Local Authorities along the Channel coastline: What actions and what resources to tackle the risk of accidental maritime pollution?

SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS

FéCAMP (Haute-Normandie, France) - 28 JANUARY 2011

Franco-Bristish seminar organised by the CAMIS project and the Channel Arc Manche Assembly in partnership with VIGIPOL and the «Conservatoire du Littoral». Sommaire and intheUnitedKingdom The roleoflocalauthorities inFrance and intheUnitedKingdom The roleofthenationalGovernementinFrance and oflocalauthorities The respectiverolesofthenationalGovernment The specificitiesoftheDoverStrait The perceptionofmaritimeriskintheUnitedKingdom Maritime pollution–aEuropeanconcern? Openigspeech Welcome adress ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ in theEnglishChannelsince1960s Shipping and pollution incidents Shipping andpollutionincidents The EnglishChannel:anareaofmaritimerisk Element offramework Opening Session ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Bryan Curtis, Annie Mobuchon,FirstDeputytothe Mayor ofPaimpol...... Government OfficefortheEasternChannelandNorthSea...... Jean-Yves Brehmer, Projectmanagerandexpert“P OLMAR Terre”, Interregional and theNorthSea...... Jérémy Drisch,Sub-Lieutenant(FrenchNavy),MaritimePrefecturefortheChann el Channel andtheNorthSea...... Laurent Courcol,DirectoroftheInterregionalgovernmentOfficeforEastern responsible formaritimeaffairs...... Wulfran Despicht,Vice-President oftheNord-Pas-de-CalaisRegionalCouncil, Sophie Bahe, ProjectmanageronPreparednessandCrisis Management, Vigipol..... Iain Shepherd,ChairmanofMarineSouthEastLtd...... Estelle Grelier, PresidentoftheFécampGroupingCommunes. European affairsandInterregionalCooperation Dominique Gambier, MemberoftheHaute-NormandieRegionalCouncilincharge Patrick JEANN,MayorofFécamp...... Adur andWorthing Councils......

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18 16 15 14 13 12 7 5 4 3 3 ❚ Openigspeech A Interventionsfromtheaudience Actions ledbyVigipol Network” The “MaritimePollutionandCoastlineoperational What toolstouse? How toprepareformanagingmaritimepollution? Roundtable2 The needforcoordinationfromFrenchlocal authorities A coordinated approachfromBritishlocalauthorities ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Local experiencesandlessonsforthefuture When pollutionreachesthecoast… Roundtable1 Learning frompastincidents Morning’sconclusions List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ nnexes Jean Even,FormerMayorofPloulec’h(Côtes-d’Armor). Bruno Thenail,CAMISProjectCo-ordinator, Haute-NormandieRegion. of theChannel Arc Manche ...... Assembly Alain LeVern, PresidentoftheHaute-NormandieRegionand Lannion Trégor ”Agglomération”...... Joël LeJeune,PresidentofVigipol, MayorofTrédrez-Locquémeau, Presidentof Normandie Delegationofthe“ConservatoireduLittoral”...... Stéphane Renard,HeadoftheeritageManagementDepartment, Bryan Curtis, Bernard Cabon,FormerMayorofGuimaëc(Finistère)...... Stephen O’Rourke,DevonCountyCouncil. and EnvironmentalCouncil...... Christian Fougeray, MemberoftheBasse-Normandie Regional Economic,Social, Social, andEnvironmentalCouncil...... Annick Benoît,Vice-President oftheHaute-NormandieRegionalEconomic, Association’s CoastalIssuesSpecialnterestGroup. Stephen O’Rourke,DevonCountyCouncilandrepresentingtheLocalGovernment ...... Adur andWorthing Councils......

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20 28 26 39 38 21 31 29 25 23 33 35 35 36 2 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 will befruitful–ofthatIamcertain. You haveimportantworktodo,which must worktogethertoimproveallofthis. risks andperilsarealwayspresent.We tion ofourcoastlineispriority, since with confidence.Nonetheless,theprotec- tence. town isbeginninganewphaseinitsexis- Thanks tonewrenewableenergies,the from thesea,inparticularthroughfishing. Fécamp hasalwaysdrawngreatriches a large-scaleseawindfarmoff Fécamp. news, becausewewillbethesettingfor this morning.Fécampisinthenational It iswithgreatpleasurethatIwelcomeyou ❚ ❚ Mayor ofFécamp Patrick JEANN, his enables us to look to the future This enablesustolookthefuture Welcome address

