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How to Collect Coins a Fun, Useful, and Educational Guide to the Hobby
$4.95 Valuable Tips & Information! LITTLETON’S HOW TO CCOLLECTOLLECT CCOINSOINS ✓ Find the answers to the top 8 questions about coins! ✓ Are there any U.S. coin types you’ve never heard of? ✓ Learn about grading coins! ✓ Expand your coin collecting knowledge! ✓ Keep your coins in the best condition! ✓ Learn all about the different U.S. Mints and mint marks! WELCOME… Dear Collector, Coins reflect the culture and the times in which they were produced, and U.S. coins tell the story of America in a way that no other artifact can. Why? Because they have been used since the nation’s beginnings. Pathfinders and trendsetters – Benjamin Franklin, Robert E. Lee, Teddy Roosevelt, Marilyn Monroe – you, your parents and grandparents have all used coins. When you hold one in your hand, you’re holding a tangible link to the past. David M. Sundman, You can travel back to colonial America LCC President with a large cent, the Civil War with a two-cent piece, or to the beginning of America’s involvement in WWI with a Mercury dime. Every U.S. coin is an enduring legacy from our nation’s past! Have a plan for your collection When many collectors begin, they may want to collect everything, because all different coin types fascinate them. But, after gaining more knowledge and experience, they usually find that it’s good to have a plan and a focus for what they want to collect. Although there are various ways (pages 8 & 9 list a few), building a complete date and mint mark collection (such as Lincoln cents) is considered by many to be the ultimate achievement. -
Middle Byzantine Numismatics in the Light of Franz Füeg's Corpora Of
This is a repository copy of Middle Byzantine Numismatics in the Light of Franz Füeg’s Corpora of Nomismata. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/124522/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Jarrett, J orcid.org/0000-0002-0433-5233 (2018) Middle Byzantine Numismatics in the Light of Franz Füeg’s Corpora of Nomismata. Numismatic Chronicle, 177. pp. 514-535. ISSN 0078-2696 © 2017 The Author. This is an author produced version of a paper accepted for publication in Numismatic Chronicle. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ REVIEW ARTICLE Middle Byzantine Numismatics in the Light of Franz Füeg’s Corpora of Nomismata* JONATHAN JARRETT FRANZ FÜEG, Corpus of the Nomismata from Anastasius II to John I in Constantinople 713–976: Structure of the Issues; Corpus of Coin Finds; Contribution to the Iconographic and Monetary History, trans. -
The Developmentof Early Imperial Dress from the Tetrachs to The
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Birmingham Research Archive, E-theses Repository University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. The Development of Early Imperial Dress from the Tetrarchs to the Herakleian Dynasty General Introduction The emperor, as head of state, was the most important and powerful individual in the land; his official portraits and to a lesser extent those of the empress were depicted throughout the realm. His image occurred most frequently on small items issued by government officials such as coins, market weights, seals, imperial standards, medallions displayed beside new consuls, and even on the inkwells of public officials. As a sign of their loyalty, his portrait sometimes appeared on the patches sown on his supporters’ garments, embossed on their shields and armour or even embellishing their jewelry. Among more expensive forms of art, the emperor’s portrait appeared in illuminated manuscripts, mosaics, and wall paintings such as murals and donor portraits. Several types of statues bore his likeness, including those worshiped as part of the imperial cult, examples erected by public 1 officials, and individual or family groupings placed in buildings, gardens and even harbours at the emperor’s personal expense. -
The Coins and Banknotes of Denmark
The Coins and Banknotes of Denmark Danmarks Nationalbank's building in Copenhagen was designed by the internationally renowned Danish architect Arne Jacobsen and built between 1965-1978 The Coins and Banknotes of Denmark, 2nd edition, August 2005 Text may be copied from this publication provided that This edition closed for contributions in July 2005. Danmarks Nationalbank is specifically stated as the sour- Print: Fr. G. Knudtzon's Bogtrykkeri A/S ce. Changes to or misrepresentation of the content are ISBN 87-87251-55-8 not permitted. For further information about coins and (Online) ISBN 87-87251-56-6 banknotes, please contact: Danmarks Nationalbank, Information Desk Havnegade 5 DK-1093 Copenhagen K Telephone +45 33 63 70 00 (direct) or +45 33 63 63 63 E-mail [email protected] www.nationalbanken.dk 2 Old and new traditions s the central bank of Denmark, Danmarks There are many traditions linked to the appearan- ANationalbank has the sole right to produce ce of banknotes and coins, but the designs are also and issue Danish banknotes and coins. Subject to subject to ongoing renewal and development. For the approval of the Minister for Economic and Bus- instance, the Danish banknote series has been iness Affairs, Danmarks Nationalbank determines upgraded with new security features – holograms the appearance of Danish banknotes and coins and fluorescent colours. The coin series has been and their denominations. supplemented with a tower series and a fairy tale This brochure provides a brief description – in text series, the latter also in silver and gold editions. As and pictures – of the process from the artist's first a consequence of these changes, the time has sketch until the banknotes and coins are put into come to update this publication. -
