Research Article Agri Res & Tech: Open Access J Volume 2 Issue 5 - November 2016 Copyright © All rights are reserved by Tahir Maqsood DOI: 10.19080/ARTOAJ.2016.02.555597

Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation in Hafizabad District, Punjab, Pakistan

Tahir Maqsood 1*, Nadeem Ahmad 2* , Noman Khuda Buksh 3* and Dr. Muhammad Shafiq 4* 1Directorate of Land Reclamation Punjab, Pakistan 2Soil Survey, Punjab, Pakistan 3Assistant Professor, UCP, Bahawalpur, Pakistan 4Land Reclamation, Irrigation Deptt. Punjab, Pakistan Submission: October 05, 2016; Published: November 02, 2016 *Corresponding author: Tahir Maqsood, Land Reclamation Punjab Pakistan.

Abstract The water and environment has become an emotive issue with the people and policy makers. The chief causes for the pollution of water and environment are anthropogenic activities of human beings. The primary objective of this paper is to study the groundwater quality parameters

groundwaterin the surrounding exploration tube wellsof fresh of Hafizabadwater and district, natural Punjab,recharge Pakistan. estimation The endeavors, availability which of groundwater, are the most namely important fresh componentswater, with theessential passage to formulateof time is dependablebecoming too groundwater less. This alarming management situation strategies provokes in scarcity, the scientific affected community regions. Hydrochemical for further investigations studies were conductedand research in Lowerin the Chenabfield of

Canal System District, Hafizabad, Punjab. Pakistan Groundwater samples from 71 locations were collected from bore wells during 15 May - 15 June 2013 (Pre-Monsoon) and 15 October - 15 November 2013 (Post-Monsoon) period and analyzed for EC, SAR and RSC parameters. Based on various indices for irrigation purpose the average value for EC, SAR and RSC parameters were 1.26 (pre) 1.23 (post), 5.12 (pre) 5.09 (post) and The1.53 calculated(pre) 1.53 results(post) respectively.suggest that Onmost the of basis the ofsamples these parametersare within theand permissible water quality limits standards, which canthe waterbe used is classifiedfor irrigation. for safe High irrigation SAR and uses. RSC contentThe concentration in groundwater of EC canin groundwater be attributed ranges to the from continuous 0.80-1.40 water dSm-1. rock EC, interaction SAR and RSCduring reflect the processthat the ofwater percolation belong to with fit or soluble unfit forsalts irrigation. bearing country rocks under arid, low precipitation and high evaporation conditions of the study area. During last few years, the utilization of surface and groundwater for drinking, industrial and agricultural purposes has increased manifolds but consequently it is observed that the water is polluted and affecting the human health, soil nutrients, livestock, biomass and environment in certain areas. Hence a study has been carried out for the quality of the available ground water.

Keywords:

Groundwater; Tube wells/Bore wells; EC; SAR; RSC fit; Unfit

Introduction of almost all living organisms. Life is not possible on this planet Pakistan, is a tropical county especially Punjab with a vast without water. It exists in three states namely solid, liquid diversity of climate, topography and vegetation. Though blessed and gas. It acts as a media for both chemical and biochemical with fairly high annual rainfall, it is not uniformly distributed reactions and also as an internal and external medium for several in time and space resulting in bulk of the rainfall escaping as organisms. About 97.2% of water on earth is salty and only 2.8% runoff. This results in incomplete utilization of available surface is available as fresh water from which about 20% constitutes water. The scarcity of surface water especially in the lean season groundwater. The main source of water in the earth is through in most parts of the country means that groundwater plays a rivers, lakes, oceans and the subsurface groundwater aquifers. decisive role. Water is one of the most indispensable resources Groundwater is highly valued because of certain properties and is the elixir of life and primary cause for the origin of life on not possessed by surface water. Water can be used for various earth planet. Water constitutes about 70% of the body weight purposes like domestic, agriculture, industrial and etc.

