WINDOWS INTO OUR PAST
A Genealogy Of The Parsons, Smith & Associated Families
Volume One
Compiled by: Judy Parsons Smith
CROSSING into and Through THE COMMONWEALTH
WINDOWS INTO OUR PAST
A Genealogy Of The Parsons, Smith & Associated Families
Volume One
Compiled by: Judy Parsons Smith
Please send any additions or corrections to:
Judy Parsons Smith 11502 Leiden Lane Midlothian, VA 23112-3024 (804) 744-4388 e-mail: [email protected]
Lay-out Design by: D & J Productions Midlothian, Virginia
© 1996, Judy P. Smith
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Dedicated to my children, so that they may know from whence they came.
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INTRODUCTION
I began compiling information on my family in 1979, when my Great Aunt Jo first introduced me to genealogy. Little did I know where that beginning would lead. Many of my first few generation were already set out in other publications where I could easily find them. Then there were others which have taken many years even to begin to develop. There were periods of time that I consistently worked on gathering information and "filling out" all the paperwork. Then there have been periods of time that I have just allowed my genealogy to set aside for a year or so. Then I something would trigger the genealogy bug and I would end up picking up my work once again with new fervor.
Through the years, I have visited with family that I didn't even know that I had. In turn my correspondence has been exhaustive at times. I so enjoy sending out and receiving family information. The mail holds so many surprises. Oh, the crazy things that one finds out while searching out the family's roots. I have been spending the past year researching the Middle Ages and before. To tell the truth I never was really interested in that period of time, until, I found out that we were related to European Royalty. Many believe that what is going on in our world today is crazy, only after delving into the past do we find that life is just as crazy and unpredictable as ever.
In my quest for family information, nothing was sacred, I search through courthouse record rooms, the Virginia State Library and Archives, other peoples attics and closets for bits and pieces of family information. Every scrap of information that I have collected has been compiled here for your perusal. I have tried to include "stories" about individuals when they were available or appropriate. My sister was a great help here - she was able to give me some insight into the rulers of England before the Tutors. While helping her study for her exams I was able to get some great information from her, it in turn turned out to be a great way to accomplish two things at once.
Thanks go out to all those with whom I have corresponded and those individuals who gave me updated information on their individual families. I am most grateful to my husband who was a great sport while I put together this volume. He encouraged me, assisted in drafting some of the appendixes, reminded me that I needed to sleep when I had spent too much time working on the draft. Thanks also to all my family for being there and giving me the extra push that I needed to get the book "hammered out".
As with any work of genealogy, there are always omissions and additions that find their way into print, should you come across a "typo" or have any information that your would like to see corrected please contact me.
Judy P. Smith July 1996
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ABBREVIATIONS & SYMBOLS
In the following text a number of abbreviations and symbols are used. In order that you can better follow the information given be sure to check this section when in doubt. An example of a typical entry and it's "translation" follows:
Hugh Powell Garton, son of James & Mary (Allen) Garton, b. 13 Sept 1875, Greene County, VA; d. 30 May 1951, Richmond, VA; m. 4 Jul 1899, Greene County, VA to Mattie Liew Richards, daughter of Richard & Emma (Roberts) Richards, b. 14 Apr 1878, Greene County, VA; d. 11 Jan 1956, Richmond, VA.
In the above example we find that, Hugh Powell Garton was b. (born) 13 Sept 1875 and d. (died) 30 May 1951. He m. (married only or first) to Mattie Liew Richards. She was b. (born) 14 Apr 1878 and d. (died) on 11 Jan 1956.
