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Christ's Crucifixion: the Case of the Crown of Thorns
Christ’s Crucifixion: The Case of the Crown of Thorns Christ’s Crucifixion: The Case of the Crown of Thorns As the Easter weekend passes here in Prague, the postcard photographs and paintings of Christ are everywhere, seen available to buy at the markets and local stalls or plastered on street walls across the city. We are all familiar with the image – Christ, pinned to the wooden cross, limply hanging in a position of suffering, head hung low with the prickly, painful Crown of Thorns piercing his temples. It is a haunting presentation of Christ’s sacrifice to humanity, the harrowing crown depicted as the mocking sign of monarchical rule of the Son of God. This image of the crowned Christ has endured through history, an emblem of affective piety, the crown itself serving as a painful reminder of his cause. But where did this image of Christ crowned in thorns originate and how has it become one of the most enduring depictions of Jesus in visual history? Dr. Emily Davenport Guerry’s compelling lecture titled Passion Relics and Patrons between Paris and Prague sought to answer this question as the eighth lecture in the ‘Medieval Conceptual Conflicts and Contrasts: Text and Image’ series held in the Faculty of Arts on Wednesday 12th of April. Dr. Davenport Guerry is a current lecturer in Medieval History at the University of Kent, Compiled Apr 1, 2019 10:18:50 PM by Document Globe ® 1 as has taught at Oxford and York in the past, with a special interest in relic culture and Christian iconography. -
A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E
Western Washington University Western CEDAR WWU Honors Program Senior Projects WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship Spring 2014 A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E. Tobias Osterhaug Western Washington University Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwu_honors Part of the Higher Education Commons, and the History Commons Recommended Citation Osterhaug, Tobias, "A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E." (2014). WWU Honors Program Senior Projects. 25. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwu_honors/25 This Project is brought to you for free and open access by the WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in WWU Honors Program Senior Projects by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Tobias Osterhaug History 499/Honors 402 A Political History of the Kingdom of Jerusalem 1099 to 1187 C.E. Introduction: The first Crusade, a massive and unprecedented undertaking in the western world, differed from the majority of subsequent crusades into the Holy Land in an important way: it contained no royalty and was undertaken with very little direct support from the ruling families of Western Europe. This aspect of the crusade led to the development of sophisticated hierarchies and vassalages among the knights who led the crusade. These relationships culminated in the formation of the Crusader States, Latin outposts in the Levant surrounded by Muslim states, and populated primarily by non-Catholic or non-Christian peoples. Despite the difficulties engendered by this situation, the Crusader States managed to maintain control over the Holy Land for much of the twelfth century, and, to a lesser degree, for several decades after the Fall of Jerusalem in 1187 to Saladin. -
SAINT JOHN the BAPTIST ROMAN CATHOLIC PARISH 10 January
SAINT JOHN THE BAPTIST ROMAN CATHOLIC PARISH SERVING THE MISSIONS OF SAINT ALBERT THE GREAT AND SAINT MARY QUEEN OF HEAVEN 10 January 2021 Baptism of the Lord MASS SCHEDULE ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST (SJB) 16680 Main St Sat, 09 Jan Baptism of the Lord Frenchtown, MT 59834 4:00 pm (MQH) No Mass ST. ALBERT THE GREAT (SAG) 117 Railroad St Sun, 10 Jan Baptism of the Lord Alberton, MT 59820 8:30 am (SJB) Pro Populo ST. MARY QUEEN OF HEAVEN (MQH) Wed, 13 Jan Saint Hilary of Poitiers 204 2nd Ave E 11:00 am (SJB) Mike Dunn Superior, MT 59872 Fri, 15 Jan Weekday 11:00 am (SJB) Souls in Purgatory CONFESSIONS SICK CALLS Weekends Fifteen minutes before Mass. Call the parish office if you would like a home visit for the (and by appointment) Sacraments. ADORATION OF THE BLESSED SACRAMENT If you have a sacramental emergency outside of office hours, please call 406.202.8912. Wednesday 10:00 am (Frenchtown) Friday 10:00 am (Frenchtown) PARISH OFFICE THE HOLY ROSARY Hours: TWThF – 9:00 am to 4:30 pm Weekends Twenty minutes before Mass. Mailing Address PO Box 329 Frenchtown, MT 59834-0329 Phone and Fax 406.626.4492 Email [email protected] Website www.clarkforkcatholic.com Fr. David Severson Pastor [email protected] Bridgette Bannick Office Manager [email protected] LITURGICAL CALENDAR THIS WEEK WE CELEBRATE: St. Theodosius, Abbot (Optional Memorial) 11 Jan Weekday St. Hyginus; St. Paulinus; St. Theodosius “St. Theodosius was so inspired by Abraham’s example Heb 1:1–6 / Mt 1:14–20 of leaving his loved ones and homeland for God that he left his homeland of Cappadocia to make a pilgrimage to 12 Jan Weekday Jerusalem. -