Agri Res & Tech: Open Access J 2(5): ARTOAJ.MS.ID.555597 (2016) 00126 Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal

Due to increase in human population and technology growth from the Provincial Capital, Lahore. The district has a total area day by day, the available storage of groundwater is over exploited of 2,367 square kilometers and comprises two tehsils, namely without considering its adverse effect on the aquifer system, which causes depletion in water level and deterioration in quality Hafizabad and Pindi Bhattian. Major villages are Kaleke Mandi, of groundwater. The availability of groundwater, namely fresh Sukheke Mandi, Jalalpur Bhattian, Vanikay Tarrar, Burj Dara, water is too less. The storage of groundwater mostly depends Tarar and Rahgo Syedan. The climate of the district is hot and Lawaray Kalan, Narianwala Shreef, Shameer Bhattian, Kolo on the rainfall and how much recharge is taking place during dry during the summer and moderately cold in the winter. The of monsoon in our country, the existing available groundwater rains. But due to non-uniform distribution of rainfall and failure maximum summer temperature in the month of June is 45 °C resources are not able to meet the increasing demand of human (113 °F), while in winter, during January, the lowest minimum there is more rainfall in the east than the west. The monsoon temperature is 1 °C (34 °F). Owing to the proximity of the hills, season usually starts in the middle of July and continues until population [1]. This situation provokes the scientific community of fresh water and natural recharge estimation, which is the to further research in the field of groundwater exploration most important components essential to formulate dependable September. The soils are alluvial and fertile. Majors’ crops are groundwater management strategies in scarcity, affected Mash, Moong, Masoor, Gram, Maize, Oil Seed such as Rape/ rice and wheat. Besides, Sugarcane, Bajra, Tobacco, Maize, Jawar, regions. The present study gives out the objectives, to estimate the district. The granites are pink and grey in color, hard massive Mustard and Sunflower are also grown in minor quantities in assess the groundwater quality for irrigation purpose. to foliated and well jointed. The soil cover is of well developed the fitness and unfitness of the groundwater samples and to residual soil of weathered granite. The soil is fairly permeable Location and Extent In order to assess the groundwater quality for irrigation except for more intensive rains, which can cause considerable with brown-reddish color. The soil can absorb most of the rain Pakistan is selected. Geologically the area consists of granites, uses a Lower Chenab Canal System District, Hafizabad, Punjab. gneisses and pegmatite of igneous origin belonging to the surfaceResearch flow Methodology and erosion. Archaean age. The soils of the study area are clay loam with liter polyethylene bottle following from the bore wells, which Groundwater samples were collected in pre-cleaned 1 pH 7.83 and ECe is 4.02 d Sm-1 [2,3]. The area of Hafizabad is about 2367 km2. Hafizabad is situated at 800 feet (240 m) are used for the irrigation purposes during May 2013 (Pre- samples from the wells were collected after pumping out water above sea-level in central Punjab. The district is located between monsoon) and October 2013 (Post-monsoon) period. The water for about 10 min to remove stagnant water from the well. Seventy 32°-20’ (32°4′0.120″N) north latitudes and 73°-12’ and 73°-46’ Chenab forms the northern and northwestern boundary of the (73°40′59.880″E) east longitude and Altitude is 207 m. The river one groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for EC, with the help of Garmin Oregon 550. The groundwater sample district. Hafizabad shares its borders with Sheikhupura District SAR and RSC parameters [4,5]. The GPS values were measured the north, Sargodha District in the west, Faisalabad and Chiniot locations in the study area are represented in Table 1. and Gujranwala District in the east, Mandi Bahauddin District in km from the Federal Capital, Islamabad, and is 109 km away District in the south. Hafizabad is situated at a distance of 303

How to cite this article: Tahir M, Nadeem A, Noman K B, Dr. Muhammad S. Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation in Hafizabad District, 00127 Punjab, Pakistan. Agri Res & Tech: Open Access J. 2016; 2(5): 555597. DOI: 10.19080/ARTOAJ.2016.02.555597 Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal

Table 1: The groundwater quality parameter values in the study area. Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Status 1.00 1.25 0.20 1.05 1.58 1.25 1.53 1.63 1.45 1.28 1.63 1.45 1.08 0.55 1.05 1.05 1.35 0.25 Mean 13 RSC Oct- 1.00 1.20 0.20 1.00 1.55 1.20 1.55 1.65 1.50 1.25 1.65 1.50 1.05 0.60 1.10 1.10 1.40 0.20 13 RSC 1.00 1.30 0.20 1.10 1.60 1.30 1.50 1.60 1.40 1.30 1.60 1.40 1.10 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.30 0.30 Jun- 1.64 1.43 1.77 1.24 1.75 1.61 2.85 2.37 4.31 1.85 2.45 3.85 4.05 5.45 3.79 3.25 2.98 2.36 Mean 13 SAR Oct- 1.70 1.40 1.80 1.20 1.70 1.60 2.70 2.40 4.30 1.80 2.40 3.80 4.10 5.40 3.80 3.30 3.00 2.40 13 SAR 1.58 1.46 1.74 1.27 1.80 1.62 3.00 2.33 4.31 1.90 2.50 3.90 4.00 5.50 3.77 3.20 2.95 2.31 Jun- 0.98 1.26 1.25 1.25 1.15 1.15 0.98 1.20 1.02 1.15 1.15 1.05 1.18 1.16 1.25 0.95 0.85 1.15 Mean EC 13 Oct- 0.90 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.10 1.10 1.00 1.15 1.05 1.10 1.10 0.95 1.10 1.10 1.20 1.00 0.90 1.20 EC 13 1.05 1.32 1.30 1.29 1.20 1.20 0.95 1.25 0.98 1.20 1.20 1.15 1.25 1.22 1.30 0.90 0.80 1.10 Jun- 0 60 30 50 50 60 80 80 70 80 60 60 60 70 80 70 70 80 (ft.) length Screen Screen - (Cs) 0.38 0.42 0.46 0.42 0.46 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.38 0.42 0.46 Discharge Discharge 70 35 60 60 70 90 90 80 90 70 70 70 80 90 80 80 90 (ft) 100 Bore Bore depth depth Shah Shah jamal Minor Vanike Vanike Vanike Vanike Disty/ Disty/ Battarey Ramnagar Ramnagar Gajar Gola Gajar Gola Gajar Gola Gajar Gola Gajar Gola Gajar Gola Out of CCA Out of CCA Out of CCA Out of CCA L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C Canal Major Major Y- 032’ 032’ 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 15.734 15.833 15.905 12.417 08.772 10.481 13.980 11.300 15.290 15.345 13.069 12.920 11.802 07.968 05.812 04.090 12.920 10.968 coradinate X- coradinate 073” 43.061 073” 42.210 073” 41.202 073” 42.120 073” 43.321 073” 42.315 073” 33.589 073” 39.855 073” 40.294 073” 40.402 073” 34.776 073” 33.550 073” 32.770 073” 41.145 073” 41.941 073” 38.071 073” 33.550 073” 33.440 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 25 26 27 GIS# 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Sr. No.