Abbreviation Meaning abt. about aft. After b. born bap. Baptized bef. before bp. baptized bur. buried c./ca. circa./around d. death
Abbreviation Meaning div. divorced m. married m1st first marriage m2nd second marriage m3rd third marriage observations/explanation ✝ Minister, pastor, or preacher. Revolutionary War service. Civil War service
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TABLE OF CONTENT
SECTION ONE CONNECTICUT...... 12 MASSACHUSETTS BAY COLONY ...... 12 PENNSYLVANIA ...... 13 MIGRATION PATTERN ...... 14 S O U T H C A R O L I N A ...... 14 V I R G I N I A ...... 15 LEE COUNTY SETTLEMENTS...... 5 PEOPLE...... 5 CUSTOMS, OCCUPATIONS AND INTERESTING FACTS...... 5 CONFLICTS ...... 6 MAP OF SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA, EASTERN TENNESSEE AND WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA HIGHLIGHTING THOSE COUNTIES IN WHICH ANCESTORS LIVED...... 8 A D A M S...... 9 ADDAMS ...... 9 A L L E N ...... 10 ALLENINE - ALLEYNE - ALLIN - ALLAND - ALAN ...... 10 A N D R E W S...... 14 A N D R E W S...... 14 RELATED TO THE SMITH FAMILY ...... 14 A R C H B O L D ...... 14 A T K I N S...... 14 A V A N T...... 17 B A K E R...... 18 BECKER, BEAKER...... 18 B E N T Z...... 33 B L A N K E N S H I P ...... 33 BLANKINSOP - BLANKINGSHIP - BLANKINSHIP...... 33 BLENKINSOP - BLAKINSOP...... 33 B L E D S O E ...... 38 B R A D Y...... 40 B R E W E R ...... 41 REVOLUTIONARY SERVICE ...... 42 B R E W S T E R...... 43 B U C K...... 45 C H R I S M A N...... 45 C L A I B O R N E ...... 45 C O G A N ...... 45 C R A B T R E E...... 46 D A U G H E R T Y ...... 47 O’DOGHERTY ...... 47 D A Y ...... 47 REVOLUTIONARY SERVICE ...... 48 D E B O A R D ...... 49 DE BOARD...... 49 D O S W E L L...... 51 D R A K E...... 51 E L Y...... 53 HELIE, ELY, EALLY ...... 53 ELEY, EALEY, ELLY, ALLY ...... 53 E N G L A N D ...... 55 E U B A N K ...... 57 F A R L E Y...... 57 FAIRLIE, FARLO, DE BERLI, DE FALAISE...... 57 DE FALAIX, FELLES, FALET, FARLEIGH ...... 57 F L A N A R Y...... 60
6 O'FLANNERY, FLANARY, FLANERY, FLANNARY ...... 60 FLANNERY, O FLANNIGANE, O FLANNYLLA, O FLANNELLY ...... 60 FLANNALLY, FLAITHEAMHNAS ...... 60 F O W L E R ...... 61 G A R T O N...... 62 GARTEN, GARTIN, GARTOM, GRATTAN, GRATIN ...... 62 G O D S E Y ...... 66 G O N C E...... 67 G O O C H...... 67 G R A H A M...... 68 G R E E N...... 68 H A L L...... 75 H A N C O C K ...... 75 H A N G E R...... 75 H A R B E R ...... 77 HARBOUR ...... 77 H A R R I S...... 80 H E D R I CK ...... 80 HEDRICH, HEYDERICH, HEYDRIG,...... 80 HEYDRICH, HEIDRICK, EYDTRICK,...... 80 HEADRICK, HEDRICK...... 80 H I C K S ...... 84 HIX ...... 84 H O L T...... 85 H U G H E S ...... 87 H U N T...... 88 K A H N ...... 88 K I L G O R E ...... 88 K L E B A U ...... 89 L A W S O N ...... 89 L E S T E R ...... 90 L I N K...... 91 LINCK, LINCKH...... 91 L I V I N G S T O N...... 93 L U D L O W...... 93 L U T T E R E L L...... 95 M A C D O N N E L L...... 96 MCDONALD, MACDOMHNAILL, MACDONALD, DONALDSON...... 96 THE CLAN DONALD ...... 97 M A J E R...... 103 M U N C Y...... 103 MUNSEY, MUNSEY...... 103 MOUNSEY, MONCEAUX...... 103 N E U W I R T H...... 106 O L I N G E R ...... 106 O W E N S ...... 111 P A R S O N S...... 112 PARSON, MACPARSON, MACPHERSON ...... 112 P E N N I N G T O N ...... 121 P R I D G E N...... 123 R I C E ...... 123 R I C H A R D S...... 124 R O B B I N S ...... 125 ROBINS - ROBYNS...... 125 R O B I N S O N...... 126 R O G E R S ...... 127 MACRORY, RORY, RODGERS, ROGER, ROGERSON...... 127 R O U S E ...... 153 S C A G G S...... 154