Opening session regions andtheCAMISProject organizes annualmeetingsbetweenthe Channel Arc Manche Assembly Channel Arc T his meetingispartoftwoinitiatives:the Manche Integrated Strategy). 2/ Cf Annex 2– 1/ CF Annex 1- ❚ English regions. is beingdevelopedbetweenFrenchand of trafficaswelltheco-operationthat level, givenitsparticularfeaturesinterms gnised asaspecificareaattheEuropean We wanttohavetheChannelareareco- pean integratedmaritimepolicy. ber ofyearsonthedefinitionaEuro- of debatesthathavebeenheldforanum- This meetingalsocomeswithinthecontext in theChannelarea. address thequestionofmaritimepollution nomy ofsmallcoastaltowns,etc.,weshall topics suchasclimatechange,theeco- Following onfrommeetingsvarious across theChannelarea. trying todevelopanintegratedstrategy ❚ Interregional Cooperation of Europeanaffairsand Regional Councilincharge Member oftheHaute-Normandie Dominique GAMBIER, The CAMISproject(Channel Arc The Arc Manche. Openig speech

2 1 , which is , whichis which which

manage thesituation. occurred, andthetoolsthattheyusedto local officialswhenmaritimepollutionhas covering, respectively, theexperienceof exchanges bymeansoftworoundtables A secondphasewillbegivenoverto „ „ the currentsituationwillbegivenon: T „ „ „ The aimsofthismeetingareto: o being with, a two-pronged summary of o beingwith,atwo-prongedsummaryof „ „ „ „ „ selves todealwiththesituation. their responsibilitiesandorganisethem- so thatallthoseinvolvedcanassess the varietyofcompetencesinthatfield, to traffic the sizeofrisksandchallengesrelating face uptothoserisks. tion withintheChannel Arc Assembly to open upasharedprocessofconsidera- ties ofvariousinstitutionsinthisfield provide informationontheresponsibili- maritime pollutionrisks raise awarenessofchallengesposedby 3 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 resources for the purposes of inspection. resources forthe purposesofinspection. each countryhad tosetupnewbodiesand greater levelsofresponsibility, andthat means thatthoseinvolvedhad toassume the monitoringofinspectionchains. strengthen thecertificationof vessels and the sinkingofErika. been putinplaceandadapted following safety andpollutionpreventionhave European packagesrelatingtomaritime ration. resources totakethatpolicyintoconside- we hadnotequippedourselveswiththe approach hadbeenbasedontheory, and be takenintoconsideration.Untilthen,the mentalities andformaritimeconcernsto disaster in1999calledoutforachange of implementingresources. for improvement,particularlyinrespect the EuropeanUnion,butthereisstillroom Maritime pollutionispartoftheconcerns the EuropeanUnion. present, andwewishtodevelopitwithin all thecountrieswithamaritimefaçadeare that isclosetothem.Representativesfrom who haveacommoninterestinsubject between MEPsofallpoliticaltendencies level enablesconnectionstobemade environment. An inter-groupatEuropean on thesea,whilstremainingwithinasafe in whichdifferent useslive sideby The aimofthegroupistolookatway with thechairperson,CorinneLEPAGE. Areas”, ofwhichIamafoundertogether an inter-groupcalled“SeasandCoastal At Europeanlevel,Iamamemberof a Europeanconcern? Maritime pollution– ❚ ❚ President oftheFécampGroupingCommunes Estelle GRELIER, he Erika 1, Erika 2, and Erika 3 The Erika1,2,and3