How to cite this article: Tahir M, Nadeem A, Noman K B, Dr. Muhammad S. Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation in Hafizabad District, 00128 Punjab, Pakistan. Agri Res & Tech: Open Access J. 2016; 2(5): 555597. DOI: 10.19080/ARTOAJ.2016.02.555597 Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit 1.95 1.25 1.25 1.35 1.05 0.55 0.95 1.15 1.45 1.65 1.45 1.75 1.35 1.45 1.15 0.95 1.15 2.05 1.25 1.35 1.85 2.00 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.10 0.60 1.00 1.10 1.50 1.60 1.40 1.70 1.30 1.40 1.20 1.00 1.20 2.10 1.30 1.30 1.90 1.90 1.20 1.20 1.40 1.00 0.50 0.90 1.20 1.40 1.70 1.50 1.80 1.40 1.50 1.10 0.90 1.10 2.00 1.20 1.40 1.80 4.15 5.16 2.55 3.85 5.39 4.25 5.25 6.85 5.65 6.64 6.76 5.75 5.75 6.34 5.05 7.77 6.57 6.05 5.27 5.25 7.45 4.20 5.20 2.60 3.80 5.40 4.30 5.30 6.90 5.60 6.50 6.70 5.70 5.70 6.30 5.00 7.70 6.50 6.10 5.20 5.20 7.40 4.10 5.12 2.50 3.90 5.38 4.20 5.20 6.80 5.70 6.77 6.82 5.80 5.80 6.38 5.10 7.84 6.63 6.00 5.33 5.30 7.50 0.99 1.05 1.23 1.05 1.25 0.85 0.95 1.25 1.15 1.35 1.28 1.35 1.15 1.25 1.43 1.36 1.38 1.35 1.15 1.05 1.15 1.00 1.10 1.25 1.10 1.20 0.90 1.00 1.30 1.10 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.10 1.20 1.40 1.30 1.30 1.30 1.20 1.00 1.10 0.98 1.00 1.20 1.00 1.30 0.80 0.90 1.20 1.20 1.40 1.25 1.39 1.20 1.30 1.45 1.41 1.45 1.40 1.10 1.10 1.20 70 90 80 70 90 90 30 80 80 80 90 90 90 100 100 100 110 100 100 110 120 - - - 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.46 0.42 0.38 0.46 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.42 0.46 0.46 0.42 80 90 80 35 90 90 90 110 100 100 110 110 100 120 110 110 120 130 100 100 110 Vanike Jalalpur Jalalpur Jalalpur Jalalpur Jandoke Medhora Fateh Pur Fateh Kot Chian Kot Kot Nakka Kot Gajar Gola Gajar Gola Gajar Gola Ratteki Mr Ratteki Mr Ratteki Out of CCA Out of CCA Out of CCA Out of CCA Out of CCA Out of CCA R.B R.B R.B L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 031” 031” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 032” 031” 032” 031” 032” 031” 10.803 11.288 12.920 03.761 09.968 07.228 59.564 17.267 04.094 04.645 04.645 12.792 03.815 08.217 08.217 08.217 59.059 03.642 70.219 59.052 18.729 073’ 33.550 073” 32.767 073” 34.761 073” 22.540 073” 33.442 073” 33.524 073” 20.170 072” 18.865 073” 33.657 073” 25.519 073” 25.519 073” 27.814 073” 44.739 073” 23.520 073” 23.521 073” 23.521 073” 32.652 073” 25.515 073” 32.654 073” 32.651 072” 18.579 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

