, 1987 Briefly countries, including European. The bill could The report notes signs of weakness in • SOVIET .CADEMICIAN V. affect the textile agreement between India private consumption in the United States. Ginzburg states that he has long con and the United States of February 1987, Despite the weaker American economy, the sidered fusion power the most impor which allows for five-yearexpansion of In IMF cheerfully predicts that growth will be tant scientific-technological problem dia's garment exports, and puts hand-loomed "reasonably well maintained" in the indus for humanity, but now he would put textiles outside the quota limit of Indian tex trial countries as a whole. high-temperature superconductivity tile exports to the United States. These con in first placer "Superconductivity stitute 18-20% of total Indian textile ex promises cOllpact and powerful ports . magnets for fusion installations," he U.S. Budget said, according to the Soviet news paper Izvestia of Sept. 23. Gramm-Rudman 'pain' Development • THE PHILIPPINES' Cordillera to hit after elections People's Alliance, an ecologists' in Japan to invest surgent operatibninstigated by the li in Ibero-America London financial sources view the latest kes of Princeton University'S Rich Gramm-Rudman "fix" as a short-term sta ard Falk, is now giving support to bilizer for the dollar, but warn that it could environmentalists in Thailand to stop Japanese Finance Minister Kichi Miyazawa make a recession even worse, particularly construction of the Nam Choan Dam. announced in a press conference in Wash after the 1988 presidential election. The CordilleraS group of 37,000 "in ington, D.C. on Sept. 2(j, that Japan intends The budget recently passed by Con digenous peoples" said that their suc to increase its investments in Ibero-America gress, and reluctantly signed by the Presi cess in fighting a dam project in the by $4 billion over the next three years, above dent, increases the fe deral debt ceiling by Philippines, which they successfully the $1 billion it annually invests now . "This $500 billion, and revives the automatic stopped, taug�t them the value of was what Prime Minister Nakasone meant budget-cutting provisions of the Gramm protecting lodl inhabitants and wild when he expressed interest in construction Rudman law, adopted by Congress at the life. 1 of a second Panama Canal ," during a recent end of 1985, and thrown out by the Supreme visit to Washington, Miyazawa said. Court in 1986, as an unconstitutional viola • IRAN plails to establish a new Japanese Foreign Minister Todashi Ku tion of the separation of powers. The "fix" weapons-traffij:king bureau in West ranari , meanwhile, said in a speech in Ven specifies that the cuts will be done by the Germany. The former main bureau, ezuela that his country was ready to contrib Executive Branch, not the Congress; it in which was based in London and was ute $2 billion to solving the continent's debt cludes a revival of the provision that 50% of recently closed by the British govem- problem. He met with President Jaime Lu , the required budget cuts will hit the national ment, handled 70% of all Iranian sinchi and others, and said: "Our govern defense. weapons purchases in the West. Iran ment is very much concerned about the for ''The new law was written assuming there reportedly plaps to employ the staff eign debt, which is the major problem faced will be no recession before 1993," a London of its former London bureau in either by Latin America, and wants to contribute source told EIR . "It is clear it was intended Frankfurt or Hamburg . as much as possible. " that the budget reduction pain hit after the 1988 election. But, if there is a recession, • TRANSFER OF RESOURCES then the deficitwill balloon. The automatic from Latin America abroad will reach cuts will then make the recession much more than 5% of GNP this year, "and 'The Recovery' worse." the capital promised us never ar Informed sources report that White rived," said Enrique Iglesias, Uru IMF projects bigger House Chief of Staff Howard Baker was guay's foreign minister, at a press instrumental in persuading the President, conference at the United Nations on deficit for U.S. against Defense Secretary Caspar Weinber Sept. 28. ger's advice, to sign the new Gramm-Rud The International Monetary Fund, in its new man "fix," using the argument that it was • 'THE U.S. ENTERS its 59th annual report, projects aU.S. federal budget urgent in order to restore confidence in the consecutive htonth of economic deficit nextyear that will be$50 billion higher international markets in the dollar. The def growth on Thursday, marking the than the White House expects. icit targets agreed were based on an ex third-longest expansion of the econ According to a report in the New York tremely favorable tax revenue period this omy since monthly records werefirst Times on Sept. 28, for short-term interest year, a reported "one-shot" tax gain from kept in 1854," if you believethe New rates, the IMF sees 7-7.5% next year, com last year's new tax bill, which will work in York Times. A:front-page article pro pared with 5-5.5% envisioned by the Rea the opposite direction in FY 1989-but, this claimed the g�d news on Oct. 1. gan administration. is afterthe elections. ElK October 9, 1987 Economics 15 �TIillScience & Technology America haslost its lead in space science Fo rmer NA SA AssociateAd ministrator Burt Edelson describes the loss oj U.S. leadership in sp ace science, and the question ojSovi et cooperation on a Marsprogr am. Dr. Burton I. Edelson resigned fr om his five-year post as Communications Satellite Corporation (COMSAT) for 14 Associate Administrator fo r Space Science and Applications years as director of COMSAT laboratories and as vice pres at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in ident and later senior vice president (or engineering. July . The multi-year delays in planetary and other space When I was at COMSAT, I had the opportunity to serve science missions due to the two-year stand-down in the Sp ace on President Reagan's transition team for NASA, so I got Shuttle program, and overall disarray in fu ture launch ve very interested in NASA and its activities. I was invited by hicle capabilities, have demoralized many in the space sci [former NASA Administrator] Jim Beggs to be Associate ence community, and made it almost impossible toplanf uture Administrator for Space Science and Applications at the time scientific missions . of a NASA reorganization in late 1981. While I was at NASA, In this interview, conducted on Sept. 17 by Marsha Free I was responsible for the $1.5 billion per year science pro man, Dr. Edelson discusses a proposal fo r V.S. -Soviet co gram and the space applications program. In addition to that, operationon unmanned missions to Mars. Although this pro I was responsible for two centers, the Goddard Spaceflight posal was originally promoted by anti-SDI television star Center, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Carl Sagan, it has begun to look more and more attractive to I left NASA in July and reported to Johns Hopkins Uni V.S. scientists, as a combination of paltrybudgets and lack versity in August. I am now serving as a fellow in the Foreign of commitment to any long-range space planning is viewed Policy Institute of the School of Advanced International in comparison to the aggressive Soviet Mars effort. Studies. I'll be working in international technological and scientific affairs, doing research, teaching, and writing in EIR: Could you please describe your background, and in that area. terest in the space program? Edelson: My first career was as a naval officer. I graduated EIR: In the international sphere, an issue has come up in the from the Naval Academy in 1947 and spent 20 years as a past year concerning the possibility of a joint U.S.-Soviet naval officer, and then retired. During my Navy service, I mission to Mars. This has been a very controversial issue was an engineering duty officer, and I had some experience since the Soviet Union is not a political ally, and is not relevant to the space program. When I was posted to the involved with us in the space station or any of the manned White House for three years, in the Carter and Johnson programs at this time. What is your idea of how this question administrations, I was a staff member of the National Space should be approached? Council. I also served for several years with the Office of Edelson: I consider it a very attractive opportunity for the Naval Research in the development of satellite communica United States, on balance. With my own military background tion systems. I left the Navy in 1967 and worked for the and my years of striving for U.S. technological leadership, 16 Science & Technology EIR October 9, 1987 I've had to wrestle with the question of whether cooperation with the Soviet Union to attain some desirable scientific and exploratory purposes would be done at the expense of some military or intelligence damage, or whether it would atten uate U.S. technological leadership. Having given that a lot of thought, and examined the program very carefully, I feel that it can be done in a way that not only doesn't diminish, but in fact increases our real and reputational leadership in the world in technology. I would claim that technological leadership is a force for national security in the same way that defense preparedness is, in a different way, but in many ways more powerfully than simple military preparedness. Let me go back and give you some of the history of this. The Soviets have, in recent years, dedicated their plane 'Burt Edelson: "Much of tary program very much to specific goals and have made the technology that NASA has developed has not significant accomplishments. The U.S. early took the lead been given recognition." and stayed way ahead in space science and space exploration. In the planetary area, we started out with the Mariner mis sions and the Viking, Voyager, and Pioneer missions, and explored both the inner planets and more distant planets, and window of opportunity comes up only every 25 months [for carried on a great program of space astronomy and astro Mars] and it turns out in even years now can we iaunch a physics, space plasma physics and Earth science from space. mission to Mars. The United States on the other hand, does The Soviets attempted without significant or spectacularre not have a very significant plan to go to Mars. We have only sults to do much of the same. the Mars Observer, which is a small spacecraft, although However, in the 1970s, they decided to concentrate their scientifically, a very important one, instrumented with out program on the planet Venus, and over the last five years, standing instruments. It's only one mission-no back-up have been extremely successful at it. During this later period and it will not be launched until 19912because of the delay in of time, they've put four successful landers on Venus, which all of the launch schedules we have. did scientific exploration; they put two radar spacecraft in orbit around the planet Venus and conducted very excellent EIR: Will this be the first U.S. planetary mission that will microwave surveillance of that planet, using a synthetic ap be launched without a second, back-up spacecraft? ertureradar which demonstrates outstanding technology and Edelson: Heretofore we have almost always launched pla very good science. In their Vega missions to comet Halley, netary missions in multiples. There was a long series of they stopped by Venus and dropped offtwo balloons to make Pioneers, there were two Voyagers, two Vikings, etc. How studies of the Venuti an atmosphere, which were highly suc ever, now we have a single spacecraft for Galileo [to Jupiter] , cessful and again demonstrated significant technology. They which should be the next one, and for Magellan, which is a do have something to be proud of, from their point of view, Venus radar mapper. Parenthetically, what we're doing with and they have an area of in-depth exploration of the planet the Venus radar mapper when we launch it, possibly in 1989 Venus which greatly exceeds that which the United States but more likely in 1990 or 1991, will be a repeat, with some has done. what better coverage and somewhat better precision, of what Now they have shifted their emphasis to the the red plan the Soviets did earlier. It's an indication that we're not sig et. They have gone to unprecedented lengths to identify the nificantly advancing the frontier. The thing in our missions specific missions and schedules which they plan to follow now, is gaining broader and deeper scientific data which is throughthe late 1990s, to the end of this century. They have important and very valuable, but world acclaim goes to those lined up a program which involves a launch less than a year who take steps to push back the frontiers as we did with from now, June of 1988, the Phobos project, which will Viking and Voyager, and which a�pears to be missing in launch two spacecraft to Mars to study the planet itself, the some of the much less ambitious things we have planned moon Phobos in detail, and possibly, if they're completely now. successful with the firstspacecraft, they will also explore the Back to your original question, on cooperation in a Mars moon Deimos with the second spacecraft. Following that, in program. With this new announcement of a new Mars sched 1992 they're planning another Mars mission, an asteroid ule, the Soviet spokesmen, primarily Roald Sagdev, the head mission, and a series of Mars landers, rovers, and even a of the Space Research Institute, but also Valery Barsokov, sample return in 1996 and 1998. the head of the VernadskyInstitute , have strongly invited the As you know, one can't go to the planets just any time participation of U. S. scientists in their program and have you want, because of the placement of the planets. A good publicly stated how happy they would be if the United States EIR October 9, 1987 Science & Technology 17 were tocooperate with them in Mars exploration. They have a new project. What you can do, is coordinate existing proj suggested joint Mars rover/sample return missions. The mis ects. We've already had a meeting, and definitely plan to sion which they have suggested and even drawn on black coordinate our Mars Observer mission with their Phobos boards and shown on viewgraphs provides for an American mission. large roving science base which is landed on the Martian With respect to a U.S. government response, we have surface, moves around with various scientific instruments, essentially, officiallyignored their invitation. We've said the makesmeasurements of the Martian surface and the Martian Soviets have not actually offered an invitation to the United atmosphere, and tries to get a penetrator into the soil. In States government. What they have done is invited American addition, it picks up and maintains samples of the Martian scientists individually, sometimes in public speeches, such surface. as the presentation Barsokov gave at the planetary explora The Soviets would provide a return vehicle. After the tion conference in Pasadena in May, in which he, as an roverhas done its scientific evaluation and picked up samples, individual, invited American participation in the Mars rover/ the rover would rendezvous with the return vehicle, which sample return mission. My own feeling is that the Soviets the Soviets would have put down on the surface, and the will not embarrass themselves by making an official invita Soviet vehicle would return to the Earth [with the samples] . tion which we would possibly refuse, but their senior officials The Soviets have also suggested that the European Space have publicly offered the opportunity, and they're waiting Agency might be responsible for the Mars orbiter which for some kind of response from us before they take the next would provide communications, navigation, and orbital sci step. entific support to the rover mission (U. S .) and the return I feel that we really have three choices: We can accept mission (the Soviets). So we would have a true international their invitation, and that's very easy to do by any statement mission with Soviet, American, and European contributions. or expression on the part of a senior official of the U.S. They also have invited, but in more general terms, partici government, leading to conferences, and so on. We can reject pation by the Japanese space agencies. their invitation and compete with them on a Mars rover/ sample return. And number three, we can continue to ignore EIR: What is the current state of negotiations on taking the theirinvitation , not have a Mars program of our own, and go Soviets up on their offer? There have been differences of about doing different things, such as a comet mission, or a opinion on the U.S. side. Recently, the State Department mission to Saturn-both of, which we have planned-and refusedto allow U . S. satellite owners to launch on the Soviet not include a significant Mars effort. I think that number Proton booster, for example. one-to accept-provides a very attractive opportunity. Edelson: The Soviets have specifically asked various sci Number two, reject, would be a very foolish thing to do. It entists to participate in their mission, to provide instruments would cause resistance and resentment, not only of the inter and to be co-investigators in various experiments. These national community, but of our own scientific community, American scientists have come to NASA and asked for guid and we would be without the ability to effectively compete. ance as to whether they can accept the invitation, and whether We simply could not mount a Mars sample return mission in NASA would be willing to help support them financially, for this century. We don't have the capability to launch it, and example, with the instrument development program, or even won't for several years, let alone to design, test, and conduct just travel funding to go to the Soviet Union. Basically, the mission. Nor would we have the funds to pay for it. NASA has kept them on hold and said, "We don't have any agreement with the Soviet Union on that, so we can't really EIR: Leaving the question of the money aside, you are say allow or honor any commitments made by individual scien ing that we have not developed the technology base to do a tists." We do have an agreement, signed several months ago, sample return Mars mission? withthe Soviet Union to resume the bilateral cooperation that Edelson: No, I think it could be effectively argued that we we terminated in 1982. So after a five-year hiatus, we do do have all the technology that's needed. Basically, we don't have an umbrella agreement, which allows us to cooperate have the operational capability to do it-the launching and with the Soviet Union. We have organized a number of [bi logistics base. This would be a mission that would be of the lateral] committees, and one of them is on planetary explo same level of technology and same order as Viking [the 1976 ration. However, this agreement does not provide for any unmanned landing on Mars]. Despite the fact that we have a intimate cooperation in individual missions such as launching lot more technology, and more modem technology to do it, our instruments on theirspacecraft or exchange of engineer which is an advantage, we have far less base to do it from, ing or design information of the type that would be necessary and much less operating capability . It's going to be years to integrate two spacecraft together or an instrument on a before we have an effective launching capability that we spacecraft. What it does provide is for coordination of ap could count upon to meet a heavy-lift and short-window proved projects, so you can't, under the agreement, originate situation. 18 Science & Technology EIR October 9, 1987 The third opportunity, ignoring it, is the most likely thing concerning the technnology developed from the space sci we will do; it is what we seem to be doing and there is no ence programs. Most people are familiar with the new tech indication that we could gather our forces to change it. I think nology from the Apollo program, but do not know aboutthe that it's a bad thing to do, because the Soviet Union which developments from the space science areas. Could you de will actually do the sample returnmissi on, with less science scribe the study? and less capability on the Martian surface than we could Edelson: NASA has two efforts which are aimed at devel provide; they will do it to a great deal of international recog oping technology. One is the space technology program in nition and acclaim and that would be a great political loss for the Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology, and the the United States. second is the technology utilization program which is in the On the question of technology transfer-you realize that Office of Commercial Programs. The former tries specifical the Mars rover/sample return mission, as I described what ly to develop the technologies which are foreseen to be need the Soviets suggested, has no technology transfer except on ed in the next few years. The latter tries to describe and the Martian surface, so there would really be no necessity for promote the new technologies developed into the commercial the Russians and Americans to sit down together, to work at sector. each others' factories, research laboratories, or to exchange However, I've been aware for a long time, that much of design or engineering data at any intimate level. Of course the technology that NASA has developed has not been given we'd have to do our system engineering together to make recognition. New technology, I felt, was involved in the very sure that the whole program plays together, but that does not advanced projects that we did-for example, to explore the significantly hurt technology transfer. planets, or to develop very sensitive instruments to explore Finally, I would say that the exchange of instruments the Earth , or celestial objects. I felt that those technologies which seems to have a lot of opposition on the part of the werees sentially not labeled and publicized because they were Defense Department, particularly, Richard Perle's old office, done in the course of and incidental to the development of is in my opinion, a red herring. All of the responsible indi space vehicles. They were performed under a program man viduals in the study that was led by [retired General] Lew ager rather than a technology discipline manager, and they Allen [head of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory] and such were generally [developed because of] obstacles that were knowledgeable people on it as [former CIA official] Bobby overcome in the course of the program, and as soon as they Inman, claimed that there was no significant technology were overcome, they were forgotten. transfer simply through allowing them to look at and launch With that belief, I caused a study :to be made about three a black box instrument; that there's very little they could years ago, which took two years to do on that subject: To observe even if they would do what we doubt that they would what extent are important technologies developed in the course do, which is to saw open the box and take it apart, and look of major programs? We used the Hubble Space Telescope at the pieces and parts, devices and components that are and the Galileo mission to Jupiter, performed under the di inside the box. Reverse engineering of electronic devices and rection of the Marshall Space Flight Center and the Jet Pro circuits is an extremely ineffectiveand inefficientway to gain pulsion Laboratory, as case studies. We had a contract team technology. investigate those two programs in great detail, speaking to Therefore, I think there is much to be said for [coopera the program manager, project manager, the people who tion] ,. This mission is absolutely consistent with the un worked on the program in the center, the project managers at manned planetary program in Sally Ride's report. The bot thevarious prime and subcontractors, and in everycase , with tom line, as far as I'm concerned, is that we should accept a series of questions, to try to identi(y what was overcome. the Soviet invitation to participate with them in a Mars rover/ It wasn't easy to do because those variousindividuals are not sample return mission in the latter part of the 1990s. The way veryattuned to this. At first, there was a little bit of resistance, to do that, I think, is to agree now because it doesn't cost any thinking that the contract team was some kind of an auditing money and it doesn't involve any technology transfer, and team to find problems ...but I assured them we weren't it's politically stimulating and useful to agree now to sit down tryingto finderrors or audit their books. Quite the contrary, for two years and plan the mission. Then the decision to we were trying to find significant successes that had been actually commit resources and do the mission is contingent made in the course of the work. on coming up with a good plan and is something made by the The results werethat theydid idelltify in the two projects, next administration, and doesn't commit us or cause any just over 100 important new technological developments, harm. It would be something that this administration could and of those, about 10 were in the c*tegory "highly signifi gain a lot of benefitfrom and it would fitin very neatly in the cant." They are in various interesting fields: in materials current high-level Soviet-American talks. development, electronics, optics, structures, andso on. I'll give you one example. During the course of the de EIR: I know that your office had been involved in a study velopment of the Hubble Space Telescope, a subcontractwas EIR October 9, 1987 Science & Technology 19 let to Boeing Aerospace to develop what's known as the it's paid for by the taxpayers' fund. However, there is a little metering truss and the focal plane support structure. The bit of resistance on the part of contractors to do that. If that metering truss is the support structure which supports the same contractor gets another contract, he will use the same telescope tube. It keeps it straight, keeps it aligned. It's big, technology again, but it doesn't get widespread use. it's heavy, and it has a tendency to warp from thermal con One example is painting. It's kind of a minor technology ditions [alternatinghot and cold in Earth orbit] and the focal in coatings, of various kinds. If there's one aircraftcontractor plane structure supports the scientificinstruments . There are or missile contractor, and they have trouble getting the paint five big instruments plus the fine guidance sensors that are to stick to a certain kind of metal, the contractor screws attached to the focal plane and make various measurements. around with and tries various things, and when he gets one There are a couple of cameras, there are two spectrographs, to work, why he says, "Fine, now we know how to do that." there's a photometer, and there are three guidance senSOIll. So, he paints that missile or that airplane with that particular There are eight of these instruments, and they are very big kind of paint that he's developed, and he doesn't make a big and very finely tuned, and they have to be supported very deal about it and his people remember that. But every other rigidly and they have to have outstanding thermal proper airplane or missile project that we've got, is going through ties-since they have to go through some temperature cycle, the same difficulty, and they all have to solve that problem, they can't bend or warp because you're looking for a very over and over again. faint signal and everything has to be aligned and kept aligned very accurately. Specifically, the telescope has to be kept EIR: The United States has developed an exciting array of aligned to seven milliarc seconds-7 thousandths of a sec Earth remote sensing technology over the years. It . would ond. There are 360 degrees in a circle, and 60 minutes in a seem to me that if you put all of the data together from the degree, and 60 seconds in a minute, and this is 7 thousandths oceans, the land, and the atmosphere, you could get a three of a second. That's very fine. It's so finethat you could point dimensional picture of the Earth which would give you in at a dime from Washington to New York and you wouldn't formation about agriCUlture, fishing, weather, and many oth wander off the dime, for a period as long as 20 hours. er things. Can you tell us about the international geosphere/ So this very large structure had to be lightweight, rigid, biosphere program, that you have been involved in, which strong, with a low coefficientof thermal expansion. It was a will be starting soon, to do this global remote sensing? very difficult structural problem. Boeing chose to build this Edelson: NASA has had an outstanding program of devel out of a graphite epoxy. They made basic advances in mate opment of remote sensing capabilities as part of its applica rials, basic advances in the forming of the structure, in the tions program, starting with the Tiros [weather satellite] in attachment of the structure tq itself, and of thegraphite struc 1960 and going up through 1981. The work that was done ture to the metal structure [of the telescope] and basic ad was for practical applications, and we had separate programs vances in the major structural software program. for observingthe land, the sea, and the atmosphere-we had The [computer software] program that does this is one a Landsat, a Seasat, and we have meteorological satellites that's been developed by NASA over years, called NAS that did those three. Our goals were practical. We were trying COM. It shows how to design complex structures, and this to predict the weather, find Earth resources, and we were required basic additions to that software package. It was trying to provide a better knoweldge of the sea for the Navy generally known by the project people that Boeing had done and commercialshipping , and for fisheries. a good job, but they didn't realize what a marvelous advance It wasn't until they joined the Office of Applications and ment in materials and structural hardware and softwaretech the Office of Science together that we were able to join these nology had been made by Boeing. That was one of the things three programs together, and understand that the whole is that came out of the study. very much greater than the Slim of its parts, in this regard. We then had a different mission to justify the work that we EIR: Did you find other areas where this new material can weredoing , and that mission was science-an understanding be applied, either in other areasof the space program, or in of the Earth as a system, how it works, whereas previously industry more generally? our goals. though laudable, were narrow and had to be in Edelson: We didn't in this study. The study was simply to tensely practical. Now they could be broader and more gen identify them. NASA is now presenting and explaining the eralized. There were immediately, we understood. several study and circulating the study around, hoping to get people points. One is thatthere is a synergy between missions, and to do just what you suggested, which is to use this technology synergy between disciplines. We found that we were finding in other areas. First you have to recognize that it exists, before out a lot of information about the land from Seasat, and we you can transferit and adapt it to other purposes. There's the were finding out a lot about water use, ocean surfaces, ice problem of intellectual property. Various contractors don't coverage, and other oceanographic concerns with Landsat, want to give to other contractors a lot of help in getting the and we were actually using meteorological instruments to technology. That technology is in the public domain, because surveyboth the land and the sea. We had a lot more than we 20 Science & Technology EIR October 9, 1987 realized we had . pletion of ozone , we believe throughout the atmosphere, but Second, by using two instruments or more , we could get it's spectacular in the Antarctic regiol!l.. We're not sure of a lot more information about the same phenomena. For ex how it is happening or what the causes are. The data are from ample, we could take radar information from Seasat or SIR recent years. We're not sure whether we're seeing part of a A or SIR-B-that' s the Shuttle Imaging Radar that we flew cycle or whether it's monotonic . We're not sure whether it's and use it with the optical infrared (IR) we got from Landsat, caused chemically, by the chlorofluorocarbons, or whether and get a very interesting picture that you couldn't get either it's caused by or related to the solar cycle, or whether it's with the radar alone or the optical IR alone . We decided to simply dynamic, caused by atmospheric movements. It's all embark upon a total program to look at the Earth as a system part of this program. and provide large platforms which had on each platform a Other parts of it that are causing us concern are the build combination of instruments to look at the land, sea, and up of carbon dioxide in the upper atmosphere, the build-up atmosphere; in addition, the biosphere , which is the biota of of methane in the upper atmosphere, the problems of acid the Earth , the living systems. rain, of pollution, of changing land use, the cutting down of One other fortuitous development occurred to us in 1982 the tropical forests in Brazil and the desertification of parts and 1983 when we began to put the program together, and of Africa, the burning of fossil fuels-aIl of these things are that was that the state of the art in computation had advanced part of this global ecological system, and we now have the enormously, largely for other purposes-the development of tools and the capability of getting an understanding of how supercomputers for numerical aerodynamic analysis, and so this system really works, what changes are taking place, and on . What we found out was that we had two great advantages. possibly altering or reversing some of these changes. But One was the vantage point of space, to mount multiple in first, we have to understand it. So this is a wonderful pro struments to observe the Earth in various parts of the electro gram. magnetic spectrum, and the other was a very outstanding Where we are at the present time is that the International information system, including satellite communications links, Council has approved the program. It will be a decade-long supercomputers , and advanced software to analyze and dis program, probably starting in 1992, which has been desig tribute the data. So, we had all the makings of a global Earth nated the International Space Year. I just attended a meeting system information program. in Hawaii wherethere was a lot of supportfor declaring 1992 With that concept only dimly in mind, NASA made a the commencement of the IGBP. ICSU has formed a secre presentation at the United Nations UNISPACE 82 conference tariat to coordinate the program. Within the United States, held in Vienna, in August of 1982. We made a wonderful NASA, NOAA (the National Oceanographic and Atmo presentation calling for a global program and we called it spheric Administration), and the National Science Founda Global Habitability. That program was received with great tion have all done a joint study and came out with a joint interest by the scientific community in various parts of the report, and we've all agreed to work together to promote the world, but [with] very little enthusiasm politically, and be program . It doesn't call for lots of new money . It merely calls came controversial in several respects. That program, al for coordination of the things we are akeady doing, or have though not accepted by the world community [at that time], firm plans to do, but to coordinate them and to use them for was studied over a period of two or three years, by bodies all the benefit of the national program and provide the exchange over the world-in the United States, by the National Acad of data. NASA is already spending between $300-400 mil emy of Sciences-and then [was] recommended as an inter lion a yearthat is directly contributing to this program. national program, and recently adopted last September by the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU), as an EIR: This program will not requireorinvolve the launching international programknown as IGBP-A Programfor Global of new spacecraft or developing new technology for the United Change. IGBP means International Geosphere/Biosphere States? Program. Edelson: We have an ongoing program that will do this. We It has as its goal an understanding of how the Earth op have the Landsats in orbit, and we're counting on Landsat 6 erates as a system; the oceans, the atmosphere, the solid and 7. We have UARS [Upper Atmopshere Research Satel Earth, and its vegetative cover all inter-operate; how the lite] which is to be launched in 1990. That's a major program. nutrient cycles work-carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus-how We have TOPEX, that we're doing together with France. they circulate through the atmosphere , the oceans, through Those are all partsof the program. MOistimportant of all, we living systems, and how that system is changing. In particu have the polar platforms in project EOS, Earth Observation lar, how anthropogenic effects are causing what we now System. The polar platforms are [part of the] space station. realize is a delicate balance in the Earth's system, to change, There 's one American platform and one European platform, and in many cases we fear, irreversibly. An excellent exam and those are the platforms that will carry all the instruments ple that is in the headlines today , is the ozone depletion. We I mentioned before . Those programs more than justify the have, through space observations, found somewhat of a de- whole space station program. In fact, in my opinion, they are EIR October 9, 1987 Science & Technology 21 the most important part of the space station program, and they're not given much [attention] because they're not con troversial . Everyone loves them. EIR: But the program can start even now, in terms of coor dinating the data that a number of nations are already accu mulating? Space: the national Edelson: What the international office will do under the program will be the coordination, control, and accumulation by CasparWe inber er of the data; archiving and distribution of the data, and holding � of symposiaevery year on progress on the IGBP. The actual contributions to the program will be made by national proj Excerptsfrom U.S. Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger's ects . There won't be an international satellite-there will be remarks to the Air Force Association convention in Washing aU.S. , a European , a Japanese, a Russian satellite, and they ton, D.C., on Sept. 14, 1987: will all be coordinated and contribute their data. An interna tional team of scientists will work on the data. It requires Since the tragic loss of the Challenger and its courageous scientists, from the countries I named, but also from Brazil astronauts, our entire space program, both civilian and mili and India, because they're big players in this, and scientists tary, has come under the most intense scrutiny. And this is from China and from the black African nations. We all are as it should be. We owe nothing less to the Challenger crew concerned about the planet's future and we now have reasons and to ourselves than to uncover the reasons for that failure to be concerned, and we hope to benefit from it. and that tragedy, and in so doing, to map the future of our success. But that scrutiny, for all its benefits, has generated EIR: Can this data also be used for positive economic de some idle talk about Ameri¢a being lost in space and without velopment for the industrializing nations? a goal and without a mission. And I'd like to just reject that Edelson: Yes, we have a Landsat station supported by NASA characterization, and I thought you oUght to know why . in the past and NOAA, but it is mostly supported by AID Today more than at any time in the 30 years now of our [Agency for InternationalDevelopment in the Department of space program, it's essential for the American people to State] . It's located in Nairobi and it's used for surveys of appreciate the real challenge of space, the national security resources, the expansion of the desert, the burning of fossil challenge. And to do this, we must firstunderstand how space fuels, and even disease agents. They use it to understand and relates to defense. We have to adopt a national security per predict the flights of locusts, because they can understand spective, free from the misperceptions that so frequently where they would be harbored and borne by the winds, and infect debate about defense in space. As with any other arena, so on. We've made a multi-spectral image of the entire Af whether it's land, �a or air, space is a region of political rican continent, and we do it over again each year . You can competition. It can be free and open to use by all nations, as see the changes in the growth of the desert, in the rainfall, are the oceans on Earth, or it can be the sole possession of a the concerns of land-use changes, and climatic changes. single nation or a political ideology. Free access to space We've even found effects of El Nino [cyclical warm-water does not mean that all nations have equal means of using current off the Pacific Coast of South America] which was space. firstfound in the Pacific, but it's got relations in South Amer But again, just as in the case with international open ica and in Africa. The Earth is a big system, and we know waters, it means that space is not the exclusive domain of any little about the transfer of energy from the oceans to the one nation. It means respecting therights of all nations to use atmosphere and back and forth . Heretofore , these [aspects] space. And as the leader of the freeworld , our goal has always have been studied by entirely different people, with very been to ensure that no power could stand in the way of spotty information. unrestricted access to space. And as with politics among the Take oceanography-ten years ago, if you went to an nations on Earth thatthe purposefulassertion of freedom only oceanographic conference, ·the people there would be ship means something when and if it is backed by political and board people, and they would have information about the military strength, and this realistic view of space is informed oceanthat was taken from a dozen ships at various locations, by experience, and is consistent with the history of nations. at various times. If you plotted [the data] on the Earth's This view focuses clearly on our responsibilityfor deter surface, you'd see very scattered data points. Now, more ring any effortto deny free access to space. And further,from than 50% of the people at any oceanographic conference are this perspective, we can appreciate how really bogus is the space scientists, and they have information that is very com Soviet charge that we are militarizing space. Such a charge prehensive that covers the total Earth's oceans, so whatever is nothing more than that transparent propaganda they use so data they have is synoptic . much, and has nothing behind it than the invidious intent to 22 Science & Technology EIR October 9, 1987 cessful reliance on the nation's technological leadership to offset the Soviets' numerical advantage, that has sharpened our dependence on space-based assett. The tremendous ca pabilities of some of our most important weapons systems and forces would be really dangerously reduced if we didn't have access to space-based systems. Such things as very security challenge specialized and accurate weather forecasting, which is made possible by meteorological satellites, lare essential to the de terrence mission of our strategic forces. And those same strategic forces also need data which is available only from space to accomplish their missions, including communica benefit themselves. Clearly, it is not the militarization · of tions and navigational devices. space we must fear. That took place 30 years ago. It's the So we must come to recognize how absolutely dependent dominance of space by forces hostile to liberty that we have we are on space resources for the protection of our freedom to worry about. The United States, the Soviet Union, and and our way of life. And we must provide a proper framework other nations use space to support national strategic goals and to address the future national security needs that will be even scientific inquiry. We know that, and there shouldn't be any more dependent on space. And as We pursue the Strategic question about it. The issue is not the use of space, but the Defense Initiative, improve space-based navigational abili issue is the strategic goals of those nations in space. ties and other space-based programs,: and all of these things From time to time, some of you may have heard me will mean that our reliance on space will grow in the future. mention the difference in strategic goals between the Western And so, it's from this perspective Ithat the Department of Alliance and the Soviet Union, and I hardly think I need Defense approaches space, in recognition of our increasing repeat myself to this audience. So today, I'd like to address dependence and of the opportunities that space provides for our requirements for space, and outline the elements of a better defense in the future, I signed a new defense space strategy to guide our space activities in the years ahead. policy earlier this year. And I'd like to tell you a little bit At the outset, we must appreciate the critical role that about that. That policy identifies directions that we must space has assumed in the national security efforts of the pursue in using space for the increased security of the Free United States and the Soviet Union, as well as for other World. And then in recent weeks, we have taken another step nations. Space-based platforms provide a range of capabili toward preparing the United States to define how space re ties that underpin deterrence, and strengthen defense capa sources can contribute to future defen$e. Our Departmenthas bilities during conflict. Our commanders depend on space initiated a detailed assessment of Soviet and U.S. space ac based systems for crucial aspects of combat readiness, for tivities. And we're contributing to a Ilew national space pol communications, surveillance, attack warning assessment, icy that's being developed by the National SecurityCoun cil, command and control, weather predictions, navigation. Space and being developedvery well by thelm, I might say. is really more than just the medium of choice for these mis These efforts are really well timed, because they respond sions. It has become the only medium in which some impor to our irrevocable reliance on space-based resources and our tant defense functions can be conducted efficiently. And the current limitations in our launch capability that result from fact is that without space-based systems, our military would the shuttle tragedy. And they respond to the need to guide simply not be the credible and reliable force that it is today, our continuing response to the Soviet space effort, which and that is the key to successful deterrence today. increases all the time. The nature of our forces and our global commitment to During the past year, there havebeen several news stories the protection of freedom makes us fully dependent on space asserting that the United States has lost its lead in space. based systems, and we should never forget that. Communi Well, this is not so. In terms of operational militarycapabil cations with forces deployed in worldwide ways, coordina ity, now, and so far as we cari see in the future, we have a tion of those forces, command and control on a daily basis capability which exceeds equivalence of Soviet capability, and during conflict,the logistical requirements of readiness, and in almost every quantifiable measure-we measure op and all these other challenges of defense simply could not be erational capability in terms of quality and quantity and ac met without space-based resources. curacy and the timeliness of mission data to the users, not in To just consider, for example, the task of maintaining these ambiguous and less meangingful comparisons of tons communications with our forces. How could we communi of cargo placed in orbit, or number of man-days in space, cation effectively and exercise command and control without and so on. space-based communications systems. Even if a reliable ter But, we use the operational measure of merit, and when restrial system could be built, the cost would be-well, if we do that, we feel that we are now" clearly superior. But, you'll permit me-astronomical. And our historic and suc- we have deficiencieswhich must be qorrected. And I'll tryto EIR October 9, 1987 Sciepce & Technology 23 address those in a moment. And we also have to maintain very essential new development of our space program. this lead. With the dependence on space systems expanding Then, as I said, closely related to the Soviet space pro all the time, and severe fiscal constraints continuing, it is gram is their work on strategic defense. They've masked this essential that we develop a coordinated government-wide as best they can by propaganda. They talk about what a response to these challenges in space that clearly are ahead. terrible thing it would be to have this. But their strategic Any defense program must begin with an appreciation defense program dwarfs ours. They've been working on it for the capabilities of our adversaries. We say we are ahead, many more years. They have the only operational anti-satel we believe so, but there is no need here to detail the Soviet lite and ABM systems in the world. The CBCRA estimates space program. Many of you are very familiar with it, and it that Moscow could have prototypespace-based anti-satellite is very large. I want to emphasize, that their program is far laser weapons by the early 1990s. Clearly, the Soviet effort more active than ours , and has an unmistakable military in space and research and in technologies useful for space operation. In fact, we think about 90 %, at least, of Soviet based ABMS, strategic defensive systems, and their ability space launches and satellites, are dedicated to military or to target allied military assets-their work to achieve that is military-related missions. Since that Sputnik launch, which a matter of the greatest concf1l1lto us. That's why it seems to was 30 years ago now, 30 years next month, the Soviets have me such blatant hypocrisy for the Soviets to complain about built a very strong space program, with very robust launch the militarization of space. capabilities. Well, we must respond both to the Soviet developments They have an impressive manned effort. They have an in space, and to the vulnerabilities of our dependence on operational anti-satellite force. And an expansive research space for deterrence. But we cannot, and, indeed, we must program, with potentially significant application to future not merely attempt to mimic the Soviet space program. We military systems. They are also working, and have been for need to develop our capabilities to support our operational at least 18 years, to secure the very strategic defense system leads. And so, this was the point at which we asked, in thatthey claim is such an obstacle to an agreement when we formulating our space policy, "What are the elements that do it. should guide our national defense strategy for space?" Impressive Soviet achievements in manned missions are First, our space strategy must acknowledge that deter announced with regularity, and our effort now remains con rence at all levels of potential conflictcannot be accomplished fined to the Shuttle. They've demonstrated a unique ability without space-based forces. Military space operations are as to travel between space platforms, and their space stations essential to deterrence as are our air and land and sea forces. are in orbit now. And they're using space access to advance So our strategy must seek to provide and protect the space defense technologies. For example, the Earth observation based systems that are critical to deterrence. And we must experiments that are conducted from their Salyut space sta not be diverted from this defensive and vital requirement by tion, suggest that they are evaluating the ability to locate and any Soviet hypocritical protest that we're militarizing space identify and track targets from outer space. This has an ob and thatwe , therefore, should both stop. Accomplishing our vious value in an effort to deploy space-based weapons, or objective will require the speedy recovery ofour launch ca to target allied defense forces. pability. Near-term recovery actions are already under way And again, while I say we are ahead in operational ca with the new Delta-type programs, and our strategy must pabilities, we have to bear in mind their very impressive focus further out into future and respond to a variety of accomplishments. One of the most impressive accomplish evolving military requireme�ts . We simply must secure a ments, is their massive launch capability. They appear to be launch capability that significantly reduces the cost to place building a launch capability that exceeds any projected re payloads in orbit, is powerful enough to lift the payloads quirement significantly, and it includes the kind of rapid required by SOl and other programs, and is robust enough to launch and reload abilities needed to attack our satellites, and protect against catastrophic failures. We must do it soon. to regenerate space assets lost during war. The same kinds of And, yes, it's going to cost money. That's an inescapable thingsthey 'redoing with their INF and their ICBMS. fact which always seems to astound and appall our Congress In short, the Kremlin appears to have focused its space men, but it never disturbs or delays the Soviets for even one effort to support and conduct combat operations, and there week. must be nodoubt about that whatever. In addition, the Krem So our dependence on space for deterrence marks the lin's new medium, and their heavy-lift vehicle-we don't relative vulnerability of space-based assets as a critical issue have heavy-liftvehicles yet-provide an increasedmeans to to be addressed by space strategy. To be effective, these lift huge payloads that are needed to build large space plat satellites and other systems must be able to survive a variety forms, which, in tum, would be required for space-based of existing and potential Soviet threats, from their ASA Ts to strategic defense and supporting systems. We need them; GEM. We must pursue all available means to make our · we're trying to get them. We asked for the funds in the space-based assets invulnerable. Hardening defense against Supplemental this year. Congress, of course, turned that attack, redundancy, reconstitution-all of these have to be down. But we are going to continue to ask, because it is a employed to protect these absolutely vital resources. Surviv- 24 Science & Technology EIR October 9, 1987 ability is best insured, of course, by deterring a Soviet attack tion agreements are possible. Now j obviously, this latter on our space systems. Therefore, it's just as simple as the point is particularly important today, as we anticipate the same strategy we use with everything else. We need to be beginning of discussions between Secretary Shultz and For able to hold Soviet space-based assets at risk, as we hold their eign Minister Shevardnadze. And I hope these will be very ground-based assets at risk. fruitful. But today we can't do that. The Soviet ASAT is de Maintaining the climate of political progress, is an im ployed, and ours remains mired in Congressional protests portant goal. And our space assets, as an element of perceived that we must not be provocative or some such thing. It's not United States defensive strength, and an expression of per only militarily unsound. It is a piece of folly which can only ceived national resolve, these can contribute greatly to that delight the Soviets and-worse-it may invite attacks on climate. And indeed, we believe that many of the elements exposed, but totally essential United States space bases. of progress that we have seen recently, in arms reduction Well, secondly, our strategy must also seek to accom talks, have come from that correct perception of growing and plish the very specific goal of ensuring free access to space increased strength. for all nations, in the same way that free access to the Earth's Furthermore, our space systems provide the essential ele oceans is maintained. This goal encompasses our vital na ment of verification, without which, any arms limitation tional interests and the utility of space for scientific, industri agreements wouldn't even be possible. And so, in closing al, and commercial purposes. Thirdly, our strategy must today in the anniversary week of our nation's Air Force, it is encourage interaction between defense and civilian space my great privilege to express my sincere hope that in the next programs. Our defense requirements must remain the pri 40 years of Air Force history, that you'll be just successful mary concern of any joint effort. It shouldn't preclude joint as in the last. ventures where defense assets of the United States can aid The Air Force has contributed enormously to keeping out scientific investigation in other nations without compromis peace and to protecting our freedom. And I can think of no ing our firstpriority , and that cooperation should be consid more noble accomplishment possible for a military service ered. But, what must not be considered or ever granted, is within a democracy. So, I thank you most heartily for all you any agreement that we cannot use any space platform in have done, and for all you will do. which we participate and for which we will pay the great Thank you very much, indeed. bulk, of course, that we can't use it for security purposes. And yet, some talk about agreements of that kind as necessary to get other countriesin. Militaryand civilian programs, such as the space station, must be available for defense experiments, or other American national security uses, consistent, of course, with interna tional law. Finally, our strategy must focus purely on defense in the future . It must pmvide a foundation for the government or industry and for academia, jointly to pursue our technological superiority thatwe have in space, and to maintain it. We must capitalize on America's genius as it evaluates and develops concepts for futuregenerations of systems, including the new National Aerospace Plane, in which the President's extreme ly interested. Space-based radar, new propulsion systems, and beyond, all of these things we have to work on, and we need to be funded. Our new space policy must aim, of course, to deter war, as all of our policies do. It must aim to protect free access to space, to promote cooperation between civilian and defense space sectors, and focus on the technology of the future. Lastly, I'd like to mention just one additional requirement for our space strategy. It must be consistent with other ele ments of our national security strategy. It must recognize the 51 -A currentvulnerabilities of space systems within the context of Order with check or m.o. for (U.S.) $32.95 ppd. deterrence. And it must acknowledge how survivable space HALCYON FILMS AND VIDEO or call systems contribute to perceptions of the nation's defense 110 BEACH RD. BOX 15 1 -800-426-0582 KINGS POINT, N.Y. 11024 m.c. or visa accepted strength, and therefore, encourage and provide an interna Seven Days in Space is narrated, in part, by I Rick Hauck, the scheduled commander of the tional climate, within which, trueand acceptable arms reduc- next Space Shuttle mission. . Satisfactlon guaranteed or money refunded. EIR October 9, 1987 Science & Technology 25 ITillFeature u. s. troops and keeping the peace in We stern Europe by the Editors This autumn's annual North Atlantic Treaty Organization exercises were more critical than ever before in the alliance's history. They took place at a time when Soviet military strengthis at an all-time height, when Western conventional and nuclear inferiority in Western Europe, in partic ular, is the most pronounced, and, worst of all, at a time when the United States government, in fact the traditional nuclear guarantor of WesternEuropean defense, has announced that it has reached an "agreement in principle" to withdraw its "' Intermediate Range Nuclear weapons from Western Europe, in return for the Soviets' withdrawing a similar class of their weapons from the Warsaw Pact nations of Eastern Europe . As it has been widely emphasized, if this "agreement in principle" becomes, in fact, an implemented reality, the result will be that Western Europe's minuscule conventional forces will be at the mercy of the terrifying overwhelming superiority of Soviet conventional forces already deployed there. This year's Reforger and Certain Strike exercises served notice more than ever before that without a totally unconditional American nuclear guarantee for Eu rope's defense, Europe is indefensible. The importance of the presence of 300,000 American soldiers in Europe is this: If the Warsaw Pact threatens these soldiers, and if it challenges their assigned job of defending Western Europe, the full might of the American strategic nuclear arsenal will, presumably, stand behind them. This assumption, at least, has kept the peace, so· far, since the end of the last war. The end of Flexible Response When, during the late 196Os, the question was posed whether it would be worthwhile for the United States to launch its missila<>and to risk a general Soviet thermonuClear assault in order to defend Europe, no straight answer was given. Instead, then-national security adviser McGeorge Bundy developedthe theory of Flexible Response, which was designed not to answer this question. 26 Feature EIR October 9, 1987 The new deadly Apache attack helicopter used by the 6th Cavalry Brigade of the II/ U.S. Army Corps. From the days of McGeorge Bundy to date, Flexible with a massive rearmament drive th oughout the alliance. Response is the official doctrine of the NATO alliance. The In the first case, the United States, bereft of alliance, doctrine states that in case of a Soviet conventional attack becomes totally indefensible. against Western Europe , NATO will try to stick to a "con In the second case, the world will commence its rapid ventional only" defense, and bring into the action battlefield march toward World War III. nuclear arms, and eventually tactical and intermediate-range A signing of the INF Treaty, in this instance, will lead as nuclear arms only if the possibility of defense at lower weap surely to world war, as the Munich act of 1938 led to World ons thresholds has been exhausted. War 11. The idea of Flexible Response was that the United States In this sense, this year's exercises were very memorable would not be willing to risk a general thermonuclear ex because they are likely to be the last of their kind, i.e., the change with Russia for the sake of Europe 's defense. There last to be designed and held under the assumptions of the fore , according to the Flexible Response doctrine, interme Flexible Response doctrine . Even though the exercises were diate nuclear weapons were useful to be deployed in Europe observed by hundreds of journalistsfrom many nations and so as to make it unnecessary for the United States to run the news organizations, very few have provided coverage for the risk of an all-out strategic showdown for Europe's sake . general public. So, now with the "agreement in principle" res,vecting The Executive Intelligence Review is of the opinion that INF,the question is: Without these intermediate nuclearfo rces this year's exercises were too imp rtant to be ignored, and in Europe, how will America defend Europe from a Russian deserve the attention of the public. attack? The existing number of American soldiers in Europe The basic lesson drawn from them can be summarized in is no match, numerically, to what the other side has. Without the comments made during the o�ning press conference of tactical nuclear weapons to protect them, would the United Certain Strike by NATO's new Su reme Commander, Gen States be willing to use its strategic nuclear weapons to de eral John Galvin, who said : "I do not see a way to defend fend both its G.l.s in Europe, and Europe itself? Europe without nuclear weapons ....It is not a question of a nuclear-free Europe but a war-free Europe." The 'Munich II' factor On the question of U.S. troop withdrawal, the general If the INF agreement is signed, then the choices for the underlined the absolute necessity for the current level of United States are only two: either withdraw all its troops from American troops in West Germany: "Their presence is need Europe, abandon all pretense at defending Europe and dis ed to deal with the possibility of surprise attack from the solve the alliance; or, abandon the Flexible Response doc Warsaw Pact ...if we drop their size the possibility for trine, return to the earlier doctrine of Massive Retaliation, surprise attack increases." EIR October 9, 1987 Feature 27 Reforger/Certain Strike: U. S. troops crucial for the defense of Europe by Dean Andromidas and Rainer Apel During the closing weeks of summer and early autumn, NATO ar-free Europe but a war-free Europe." He went on to state holds its annual Autumn Forge exercises throughout NATO's his support for the development of a new nuclear "stand-off' northern, southern, and central regions. Held in areas from weapon. On the question of U.S. troop withdrawal , the gen the northern tip of Norway to the Black Sea, these exercises eral underlined the absolute necessity for the current level of are to practice the same operations required to defend the American troops in West Germany, "Their presence is need nations of NATO. ed to deal with the possibilit1 of a surprise attack from the From the last week of August through September, NATO Warsaw Pact ....If we drop their size the possibility for held its most importantmilit ary exercises: Reforger and Cer surprise attack increases." tain Strike. Their importance lies in the fact that these exer This report should demonstrate the pertinency General cises rehearsed the ability of the United States to reinforce Galvin's warnings, definingthe necessity for American troops WesternEurope in the face of an imminent Soviet attack, and and the absolute requirement not only for nuclear weapons, to conduct a defense and counterattack. Seventy-eight thou but for systems and technologies capable of dealing with the sand men and women participated from the United States, considerable Soviet threat to the mostcrucial front in Western West Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Great Brit Europe. ain, as well as France, despite its non-integrated status with respect to NATO's multinational military structure. _ Defending Europe's central region For the first time since NATO exercises have been held: The task before NATO is tremendous given the superi • The United States sent an entire corps, including two ority in sheer numbers alone ofthe Soviet military machine. divisions comprising over 35,000 men and women. Under Soviet Marshal Ogarkov's war plans, new and more • The U. S. troops were deployed to the northern part of effective weapons systems, such as the MiG-29 fulcrum, Germany to reinforce the zone assigned to British, Dutch, MiG-3 1 Foxhound, and Su-27- Flanker, are aimed at achiev Belgian, and German forces, demonstrating the continuing ing earlier air superiority. New deep-strike ground systems ability for cooperation among the multinational forces com are also being deployed, including the new BM-27 220 mm prisingNATO 's Central Region. multiple rocket launcher system, capable of firing 16 round • Counter-spetsnaz (the Russian acronym for special salvos of high-explosive munitions or chemical rounds a forces) operations were exercised, clearly indicating a rising distance of 40 kilometers. The Soviets also plan further de concernwithin NATO over Soviet irregularwarfare capabil ployment of the new generation of accurate SS-21 and SS-23 ities . missiles with ranges of 80- 100 kilometers and 500 kilo , Not unnoticed was the fact that these exercises were held meters, respectively. Both are capable of carrying nuclear or under the shadow of the proposed INF agreement nicknamed chemical warheads, and neither come under any INF agree "Zero-Zero Option, " which threatens to pull down the West's ment. nuclear arsenal; and continuing calls for U.S. troop with Moreover, Soviet tank divisions have not only been aug drawal by certain circles in Washington. At the opening press mented by more new T-80 tanks, but a growing number of conference of the exercises on Sept. 15, the new Supreme older models have been fitted out with the T-80's new reac Allied Commander, General John R. Galvin, in answer to a tive armor, capable of withstanding many of the anti-tank question on whether he agreed with the Zero-Zero Option, weapons in the NATO armies' inventories. Air defenses have declared: "We are not satisfiedwith the level of risk" provid been beefed up with the new SA-12A system and further ed by a Zero-Zero Option, unless certain measures proposed deployment of the SA-II system. by his predecessor, Bernard Rogers, were implemented. Gal Overall force comparisons can be seen in Table 1. vin went even further in an answer to a question on the need The deployment of these very powerful and capable sys for nuclear weapons: "I do not see a way to defend Europe tems is woven into a solely offensive war fighting doctrine without nuclear weapons ....It is not a question of a nucle- that envisions the early seizure of the initiative by surprise, 28 Feature EIR October 9, 1987 U.S. helicopters arriving at the port of Rotterdam fo r the Reforger maneuvers. Despite peacetime precautions, the arrival of the American fo rces fr om the United States took only two-three days. striking deep into NATO's rear area. The doctrine would lower command levels and the level of the individual soldier. attempt to overpower NATO's air bases and nuclear instal Its solely offensive doctrine contributes to an inflexibility lations, as well as command and control centers, through the that could find it unable to adjust rapidly to unforeseen sur deployment of nuclear strike , air operations, or spetsnaz ca prises, be it on the battlefieldor th ough the introduction of pabilities most likely prior to the mobilization of NATO's new technologies, as has been seen in their reaction to the forces. Overwhelming Soviet superiority in aircraft, armor, Strategic