The Trial by Fire of Peter Bartholomew: a Case Study in Medieval Social Conflict' Kostick, Conor
'The trial by fire of Peter Bartholomew: a case study in medieval social conflict' Kostick, Conor Citation Kostick, C. (2012). 'The trial by fire of Peter Bartholomew: a case study in medieval social conflict'. Leidschrift : Met Het Kruis Getekend, 27(December), 21-40. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/73165 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) License: Leiden University Non-exclusive license Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/73165 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). The trial by fire of Peter Bartholomew: a case study in medieval social conflict Conor Kostick If Omnipotent God talked to this man face to face, and Saint Andrew revealed the Holy Lance to him when he was keeping vigil, let him walk through the fire unhurt; but if this is a lie let him and the Lance he will carry in his hand be consumed by fire. 1 The ordeal by fire of Peter Bartholomew during the course of the First Crusade (1096-1099) is one of the more dramatic examples of a medieval trial by ordeal. Much discussed by historians of the crusades, it deserves wider attention as a case study of a particular type of legal case: one where contending political and social factions agree to put their dispute to a test, a test whose outcome they then attempt to influence. Despite the canonical hesitancy over the legitimacy of the practice of the ordeal, 2 at the time of the First Crusade the trial by ordeal was a powerful tradition, invoked especially in circumstances where other evidence was lacking.3 In his An Introduction to English Legal History, however, J.H. -
From Charlemagne to Hitler: the Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire and Its Symbolism
From Charlemagne to Hitler: The Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire and its Symbolism Dagmar Paulus (University College London) [email protected] 2 The fabled Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire is a striking visual image of political power whose symbolism influenced political discourse in the German-speaking lands over centuries. Together with other artefacts such as the Holy Lance or the Imperial Orb and Sword, the crown was part of the so-called Imperial Regalia, a collection of sacred objects that connotated royal authority and which were used at the coronations of kings and emperors during the Middle Ages and beyond. But even after the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, the crown remained a powerful political symbol. In Germany, it was seen as the very embodiment of the Reichsidee, the concept or notion of the German Empire, which shaped the political landscape of Germany right up to National Socialism. In this paper, I will first present the crown itself as well as the political and religious connotations it carries. I will then move on to demonstrate how its symbolism was appropriated during the Second German Empire from 1871 onwards, and later by the Nazis in the so-called Third Reich, in order to legitimise political authority. I The crown, as part of the Regalia, had a symbolic and representational function that can be difficult for us to imagine today. On the one hand, it stood of course for royal authority. During coronations, the Regalia marked and established the transfer of authority from one ruler to his successor, ensuring continuity amidst the change that took place. -
African Roots of Christianity: Christianity Is a Religion of Africa
Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Faculty Publications 2021 African Roots of Christianity: Christianity is a Religion of Africa Trevor O'Reggio Andrews University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/pubs Part of the Missions and World Christianity Commons Recommended Citation O'Reggio, Trevor, "African Roots of Christianity: Christianity is a Religion of Africa" (2021). Faculty Publications. 2255. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/pubs/2255 This Presentation is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. African Roots of Christianity CHRISTIANITY IS A RELIGION OF AFRICA African Proverb We must go back and reclaim our past, so that we can move forward, so we can understand why and how we came to be who we are today Ancient Akan principle of Sankofa Early Christianity Christianity in the 3rd.century Christianity in Africa 250-AD-406-AD Christianity in Transition The era of Western Christianity has passed within our lifetime and the day of Southern Christianity is dawning. The fact of change is undeniable; it has happened and will continue to happen. Phillip Jenkins Shifting Christianity 1500—Era of Luther and Calvin • 92% of Christians were in global north • Christianity was a “white man’s religion” 1800—William Carey to India • 86% of Christians were in global north 1900—82% in north 2000—42% in north, 58% in south • Christianity is a world religion 2100—22% in north, 78% in south (proj. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Guarino