7 SCAGG, SCAGGS, SCAGS, SCEGGS ...... 154 SKAGGS, SKEGGS...... 154 S C O T T...... 155 S E A L...... 156 SEALE, SEAL ...... 156 S I L E R ...... 157 SIDLER, SAYLOR ...... 157 S I N G L E T O N...... 158 S K I D M O R E...... 158 SCUDAMORE, SKEYDEMORE, SKIDMORE...... 158 SCUDAMORE...... 158 S L O A N ...... 161 S M I T H...... 162 LEADS AS TO THE IDENTITY OF NANCY V. SMITH, WIFE OF JOHN W. GREEN...... 162 S M I T H...... 163 THIS FAMILY RELATED TO THE GARTON FAMILY...... 163 S M Y T H...... 166 SMITH...... 166 S T A P L E T O N ...... 169 DE STAPLETON, DE STAPELTON...... 169 STAPILTON, STAPYLTON ...... 169 S T E I N M A N...... 178 S T R A T T O N ...... 178 T A Y L O R ...... 178 T H O M A S ...... 179 TOOMS...... 179 T H O M P S O N...... 180 T Y R E E ...... 180 TERRELL ...... 180 U M B E R G E R...... 183 HUMBERG, HUMBERGER, UMBERIGER ...... 183 V A U G H A N...... 184 VAUGHN ...... 184 W A L K E R...... 186 W A L T E R S ...... 187 W I L L I A M S O N...... 188 W I L L I S...... 188 W I N D S O R...... 191 Y E A R Y...... 191 ERIE, EARRY, YARRY, YERRY, YEARY...... 191 POSSIBLY ORIGINALLY SPELLED EYRE, AND ANCIENT FAMILY FROM GREAT BRITAIN...... 191 SECTION TWO BRITIAN ...... 197 CRUSADES ...... 197 COATS-OF-ARMS...... 197 NORMAN CONQUEST...... 198 FEUDALISM ...... 198 PLANTAGENET ...... 199 KNIGHTS...... 199 A N J O U ...... 202 D E A R U N D E L...... 203 FITZ ALAN...... 203 D E B A L I O L ...... 204 BALLIOL, BALIOL...... 204 D E B E A U M O N T ...... 205 D E B E L L M O N T E ...... 205 B L O I S...... 207
8 D E B O H U N...... 208 DE BOHON, BOUN, BOON, BOWNE ...... 208 B R I T T A N Y ...... 212 D E B R U S...... 212 DE BRUCE ...... 212 D E B U R G H...... 213 C H A R L E M A G N E...... 214 CAROLINGIAN LINE OF FRENCH KINGS ...... 214 D E C L A R E...... 219 D E C O U R T E N A Y ...... 219 D A N I S H V I K I N G S...... 220 F L A N D E R S...... 221 F R E N C H ...... 222 RULERS OF FRANCE...... 222 G A L L O - R O M A N S & A L S A T I A N S ...... 222 G A L L O W A Y ...... 223 G E R M A N...... 223 RULERS OF GERMANY...... 223 G L O U C E S T E R...... 229 D E G R E L L E...... 230 D E H O L A N D ...... 230 H O U S E O F W E S S E X ...... 231 WEST SAXONS ...... 231 T H E H O U S E S O F V A L OI S A N D P L A N T A G E N E T...... 235 D E H U N T I N G D O N...... 238 IRELAND AND SCOTLAND ...... 239 SCOTLAND...... 239 IRELAND...... 240 IRISH & SCOTS...... 241 KINGS OF IRELAND...... 241 MONARCHS OF IRELAND...... 241 KINGS OF DALRIDA AND SCOTLAND ...... 241 L O N G E S P E E...... 247 L U D L O W C A S T L E ...... 248 LUDELAUE...... 248 D E M A N D E V I L L E ...... 249 M A R S H A L...... 250 DE BRAIOSE (OR BRIOUZE)...... 250 M E R O V I N G I A N K I N G S O F F R A N C E...... 251 L E M E S C H I N...... 251 D E M O W B R A Y...... 252 D E N E W M A R C H...... 253 N O R M A N A N D P L A N T A G E N T...... 254 NORMAN AND PLANTAGENET ...... 254 N O R W A Y...... 265 D E Q U I N C Y...... 268 D E R I D E L I S F O R D ...... 268 D E R I D E L I S F O R D ...... 269 R I P A R I A N ...... 269 BRANCH OF THE MEROVINGIAN HOUSE ...... 269 D E R O U C Y...... 271 D E S A L I S B U R Y...... 271 S A X O N S...... 272 S A X O N S...... 273 RELATED TO CHARLEMAGNE ...... 273 D E S T A P E L T O N...... 274 S W E D E N...... 277 D E V E R E...... 277 D E V E R M A N D O I S ...... 278 L A W A R R E ...... 280