he aim was to The aimwasto he Erika The Erika his This

„ „ „ The newmeasuresinclude: „ „ „ of thefinalErika3packagewere: been adoptedbyFrance. tion datesfrom April 2009,andhasjust The finalstrandofthatEuropeanlegisla- border surveillance. mal vesselmovementsareidentified. The area withaperimeterof400 km,allabnor - I2C (“Eye-to-”)toensurethat inan mission isalreadytakingpartin financing 4/ i.e.Europeanexternal borderSurveillancesystem. 3/ i.e.InternationalLabour Organization. the EUROSR which inthefuturewillbeequippedwith the EuropeanMaritimeSafety Agency, The provisionsalsoaddtotheweightof „ „ „ „ „ „ implementing theILO traffic; setting upglobalmonitoringofmaritime damage; to carryinsuranceagainstenvironmental companies andvesselsbeingrequired at EuropeanUnionports,withshipping setting upchecksforallvesselsthatcall ship. improving livingconditionsonboard vessels andformaritimenavigation; strengthening thesafetyframeworkfor environmental protection; conditions onboardship. the world)decentlivingandworking of thesea”(1.2millionseafarersaround Convention, guaranteeing“thepeople 4 system of land and sea systemoflandandsea The EuropeanCom- 3 Maritime Labour MaritimeLabour he three aims The threeaims by Mr. Cameronwastoindicatethat the Kingdom. One of thefirstmeasurestaken tool financedbyFranceandthe United heavy threats.ItisaChannel traffic safety high ,aunilateraldecision thatposed co-operation withregardtotowing onthe sion toBritishdisengagement from existing lacking. IalertedtheEuropean Commis- – onceagain,budgetaryresourcesare with regardtotakingsafetyintoaccount integrated strategyforthe Atlantic region ambitions. Ihavealsoamendedthedraft not havethefinancialresourcestofulfilits policy, expressingmyregretthatitdoes Meissner Reportonintegratedmaritime policy. Forexample,Ihaveamendedthe additional resourcesinrespectofthat worthy ofthename.We mustbegiven in financinganintegratedmaritimepolicy the Lisbon Treaty –leadingtoadifficulty greater competence–inthecontextof many Stateswanttoseeitreduced,with Union budgetisseverelyconstrained; to matchitsambitions. lution, itdoesnothavetheresources lead onthosemattersofmaritimepol- If Europepresentsitselfasbeinginthe insufficient, inparticularcontrolmeans. since financialandhumanresourcesare legislation isambitious,butalittlevirtual, ferences remain. In spiteofthoseadvances,somedif- fleets, leadingtogreatersafetyatsea. arrangements forthemodernisationof in thosetopics.Finally, wehavefinancial European Unionisstronglyinterventionist he new European The newEuropean he European The European  sufficient financialresources. policy willbesuccessfulifweequip itwith every debatetobudgetquestions, that responsibilities. Withoutwishing toreduce but equallyStatesmustassume theirown pean policy, particularlythroughlegislation, We canalwaysnurturethehopeofaEuro- its trafficrise. which thatmotorwayoftheseaisseeing and alsobecauseweareinacontext Olympic GamesbeingheldinLondon, Channel trafficwillincreaseduetothe number ofreasons,particularlybecause inter-group requestedmonitoringfora Accordingly, the“SeaandCoastal Areas” putting inplaceresourcestomakeitsafe. heavily usedmotorwaysoftheseawithout of theChannelbeingonemost topic toitself,becauseonecannotboast port CommissionerKallas,willreferthe alerted bythatinformationfrom The “SeaandCoastal Areas” Inter-group, the aimsofEuropeanUnion. resources allocatedwerecompliantwith Commission wastomakesurethatthe safety andthattheroleofEuropean sovereign intheorganisationofmaritime confirmed methattheStateremained themselves. but inaddition,Statesaredisengaging not haveresourcestomatchitsambitions, Thus, notonlydoestheEuropeanUnion United Kingdomwasdisengagingfromit. he European Commission The EuropeanCommission T rans- 4 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 but when an aircraft crash happens, the but whenanaircraft crashhappens,the with anothership, itisthecaptain’serror, have theperceptionthatifaship collides aground. ButinEuropealotof people day actuallyintendingtocollide orrun from themarinesectorgoesto workany and Icansayasamariner, thatnobody Collisions unfortunatelyhappen toooften vessels isquiteanimportantpoint. problems andperhapsrenewingthese older vesselspresentmostofthepollution that weneedtotargetbecausethese didn’t cometofruitionbutthatisanarea scrappage scheme.Unfortunatelythat the industryafewyearsagotogetship is verysignificant. Therewasapushby 20 years oldorolderandactually, that operating purelywithintheEUwatersare it isrighttopointoutthat65%ofships GRELIER mentionedageingships,and all operatinginthemaritimesector. Ms. companies intheSouthEastofEngland, We haveabout2.5thousand member gone butweremainanindependentbody. vernment untilrecentlywhenfundinghas England andweweresupportedbygo- marine clusterbasedintheSouthEastof I alsochairMarineSouthEast,whichisa a smalldefencemanufacturingcompany. also workedinshipbuildingandnowrun consultant totheprisonshipproject.Ihave sea explorationandasanindependent sector, inoil&gasindustryonunder- for 22years.Ihaveworkedintheport some 37yearsandwasintheRoyalNavy I haveworkedinthemaritimeindustryfor in theUnitedKingdom The perceptionofmaritimerisk ❚ ❚ Chairman ofMarineSouthEastLtd Iain SHEPHERD, mariners, the leisure marine people. In the mariners, theleisure marinepeople.Inthe also needtoeducate thenon-professional maintain anextremelyhighstandard. We seafarer andweshouldexpect themto tion ofcollisions”atseaarea bible forany The internationalregulationsfor “preven- rules. and weshouldn’ttoleratepeoplebreaking traffic lanesonseparationschemessetup straits areextremelybusy. We dohave rance totrafficlanesinfringements. The standards up.We shouldhavezerotole- be workingwiththesecountriestobring are notthathighasinEurope.We should pean zoneandsometimesthestandards other countriestradingwithintheEuro- the case.Butwehaveshipscomingfrom shipping company, andgenerallythat’s them. Now, it’spossible,ifaEuropean a safeplaceforthecrewswhoworkon pollution riskandmoreoverthattheyare for sea,safe,andthattheydon’tprovidea make surethattheyarefitforpurpose, have shipcomingtoourharbourswecan is oneofthethingswecandowhen ment particularlyPortStateControl. Risk reductionisimportantasenforce- have themandwetodealwiththis. human failures.Ships,likeanythingelse, groundings occurthroughmechanicaland not treatthecrewascriminals.Collisions, dents happenandtrytodealwiththembut abilities andtrytounderstandwhyacci- and wehavetorespecttheirprofessional professional peopleworkextremelyhard captain isahero. That isaproblem.