How to cite this article: Tahir M, Nadeem A, Noman K B, Dr. Muhammad S. Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation in Hafizabad District, 00129 Punjab, Pakistan. Agri Res & Tech: Open Access J. 2016; 2(5): 555597. DOI: 10.19080/ARTOAJ.2016.02.555597 Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit unfit unfit unfit unfit 1.45 2.05 1.35 1.55 2.80 1.95 1.35 2.20 0.95 0.95 1.38 2.15 1.55 1.65 1.65 3.15 3.55 2.05 1.65 0.95 1.55 1.40 2.00 1.30 1.50 2.70 2.00 1.30 2.10 0.90 1.00 1.35 2.20 1.50 1.60 1.70 3.20 3.60 2.10 1.70 1.00 1.50 1.50 2.10 1.40 1.60 2.90 1.90 1.40 2.30 1.00 0.90 1.40 2.10 1.60 1.70 1.60 3.10 3.50 2.00 1.60 0.90 1.60 5.55 5.25 5.44 6.15 8.21 6.29 5.15 5.22 5.59 7.19 7.69 6.75 5.70 7.10 8.75 6.45 7.15 7.15 6.35 5.55 6.35 5.50 5.20 5.40 6.20 8.20 6.20 5.20 5.30 5.50 7.20 7.60 6.80 5.60 7.00 8.70 6.40 7.10 7.10 6.40 5.50 6.30 5.60 5.30 5.47 6.10 8.21 6.37 5.10 5.14 5.68 7.18 7.77 6.70 5.80 7.20 8.80 6.50 7.20 7.20 6.30 5.60 6.40 1.25 1.38 1.25 1.38 1.33 0.85 1.28 0.93 1.15 1.38 1.39 1.35 1.25 1.15 2.00 1.38 1.65 1.35 1.30 1.05 1.43 1.30 1.40 1.20 1.35 1.30 0.90 1.25 1.00 1.10 1.35 1.35 1.30 1.20 1.10 1.90 1.35 1.70 1.30 1.20 1.10 1.40 1.20 1.35 1.30 1.40 1.35 0.80 1.30 0.85 1.20 1.40 1.43 1.40 1.30 1.20 2.10 1.40 1.60 1.40 1.40 1.00 1.45 35 90 80 80 80 90 35 90 90 90 90 90 100 100 100 110 110 150 120 100 120 - - - - 0.42 0.46 0.42 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.42 0.46 0.42 0.38 0.42 0.42 0.46 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.42 40 90 90 90 40 110 100 110 110 100 100 120 100 120 160 130 100 100 110 100 130 Minor Fatehki Ratehki Ratehki Jalalpur Jandoke Jandoke Jandoke Medhora Medhora Medhora Medhora Medhora Uddoke II Uddoke II Uddoke Out of CCA Out of CCA Out of CCA Out of CCA Out of CCA Out of CCA Out of CCA Out of CCA R.B R.B R.B R.B L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C 032’ 032’ 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 032” 032” 032” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 24.659 17.678 59.052 59.052 03.642 03.642 05.036 59.564 04.872 57.660 57.666 59.052 59.052 24.655 18.872 49.379 57.665 57.666 56.037 59.564 55.945 072” 04.821 072” 18.861 073” 32.652 073” 32.652 073” 25.841 073” 25.841 073” 24.514 073” 20.305 073” 17.839 073” 20.171 073” 20.171 073” 32.652 073” 24.257 073” 04.839 072” 18.688 073” 19.939 073” 21.170 073” 20.171 073” 17.196 073” 20.170 073” 12.120 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

How to cite this article: Tahir M, Nadeem A, Noman K B, Dr. Muhammad S. Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation in Hafizabad District, 00130 Punjab, Pakistan. Agri Res & Tech: Open Access J. 2016; 2(5): 555597. DOI: 10.19080/ARTOAJ.2016.02.555597 Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit Fit unfit unfit unfit unfit 1.55 3.35 2.15 3.15 3.35 1.35 1.45 1.55 1.55 1.55 0.95 1.53 1.60 3.40 2.20 3.20 3.40 1.30 1.40 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.00 1.53 1.50 3.30 2.10 3.10 3.30 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.60 1.60 0.90 1.53 4.85 8.45 7.71 8.80 6.75 6.35 3.98 5.15 3.95 2.75 2.10 5.11 4.90 8.50 7.60 8.70 6.70 6.40 4.00 5.20 4.00 2.70 2.20 5.09 4.80 8.40 7.81 8.90 6.80 6.30 3.95 5.10 3.90 2.80 2.00 5.12 1.05 1.67 1.85 1.86 2.05 1.34 1.38 1.28 1.15 1.00 1.05 1.24 1.10 1.70 1.90 1.90 2.00 1.30 1.40 1.30 1.10 0.90 1.10 1.23 1.00 1.64 1.80 1.82 2.10 1.38 1.36 1.25 1.20 1.10 1.00 1.26 90 90 90 40 40 110 120 100 100 110 110 Mean - - 0.42 0.42 0.46 0.38 0.42 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 98 50 50 120 130 110 100 100 110 120 120 Malian Jandoke Marh Mr Marh Medhora Medhora Baranwala Baranwala Baranwala Out of CCA Out of CCA Out of CCA JB JB JB R.B L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C L.C.C 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 031” 55.945 53.908 53.709 17.792 48.607 46.197 52.746 52.746 34.098 46.102 47.788 .73” 03.152 073” 12.120 073” 20.366 073” 18.430 072” 18.575 073” 20.654 073” 15.760 073” 14.750 073” 14.750 073” 16.571 073” 13.491 118 119 120 121 147 148 149 152 153 154 180 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71