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Guarino Guarini: His Architecture and the Sublime A Thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Art History by Carol Ann Goetting June 2012 Thesis Committee: Dr. Kristoffer Neville, Chairperson Dr. Jeanette Kohl Dr. Conrad Rudolph Copyright by Carol Ann Goetting 2012 The Thesis of Carol Ann Goetting is approved: ______________________________________ ______________________________________ ______________________________________ Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis would not be possible without the financial support of the University of California, Riverside and the Gluck Fellows Program of the Arts which enabled me to conduct primary research in Italy. Words cannot express enough the gratitude I feel towards my advisor Dr. Kristoffer Neville whose enthusiasm, guidance, knowledge and support made this thesis a reality. He encouraged me to think in ways I would have never dared to before. His wisdom has never failed to amaze me. I was first introduced to the work of Guarino Guarini in his undergraduate Baroque Art class, an intriguing puzzle that continues to fascinate me. I am also grateful for the help and encouragement of Drs. Conrad Rudolph and Jeanette Kohl, whose dedication and passion to art history has served as an inspiration and model for me. I am fortune to have such knowledgeable and generous scholars share with me their immense knowledge. Additionally, I would like to thank several other faculty members in UCR’s History of Art department: Dr. Jason Weems for giving me an in-depth understanding of the sublime which started me down this path, Dr. -
'The Mystic Drum': Critical Commentary on Gabriel Okara's
University of Massachusetts Boston From the SelectedWorks of Chukwuma Azuonye 2011 ‘The ysM tic Drum’: Critical Commentary on Gabriel Okara’s Love Lyrics Chukwuma Azuonye, University of Massachusetts Boston Available at: https://works.bepress.com/chukwuma_azuonye/82/ ‘The Mystic Drum’: Critical Commentary on Gabriel Okara’s Love Lyrics: By Chukwuma Azuonye, PhD Professor of African & African Diaspora Literatures University of Massachusetts Boston Introduction In the course of reading a chapter entitled “Empty and Marvelous” in Alan Watts fascinating book, The Way of Zen (1957), a serendipitous key was provided, by the following statement from the teachings of Chinese Zen master,1 Ch’ing Yuän Wei-hsin (1067-1120), to the structure and meaning of the experience dramatized in Gabriel Okara’s most famous love poem, “The Mystic Drum”: 2 Before I had studied Zen for thirty years, I saw mountains as mountains and waters as waters. When I arrived at a more intimate knowledge, I came to the point where I saw the mountains are not mountains, and waters are not waters. But now that I have got its very substance I am at rest. For it’s just now that I see mountains once again as mountains and waters once again as waters. What is so readily striking to anyone who has read “The Mystic Drum” is the near perfect dynamic equivalence between the words of Ch’ing Yuän and the phraseology of Okara’s lyric. In line with Ch’ing Yuän’s statement, the lyric falls into three clearly defined parts—an initial phase of “conventional knowledge,” when men are men and fishes are fishes (lines 1-15); a median phase of “more intimate knowledge,” when men are no longer men and fishes are no longer fishes (lines 16-26); and a final phase of “substantial knowledge,” when men are once again men and fishes are once again fishes, with the difference that at this phase, the beloved lady of the lyric is depicted as “standing behind a tree” with “her lips parted in her smile,” now “turned cavity belching darkness” (lines 27-41). -
4 Fig. 1) Crown Molded Onto the Forehead. Larger Number of Thorns
4 fig. 1) Crown molded onto the forehead. Larger number of thorns in contact with the bone. THE CORONATION OF THORNS IN THE LIGHT OF THE SHROUD* SEBASTIANO RODANTE, M.D. In this study we will objectively examine the blood clots on the forehead and the nape of the neck, caused by the crown of thorns, as they appear in the black and white photo of the Holy Shroud; dark blood on the white background (figs. 2 & 3). In order to better understand the location of the clots and the direction of the blood flows toward right** or left** in respect to the observer, let us imagine the imprinted sheet unfolded (fig. 4). Putting oneself at A, looking toward the head, the blood from the wound in the R side is at C, i.e. at the R of the observer. Therefore on the frontal imprint, everything which we see on our R corresponds to the R of the Crucified, and the direction of the blood flows toward the R or toward the L of the observer corresponds, in effect, to the R or the L of the Crucified. Putting ourselves at B however, looking toward the feet, the imprint of the R shoulder is at D; i.e. at the L of the observer. Thus the dorsal imprint is laterally reversed. This being granted, we will study the puncture lesions caused on the head by the crown of thorns. For many years I have observed the sindonic Face in the life-size photo made by Giuseppe Enrie in 1931. -