his This he The towing vessels that there is not one but 3 towing vessels that thereisnotonebut3 It wasmentioned aboutouremergency you willhaveadeterioratingsituation. If youallowasecondaryincident tooccur to preventeventuallyasecondary incident. it andyouhavegottomanage theincident breaking upyouhavetodosomething with response wasquitepoor. Ifavesselis of it.Inrealityitappearsthattheirinitial a longtimebeforetheyknowtheextent pollution hascostyet,anditisgoingtobe really don’tknowhowmuchdamagethat of theBP oilrigprobleminthegulf,they that wecanrespond.IfItaketheexample how quicklywecanrespond,think incident, thekeythingishowwerespond, we havesysteminplace.Whenthereisan control communicationsandensurethat how wemanagethesituation, Whatever wedotheimportantissueis which hasfailures?Canweanchorit? that. Butwhatwecandowithavessel failure, somehowwe’vegottodealwith ring failure,steeringanyformof Vessels dohavepowerfailureorenginee- understand that. but mostyachtsmendon’tnecessarily if itisatthewrongplacetime important, becauseasmallyachtiscrisis education fromanearlystageisquite ciation isverygoodbutencouragingan education bytheRoyal Yachting Asso- is thecaseinmanypartsofEurope. An and claimthatheisayachtsmanlikeit UK forexample,anyonecanbuyaboat bines 3 MW within each, in 4 years that bines 3MWwithin each,in4yearsthat turbine farmwhich isanareaof100 tur- we openedwhatistheworldlargest wind energy production.InSeptember lastyear to meetEuropeantargetsforrenewable phenomenal ratebetweennow and2020 we arebuildingOffshore WindFarmsata is beingexaminedatthemoment. Infact, insurance policy. government fundingbutwewillneedan could beaverydifferent modelfromthe vessels serviceavailableintheUK.It we wouldliketoseesomeformoftowing some commercialwayarounditbecause agree withthis,wemaybelookingat sels (insertionphoto). wind turbinefarmstosupporttowingves- these inotherways,alevyontheoffshore we arelookingatsayinghowcanfund disappear. Fromanindustrypointofview, that fromthefirstofSeptember, theywill government hasmadetheannouncement the industryinUKislookingat. rance. Sotherearesomeissuesherethat mean Iwouldstoppayinghouseinsu- hasn’t burntdownyetbutthatdoesn’t T about 40millioneurosoverseveralyears. simply beacostandtheyexpecttosave wing vesselsarefeltbythegovernmentto favourable. But,Iseetheemergencyto- response toETVdecommissioningisnot used commercialtowing,andtheindustry the UKculture.Inpast,wegenerally have thesecoastguardvessels;itisnotin around theUK.Istillcan’tbelievethatwe o me it is like house insurance. My house o meitislikehouseinsurance.My hat commercial option That commercialoption he industry doesn’t The industrydoesn’t he The 5 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 will bethe7 in theUnitedKingdom The perceptionofmaritimerisk ❚ colliding… We needtolookatthisconcen - the riskisnotjust aboutpollution,tankers ment isgoingtobeakeyinthe future.So ming morecomplexandspatial manage- Basically thewholeseaindustry isbeco- per watersotherewillbeinstallations. they willbeextractingindeeper anddee- already extractaggregatesaswell,but regarding theChannel,UKandFrance place inLaRéunionorSouth Africa. But, price. Someimportantoperationstake minerals areinChinawhichcontrolsthe mineral extraction.Mostoftherareearth Another importantactivityisminingand we manageourseasgoingforwards. Understanding thisisakeytoknowhow that farmforasignificantperiodoftime. collides withthatyoulosethecapacityof the weakestpointbecausewhenavessel be transferredtoshore. bines isthattheenergyproducedhasto thing inawindturbinefarmunitof200 tur- about damagetoinfrastructureandthekey controls. Itisnotjustaboutpollutionit’s tand therisksinordertomakesensible val. We havetoprotectthat andunders- at sea.So,theseaiskeytooursurvi- generating energyanditisallhappening minals offshore, windfarms, …Soweare we aregoingtobuildliquefactionplant,ter- minute of300tonspassingthroughand shipping areawithabout3shipsevery The Channelisaverybusyanddense the UK. ❚ Président deMarineSouthEastLtd Iain SHEPHERD, th largestwindturbinefarmoff