Coins from the Early Islamic-Period Residential Quarter Northwest of Tel Lod
‘Atiqot 98, 2020 COINS FROM THE EARLY ISLAMIC-PERIOD RESIDENTIAL QUARTER NORTHWEST OF TEL LOD GABRIELA BIJOVSKY A hundred and sixty-three coins were discovered during excavations northwest of Tel Lod (see Haddad, this volume), 85 of them are described in the catalogue below.1 All the coins are bronze, with the exception of two billon dirhams (Nos. 75 and 77), three silver dirhams (Nos. 78, 79 and 81) and a lead Fatimid coin (No. 76). Figure 1 shows the breakdown of the identifiable coins by period. Most of the archaeological remains excavated at the site are dated to the Early Islamic period. Seemingly, the coins dating from the transitional Arab- Byzantine period to the Early Islamic period (Umayyad and Abbasid) constitute the bulk of the numismatic evidence at the site (about 47% of the identifiable coins). Fig. 1. Breakdown of the coins according to periods. 1 The coins were cleaned in the IAA laboratories, under the direction of Lena Kupperschmidt, and were photographed by Clara Amit of the IAA. The Islamic coins were identified by Ariel Berman and Robert Kool. 158 GABRIELA BIJOVSKY Twenty-three coins, 34% of the total identifiable coins, are dated to the fourth and fifth centuries CE. These, together with coin Nos. 1–6, which date from the Seleucid to the Roman periods, are residual and therefore, are not related to any archaeological stratum at the site. Worthy of mention among the early coins is coin No. 5, of Antoninus Pius, minted in Gaza in 154/155 CE. The Late Roman coin types are quite conventional and do not deserve further discussion. -
On Leontius' Origin and Career up Until the Year 481/482*
Piotrkowskie Zeszyty Historyczne, t. 21 (2020), z. 3, s. 9-18 www.ihpt.pl/pzh DOI: 10.25951/4249 Mirosław J. Leszka https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2643-4520 Uniwersytet Łódzki e-mail: [email protected] On Leontius’ Origin and Career up until the Year 481/482* O pochodzeniu Leoncjusza i jego karierze do roku 482 Abstract This article discusses the usurper Leontius’ origin and career up until the year of 481/482. He was most likely born in a family belonging to the circles of provincial aristocracy, which enabled him to receive a good education. As for his ethnicity, contrary to a rather popular scholarly opinion that he was from Isauria, he might just as well have come from Syria (as Theophanes points out directly). Regarding his position as magister militum per Thracias, it seems that he could have held it in the years 478–482 (there is no certainty that he exer- cised this function in 484). He probably had known Illus before 481/482. Abstrakt Artykuł poświęcony jest pochodzeniu i karierze Leoncjusza (do roku 481/482). Urodził się on zapewne w rodzinie należącej do kręgów prowincjo- nalnej arystokracji, co umożliwiło mu odebranie dobrego wykształcenia. Co do pochodzenia etnicznego, to wbrew dość powszechnej w nauce opinii, że po- chodził z Izaurii, trzeba wskazać, że równie dobrze można uznać, że wywodził się z Syrii (o czym bezpośrednio mówi Teofanes). Co do pełnienia przez niego * The research project financed by the National Science Centre, Poland. Decision number: DEC-2018/31/B/HS3/03038. 10 Mirosław J. Leszka stanowiska magister militum per Thracias, to wydaje się, że mógł je sprawować w latach 478–482 (nie ma pewności, że był nim w 484 r.). -
50 State Quarters Lesson Plans, Grades 9 Through 12
5: A World of Money Modern World History CLASS TIME Four 45- to 50-minute sessions OBJECTIVES Students will identify, recognize, and appreciate continuing global traditions related to the creation of national currencies. They will evaluate and analyze the role currency plays in shaping a national or regional identity. They will discuss and predict how regional, cultural, and national identity influences the designers of world currency. NATIONAL STANDARDS The standards used for these lesson plans reference the “10 Thematic Standards in Social Studies” developed by the National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS). • Culture—Students should be able to demonstrate the value of cultural diversity, as well as cohesion, within and across groups. Students should be able to construct reasoned judgments about specific