INDUSTRIAUZATION in WESTERN Uttar PRADESH
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REGIONAL PATTERNS OF AGRO - INDUSTRIAUZATION IN WESTERN UTtAR PRADESH SVBUITTBD FOX THB DIXKBE OF MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY IN GEOGRAPHY BY ANIL KUMAR Uader the tupervUion of Dz. Abdul Munir DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY AUGARH MUSLIM VNIVERSITY AUGARH (INDIA) DS2231 Phone : 5661 tmmmBfft OF GEOGRAPHY kJtSMm MUSUM UNIVERSITY X£RlAltU«t CERTIFICATE This is to certify that Mr. Anil Kumar has comoleted his dissertation entitled "REGIONAL PATTERNS OF AGRO-INDUSTRIALIZATION IN UESTBRN UTTAR PRAPES/r for the award of the M. Phil, degree under mv Suoervision. < Dr.-ffSSu'. -iSBSull MMuniu r > Reader Date : J^. \'^2. C U N 1 E N r S Page No. ACKNOWLEUGEMHNT LIST OF FIGURES i LIST OF TABLES ii LIST OF APPENDIJCES iii CHAPTER- I 1NTRODUCTI ON StatB/^or the probiem 3 Furpose of the Study lO The study area. 13 CHAPTER-I I CONCEPTUAL AND METHODULUGICAL FRAMEWORK The aero-industries 45 Rational of industrialization bO Aericulture and industrialization 63 The data b/ The mapping and procedure 66 CHAPTER-111 A REVIEW OF THE AVAILABLE LITERATURE 74 CHAPTER-IV PATTERNS OF AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES Patterns of aericul tural infrastructure Hti Patterns of aericultura1 output 97 Patterns of aericultural surplus lOb CHAPTER-V PATTERNS OF INDUSTRIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 113 Market 117 Capital 126 Transport and communication 126 Power 143 CHAPTER-VI REGIONAL PATTERNS OF AGRU-INDUSTR1ALISAT I UN Aero-industrial structure 130 Existine Patterns of aero-industria1izationl VB Industrial development-the potentiaI lyo CHAPTER-VI I CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDICES ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 1 bow to God- the Alimlghtv who bestowed me with understanding and learning and who brougt me out ot" ignorance and i11teracv. K Qw mv sincere thanks to mv respected teacher and supervisor Dr. Abdul Munir. Reader. Deoartment of Geograohv A.M.U. Aligarh. who inspite ot his various engagements. showed his keen interest in completing the present study. i am thankful to him for his guidance, encouragement and inspiration without which the present work could have not been completed. 1 shall ever remain indebted to Frof, M.F. Siddique. Chairman. Department of Geography. A.M.U. Aligarh. Prof. M. Shafi. Prof. M. Raza. Prof. A. Aziz, Prof. K.Z. Amani and Prof. (Mrs.) A.L. Singh, for their educational guidence and cooperation. It gives me immense pleasure in expressing my profound sense of gratitude to Dr. D.S. Rawat. Former Chairman. Department of Geography. H.F. University. Shimla. who has always been a source of inspiration in my academic pursuits. I would be railing in my duties if 1 don't put on record my deecest sense of gratitude to my parents, brothers and sisters. esoecially my uncIe 1 i. who conferred an ilimitable love and affection on me all throughout my academic career, Mv special thanks are due to my senior senior research fellows esoecially Mr. Jabir Hasan, Mr. Akhtar Keyaz and Mr. Naushad Ali. and friends Amit, Sirai, Naresh, Shansuzama. Mashi Alam, Wasi ullah. Zafar. NadeemlHani) and Miss Anium. for their active help and cooperation. To all of these and to many others. 1 owe to deep measure of gratitudes. Mv thanks are also due to the staff members of Deott. oi Geop. and Directors of District Industries Centre and Insoector or Factories. Muzaffarnagar who helped me in making relevant material available on the subject. I offer my most sincere gratefulness to Dr. Tufal1 Mr. Ishtiaq, Mr. Asim Ali. and especially Mohd. Fazal of Aligarh Computer Center who took pain in processing the manuscript excellently. Finally. 