Defense Initiative. But it is this offensive character and firepower would assist the high-speed offensive through that also leads specialists to the corclusion that the Soviets West Germany and Central Europe . would launch a firststrike , if not indeed a total surprise attack Soviet strategic and theater capabilities are indeed for not preceded by the "period of tensions" most NATO scenar midable; nonetheless, their very offensive character harbors ios envision. a potential weakness. It is believed that the highly centralized NATO's overall doctrine often takes this into account Soviet command structure works to stifle initiative at the and has been premised on the balance of imbalances. It has been NATO's conviction that the technological superiority of its aircraft andground-based systems, particularly nuclear weapons, including neutron and tactical nuclear weapons, work to offset Soviet superiority in numbers. Moreover, TABLE 1 Westernmil itary doctrine sees its citizen-soldiers, trained in Force comparisons a doctrine that stresses initiative ana leadership at all levels, NATO Warsaw Pact as the crucial factor. Divisions 35 95 Reinforcing Europe Main battle tanks 7,600 25,000 The problem confronting NA110 for the defense of the Armored personnel carriers 19,350 43,000 Central Region is the question 0 time and space and the and light tanks related ques'tion of depth . The Warsaw Pact deploys 95 di Artillery 4,500 17,500 visions, 63 of them Soviet first-line Red Army divisions, Fighter aircraft 1,900 3,990 directed at West Germany. These troops are deployed in a 500-milewide corridor between th West German border and EIR October 9, 1987 Feature 29 the Soviet Union, including East Germany, Czechoslovakia, came in their entirety, the 4th Division only sent its head and Poland. This is a distance that enables Soviet reinforce quarters . Although the Corps artillery was represented by · ment or pre-position of additional forces for attack through a only its headquarters , the Corps sent the 6th (Air Combat) distance not much further than between Boston and Wash Cavalry Brigade, which included its deadly new Apache ington D.C. It is a distance an army can traverse, with its attack helicopter and Black Hawk squad helicopter which ' battle equipment, in a matter of a few days, a factor enhanced had made such a good showing in the War on Drugs in by the fact that the motion is along internal lines of commu Bolivia. Other personnel included the full regalia of units nication. On the other hand, the Soviet Union possesses great required for such organizations, including engineering units, depth for maneuver if NATO should succeed in mounting a signal and intelligence units, and support troops. penetrating counterattack, given the protective belt compris The is the first time the United States has sent almost a ing Poland, East Germany, and Czechoslovakia provided it full corps to Western Europe in an operation that took four by the Yalta Agreement. weeks, but could have taken two weeks or less time owing to By contrast, NATO lines of supply are immense, over the fact that a certain amount Of care must be taken in moving exposed ocean and air space. American troops comprise al such masses of men and material in normal times. One of the most 30% of troop strength deployed in the Central Region biggest questions is safety. It must be remembered that unlike fromthe North German Danish border down to the German in the United States where military exercises are held in rather Swiss/German Austrian borders. Those troops must be sup remote military reservations in scarely populated areas, all plied over a distance of 6,000-7,000 miles. Meanwhile, exercises in Europe are held literally in the backyards of the NATO's depth is extremely shallow with a distance of no most populated regions in th� world. Imagine the West Ger more the 200 miles between the German-German border and man III Corps with 40,000 .pen being transported through France, the Netherlands, and Belgium,.and no more than 400 the Port of New York and Jcbhn� F. Kennedy Airport on its miles to the northern seaports of Antwerp and Rotterdam, way to to join 43,000 other tr ops, some of whom could have fiveda ys' march or less if Westerndefenses are broken at the traveled overland from Cana a and the United States to take border. Needless to say, this leaves little space for maneuver. part in an exercise to be hel in the suburbs of New Jersey While the Soviets can bring up reserves from regions at a between New York and Phil,delphia. Despite the consider distance from the war zone, the Allied reserves of West able care taken to avoid m�haps, several civilian deaths Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, etc . would have the occurred due to vehicular accidents, and several million dol almost impossible task of calling up reserves in the midst of lars' worth of damage to private property . a battle zone. Despite peacetime precautions, it took only two to three These considerations and the real possibility of a Soviet days for the bulk of the corps to arrive by nearly 100 flights surprise attack make the factor of time crucial. Here the of special troop transport airctaft. The speed of the operation question of a Tactical Air Defense Initiative that can respond was helped by the fact that 90% of the corps equipment faster then a "march from the barracks" and deny the Soviets including tanks, armored p¢rsonnel carriers , engineering air superiority, this most important of flanks, is the key im equipment, ammunition, etc . has been permanently pre-po perative. Second is a nuclear capability that can be initiated sitioned in West Germany, Belgium, and the Netherlands. in a matter of minutes and can strike deeply into Soviet This materiel is called POMiCUS (prePOsitioned Material staging areasand key strategic command and control targets . Configured in Unit Sets). Otherequipment , such as helicop It is this capability that President Reagan threatens to sign ters , arrived through the port�of Rotterdam or was airlifted. away with the INF treaty . If required, Apache and BlackiHa wk helicopters are designed Reforger (REturn FORces GERmany) had as its purpose to be transported in heavy transport aircraftsuch as the Lock the exercise of NATO and American strategic mobility, in heed C5s, or can be self-deployed from the United States via this case the transportation of the entire American III Corps Iceland. of two divisions to Western Europe in a matter of days. It is The American III Corps, equipped with the new Ml important to note that the scenario for which Reforger was Abrams Main Battle Tank, the M2 Bradley Infantry Fighting planned was that of a "deterrent"move , that is a reinforcment Vehicle, and the Multiple Launch Rocket System, is the most in a period of tension prior to a Soviet attack. It would be modem equipped armored formation in the free world, and highly illusionary to imagine moving such masses in the is designated as part of the U.S. Army Strategic Army Corps. midst of a full-scale war, especially when the ports of Rot Although based in Fort Hood, Texas, it has the reinforcement terdam and Antwerp are high on the first-strikelis t of Soviet of Europe as its primary wartime assignment and maintains war planners. A point, also underscored by General Galvin, a permanent staff in West Germany. In fact, the Corps was · which makes current U.S. troop deployments an absolute fully reactivated in 1961 in response to the Berlin Crisis. In necessity. West Germany, it will join the American V Corps headquar The III Corps is based in Fort Hood, Texas, and compris tered in Frankfurt and the VII Corps based in Stuttgart in the es the 1st Cavalry Division, the 2nd Armored Division, and defense of Western Europe ..When reinforced by the 49th the 4th Infantry Division. Although the first two divisions Armored Texas National Guard Division, the III Corps alone 30 Feature EIR October 9, 1987 Certain Strike exefcises defense of Central Front -''''''.,. FRANCE i I ( . -'-National es I + I Strategic ,.nrrit1nr� I IIIIII ;, • NATO �rlT'nroC.t1 f i .",.11'4,.- � . .,../.... ';-; £'1--.1 -; SWITZERLAND (/ is largerand has more firepower than the combined standing It occupies the center of NATO's border with the annies of Belgium and the Netherlands, and is one-third the Soviet Union. It is opposite the I concentration of size of the West Gennan Anny. Soviet troops and firepower in the world. Here the annies of NATO, including the United States, Great Britain, the Neth Defending the central region erlands, Belgium, and of course, the West Gennan anny, Following Reforger was Certain Strike, an operational have garrisoned troops, and each nation has a "slice" of the and tactical fieldtraining exercise. Here we can get a glimpse front. Even France, which does not �articipate in the military of what the battlefieldof WesternEurope will look like, and organization of NATO, maintains garrisons under the Pots what it takes to deter or win a war in Central Europe. dam Agreement and has participated in NATO exercises. In the defense of Europe, West Gennany is the keystone. With the questions of time and space of paramount con- EIR October 9, 1987 Feature 31 Gen. John Galvin. the new Supreme Allied Gen . Sir Martin Farndale. commander of Soviet military observer. as Commander: "I do not see a way to defe nd the British Army of the Rhine and the fo ur the Stockholm agreements. Europe without nuclear weapons ....It is nation NorthernArmy Group . not a question of a nuclear fr ee Europe but a war-fr ee Europe." cernin modem war, especially nuclear war, the geographical experts over a Soviet main in this area. Such an attack "depth" or lack of it, of West Germany is a crucial problem. is seen as possible not because of the cited terrain Moreover, West Germany is one of the most densely popu features, but because of the of NATO defense in this lated regions in the world. A country the size of the state of region. The North German Oregon, West Germany has over 62 million inhabitants. Bel Army Group which is of the Netherlands I Corps, gium and theNetherlands are even more densely populated. the Belgian I Corps, the Brit�sh Army of the Rhine, and the Germany stretches for 500 miles north to south, but is only German 1st Corps. Of all trese corps, only the last, the 140-250 miles across at its widest point. The city of Ham German 1 st Corps, is fully st�tioned in West Germany . burg, West Germany's largest port with one of its largest While the British Army ofithe Rhine has over 60,000 men population concentrations, is no more than 40 miles from the garrisoned in the area (to be reinforced by at least another East German border. The city of Hannover is less then 100 brigade or more in time of war), the bulk of Dutch and miles from the East German city of Magdeburg, headquarters Belgian troops are garrisoned in their own countries. Fur of one of five Soviet armies stationed in East Germany. Both thermore, it is believed that the Soviets see these troops as cities lie on two of the most likely axes of invasion by the less capable than the West German Army or the Americans Warsaw Pact. stationed in the southern half of the Federal Republic. The It was in a region roughly between these two cities that most compelling reason is no doubt topographic and geo Certain Strike was held. This region is the North German graphical , since the Northern Plain, which extends west Plain, the German part of a plain that extends through East through the low countries and France, has been the traditional Germany, Poland, and the Soviet Union. It is region that has invasion route from the East ihto Western Europe. been the scene of history'S most ferocious wars , including Certain Strike was a corpJ-level exercise and was held in the Thirty Years War, the Napoleonic Wars, and the Eastern the German Army I Corps z ne in Lower Saxony, a region running roughly between Hannover to the south and Bremen Front of World Wars I and II. It is the region in whose I topography the Russians have had the most experience fight to the north, up to the East German border to the east, and ing wars. It is this flattopogra phy, which is similar to that of toward the Dutch border to the west. Its most striking terrain Russia itself, that Soviet offensive doctrine as well as Soviet feature is the Liineburger Heath, a vast stretch of swampy equipment have been designed for. moors covered with wheat elds, sheep grazing land, and It contrasts sharply with the southern half of Germany, forests. Much of its swampy ground is unable to support the which is predominantly low mountains and broken country weight of tanks. side with large forested areas, a topography relatively hostile In the armies of NATO ountries, the corps formation, l to the large armored formations and high-speed offensive comprising between two and our divisions, is the basic op doctrineof the Soviets. Moreover it is in this southernregion erational formation as opposed to strategic/theater or tacti where American and West German forces, those rated high cal formations. There are eight corps areas in the Central est in capability by the Soviets, are based. Region, each occupying a "slice" of the front from the south The decision to send the American III Corps to the north ern edge of Schleswig-Holstein in northern Germany to the ern region, for the first time in NATO's history, is seen as Swissl Austrian borders to the south. The First German Corps, highly significant in light of the recent concern of NATO along with the Dutch, British, and Belgian corps, comprises 32 Feature EIR October 9, 1987 • the Northern Army Group (NORTHAG) whose commander ing a friendly (Blue) force, in this case the U. S. III Corps and is General Sir Martin Farndale, who also serves as Com the German I Corps, and an enemy force (Orange) formed of mander of the British Army of the Rhine. The remainder of elements of the British, Dutch, and Belgian Corps. The sce the front, comprising the American V and VII Corps and the nario envisions a two- to three-day Iwarning time that would German II and III Corps (including smaller Canadian for allow mobilization to meet the attac . The exercise followed mations) comprise the Central Army Group (CENTAG). Its Reforger, with the arriving Ameri�ans collecting their pre Commander in Chief General Glenn K. Otis, also serves as positioned equipment, transporting it to staging areas from Commander in Chief of U.S. Forces Europe. The exercise where the corps deployed in pre-battle formation, into the was in tum supported by the Allied Air Forces Central Europe deployment area, where they deployed into the battle zone with the exercise Cold Fire, which flew over 500 sorties a following an attack by the Orange forces. The key to the day. exercise was the movement of th American III Corps to The Certain Strike exercise has as its purpose to practice conduct a "passing of lines" in its relief of the German I plans and procedures for employing the U.S. III Corpsin the Corps following an attack by the Orange forces, whereupon NORTHAG. It is an exercise dealing with the complexities the American corps conducts a counter-attack. The passing of moving large bodies of men, weapons, vehicles and the of lines, although a common enough military maneuver, has logistical support needed to maintain them in the conditions never been exercised between the armies of two different of battle. Although all units were prepared to conduct the nations of NATO. Its success was a testimony to the ability exercise under NBC (nuclear-biological-chemical warfare) of the various national military organizations to cooperate conditions, the exercise was held under the so-called "nuclear with a unified sense of purpose. escalation" theory , that the Soviets would avoid using nucle Many eyebrows were raised when it was announced that ar weapons for fear of escalation. Nor did the exercise dem a 200-man French Army contingent was participating in the onstrate how NATO would utilize tactical nuclear weapons, exercise, unusual since France has withdrawn from the mil which technically require a much different operational and itary command structure of NATO. Far more eyebrows were tactical plan. raised when it was revealed that they were simulating Soviet It has been the view of EIR that the Soviet might opt not spetsnaz, underscoring growing co?cernover escalating So to use nuclear weapons in Europe, not for fear of escalation, viet irregular warfare capabilities within NATO. The French but for very specific tactical reasons, because of the unpre soldiers simulated spetsnaz surveipance teams during the dictable nature of the weapons and certain battlefield prob staging and deployment phase whde conducting simulated lems they might pose. However, Soviet operational and tac attacks and sabotage during the attack phase. Although the tical doctrine foresees the fu ll utilization of battlefieldnuclea r activities were not widely reported (luring the exercise, they as well as biological and chemical weapons, and Soviet troops were credited with knocking out at least one airfieldof British are indeed trained for such operations. Harrier groundattack aircraft. Wartime conditions were simulated to the extent of hav- Although the Soviet Union official military observ- Pre-positioned vehicles leaving depots in Reforger '87. Ninety percent of the equipment needed to sup port a is stored in the West German fo rest and pwU..s. -- -EIIt. October 9, 1987 Feature 33 ers, as allowed under the Stockholm agreements, the pres cuting a mission," is a concept perfected by the same tradition ence of late-model civilian automobiles with unusually ob that created the so-called German General StaffSyst em. It is servant drivers throughoutthe area did not go unnoticed. Less a concept that also has a place in the West Point tradition. low profile were sporadic demonstrations by people associ The subordinate commandos from the corps, to the division, ated with the West German Green Party and violence-prone down to the level of the sergeant in command of a squad, are elements. One American officer reported that his vehicle, a given the task of accomplishing a "mission," not the execu small Volkswagen bus, and his driver were attacked by 60 tion of a bureaucratic system of directives. The purpose is to "demonstrators" while driving through a village. Although foster initiative at all levels, to force the individual soldier to there were no injuries, the demonstrators damaged their ve think with the same mind as his commander. hicle. It should be stated that these elements are an extreme While visiting an American armored battalion in the field, minority and the population in general, particularly the chil on the ground, and then observing a "battle" between oppos dren, were glad to see Americans and certainly hope to see ing battalions from the vantage point of a helicopter, EIR 's them again next year. correspondents were able to note how highly complex the What strikes an American observer most about such an execution of a mission can be. In the American Army, the exercise, or more fundamentally, the defense of Europe, is basic fightingunit or maneuver element is the Battalion Task that the battlefieldwill be in the backyards, farms, and homes Force, in the British army it is called a battle group , and it of the very people one is trying to defend. It is an experience engages in the tactical battle. It is composed of several ele the American population has not experienced since the Civil ments chosen according to the needs of the mission. It can be Warover 100years ago. In West Germany, there is little that composed of an infantry or tank battalion supported by ele is not planned without the idea that this could be a war zone. ments of combat engineers, artillery, air defense, and army For example: In Germany the forests serve three purposes: air or air force resources. Together they form what is called One is agricultural, a source of timber, etc; the second is the combined arms team . Withinthis task force are the com recreation, for Germanslove their Sunday spazieren or walks bat teams, which can be two to four armorpersonnel carriers, through the forest; and the third purpose is to hide tanks. or APeS in combination with tanks, or two to four aircraft In Germany, forests and nature parks are strategically fightingin mutual support of one another. Missions are exe located up and down the front. In these parks, armored for cuted through the coordinated and synchronized movement mations in time of war can move to avoid open country and of all these elements in a tactical flanking defensive or offen are pre-positioned in these parks and forests in special depots, sive maneuver called "overwatch." The combined arms teams where military equipment needed to support a defense is are the fundamental element of the U. S. Army's operational stored. doctrine called "Airland Battle," which seeks to use strikes Every bridge, no matter how small or large, will have a into the second echelon forces deep in Warsaw Pact territory special sign, sometimes with a picture of a tank, indicating to make the best use of flankingacti ons and maneuver. the weight that the bridge can support. The bridges them While visiting an American armored battalion of the 1st selves are designed so they can be destroyed rapidly by mil Cavalry Division, we could see, even at this level, the com itary engineers if the need arises to slow down the always plexity of traversing the countryside. It took our guide 30 threatening potential enemy. Throughout the exercise itself, minutes to find the battalion, comprising several thousand huge tanks and armored personnel carriers and all kinds of men and scores of vehicles. After sighting a lone scout ve military vehicles traversed the streets, villages, farmlands, hicle, we were given directions and discovered the battalion, and forests in the midst of a civilian population going about hidden in one of those forests where the local population their daily lives. loves to take its Sunday hikes. Although the scores of tanks, APCs, and other vehicles stretched out for over two kilo Mission tactics meters deep into the forest, th� commanding major pointed Despite artificialsim ulation which dulls the edge of what out how in an actual war situation, he would have traversed true wartime conditions would entail, the exercis.e gave a this area across a much broader front, assigning different good glimpse of how armies are very different types of or zones so as not to form an easy target for conventional or ganizations from the civilian sector. An army must perform nuclear strike, while at the same time being prepared for tremendous logistical feats, but cannot function as if it were immediate combat with his flanks and main body well pro a postoffice or an efficientrapid transit system. This differ tected and prepared to meet the enemy. ence can be summed up in one word: Mission. Be it the The sense of mission was · reflected in a scene where a defense of the sovereignty of a nation, if not the very foun sergeant, with a map taped to the side of his Bradley infantry dations of Western civilization at its ultimate level, or the fightingvehi cle, was briefinghis 12-man squad on the param capture or defense of a hill on the German-German border. eters of the mission ahead of them in the following days. Mistakes could mean national disaster or the death of one's One thing was missing: We failed to see any jeeps. The fellow soldier. All must be performed in the cataclysmic vehicle that faithfully served the U.S. and other armies for environment of the modem battlefield. The concept of "exe- more than 40 years, was replaced by the so-called High 34 Feature EIR October 9, 1987 Dutch engineering troops during the NATO "Certain Strike" exercise. The hazardous business of crossing the Aller River, one of the most dangerous maneuvers of war, was done using battalions of engineers who built the bridges through the night. Mobility, Multi-Purpose Wheeled Vehicle. Although larger beholder drew an appreciation of a I the many tactical exer-, than the old jeep, it replaces three other types of wheeled cises required in modem war, from the use of camouflage, vehicles, thus shortening the very long logistical tail attached air defense, communications, and electronic warfare, to the to the modem army. engagement of individual combat teams maneuvering through The battle for these units began late in the evening and a battl�field. the early-morning hours of the following day , with the haz Although a fine demonstratio"I of the esprit de corps ardous business of crossing the Aller River. Though no more among NATO's armies, which one would not find between than 100-200 meters wide, a river crossing is one of the most say, Polish and Soviet troops, it al 0 revealed some serious dangers maneuvers of war. All bridges had to be built through shortcomings. The Belgian tanks wJre Leopard Is, a tank that the night by battalions of engineers fo llowing the securing of is almost as old as the average ages of the men who man the bridging points by armored reconnaissance units travers them. The German helicopters were Vietnam War vintage in ing the river in special vehicles or even rubber boats . But the design. real danger was the necessity to concentrate entire battalions These exercises continued for several more days with into the extreme narrow defile formed by the bridge itself, countless numbers of missions and engagements throughout forming an easy target. the "war." While providing excellent exercise for the soldiers While several crossings were successful, being conduct involved, these exercises and others like them serve to dem ed at night, some under protective smoke screen, others were onstrate to any potential aggressor J commitment on the part not so lucky. One was knocked out by a simulated strafing of NATO to the defense of WesterdEurope . This is not said from an Orange force, a British, Jaguar tactical strike aircraft. with complacency but with a full ·ew of the serious short Flying at 100 meters above another such crossing, one could comings in NATO's defensive po er. They show the abso see one of these bridges knocked out by a combined arms lute necessity for continued Ameri an commitment to main team of the Orange or "enemy" force. It turned out to be an taining the defense of Western Eu ope. It is hoped that the impressive example of "interoperability" among NATO's surprising degree of enthusiasm anti commitment displayed individual armies. A combination ofBr itish grenadiers trans by the soldiers during this exercise and their daily duties ported on German helicopters, and supported by a Dutch while serving in the national arm d forces of the NATO artillery company, "captured" the bridge . They in tum were alliance, is not undermined by the Furrent political disarray met by a Belgian reconnaissance and combat formation, also of the West, as reflected in the poteptial for a disastrous INF part of the Orange forees. From this simulated "battle" the agreement or removal of U.S. troops from West Germany. EIR October 9, 1987 Feature 35 Gorbachovjoins the ranks of the undead! by Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. On Sept. 29, the morning's dispatches from Moscow an of an early, "New Yalta" redrawing of the world's political nounced that Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachov map among Washington, London, and Moscow. Such a pro had joined the ranks of the world's famous undead, following cess could not be set into motion, without unleashing the a disappearance of nearly two months. most profound and potentiall� violent kinds of instabilities Western dispatches cite Moscow sources as describing and eruptionson both sides of the "Iron Curtain." Gorbachov's disappearanceas a "vacation," and as reporting The related, obvious fact, is, that the factions committed that the vacation in the Crimea had been devoted in part to to reaching an early, and irreversible set of "New Yalta" the writing of some new book. French observers participating agreements between Reagan and Gorbachov, have blindly in the meeting say, that the Soviet "czar" appeared to be misestimated the kinds and intensities of oppositions they set much thinner than prior to his long disappearance. into motion by seeking such sweeping changes in the world Whether Gorbachov and his wife were poisoned, or not, order at such a pace. Both the Western and Moscow factions the leader's unprecedented absence from public view is con pushing for early conclusion of such agreements are acting nected to seismic rumblings in the social and political super like a pair of adolescents in the full heat of their first sexual structure of both the Warsaw Pact and Westernallia nces. Just infatuations. They are striking out blindly against everything as powerful European opposition is building against the which seems to threaten the consummation of their desires, mooted Nov. 23 Reagan-Gorbachov "summit" agreement, but refuse to consider the chain-reactions they are setting into the Soviet and East bloc establishments are being wracked motion on both sides of the "Iron Curtain." by the most acute crisis since the deaths of Stalin and Beria. So far, Western intelligence circuits are being blinded The Stalin analogy with a confetti of assorted facts and hyperthyroid specula The most plausible explanation of the current crisis inside tions on the situation inside the Bolshevik dynasty's Russian the Muscovite empire is that Mikhail Suslov's heir, Bolshe empire. Most of the West's establishment strata are , as Sen vik "high priest" Yegor Ligachov, represents a "neo-Stalin ator Joe Biden would probably say, "missing the forest for ist" opposition to Gorbachov's'glasnost policy. Indeed, Li the trees." They are overlooking the obvious, in their frantic gachov has openly surfaced as an opponent of glasnost. In search for an easily-marketable "TV soap-opera" sort of ex deed, the leading Soviet press is riven with factional heat, planation. for and against the rehabilitatiCl>n of two leading victims of The obvious fact behind the simultaneous crises in the the Stalin faction, L.D. Trotsky's "Left Opposition" and N. West and East, is that President Reagan's desperate plunge Bukharin's "Right Opposition." Although Mikhail Gorba toward a Munich-style, "peace in our time" agreement with chov represents a middle position, between the rehabilitators Moscow, sets into motion a process leading in the direction and the "neo-Stalinists," the fact that the currentcrises within 36 International EIR October 9, 1987 the Bolshevik dynasty is an echo of the old 1927-38 purges through the Trotsky-Bukharin factions of the Comintern and process, is as plain as the birthmark on Gorbachov's head. "Trust. " The trouble is, starting from that premise, Western spec That sort of endemically anti-Semitic Bolshevik Russian ulators are spinning off Hollywood-style scenarios of palace nationalism is the essence of "Stalinism." If that is rightly plottings for and against Gorbachov. The assumption that the understood, along the lines which I have barely summarized current upheavals in Moscow echo the Stalin phenomenon of here , it would be accurate, and rat\ller useful to say, that 1929-53, is a valid one. The trouble is, most of the leading Gorbachov's Muscovite opposition todayis a "neo-Stalinist" Western specialists in Soviet intelligence are saturated with insurgency. Although no culturally-determined insurgency deluded theories of "Stalinism," and therefore based their of that sort can operate except througb personalities and more scenarios on such deluded misestimations of the Stalin phe or less organized factional forces within the ruling establish nomenon. ment of nations, it is the cultural impUlse, rather than the The fact is, that the Bolsheviks were one of an assortment personalities, which must be understood first, before attempt of radical , anti-Romanov groupings created by the Czarist ing to explain matters in terms of the actions of the key secret police, the Okhrana. Inside Russia, the 1917 Revolu personalities involved. tion, was organized as an overthrow of the Romanov dynasty That is the "forest." From the facts which we know with and Petrine state by a force of the most powerful landed certainty about that "forest," Western'governmentscan adopt aristocratic families of the pre-Romanov, Rurikid dynasty, a accurate Soviet policies efficiently attuned to the seismic force which adopted and reshaped the anti-Romanov luna upheavels in progress in Moscow. The danger is, that our tics, the raskolniki as the social force to be used in destroying intelligence establishments, rather than focusing upon what the Petrine state, root and branch, and creating a new form we know with certainty, will leap to wild conclusions along of Muscovite imperium dedicated to world conquest. the lines of Hollywood-style scenari/os of some lunatic So However, the 1917 revolutionary upheaval, while steered vietologist of the Zbigniew Brzezinski or Roy Godson vari partially from inside the highest levels of the government of eties. Czar Nicholas II, was also steered from outside Russia. The The issue inside Moscow, is that the global, "New Yal February 1917 revolution was conducted with the support of ta"-style agreements which the Reagan-Gorbachov summit British intelligence, and Lenin was brought to power as an would set into motion, are a modern echo of exactly the asset of German intelligence. On a higher level, both the agreements which the Western members of the 1918-27 conflicting British and German roles in the 1917 revolution "Trust" and Comintern attempted to set into motion. While and ensuing civil wars, were orchestrated by a powerful the Bolshevik nomenklatura is mo¢ or less unanimous in financialconsortium centered in Venice, a consortium whose welcoming the "Munich 1938" deals which the Western visible key agent was Count Volpi di Misurata, and whose friends of Armand Hammer and Edgar Bronfman are push most visible agent was the fabulous super-spy, Alexander ing, the Muscovite nationalists today, like the Stalin of 1927- Helphand, a.k.a. "Parvus." 