9 D E W A R R E N E...... 280 D E W E S T ...... 280 L A Z O U C H E ...... 281 SECTION THREE ANCESTORS OF MILESIUS OF SPAIN ...... 284 ANCIENT HISTORY ...... 286 ANCIENT IRISH NOBILITY...... 290 BEGINNING OF THE MILESIAN RULE OF IRELAND...... 291 SECTION FOUR - APPENDIX APPENDIX A...... 302 APPENDIX B...... 303 APPENDIX C...... 304 APPENDIX D...... 305 FROM WHERE IN EUROPE DID OUR ANCESTORS ORIGINATE? ...... 305 APPENDIX D1...... 306 WHERE SOME OF OUR ANCESTORS FAMILIES ORIGINATED? ...... 306 APPENDIX E...... 307 APPENDIX F ...... 308 APPENDIX G ...... 311 APPENDIX H ...... 312 DESCENDANTS OF HENRY I, KING OF ENGLAND ...... 312 APPENDIX I...... 313 APPENDIX J...... 314 DEVELOPMENT OF VIRGINIA COUNTIES...... 314 APPENDIX K ...... 316 APPENDIX L...... 320 DESCENDANTS OF HENRY I, KING OF ENGLAND ...... 320 APPENDIX M...... 321 SAXON & ENGLISH MONARCHS ...... 321 (LINE 1; LINE 6; LINE 12) ...... 321 APPENDIX N...... 322 GERMAN & FRENCH FAMILIES...... 322 (LINE 48; LINE 53; LINE 57; LINE 59; LINE 12)...... 322 APPENDIX O ...... 323 CHARLEMAGNE & RIPARIAN...... 323 (LINE 190; LINE 50; LINE 53; LINE 57; LINE 59; LINE 12)...... 323 APPENDIX P ...... 324 SCOTLAND & IRELAND...... 324 (LINE 170; LINE 1; LINE 6; LINE 12) ...... 324 APPENDIX Q ...... 325 FROM ADAM TO HENRY I & MATILDA...... 325 APPENDIX R...... 326 FROM ADAM TO MARY MACDONALD ...... 326 APPENDIX S ...... 327 FROM ADAM TO JUDY SMITH ...... 327 APPENDIX T...... 328 APPENDIX U...... 329 APPENDIX V...... 330 APPENDIX W...... 331 APPENDIX X...... 332 APPENDIX Y...... 333 WORKING INFORMATION...... 333 APPENDIX Z...... 365
10 11 Early Colonial History of America
Connecticut The colony of Connecticut was founded in 1636. Among the colonist was Roger Ludlow. In 1634, he was the Deputy Governor of Connecticut. In 1635, Roger Ludlow removed to Windsor, Connecticut where he became the First Deputy of the Connecticut Colony. The colonists of Wethersfield, Windsor, and Hartford formed their own set of laws, the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, in 1639. Roger Ludlow was instrumental in framing the model constitution for Connecticut. Thought to be the first written constitution, it set up a government that was in effect independent of any authority but their own. The 11 orders provided for a general assembly and for the election of a governor and magistrates. They set up laws for elections, courts, powers of officials, and taxes1. Figure 1: Connecticut with part of Long Island below Massachusetts Bay Colony The Puritans founded Salem in 1628. The Massachusetts Bay Colony was a group of settlements around Massachusetts Bay founded by English Puritans on land granted in 1629 to Massachusetts Bay Company. In 1630 a group of Puritans under the leadership of John Winthrop settled at Charlestown. The water supply there, however, was inadequate, and they moved across the Charles River to the peninsula. Charlestown and Boston (1630) were settlements in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The settlement was named Trimountaine for its three hills. On Beacon Hill they built a lighthouse, and on Copp's Hill a burial ground. The third hill, near the waterfront, was called Fort Hill (it has since been leveled). The city of Boston dates its beginning from Sept. 17, Figure 2: Massachusetts 1630, when it was named after a town in Lincolnshire, England, bearing the same name. Boston, Lincolnshire, England was the original home of many of the Puritan leaders. In 1632, Boston was made the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony2.
