Narration. Description. Reality: the Royal Lion Hunt in Assyria
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Lion Hunting Behaviour and Vegetation Structure in an African Savanna
Lion hunting behaviour and vegetation structure in an African savanna a,* b,c,1 a,2 Scott R. Loarie , Craig J. Tambling , Gregory P. Asner a Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, U.S.A. b Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa c Centre for African Conservation Ecology, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa Emerging evidence suggests that male lions are not dependent on female’s hunting skills but are in fact successful hunters. But difficulty locating kills and objectively characterizing landscapes has complicated the comparison of male and female lion hunting strategies. We used airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) measurements of vegetation structure in Kruger National Park, combined with global positioning system (GPS) telemetry data on lion, Panthera leo, kills to quantify lines-of-sight where lion kills occurred compared with areas where lions rested, while controlling for time of day. We found significant differences in use of vegetation structure by male and female lions during hunts. While male lions killed in landscapes with much shorter lines- of-sight (16.2 m) than those in which they rested, there were no significant differences for female lions. These results were consistent across sizes of prey species. The influence of vegetation structure in shaping predatoreprey interactions is often hypothe-sized, but quantitative evidence has been scarce. Although our sample sizes were limited, our results provide a mechanism, ambush hunting versus social hunting in the open, to explain why hunting success of male lions might equal that of females. -
2008: 137-8, Pl. 32), Who Assigned Gateway XII to the First Building
Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 29 November 2019 Version of attached le: Accepted Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Osborne, J. and Harrison, T. and Batiuk, S. and Welton, L. and Dessel, J.P. and Denel, E. and Demirci, O.¤ (2019) 'Urban built environments of the early 1st millennium BCE : results of the Tayinat Archaeological Project, 2004-2012.', Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research., 382 . pp. 261-312. Further information on publisher's website: https://doi.org/10.1086/705728 Publisher's copyright statement: c 2019 by the American Schools of Oriental Research. Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Durham University Library, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LY, United Kingdom Tel : +44 (0)191 334 3042 | Fax : +44 (0)191 334 2971 https://dro.dur.ac.uk Manuscript Click here to access/download;Manuscript;BASOR_Master_revised.docx URBAN BUILT ENVIRONMENTS OF THE EARLY FIRST MILLENNIUM BCE: RESULTS OF THE TAYINAT ARCHAEOLOGICAL PROJECT, 2004-2012 ABSTRACT The archaeological site of Tell Tayinat in the province of Hatay in southern Turkey was the principal regional center in the Amuq Plain and North Orontes Valley during the Early Bronze and Iron Ages. -
Assyrian Dictionary
oi.uchicago.edu THE ASSYRIAN DICTIONARY OF THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO EDITORIAL BOARD IGNACE J. GELB, THORKILD JACOBSEN, BENNO LANDSBERGER, A. LEO OPPENHEIM 1956 PUBLISHED BY THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE, CHICAGO 37, ILLINOIS, U.S.A. AND J. J. AUGUSTIN VERLAGSBUCHHANDLUNG, GLOCKSTADT, GERMANY oi.uchicago.edu INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER: 0-918986-11-7 (SET: 0-918986-05-2) LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER: 56-58292 ©1956 by THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO ALL RIGHTS RESERVED THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS Fifth Printing 1995 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA COMPOSITION BY J. J. AUGUSTIN, GLUCKSTADT oi.uchicago.edu THE ASSYRIAN DICTIONARY VOLUME 5 G A. LEO OPPENHEIM, EDITOR-IN-CHARGE WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF ERICA REINER AND MICHAEL B. ROWTON RICHARD T. HALLOCK, EDITORIAL SECRETARY oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu Foreword The present volume of the CAD follows in general the pattern established in Vol. 6 (H). Only in minor points such as the organization of the semantic section, and especially in the lay-out of the printed text, have certain simplifications and improvements been introduced which are meant to facilitate the use of the book. On p. 149ff. additions and corrections to Vol. 6 are listed and it is planned to continue this practice in the subsequent volumes of the CAD in order to list new words and important new references, as well as to correct mistakes made in previous volumes. The Supplement Volume will collect and republish alphabetically all that material. The Provisional List of Bibliographical Abbreviations has likewise been brought a jour. -
Report on Lion Conservation, 2016