2019-1059 Resolution to Stand in Solidarity with the People of Paris
STUDENT SENATE BILL 2019-1059 TITLE: Resolution to Stand in Solidarity with the People of Paris and the Christian Community AUTHORS: Colin Solomon, Senator Sophia Bond SPONSORS: Catholic Gators, Senator Nick Meyer, Senator Solmaz Karimi, Senator Gabi Zlatanoff, Senator Jessica Martinez, Senator Anthony Portugues, Senator Rebecca Ragan, Senator Gabbi Hernandez, Senator Casey Witte, Christina Pugliese, Senator Lindsay Kaighin, Senator Brady Alexander, Allocations Committee Chairwoman Katie Hernandez, Senator Brianna Adan, Senator Noah Wright WHEREAS, the Notre-Dame de Paris Catholic cathedral on the Île de la Cité in Paris has been a recognizable symbol of Paris and the French nation since its completion in 13451; and, WHEREAS, alongside the Sacré-Cœur Basilica, the Notre-Dame de Paris has been a holy pilgrimage site for the world’s Christians in Paris since its construction2; and, WHEREAS, the Western facade, spire, rose windows, and flying buttresses of the Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral are some of the most famed examples of French Gothic architecture in the world3,4; and, WHEREAS, the Notre-Dame de Paris has been home to many of the world’s religious artifacts and works of art including the crown of thorns worn by Jesus of Nazareth during his crucifixion, the tunic of St. Louis, and various paintings5; and, WHEREAS, the Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral has stood witness to over 850 years of French history, including the coronation of Napoléan Bonaparte, the French Revolution, World War I, and World War II, the latter of which included the -
Draft 5 for Printing
Jan Milí č of Kroměř íž and Emperor Charles IV: Preaching, Power, and the Church of Prague Eleanor Janega UCL Thesis Submitted for the degree of PhD in History 1 I, Eleanor Janega, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in my thesis. 2 Abstract During the second half of the fourteenth century Jan Milí č of Krom ěř íž became an active and popular preacher in Prague. The sermons which he delivered focused primarily on themes of reform, and called for a renewal within the church. Despite a sustained popularity with the lay populace of Prague, Milí č faced opposition to his practice from many individual members of the city’s clergy. Eventually he was the subject of twelve articles of accusation sent to the papal court of Avignon. Because of the hostility which Milí č faced, historians have most often written of him as a precursor to the Hussites. As a result he has been identified as an anti-establishment rabble-rouser and it has been assumed that he conducted his career in opposition to the court of the Emperor Charles IV. This thesis, over four body chapters, examines the careers of both Milí č and Charles and argues that instead of being enemies, the two men shared an amicable relationship. The first chapter examines Milí č’s career and will prove that he was well-connected to Charles and several members of his court. It will also examine the most common reasons given to argue that Charles and Milí č were at odds, and disprove them. -
Shroud Spectrum International No. 31 Part 6
14 In the East during the Middle Ages, artists' conceptions of a thorny crown took a variety of patterns. One example is this "Crown of Thorns and Mocking of Christ", where the thorns sprout like young plants in a box. A manuscript illumination in the Vyšehrad Coronation Gospels (1085-86), Prague. Reproduced by permission of the University Library, Prague. 15 QUESTIONS IN A QUANDARY Monsignore Paleotto tells us: Many who have seen the crown in France report that it forms a sort of helmet. But where in France, during the XVIth century, was such a crown to be seen? The Crown of Thorns, which King Saint Louis redeemed from the Venetians in 1239, for which the Sainte- Chapelle was erected, and which is still conserved in the cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris, is a mere bandeau of rushes, innocent of thorns. Hardly a "crown", for with a diameter of 21 cm (8¼ inches), it would slip over a man's head to rest on his shoulders. Yet Louis IX was satisfied that the relic was authentic. As Paleotto observed by direct examination of the Holy Shroud, puncture wounds appear in every part of the Lord's head; wounds and bloodflows typical of thorn punctures. Only a mass of thorn branches affixed to the head could have caused these injuries. What became of this cruel bonnet, tinged with the blood of Christ? Weaving our way through many writings, we find a few that might possibly be significant: IVth century — "There was a colony of judeo-christians living on Mount Sion until the byzantine-christians took over in the IVth century.