Among those early Puritan settlers of the Massachusetts Bay Colony we find:
William Adams, Sr. Hannah Adams Francis Muncy Roger Ludlow,1630-1634, an Assistant of Massachusetts Bay Colony
Among those early Pilgrim settlers at Plymouth, Massachusetts we find:
Thomas Rogers (tbp)
A Brief Church History The Protestant Church of England was established under Queen Elizabeth of England. There were groups within the newly formed National Church of England that did not wish to keep the forms and rules of the Church of England. These groups had severe strictures placed on them by the authorities. The dissenters separated into three independent groups:
Puritans - The puritans did not the use of vestments, by the priest. Nor did they like the use of the “Book of Common Prayer”. This group was the most radical form of Puritanism practiced.
Presbyterians - The Presbyterians want the Church of England to be under the control of a presbyter, an elected elder of the church.
Separatist - The Separatist did not believe in a government established church and wanted to “break away” from the Church of England.
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The Separatist formed communities in Scrooby, North Nottinghamshire, Figure 3: Church History England. These communities laid the foundation for New Plymouth, the Church of England --> Congregationalist parent colony of New England. The ---> Dissenters ---> Presbyterian Church Separatist removed to Holland, which ---> Puritan Separatist was tolerant of their beliefs. They then ---> Separatist bargained for passage to the colonies aboard the “Mayflower”. Which was followed by “Fortune” and “Anne”. The Puritans set up the Massachusetts Bay Colony at what is now called Boston. 118 Puritans also came to Virginia, but left due to the persecution. Some returned to England, while others fled to Maryland.
PENNSYLVANIA What is now known as the state of Pennsylvania was first land granted to William Penn in 1681 by King Charles II of England for the settlement of a debt of 16,000 £, that the British crown owed to Penn’s father. The land grant was for more than 40,000 square miles - an equivalent of 2.5 £ per square mile. William Penn was made the proprietary of the province and invested with the privilege of creating a political government. As proprietor of the province he was empowered with the ability to appoint Governors for the Colony. He chose to serve as governor of the province at one point.
In order to secure settlers for his land, William Penn visited the Rhine provinces and passed the news of his acquisition and issued the invitation to Figure 4: Pennsylvania the Rhinelanders to help him establish a State in which religious and civil liberty would prevail. The settlement of Germantown in 1683, began the immigration to Pennsylvania, and subsequently into the South.
Upon arriving in the new state (1727) immigrants were required to take an oath of allegiance to the British crown. In 1729, new immigrants were required to take an oath of abjuration and fidelity to the proprietor and the laws of the province, in addition to the oath of allegiance to the British crown.
The Journey to Pennsylvania The German immigrants who traveled to the State that William Penn was seeking to settle, endured many hardships, many of which were tragic. Those immigrants who arrived and settled here were courageous and a hardy lot. In order for these immigrants to arrive and settle into the “Land of Penn” they had a journey that consisted of many stages.
The first stage of the immigrants journey began at their homeland. The German pioneers left their homeland with a passport (that declared that the named individual was in good health and that the area from which he departed was a good and healthy place to live)., they also carried with them a letter of recommendation from their local congregation. It was necessary for them to travel down the Rhine River to Rotterdam. Along the way down the Rhine were many customhouses at which they were required to stop for inspection. The inspections were performed at the leisure of the custom officials. They were usually required to spend from 4 to 6 weeks traveling down the Rhine. Once arriving in Holland and the port of Rotterdam. They were detained in Holland for an additional 5 or 6 weeks. Generally the length of the trip was used to get the passengers to spend as much of their money as possible - every delay would cause the immigrants to spend even more of their limited resources.
The next stage of the journey was travel by Ship from Rotterdam to and English port. Cowes was one of the principal ports at which these travelers stopped. The port of Cowes was located on the Isle of Wight, England. While there the immigrants were once again delayed for 1 to 2 weeks, either waiting to pass through the customhouse or for favorable winds.
During the actual ocean voyage, passengers could expect 8 to 12 weeks at sea. While at sea, the passengers endured crowded conditions, often packed into the ship as tightly as herring. They were also subject to a lack of
13 proper food and improper drinking water. Storms at sea could often contribute to an extended voyage and additional sickness aboard ship. Often the only food available toward the end of the voyage was rats or mice and water. The inadequate food and water often lead to the passengers coming down with a variety of diseases, such as: dysentery, scurvy; typhoid, and small pox.
A majority of the ships arriving a Philadelphia did so during the fall of the year, from August through December. At the time the ship arrived at the port of Philadelphia, health officers were required to visit the ship. If anyone was found to be carrying an infectious disease, the ship was sent 1 mile away from the city until such time that the health officer deemed appropriate.