he sub-station is The sub-stationis of itaswemovethroughthe21 estate. We aregoingtomake moreuse is anewbusinesspark,industrial because itcancauseproblems. tration ofactivities,particularlyinharbours, „ something thatwehavetomanage. as weneverdonebeforeandthereforeit’s „ The tug Anglian Monarch,co-charteredbythe FrenchandBritishgovernments.

st he ocean The ocean century century 6 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 Elements of framework in theEnglishChannelsince1960s Shipping andpollutionincidents The EnglishChannel:anareaofmaritimerisk „ ❚ „ Lambert INord Lambert Projection ❚ 50 ° on PreparednessandCrisisManagement,Vigipol Sophie BAHE,Projectmanager Activities andusesoftheseainEnglishChannel.

5 °w Santander Dublin

Rosslare 136 integrated strategy Channel ArcManche

Bilbao Falmouth

Océan Atlantique Cork MRCC Atlantic Ocean km mi 0 0 CROSS CROSS Corsen 5 °w Rosco 50 Plymouth 50 Brixham MRCC South South West :215285*

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South and South East:445001* andSouth South Basse-Normandie :52104 Basse-Normandie Solent MRCC France Portsmouth London :326617* Caen 0 ° Newhaven pratique deplaisance uneactivité àvoile ouàmoteur oudecourse. * Au Royaume-Uni, lenombre enregistré correspond àtoute qui personne pratice activities, racing sailboat ormotor orsailboat boating thenumber registered* InUnited Kingdom, referes to any who person 43 363 0 ° 183 Haute-Normandie :43363 Haute-Normandie Port de ferry /Ferry port Port deferry Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centre Co-ordination Rescue Maritime (MRCC) Centre régional opérationnel etdesauvetage desurveillance (CROSS) Number of ships of more than 300 GRT reporting theirpresenceNumber ofshipsmore reporting to theneareast than300GRT CROSS Flux denavires deplus300tjbsedéclarant auprès desCROSS Tunnel /Channel souslaManche Tunnel Lignes de ferry /Ferry routesLignes deferry Average numberofshipspassingperday recorded by (Database CROSS “Trac 2000”) (Base dedonnées “Tra c 2000”) Nombre moyen denavires enregistrés parjourauprès desCROSS Nombre deplaisanciers/Numberofyachtsmen Dieppe Dover

Dover

MRCC 114 Mer duNordMer North 50 ° Gris-Nez CROSS Nord Pas-de-Calais, PicardieNord Pas-de-Calais, :27762 Port deplaisance /Marina Calais

and leisure Omnibus Survey 2009,REA,PREMAR,and leisure 2010. OmnibusSurvey et dulittoral, Bureau nautiques, delaplaisance etdesactivités Watersports IFREMER, Compagnies maritime, de ferries, desports du transport Direction Maritimes, Maritime and Coastguard Agency, of Department Transport, Sources : CROSS, base de données Tra c 2000, Direction des Aaires Zones depêche/Fishing areas