53, are in a seismic orgy of building rage against subjecting From the beginning, the Soviet intelligence service, the Moscow itself to the kinds of "global co-dominion" which Cheka, was a combination of the former Okhrana offici".Is Gorbachov seems on the verge of negotiating with the world who had run the Bolsheviks earlier, and the intelligence ap federalist factions of the West. paratus which Parvus had created and directed for the or We patriots in the West, have rightly unleashed a hue and chestration of bringing Parvus' s selected instrument, V.1. cry against the "new Neville Chamberlains" among the ac Lenin, to power. From the first blush of Soviet power, pow complices of Hammer and Bronfman. We are rightly con erful Western financial interests, centered upon Venice's cerned to prevent liquidating the sovereignties of Western reinsurance cartel, but including the cities of Hamburg, Lon nations under a global co-dominion deal with Moscow. How don, and New York , had established and operated a joint ever, in our own patriotic concernsalong such lines, we must operation with the Cheka, an organization known from 1918 not overlook the fact that there is also a deep-rooted hatred through 1927 by such names as "the Anglo-Soviet Trust." against such deals reflected from the Muscovite "Russian 'The 'Trust" and the "Communist International" ("Com soul" into the ranks of Moscow's leading strata. intern") were synonymous. Trotsky and Bukharin typified The unleashing of glasnost has had the effect of attacking the former assets of Parvus who, together, controlled the the institutionalized form of intern�l stability of post-Stalin Soviet participation in both the "Trust" and the executive and order inside both the Muscovite empire proper and its East intelligence apparatus of the Comintern. bloc satrapies. Whenever old institu�ons are tom down, even Stalin's 1927-29 coup d'etat, first in purging the Trotsky partially, what those institutions have hithertocontained , is ists ("The Left Opposition"), and then the larger Bukharin to that degree unleashed. We must not overlook the 1956 Brandler-Lovestone faction of Soviet intelligence ("The Right results of Khrushchov's "Goulash SIOcialism"in Poland and Opposition"), was a revolt of the Muscovite nationalists Hungary. This time, what has been unleashed by glasnost is against the foreign financier penetration of Russia exerted the vast Turkic population of the Soviet empire; throughout EIR October 9, 1987 International 37 the larger Soviet empire, the captive nationalities of Bolshe Stalin's personal dictatorship was far more monolithic and vik Muscovy are simmering with ferment. savage than Hitler's personal rule over the Nazi Reich, the This ethnic ferment, and related problems, has alarmed a attempt to explain this as a "cult of the personality" was an large section of the Soviet nomenklatura and institutions absurd myth. which had earlier agreed, afteran extended interim squabble The truth about Stalin is that he was a character out of a over the matter, to replace the undead Chernenko with the Dostoevsky novel, and thus the only kind of personality who putative new "Czar Mikhail," Gorbachov. What obsesses could rule a Russian empire of the raskolniki. Stalin was these Muscovite nationalists is not only the immediate ethnic consistent with the Rurikid culture of his predecessor and ferment within the larger empire; they know that the Soviet model, Ivan the Terrible, and therefore a true raskolnik out state has the means to crush such ferment as bloodily as need of the pages of Dostoevsky. He was a true Siva of the Mus covite pagan's Shakti-Rodina. In Russia, only two types of rulership are durable ones. One is typifiedby the WesternizingPeter the Great and Alex Both the Wes tern and Moscow ander II; the other is typifiedby Ivan the Terrible and Stalin. In-between types are historically ephemeral, merely transi ja ctions pushing jo r early tional. These two types are the two opposing types of Russian conclusion qf a set qf"New Ya lta" nationalism. There was no "cult ofthe personality" surround agreements are acting like a pair oj ing Stalin which was any different in nature from the cult of the personality around a Muscovite czar earlier. The head of adolescents in theju ll heat oj their the Muscovite state is an anti-Catholic Pontifex Maximus, first sexual irifatuations. They are and, generally speaking, all Muscovite czars and commissars striking out blindly against have partaken of this quality. Gorbachov is something unnatural to Muscovite culture, everything which seems to threaten trying to be a Stalin and a Peter the Great at the same time. the consummation qfthe ir desires, Gorbachov's attempt to impose sweeping reforms upon the but refuse to consider the chain Soviet state , reforms consistent with what he himself has been groomed to represent, goes againstthe Muscovite form reactions they are setting into of nationalist culture, challenging it broadly on many fronts, motion on both sides oj the "Iron boldly and simultaneously, all;at once. It is the riskiest game Curtain." any ruler of Moscow could play; one ultimately doomed to go down in bloody disaster. Reality is asserting itself. Peter the Great understood better. Peter expanded the Russian empire by leaning upon the forces of the West as his de facto allies against the Russian raskolniki. He used the be. However, they rightly see the ferment as portent of a awe of Russian cultural inferiority to the West as a weapon. longer-term build-up of successive instabilities in the Soviet Gorbachov attempts to impose M'hat Russians see as an image order. The problem, in their eyes, is too much change, too of Westernization, under conditions in which the image of fast; too many bottled-up genies are being unleashed from the West projected is one of decadence into impotency, and their respective bottles. yet invoke the social force of the raskolniki against the West They fear, that under such circumstances, Moscow's in his current strategic game. Thus, by this folly, Gorbachov global domination ofthe new global co-dominion might be a has awakened all of the sleeping devils in Rodina's soil, as temporary one, followed by the swallowing-up of the Mus the policies of Trotsky and Bukharin did earlier. covite empire into the larger empire of the co-dominion. So, what the friends of Armand Hammer and Edgar Moscow has no intent to share world-rule to that degree with Bronfman propose we admire in Gorbachov is a delusion. the wealthy oligarchical factions of Hamburg, London, New Gorbachov is no peacemaker;: he was brought to power on York, and Venice. Thus, the same deep-rooted Muscovite the basis of the agreement among several Soviet factions, impulse which brought Stalin to the fore over the 1927-29 that he would make Soviet im erial domination of the world - p interval, has begun to emerge in a new form . In that sense, irreversible by about 1990-92. However, his political maneu but no other, the Muscovite opposition to Gorbachov is "neo vering with the same Western faction involved in the 1918- Stalinist. " 27 Trust, and his effort to impose drastic reforms consistent with his own self-image, has evoked the devils of Rodina. Two popular delusions Whether Gorbachov survives his perilous period of Au Stalin's successors invented the myth of "the cult of the gust and September is of secondary importance, relative to personality," to explain away Stalin's dictatorship. While the fact that sooner or later, his doom is sealed. 38 International EIR October 9, 1987 Mandated power One crucial fact must be understood concerning Gorba chov. He wields far less power than one generally assumes. His "power" stems from the mandate 'given him by the Pol itburo/nomenklatura forces that agreed to make him general secretary in March 1985. The majority of these power bro kers, of the Suslov ideologist and Russian chauvinism pedi gree, either belong to the Muscovite " neo-Stalinist" current, or, under the conditions of Gorbachov's pell-mell rush into A power struggle sweeping agreements with the Western Trust, will rapidly join forces with the neo-Stalinist core. rages in Kremlin The opposition to Gorbachov has taken the public form of articles and speeches, which took off, beginning in March, Russian by Konstantin George notably in publications of the Republic, and in par ticular by Yegor Ligachov, the Politburo's and Secretariat's ideology boss, denouncing the glasnost attacks on the Stalin On Sept. 29, Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachov, after a dis period, the glasnost fixation on the negative side of Soviet appearance of 53 days, reappeared in public to receive a 370- society today, and the attempt launched under glasnost to member French delegation. His frenzied actions, pounding rehabilitate the Trust wing of the 1920s Bolsheviks, in par his fiston the desk, while proclaiming in an agitated, haughty ticular Trotsky and Bukharin. manner: "There's no political opposition in the Soviet Union, One month after Gorbachov was installed (April 1985), no opposition to Gorbachov," betrayed without the need for at the first Central Committee Plenum "under" Gorbachov, any hidden microphones inside the Kremlin, that a power three new Politburo members were added, including Liga struggle is raging inside the Soviet leadership. Gorbachov's chov and KGB boss Viktor Chebrikov. To state matters remarks were rebutted on the same day by Politburomember, bluntly, a new "Suslov" and a new "A.ndropov" were added and spearhead of the Gorbachov "make a New Yalta deal to the Politburo, to provide the neo-Stalinist section of the with the Western Trust" faction in the Soviet leadership, nomenklatura with the ability to terminate Gorbachov's rule Aleksander Yakovlev. Yakovlev confidedto Britain's multi should the need ever arise. In the current rumblings in Mos millionaire publisher and Trust figure, Robert Maxwell, that cow, Ligachov has taken the offensive against the "excesses" "there is conservative opposition to Gorbachov's policies." of glasnost, while Chebrikov, in his Sept. 10 speech com Gorbachov's headlong drive for a "New Yalta," begin memorating the 110th birthday of Cheka (KGB) founder ning with the INF agreement, coupled with his campaign of Feliks Dzerzhinsky, in the midst of Gorbachov's disappear glasnost and its outpourings of emphasis on the "negative" ance, quashed any schemes to rehabilitate the Bolshevik's concerning the past under Stalin, the post-Khrushchov peri Trust component, personifiedby Leon Trotsky and Bukhar od , and the present, has galvanized a growing, powerful, in. "neo-Stalinist" opposition into action. The opposition fears Gorbachov's problems, however, all pointing toward a that the New Yalta's middle term consequences would be major shiftin the Soviet Union, began well beforehis 53-day disastrous for the Muscovite Empire, and that glasnost has absence. already opened a Pandora's box of internalpro blems, starting with the disturbances among the captive nationalities: last The unraveling of a general secretary December in Kazakhstan, the Crimean Tatars this spring and A review of the first nine months of 1987 shows the summer, this August in the Baltic Republics, and the poten inexorable growth of the storm now engulfing theKrem lin. tial for much worse to erupt. January: The long-postponed Central Committee (CC) There is, to say the least, a cloud of uncertainty as to Plenum is finallyheld with a very noteworthy result. This is whether an INF agreement will be sealed, or, if so, whether the first post-Reykjavik Central Cbmmittee Plenum, one it will "stick. " Gorbachov' s failure to utter even a single word month after the riots in Kazakhstan. General Secretary Gor about the INF agreement or a summit with Reagan, during bachov, who should be the "boss," calls for the Central Com his initial reappearance, bear moot testimony to this point. mittee to adopt his resolution that a special Party Conference Soviet publications, such as Literaturnaya Gazeta, speak be held in mid-1988, a conference that would, among other carefully about the "probable agreement," and a "possible things, be used to settle "personnel questions," i.e., getting summit." The director of the Moscow USA-Canada Institute, rid of many on the Central Committee. Gorbachov stressed Georgi Arbatov, writing in Moscow News Sept. 30, was that such a conferencewas necessary to set policy "at crucial explicit, that while a summit is "desirable," it is "by no means stages." The Central Committee refuses to agree. a settled matter. " March: The anti-glasnost campaign begins in earnest. In EIR October 9, 1987 International 39 late March, at a meeting of the Secretariat of the Russian ratified, and three new members are added to the Politburo, Republic (RSFSR) Writers' Union, speeches were delivered including leading Trust link, and Gorbachov associate, denouncing the glasnost campaign, and urging writers and Aleksander Yakovlev. Behind these apparent victories, all is editors to pay more attention to the "positive achievements" not well with Gorbachov. He is forced to admit in his address of the Soviet Union historically. The speeches were printed to the Central Committee that opposition to him is strongest in full March 27 in LiteraturnayaRossi ya, the literary weekly in the Party's leading bodies: "We cannot allow a situation of the Russian Republic. where changes in the frame of mind of the people outpace the April: In a full page article in Sovetskaya Rossiya, April understanding of these processes in the Party, the more so in 19, little noticed in the West, the first decisive blow against its guiding bodies." attempts to rehabilitate Bolshevik Trust figures is delivered, Tactically, Gorbachov commits a serious blunder in his in a scathing attack against Stalin's 1920s opponents, Zinov speech. He singles out for attack by name 13 Central Com iev and Kamenev. mittee members, including Nikolai Talyzin, the head of the The long-term significance of the Dec . 26, 1983 CC Gosplan (and a candidate Politburo member), Demirchyan, Plenum, the last under Andropov, comes into perspective. the Armenian Party boss, and Lev Voronin and Ivan Silayev, That Plenum brought a core Russian Republic mafia onto the two deputy prime ministers under Prime Minister and Polit Politburo, Mikhail Solomentsev (RSFSR Chairman of the buro member Nikolai Ryzhkov. The attack on Silayev, boss Council of Ministers, 1971-83) and Vitali Vorotnikov (RSFSR of the super-ministry Machine Building Bureau, signals that Chairman of the Council of Ministers, 1983- ), and brought future purges could strike at the military industrial complex, Yegor Ligachov to Moscow, placing him on the Secretariat. a hitherto sacrosanct entity. April: The rumblings reach the outside world through a Gorbachov, by attacking influential people and not re series of cancellations and postponements concerning Gor moving them, has played into the hands of the growing op bachov's itinerary to visit neutral and Westerncountries (Yu position. Similarly, some 30.40 individuals since the 27th goslavia, Greece, Italy), and WestGerman President Richard Party Congress have been purged. from their posts, but remain von Weizsacker is suddenly informed, with no explanation, on the Central Committee. that his planned May visit to Moscow is off for the time July: On July 1 and again on July 3, Ligachov addressed being. One element in the string of cancellations is a shift in the editorial board of Sovetskaya Kultura, demanding that Soviet policy toward radically increasing the process of eco more attention be paid to "the achievements of the Soviet nomic integration within the Comecon. Ligachov emerges as regime," during the 1930s and now. His statements, reprint a chief spokesman for this tendency. ed in Sovetskaya Kultura, July 7, echoes the Literaturnaya East German Politburo member Kurt Hager, interviewed Rossiya articles of March 27. He also cites the positive ex by West Germany's Stern magazine, is asked about Gorba ample of Sovetskaya Rossiya , thus declaring his stand on the chov's glasnost and "reforms," and responds: "Just because Trotsky/Bukharin rehabilitation question. a neighbor is papering his walls, doesn't mean we have to." Ligachov then fires a shot across the bow of Gorbachov , The East German party newspaper, Neues Deutschland, re Mr. and Mrs. He calls for "increased state and party control" printsthe interview in full. over culture. The seemingly innocuous phrase is an attack May: The end ofMay produced what observers in Europe launched against the two people who run culture in the Soviet characterized as the most "say nothing, do nothing" Warsaw Union; Raisa Gorbachova, boss of the Soviet Culture Fund, Pact Summit, in East Berlin, they had ever witnessed. and Gorbachov crony, Aleksander Y akovlev, the Central June: The U.S. military enters the Gulf in force. The Committee Secretary in charge of propaganda and culture. Soviet military orders an outrage committed during Warsaw Ligachov denounces moves to publish books by previously Pact naval exercises in the Baltic. The West German Navy banned writers . Tender Neckaris deliberately firedon and hit several times. The opposite view, Yakovlev's, is provided in Literatur No apologies are offered. naya Cazeta of July 8, when an article calling for the printing Ligachov, on June 22, in a speech at the Central Com of books by previously banned writers ends by quoting Ya mittee building in Moscow, rakes Soviet ministries over the kovlev on the "need to be tolerantof different views. " coals for "failing to take proper decisions based on Party At the beginning of JUlYi the U.S. State Department directives to expand economic relations" with the nations of announces, prematurely, that Shultz and Shevardnadze will the Comecon. He orders the ministries to set up "new forms meet in mid-July. Moscow is silent, the meeting never oc of cooperation" including "direct production links," science curs. Then, in mid-July, the INF agreement, stalled for and R&D links, and "j oint enterprises. " months, acquires momentum with the agreement on a "global The Central Committee again convenes a plenum, June double zero option." Moscow, ever testing the West for fur 25-26, addressed by Gorbachov, who again presents his pro ther concessions, promptly adds the removal of the West posal for a June 28, 1988 special conference. This time it's German Pershing I-As as a condition. 40 International EIR October 9, 1987 Gorbachov tries to go for the kill against one of his Pol debate on the troubles among the nationalities. He blamed itburo opponents, Vladimir Shcherbitsky, Ukrainian party "Western intelligence services" for being behind the riots and boss. From January-July 1987, seven Ukrainian regional first demonstrations, naming the December Kazakhstan riots, the secretaries are removed from office, along with Stepan Mu spring demonstrations by Crimean Tatars, and the August kha, the KGB chief in the Ukraine. On July 12, the chairman troubles in the Baltic Republics. of the Ukrainian Council of Ministers, Aleksander Lyashko, On Sept. 27, the next major blow is delivered against the is fired. On July 16, the Ukrainian Central Committee expels would-be rehabilitation of Bukharid and Trotsky , in a full Lyashko and Mukha from the Ukrainian Politburo. Then, on page article in Sovetskaya Rossiya . The article, mocking July 25 , Pravda publishes front-page a 1919 letter by Lenin, Western mediaexpectations that Trotsky is to be rehabilitat denouncing "abuse of power" by the Party's Ukrainian lead ed, calls them "groundless." It is titled: "They Want to Re ership, with Lenin quoted saying, "All possible measures habilitate Judas." Trotsky is depicted as a "narcissist," who will be taken to end the abuse." To make sure even illiterates tried to "split the Party ," the "opponept of Lenin" who turned get the message, Pravda comments that the letter is "relevant traitor. Bukharin is dismissed as a "follower of Trotskyism. " to today ," where the "Party is in a struggle against officials In the last week of September, the Soviet Union can no driven by petty, selfishinterests ." longer hide the fact that the grain harvest is a failure. A large August: During Gorbachov's disappearance, the nation part of the harvested crop, lying in fields awaiting transport, alities problems of the Russian Empire come again to the is destroyed by heavy rains. The harvest disaster will have fore , when demonstrations against the 1939 Hitler-Stalin Pact important political consequences. which delivered Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania to Russia, One important thing did not happen during August and are staged in the capitals of the three Baltic Republics. The September. Following Pravda's July 25 denunciation of the demonstrations spark a major, and still raging, debate in the Ukrainian leadership, and during the entirety of Gorbachov' s Soviet press concerning local autonomy, relations between absence, the purge of Central Committee level party func the nationalities, etc., with views ranging from liberalism to tionaries has stopped, with as yet nO iresumption. increasing Russification. In the context of the debate, there Gorbachov's return has not effected a cooling down in is, at least one non-debatable singularity-a Soviet policy the factional debate raging inside the Soviet Union. If any upholding the "validity" of the Hitler-Stalin Pact. The mass thing, it has been intensified, and, as in March, the position of Soviet articles in the last month on the subject has unani of "point man" in the media has been taken by Literaturnaya mously upheld this view, and the heaviest numerical concen Rossiya . tration of such articles has appeared in the newspapers of the LiteraturnayaRossiya ofthe last week in September car Baltic Republics. ries two landmark articles. The first.amounts to an endorse Under U.S. pressure, the Kohl government capitulates ment of the Russian chauvinist Pamyat Society, today's ra on the Pershing I-A issue, agreeing to scrap them in the cialist and anti-Semitic version of the Black Hundreds of context of an INF agreement, and the way is cleared for the Czarist days. The weekly's editor in. chief declares he's will Shultz-Shevardnadze talks in September which produced an ing to "meet with the leaders of the Pamyat Society"to "find "agreement in principle." common positions." September: At the height of the drive to secure an INF More stunning is that the March broadsides against glas agreement, the Soviet military launches a string of major nost as defined by Gorbachov, have now been joined by the military provocations in Europe. A Soviet bomber intrudes first explicit attack against perestroika as defined by Gorba into Dutch airspace; a Soviet fighter wings a Norwegian chov. Literaturnaya Rossiya carries, a review of three maga reconnaissance plane over the Barents Sea, nearly causing it zine articles written by old Stalinists, denouncing the to crash; Soviet troops fireon a vehicle of the U.S. Military Khrushchov era. Perestroika, as now being practiced, is Mission in East Germany, wounding one American soldier; blasted as a "continuation of the liberal course" under a Bulgarian patrol craft rams and sinks a Turkish fishing Khrushchov. No editor would dare allow such a sentence vessel within Turkish territorial waters in the Black Sea; a without explicit backing by the nomenklatura's power bro Soviet SU-24 fighter-bomber with nuclear weapons on board, kers. ostentatiously flies over the West German city of Braun Gorbachov is under no illusions that he is heading toward schweig on Sept. 17, the very day the INF agreement is the fate suffered by Khrushchov. In his speech to the visiting reachedin Washington. French delegation, he candidly admitted his doubts about his The death knell for attempts to rehabilitate Trotsky and future, when he remarked that "withoutdemocracy and glas Bukharin is sounded. On Sept. 10, KGB chief Viktor Che nost," reform policies are "condemned to failure," and then, brikov denounces Trotsky and Trotskyism repeatedly in his in a look at the haunting past, noted the "failure of earlier policy speech delivered to honor Cheka founder Dherzhin attempts, especially after the 20th Party Congress," i.e., sky. Chebrikov also presents the KGB's contribution to the under Khrushchov. ElK October 9, 1987 International 41 Te rrorists carving up Colombia thanks to Monetary Fund policies by BenjaminCastro By the time Colombian president Virgilio Barco Vargas com Church surveys estimate that the alliance between nar pletes his presidential tenn in 1990. He will be handing over cotics traffickers and terrorists is now operative in 80% of to his successor not one , but two, perhaps even three "auton Colombia's national territory. omous republics," controlled by narco-terrorists, drug traf The commander-in-chief of the narco-terrorist National fickers, and the international oil companies, unless the pres Liberation Anny (ELN), Spanish priest Manuel Perez, told ent economic policy is totally reversed. This disintegration the Colombian magazine Cromos on Sept. 8 that his group's of the Colombian nation will be the "natural" consequence intention is to capture the states of Arauca, Norte de Santan of the programs implemented, under orders of the interna der, and Cesar, bordering Venezuela, 1,700 kilometers of tional banks, by the governments which preceded Barco, and territory containing the critical Cano Lim6n Covenas oil which Barco himself has not hesitated to continue. pipeline. As the magazine noted, the traditional political The financial and economic dictates of the international leaders in the region admit that in Arauca, at least 90% of the creditor banks and the International MonetaryFund have, in population is in some way or another dependenton the ELN. effect, reduced the government and the institutions of au Portions of Santander as well are now reportedly under ELN thority in the country to a state of impotence, to the point that control; the terrorists serve as the local government, admin there is no officialpresence in the bulk of Colombia's national istering "justice," setting salaries, collecting taxes, and re territory. Current policy has destroyed the capability to take solving conflicts. on and defeat the subversive and drug-trafficking groups According to Father Manuel Moreno, SJ. (reportedly which now virtually dominate certain regions of the country, closely tied to various Central American guerrilla organiza defying the very sovereignty of the state. tions), the ELN seeks to take leadership over the millions of The underlying elements of the country's crisis were Colombians currently being driven out of Venezuela due to identified by the Colombian Catholic Bishops, in the con border tensions between the two countries. The ELN has cluding statement of their Bishops Council meeting in July organized "social assistance programs" in various parts of 1987: the region, which are financed by the oil companies that operate there-Occidental Petroleum, Shell, Chevron, Sac We are living with such calamity, that one further cim, Mannesmann-and administered by a combination of step would be total war .... We see a climate of local government officials and the church. violence .... Subversion is daily arming itself and Last May, the comptroller general of the nation revealed sowing insecurity across the land; the drug traffickers that the ELN had prepareda detailed oil exploration program are imposing their powerthrough bloodshedand mon for the country, premised on full collaboration with the oil ey. . . . The Colombian people are severely disillu multinationals. This strange association, according to the sioned by their rulers, the national institutions, and Jesuit priest, emerged in the aftennath ofa terrorist campaign the political class .... by the ELN against the companies, during which more than The country can no longer sustain the injustice of 200terrorist assaults on personnel and installations yielded having a legitimate government, and simultaneously at least $4 million in ransom and protection money. Thanks vast territories controlled by the guerrillas; having two to these sums, the ELN has gone from a tiny band of moun annies, one that defends the institution [of the nation] tain-dwelling fanatics to a small modem annyof an estimated and one that seeks to destroy it; having double justice, 1,000 men. one that administers the law, and then the death penalty But the ELN's alliance is notsolely with the multination imposed by the guerrillas and the drug trade. als. According to Guajira Congressman Oscar G6mez Britio, 42 International EIR October 9, 1987 The Colombian battlefield : Concentrations of guerrilla forces called "fronts" the ELN has a deal with Venezuelan marijuana and cocaine its "spine," where it dominates the crucial Magdalena River growers to attack any Venezuelan army patrol that attempts valley. From there , FARC guerrillas are able to strike against to identify and destroy their illegal drug crops. Exemplary almost any part of the country. But they have other strong was the case of Sierra de Perija, a mountainous border region holds, too. where an ELN commando unit not long ago slaughtered nearly a dozen sleeping soldiers from an anti-drug patrol . A new 'banana republic' The financial and military strength of the ELN in the In the banana-producing region of Uraba, in the north region contrasts dramatically with that of the Colombian western tip of Colombia, more than 200 have died since the army and the government. The mid-September visit to the beginning of the year from "lead poisoning," a euphemism region of Foreign Minister Julio Londono Paredes, in his adopted by inhabitants of the region to refer to the constant capacity as Acting President (Barco being hospitalized in shootings. Of the owners of the banana plantations, only 16% South Korea), and later. the Sept. 23 visit of a senate com ever visit their property. out of fear of being assassinated by mission, made glaringly evident the pathetic state of military the FARC or the Popular Liberation Army (EPL), according and government authority there . to the daily EI Espectador. Similarly, labor organizers have The Venezuelan government's decision to shut down been forced to abandon the region under threat of death from highways in the border states of Tachira and Apure will now the multitude of "right-wing" death squads that have surfaced prevent the arrival of more than 5,000 tons of food from in response to the FARClEPL activity. Arauca to Norte de Santander, Colombia. Because Colom As is popularly acknowledged throughout the region , the bia's border region lacks highways for cargo transport, it is banana workers' unions. Sintagro and Sintrabanano, are con dependent upon road networks just across the border in Ven trolled by the EPL and FARC. respectively. Gen. Miguel ezuela to provision itself. Such isolation of the region will Buenaventura, commander of the region's armed forces, serve only . to drive the population of the region yet more charged Sept. II that both unions had their "armed wings," deeply into the arms of the guerrillas. and that the primary cause forthe wave of assassinations in Colombian Sen. Alfonso Valdevieso, who was part of the region was the ongoing battle between the two rival guer the frustrated senatorial commission, declared that there was rilla groups to capture the unions, and thus the region. an evident "absence of government" in the region. A spokes The Banana Producers Association in Uraba released a man from the German construction company Mannesmann statement to the national press warning that "Uraba is on the described it as "two authorities," the government and the edge of the abyss," and demanding that the situation in the ELN . region be viewed from a global "geopolitical" standpoint. The statement pointed out that rather than a battle between The F ARC and the narcos rival groups, what was in fact going on was a battle between The southeastern Colombian department of Caqueta is the Soviet-run subversives-and the multinational compa the headquarters for eight "fronts" ofthe Revolutionary Armed nies-for control of a region which is the necessary passage Forces of Colombia (FARC). It is simultaneously, and not way in any plan for interoceanic links. be it construction of coincidentally, one of the principal operations centers for the the Atrato-Truand6 Canal. or a superhighway connecting the cocaine traffickers-theothers being Amazonas, Putumayo, two gulfs. and Vaupes. In Caqueta in just the past year, 38 leaders of Defense Minister Gen. Rafael Samudio Molina told the the ruling Liberal Party, 18 of the Social Conservative Party, Colombian congress Sept. 21 that the armed forces and police and 12 of the leftist Patriotic Union have been assassinated. had no effective presence in 47 county seats, 3,100 rural According to the president of the departmental assembly, municipalities, and 1,808 townships throughout the country, Angel Ricardo, the majority of those assassinations have simply for lack of resources. These are , in their majority, been carriedout by the FARC . Ricardo himself was murdered located in the departments of Antioquia, Boyaca, Bolivar, in mid-September, after having made his accusations public Choco, Meta, Magdalena, Nadno, and Santander. ' during the assembly's deliberations. The FARC and the ELN operate extensively in these One of the members of the Liberal Party's national direc unprotected departments, fostering a sense of vulnerability torate , HernandoDuran Dussan, observed that leaders of the and hopelessness which oftenfe eds into guerrilla propaganda country's political parties were literally being driven under against the government. The FARC also maintains a perma ground by the subversives in some parts of the country. The nent presence in the departments of Vichada, Huila, Putu governor of Caqueta, Cornelio Trujillo, told the daily EI mayo, Guaviare , and Tolima, precisely the regions targeted Tiempo that he had been threatened with death, and was by the Barco government and World Bank for a share-the prevented from attending to his responsibilities because his poverty"r ehabilitation" program which has failed to provide principal job was to survive the trip from home to office, and even the most essential infrastructure, much less a genuine back again. The FARC attacked his home in early September. development program to integrate them into the rest of the The F ARC is strongest in the center of the country, along country. 44 International EIR October 9, 1987 capitalist world's iron reserves, 72.5% of its rutile (titanium dioxide), 80.7% of its berylium, 29.2% of its apatite, 11.8% of its bauxite, 6.5% of its gold, 6.3% of its asbestos, and 1.8% of its manganese. It is among the five capitalist states with the greatest reserves of pit-coal, pranium, and tin, and Shevardnadze in Brazil in the world's top 10 in reservesof chrOimium,nickel-copper, molybdenum, vanadium, tantalate, fluorite, diamonds, and for big mineral grab potassium salts. The Russians have been on a diplomatic offensive for by Robyn QUijano months in lbero-America which has alreadynetted an official invitation for Gorbachov from Peru and Brazil, a May visit to Moscow of Brazilian President Jose Sarney, and dozens Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze is on a ten of ministerial level visits. The offensive started over a year day tour of South America's SouthernCone . The high-profile ago with Fidel Castro's proposal that the U. S. offer debt relief purpose of the tour is to show extreme empathy with the by canceling much of the unpayable d�bt and bailing out the continent's debt problem, make officialthe details of Mikhail banks with money cut out of the U.S. defense budget, partic Gorbachov's 1988 tour of the region, and involve Ibero ularly the SDI. America in the fight against the U.S. Strategic Defense Ini Gorbachov is carrying forward the ruse, noting in a letter tiative. But above all, and more quietly, Russia is moving in that Shevardnadze presentedto PresidentSarney that the debt for one of the biggest mineral grabs of the decade. is "a veritable tumor." The Soviet foreign minister said that According to an article by Sergio Danilo in the Oct. 2 his country and Brazil have identical views on the linkage edition of Brazil's Gazeta Mercantil, "The Soviet govern between disarmament and development, and mooted a de ment is interested in establishing an industrial pole of small velopment fund with monies diverted from arms . . and medium enterprises in Brazil. . . . This information was On Oct. 1, Shevardnadze also delivered a letter from provided to this journalby an aide to Soviet Foreign Minister Gorbachov to Argentine President Raul Alfonsin, which Eduard Shevardnadze ....The Soviets want to raise their talked of arms reduction as the key to solving the debt prob production of aluminum, wolframite, molybde'num, and im lem. Shevardnadze told the Argentine parliament that "we port a great part of those minerals, as well as increasing must end the arms race and take advantage of those resources purchases of tin and its alloys in the international market to for development purposes," and specifically attacked "at guarantee by 1990 the production of 1.9 million tons of non tempts to militarize space," the Russian desciption of the ferrous metals ....The Soviets want to increase their rela SOL tions with the CVRD, the Brazilian state enterprise . . . the The Soviets have studied the tensionpoints between the greatest iron [ore] producer and exporter in the world, in U.S. and Ibero-America, and rubbed tijemin at every chance. order to raise the U . S . S.R. 