cultural responses to persistent human issues. • Time, Continuity, and Change—Students should be able to investigate, interpret, and analyze multiple historical and contemporary viewpoints within and across cultures related to important events, recurring dilemmas, and persistent issues, while employing empathy, skepticism, and critical judgment. • Individual Development and Identity—Students should be able to articulate personal connections to time, place, and social and cultural systems. • Individuals, Groups, and Institutions—Students should be able to analyze group and institutional influences on people, events, and elements of culture in both historical and contemporary settings. TERMS AND CONCEPTS: • The United States Mint 50 State Quarters® Program • Medium of exchange • Legal tender • Commemorative • Motto • Emblem • Symbolism • Nationalism • Patriotism • Circulating coin • Obverse (front) • Reverse (back) • Bust • Designer PORTIONS © 2004 U.S. MINT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 30 Grades 9 through 12 A World of Money SESSION 1 Materials • Chalkboard or whiteboard • Chalk or markers • Chart paper • Packets of U.S. -
Detail of a Silver Denarius from the Museum Collection, Decorated with the Head of Pax (Or Venus), 36–29 BCE
Detail of a silver denarius from the Museum collection, decorated with the head of Pax (or Venus), 36–29 BCE. PM object 29-126-864. 12 EXPEDITION Volume 60 Number 2 Like a Bad Penny Ancient Numismatics in the Modern World by jane sancinito numismatics (pronounced nu-mis-MAT-ics) is the study of coins, paper money, tokens, and medals. More broadly, numismatists (nu-MIS-ma-tists) explore how money is used: to pay for goods and services or to settle debts. Ancient coins and their contexts—including coins found in archaeological excavations—not only provide us with information about a region’s economy, but also about historical changes throughout a period, the beliefs of a society, important leaders, and artistic and fashion trends. EXPEDITION Fall 2018 13 LIKE A BAD PENNY Modern Problems, Ancient Origins Aegina and Athens were among the earliest Greek cities My change is forty-seven cents, a quarter, two dimes, to adopt coinage (ca. 7th century BCE), and both quickly and two pennies, one of them Canadian. Despite the developed imagery that represented them. Aegina, the steaming tea beside me, the product of a successful island city-state, chose a turtle, while on the mainland, exchange with the barista, I’m cranky, because, strictly Athens put the face of its patron deity, Athena, on the front speaking, I’ve been cheated. Not by much of course, (known as the obverse) and her symbols, the owl and the not enough to complain, but I recognize, albeit belat- olive branch, on the back (the reverse). They even started edly, that the Canadian penny isn’t money, not even in using the first three letters of their city’s name,ΑΘΕ , to Canada, where a few years ago they demonetized their signify: this is ours, we made this, and we stand behind it. -
Money Counts” Badge
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF ST. LOUIS ECONOMIC EDUCATION Girl Scout Daisy Activities to Earn the “Money Counts” Badge Activities Description Through these activities, girls examine U.S. coins, including coin design, value, and color. They differentiate among the coins, learn the obverse and reverse of coins, and play a bingo game reviewing the coins’ features. They examine paper money, learning about different denominations and which famous American’s portrait is on which bill. They play a game where they associate the price of a fun good or service with the appropriate payment. Girl Scout Program Level Daisy Concepts Coin and bill recognition Goods and services Obverse and reverse Spending Objectives Girls will be able to • define and identify the obverse and reverse of coins, • match the portrait on a bill with the denomination, • define and identify goods and services, and • identify the notes or coins needed to pay for specific goods and services. Time Required 30 minutes at two or three troop meetings, depending on the number of activities chosen ©2016, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Permission is granted to reprint or photocopy this lesson in its entirety for educational purposes, provided the user credits the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, www.stlouisfed.org/education. 1 Girl Scout Daisy Activities to Earn the “Money Counts” Badge Materials/Preparation • Handout 1: Coins, one copy, cut out, for each pair of girls (Alternatively, provide each pair of girls with two of each coin [penny, nickel, dime, quarter, and half- dollar]. If you use real coins, you will still need one copy of Handout 1 for each pair of girls but it will not need to be cut out.) Be sure the real coins have the same images as the coins in the activity. -
Byzantine Coinage