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e - r l B a n a d s s Conception et réalisation : F. Turbout, UCBN, 2010 in operation,areascontaining seawind marine aggregatesthatareplanned or are addedtobyareasofexploitation of pleasure craft. Those areasofflows the largenumbersoffishing fleets and British coasts. and goods)betweentheFrench ports) andtransversetraffic(passengers (from the Atlantic tothemainNorthSea with ahighdensityoflongitudinaltraffic The Channelarearepresentsan quences. maritime trafficandthepotentialconse in ordertoseekwhatrisksarelinked occurred intheChannelsince1960s, major accidentsandincidentsthathave Thereafter, weshall coveringreaterdetail you adocumentsummarisingherwork. traffic analysis”part.Ishallpresentto sity ofCaen,wholooksafterthe“maritime with Frédérique take further. Itisconductedinpartnership This isastudythatweconstantlyworkto have beenlargelyenrichedsincethen. in thecontextofEMDIproject,and documents presentedtodaywereinitiated Franco-British co-operation. pollution intheChannel,contextof questions relatingtotherisksofmarine been workingforalmostsevenyearson 5/ i.e.EspaceManche DevelopmentInitiativeproject. with theEMDIproject project, andIwaspreviouslyinvolved time safety”workinggroupoftheCAMIS I amcurrentlyamemberofthe“mari- T o thismustbeadded T urbout fromtheUniver 5 . Thus, wehave The various - - 7 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 in theEnglishChannelsince1960s Shipping andpollutionincidents The EnglishChannel:anareaofmaritimerisk areas andmain ports. particularly high neartrafficseparation areas sincethe1960s. tified intheChannelanditssurrounding 108 pollutionincidentshavebeen iden- heavily used. between usesinareasthatare already which willleadtoincreasethecompetition affected bynewseawindfarmsites, farms, etc.Ourcoastsareparticularly „ „ (1960-2009). The scaleofaccidentaloilspillswhichoccurredinandaround theEnglishChannel hose 108 pollution Those 108pollution heir density is Their densityis If we list hydrocarbon pollution incidents If welisthydrocarbon pollutionincidents „ „ „ „ incidents include: „ „ „ „ goods, etc.) fruit andvegetables,manufactured 26 othertypesofpollutionincident (wood, 1 spillageofradioactivesubstances; 16 spillagesofchemicalproducts; bons; 65 pollutionincidentsduetohydrocar-

is important to add 153 major incidents is importanttoadd 153majorincidents T they continuetoconstitutepollution risks. number ofthosewrecksarenot re-floated, the cargospillingintosea.Since alarge incidents, someshipwrecksoccur without However, overandabovethosepollution damage. to theBayofBiscay, themaincauseis the CasquetRocks.Finally, attheentrance to groundings. Cornwall, mostpollutionincidentsaredue shifting incidentsareinthemajority. Off collisions. Off thetipofBretagne,cargo- The DoverStraitislargelyaffected by note thatcausesaredistributedbyarea. If weanalysethosepollutionincidents, have beenfarworse. of pollutantspillages,thesituationcould was highlydamaging,butgiventhenumber course, pollutionthatreachedthecoastline in theChanneldidnotreachcoasts.Of that severalsmall-scalepollutionincidents incidents. Inaddition,itmustbepointedout largely affected bylarge-scale pollution in size. tion incidentsisroughlyequal,buttheyvary the eastortowest,numberofpollu- Channel hasbeentrulyspared.Whetherto gards hydrocarbonpollution,noareaofthe north-west coastofBretagnein1978. As re- the Amoco Cadiz,whichranagroundoff the aground off thetipofCornwall in1967,and oil spills:the by size,weimmediatelynotethetwolarge o those 88 pollution-free shipwrecks, it o those88pollution-free shipwrecks,it he western sector has been more The westernsectorhasbeenmore T orrey Canyon, which ran orrey Canyon,whichran here is a shipwreck area off There isashipwreckareaoff density andthe multiplicityofuses. conditions must becombinedwithtraffic nation isinsufficient:weather andsea tration ofpollution.However, thatexpla- navigation arethosewithahigh concen The mostdangerousareasinterms of as wellseveraldaysoffog eachyear. seas and high of strongwinds frequencies area, conditionsthatbringtogetherhigh to weatherandseaconditionsacrossthe observed inthoseareas,onecouldrefer T threatened bythatrisk. other FrenchandBritishregionsarealso tagne hasbeenmoreaffected bypollution, entire maritimefaçade. accident proneareasarespreadalongthe ver Straittrafficseparationscheme. Those port ofLeHavre,andafiftharoundtheDo- scheme; afourthareaattheentranceto quets, totheeastoftrafficseparation One couldspeakofathirdarea,theCas- examples ofthis,butarenottheonlyones. west oftheChannelIslandsareperfect than others.Bretagneandtheareato Certain areasgiverisetomoreaccidents pollution incidentsperyear. average ofsevenseaeventsandovertwo Channel overthelastfiftyyears,i.e.an accidents) thathavebeenidentifiedinthe incidents, shipwrecks,andpollution-free there are349seriousseaevents(pollution amount ofdamage.Intotal,therefore, sea, butwhichcouldhavecausedalarge that didnotgiverisetospillagesintothe o explainthedensityofaccidents Thus, althoughBre- - 8 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 pollution. We mustnotethatfornow, the to theriskofmarine are themostexposed ments thatliealongtheChannel coast From this,itemergesthatthe depart- the riskofanaccidentthose coasts. That vulnerabilityhasbeencombined with bility ofaterritorytopollution incident. mic, physical,anddemographicvulnera important toaddtheecological,econo T in theEnglishChannelsince1960s Shipping andpollutionincidents The EnglishChannel:anareaofmaritimerisk „ o theanalysisofthosehazards,itis „ Channel (1960-2009). Pollutions, shipwrecksandaccidentswhichoccurredinaround theEnglish - - Bretagne: examples ofrecent pollutionincidentsin and Erika.However, letustakesome oil spillascausedbythe Amoco Cadiz incident, wethinkimmediately ofalarge When werefertoamarinepollution forth analyseofBritishcoastlines. side. Itisthereforeimportanttohence work hasbeendoneonlyontheFrench