Report on Lion Conservation with Particular Respect to the Issue of Trophy Hunting AreportpreparedbyProfessor David W. Macdonald CBE, FRSE, DSc⇤ tttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt Director of WildCRU, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford tttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt at the request of Rory Stewart OBE ttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt Under Secretary of State for the Environment tttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt 28 November 2016 ⇤[email protected] Lion Conservation and Trophy Hunting Report Macdonald et al. Contributors TTT This report was prepared with the assistance of members of the Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, of which the core team was Dr Amy Dickman, Dr Andrew Loveridge, Mr Kim Jacobsen, Dr Paul Johnson, Dr Christopher O’Kane and..Dr Byron du Preez, supported by Dr Kristina Kesch and Ms Laura Perry. It benefitted from critical review by: TTTDr Guillaume Chapron TTTDr Peter Lindsey TTTProfessor Craig Packer It also benefitted from helpful input from: TTTDr Hans Bauer TTTProfessor Claudio Sillero TTTDr Christiaan Winterbach TTTProfessor John Vucetich Under the aegis of DEFRA the report -
Halaf Settlement in the Iraqi Kurdistan: the Shahrizor Survey Project
The Archaeology of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and Adjacent Regions Access Open Edited by Konstantinos Kopanias and John MacGinnis Archaeopress Archaeopress Archaeology Copyright Archaeopress and the authors 2016 Archaeopress Publishing Ltd Gordon House 276 Banbury Road Oxford OX2 7ED www.archaeopress.com ISBN 978 1 78491 393 9 ISBN 978 1 78491 394 6 (e-Pdf) © Archaeopress and the authors 2016 Access Cover illustration: Erbil Citadel, photo Jack Pascal Open All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. Archaeopress Printed in England by Holywell Press, Oxford This book is available direct from Archaeopress or from our website www.archaeopress.com Copyright Archaeopress and the authors 2016 Contents List of Figures and Tables ........................................................................................................................iv Authors’ details ..................................................................................................................................... xii Preface ................................................................................................................................................. xvii Archaeological investigations on the Citadel of Erbil: Background, Framework and Results.............. 1 Dara Al Yaqoobi, Abdullah Khorsheed Khader, Sangar Mohammed, Saber Hassan Hussein, Mary Shepperson and John MacGinnis The site -
Art and Imperialism in the Ancient Near East Prof. Marian Feldman, History of Art and Near Eastern Studies, UCB
Art and Imperialism in the Ancient Near East Prof. Marian Feldman, History of Art and Near Eastern Studies, UCB. http://orias.berkeley.edu/summer2010/Summer2010Home.htm Summarized by Timothy Doran Art in the form of figurative imagery and architectural and monumental construction has long played a central role in imperialism. Some of the earliest known empires of the ancient world – namely, the Akkadian, Old Babylonian, Neo-Assyrian, and Achaemenid Persian – communicated a harmonious, hierarchic worldview of authority and order in which the present power structure was portrayed as proper, natural, and beneficial. An imperial vision was shaped by monuments and architecture of each period: the Warka Vase from the Late Uruk period, the Victory Stele of Naram-Sin, the Law Code Stele of Hammurabi, the lion hunt reliefs of Ashurbanipal, and the wall reliefs of the audience hall in the city of Persepolis. The region’s environment constrained the development of power. The Fertile Crescent’s richness allowed civilization in the area, since the transition to agriculture (starting about 10,000 BC) was a difficult process and could only have worked in areas wherein alternatives were available should agriculture fail, such as the nuts, berries, and fish found in the foothills of the Fertile Crescent. But where the rivers squeeze together, near modern Baghdad, is Babylon, and it defines the break between Northern and Southern Mesopotamia. It is Southern Mesopotamia with its large alluvial plain that is considered more typically Mesopotamian. Since there is practically no rainfall in Southern Mesopotamia, rivers are crucial for life. Unlike the Nile, the rivers do not flood in any predictable way or time. -
Interaction of Aramaeans and Assyrians on the Lower Khabur