1 wish to thank those geograp, whose work 1 have drawn ideas and facts. l/IIMAD I LIST OF FIGURES S.NO. TITLE FOLLOWING PAGE 1.1 AN ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR AN AGRO-INDUSTRIAL ECONOMY. 6 1.2 WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS. 16 1.3 WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH RELIES AND SLOPE. 18 1.4 WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH DRAINAGE. 24 1.5 WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH ANNUAL TEMPERATURE. 27 1.6 WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH RAINFALL. .30 1.7 WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH SOILS. 34 1.8 INTRODUCTORY MAP OF MUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. 40 4.1 PATTERN^ OF AGRICULTURAL INFRASTRUCTURE. 1989. 97 4.2 SPATIAL CONCENTRATIONOF CROP OUTPUT, 1988-89. 98 4.3 SPATIAL CONCENTRATION OF CROP OUTPUT, 1988-89. 101 4.4 SURPLUS ZONES OF CEREAL AND CASH CROPS, 1989. 106 5.1A SIZE OF MARKET BASED ON POPULATION. 121 5.IB MARKET AND THEIR FIELD OF INFLUENCE. 121 5.2A EVALUATION OF TRANSPORTATION NETWORK. 137 5.2B RELATIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF ROUTES AS INDICATED BY 137 BUS AND PASSENGERS TRAINS TRAFFIC, 1988. 5.3A DENSITY OF SURFACED ROADS. 1989 140 (KMS OF SURFACED ROADS PER 1,00, 000 POPULATION). 5.3B (KMS OF SURFACED ROAD PER 1,000 KMS ). 140 5.4 AVAILABILITY OF BASIC INFRASTURCTURAL AMENITIES. 143 5.5 POWER LINES. 146 5.6 RURAL ELECTRIFICATION, (1989). 143 6.1 AGRO-INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE OF MUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT, 1989. IBl 6.2 SUGARCANE INDUSTRIAL ZONE. 153 6.3 LOCAT ON OF AGRO-INDUSTRIES. 1989. 164 6.4 PATTERNS OF AGRO-INDUSTRIALIZATI ON AS INDICATED BY THE NUMBER OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL UNIT, 1989. 176 6.5 PATTERNS OF AGRO-INDUSTRlALIZATI ON AS INDICATED BY THE AGRO INDUSTRIAL LABOUR. 1989. 178 6.6 PATTERNS OF AGRO-INDUSTRIALIZATION AS INDICATED BY THE AMOUNT OF FIXED CAPITAL, 1989» 180 6.7 LEVELS OF HGRO-INDUSTRIALISATION, 1989. 182 LIST OF TABLES S.NU. TITLE FOLLOWING PAGE 1.0 LAND USE PATTERNS OF WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH. 17 4.1 Z-SCORE VALUES OF TOTAL AGRICULTURAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN BLOCKS OF HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. Ub 4.2 MAJOR CROPS/GROUPS OF CROPS. HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. 99 4.3 BLOCKWISE OUTPUT OF FOODGRAIN CROPS, HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. 101 4.4 BLOCKWISF OUTPUT OF INDUSTRlAL/COHHERClAL CROPS, HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. 103 4.5 BLOCKWISE SURPLUS OF CEREAL CROPS. HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. 110 4.6 BLOCKWISE URPLUS OF CASH-CROPS. HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. Ill 5.1 GRADES OF HARKET CENTRES OF HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. 120 5.2 HARKET GRADES ACCORDING THEIR FIELD OF INFLUENCE IN HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. 123 5.3 NUHBER OF NATIONALISED. NON-NON-NATIONALISED, RURAL BANKS. LAND-DEVELOPHENT BANKS IN THE DISTRICT, HUZAFFARNAGAR (URBAN SECTOR). 12ti 5.4 BLOCKWISE DISTRIBUTION OF COHHERCIAL BANKS IN THE DISTRICT (RURAL SECTOR). 129 5.5 ROAD AND RAILROAD LENGTH IN HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. 138 5.6 BLOCKWISE DENSITY OF HETALLED ROADS IN THE DISTRICT. HUZAFFARNAGAR. 1989. 140 5.7 BLOCKWISE DISTRIBUTION OF BASIC INFRASTRUCTURAL AMENITIES IN THE VILLAGES OF THE DISTRICT HUZAFFARNAGAR. 142 5.8 BLOCKWISE DISTRIBUTION OF BIO-GAS PLANTS. 