- „ „ part (POLMARMer) andalandpart(POLMAR Plan. 6/ i.e.PlanPollutionMaritime-French Marine Pollution „ „ „ „ the POLMAR T the the sizeofpollutiondidnotrequire its waytoNorthernEurope.InBretagne, France. Partofthepollutionalsofound large sizeinSpainandSouth-Western the oiltankercausedanspillofvery the coastofGaliciainNovember2002, spring of2003:followingitssinkingoff pollution causedbythePrestigein coast of Bretagne before being taken coast ofBretagnebeforebeing taken container carrierwasdamaged off the MSC NapoliinJanuary2007. another caseisthepollutionfrom the munes thatwereaffected forweeks; However, itmobilisedthestaff ofcom- marine pollution. Assessment oftheriskaccidental he POLMAR Plan is composed of a maritime The POLMARPlanis composedofamaritime erre 6 plan to be triggered. plantobetriggered. he The T erre). 9 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 in theEnglishChannelsince1960s Shipping andpollutionincidents The EnglishChannel:anareaofmaritimerisk „ „ Location ofthe accidental maritimepollutionswhich occurredinandaroundthe EnglishChannel(1960-2009).

„ „ „ „ containers) ina largestormoff thetip containers (including 60refrigerated in February2008,theHorncliff lost90 ment problemsforseveralcommunes; ended upbycausingseriousmanage - and evenpleasantforthegeneral public incident thatappearedtobe“inoffensive” be foundtoevacuatethem. A pollution reached fromland;asolutionhadto containers, ofwhichsomecouldnotbe ned theproblemofrefrigerated the pineapples.However, thereremai- people whohadcometogatherup hours, beacheswerecrowdedwith of fruitarrivingonshore.Withinafew of pineapples,whichledtothousands the Côtes-d’Armor, lostsevencontainers again totheeastofFinistèreandwest the HondurasStarsinDecember2007, even desired,byBretonelectedofficials; arrangements cametobeaccepted,and the startofspreadsub-POLMAR to dealwiththattypeofsituation. then becameawarethattheylackedatool that medium-sizedpollutionincident. MAR again, outsidethecoverageofPOL- affecting abouttwentycommunes. Yet of thosetwoproductsreachedourshores, cake packets,aswellalittleoil. the MSCNapolilosttwocontainersof was damagedoff thecoastofBretagne, it year andahalfofclean-upwork.When Devon coast,anincidentthatrequireda under tow, andwaswreckedonthe T erre plan, mayors had to manage erre plan,mayorshadtomanage hat was That was he mix The mix hey They 10 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 our experiences between local authorities, our experiences betweenlocalauthorities, risk, itisimportant toholdexchangeson finally, facedwith thevariednatureofthat resources usedtomanagethem; means thatthereisaneedto adapt the creasing infrequencyandvariety, which small-scale pollutionincidents arein- selves todealwiththoserisks; have anincreasingneedtopreparethem- mayor, notofthePrefect.Localauthorities dents comesundertheresponsibilityof in France,managingthosepollutioninci- incidents. Inconsequence: with small-andmedium-sizedpollution In conclusion,wemustincreasinglydeal „ in theEnglishChannelsince1960s Shipping andpollutionincidents The EnglishChannel:anareaofmaritimerisk „ shellfish-cultivation installations. could havecauseddriftinginamarinaor to manageandremovethosepipes. oil spill,therewasnonethelesstheneed tonnes each. Although therewasnolarge 90 cm indiameter, andweighedover20 arrived onshore. finally, inNovember2008,twodriftingpipes prepare todealwith; councils ontheBritishside)willhaveto prefectures ontheFrenchside,county land-based authorities(communesand is thusahighlyprobablescenariothat arrival enmasseofcontainersonshore are becomingincreasinglyfrequent. accident. Significantcontainerlosses to navigation,withariskofadditional sea, theyconstitutedasignificanthazard of thosecontainersreachedshore. At of Bretagne,60kmfromBrest.Some m long and They were43 mlongand hey They he The react asswiftlypossible. to small-scalepollutionincidents,inorder particularly asregardspreparation,relating „ „ () followingthelossofcontainersatsea. Pineapples cargowashedupontheshoreinFrenchdepartment of«Côtesd’Armor»