Syria Archéologie, art et histoire 86 | 2009 Dossier : Interaction entre Assyriens et Araméens Interaction of Aramaeans and Assyrians on the Lower Khabur Hartmut Kühne Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/syria/509 DOI: 10.4000/syria.509 ISSN: 2076-8435 Publisher IFPO - Institut français du Proche-Orient Printed version Date of publication: 1 November 2009 Number of pages: 43-54 ISBN: 9782351591512 ISSN: 0039-7946 Electronic reference Hartmut Kühne, « Interaction of Aramaeans and Assyrians on the Lower Khabur », Syria [Online], 86 | 2009, Online since 01 July 2016, connection on 22 May 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ syria/509 ; DOI : https://doi.org/10.4000/syria.509 © Presses IFPO INTERACTION OF ARAMAEANS AND ASSYRIANS ON THE LOWER KHABUR Hartmut KÜHNE Freie Universität Berlin Résumé – Le modèle centre/périphérie a souvent été utilisé pour expliquer les relations entre Assyriens et Araméens. Il est de plus en plus clair que ce modèle n’est pas apte à rendre compte de l’interaction entre ces deux groupes ethniques. Il convient de se défaire de l’idée de l’influence sur la périphérie et de chercher plutôt les signes des processus d’émulation qui ont lieu entre deux groupes équivalents culturellement et qui s’affrontent dans un territoire sans suprématie politique. Au cours du temps — environ 500 ans, entre 1100 et 600 av. J.-C. —, la situation politique change et avec elle les formes de l’interaction perceptibles au travers des différents traits culturels, illustrés par les objets découverts en fouille. De fait, on doit s’attendre à ce que ces objets reflètent différentes étapes d’émulation et deviennent potentiellement des hybrides, plus ou moins élaborés, ou des transferts plus ou moins profondément modifiés. -
PHRYGIA VE DEMİR DEVRİNDE ANADOLU KAVİMLERİ* Ömer
PHRYGIA VE DEMİR DEVRİNDE ANADOLU KAVİMLERİ* Ömer ÇAPAR Yaklaşık M.Ö. XII. yüzyıl ortalarında Eskidoğu ve Eskibatı kül tür bölgelerinde kendini gösteren yeni tarihsel olaylar, bu zamanda demir mâdeni ve teknolojisinin doğuşu ve gelişimiyle doğrudan bağın tılıdır. Gerçekten, demir teknolojisinin böylece ortaya çıkışı, M.Ö. II. bin yılın bronz teknolojisine dayalı Eskidoğu (Hitit-Mısır-Babil-Mitan- ni) ve Eskibatı (Mykenai-Akha) devletlerinin merkezi-bürokratik ya pılarının sarsılmasını ve yıkılmasını sonuçlarken^ öte yanda Ege havzasının doğusunda ve batısındaki kuvvetler dengesini de parçala mış ve yeni yeni siyasal, sosyal, ekonomik, kültürel değişiklikler doğur muştur. İşte, Eskibatı topraklarından çıkıp Eskidoğu dünyasında -Anar dolu'da- kendilerine yurt arayan, Hint-Avrupai dil ailesine mensup Phryg'ler, eski Anadolu kültürünün oluşumunda önemli rol oynayan kavimlerden biridir. Çevirisini sunduğumuz bu makale, çeşitli açılar dan bu kavim ve kültürünün anlaşılmasında, yazarının gerek Eski doğu gerekse Eskibatı kültür formasyonu bakımından yetkinliğinden dolayı, gerçekten bilgi boşluklarımızı dolduracak niteliktedir. Hitit imparatorluğu M.Ö. 1200 civarında istilacıların ellerinde yıkıntılar içinde çökmüştür; bu istilacılar arasında doğu sınırındaki geleneksel düşmanları Kaşka kavimleri kesin olarak belirtilmiştir. Ülke üzerine bir göçebe sürüsü ya da sürüleri sel gibi akmıştır. Kazılar doğu da, Hitit başkenti Boğazköy'de, Alacahöyük'de ve Alişar'da yangının neden olduğu bir tahrip tabakası açığa çıkarmıştır1. O zamana değin * İngilizce'den çevirisini yaptığımız bu makale, R.D. Barnett, "Phrygia and the Peoples of Anatolia in the Iron Age". Cambridge Ancient History H/30 (1967), Cambridge. s. 1-32 adıyla ayrı basım olarak yayımlanmıştır. 1 Boğazköy (Büyükkale): Bittel, K. — Naumann, R. Boğazköy - Hattuşa: Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen 1931-39 (W.V.D~.O.G. 63). Stuttgart, 1952. -
Communicating Power in the Bīt-Ḫilāni Palace
Communicating Power in the Bīt-Ḫilāni Palace James F. Osborne Department of Near Eastern Studies Johns Hopkins University Gilman Hall 117 3400 North Charles Street Baltimore, MD 21218 [email protected] Little is known about how the Syro-Anatolian kingdoms of the Mediterranean and Near Eastern Iron Age (ca. 1200–720 B.C.E.) operated politically. This paper examines the nature and extent of royal political authority in one such kingdom, the city-state known as Patina, and its capital city of Kunulua. Political power in Patina is studied through space syntax analysis of Kunulua’s bītḫilāni palace, and through interpretation of the iconography that was used to portray palace furniture. Historical inscriptions and works of art made in the neighboring Assyrian Empire, with whom the Syro-Anatolian city-states had a great deal of cultural and political interaction, provide the bulk of our information regarding the visual makeup of the accoutrements within the bītḫilāni. The architectural form of Kunulua’s palace, and the furniture and objects that populated it, are shown to have been conceived together as a coherent and totalizing message empha- sizing the legitimacy and power of the king. introduction the Tigris River to the east, whose capital cities of Nimrud, Khorsabad, and Nineveh provide us with uring the first centuries of the first millennium vivid textual and visual evidence for the interaction B.C.E., the northeast corner of the Mediter of the two cultures (fig. 1). Despite the large amount D ranean Sea was surrounded by a collection of historical information, as well as over a century of of small kingdoms that stretched from southern Cap archaeological excavation in the area, the political padocia to the northern Levant, and from Cilicia to processes that characterized SyroAnatolian mechan the Jazira. -