's efficiency and quality of mineral An easy one was supporting the Argentines' rights to the reserves considered strategic for its military program, de Malvinas Islands. When the U.S. backed Britain in the 1982 nominated radio frequency, and being implemented by Mar war, in violation of the Monroe Doctrine, U.S. Latin Amer shal Nikolai Ogarkov. Brazil, in possessing cesium ore, a ican relations reached a low point, and have been going down fuel for missiles and substance for the nuclear area, niobium hill ever since. for semiconductors, quartz for the optics area, bauxite and Soviet trade agreements signed in Brasilia include joint galium for metals, tantalum and lithium ores, is considered . ventures in metallurgy, energy, chemicals, communications, the main Soviet ally in the furnishing of these strategic raw oil extraction, irrigation, civil construction, and consulting materials. " services. Shevardnadze told the presshis country was offer Danilo adds, "The U. S.S .R. could transfer machines and ing Brazil and Argentina "fruitful cooperation in the science equipment to the Brazilian mining companies with lO-year and peacefulutilization of nuclear energy. " They also signed financing, two years' grace, and interest of 5-6.5% per year an agreement to produce insulin. In 1985 U.S. Treasury and also buy the raw materials needed for industrial produc Undersecretary Tim McNamar threa�ned debtor countries tion in the U.S.S.R. during each five-year period." This is with an insulin cut -off, if they reneged on debt payments. all part of the glasnost policy, of massive increase in indus The Sunday Times of London Sept. 27, in a feature enti trial production by 1990, he reports. tled, "Russia moves to woo Brazil and Argentina," reminds The Russians had done their homework on Brazil. In the that, "the ever-heavier debt burden ;is provoking an anti August 1987 issue of their journal America Latina, an article American nationalism in both countIjes, and leading weak on "Potential Resources of Brazil," by Nikolai Kalashnikov, governments towards desperate measures." Moscow will give the scientificsecretary of the Soviet Latin American Institute, "sympathy and support" for the symbolic "debtors' club," details Brazil's mineral wealth which includes 17.5% of the the Times notes. EIR October 9, 1987 International 45 1,250 anti-tank TOW missiles to Iran . Banerjee continued his association with North by then delivering Polish 9 mm machine-guns to the Contras via Belgium, Holland, and Pan Operation Sunlight ama. Cited in the British Parliament for his business activities, hits Iran suppliers Banerjee is wanted for interrogation by the Walsh commis sion. However, local intelligence sources stressed that Ba by ThierryLalevee nerjee's quite official association with the military industries of Yugoslavia, Romania, and Poland, has made him un touchable for certain layers. One of Banerjee's middlemen A series of scandals has been hitting Iran's weapons suppliers in the Hamburg negotiations, Michael Aspin, has been less since the arrest of Italy's Count Ferdinando Borletti in early lucky. Involved in arms smuggling to Iran since "day one," September. Iran can still buy weapons from up to 40 different Aspin is to betried in January. with Banerjee appearing as a countries, but as one observer remarked, "The price has gone witness. To be mentioned is Aspin's delivery of Chieftain up, and they cannot get the same large amounts as they used tanks to Iran in November 1981, a deal worked out for ob to, they are getting smaller shipments at a time." As a result, taining the release of two Anglican priests then held hostage "There are entire days where the Iranians cannot answer in Teheran. Iraq's attacks, because they lack ammunition, especiallyar Though no connections have yet emerged between the tilleryshel ls." Borletti affair and Walter Demuth, many leads have allowed The crackdown on Borletti' s Vasella Meccanotecnica a crackdown on secondary networks. On Sept. 26, a Trieste company has triggeredrevelations in almost all the European based network smuggling weapons to both Iran and Iraq, countries. Intelligence sources report that it was initiated by between Italy and Yugoslavia, was dismantled. The same U.S. Special Prosecutor Lawrence Walsh, whose collabora day, an Italian lawyer, Giuseppe De Lupis, was arrested at tors toured Europe at the end of August. One investigator, the Italo-Swiss border with several billion Italian liras' worth David Faulkner, went from Britain to France and Italy; weeks of false "promissory notes" from the Ministry of Defense of later, the scandals erupted, each unveiling furtheraspects of Indonesia. Early in the spring, a French lawyer, Hubert the activities of Oliver North and his associates. In mid Thierry, was caught in New York with similar fake notes. September, the Swiss government agreed to transfer up to Then, as now, the operation led to Syrian businessman 8,000 different documents to Washington, regarding the fi Hassan Zubaidi, who used the sale of the notes to finance a nancial activities of North , Richard Secord , Albert Hakim large arms smuggling ring between Beirut and Europe. The and Thomas Clines. Indictments are pending, and while Se arrest of De Lupis, who has already served time for his mafia cord and Clines have reportedly fled to Europe, Hakim is ties, led to others in Switzerland and West Germany. cautiously staying in South Korea. These could be characterized only as "small fish," com A piece of the puzzle fell into place with the arrest of pared to what lies ahead. First, on both sides of the Atlantic, Swiss businessman Walter Demuth on Sept. 8 in Turin, upon the activities of the "Explosives Cartel," comprising the Du a warrantiss ued on Aug. 20, 1986 by New York Judge David Pont Corporation, Sybron Corporation, Nobel Explosives of Jordan. The director of the Belp-based "HeliTrade" compa Scotland, Bofors of Sweden. Gamlen Chemicals, PRB of ny-a subsidiary of "HeliSwiss"-Demuth is accused of Belgium, Israeli Military Industries, and SNPE of France are illegally exporting hundreds of millions of dollars worth of under scrutiny. Their activities are especially relevant to the aircraft spare parts to Iran, under the cover of "end-user" export of tens of thousands of sea mines to Iran in recent certificates listing Nigeria or Zaire. Pending his extradition months. to the United States, European investigators have been poring Second, a large scandal is rocking the activities of the over Demuth's papers. This led on Sept. 25 to the arrest of Austrian Voest-Alpina company, which is negotiating to build two top armsdealers in the Turin region. It also lifted another a small plant in Iran . Voest-Alpina used its subsidiary, Nor veil on a large arms-smuggling operation based out of Britain icum, to illegally export weapons to Iran, in 1985-86. Two and organized by Indian-born British businessman, Ben Ba leading witnesses, Voest-Alpina's former chairman, Heri nerjee of the "BR&W Industries." bert Apfalter, and Austria's former ambasador to Greece, Among Demuth's papers was evidence linking the two Herman Amry, both died suddenly of heart attacks as they men in up to $300 million in arms deals. Investigations in were about to testify. Britain revealed that Banerjee, a personal friend of Oliver Third is the case of West Germany once agai n. Revela North since 1981, was on the inside of arms-for-Iran talks tions on Banerjee's meetings in Hamburg pointed to the role since his participation at a Nov. 20, 1984 meeting in Ham of the Iranian ambassador to Bonn, Javad Salari, and the burg, with North and Iranian negotiators. Held in various extent to which German government officials were privy to Hamburg hotels, the talks led to the delivery by Banerjee of such negotiations and allowed them. 46 International EIR October 9, 1987 sort out the chances and risks involved .... But one thing must be clear: Ourfr eedom and securityare not upfo r grabs, they cannot be the price of something else. whatever that may be ." He explained, "In no way, however, is a serious offer for German unity with free elections and self-determination A new 'Stalin Note' to be expected." Gorbachov, he said, will "in no way offer that, just as Stalin and the 'Stalin Note' of 1952 did not offer for We st Germany? that." What is likely is that Moscow will present "the offer as bait ...a temptation," part of its "tactical game" to pull by Luba George West Germany out of NATO. "We must carefully prepare for any such eventuality." Two days before Hennig spoke, Valentin Falin appeared The Soviets are now weighing an initiative that might be on German national television and hinted that Moscow, in termed a "new Stalin Note ," after the Soviet dictator's fa the context of the arms control process, could make an offer mous 1952 memorandum on the reunification of Germany. of a new status for West Berlin. He added that the precondi The Kremlin will probably soon propose a "confederation tion for such Soviet "concessions" would be "withdrawal of between the two German states," said Ottried Hennig, state all foreign troops from German soil. " secretary in the West German Ministry of Inter-German Re Falin's signal was immediately picked up by the sell-out lations Sept 25. He dropped this bombshell at the Frankfurter faction in West Germany. Bonn's foreign minister, Hans Forum '87 sponsored by the Kurt Schumacher Foundation. Dietrich Genscher, addressing the United Nations, stated that Hennig warned that Moscow's "alternative scenario" for a what must be pursued "with emphasis" after an INF agree "new German policy," the idea of a "confederation," with ment, are conventional troop cuts in Europe. Oskar La the pre-condition that "all foreign troops" be withdrawn from Fontaine, being groomed as the next chairman of the Social German soil, was aimed at "decoupling" West Germany from Democratic Party (SPD), in a Sept. 24 address to the National its Westernalli es. Defense College in Washington, presented the SPD's capit The conference occurred Sept. 23-27, right after the ulationist doctrine of "defensive defense," and called for the Shultz-Shevardnadze talks in Washington. The speakers and "withdrawal of all foreign troopsfrom German soil." participants, a non-partisan gathering, included members of Hennig's warnings, however, stung Moscow. On Sept. the West German government and high-ranking intelligence 30, in an interview with the Hamburger Morgenpost. Falin officials, East bloc emigres, pro-Western former Social denied Hennig's statements that he or others were working Democrats in the postwar tradition of Kurt Schumacher, and on a scheme for confederation. Soviet experts from Germany and other European countries. Falin's denial was not very credible. On Sept. 29, East Facing what they see as unavoidable Soviet-American agree German leader Erich Honecker, interviewed in the party dai ments, they expressed their determination to providea "strong ly Neues Deutschland. attacked the Western allies for having European front" against appeasement. "ruined" chances for German reunification in 1952 by reject The proceedings were vivid testimony to the fact that ing the Stalin Note. Honecker fueled speculation on a coming beneath official European support for the "Munich II" INF "confederation" offer by ruling out . a reunified Germany treaty now being worked out by the superpowers, a volcano modeled on Bismarck's 1871 Reich, but saying that Germany of opposition is rumbling on the continent. today is "better off' with "only two separate German States," rather than the 25 separate pre- 1871 states. Gorbachov's 'German card' quartet Shortly afterGorbachov commissioned his "quartet," the Hennig reported that, in January , Gorbachov appointed "confederation" idea was a topic of disCussion at the German four leading functionaries to conduct a study on the German Soviet Bergedorfer Circle talks in Moscow in February-March ' question that would lead to a Soviet proposal on German of this year. There, Countess Marion Donhoff, publisher of reunification, to be delivered before the end of the year. The the liberal weekly Die Zeit. and a leading proponent of a deal four were Valentin Falin, former ambassador to Germany with Moscow, asked Arbatov: "Would it be at all thinkable and now head of the Novosti press agency; Georgi Arbatov, for you, that Eastern and Western Europe could someday director of the U.S.A. -Canada Institute; Prof. D. Melnikov, merge together in a form of union, under which I for now Germany expert at the foreign policy think tank IMEMO; leave out the division of Germany . � . ?" Arbatov replied: and Nikolai Portugalov, G�rmany expert in the Central Com "You are talking about the possibility of bringing together mittee apparatus. Easternand Western Europe into a fonn of union?" Donhoff: Hennig made clear that he rejected in advance any Soviet "Yes, or in a type of federation." Arbatov left Moscow's confederation offer. "Should there be a German-question answer open: "I believe, we should think of Europe as one offensive by the Soviets, we will, as is our duty, study and continent. " EIR October 9, 1987 International 47 'l:Mfaire LaRouche' and the defense of We stern Europe today by Jean-Gabriel Revault d'A1lonnes The International Commission to Investigate Human Rights I had been brought by my personal work to be involved Violations held its first conference in Paris on Sept. 25 and in strategic problems; this ought not surprise you on the part 26, to review the "Third Trial of Socrates," the judiciaL of a general of the reserves, he certainly should be involved persecution of U.S. presidential candidate Lyndon LaRouche with such a thing. And, in the course of this work, I had and his political movement. evidently been led to intereSt myself in the new American The meeting on "L'Affa ire LaRouche," as it is known in strategy, the Strategic Defense Initiative, and I became aware France, fo llowed two weeks after hearings were heLd in a that it was Mr. Lyndon LaRouche, an American I was not suburb of Washington, D.C., to review an extraordinary familiar with, who had been the extremely active and persua array of testimony fr om both Americans and internationally sive initiator of this affair, which was not yet called the prominent figures, both on LaRouche's positive influence as Strategic Defense Initiative, which took that name only after an American statesman on the world scene, and on the out March 23, 1983. rages that have been committed to silence him and his polit But since 1982, I had cOme to know the work of Mr. ical associates. The Washington-area hearings, as previ LaRouche, without yet knowing that the Americans would ously reported in EIR, were conducted by the Fact-Finding be going to adopt this new strategy. This is otherwise going Committee of the Commission, chaired by the Spanish jurist very well, contrary to what you can read here or there in the Don Victor Girauta, which produced a final statement of press, since yesterday or the day before I believe, the U.S. findings in the wake of the Paris meeting . Senate voted, with no difficulty, $4 .7 billion requested by We publish here substantiaL excerpts of two presentations the Pentagonfor the Strategic Defense Initiative for the com to the Paris meeting by the chairman of the International ing fiscal year ....Hence , matters are going very well from Commission, General of the French Reserves, lean-Gabriel that side, at least in America; in Europe, we are a bit behind, RevauLt d'Allonnes. The sp eeches were translated from the and that is for me one of the reasons for me to get interested French by Katherine Notley . in Mr. LaRouche's work in this domain. I then had the occasion to meet Mr. LaRouche. I have Strategic import of the LaRouche case personally met with him several times. I must say that he Introductory remarks, delivered on Sept. 25: enormously captivated me; he possesses an utterly brilliant One can ask why an International Commission to Inves intelligence in many areas other than those where I have some tigate Human Rights Violations begins its work today with elements of competence, areas where I am not in the least violations of human rights in the United States. Evidently, it competent such as economics, politics, and so forth . But he is rather surprising and, in France at least, one is not quite truly captivated me by his very lively intelligence. And, habituated to considering that, in this great allied country, it another thing that completely excited my curiosity, is that I were possible to have serious human rights violations. One came to perceive that this person was the object of absolutely of the objects of this meeting will be precisely to study one extraordinary attacks and criticisms coming from every particularcase , the case of Mr. Lyndon LaRouche and of his quarter, from all countries, and in particular from countries friends in the United States. What brings me to get involved or people who did not know! him. Well this always gets me in it, to speak about it, is in itself curious, since I am not an very interested, when I see sOmeone, to whom I am sympa American citizen, I vote in France and not in the United thetic, and who is attacked and treated in as wicked a manner States, and hence one can ask oneself what am I getting mixed as you can imagine without any species of proof. Therefore up in. Very well, it is extremely simple: I am going to try to I don't like this and I investigate; so, I've investigated and say it in very little time. evidently I've found nothing; perhaps I have found some- 48 International EIR October 9, 1987 thing just the same; I believe they just now said that I was a lieve, the oldest allies of the United States-that we must Compagnon de la Liberation-that is not an honorary title, draw this out into the light come what may. And our attitude, this proves that I fought with General de Gaulle throughout my attitude is to say to our American friends: "Listen my the entirety of the war-and it turnsout that, perhaps by habit dear brother, my dear friend, watch out, don't do something or by personal conviction, I continued to be as completely stupid!" faithful to General de Gaulle when he withdrew into exile as when he was President of the Republic; and now that he is Implications of new weapons dead, I strive, to the extent of my feeble means, intellectual From a speech on military strategy to the Paris confer and moral, to remain faithful still. ence on Sept. 26: And I noticed that General de Gaulle had always been the object of extremely virulent attacks in at least two or three ...The first thing I would like to show you, is that domains for which he provoked my admiration. Forexample, strategic problems are extremely simple and that, if we deal in strategy-everybody recognizes it now, it has taken a long with them with ordinary words, we see that they are not in time-General de Gaulle equipped France with the most the least complicated; the second thing I would like to show modemweapons of the age during the 1960s. . . . Very well, you, is that the appearance of the new weapons entails con Mr. LaRouche seeks to equip the United States, that's his sequences not only on the strategic level, but equally on the country, with the most modem weapons of the age. During political level. the 1960s, it was the atomic bomb, now it is directed energy There has been an enormous amount of debate-and weapons. And he is attacked on that as well, as de Gaulle there is now and will be still tomorrow-about the new was attacked on the fo rce de fr appe. And moreover, General weapons of the American Strategic Defense Initiative, whose de Gaulle was for me, myself an officer of colonial troops, initiator it must be recalled is precisely Mr. Lyndon La one of the apostles of Third World liberation. Evidently, I Rouche .... liked this from the outset, since I had not joined the colonial But we must state that these new weapons, which are, be troops before the war in order to be a colonialist you under they directed-energy weapons, be they now the new radio stand, but entirely the contrary . So I must say that in the frequency weapons, that all these new weapons have extraor Brazzaville speech-and it persisted in the Phnom Penh dinary consequences which we have not always clearly taken speech and the one in Mexico and others-what was for me measure of, at least in the press we halVe in our hands. From truly marvelous, was that before the fact and after the fact it the moment that a certain number of beams or waves will was the confirmation of the [papal] encyclical Popu[orum have sufficient power to destroy from a distance or with a Progressio. For me this was truly, and continues to be, a practically instantaneous rapidity anything that moves, war marvelousthing . will perforce take other forms. From tlile moment that a rock Mr. LaRouche has, with respect to the Third World, and et, drivingitself toward you at great speed, can be destroyed I have closely studied his work in particular on Latin Amer in the air before it arrives, you will be able to apply the same ica-not too long ago I celebrated my 55th anniversary with system to a shell, a bullet, an airplane in flight, a helicopter, Latin America and other matters, I know Latin America a a tank, a truck, a ship; of course, it lWill come about soon bit-I must say that the work of Mr. LaRouche vis-a-vis enough, that anything that moves and anything that shoots Latin America, or the entire Third World, is in my eyes a can be instantaneously destroyed. Thatmeans that shock and marvel; it is completely remarkable, it is absolutely extraor maneuver, which have been the two components of all com ' dinary. This is very little known in France, but I have studied bat action since the beginning of man, will have ceased to be it, and he is attacked on that as de Gaulle was attacked on his able to exist. In modem armies, we don't call this shock and decolonialization. maneuver, we call it fireand movement, it's the same thing. I could continue in this vein, but you can see why I But if you supersede them, we have to see all our ideas on became interested in this individual, who above all does methods of making war, and all the most modem armies totally remarkable things; he fights drugs as no one has ever wherever they be, as' ready for the scrap heap. In any case, done, etc., etc. This commission is comprised of people far that is what we are seeing take place beneath our eyes. less incompetent than myself; I am more of a generalist than Unfortunately, it is not because shbck and maneuver will a specialist. You will hear completely eminent jurists, who have disappearedthat the human race �ill cease to make war; will tell you things obviously superiorto what I can tell you. that's a shame, but let's not have toontany illusions! So, man I myself am giving you an overview. seeks other formsof war and we see them developing beneath These attacks on the part of his country's Justice Depart our eyes. For example, the forms of war which are not so ment, whose object is Mr. LaRouche, are something so sur new as all that, terrorism, which resembles war a bit. . . . prising for Frenchmen, who have great admiration and great You have others more insidious� more pernicious; for love, great affection, for the United States-we are,I be- example, drugs, which is a form of war, or, if you want to be EIR October 9, 1987 International 49 more scientific, drugs can be a form of war, if we were to be possible. With these new weapons, you have fantastic changes able to demonstrate that its deployment, the development of possible in the political organization of Western Europe. drugs, proceeds from an adversary motivation; very well, I will explain. this was demonstrated last year by a particular case, which I In fact, in nuclear strategy, there are only two countries am going to cite you. in Western Europe who more or less possess nuclear weap A little over a year ago-a year and a half-Netherlands ons, that is, France and Great Britain. I have said "more or Customs searched a cargo ship under Soviet flag, which less" for the following reason. This strategy requires only a arrived in a port in Holland. And on this cargo ship, there single fingerpr essed on the button; and the finger in question was a certain number of kilos of drugs. These drugs came as far as France is concernedis normally the President of the from Riga, a Baltic port of a Russian colony, annexed without Republic which pushes or does not push the button, which any right; and following the thread, they found that these does not resolve the problem:of defense for the other coun drugs came from Afghanistan. I believe that you all know tries in Europe, because no one can be sure, in Italy, or in that Afghanistan is somewhat to the south of Russia, "that Belgium, or in Germany, that the President of the French Riga is somewhat to the north; very well, figure that these Republic will forcefully push ,the button the moment a grave numerous kilos of drugs had traversed the whole territory of crisis arises. the Soviet Union, probably without the knowledge of the On the other hand, if you replacethe atomic strategy with authorities. When they dug around a bit more in this dirty the new weapons strategy, you will have all over the defense affair, they realized that there was an entire network, an zone, that is, Western Europe, firing sites forbea ms, beam entirely fantastic traffic in drugs coming out of Russia, cov launching machines; and these machines, you will have to ering both the whole Mediterranean and Western Europe, deploy them just about everywhere, because among the tar exchanging drugs for guns; if this is not a form of war, I don't gets that you will have to destroy, some will be from space, know what it could be. some by air, some by sea, lIDd some by land .... Let's Numerous forms of war make their appearances even assume that all the countries, in Western Europe accept or before the new weapons are yet in operation. Obviously, decide to equip themselves with beam launchers. Each coun these new forms of war will be much more developed. try will have on its territory, on its coastline, in its mountains I can announce some good news to you which is not yet the beam launchers. Okay. Fromthe moment the decision is known to the press and which, I hope, will be by this after made to have these beamJaunr;:hers, it is quite obvious that if noon, which is that the Russian authorities have decided to an enemy target presents itself, the beam shoots out and launch an offensive against France of great vigor in a multi destroys the target. There will no longer need be a single tude of domains which are not strictly military domains, but finger. Everyone will have aU the fingers of their hands and other forms of war. This offensive is explained by the fact their feet and everything they like to shoot their own beams, that France is a bad pupil of Communist Europe, and the since the decision will have been taken one time for every French government has just opposed the double- or triple body. As a result, the European confederation, which today zero option, and this has in no way pleased the gentlemen of is impossible, becomes easy to realize. So right there is a the Kremlin; therefore they have decided to punish France in major political result of an important technological change; launching a very important offensive against it. I tell you that it is an unexpected result. this is good news because we know it, and it is better to be There is another consequence, another example. I see alerted than not. that we have here quite a few friends from the Federal Re The political consequences of the new weapons are ex public of Germany, and I will tell them this: The army of the traordinary enough, and I think that we have not insisted on Federal Republic is a very good army-I know it, and we thatsuf ficiently. . . . recently held maneuvers with it-but, because of historical We are in Europe, which is free until a new order [comes], baggage and also because of the wish of the German govern and we have defense problems which are all the more urgent, ment, it is an army not equipped with nuclear arms. Okay. In all the more grave, as we witness a movement going on in nuclear strategy, an army without nuclear arms is an army the Free World: I am not saying there is a dividing-up, but that cannot do much. On the other hand, in the strategy of the that's what it looks like, and we are not obliged to accept new weapons, which GermaJlY is nowise prohibited from everthingthat can happen to us. In reality, we only have two possessing, and to which no one is opposed, not even the solutions, we other WesternEurope ans, which means Euro German government, . . . the German army, equipped with peans at the head of the American bridge ..If the head of the these new weapons, will becOIpe an extremely powerfularmy American bridge disappears, we have two possibilities: The as it ought to, as we hope, as I hope-I, who know its firstis to capitulate-it is not I who will recommend it-and prowess but in different circumstances-and I think that the the second is to re sist. So, is this possible? Is it impossible? Federal Republic can and should again become a power of Very well, with classical weapons, I think it is nearly the first order, and that it can do it thanks to these new impossible; with the new weapons, I am certain that it is weapons. 50 International EIR October 9, 1987 as well as Commonwealth Secretary General Sir Shidrath (Sonny) Ramphal. Although there are signs that, perhaps in response to the pressure from the Crown, Colonel Rabuka Fiji coup puts crown, may be hesitating on declaring a republic, the source contin ued, "if he pushes to the bitter end, the Queen will have egg nation in crisis on her face ." If the crisis is not resolved, the Queen could face political by MaryMcCourt embarrassmentat the Commonwealth summit in October in Vancouver, Canada. If Rabuka declares a republic, Fiji will have to leave the Commonwealth, and will most likely be Lieutenant Colonel Sitiveni Rabuka created a crisis not only refused re-entry-despite the fact than a number of member in his Pacific island nation of Fiji when he staged a second nations are run by military governments. military coup there on Sept. 25-he also created the biggest The coup was staged as negotiations between Dr. Timoci crisis the Commonwealth Crown has faced in over 20 years. Bavadra, whose newly elected government wasousted in the The issue in Fiji is political domination of the ethnic Melane May coup, and Fijian eminence grise Ratu Sir Kamisese sians, now a numerical minority, of the country's parliament Mara, and Sir Penaia, agreed Sept. 23 to an interim govern and government. The issue in the Commonwealth is the au ment giving equal number of cabinet portfolios to both polit thorityof the Queen. ical parties. The interim government under Sir Penaia was Queen Elizabeth used her authority not as Queen of Brit linked to a new body to discuss constitutional change in Fiji, ain but as Queen and head of state of Fiji, to warnFi jians that which would have drawn in equal number from the rival they would be committing treason to the Crown' if they at parties and attempted to legislate relations within a multi tempted to carry through Colonel Rabuka's declaration of a racial and multi-community society. The Queen gave full republic. The potential crisis is greater than when Rhodesia approval to the interim government. Rabuka saw the govern issued its "illegal" Unilateral Declaration ofIndependencein ment as a threat to Melanesian domination of the parliament. 1965 , because the Queen's statement on Fiji, broadcast by Tensions have been escalating between the two largest the BritishBroadcasting Company Sept. 29, was, "perhaps, ethnic groups in Fiji: the Melanesians-46% of the popula the strongest politicalstatement made by the monarch as head tion; and fourth- or fifth-generation descendants of the Indi of state of a Commonwealth country, and was unprecedent ans firstbrought to Fiji by the British to cut sugar cane, now ed,"the British daily Independent wrote Sept. 30. 