Having arrived been cleared by the health officer, the immigrants were taken to the City Hall where they rendered the Oath of Allegiance and the Oath of Abjuration. The Oath of Allegiance read:
“We Subscribers, Natives and Late Inhabitants of the Palatinate upon the Rhine & Places adjacent, having transported ourselves and Families into this Province of Pensilvania, a Colony subject to the Crown of Great Britain, in hopes and Expectation of finding a Retreat & peaceable Settlement therein, Do Solemnly promise & Engage, that We will be faithful & bear true Allegiance to his present MAJESTY KING GEORGE THE SECOND, and his Successors, Kings of Great Britain, and will be faithful to the Proprietor of this Province; And that we will demean ourselves peaceably to all His said Majesties Subjects, and strictly observe & conform to the Laws of England and of this Province, to the utmost of our Power and best of our understanding3.”
They were then again escorted back to the ship to settle their accounts with the Captain. Those individuals who were unable to pay their passage were sold into servitude - for a period of time agreed upon by the person paying the debt and the immigrant. The cost of passage varied prior to 1769 the average cost for a single person was 6-10 louis d’ors ($27 - $45). After 1769, the cost per person rose to 14-17 louis d’ors ($63 - $76.50). The equivalent of 1 louis d’or was $4.50. The cost today seems quite low, however, during that time the purchasing power of currency was much greater than today.
Some of the families included in this work that immigrated through the port of Philadelphia:
28 August 1733 aboard the Hope...... Linck and Umberger 11 Sept 1738 aboard the “Robert and Alice...... Hedrick 12 Oct 1741 aboard the Friendship...... Olinger
Migration Pattern
Many individuals who moved into the Southwest Virginia, Tennessee and Kentucky area, traveled to that area by the following routes:
⇒ Families moved from New Kent County, Virginia on to… ⇒ Hanover, Ludenburg, Halifax, Pittsylvania, Henry, and Russell Counties in Virginia. From there they moved on to… ⇒ Granville, Orange, Rockingham, Stokes, and Surry Counties in North Carolina. Upon leaving these areas they traveled on to… ⇒ The New Territory in Tennessee and Kentucky
S O U T H C A R O L I N A
The Battle of Kings Mountain was fought in York Co., South Carolina on October 7, 1780. King’s Mountain is located just over the South Carolina state line in York County, approximately 33 miles southwest of Charlotte, North Carolina.
The mountain men who came to the defense of America were not the type of individuals that were normally associated with the military. They were not regularly trained troops. The "uniforms" of these frontiersmen consisted of: leather-fringed hunting shirts, moccasins and leggings, coonskin caps(with tails attached). Unlike the regular military attachments their armaments were whatever the frontiersman had available, possibly including Deckard rifles, hunting knife. The frontiersman traveled light, his supplies/baggage was sparse including blanket, cup, wallet of parched corn meal mixed with maple sugar for food; skillet.
One mile from Kings Mountain, the Whigs formed into two lines (led by Colonel Campbell and Colonel Cleveland). They marched towards the British troops, led by Colonel Patrick Ferguson, in silence (rains had fallen and caused the
14 fallen leaves to become soaked - therefore they caused no rustling as the mountain men approached). The top of the mountain was bare of trees - thereby providing the British without cover. The mountain men upon falling into place gave out a great shout - similar to an Indian war whoop. The Tories suffered a great number of injuries and casualties, while those suffered by the Whigs were substantially less.
The Battle of King’s Mountain served to crush the spirits of the Loyalists, and weaken beyond recovery the Royal power in the Carolinas. The battle was declared to be the turning point in Southern warfare. It had the effect of renewing the spirits of the American soldiers, the Loyalist in North Carolina were subdued and feared to rise up, The fragmented and scattered American army sought anew to seek out one another and organize. Cornwallis was forced to retreat - thus the beginning of the end of the American Revolution.
V I R G I N I A
LONG HUNTERS Long Hunters were a unique group, known only to the Southwestern part of Virginia in the area later known as Lee County, Virginia. During the period of 1760 to 1770, groups of 20 to 40 hunters would go out on hunting expeditions. These hunting parities would establish a station camp. From the station camp the hunting party would divide into smaller hunting groups of 2 or 3 men. These smaller hunting parties would then fan out from the station camp.