CONSERVATION FORCE a FORCE for WILDLIFE CONSERVATION the SURPRISING BENEFITS of LION SAFARI HUNTING (Rev
CONSERVATION FORCE A FORCE FOR WILDLIFE CONSERVATION THE SURPRISING BENEFITS OF LION SAFARI HUNTING (Rev. May 29, 2018) Experts agree on the primary threats to African lion: loss of suitable habitat, loss of prey base, and conflict with humans and livestock.i These interrelated threats overlap. They are exacerbated by expanding human populations.ii Few lion still exist without management intervention to contend with these threats. Tourist safari hunting is an important management intervention that greatly counteracts those threats. Tourist safari huntingiii protects and secures the largest share of lion and prey habitat. It underwrites most poaching control, incentivizes rural community tolerance, supports rural livelihoods, and significantly funds management authority operating budgets. It provides these benefits in parts of Southern and Eastern Africa where the most lion continue to exist. The benefitsiv of tourist safari hunting counter the foremost threats to lion. Those benefits overwhelmingly account for the survival of most lion, habitat, and prey as well as the most lion population growth. Safari hunting is essential to maintain lion outside of national park boundaries as well as lion in parks when inevitably ranging beyond park boundaries. Habitat Secured by Tourist Safari Hunting Habitat loss is the “most powerful” threat impacting lion.v “In the face of expanding human and livestock populations, protecting habitat and prey populations is likely the most important single factor in the conservation of lions in Africa.”vi The -
Nahum 2 December 20, 2020 Open with Prayer HOOK: Q: When You
Nahum 2 December 20, 2020 Open with Prayer HOOK: Q: When you perceive people who you feel confident have no regard for God getting ahead in life (and I’ll let you define what “getting ahead” means to you), how do you process that? Where does your mind go? [Let people engage] Transition: Why does the wicked prosper? This question keeps rearing its ugly head, not only in Scripture, but even in our own lives. All of us want to see life to be “fair,” and we want those who live according to God’s commands and principles to be doing better than those who cheat, cut corners, take advantage of the vulnerable, etc. It can be frustrating to focus on those who appear to be getting ahead who have no concern for God or His teachings! If you share this frustration, then today’s study is for you and me!! Let’s begin. BOOK: Nineveh to Fall Nineveh Attacked (The attacker was Nabopolassar, the Babylonian who, with Cyaxeres the Mede, conquered Nineveh.) 2 An attacker advances against you, Nineveh. Guard the fortress, watch the road, brace yourselves, marshal all your strength! 2 The LORD will restore the splendor of Jacob like the splendor of Israel, though destroyers have laid them waste and have ruined their vines. 3 The shields of his soldiers are red; the warriors are clad in scarlet. The metal on the chariots’ flashes on the day they are made ready; the spears of pine are brandished. 4 The chariots storm through the streets, rushing back and forth through the squares. -
Panthera Leo, Lion Errata Version Assessment By: Bauer, H., Packer, C., Funston, P.F., Henschel, P
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ ISSN 2307-8235 (online) IUCN 2008: T15951A115130419 Scope: Global Language: English Panthera leo, Lion Errata version Assessment by: Bauer, H., Packer, C., Funston, P.F., Henschel, P. & Nowell, K. View on www.iucnredlist.org Citation: Bauer, H., Packer, C., Funston, P.F., Henschel, P. & Nowell, K. 2016. Panthera leo. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T15951A115130419. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T15951A107265605.en Copyright: © 2017 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale, reposting or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission from the copyright holder. For further details see Terms of Use. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ is produced and managed by the IUCN Global Species Programme, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) and The IUCN Red List Partnership. The IUCN Red List Partners are: Arizona State University; BirdLife International; Botanic Gardens Conservation International; Conservation International; NatureServe; Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Sapienza University of Rome; Texas A&M University; and Zoological Society of London. If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown in this document, please provide us with feedback so that we can correct or extend the information provided. THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ Taxonomy Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Animalia Chordata Mammalia Carnivora Felidae Taxon Name: Panthera leo (Linnaeus, 1758) Synonym(s): • Felis leo Linnaeus, 1758 Regional Assessments: • Mediterranean Infra-specific Taxa Assessed: • Panthera leo (West Africa subpopulation) • Panthera leo ssp.