BYZANTINE COINAGE Philip Grierson Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection Washington, D.C. © 1999 Dumbarton Oaks Trustees for Harvard University Washington, D.C. All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Second Edition Cover illustrations: Solidus of Justinian II (enlarged 5:1) ISBN 0-88402-274-9 Preface his publication essentially consists of two parts. The first part is a second Tedition of Byzantine Coinage, originally published in 1982 as number 4 in the series Dumbarton Oaks Byzantine Collection Publications. Although the format has been slightly changed, the content is fundamentally the same. The numbering of the illustrations,* however, is sometimes different, and the text has been revised and expanded, largely on the advice and with the help of Cécile Morrisson, who has succeeded me at Dumbarton Oaks as advisor for Byzantine numismatics. Additions complementing this section are tables of val- ues at different periods in the empire’s history, a list of Byzantine emperors, and a glossary. The second part of the publication reproduces, in an updated and slightly shorter form, a note contributed in 1993 to the International Numismatic Commission as one of a series of articles in the commission’s Compte-rendus sketching the histories of the great coin cabinets of the world. Its appearance in such a series explains why it is written in the third person and not in the first. It is a condensation of a much longer unpublished typescript, produced for the Coin Room at Dumbarton Oaks, describing the formation of the collection and its publication. * The coins illustrated are in the Dumbarton Oaks and Whittemore collections and are re- produced actual size unless otherwise indicated. -
THE WORLD of COINS an Introduction to Numismatics
THE WORLD OF COINS An Introduction to Numismatics Jeff Garrett Table of Contents The World of Coins .................................................... Page 1 The Many Ways to Collect Coins .............................. Page 4 Series Collecting ........................................................ Page 6 Type Collecting .......................................................... Page 8 U.S. Proof Sets and Mint Sets .................................... Page 10 Commemorative Coins .............................................. Page 16 Colonial Coins ........................................................... Page 20 Pioneer Gold Coins .................................................... Page 22 Pattern Coins .............................................................. Page 24 Modern Coins (Including Proofs) .............................. Page 26 Silver Eagles .............................................................. Page 28 Ancient Coins ............................................................. Page 30 World Coins ............................................................... Page 32 Currency ..................................................................... Page 34 Pedigree and Provenance ........................................... Page 40 The Rewards and Risks of Collecting Coins ............. Page 44 The Importance of Authenticity and Grade ............... Page 46 National Numismatic Collection ................................ Page 50 Conclusion ................................................................. Page -
The Gender of Money: Byzantine Empresses on Coins (324–802)’ Gender & History, Vol.12 No
Gender & History ISSN 0953–5233 Leslie Brubaker and Helen Tobler, ‘The Gender of Money: Byzantine Empresses on Coins (324–802)’ Gender & History, Vol.12 No. 3 November 2000, pp. 572–594. The Gender of Money: Byzantine Empresses on Coins (324–802) Leslie Brubaker and Helen Tobler Coins played different roles in the ancient and medieval worlds from those that they play in the economy today. In the late antique and early Byzantine world – that is, roughly between 300 and 800 – there were in a sense two currencies: gold coins and base metal (copper) coins. Both were minted and distributed by the state, but the gold solidi (in Latin) or nomismata (in Greek), introduced in 309, were by the end of the fifth century in practice used above all for the payment of tax and for major transactions such as land sales, while the copper coins (nummi, replaced in 498 by folles) were broadly the currency of market transactions.1 Another striking difference is that late antique and Byzantine coin types changed with great frequency: as an extreme example, Maria Alföldi catalogued over seven hundred different types for a single emperor, Constantine I the Great (306–37, sole ruler from 324).2 There are many reasons for this, but one of the most import- ant has to do with communication: centuries before the advent of the press, images on coins were a means to circulate information about the state. This is particularly true of the first three and a half centuries covered by this article. While the extent to which coins were used in daily exchange transactions is still uncertain, and was very variable, the frequency with which they appear in archaeological excavations of urban sites throughout the former eastern Roman empire until 658 indicates their wide diffusion.