During these hunts the men collected furs and hides to sell to those who lived in the Eastern parts of the country. A by-product of these expeditions was the information that was gathered by the hunters on the lay of the land, the seasonal effect to the land/game; the winds, rainfall, the location and size of streams; the mountains, and what plants were available and what the medicinal properties they carried.
Today these men would be called scientist, explorers and naturalist. They played an important role in the development of the Southwestern portion of Virginia. Of the many men who were Longhunters we find the following included in or related to our family:
John Baker Lewis Green Sr. (IV) Joseph Baker Lewis Green, Jr. (V) William Baker John Hughes Joseph Blankenship Henry Scaggs William Crabtree _____ Vaughn Joseph Drake
Augusta County, Virginia Augusta County, Virginia was formed in 1738, it included the territory from Frederick County to the Virginia limits and the western boundaries included all land claimed by Great Britain as far as the Mississippi. In 1745, Augusta County was created from Orange County, Virginia with the county seat at Staunton.
Greene County, Virginia Greene County, Virginia was formed in1838 from 155 square miles of Orange County, Virginia. The county was named in honor of General Nathaniel Green, Commander of the Army of the South in the Revolutionary War.
Lee County, Virginia Lee County, Virginia was formed in 1792 from Rusell County, Virginia. The county was named in honor of Henry “Light-Horse Lee” Lee, a Revolutionary soldier and Governor of Virginia (1791-1794). The early settlers came to the county from the Valley of Virginia and Pennsylvania. On 25 October 1792, the General Assembly of Virginia passed a measure to create a new County from Russell County to be called Lee. Of the many who signed the petition to form the new County of Lee these were found to related in some way to our family:
James Burgin John Hoover Isaac Chrisman John Hoover, Jr. Gabe Chrisman Dan Z. Rogers, Sr. Homer O. Chrisman Dan Z. Rogers, Jr. Thomas Crabtree Thomas Rogers, Sr. Joseph Doherty Thomas Rogers, Jr. Thomas Flanary William Yeary
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LEE COUNTY SETTLEMENTS
Turkey Cove: Between 1790 and 1793 those residing in the Turkey Cove/Dryden area of Lee County, Virginia had received land grants for service in the Revolutionary War or had bought their patents. Two of those in the area at this time were: William Muncy and Job Crabtree. Those arriving to the area before 1863 included the: Olingers, Flanarys; Elys; Bakers, Skaggs, and Penningtons.
Pucketts Creek: Family names of the settlers: Thomas, Rogers, McKnight, Turner, Garrett, Ely, Dean, Smith, Tritt, Baker, Flanery, Parsons, Keggley, Parks, Sprinkles, Longs, Cooper, Kirk, Thompson, Moses, Brewer, and Lanningham.
Orange County, Virginia Orange County, Virginia was formed in 1743 from Spotsylvania County, Virginia. The county was named to honor the Prince of Orange, who in 1734 married Princess Anne, the daughter of King George II.
PEOPLE
Cherokee Indians & the Trail of Tears According to The Cherokee Removal, 1838, by Glen Fleischmann, the forcible removal of approximately 19,000 Cherokee from the Cherokee Nation began on 23 May 1838. At that time the Cherokee Nation encompassed lands in Georgia, Tennessee, Alabama and North Carolina.
Many whites who settled near the Cherokee Nation at that time were of Scottish, Irish and English ancestry. The Cherokee intermarried with those white settlers near the Nation. Indians of such mixed ancestry carried such white surnames as: Shelton, Rogers, Waters, Smith, Richardson, McDonald, and others.
Lt. Edward Deas on 6 Oct 1838, left Ross Landing (now known as Chattanooga, Tennessee) on the Tennessee River. He arrived at Decatur, Alabama on the evening of the 9th. On the morning of the 10th, the Cherokee were boarded onto two trains. The first train arrived a Tuscumbia that afternoon, then continued on to Waterloo, Alabama. The second train arrived latter that evening, unable to continue they camped overnight, leaving the following morning for Waterloo. The two groups were once again reunited at Waterloo and continued aboard steamboat to Paducah, Kentucky. The group arrived at Paducah, Kentucky on 13 Nov 1838 aboard the steamboat, Smelter, with 489 of the original 800 passengers. Those who did not arrive at Paducah were able to escape from custody along the route. The remaining 489 Cherokee, then traveled by caravan to Fort Smith, Indian Territory arriving there between 4 Jan and 25 Mar 1839. The Cherokee Nation ceased to exist as a political entity in 1907, when it was dissolved into the new State of Oklahoma4.