49% of the population, and by far the most prosperous. Vi The Queen's statement said that "For her part, Her Maj olence has broken out, especiallybecause of the very recent esty continues to regard" the Governor-General Sir Penaia growth of the Taukei "movement" -extremist Fijian nation Ganilau "as her representative and the sole legitimate source alists reinforced by thugs and unemployed youth. of executive authority" in the islands. "Anyone who seeks to Fiji could now face a bad economic crisis. Precious for remove the Governor-General from office would in effect be eign exchange has been lost in the past six months due to repudiating his allegiance and loyalty to the Queen. Her economic protests by the Indian-ethnic population, who held Majesty hopes that even now the process of restoring Fiji to back for six weeks harvesting of the sugar crops-they own constitutional normality might be resumed. Many Fijians most of the farms-which earn 60% of the island's foreign hold firmtheir allegiance to the Crown and to the Governor earnings. The greatest danger for Fiji is internal chaos. As General as the Queen's personal representative," the state the Daily Telegraph noted Sept. 29, tensions exist as much ment continued. between the affluenteastern region of Fiji and the backward The British Foreign Office made clear Sept. 29 that the western part, as between Indians and Melanesians. It was a Queen's statementwas made independentof the Britishgov foalition of poorMelanesians and Indians who voted Timoci ernment. Advisers to Foreign Minister Sir Geoffrey Howe Bavadra into powerin May. are worriedthat the situation in Suva, the Fijian capital, could In recent months, the Fijian nationalist movement Tau become irrevocableif Colonel Rabuka thinks he is boxed in. kei-which means "original home" -has been leading arson TheFi jians are known historically for being fierce fighters; and physical attacks on Indians, and reportedly is calling for Rabuka himself was awarded an Orderof the BritishEmpire the Indians to be repatriated. During talks between Bavadra for his service in Lebanon leading the Fiji InfantryRegiment and former Prime Minister Ratu Mara, Bavadra's spokesman for his "imagination and innovation while confronting and was savagely beaten by a band of Fijians in full tribal dress, restrainingthe PLO guerrillas," the Independent reported. wielding clubs, calling themselves Taukei warriors. Last According to a British source, the Queen's powerful pri month, according to the London Times. the Taukei caused vate secretary Sir William Heseltine has put together a con revulsion in Suva, the capital, when they staged an anti sortiumof advisers on the crisis, comprising representatives Indian demonstration with "unmistakable overtones of can of the governments ofBritain , Australia, and New Zealand, nibalism. " EIR October 9, 1987 International 51 Wa s Soviet Culture Fund's Ustinov complicit in Gandhi murder? by Mark Burdman Peter Ustinov, one of the original troubadours of Western leftist "folk" stars. The circuit also included the Highwaymen appeasementto the Soviet Union, has now joined forces with of "Michael Row the Boat Ashore" fame . One such High Raisa Gorbachovo's Soviet Cultural Fund, EIR has learned. waymen songster, Stephen Trott, traveled on to the role of Ustinov has rented a hotel near Interlacken, Switzerland, Associate Attorney General in the U.S. Department of Jus from Oct. 19-21 of this year for a meeting of the "Issyk Kul tice from where he led operations against presidential candi Forum," a sub-branch of Raisa Gorbachova' s Soviet Culture date Lyndon LaRouche and played a key role in the cover-up Fund. This meeting, to be fo llowed by a press conference by of diversion of funds to the Contras . Forum participants at the United Nations' Geneva headquar Ustinov, sources report, comes from the same Russian ters Oct. 22, is being labeled, "Issyk Kul II." noble family as the late Soviet Defense Minister Dimitri This information adds further proof to conjectures that Ustinov. Certainly, he has built his career on cultural opera Ustinov is a cultivated asset of the Soviet Union. This lends tions on behalf of the Greater Russian Empire . In an Asso added interest to U stinov' s presence on the scene of the Oct. ciated Press interview on Sept. 16, 1984, U stinov proclaimed 31, 1984 assassination of Indian Prime Minister Indira Gan his defense of the Soviet Union: "We're told that the Soviet dhi. On the morning on which she was murdered in her Union is an evil empire. I believe no word of it. I have no garden by two Sikh security guards, Ustinov was in a small evidence for it. I don't feel when I'm having lunch in the building in the garden awaiting an appointment. The purpose: Soviet Union I'm having lunch at the heart of an evil empire." to film an interview with Mrs. Gandhi. That appointment and In the same interview, Ustinov denounced nationalism, "a Ustinov's three days of journeying with Mrs. Gandhi that disapproval he thinks he picked up from his international week served to "pin down" Mrs. Gandhi in time and place childhood. " a crucialpoint in assassinating a major political figure. Rus In his 1983 book, My Russia" Ustinov defended the Yalta sian complicity in the Gandhi assassination, had been sig agreement which handed Eastern Europe over to the Soviet naled by a Sept. 26 article in Pravda announcing Soviet Union, stating: "Russia is, and always has been, acutely withdrawal of political supportfor the prime minister, a fact conscious of her security , and for the very best of reasons, that was elaborated in the EIR book Derivative Assassina bitter experience. She has lost far more men and material on tion . Reports circulated in the immediate aftermath of the her own soil than on anyone else's!" assassination that Ustinov's film crew, from the British And in defense of Russian� expansionism, he declares: Broadcasting Company, had filmedthe entire assassination, "An American statesman has claimed that the Soviet Union but the report was squelched and the film, if it ever existed, is the last imperialist predator, preying on smaller nations. was never made public. This is merely to say that, in some respects, the Soviet Union Ustinov's deep connections with the Russians and the is old-fashioned ....This is no place to analyze the morality British place in the same "Trust" networks that executed the of empires in general . Suffice it to say that what today is a assassination of Mrs. Gandhi, throughtheir assets within and dirty word, was, a mere half-century ago, a clarion-call of outside of India, including Anti-Defamation League net ennobling righteousness. works in Washington. Ustinov is also a close associate of "The rulers of what is glibly called the 'free world' point Count Ignatiev of the Foreign Ministry in Canada, another to the Soviet tanks in Budapest and in Prague, and the inva "Trust" figure from a Russian noble family who has played a sion of Afghanistan, to say nothing of the Cubans in Angola key back-channel role between East arid West. and the Hom of Africa and Central America, as proof of Ustinov himself has long been part of a political-cultural Russia's aggressive intention to break free of encirclement circuit of Communist Party fellow-travelers in the United and preach its own gospel in parts of the world classically States, which included his long-time friend Theodore Bikel. denied to it. Naturally the Russi�ns, stung by the holier-than Bikel's manager in the 1950s and 1960s was Harold Leven thou nature of such accusations, point back at the tragedy of thal, the manager of the Weavers, Pete Seeger, and other Vietnam and Kampuchea, at the Dominican Republic, and 52 International EIR October 9, 1987 at the United States' unswerving if avuncular devotion to the worldview. Aitmatov has spearheaded the"ecolo gical" cam cantankerous and mischievous policies of Israel. . . . It can paign in the U.S.S.R. to stop Central Asian river diversion also point at Western countries' close relations with shabby projects. dictators and corrupt governments in their hemisphere, ap He will be the featured Soviet patticipant at the mid parently as part of a grandiose doctrine formulated by Presi October 1987 meeting near Lake Interlacken. dent Monroe ....• Not surprisingly, one of the prominent figures who has "There is a salutary skepticism in the air, and it is perhaps congregated around Aitmatov has been Dr. Alexander King, just the right time to examine the history of prejudice to which co-founder of the malthusian Club of Rome. King attended a nation has been the victim from early in her history to the the October 1986 meeting, and is a featured invitee to the present day. " next Ustinov-sponsored event. Another key figure in the Issyk Kul forum process is The fellow-travelers Alvin Toffler, Future Shock author, proponent of a "post Sources in the industry in the United States now report industrial" society, and profiler, on behalf of Club of Rome that the Soviet Cultural Fund invited both Bikel and Ustinov circles, of EIR founding editor LaRouche. On the U.S. side, to sign up for the "Issyk Kul Forum," and both assented. two other prominent participants include playwright Arthur The firstIss yk Kul Forum was launched in October 1986, Miller and homosexual-existentialist author James Baldwin. almost simultaneous with the officiallaunching of the Culture According to reports received by EIR , Miller, Baldwin, and Fund. The originating meeting of the forum was held, by the Tofflerare involved in efforts to establish a "U .S. Secretari Soviet lake in Kirghizia from which the group took its name. at" of the Issyk-Kul/Aitmatov Forum. At that time, Mikhail Gorbachov himself greeted the partic ipants, expressing hope that its work would be crucial for the Mayor Zaragoza and the Venice connection "new thinking" toward the next millennium. The main organizer of the Swiss meeting, on behalf of The meeting with Gorbachov was covered in the Litera Ustinov, is Spanish microbiologist nained Federico Mayor turnaya Gazeta weekly Nov. 5, 1986, under the heading, Zaragoza, former Spanish Minister of Education and former "Our Age Demands New Thinking." One participant, Ethi deputy director of UNESCO, whose work in Spain is patron opian painter Afewerk Tekle, said discussion topics ranged ized by a number of foundations that are ultimately under the "from ecology to culture, from politics to linguis control of Spain's Duke of Alba, the forinerJesuit priest Jesus tics ....The Issyk Kul brainstorming was the beginning of Aguirre. a new movement." The busy Mayor Zaragoza has spent good portionsof the Characteristically, the firstact of the group, was to write past years frequenting scientificpla nning meetings ofUNES a letter to President Reagan, urging abandonment of the Stra CO, the World Academy of Arts and 'Sciences, the policy tegic Defense Initiative ! advisory board of Helmut Schmidt's Inter-Action Council, Such activities, indeed, reinforce the image that the Issyk and other world-federalist bodies. Characteristically, he is Kul group is just a 1980s repeat of the kind of "cultural" part of a UNESCO project based out df UNESCO's Venice fronts the Soviet intelligence services used to set up in the headquarters, to map out long-term research-strategy for 1930s, to organize western degenerates into "anti-war con governments, fulfilling thereby, he asserts, the same role gresses" under the tutelage of Maxim Gorky, Ilya Ehrenburg, today as the Temple of Apollo at Delphirused to play in former etc . That "image problem" is where Ustinov comes in. As he times. In recent weeks, Mayor Zaragozlihas , in fact, become privately avows, his intent, in arranging and patronizing the a candidate for the post of next secretary-general of UNES Switzerland get-together, is because "it is vital to have a CO. He is also a member of the Pontifical Academy of Sci meeting outside Russia," so that the group won't get a "cer ences. tain color. " In March 1987, he made a presentationbefore a group in The Issyk Kul group is also known as the Aitmatov For Spain called MET A, a self-professed "intellectual action um, after the Soviet Central Asian glasnost writer Ginghiz group," in which he reportedly praise(t Mikhail Gorbachov Aitmatov, who coordinated the October 1986 meeting. Ait as an "extravagant" personality, eager for the creation of matov is rapidly becoming a cult figure in those Western "new ideas." He referenced the Issyk Kul I meeting of West circles who are worshipping at the altar of Mother Russia. em figures with Gorbachov, at which, said Mayor Zaragoza, Aitmatov specializes in writingwhat might be called "Cosm Gorbachov proclaimed "the need for creating a new focus ic Borscht," sentimental, romantic novels extolling the nev with which to look at reality." Mayor Zaragoza also told er-changing virtues of life on the Russian steppes, and proj MET A, that he was not in agreement With those who do not ecting this never-changing reality on to efforts at space ex trustGorba chov, and declaredthe latter to be "better for the ploration and, for that matter, to the entire universe. It is a arms race than his predecessors had been." His suggestion world of pessimism and stasis, of hopelessness in the face of was that the META group, as a whole, join the Issyk Kul authority, and therefore perfect for the oligarchicalfimperial forum, as an associate entity. EIR October 9, 1987 International 53 He adds, "Pakistan's politicaland social problems dwarf those of the Philippines." Carpenter goes a step further. "The current situation in Cato Institute: how Pakistan bears an alarming re$emblance to conditions in Le banon during the early and mid- 1970s." More recently, in a to sell out Pakistan conversation, Carpenter declared that "political entities are fragile in Pakistan, with major separatist tendencies, partic by Jeny Berg ularly in border provinces. In Lebanon ... you had the Palestinian refugees and the PLO. You have a similar prob lem in Pakistan ...Afghan mujaheddin operating out of At midnight Oct. 1, U. S. aid to Pakistan was abruptly ter border sanctuaries and a very large Afghan refugee popula minated with the expiration of a special six-year waiver of tion-3 million or so-straining the social and economic the Symington nuclear non-proliferation amendment to the structure of Pakistan." Foreign Assistance Act. Authoritative sources on both sides The Cato report proposes to "offer the Soviet Union an of the Pakistan issue had insisted that the aid would never be extremely tempting package deal . . . an 'Austrian Solution' cut off, just debated. That debate on harsh new conditions for both Afghanistan and Paki$tan ....1) a complete Soviet has, with the tacit approval of the "pro-Pakistan" Reagan military withdrawal from Afgll1anistanand the formation of a administration, outlasted the aid, and opened new vistas for new governmentin Kabul, including ...the mujaheddin; 2) destabilization, all based on an overblown "Pakistani bomb" termination of the security agreement between the United scare. This hypocritical approach deliberately feeds anti States and Pakistan; 3) a commitment from both superpowers American sentiment, hastens the collapse of U.S.-Pakistan that they will provide no milit*TYassi stance to any faction in relations, and guarantees a Pakistani bomb. Afghanistan or Pakistan ..., This 'neutralization' option The U.S. government is showing this willingness to sac contains attractive features for all parties involved"-espe rifice our closest ally in South Asia to Russian imperial ap cially Moscow. petites, in the context of a new round of negotiations with the In a "worst case scenario, l' under his scheme, Carpenter Kremlin on a "regional matters" package deal tied to the acknowledges the truth: "Pakistan would be the first item on "arms control offensive." This begs the question, has the Moscow's territorial menu." This, he says, is because Paki State Department joined the kooky arch-libertarian Cato In- . stan's role as a U.S. ally "Clauses the Kremlin to pay an stitute, in seeking Pakistan's destruction? inordinate amount of attentiQll" to Pakistan and heightens Cato's Ted Galen Carpenter, in a January 1987 report Pakistan's woes. Therefore , l¢t's surrender now and get the entitled, "U.S.-Pakistan Relations: A Fortress Built on best deal. After all, Carpent�r writes, "there is nothing in Quicksand," makes a case for Pakistan becoming the next South Asia-not even the much-touted Persian Gulf oil disintegrating Beirut. Cato's alternative is to tum Pakistan routes-worthy of incurring $uch a grave risk" as "nuclear into a new Austria or Finland, at the mercy of Soviet expan conflagration," especially since we have such a "geographi sionist whims. The State Departmentagr ees. cal disadvantage" anyhow. He insists that "a stable non The Cato Institute, a nominally conservative offspring of communist barrier to Soviet e�pansion in South Asia requires the Heritage Foundation, last year had Carpenter deeply in U.S. military disengagement from the region and an end to volved in a campaign to rollback the war on drugs by propa the Pakistani connection." gandizing anew for legalization� The Cato drug stance goes The State Department and Congress are doing their best beyond that of even quack economist Milton Friedman, a to break that connection this autumn. The drumbeat for the 1978 endorser of legalized heroin. The "right-wing" group current destabilization got under way last January-around has also allied with the left-terrorist Green Party of West the time Carpenter's report was issued by the Cato Institute Germany to demand withdrawal of U.S. troops from Europe when several journalstrumpe�d an alleged interview with a and an end to the Strategic Defense Initiative. These Soviet top Pakistani nuclear researcher asserting that his nation al objectives are urged on "cost-effective, free-market" grounds. ready had the bomb. This waslfollowed by a sudden spate of Cato's prescription for Pakistan is disengagement and disin Pakistani nuclear smuggling indictments by the Justice De tegration. partment. Carpentersays Pakistan "could crurpbleat any time caus Furthering the Cato/State Department scenario, the Wall ing the collapse of Washington's entire South Asian strategy. Street Journal on Aug. 25 published a front-page item high Disengagement would then be a forced process." In other lighting anti-Americanism and domestic turmoil in Pakistan, words, if we do not abandon Pakistan now, "the chance of that included a purported quot<: from a Pakistani "man on the securing a Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan will have street" that may as well have been lifted from Carpenter's been lost." Pakistan is thus treated not as a sovereign nation, report. Things in the country were "j ust like Beirut," this but as a bargaining chip. convenient Pakistani declared. 54 International EIR October 9, 1987 ment plan into a tailspin. Of the country's 35 meteorological subdivisions, only 12 recorded normal or excess rainfall from June 1 to Aug. 19, compared to 13 in 1965. According to Minister of State for Agriculture Yogendra Makwana, 16 states and 6 Union Territories have reported scarcity condi tions, covering 254 of the total 407 districts in the country. It is impossible to predict what the extent of crop loss Drought threatens ultimately will be-one current estimate is 15 million tons for the summer crop. By itself, that magnitude of loss would Indian economic gains be tolerable. Today, 45% of lndia's rice, 75% of its wheat, 47% of its barley, 30% of its cotton, and 80% of its sugar by Susan Maitra cane is grown on irrigated land-by contrast with 1966, when all wheat and rice was dependent on the rains. But though the current rain shortfall follows two consec While the specter of famine has been virtually ruled out by utive poor monsoons, it may not be the;peak of the drought. the successes of the late- 1960s "Green Revolution," severe And if there is no rain or inadequate rain during the fall to drought conditions resulting from the failure of the monsoon ensure a successful winter crop, then Ifood shortages may are putting great pressure on the Indian economy, in a way well be added to a spiraling crisis fueled by power, drinking that reveals other critical structural weaknesses. Of immedi water, and fodder shortages. ate concernare shortages of power, drinking water, and fod The pressure on power, drinking water, and fodder sup der. As a result of the latter, the country 's dairy industry plies is the most serious aspect of the current drought. These an essential source of high-quality nutrition for the popula are essentials, which it is difficult financially, if not physi tion-is threatened with shutdown. cally, to import at the drop of a hat, for a population of 800 In his Aug. 15 Independence Day speech to the nation, million. The power shortages exacerbate an already untena Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi called for a "mass movement" ble situation, and the attempt to transfer power from industry to fight the drought, involving especially the youth, and to agriculture could paralyze the econOmy altogether. Lack pledged that the government would go all-out to meet the of drinking water and loss of milk as a result of fodder famine emergency without compromising on the nation's develop could kill millions of villagers. ment programs. Gandhi has leaned heavily on the state chief In each case, the pressure points exist in the first place ministers to monitor grain stocks and the public distribution because of persistent policy mistakes in Delhi: system, and to step up the anti-hoarding campaign. • The government's virtUally exclu�ive emphasis on large The government is fighting to meet the relief require surface-water systems instead of groundwater development ments without upsetting delicate budgetary projections or for irrigation, and the pursuit of irrigation to the exclusion of draining funds from development plan coffers, an apparent developing supplies of clean drinking water-much less an "relief' which would only create more problems in the future . overall water management program-bas clearly been a se A ballooning deficit and continuing tight foreign exchange rious vulnerability. position underscore the constraints. • The policy of basing the country�s already inadequate By late August, the central government had allocated power supplies on coal and hydroelectric-keeping nuclear about $200 million to meet the crisis, part of it intended to power marginal-is similarly incompetent. Hydroelectric financeinstallation of some 15,000 hand pumps in rural areas power is expected to account for 28% of the total power and 5,000 in urban areas . Another $10 million was subse output of India this year-yet the failure of monsoon rains quently issued to 13 states for acquiring rigs for drinking has so far reduced the water level by about 25% from a year water. ago in 45 of the major reservoirs. Within a week, another $200 million was channeled into • The "Green Revolution" worked wonders for wheat the country's anti-poverty programs, to compensate for the and rice, mainly, but no serious push has been given to loss of income among the large population of rural day extending modem production methods to many other vital laborers. More allocations will be made pending reports from crops or to the livestock sector. Failurelto effectivelyaddress survey teams dispatched to 10 affected states by the Cabinet the need for guarantee,d supplies ofhigl-quality animal feed, Committee on the Drought, headed by Gandhi. in particular, has already taken a serious toll ecologically; grazing animals are no small contributors to the deforestation The century's worst monsoon? and desertification Rrocess in the su1l>continent. Now this The current droughtis by every basic measure worse than irresponsibility could lead to destruction of the dairy industry the disastrous 1965-66 drought, which necessitated emergen and cutoff of milk supplies to a population, the majority of cy imports of foodgrains and th.rew India's overall deve10p- which hovers on the brink of malnutrition in any case. ElK October 9, 1987 International 55 u. s. Senate resolution against Panama condemned by Ibero-America by D.E. Pettingell The U.S. Senate adopted a resolution Sept. 24 calling for a The move by the Senate,i cheered by the State Depart total economic boycott against the Republic of Panama if a ment, represents only the late�t step in the campaign against "non-military transitional government" is not in place within the lbero-American armed fortes in general and Gen. Manuel 45 days. The call to overthrow the constitutional government A. Noriega, head of the Panama Defense Forces, in particu of Panama, has the potential to lead already tense U . S .llbero lar. The policy of weakenini the institution of the armed American relations into a political crisis more serious than forces throughout the continent has been voiced loud and that triggered by U.S. support for the British against Argen clear by Elliott Abrams, the uMersecretary of state for inter tina in the Malvinas War of 1982. American affairs, leaving those nations defenseless in the The Latin American Parliament led the condemnation of face of Soviet-backed narco-terrorism. this latest attack by issuing a strongly worded political state ment Sept. 30. "We reject as incompatible with non-inter Warnings from Panama vention and the self-determination of peoples the pretentions On Sept. 30, Panama's Inational legislative assembly of the U . S. governmentor of any other governmentto involve passed a resolution denouncing U. S. intervention in Pana itself in the internal political affairs of Panama and threaten ma's internal affairs . This followed by less than a week the with unilateral and unacceptable ultimatums and measures very strong denunciation issued by President Eric Delvalle with the end of dictating the conduct of the government of and his cabinet Sept. 24, in willich they said, "We believe the Panama." Similar responses where heard from other quarters time has come to warD that th¢ Panamanian government will in lbero-America. not tolerate any more actions of intervention and disrespect, The Senate resolution, adopted as an amendmant to the that it is ready to firmly maintain its national dignity at any Department of Defense authorization bill, calls for the United cost, and that it will undertake the defense of its national States to "cease all economic and military assistance . . . sovereignty as demanded by circumstances." suspend all shipments of military equipment and spare parts The Sept. 30 legislative assembly resolution said, "The ...prohibit the importation of sugars, syrups, or molasses" United States government, ignoring the most basic principles unless "( 1) the Government of Panama has demonstrated of relations among nations . . . has been harassing and threat substantial progress in the effort to assure civilian control of ening the peopleand governmentof Panama, and intervening the armed forces and that the Panama Defense Forces and its shamelessly in the internal affairs of our constitutional gov leaders have been removed from nonmilitary activities and ernmentto install a puppet governmentsubject to the dictates institutions; (2) the government of Panama has established emanating from Washington . i. . [American officialsin Pan an independent investigation into allegations of illegal ac ama] in an arrogant, haughty manner and with the greatest tions by members of the Panama Defense Forces; (3) a non petulence, follow the instructions of their government, and military transitional governmentis in power, and (4) freedom they themselves participate in marches and demonstrations of the press ...[is] restored." that have as their sole purpose the destabilization of public The resolution was sponsored by Christopher Dodd (D institutions to create conditionspropitious to implement their Conn.), chairman of the WesternHemispheric Affairs sub dark intentions. . . . The provocation and intervention of the committee, along with Alan Cranston (D-Calif.), Edward North Americans, in open violation of the Canal Treaties, Kennedy (D-Mass.), David· Durenburger (R-Minn.), AI [included] the movement of troops stationed in the Panama fonse D'Amato (R-N.Y.), and John Kerry (D-Mass.). It Canal through the City of Panama, at the same time that a gained inmediate bipartisan support, with Jesse Helms (R helicopter was violating Panama's air space. This aggression N. C.) voicing his disapointment "that the Senator from Con is the consequence of the desperation of a power which de necticut did not offer a mandatory cut-off." sires by all means to remain the fatherland beyond the year 56 International EIR October 9, 1987 1999 , and which insists that Panama be a pawn of these and money laundering, and assisting the Drug Enforcement warmongering adventurers in Central America." Administration in capturing drug traffickers, has not been found newsworthy . An honored general Noriega's contribuition to the war on drugs was even Ibero-America's armed forces are aware of the strategic acknowledged by the Department of State's Bureau of Inter implications of the attacks on Noriega for the rest of the national Narcotics Matters . In a recently released mid-year continent. On the ocassion of the I 77th anniversary celebra progress report, State praised cocaine interdiction as the "big tions of Mexican independence, Sept. 14 in Mexico City, gest in Panama's history ." General Noriega was the special honored military guest, During the Senate debate on the an�i-Panama resolution among military officers from across Ibero-America. Sept. 24, Senator Durenburger found it necessary to attempt Noriega was personally congragulated by each of his to discredit Noriega's strong role in the war on drugs, saying Ibero-American colleagues upon receiving the Order of Mil that was merely "playing a game of occasional cooperation." itary Merit, Mexico's highest military honor, from President "If this government has learned anything about dealing with de la Madrid. The medal was given in explicit recognition of change in the Third World, it should have learned that we Noriega's outstanding role in fighting for peace in Central cannot continue to support, implicitly or explicitly, brutal America. Noriega has advocated a military role in the peace and corrupt dictators who oppress their people," he said. process attempted by the Contadora Group nations (Mexico, The Panamanian daily Crith'a reported Sept. 24 that "en Colombia, Venezuela, Costa Rica, and Panama), and at emy forces"-U .S. troops-were redeployed from the Can tempted to pursuade the United States to remove the conflict al Zone to the U.S. embassy in Panama City, in violation of from the East-West framework in which the Reagan admin U.S.-Panama treaties. Panama's foreign minister, Jorge istration has attempted to place it. Abadia, protested the redeployment before the U.N. General Noriega's position on how peace and political stability Assembly the same day. The State Department acknowl are to be achieved in Central America is perhaps the main edged on Sept. 25 that there had been a movement of troops, reason that the Reagan administration wants to get rid of him. but that they were "not armed ," although they "were in uni form" for " "routine courtesycall at the embassy." Black propaganda The Reagan administration, the CIA. the U.S. Congress, and the media have thown everything at Noriega, accusing him of everything from drug-traffickingto killing opposition leaders. The latest they have cooked up are grand jury inves Derivative tigations. Assassination: The Miami Herald gave banner headlines Sept. 17 to the testimony of a Panamanian pilot who told fe deral authorities that he had personally flowncocaine shipments from Central Who Killed America to the United States under General Noriega's orders . Indira Gandhi? The paper reported that the investigation is "top secret" and that the possibility of a criminal indictment of Noriega by the by the Editors of United States looms. Federal prosecutors in Miami are aware Executive that an investigation of Noriega can be "used politically" to Intelligence depose him, the Miami daily wrote . Review In addition to this particular investigation, the Los An geles Times reported Aug. 4 that Noriega is also the subject Order from: of a grand jury probe in Tampa. The charges are drug-related Ben franklin as well. The Times. however, reports that there are "prob Booksellers. Inc. lems" with corroborating the information provided by 27 South King 5t. "sources." Although both papers talked about a "possible leesburg. VA 22075 indictment," they admit that the goal is ultimately political. ''The ultimate decision on whether to indict would be cleared $4.95 plus ship through Washington," as the Herald put it. ping ($1.50 for Such investigations of Noriega have been rumored since first book. $.50 for 1984, but not a shred of evidence against him has ever been each additional produced. Rather, the "leaks" on the investigations have been book). Bulk rates available. fueling a massive black propaganda campaign. The Panama Defense Forces' role in cracking down on drug smuggling EIR October 9, 1987 International 57 Report from Bonn by Rainer Ape! Spetsnaz problem taken seriously declared "special staff personnel serv Dealing with Soviet irregular warfare became a major problem ing with the exercise command," was in the recent NA TO maneuvers. on hand to simulate the role of Soviet spetsnaz. During the staging phase of the "BlI.e"troop deployments, mainly the American reinforcements from the U.S. Atmy III Corps, the Frenchmen deployed in small spetsnaz units with F or several months now, West Ger drawal of U.S. nuclear missiles under assignments to spy on the "Blue" troop many has been spared any large out the Geneva INF agreement, the pull movements for the "Red" side . Later, break of terrorism or other forms of out of American troops and aircraft is when "Blue" began its counterattack political extremism. Anti-terror offi on the Soviet "arms control" agenda. on "Red," the same Frenchmen served cials, however, have repeatedly One may look at the many publi to simulate live sabotage attacks on warned that new terrorism and sabo cations of the German anti-nuclear vital rear positions of the Americans. tage against the military-industrial movement, which justify violence and In one case reported, such spetsnaz infrastructure of the country is com sabotage against the "U.S. military succeededin destroying a mobile Brit- ing. presence," and draw one's own con . ish Harner jetfighter base. Ranking anti-terror officials like clusions. Such pamphlets insist that At the "Kecker Spatz" French Federal Prosecutor KurtRebmann and escalated terrorism, sabotage, and in German exercise in southern Ger BKA (anti-crime division) head Hein timidation will help to accelerate a many, taking place a week later, sim rich Boge have especially warnedthat withdrawal of the U.S. troops sta ulated spetsnaz attacks played a big, Iran may try to retaliate against the tioned in Germany. if not decisive role . When the French United States for its deployment in the This brings up the question of a rapid d�ployment force (FAR) was Gulf, directing terrorist attacks on more direct Soviet involvement. Most about to move its ground forces from American depots and bases in Ger of the terrorist attacks of past years the staging area into the battle zone of many. Therefore , all U.S. Army bas have been attributed to the "dome:;tic" the exercise in the early morning hours es have been put on special anti-terror terrorist underground in West Ger of Sept. 22, Redland forces (German alert. many, but an eventual direct deploy parachute troops) carried out a simu During September, terrorists al ment of spetsnaz, Moscow's special lated airborne attack on the rear logis most succeeded in blowing up a U.S. forces for irregular warfare and pre tical supply routes of the FAR . military train with 150 GIs on board, cision sabotage attacks, can no longer Some 250 spetsnaz sabotage spe near the city of G6ttingen. The train be ruled out. cialists (German parachutists, for ex was late, and so, missed the bomb. The military is beginning to deal ercise purposes) were landed by heli Those who tried to blow up that with this possible threat and to think copter in the region around the city of train were certainly not the ordinary in terms of countermeasures. At his Ulm, where the main supply routes for anti-American extremists. Better-in Sept. 15 press conference opening the FAR ground reinforcements were lo formed security circles know (not least "Certain Strike" NATO exercise in cated. S<:veral key bridges and roads through numerousElR exposes on the northern Germany, NATO's new su were destroyed by the spetsnaz in a problem) that the terrorist under preme commander in Europe, Gen. precision. operation. This slowed down ground as well as the "Islamic terror John R. Galvin, responded to a ques the FAR's advance considerably, and ist" networks in Germany are proxies tion on this posed by EJR with the allowed a big and unexpected thrust at the political disposal of the Soviet statement: "Indeed, we consider these westward for the "Redland" (Warsaw Union. special forces a big threat to NATO." Pact) forces. It does make a lot of sense to ex Without revealing more details, Gal Although this simulated rehearsal pect a new round of terrorismand sab vin added that NATO was taking of a spetsnaz attack meant quite a dis otage against the Americans in Ger "countermeasures. " aster for the exercise planners, it many, because it makes sense for These were no mere words, as provded a useful lesson: The West has Moscow. The Soviets want to see a could be seen from the maneuvers to step up countermeasures against total American disengagement from themselves. As EJR learned, a contin Soviet irregular warfare capabilities, Europe and Germany. After the with- gent of 200French soldiers, officially and the sooner, the better. 