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Bakhmut Basic Service Unit Overview Ukraine, July 2017

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Bakhmut Basic Service Unit Overview Ukraine, July 2017 Area-based Assessment: Bakhmut Basic Service Unit Overview Ukraine, July 2017 Introduction Key Findings Map 1: Locations of assessed settlements in the Bakhmut BSU Conflict between Ukrainian forces and armed This overview covers the Bakhmut BSU where ² UKRAINE Luhanska opposition groups broke out in eastern six communities were assessed (Figure 1). LY SYCHANSKoblast SLOVIANSK Ukraine in 2014. Almost 10,000 people have Donetska oblast • Service access is best in Svitlodarsk, RUSSIAN been killed, 22,231 wounded, and about one FEDERATION million displaced from their homes by fighting1. Myronivskyi, Novoluhanske and Luhanske. The humanitarian and recovery response These communities have a range of functioning to the crisis is hampered by information healthcare and education services, and are KRAMATORSK gaps regarding access to basic services in connected to water and sewage networks. communities located close to the contact line. However, conflict affects service provision in all three communities, with most health and REACH conducted an assessment of all education facilities reportedly damaged by BAKHMUT settlements within 5 km of the contact line with shelling. two main objectives: 1. To understand how residents of communities in the area access • Access in Kodema and Semyhiria is poor OPYTNE ZAITSEVE basic services; 2. To identify gaps in service due to a lack of facilities, markets and financial Settlements Assessed provision and understand challenges from Non-Assessed Settlements Providing Services service points (FSPs) in these communities. SEMYHIRIA Reference Settlements > 10,000 KODEMA the perspectives of both service providers MYRONIVSKYI Waste management is a key challenge for BSU Boundary SVITLODARSK and users. The results will be used to inform INSO Grey Zone (May 2017) these communities, which have no running NOVOLUHANSKE LUHANSKE 0481216Kms strategic planning by humanitarian and local government actors. water or sewage network and struggle to access waste disposal sites due to conflict. Figure 1: Communities assessed within the Figure 2: Profiles of KIs interviewed This assessment collected data at the Bakhmut BSU community level from 100 communities. • Security concerns, the cost of travel and Interviews were conducted with 350 Key the distance to facilities are key challenges Raion Settlement Pop. Distance from Profile Female Male Total contact line Informants (KIs) representing community in accessing all facilities. Cost is a particular Community KI 22 5 27 members, members of the local administration, issue in accessing healthcare services and Bakhmutskyi Svitlodarsk 11,959 0.2 km and representatives of health and education Administration KI 1 4 5 FSPs in Bakhmut, the administrative centre of Bakhmutskyi Myronivskyi 7,845 4.2 km facilities. The assessment did not conduct Education facility KI 11 - 11 Bakhmut Raion which is located 22 km from Bakhmutskyi Novoluhanske 3,500 0.7 km representative sampling, and therefore results the contact line. Health facility KI 1 6 7 should be considered indicative only. Through Bakhmutskyi Luhanske 482 On contact network analysis, the assessed communities line were clustered into seven Basic Service Units Bakhmutskyi Kodema 427 5 km (BSUs) to determine the main constraints in Bakhmutskyi Semyhiria2 - 4.8 km service access and provision in each BSU. 1. OHCHR, ‘Report on the human rights situation in Ukraine’, December 2016. 2. Population figure for Kodema includes the population of Semyhiria because they are one administrative unit. Protection Map 2: Courts and police stations in the BSU Physical protection risks are highest in Psycho-social support (PSS) services are Novoluhanske and Luhanske, where reportedly insufficient in every community KIs reported daily shelling confirmed by except Kodema. Child Friendly Spaces are SLOVIANSK International NGO Safety Organisation (INSO) present in three communities but more are data. The remaining communities experienced required in all communities except Kodema. shelling infrequently or not at all between Vulnerable groups February and June 2017. KIs in three communities reported domestic Landmine / ERW risks violence as a protection concern for women. Landmines/ERW are reported in five of Sexual violence was also reported as a concern the assessed communities as well as on in three other communities. the outskirts of Svitlodarsk. Community IDPs are reportedly living in all communities DRUZHKIVKA and administrative KIs reported that not all assessed, with the highest number in hazardous areas have been marked, except BAKHMUT Novoluhanske, indicating a need for IDP-specific in Kodema. Mine Risk Education (MRE) services such as documentation