There were three (3) Cherokee Census’ taken. They were taken in 1835, 1846 and in 1851. The 1835 Census was taken prior to the Cherokee removal. The second and third followed their relocation into the Southwest. On 30 Jun 1906, and Act of Congress was passed that provided for partial restitution for the lands that the Indians were forced to leave. Many individuals filed affidavits and Cherokee Indian Applications based upon this congressional act.
Scotch-Irish These individual had ancestors from the Lowlands of Scotland who lived in Northern Ireland before coming to America. These individuals migrated to America, arriving at the port of Philadelphia. Once disembarking they migrated from Pennsylvania into Augusta County, Virginia, where they, together with the Germans, were the first to settle.
Customs, Occupations and Interesting Facts
Marriages Persons who wished to marry by license, after 1660/1661, were required to go to the County Clerk and give bond and sufficient security (usually $150.00), that there was no lawful cause to prevent the marriage. This was due to the inadequate number of available ministers during that period.
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Marriages performed prior to 1781 that were not done under the authority of the Church of England were basically viewed as invalid. Therefore, the children born to marriages prior to 1781, were declared to be “bastards” and to have been “conceived in sin”.
Marriages by “banns” were those in which the parties intending to marry would announce publicly their intentions at three congregational meetings. There were several religious denominations that this custom was prevalent. These marriages were rarely reported to the court authorities.
Occupations
Vestrymen: Vestrymen took care of the poor, the sick, the aged and the orphans in the parish in which they lived. Vestrymen were impowered to “indenture” or bind our orphans, for a term of years to service to members of the parish considered worthy of the trust.
Ordinaries: Several ordinaries were established during 1773 for settlers passing through Southwest area of Virginia. A license was required to establish one of these stopping places in Fincastle Co. 5, Virginia.
CONFLICTS
Revolutionary War
The battles for Independence from England were fought thoughout the colonies. During the war for independence we find several groups of individuals in the colonies:
Whigs - patriots/colonist, those individuals who fought for independence from Great Britain Tories - colonist who were loyal to the crown Loyalist - British troops
During the years 1777-1779, the Commonwealth of Virginia required that persons take an oath of allegiance to the Commonwealth. The names of persons taking the oath were compiled at the time of the taking of the oath. The oath was as follows:
"We whose names are hereunto subscribed do swear or affirm that we renounce and refuse all allegiance to George third King of Great Britain, his heirs successors and that, I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to the Commonwealth of Virginia as a free and independent State and that I will not at anytime do or Cause to be done any matter or thing that will be make known to some one Justice of the Peace for the said State all treasons or traiterous Conspiracies which I now or hereafter shall known to be formed against this or any of the United States of America.6" mong those whose names were recorded following this oath we find:
From Capt. Coxs Company: List of James Robertson - 1777 Andrew Baker Richd. Blankenship Dosswell Rogers Petter Blankenship John Rice Isham Blankenship Liggon Blankenship From Capt. Ozburn's Company William Day Robt. Baker McCorkle's Company Josiah Baker List of John Montgomery - 1777 Joseph Cloyd's Company Francis Day Skidmore Muncee William Rogers Francis Muncee John Rogers Samuel Scott Benjamin Rogers, Jr. Obediah Muncee Joseph Rogers John Scott William Muncee 1778 List Benjamin Rogers Capt. Daniel Triggs' Company Archibald Skaggs
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Charles Skaggs John Skeggs Samuel Lester Zachariah Skaggs John Skaggs (Gourd Head) Henry Skaggs (son of Aaron) Abner Lester Francis Daughterty William Lawson James Skeggs (longman) Moses Skaggs
Men who are mentioned in this material that were in the service of the Colonies during the American Revolution:
James Allen Johann Peter Heyerich, Jr., Major James Allen Nathaniel Hix Jacob Crabtree Abner Lester Thomas Ely Bryan McDonnell, Jr. Thomas, Ely Jr. Samuel Muncy John Ely Skidmore Muncy John England Samuel Muncy, Jr. Andrew England John Phillip Olinger John Flanary (Stophel) John Christopher Olinger Lewis Green, Sr. John Parsons Lewis Green, Jr. Micajah Pennington Johann Peter Hangerer Zachariah Scaggs Peter Hanger, Jr. Zackeriah Seal Jeremiah Harbour Edward 'Edmond' Smyth Peter Heyerich Henry Yeary Sr.