58 International ElR October 9, 1987 Dateline Mexico by Hector Apolinar The death of justice Villafuerte was federal judge in the The firstjud ge.in halfa centuryhas died at the hands of the drug state of Oaxaca from May 17 through mob; will the "web of complicity" be exposed? Nov. 18, 1986, at which point the Su preme Court transferred him to the state of Morelos-where he was as sassinated-because he had been threatened by the drug mafia. According to the Mexico City dai ly La lornada of Sept. 23, police sources indicated that the mafia had offered Villafuerte millions to free On Sept. 20, two mafia assassins most intense wars against the drug Dfaz Parada. When he refused the murdered a federal judge from Cuer trade that Mexico has ever launched. bribe, Dfaz Parada's escape was ar navaca, Pedro Villafuerte Gallegos. Other murders of army officers have ranged. The police sources also re The assassins riddled him with 14 bul followed. ported, according to La lornada. that lets, not counting the coup de grace . According to police sources cited shortly afterward, Villafuerte began He was the third judge to be assassi by the Mexican dailies, the assassi to receive death threats again, as did nated in Mexico in two centuries, and nation of Judge Villafuerte was or various employees of the penal court. the first in 50 years . dered by Pedro Dfaz Parada, known The state of Oaxaca itself occupies Upon denouncing the "cowardly as the "czar of marijuana," who oper an important place in the geography deed," Supreme Court President Car ated in the southeastern state of Oax of the national drug trade , given that los del Rfo declared that it would ap aca. One year earlier, Dfaz Parada was it not only shelters vast marijuana pear "these gentlemen have already arrested and condemned to 40 years in plantations, but its territory is also used declared war on us." jail by Judge Villafuerte. Buttwo days as a landing site for planes transport The assassination of Judge Villa after his jailing, Dfaz Parada escaped ing Colombian cocaine northward. fuerte could mark the beginning of a with the complicity of penal authori This has generated extensive corrup terror campaign against judges, com ties. When his guards were arrested, tion throughout the state. parable to the ongoing drug mafiaven they confessed to having received in In early 1986, the federal police detta against judicial and government structions from the highest-level gov arrested the head of the Oaxaca office officials who stand in their way. In ernmentof ficialsin the state, to allow of the National Security and Investi light of this danger, del Rfo revealed Dfaz Parada's escape. At the time, the gations Command, a subdivision of that, should it prove necessary, he matter was quickly covered up. the Interior Ministry , for his involve would ask the authorities for body On Sept. 22, magistrate del Rfo ment in a network trafficking in Co guards and other protection to guar appeared to refer to this shadowy event lombian cocaine. antee the physical safety of the na by publicly noting, "This person [Dfaz Referring to Villafuerte's assassi tion's judges. Parada] even evaded jail, and I have nation, La lornada wrote in its edito Until a short time ago, the drug learnedthat , despite an arrest warrant rial on Sept. 20, the day of the murder: traffickers operating in Mexico resort against him, he has been seen travel "If we want to stop the spiral [of ed to bribery to win protection for their ing with impunity in several cities of violence] while there is yet time, it illegal activities. They were generally the country. " will be necessary to work rapidly, loath to seek a directconfrontation with Asked if this was meant to suggest make those responsible feel the full government authorities. However, that Dfaz Parada is operating in col weight of the law, and reveal and dis during 1986 and 1987, the drug traf lusion with certain government au mantle at least a substantial part of the fickershave dared to enter into combat thorities, del Rfo declared, "Draw your web of complicity which, since the with those units of the Mexican army own conclusions. I cannot make con escape in Oaxaca, determined the fi that conduct anti-drug operations na jectures ....What I can reiterate is nal fate of Judge VillafuerteGallegos . tionally. the absolute repudiation of the judici Otherwise, skepticism and cynicism In 1986, the drug traffickers mur ary for this unprecedented act, and I will open the way to new crimes, and dered an army major in the state of can also assure you that it will not with them, do irreparable damage to Sinaloa, which precipitated one of the divert us from fulfillingour duty." the edificeof law in the Republic." EIR October 9, 1987 International 59 International Intelligence were disclosed by French President Fran to take a closer look at the experience of General blames Yugoslav �ois Mitterrand and West German Chancel their neighbors , near and far, who inhabit communists fo r crisis lor Helmut Kohl at a news conference in our comtnon earthl y home . " Manching, West Germany, after they ob served the final day of a combined military Yugoslav Major-Gen. Georgije Jovocic, in field exercise involving 75,000troo ps . This an interview to the weekly Borba. charged marked the first time in 22 years that a large that the nation's communist leadership has Friction grows between number of French troops had operated deep done nothing to solve the economic crisis inside West German territory. Tu rkey and U. S.S.R. and social upheaval that are plaguing the "We have made a declaration of intent" country . to establish the defense council , Mitterrand Construction of the new Turkish embassy "The Communist Party and its leader said. Its purpose will be "to coordinate de building 'in Moscow has become "one of the ship have, for a long time, not given us any cisions and harmonize policies" on security, first victims of Mikhail Gorbachov's 're clear answers to the problems of the peo defense , research and armaments. structuring' policy," according to a report ple," he said. "The helplessness of the Com Soviet media attacked the joint maneu filedfrom Moscow in the Turkish daily Mil' munist Party has strengthened anti-socialist ver and the defense council project, charg liyet on Sept. 5. It seems that residents of forces." He pointed to 120% inflation, on ing France with "clandestine reintegration the Vorovskova quarter in Moscow have oc going financial scandals, and the weakness into the military apparatus of NATO" and cupied the construction site and forced the of the legal and economic systems to cope West Germany with "illegal attempts to gain work to �top. with it. access to nuclear weapons, " via cooperation The embassy has not been officially in The British daily Independent reported with "nuclear-armed �ance ." formed by Soviet authorities why work has on Sept. 26 from Belgrade: "In terms of stopped,' but it did receive a letter saying influence, the military amounts to a seventh that conitruction work had halted to calm republic, and its voice has become louder as the protesters . the country sinks into a mire of scandal , Moscow: Rewrite the Perhaps there is a little more to this than unpayable foreign debt, and regional squab disgruntled babushkas testing the limits of bles," One sign of the "real public nervous U. S. Constitution! Gorbachov's "openness." ness" in the country is capital flight, with On Sept . 7, Milliyet reported that the reports of people paying a 20% premium on Soviet official Vladimir Pustogarov, fol Soviet Union "reacted strongly to remarks ' the black market, to change rapidly devalu lowing a recent visit to the United States, made by Prime Minister Turgut Ozal and ing dinars into hard currency. writes in the Moscow weekly New Times Industry ,Minister Cahit Aral, to the effect In a related development, Yugoslavia on dated Sept. 28 that the United States should that the Soviet technology used in the Sey Sept. 25 asked its Western creditors for a revise its Constitution, on the Soviet model. disehir AluminumFactory is not up-to-date . temporary freeze on repayment of its $20 A deputy director of Moscow's State and The Turkish ambassador in Moscow has been billion foreign debt. Following a meeting of Law Institute, Pustogarov is also a leading summoned and informed about the reaction the Communist Party leadership to discuss operative against Lyndon LaRouche inter the remarks have created in the Soviet the crisis, Yugoslav National Bank Gover nationally. He participated in a 1986 Mos Union." nor SlobodanStano jevic asked for the freeze, cow conference on "neo-fascism," which Soviet officials said that criticizing the until the end of negotiations with creditors, resulted in a barrage of Soviet press attacks Soviet Union in this way would conflict with which are to begin in late October. on LaRouche and associates. the two countries' "good relations." Pustogarov's latest article, titled "For Then on Sept. 22, the Soviet military Whom the Bell Tolls-No Amendment on daily Krt�snaya Zvezda published an article, France, We st Germany Peace," states: "Comparison between the "Who arid What Is Threatening Turkey," American Constitution, that self-styled pa which complains about Turkish "Atlanti set up defense council triarch, with the constitutions of other coun cism." It accuses Gen. N. Oztorun, a former tries, if only as regards the international as ground forces commander, of publicly dis France and the Federal Republic of Ger pect, gives no grounds for seeing it as an cussing 'jSoviet plans for the occupation of many on Sept. 24 announced plans to estab example worthy of emulation. Such a com Turkey," and reports that Prime Minister lish a joint defense council, to oversee a parison rather prompts one to ask whether Ozal, at :a meeting of the North Atlantic wide range of security efforts. The plans the American legislators might not do well Assembly in November 1986, talked about 60 International EIR October 9, 1987 Briefly • AMATEUR DIVERS have dis covered two caches of Russian-made TNT in the Stockholm harbor. Ac cording to press reports, divers dis covered two plastic bags containing some 9 kilograms of TNT, near the site of the large AGA natural gas stor "the threat from the North ." Such Turkish cerningthe alleged "LaRouche connection" age and distribution facility at Lidin "Atlanticists" are deliberately putting to the murder.) goe . AGA supplies gas to homes and blinders on, to the traditional Soviet policy LaRouche and the POE have appealed industry throughout Stockholm. The of peaceful coexistence with Turkey, says the French Court's ruling. Swedish press speculatesthat the TNT Krasnaya Zvezda .. was put there by Russian spetsnaz (special commandos) or terrorists. Soviet plane intrudes • PARLIAMENTARY leaders Paris courtallows into German airspace from the five Andean countries Venezuela, Colombia, Peru , Ecua Soviet libels of LaRouche A Soviet SU-24 nuclear bomber intruded dor, and Bolivia-will meet with into West German airspace on Sept. 17, Pope John Paul II on Oct. 9, to dis In a decision reversing all existing legal crossing the German-German border at a cuss the problems of the region. They precedent in France, the First Court House very low altitude (about 1,000 meters) near will reportedly emphasize the nega of the Paris Tribunal de Grande Instance the city of Braunschweig, and flying in cir tive role that debt payments are hav rejected on Sept. 30 the libel suit by Lyndon cles over the city for several minutes until ing on the growth of each country . LaRouche and his associates against the So intercepted by two British F-4s. The SU-24 viet magazine New Times . flight extended over a total distance of 100 • SOVIET RESIDENTS of the Intelligence sources believe that the kilometers within West German airspace. "City of Brezhnev" have asked for judgment is the result of heavy pressures on A NATO spokesman, quoted in the West their city's name to be changed, to France to agree to a "New Yalta" arrange German daily Bildzeitung on Sept. 24, stat remove the association with the late ment between the two superpowers , includ ed: "The flying curve of the attack aircraft Soviet leader and his "epoch of stag ing the "zero-option" arms control treaty. was rather unusual. Whether it really carried nation," reports the Soviet weekly LaRouche is seen by Moscow as a principal atomic bombs, we don't know." The inci Ogonyok. Residents wanted the city's obstacle to that agreement. dent occurredwhile the NATO Certain Strike former name, Naberezhnye Chelny, As EJR reported in our July 17 issue , and Cold Fire exercises in the same region to be restored. Earlier this year, an LaRouche and the Parti Ouvrier Europeen were moving into their finalphase . other Soviet city, Ustinov (named (POE) had sued the Soviet weekly in No There have been a record number of re after the recently deposed defense vember 1986 for publication of a five-page cent Soviet military provocations in Europe minister), had its former name, Izh attack describing them as "Nazis without against NATO allies in the month of Sep evsk, restored. swastikas." In a highly unusual develop tember, even as the U.S. State Department ment in internationallaw , high-level Soviet is proclaimingthat the imminenceof an arrns • A BANGKOK publishing house defendants responded to the French sub control agreement means that "peace in our will soon reprint Dope, Jnc ., the best poenas and appeared at the hearing on July time" is at hand: selling book by EJR's editors . The I, where argument was presented by both • A patrol of the U.S. military mission book will be distributed in Thailand, sides beforea three-judge tribunal . in East Germany was firedon by Soviet sol Malaysia, and Singapore. The Court's decision admits the Soviet diers in a non-off-limits area, and one Amer use of Western published sources as a basis ican soldier wounded. • CHINA is implementing new for the charge that LaRouche is a "Nazi" and • A Soviet long-range bomber entered anti-AIDS measures, according to the "anti-Semite," gathering misquotes and in Dutch airspace over the North Sea, and had newspaper Beijing: People infected vented "translations" to justify the accusa to be intercepted by the Netherlands Air with AIDS cannot enter the country; tions. Further,it says that it was not libelous Force. foreign students and workers have to for New Times to accuse LaRouche of being • A Norwegian Orion P-3B reconnais have an AIDS-free certificate; blood "involved" in the murder of Swedish Prime sance aircraft was winged by a Soviet fighter and used clothing cannot be import Minister Olof Palme, since suspect Victor in internationalwaters over the Barents Sea; ed; those infected and sick with AIDS Gunnarson was "linked to the Swedish POE" one engine was knocked out, and the plane must beregistered; sexual contactwith (Gunnarson had once signed a POE petition; forced to make an emergency landing. foreigners is forbidden; and the fight the investigation of him was dropped by • A Turkish fishing boat was fired on against prostitutionhas been intensi Swedish authorities, after it provided grist and sunk by a Bulgarian coastal patrol craft fied. for the international propaganda mills con- in Turkish territorial waters. EIR October 9, 1987 International 61 �TIillNational Issue of President's role comes to a head this month by Nicholas F. Benton The fundamental question of the role of the President of the national defense policy away · from the President, has natu United States, as definedby the U.S. Constitution, comes to rally targeted Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger and a head this month in a series of critical confrontations be other pro-SOl influences. But if those influences maintain tween the administration and Congress. Among the key is their hold on the President's own basic instincts, Congress sues is the President's role as Commander-in-Chief of the should find itself getting the same response that Gorbachov Armed Forces, the principal figure responsible for assuring received a year ago. the national defense that the Preamble to the Constitution The resulting stand-off would create the biggest consti stipulates as a fundamental guarantee of the federal govern tutional crisis the nation has faced since the Civil War. ment. This confrontation includes the matter of the defense The Bork fight budget-now threatened as never before by the insidious It is in anticipation of thi� constitutional crisis that both provisions of the new "automatic sequestering machanism" sides are fighting with such vdhemence over who is going to of the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings deficitreduction law-and fill the now-vacant ninth seat on the U.S. Supreme Court. also the President's right to interpret the Anti-Ballistic Mis The fight over the confirmation of Supreme Court nominee sile (ABM) Treaty and to command U. S. forces in the Persian Judge Robert Bork has relatively nothing to do with his civil Gulf. rights record, and has everything to do with how he will tilt Although President Reagan has demonstrated a fright the Supreme Court when it comes to ruling on a full-blown ening willingness to bend on some fundamental issues of constitutional challenge to the: President' s role as Command national defense-reflected in his willingness to accede to er-in-Chief of the Armed Services. the Soviets on an "agreement in principle" for a new Inter If the Senate refuses to confirm Bork , then the adminis mediate Nuclear Force (INF) missile reduction treaty that tration will be faced with the necessity of finding another would seriously compromise the defense of Western Eu nominee whom it believes will uphold the President's rightful rope-it is doubtful he will go as far as Congress intends to powers on this fundamental question. In Washington, the push him this month. rumor mills have churned out three names of possible fall Last October, it was Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachov back candidates should Bork be rejected: Sen. Orrin Hatch who tried to push Reagan over the edge at their summit in (R-Utah), Sen. Howell Heflin (D-Ala.), and White House Reykjavik, and while Reagan shocked the world by his will Chief of Staff Howard Baker. · ingness to make concessions, without consulting the Allies, Sources say the White House floated the Hatch rumor to on the INF question, he nonetheless ultimately stiffened at frighten the Senate into accepting Bork as the "lesser evil." the point that Gorbachov demanded he negotiate away the On the other hand, Heflin was called into the White House Strategic Defense Initiative (SOl). This October, Congress for a one-on-one meeting with the President Oct. I, the same will be pushing the President to go far beyond what Gorba day that a spate of southern Democrats announced for the chov sought. The Congress, in its zeal to take control of first time their intention to vote against Bork, apparently 62 National EIR October 9, 1987 dooming his prospects for confirmation. Year 1985 budget. Our FY88 defense proposal will again be As for Baker, who has also been rumored to be "unhappy" cut-perhaps by as much as $23 billion unless the President in his role as White House Chief of Staff since he assumed accepts a tax increase of $60 billion over three years, in which the job in March, and is reportedly "looking for a change," case the defense request will be slashed only $16 billion. As he could be a fatal choice for the President if, in fact, he is Secretary Weinberger has pointed out, in essence, Congress being seriously considered. Baker tipped his hand on the has said to the President, you do something unwise or we will constitutional question in a newspaper interview this sum do something dangerous. And Congress has no intention of mer, when he said he favored a "parliamentary system" over using a tax increase to fund defense ...." the present, Constitution-based system of "division of pow Taft went on: "But of greater potential damage than tax ers." A "parliamentary system" places virtually all powers of increases is the reenactment of the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings governing in the hands of the legislature, effectively elimi measure. Though deficit reduction is an unarguably good nating the independence of the Executive Branch altogether. idea, the new version of this bill will be nothing less than The outcome of the battle over the choice for the ninth catastrophic for defense. The looth Congress has devised a Supreme Court justice, be it Bork or another nominee, given byzantine scheme to protect politically popular programs and the current zeal of Congress for stripping the national de pet projects while raiding the defense budget in the name of fe nse, will have permanent consequences for the survival of deficitreduc tion. Under the new Gramm-Rudman formula, the nation. any program that Congress increased tbis year will be pro tected from cuts, while the defense budget is fair game. This The defense issue is particularly disastrous. Unless we getrelief from its pro The constitutional crisis will emerge on three fronts per visions, we are going to have to find ways to cut even more taining to the President's function as Commander-In-Chief: severely our already lean force structure." the defense budget; development of the SDI vs. attempts by The Pentagon warned last year that cuts in the defense Congress to strangle it by assuming the right to "interpret" budget like those now being threatened by congressional the ABM treaty according to a contrived, so-called "narrow" action will require massive, direct cuts in military personnel, view; and, the Persian Gulf deployment in the face of at including cuts in programs that cannot be restored overnight tempts by Congress toimpose a variant of the unconstitution in the event of a change of heart, such as in the officercorps , al War Powers Act, aimed at removing all U.S. military whose training requires years of prepar�tion. presence from that region. Deep cuts in active personnel will give Congress the Although President Reagan signed into law the new incentive it needs to follow the initiative of Sen. Sam Nunn Gramm-Rudman-Hollings "automatic sequestration mecha (D-Ga.) to vote a major U.S. troop witbdrawl from Western nism" on Sept. 26, he made it clear he was doing so under Europe. This, coupled with the removal of all medium-range protest, fully aware that over the next six weeks, before the missiles from Europe under a new U.S.-Soviet INF treaty, automatic trigger is pulled, Congress will do all in its power will seriously destabilize the region pQlitically, and Soviet to make sure the defense budget takes the maximum in cuts. assets planted throughout Western Europe will help tilt its Two provisions in the law prejudice budget-cutting against survival impulse toward an independent. accommodation with the defense budget in a specific way. The first protects all the East and de facto abandonment of the NATO alliance. programs for the coming fiscal year for which the Congress Losing WesternEurope 's 374 million skilled people and $3.5 voted an increase in funding. Simply put, all the Congress's trillion economy to the Soviet sphere ofinfluence will tip the favorite spending programs are insulated, completely, from global stategic balance more dramatically and permanently the "automatic sequester." Needless to say, Congress has than any other conceivable strategic development. already voted major cuts in the defense budget, meaning that Taft warned in his speech of such consequences "unless it will not be among the privileged protected programs. The we get relief from its [the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings law] second provision provides that 50% of the entire amount that provisions." As Taftnot ed, acquiescencein the tax increase is to be cut from the budget by the "automatic sequestration demanded by Congress will not achieve this. The only way mechanism" will come from the defense budget, even though it can occur is if President Reagan, as Commander-in-Chief, defense accounts for only 27% of the total national budget. steps in with a decisive action, taken out of a considered Therefore , the consequences of the looming budget battle regardfor imminent danger to the national security, to restore could be of unprecedented importance for the national de the defense budget to necessary levels through excecutive fense. Deputy Secretary of Defense William H. Taft IV ex order. Reality dictates that the President has no other choice pressed this in an address to the Michigan Economics Club if he is going to carry out his role in accordance with the in Marquette Oct. 1. He said, "The most damaging result of Constitution. congressional machinations with the budget is felt in national So the Supreme Court will have to decide, when that defense. Since 1982, Congress has cut $125 billion from the move, as well as the continued push on SDI development and President's defense request and the Fiscal Year 1987 defense the Gulf policy, precipitate the nation'S most profound con budget was seven percent, in real terms, below the Fiscal stitutional crisis. EIR October 9, 1987 National 63 free Enterprise ---- OR ------The American System of E.c.onomlcs? SPECIAL SAVINGS ON QUALITY, HARDBOUND REPRINT EDITIONS FROM THE LEADING REPRINT PUBLISHER OF ECONOMICS The work of Henry Carey (1793-1 879), whose ideas are marked by nation alism, optimism and belief in the underlying harmony of economic interests, formed the capstone of the early tradition American economic thought which was grounded in the state papers of Alexander Hamilton. principal works were translated into nine languages. AMERICAN SYSTEM CLASSICS ...... , ....' .. ON GENERAL POLITICS, COMMERCE AND POLITICAL ECONOMY. Vol. II, II of The Works of Benjamin Franklin, edited by Jared Sparks. Reprint of 1836 ed. k convenient collection of essays, rich in economic material of considerable originality. List $35.00 Special $27.50 ECONOMY. 3 volumes. Reprint ALEXANDER HAMILTON of 1837 ed. INDUSTRIAL COMMERCIAL OF (List $87.50) Special $57.50 AND CORRESPONDENCE ALEXANDER HAMILTON ANTICIPATING HIS REPORT ON MANUFACTURERS. Edited by Arthur H. Cole. Reprint THE SLAVE TRADE DOMES· of 1928 ed. Collection of Hamilton's correspondence with leading manufacturers, merchants, nc AND FOREIGN. Why it ex governmentoffi cialsand others, in pursuit of information that wouldfo rm the basis ofhis epochal ists and how it may be Report of Manufacturers. List $35.00 Special $27.50 extinguished. Reprint of 1853 ed. E. PESHINE SMITH (List $37.50) Special $27.50 A MANUAL OF POLITICALECONOMY. Reprint of 1853 ed. (from printing of 1877) A disciple ofCarey, Smith produced this textbook to present MThe American System of Political Economy". List $27.50 ' Special $20.00 Order From: Augustus M. Kelley, Publishers 1140 Broadway, Room 901, New York, NY 10001 SPECIAL PRICE OFFER EXPIRES OCTOBER 31, 1987. All sales final; no returns except for shipment damage or error. Add $1 for postage per book. (Payment by check or money order in U.S. dollars) LAROUCHE Treason In America from Aaron BliT The Power of to Averell Harriman Reason: 1988 610 pages; published by New Benjamin Franklin House, New York. Order from: Ben Franklin Booksellers, Inc. , An Autobiography by Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. 27 South King St. , Leesburg, V A 22075. $11. 95 plus shipping ($1.50 for first book, .50 for each additional Published by Executive Intelligence Review book). Bulk rates available. Orderfrom Ben Franklin Booksellers, 27 South King St., Leesburg, VA 22075. $10 plus shipping($1.50 lor lirsl copy, .50lor each addttional). Bulk rates available. Eye on Washington by Nicholas F. Benton Churches, are actively engaged in enced that debate. convincing Congress to tie the admin Bailey's assertion of the lack of istration's hands on defense matters, connection between Soviet dirtytricks bearing directly on arms control ne and arms control negotiations was not gotiations. "By your own admission, only artificial, but deadly. State Dept. peddles these are efforts to accomplish Soviet It is clear that all Soviet disinfor objectives in arms control by means mation campaigns should be under Soviet disinformation other than direct negotiations." So how stood as "irregular warfare" opera The State Department released a de can you say there is no connection?" tions, the same as terrorism, drug traf classified, 89-page report on Soviet Dr. Bailey only conceded that, yes, ficking, and other means of influenc disinformation Sept. 29, entitled, these "front groups" were indeed ac ing events on behalf of Soviet inter "Soviet InfluenceActivitie s: A Report tive in lobbying Congress. ests. To say that these operations are on Active Measures and Propaganda, I asked why there was no mention unrelated to larger Soviet objectives 1 986-87. " in the reportof the single most impor contained in, for example, arms con The report is designed to provide tant example of Soviet disinforma trol negotiations is, frankly, unbeliev a sampling of the array and nature of tion-their lying about the Strategic able. Soviet methods to influence public Defense Initiative (SOl), that the U.S. Bailey was gUilty of one more bit opinion outside the East bloc through system is "offensive," and that they of disinformation during her press use of devious and/or lying methods. don't have a comparable program of conference. She was asked by this re- . The samples include the campaign to their own, whereas in fact they are porter to comment on the case of the accuse the U. S. defense establishment spending 15 times more than the Soviet attempt to pin the blame for the of concocting the AIDS virus as a bio United States, including over $1 bil assassination of OlofPalme on figures warfare weapon. This report also in lion annually on laser research alone. in the United States. She answeredthat cludes samples of Soviet forgeries of While Bailey dismissed the ques a protest was made by the United States letters from U.S. officials and of So tion during the public portion of the to the Soviets for the airingof a Soviet viet "front groups" in the United States press conference by saying the report TV "doeu-drama" earlierth is yearthat and abroad. contained only a few samples, and "its pinned the blame for the Palme assas However, while the report con purpose is not to be comprehensive," sination on the CIA. The Soviet tele tains some useful examples of Soviet she tipped me off to the truth during a cast was aired in both the Soviet Union dirty tricks, it turns out to be, in fact, one-on-one exchange after the close and Sweden. more of a cover-up than a disclosure . of the press conference. i asked her if the broadcast men This became clear during a press She admitted that, in fact, the tioned U . S . presidential candidate conference held at the State Depart original intent was to include an entire Lyndon LaRouche. She lied, claiming ment to announce the release of the chapter in the report on Soviet lying that it did not. In fact, the Soviet report. Assistant Secretary Dr. Kath about theSO l-but that the people in broadcast identified LaRouche by leen Bailey, head of the department's the inter-agency group responsible for name, implying, in fact, that he was Intelligence and Research Section, re the report who were to write that chap the mastermind of the assassination plied to a question by a reporter who ter didn't manage to finish by the . plot. However, for Bailey to admitthis wanted to know why the United States deadline. would mean conceding that the Sovi was willing to negotiate an arms con "Therefore," she said, "I had to ets consider LaRouche an important trol treaty with the Soviets if they were make the decision to get the report out, target of their disinformation efforts. continuing to engage in such egre so I went ahead with it without that This, apparently, she did not want to gious, ongoing dirty tricks. chapter. " do, even at the expense of the truth. "There is no relation between arms Needless to say, there had to be Afterward she told me she'd seen control and these matters ," she said. more to it than that, given the critical the Soviet TV show, and had it trans I interjected. "What do you mean?" nature of the debate over the SDI both lated for her, and that she never heard pointing out that all the "front groups" in Congress and in arms control ne LaRouche's name mentioned. So, who named in the report, such as the World gotiations with the Soviets right now. knows? Maybe the blame really be Peace Council, the Christian Peace Someone decided to kill the chapter longs to the person who did the trans Council, and the World Council of because of how it would have influ- lation. EIR October 9, 1987 National 65 Like 'Communists and iFascists' The Bason ruling is just the latest in a string of public attacks against the Justice Department. In the wake of Ab DoJ ruled guilty of scam, the General Dynamics/James Beggs case, the prose cutorial vendettas against prominent political figures, such 'trickery, fraud' as Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. and former Congressman George Hansen, there is a growing perception throughout the country by Kathleen Klenetsky that the Justice Department has run completly amok, and now serves principally as a political hit squad for various corrupt political interests. In a potentially important setback to the U.S. Justice Depart Public outrage at the Justice Department's flagrant dis ment's consistent propensity for disregarding the Constitu regard for the Constitution is also evident in a recent series tion and carryingout politically motivated vendettas, a fed of attacks on its planned takeover ofthe Teamsters union. On eral bankruptcy judge ruled Sept. 29 that the Department had Sept. 6, the union ran a full-page ad in the Washington Post, employed "trickery, fraud, and deceit" to steal a computer denouncing the DoJ's plan. "Takeovers of unions are nothing program developed by a Washington company and then at new," read the ad. "Commlilnists and Fascists have been tempted to drive the company out of business. Judge George doing so for decades. It's a sad day in the history of the Bason ordered the government to pay stiff penalties to the United States and the American labor movement when such company, which could amount to nearly $6 million. tactics are even considered. AMERICA ...it can't happen The case involved Inslaw, Inc., a computer software here. Or can it?" company, which had contracted with the Justice Department The Teamsters followed that up with a rally in Cincinnati, to develop a software program, called Promis, that was used Ohio, Sept. IS, where 3,000 members protested against the by U.S. attorneys' offices to track legal cases. Contending plan to put the union in receivership. Justice has already taken that Inslaw had not lived up to the contract, Justice stopped over one New Jersey local, but is reliably rumored to be payments to the company; as a result, Inslaw was forced to planning action against the entire national organization be file for bankruptcy in February 1985. cause of alleged organized-crime connections. The effort is Inslaw then sued the DoJ , claiming that the department expected to be sped up, now that U.S. Attorney Rudolph had illegally appropriated the software, and had then delib Giuliani has been put in charge of the case. erately driven the company into bankruptcy. Inslaw further Teamster President Jackie Presser addressed the Cincin charged in its suit that Justice Department officialshad been nati rally, arguing that the government takeover is totally biased against the company. The company singled out C. unjustified, and would put the government in charge of ap Madison Brewer III, who had been fired from his job as pointing local officials, carrying out local negotiations, and Inslaw's general counsel, and subsequently joined the Justice controlling funds. Department, where he eventually became the department's Three presidential candidktes also showed up to express pointman for the Inslaw contract. opposition to the Department's takeover. It was no surprise Bason ruled that Brewer was indeed biased against In that Democrat Jesse Jackson should be one of them, but that slaw; had made several attempts to break the contract be Republicans Jack Kemp and Alexander Haig should defend tween Inslaw and the DoJ; and had stolen enhanced versions the rights of labor-combined with the fact that the conser of Promis for use by Justice. vative Manchester (New Hampshire) Union-Leader should Bason's decision was extremely critical of the Dol's ac have run an editorial assailing Justice on the Teamsters tions in the case. Comparing it to a car thief, the judge ruled suggests that it has now become politically de rigeur to attack that Justice "stole Inslaw's enhanced Promis by trickery, the DoJ . fraud, and deceit," and noted that, "It would have amounted Justice has also drawn fire for its prosecution of New to corporate suicide for Inslaw to have allowed the Depart York Congressman Mario Biaggi and longtime Brooklyn ment of Justice to have unlimited rights to those enhance Democratic leader Meade Esposito. The two were acquitted ments." last month on the government's major charges, although they Bason also assailed Justice for ignoring Inslaw's allega were convicted of lesser counts. In a lead editorial Sept. 24, tions that Brewer and several other Justice Department offi the New York Post-a strong supporter of the Reagan admin cials had been fired by the company: "The failure even to istration-castigated the governmentwith pursuing a "weak begin to investigate is outrageous and indefensible and con case" against the two men, while ignoring the "genuine and stitutes an institutional decision by the Department of Justice far-reaching scandal ...gripping the political life" of New at the highest level simply to ignore chargesof impropriety," York City. The jury'sverdict proved that the government he said. "It was obvious to me ...that the entire Department "didn't have a strong case," argued the Post. "[S]haky cases of Justice was in a circle-the-wagons defensive attitude." can shake popular confidencein the criminal justice system. " 66 National EIR October 9, 1987 Elephants & Donkeys by Kathleen Klenetsky Gore pro-defense? vive politically. But Gore is going to have an even Tell Gorbachov! harder time presenting himself as a The 1988 presidential elections has defender of U.S. national security than produced an endless stream of ironies, would Nunn have, had he stayed in Biden fa ll-out idiocies, and (often unintentional) the race. comic relief-the most recent and best As EIR readers know, Gore has amicts Dukakis example of which must be Sen. Al already been publicly endorsed by So The last week in September was sup Gore's attempt to portray himself as a viet agent Armand Hammer, and his posed to be an "upper" for presidential defense hawk. actual strategic policy outlook is en hopeful Mike Dukakis. The Massa The Tennessee Democrat tried this tirely consistent with. the objective of chusetts governor's campaign was to sleight-of-hand at a Democratic can Hammer et al.