144 5.9 CONSUHPTION PATTERN OF ELECTRICITY IN HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT 14S 5.10 BLOCKWISE PERCENTAGE OF ELECTRIFIED VILLAGES OF HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. 147 6.1 TYPES OF AGRO-INDUSTRIES IN HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. 151 6.2 AGRO-INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE OF HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. 1989. 153 6.3 BLOCKWISE ENGAGED LABOUR IN AGRO-1NDUSTRlES IN HUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. 168 6.4 THE NUMBER OF AGRO-INDUSTRlAL UNITS. 1989. 176 6.5 LABOUR SIZE OF AGRO-INDUSTRIES. 1989. 177 6.6 CAPITAL INVESTHENT OF AGRO-INDUSTRIES. 1989. 179 6.7 LEVELS OF AGRO-INDUSTRIALISATION, 1989. 183 LIST OF APPENDIXES S.NO. TITLE 4.1 Z-SCORE VALUES OF AGRICULTURAL INFRASTRUCTURE IN MUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. 5.1 BLOCKUISE DISTRIBUTION OF MARKETS. 5.2 PASSENGER VEHICULAR TRAFFIC FLOW IN MUZAFFARNAGAR DISTRICT. GHftPTER - 1 INTRODUCTION India has been an agrarian country sines down of millennia. But It is only during mid-seventies that . for the first time, witnessed great achivements in agricultural sector. Prior to that this mainstay of life was not in good shape. Traditional methods of agriculture yielded only limited agricultural production. as a result he had to depend even for foodgralns on the imported food-stuffs till Mid-seventies. Agriculture faced, as it still faces today a host of socio-economic and administrative problems. The size of holding has been uneconomic disallowing the modern methods of cultivation. Green-Revolution has. however. started yielding results and India is now self-sufficient is foodgrains.Si nee mid-seventies the production of foodgrains has touched the figure of 178 million tones for the current year. This is the result of advancement in agricultural research and extension and also of the increased awakening of farmers and peasents to adopt modern technology in agriculture. India has reached that stage of economic develop ment where agricultural sector, demonstrate signs of advancement and from where further advancement considerably dependents on cheap and massive agricultural inputs. The economic development is not uniform throughout the country however. India has been an agrarian country since down of millennia. But it is only during mid-seventies that . for the first time, witnessed great achivements in agricultural sector. Prior to that this mainstay of life was not in good shape. Traditional methods of agriculture yielded only limited agricultural production. as a result he had to depend even for foodgrains on the Imported food-stuffs till Mid-seventies. Agriculture faced, as it still faces today a host of socio-economic and administrative problems. The size of holding has been uneconomic disallowing the modern methods of cultivation. Green-Revolution has. however. started yielding results and India is now self-sufficient is foodgrains.Si nee mid-seventies the production of foodgrains has touched the figure of 178 million tones for the current year. This is the result of advancement in agricultural research and extension and also of the increased awal:enlng of farmers and peasents to adopt modern technology in agriculture. India has reached that stage of economic develop ment where agricultural sector. demonstrate signs of advancement and from where further advancement considerably dependents on cheap and massive agricultural inputs. The economic development is not uniform throughout the country however. It is widely felt now that industrialisation is extremaly important for India's economic growth. There are proved reasons to be belived that unlike agriculture. industry has tremendous potential of increasing production.