How to cite this article: Tahir M, Nadeem A, Noman K B, Dr. Muhammad S. Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation in Hafizabad District, 00131 Punjab, Pakistan. Agri Res & Tech: Open Access J. 2016; 2(5): 555597. DOI: 10.19080/ARTOAJ.2016.02.555597 Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal

Table 2: The average values of the each quality parameter. post monsoon period.-1 The high alkalinity of groundwater in Minimum Maximum 0.80- 1.50 d Sm , 1.20-.90 and 0.20-3.60 meq/l during pre and Parameters Average certain locations in the study area may be due to the presence of Value Value bicarbonate and some salts. The alkaline water may decrease the 0.80 2.10 solubility of metals. Few values of SAR and RSC are beyond the SAREC 1.20 8.90 1.26 (pre) 1.23 (post) safe limit. These values are slighter higher in pre monsoon than RSC 0.20 3.60 5.12 (pre) 5.09 (post) post monsoon. High SAR and RSC content in groundwater can be Results 1.53 (pre) 1.53 (post) attributed to the continuous water rock interaction during the process of percolation with soluble salts bearing country rocks under arid, low precipitation and high evaporation conditions of In 71 water quality samples only 8 samples are unfit while the study area. During last few years, the utilization of surface and are due to higher electrical conductivity and RSC values. The 63 are fit for irrigation purposes. The unfit water samples groundwater for drinking, industrial and agricultural purposes salt concentration is generally measured by determining the has increased manifolds but consequently it is observed that the water is polluted and affecting the human health, soil nutrients, pressure of the soil solutions that can result in physiological electrical conductivity of water. Excess salt increases the osmotic livestock, biomass and environment in certain areas. drought conditions. It has been observed from the analysis that the electrical conductivity in both seasons (pre monsoon & post Conclusion monsoon) on average basis has a minor difference i.e. 1.26 (pre) in both season and in whole year. The minor change in electrical Groundwater quality in and around Hafizabad has been 1.23 (post). Hence the electrical conductivity has no difference conductivity might be due to leaching of salts due to rains in post analyzed in the present work. The majority area has fit ground water quality due to the influence of seepage and recharge monsoon. The highest value of conductivity may be due to high Link Canal. High SAR and RSC content in groundwater can be from Chenab River, Lower Chenab Canal and Qadirabad Balloki concentration of ionic constituents present in the water bodies. attributed to the continuous water rock interaction during the process of percolation with soluble salts bearing country rocks under arid, low precipitation and high evaporation conditions of The collected water quality samples are 88.73% are found fit and parameter values in the study area are shown in the Table 1. The the study area. 11.27% are unfit for irrigation purpose. The groundwater quality average values of the each quality parameter are shown in the References parameters are shown in Figure 1. 1. Table 2. The minimum and maximum values of EC, SAR and RSC Ghats. Proceedings of the Seminar on Resources Development and Sharma VVJ (1982) Ground Water Resources of Northern Eastern

2. Environment in the Eastern Ghats, Visakhapatnam, pp. 69-75. Murtaza G, Ghafoor A (1996) Charge characteristics of the productive 3. and salt-affected calcareous soils of Pakistan. Pak J Agri 33(6): 32-36. Pandey Sandeep K, Tiwari S (2009) Physico-chemical analysis of groundwater of selected area of Ghazipur city-A case study. Nature and Figure 1: The minimum and maximum values of EC, SAR Science 7(1): 17-20. and RSC parameters. 4. Subba Rao N, Krishna Rao G (1991) Intensity of Pollution of Groundwater in Visakhapatnam Area, A.P. India. Journal of Geological 5. Society India 36(6): 670-673. area are within the permissible limit and are ranging from Todd DK (2001) Groundwater Hydrology. John Wiley and Sons The majority alkalinity values (EC, SAR, RSC) in the study Publication, Canada, pp. 280-281.

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How to cite this article: Tahir M, Nadeem A, Noman K B, Dr. Muhammad S. Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation in Hafizabad District, 00132 Punjab, Pakistan. Agri Res & Tech: Open Access J. 2016; 2(5): 555597. DOI: 10.19080/ARTOAJ.2016.02.555597