support in this is reportedly required in Novoluhanske, KOSTIANTYNIVKA area. Administrators in Myronivskyi reported a Myronivskyi and Kodema. Services OPYTNE high number of returnees living in the community Court Temporaily closed facilities ZAITSEVE Protection challenges for communities who may also require additional support. Police Service Links Mines/ERW are the most frequently cited Administrators reported high proportions of Court KODEMA SEMYHIRIA Assessed MYRONIVSKYI protection concerns amongst community KIs. elderly people in all communities. Data from Non-Assessed Settlements Providing Services Reference Settlements > 10,000 Community tension is the second most cited community KIs suggests elderly residents may SVITLODARSK BSU Boundary NOVOLUHANSKE LUHANSKE INSO Grey Zone (May 2017) concern, raised by KIs in five communities, struggle to cope with service access challenges 036912 Kms and was the most common issue in Kodema related to distance and travel time. and Svitlodarsk. Both settlements host high Military checkpoints Figure 3: Key protection concerns reported3 Figure 4: Checkpoints affecting communities numbers of IDPs, which can cause tension due 66+59+38+31+28 to the perception that IDPs may be favoured The military checkpoint at Semyhiria restricts 1. Mines / ERW 67% Communities where checkpoint 4 / 6 over the local population in the allocation of entry and exit for residents of Semyhiria and 2. Community tension 48% controls access resources such as humanitarian aid. Proximity prevents residents of Novoluhanske from using 3. Presence of armed groups 22% Communities where checkpoint 1 / 6 of armed actors, both the Ukrainian military some roads, although it does not control access restricts entry or exit 4. Destruction of property 19% and non-governmental armed groups, is also to Novoluhanske. Communities affected by 1 / 6 a key concern. While access to Svitlodarsk, Luhanske and 5. Lack of psychosocial support 11% checkpoint elsewhere KIs reported protection services are Myronivskyi is controlled by checkpoints, these Communities where checkpoint 0 / 6 unavailable or insufficient across the BSU. checkpoints do not restrict movement. restricts delivery of goods 2 3. KIs could report more than one challenge. Education Map 3: Schools and kindergartens in the BSU There are 11 functioning schools in the BSU: 5 generators. kindergartens and 6 all-grade schools. Access Availability of drinking water is more to education in the assessed communities SLOVIANSK problematic: four schools are experiencing !! is good in Svitlodarsk, Myronivskyi and daily shortages and one has no drinking water Luhanske area, where there are schools and storage available. All schools are connected kindergartens offering all levels of education. to the water and sewage networks. Pupil- Novoluhanske also has an all-grade school, to-toilet ratios meet SPHERE standards4 at but has no kindergartens. There are no kindergartens, with 12 pupils per toilet on education facilities in Kodema or Semyhiria. average, but do not meet standards in all- Education access challenges grade schools where there are 48 pupils per toilet on average. In Kodema and Semyhiria, children must DRUZHKIVKA travel to Bakhmut (19 km) or Zaitseve (7 km), Three schools reported fuel for heating was and KIs for these communities reported the not sufficiently available during the last winter, BAKHMUT !! distance to schools and security risks children and one reported shortages in centralised are exposed to when travelling to school heating services. KOSTIANTYNIVKA !! OPYTNE as the main access challenges. Security Services Challenges delivering education !! ZAITSEVE risks when travelling were also reported in ! Kindergarten ! All Grades School Novoluhanske, probably due to shelling and Shortages of funds and supplies are the key Service Links Education frequent exchanges of fire in the area. challenge for schools in the BSU, reported by KODEMA SEMYHIRIA Assessed !! MYRONIVSKYI facilities in all communities. The supplies most Non-Assessed Settlements Providing Services Reference Settlements > 10,000 SVITLODARSK In the other settlements, KIs felt access to !! !! !! lacking are gym equipment, computers and BSU Boundary NOVOLUHANSKE LUHANSKE education is good, although KIs expressed INSO Grey Zone (May 2017) books. 036912 Kms some concerns over a shortage of teaching Schools in Svitlodarsk and Novoluhanske staff and the quality of teaching provided. Figure 5: Key education challenges reported5 Figure 6: Protection issues in schools also reported a lack of qualified teaching staff. Education facility conditions 41+37+11 Pupil-to-teacher ratios are consistent between 1. No challenges 41% Schools with accessible bomb shelters 7 / 11 Of the 11 facilities assessed 8 remain in need types of school, with seven pupils per teacher 2. Distance to school is too
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