-to strike a sell-out announce that it had raised over $8 didates' foreign policy debate in Des deal with Moscow. million in contributions-far more Moines Sept. 27, sponsored by the The most obvious ,indication of this than any other Democratic candi peacenik STARPAC (Stop the Arms is Gore's opposition to the Strategic date-and that his standing in the polls Race Now Political Action Commit Defense Initiative. Gore has taken had significantly risen. tee). great pains to assure the Soviets that But the euphoria among the Du Whereas the other five dwarfs he will terminate the SDI if elected. kakis forces abruptly evaporated Sept. Jackson, Gephardt, Simon, Babbitt, During a visit to Moscow last May, 30, when the governor was forced to and Dukakis-vied with each other where he met with Central Committee call a press conference to admit that for the Neville Chamberlain award, Secretary Anatoly DQbrynin and other his campaign was the source of the Gore attempted to distinguish himself top leaders, Gore gllve a speech in dirty trick which did in Joe Biden's from his rivals by emphasizing his past which he assailed the SDI as a "dan campaign. support for the Contras and for the MX gerous chimera." A somber and embarrassed Du missile, and insisting that the Demo kakis told reporters that his national crats must shed their anti-defense im campaign director and longtime asso age to have a stab at the White House. ciate John Sasso, had given the media "The world is complicated and Bush tours Poland, the notorious videotape which showed foreign policy is far more complex than to get ethnic vote Biden cribbing from British Labor litmus tests," said Gore, attacking the Party leader Neil Kinnock. Earlier in ST ARPAC position that all Demo Faced with a keen lack of enthusiasm the week, Dukakis had vehemently cratic candidates must endorse a ban among conservative Republicans, denied a report in Time magazine , on flight testing of nuclear missiles. Vice-President Bush and his advisers which said the tape originated with his "We need a President with foreign have been casting about for ways to campaign. policyexperience who understands we erase his image as an Eastern Estab Calling the incident a "very, very must deal from a position of strength." lishment wimp. serious mistake," Dukakis announced Gore assailed his rivals for being That was one of the major reasons he had accepted the resignations of too softon defense, and criticized Du Bush, on his visit to Poland, held a Sasso (who managed Geraldine Fer kakis in particular for urging that the highly visible meeting with Solidarity raro's scandal-ridden 1984 vice pres United States pull its troops out of leader Lech Walesa Sept. 29, and also idential bid), and national issues di South Korea. used a live speech on Polish television rector Paul Tully, a former top Ken Sources close to Gore openly ad to state his support for the outlawed nedy operative. mitted that he is tryingto fill the alleg trade union.· Tully's involvement in the inci edly pro-defense shoes of Sen. Sam Eastern European ethnics have dent has caused some insiders to won Nunn (D-Ga.), who took himself out been deserting the Republican Party der whether he might not be an agent of the race last month. One aide told in droves, because, of the Reagan provocateur, working for some Dem the New York Times that a key factor administration's collaboration with ocratic candidate not yet in the race , in Gore's tactical shift was his con Moscow in persecuting alleged "old or even for the Republicans. After all, sistently low standing in the polls, and Nazis" living in the United States. they point out, he worked for Gary the recognition that he had to differ Bush's antics in Poland are clearly a Hart's ill-fated campaign before mov entiate himself from the rest of the pragmatic effort to win some of these ing on to Dukakis's. dwarfs as swiftly as possible, to sur- voters back. EIR October 9, 1987 National 67 Congressional Closeup by Ronald Kokinda of an interpretation of a treaty." Not SOl supporters successfully ar Senate adopts restricted only a simple majority in the Senate, gued that Johnston's approach was a version of ABM Treaty but a majority in the House, which has "research forever" attitude, which The Senate has been considering the no constitutional responsibility for ad would ensure that no system was ever Defense Authorization Bill during the vice and consent on treaties, could veto developed and tested. "Even a limited month of September, and has adopted future SOl development. system would serve to significantly re a version which is guaranteed to be duce the risk that the Soviets might vetoed by the White House. launch a nuclear war," Sen. Richard The Levin-Nunn provision of the Shelby (D-Ala.) said. Sen. Pete Wil bill sponsored by Sens. Carl Levin (0- son (R-Calif.) outlined that we "need Mich.) and Sam Nunn (D-Ga.), which Senate retains higher both the kinetic and the directed en would prohibit all tests of the Strategic SDI funding level ergy system, and they will come in a Defense Initiative that fall outside a Vice PresidentGeorge Bush was called logical sequence." very restricted interpretation of the upon to break a 50-50 vote in the Sen Sen. Malcolm Wallop (R-Wyo.) Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty, ate on Sept. 22, defeating an amend argued that "hedges against Soviet and which was the target of a months ment sponsored by Sen. Bennett John break-out can only be maintained by long Republican filibuster, was re ston (D-La.) to cut SOl fundingto $3.7 having deployable or near deployable tained in the bill. An effort by Sen. billion from a level of $4.5 billion rec systems." "If you want to restore the John Warner (R-Va.) to delete the ommended by the Senate Armed Ser element of deterrence, you must re limitation on SOl testing and devel vices Committee. The Reagan admin store the element of doubt to the So opment was defeated by a vote of 58- istration had requested $5.7 billion in viet planner's mathematical conclu 38 on Sept. 17, clearly indicating that SOl funding. sions that he can succeed in the first a presidential veto could be sustained .. Johnston argued that adding $1 strike. Absent that, you have simply Sen. Ernest Hollings (D-S.C.) at billion to the FY87 level of SOl fund given him the opportunity to take at tacked Nunn in a Washington Post ing of$3.5 billion would mean savage will what he wishes ..." commentary on Sept. 29 for ignoring cuts in defense procurement, opera Sen. Howell Heflin (D-Ala.) and the "crystal clear text of the treaty and tions and maintenance, or personnel others noted that even with the $4.5 the equally unambiguous testimony of under the budget agreement which the billion level SOl "will experience at the treaty's drafters"in giving both the Congress has passed. least a one year program delay." He United States and U.S.S.R. the "right His main argument however, is flin and Shelby both said they pre to test and develop future systems." that current SOl plans like the Bambi ferreld a higher funding figure. "Sen. Nunn would unilaterally bind or High Fn)Otiersyst ems, projected to Since the House has passed a the United States to an interpretation. have roughly 20% effectiveness at funding level of $3.1 billion, the final that the Soviets' own aggressive SOl best, can be countered more cheaply figure will probably be less that $4 program left in the dust long ago," by the Soviets developing fast-bum billion, causing up to a two-year de Hollings said. Hollings termed it boosters, an assertion challenged by lay. shameful that N unn threatened to gut Wilson. Johnston urged that SOl de future SOl programs unless thischange velopments rely more on new tech in the treaty was accomplished by a nologies such as the excimer, free majority instead of a constitutionally electron, and other lasers and ad Rangel rejects new mandated two-thirds Senate vote. vanced technology systems which will push for heroin use Sen. Pete Wilson (R-Calif.) re take longer to develop. "It is extreme Rep. Charles Rangel (D-N. Y.), chair jected Nunn's claim that his amend ly importantto recognizethat you can man of the House Select Committee ment was merely to condition future . not obtain a reliable comprehensive on Narcotics, attacked H.R. 1470 and funding for the SOl, a purse string ABM defense of this country, one that S. 143 sponsored by Rep. Henry issue. "What this amendment does," provides enduring protection, unless Waxman (D-Cal. ) and Sen. Daniel In Wilson said, "quite clearly, quite ex we have the beam weapons that can ouye (D-Ha.), respectively, in the pressly, conditions further funding of attack at the speed of light. SOl con Congressional Record on Sept. 15 and a particular system upon acceptance cedes that," Johnston said. 17, for attempting to legalize the use 68 National EIR October 9, 1987 of heroin for terminally ill cancer pa to repeal Sections 20 and 32 of the ers bear theseburde�s ." tients. Glass-Steagall act which outlaw the S. 455 will restore income aver The use of heroin for the terminal integration of banking and securities aging, the investmeint tax credit, the ly ill has been part of the "death with firms. accelerated cost recovery system, and dignity" movement in the United Banking deregulation had been capital gains for farmers. States, which has attempted to under slowed by the resistance of former Fed Heflin noted that the volatility in mine a fightfor life. chairman Paul Volcker, Proxmire, farm income due to weather, pests, Rangel noted that the House House Banking Committee chairman disease, etc., would result in a farm "firmly rejected" a similar bill by a Rep. Femand St Germain (D-R.I.), family of five paying two-and-a-half vote of 355-55 in 1984, but recent and others in the Congress. However, times the tax on $40,000in income in newspaper editorials and articles are within days of Alan Greenspan replac one yearand zero the next, as opposed again trying to revive the legislation. ing Volcker at the Fed, Proxmire an to two years of $20,000 income. A column by William F. Buckley, Jr. , nounced his retirement from the Sen By repealing the investment tax famous for admitting he smoked pot ate at the end of this Congress, and St credit in the 1986 bill, the cost of a 12 miles offshore , on Sept. 28 at Germain, who was cleared by the $40,000 tractor increased by $4,000. tacked Rangel for being a "fundamen House Ethics Committee of improp "With the stroke of a pen, Congress talist" on drugs and for leaving people erly benefiting from certain savings raised the price of fann machinery by to die in pain. and loan transactions, became the tar 10%," Heflin noted. "Economic "There is simply no scientificevi get of a renewed investigation. growth in the farm belt is dependent dence that heroin offers any advan Proxmire began writing a partial upon the purchases made by farmers. tages over currently approved medi repeal of Glass-Steagall shortly after Without the added incentive of the in cations in relieving cancer pain," Ran his retirement announcement be vestment tax credit, the rural economy gel said. "In addition, the overwhelm cause, as a banking staffer explained, cannot recover. " ing majority of health and medical "All the lobbyists are clamoring for Heflin said that i "the depreciation professionals oppose the therapeutic action." Proxmire expects to pass the schedules which farmers must now use use of heroin. They understand that bill throughthe Senate this year. are only hindering the recoveryin the the real problem is not the lack of her farm economy," and proposed restor oin but the need for more training and ing the accelerated c:ost recovery sys education of health care professionals tem. in the proper use of existing pain re Heflin attempts to The bill also proposesa maximum lievers and new techniques for man correct flatearth tax tax rate on capital gains for farmers of aging pain." Sen. Howell Heflin(D-Ala .) outlined 20%. "Capital gailils deductions are Rangel included a letter from the the importance of S. 455, the "Farm certainly needed in tpe risky industries American Society of Hospital Phar Recovery Tax Act," in overcomingthe and businesses whi<;hinvolve the nat macists which noted that not only is disastrous impact of the 1986 tax re ural biological cycles and reproduc the use of heroin decreasing in Britain, form, on the floor of the Senate on tive processes," Heflinsaid . "Farmers but most patients refused to partici Sept. 9. that raise cattle, for instance, cannot pate in a federally sponsored study at "By the way Congress dropped expect immediate :income from the Sloan-Kettering Hospital, "indicating provisions of the Tax Code which purchase of brood Cows. Income that the unlikely acceptance of the drug benefited farmers" in the 1986 bill, results from the sale of such livestock even if approved for use. " Heflinsaid , "it seemed as if everyone is the product of several yearsof hard thought Mother Nature had signed a work." pact in which she guaranteed perfect "I urge my colleagues to consider cooperation." But "the same reasons the natural hardships which farmers Banking dereg Congress originally gave special treat face in trying to feed America and most gets new push ment to farmers still exist today," He of the world three , times a day, and Sen. William Proxmire (D-Wis.), flin said. "The only thing which has then consider the inequity and injury chairmanof the Senate Banking Com changed is that Congress has removed which the Tax Reform Act of 1986 mittee, has begun drafting legislation the taxprov isions which helped farm- inflicted upon them," Heflinsaid . EIR October 9, 1987 National 69 National News of Deukmejian's AIDS task force-and his year." allies in "homosexual clubs" have been He argued that the Dem candidates are "controlling the debate" around the state 's far to the left of the electorate, and that's California GOP passes AIDS policies. "They do not have the right why they stand so low in the polls. In his to promote their agenda at the expense of view, the national Democratic leaders are anti-AIDS resolution our children," the spokesman said. irresponsible ideologues: Ted Kennedy and The California state Republican Party , at its Howard Metzenbaum could have taught Jo convention at the end of September, passed seph Goebbels and Joseph McCarthy some a resolution on AIDS calling for a classic, thing about demagogy. public health approach to the disease. The resolution, submitted by Rep. William Dan nemeyer, calls for the enactment of state New Hampshire bill public health policies and/or state party pol to require AIDS tests icies which require the reporting of antibody Nitze calls positive or HIV -positive carriersof the virus A bill to requiremandatory AIDS testing for for talks for AIDS . New Hampshire adults has been submitted with Moscow on SOl Congressman Dannemeyer drew ap by State Rep. Ednapearl Parr (R). The pro Paul Nitze , President Reagan's arms control plause when he asserted that California is posal would require all state residents be adviser, said Sept . 28 that negotiating with "the laughing stock of public health in tween ages 14 and 75 to be tested for the the Russians on a list of devices that would America" for its policy on reporting AIDS AIDS virus every one or two years . be banned from space would not necessarily cases. "We should say we are going to treat Parr said her proposal is the only way to limit research on the Strategic Defense Ini it as a public health issue . . . not a civil stop the spread of AIDS. "There are 3 ,000 tiative (SOl), according to a report in the rights issue." people in New Hampshire who carry AIDS Washington Times Sept. 29. The resolution also supports the repeal without realizing it," she said. "Three thou Nitze told an arms control colloquium of Assembly Bill 403, designed to inhibit sand people out of I million is a high per of the American Association for the Ad accountability of carriers of the virus, as an centage. I don't want to discriminate against vancement of Science, "The problem is not impediment to reasoned public health mea anybody, but I do feel innocentpeople should the narrow vs. the broad interpretation. The sures. "And be it further resolved," con be protected ." Parr said she was proposing problem' is, there's a great deal of uncovered cludes the resolution, "that the California mandatory testing of all adults because, "It's ground in the treaty ." He said that last month Republican Party supports promoting all the only way I feel we can get around dis the Soviets did "come in with a more precise other public health control measures which crimination laws. If we have it mandatory statement of their position than they ever are consistent with California's traditional , for everyone, it will not be discrimination ." had before ," when they proposed a lO-year routine responses to other communicable Claire Ebel ofthe state's American Civii non-witl).drawal proviso to the ABM Treaty diseases." The resolution includes an ex Liberties Union immediately charged that or, as an alternative, a list of items to be panded definitionof AIDS, for the purposes the bill "is clearly unconstitutional ." banned from space . of reportability, to include asymptomatic HIV -positive carriers and patients with clin ically defined AIDS-related Complex (ARC). The resolution bears striking similarity Weinberger rejects to a new AIDS ballot initiative (modeled on Will LaRouche be Proposition64, which was defeated last year) deal on the SOl which is expectedto be put before California the only Oem left? Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger em voters in 1988. William Murchison, editorial columnist for phatically rejected the latest Soviet offers to To the further chagrin of the state GOP's the Dallas MorningNews and a well-known negotiate on the Strategic Defense Initiative "gay lobby," a measure was also passed urg conservative, had this to say in his Sept. 26 (SOl), in an interview on NBC-TV's "This ing Gov. George Deukmejian (R) and the column, titled "The Trouble With the Dem Week With David Brinkley" on Sept. 27. state attorney general to prosecute the San ocrats": Weinberger was asked about the internal Francisco AIDS Foundation for distributing "What's wrong with the Democrats? debate within the Reagan administration over "obscene and pornographicAIDS education They'retoppling like nine-pins. whether President Reagan should negotiate materials." "The way things are going, Lyndon with Moscow on this. "No," he said. "We During the convention, the head of a LaRouche may give the Republican ticket shouldn't do anything to block the earliest group called Black Americans for Family morecompetition than Paul Simon, or Bruce possible,deployment of the SOl. All the So Values charged thatBruce Decker-the head Babbitt, or whoever is left standing by next viet proposals are aimed at blocking the 70 National EIR October 9, 1987 Briefly • CASPAR WEINBERGER has invited his Soviet counterpart, De fense Minister Dmitri Y azov, to come to Washington early in October, ac things that are necessary for us to do to de American flags on Kuwaiti vessels, but be cording to Pentagon officials. The in ploy SDI." cause we put Kuwaiti, and more importantly vitation was presented in a letter on If the United States went along with the Iraqi flags, on American foreign policy. And Sept. 22, and the idea was discussed Soviet proposals, he said, "All we would be that 's the dilemma we are in now . We are during Soviet Foreign Minister Ed doing would be fo llowing the Soviet agen being victimized by whatever the Iraqi gov uard Shevardnadze's visit to Wash da, and letting the Soviets get a strategic ernment cares or doesn't care to do in step ington. defense before we do-which would make ping up the violence." the world far more dangerous." Asked who started the war, Haig re • THE INTERNATIONAL Ba plied, "Iraq, of course. " nana Association hasprotested to the Asked whether U.S. policy was being Public Broadcasting Service about the run by Secretary of State George Shultz, use of a banana in a demonstration of Haig answered, "I can't say that. I think the the use of a condom, during an up u.s. may withdraw Pentagon pushed this one very actively ." coming special called "AIDS: When pressed by interviewer John Mc Changing the Rules." The program from ABM Treaty Laughlin, he replied that Weinberger was will be aired on Nov . 6, hosted by The United States will be forced to consider responsible for the naval deployment. PresidentReagan 's son Ron, salsa star withdrawing from thc 1972 ABM Treaty Ruben Blades, and Beverly Johnson. before beginning full-scale development of the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) if sad • THE U.S. has assured West Ger dled by Congress with the "narrow" inter many of its supportfor West German pretation of that pact, said the Defense De Moscow: Mrs. Reagan Defense Minister Manfred Womer, partment, in a report issued Sept. 30. in his bid for the job of NATO sec The Senate voted recently to force the boosts arms control retary-general, when Britain's Lord administration to adhere to the narrowinter The Soviet weekly Literaturnaya Gazeta on Carrington retires llext year, the Bal pretation of the treaty, or face cuts in funds Sept. 23 hailed the "semi-official role" that timore Sun reports , citing German and for SDI tests. the American First Lady has assumed, in Norwegian sources. The U.S. back Under the "narrow" interpretation, re pushing for disarmament agreements with ing is expected to create a decisive search on SDI would reach a dead end in the Moscow. " 'The progress now achieved in maj ority for his candidacy among the early 1990s, the report states. "If the pro our relations with Moscow look very en 16 NATO states. gram were to continue beyond this point, a couraging, and that's why I feel so happy decision would have to be made to alter fun today ,' declared the wife of the U.S. Presi • THE BUREAU of Reclamation damentally the ABM Treaty regime," the dent, Nancy Reagan last Friday ," the article of the Interior Department has an report adds . Sen. Malcolm Wallop (R reports . nounced a radical change in its mis Wyo.), who requested the report, praised its "Her declaration, if you will, is unprec sion. For 85 years, it has built great contents . A classified version was sent to edented, particularly in diplomatic proto projectslike dams and water projects; Congress and the White House in May . col. Nancy Reagan is not a member of the now it will concentrate on managing Washington administration, and that's why existing projects, conserving water, she didn't participate in the three-day talks and assuring good water quality and between the President and Secretary of State environmental protection. of the U.S.A. and U.S.S.R. Foreign Min Alexander Haig opposes ister E.A. Shevardnadze . Nevertheless, she • SEN. JESSE HELMS has herself decided to take on a certain official blocked the confimnation vote on C. Persian Gulf operation role." The First Lady "expressed in a timely William Verity as commerce secre Republican presidential candidate and for way" the optimistic expectation of millions tary until the Commerce Department mer Secretary of State Alexander Haig de of Americans aboutpeace; Americans ''were provides the names of all U.S. com nounced the U.S. naval deployment in the reassured by the news of the possibility of a paniestrading witl!1the Soviet Union. Persian Gulf, took the side of Ayatollah speedy Soviet-American summit, about the In a letter to White House Chief of Khomeini 's Iran against Iraq, and blamed probable agreement for the liquidation of Staff Howard Baker, Helms said he Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger for medium-range rockets , ... about the has been trying to �et the trade infor the "faulty" deployment, in an interview on speeding up of talks with the aim to limit by mation for more tl!1an two years . Un the television program "One on One" Oct. half strategic nuclear arsenals, and ban less he receives the reports, he said, 1. chemical weapons.... In general, last week "there will be no vote" on Verity's "I was opposed to the decision before it many Americans underwent a 'perestroika' nomination. was made," he said, "not because we put of international political thinking." EIR October 9, 1987 National 71 Editorial 'Soviet dupes ' in Congress? In an interview with the Washin�ton Times in late Sep entire postwar era: On that day , Thursday, Oct. I, the tember, President Reagan made certain remarks which Soviet Union test firedan intercontinental ballistic mis strongly suggested that he believes that numerous con sile over United States territory , specifically over the gressmen act under considerable Soviet influence . The state of Hawaii. The fact that this was the first time ever fo llowing day , White House spokesman Marlin Fitz in history that one superpower fired one of its intercon water, asked by the press to confirm whether the Pres tinental missiles over the territory of the other, was ident really believes this to be the case , answered em provocation number-one: the fact that it was a brand phatically: "Absolutely�" new type of intercontinental missile, dubbed TT-09, Two issues are involved here . First, the allegation not allowed by the SALT lI-greement, is provocation against Congress: second, the President's own com number-two. plaint. Then, we have a third , more astounding fact which That such allegations should be made against Con consitutes provocation nunilber-three: A Soviet ship, gress, both House of Representatives and Senate , is near the area of the missilj! 's splashdown, flashed a quite understandable. In fact, given the behavior of the laser weapon against the pilot and the telemetry equip majority of congressional members , these allegations ment of a U.S. Air Force aircraft that was monitoring are probably true . However, given his own record in the Soviet missile's test flight. supporting an Intermediate Nuclear Forces Treaty and The pilot was temporarily blinded and the telemetry a summit with Gorbachov , President Reagan is not the equipment, presumably failed to monitor the Soviet right person to complain about this. test-also in violation of thf SALT Treaty . The Senate as well as the House have voted a num Under ordinary circumstances, these Soviet acts ber of measures which, if not rescinded or vetoed by would have caused the American President to go on the President, will seriously jeopardize the existence of national television, inform the American people of the this republic and of the Western world. gravity of the Soviet provocbons, and suspend all con Such measures include a re solution calling for with tacts with Russia, cancelling also all arms control ne drawal of the naval forces of the United States from the gotiations. Instead, the Reagan White House an Persian Gulf; an action to terminate all United States nounced that it issued new instructions to its negotiating aid to Pakistan at a time when that nation is under threat team in Geneva, to expedite,the draftingof the final text of dismemberment from the Soviet Union; one treason of the INF Treaty, aiming at completion before Secre ous amendment requiring the U.S.A. to return to the tary of State Shultz arrives in Moscow Oct. 22. The strategic arms limits of the unratified, expired, invalid, previous target date for cOIllpleting the draft was "be and discarded SALT Treaty , and another treasonous fore the Reagan-Gorbachov �ummit in late November. " amendment imposing the so-called "narrow," i.e., So No amount of righteous indignation from the Rea viet interpretation of the 1972 ABM Treaty . gan administration will con�eal the fact that these Sen And a defense budget which, though inadequate , is ate votes have been made P9ssible only afterPr esident also targeted for further future "automatic reductions," Reagan, with his "agreement-in-principle" to abandon according to the Gramm-Rudman legislation. the alliance with Europe over the INF Treaty, demon The height of treachery was reached when the United strated to Congress that he, too, can out-bid them in States Senate voted these last three measures on the selling out our strategic interests for the sake of cheap same day during which the Soviet military command popularity , a Nobel Peace Prize , and a chance of per engaged in one of its most provocative actions in the ceived Republican electora� gains. 72 National EIR October 9, 1987 In Decemb er 1986, EIR Alert told its readers about Brazilian discussion of a debt moratoriUm. On Feb. 20, 1987-it happened. On Aug. 18, 1987 EIR Alert published an AIDS Alert item on Soviet measures on AIDS. On Aug. 26, 1987, the story hit the fr ont page of the Washington Post. With the EIR Alert, you will be ahead of the news. With Alert the presidential season coming up, and a financial crash being predicted by leading European banking circles-can you afford to be behind the times? EIR Alert brings you 10-20 concise news items, assembled fr om its bureaus all around the world, twice a week, with Alert leading economic and strategic news. It comes to you first class mail-or by fax (at no extra charge). In the U. S.: Confidential Alert annual subscription $3,500. In Europe: Confidential Telex Alert annual subscription DM 12,000, includes Quarterly Economic Report Strategic Alert Newsletter (by mail) annual subscription OM 6.000 Alert Make checks payable to: Em News Service P.o. Box 17390, Washington, D.C. 2004 1-0390 In Europe: EIR Nachrichtenagentur GmbH. Postfach 2308, Alan+ Dotzheimerstr. 166. D-6200 Wiesbaden, F.R.G. ------� I would like to subscribe to I Executive Executive Intelligence Review for I Intenigence o 1 year 0 6 months 0 3 months I enclose $ _____ check or money order Review Please charge my 0 MasterCard 0 Visa Card No. ____ Exp. date ____ _ Signature u.s.. Canada and Mexico only ______1 year ...... $396 Name ______6 months ...... $225 ...... $125 3 months ...... Company ______ Foreign Rates Phone ( Central America, West Indies, Venezuela Address and Colombia: 1 yr. $450, 6 mo. $245, ______3 $135 mo. City ______ South America: 1 yr. $410. 6 mo. $255. State ______Zip ___ _ 3 mo. $140. Make checks payable to EIR News Service Inc .. Europe, Middle East, Africa: 1 yr. DM 1400. P.O. Box 17390. Washington. D.C. 2004 1- 6 mo. DM 750. 3 mo. DM 420. Payable in 0390. In Europe: EIR Nachrichtenagentur deutschemarks or other European currencies. GmbH. Postfach 2308. Dotzheimerstrasse 166. 62 Wiesbaden. Federal Republic of Germany. Asia and Oceania: 1 yr. $550. 6 mo. $300. telephone (06121) 8840. 3 mo. $150. We 've ripped the mask off Gorbachov's 'glasnost' in EI� 's newest special report GLOBAL SHOWDOWN ESCALATES The Zero Option and the Berlin crisis of 1987 • On the weekend of Augus t 22, mass demon If the We st gives in to Gorbachov's "glasnost," strations wer e held in the Baltic repub lics of and signs a Zero Option deal with the Krem Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia demanding lin , there wo n't be democracy and "open the lib erty of those nations fro m the terms of ness." let alone peace. the 1939 Hitler-Stalin Pact-which subjected them to the crushing domination of the So There will be Moscow's total wa r-a combina viet Union. tion of regular an d irregular warfa re against ' W� stern Civilization-in alliance with the old • On Aug ust 23. Ra dio Mo scow ac cused the Nazi International and the drug trafficking demonstrators of �questioning the legality of mafia. the 1939 German-Soviet non-aggression treaty"-the no torious Hitler-Stalin Pac t! EIR 's special report pulls together 350 pages of documentation, maps, and charts to show why the Hitler-Stalin Pact is still the key to Soviet fo reign policy. The intelligence in this report cannot be obtained from any SPECIAL other source-even with a top security clear ance. This is the book that will stop the Zero REPORT Option sell-out in 1987. $250 per copy, postpaid. Make checks payable to: EIR News Service, Inc. , P. O. Box 17390, Washington, D.C. 20041-0390.