© Vigipol 11 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 „ „ cificity oftheDoverStraitlies in: provisions intoexistingsystems. Strait, butofintegratingthose specific ting systemsthatarespecific to theDover the world.Itisnotamatterofimplemen- is essentiallythesameforstraitsaround of theDoverStrait,anddemonstration It isessentialtoaddressthespecificities tion ofpotentialriskandpollution. area of30km,givingrisetoaconcentra- vessels andcargos,concentratedonasea Accordingly, thereisawidevarietyof characteristics ofacoffinship. 2004, avesselthatinnowayhadallthe involved thewreckingof sels. As ithappens,thelastmajoraccident will besolvedjustbyhavingnewerves- coffin chipsbythinkingthattheproblem cus solelyonageandthefightagainst However, careshouldbetakennottofo- „ „ cover: trated onthestrait. Major findingsareapplicableandconcen- The specificitiesoftheDoverStrait The EnglishChannel:anareaofmaritimerisk ❚ „ „ „ „ of the strait between France and Great of thestraitbetween FranceandGreat the “doublecross-border” dimension traffic densityandvariety newer vessels. from northtosouth,aswellolderand vessels, allgoingfromeasttowestand pleasure craft, fishing vessels, large the varietyoftrafficandfleets,with sea areaof30km, the world,with800vesselsadayin density, sinceitisthebusieststraitin ❚ Council, responsibleformaritimeaffairs Wulfran DESPICHT hose problem areas Those problemareas , Vice-President oftheNord-Pas-de-Calais Regional T ricolor in ricolor in The spe- was not very fruitful, and the European was notveryfruitful, andtheEuropean to studyFrance’s positiononthesubject, the secretarygeneralformaritime affairs, the Channelasawhole.Mymeeting with tory ofGreatBritain,theproblems concern Rescue). Evenifthepostsare ontheterri- nal OperationsCentreforMonitoring and veillance etdeSauvetage-French Regio- (Centre RégionalOpérationneldeSur- safety systems(equivalenttoourCROSS financing forthetugandland-based led theBritishtoplanwithdrawalof The choicesmadebyGreatBritainhave pooling thecharterofaninterventiontool. challenges hadbeenfoundinpart,by a responsetoallthosespecificitiesand end ofthatco-operationisregrettable,for and GreatBritainisfundamental. high-seas tugsharedbetweenFrance avoid it. The bestwayoffightingpollutionisto „ „ the NorthSeastrategy. whether intheChannel Arc strategyor extremities andinparticularthestraits, pean sea-basinnamingstrategy, the It isimportanttoremember, intheEuro- to nationalborders marine pollutionincidentspaynoheed resources areessential,giventhat questions ofpoolingandco-ordinating response tothatcross-borderproblem, traffic passesthroughBeneluxports).In the waterway(alargepartofeast-west on thestrait–isasignificantuserof – althoughitisnotpositioneddirectly Britain aswellwithBelgium,which he problem arising from the The problemarisingfromthe he The lack of a tug. lack ofatug. will alwaysbeweaknessesarisingfromthe tion systemscanbeputinplace,butthere surveillance byahigh-seastug. All preven- Channel basincontinuestocomeunder place, sothaton1September2011, the economic interventionsnowneedtotake certain numberofdiplomatic,political,and pen thattheyturnintomajorincidents. A relative importance,butitmayalsohap- Perhaps thosesevenincidentswillbeof not becoveredinthelastquarterof2011. that therearesevenseaincidentswill 25 interventionseachyear. Anglian Monarchcarriesoutonaverage response hasyetbeenforthcoming. being withdrawninSeptember),andno deadline issixmonthsaway(withthetug position remainsundefined.However, the his means This means he The „ „ „ „ of theTricolor wreck. Helicopter overflight The ro-roshipTricolor.

© Marine nationale

© Marine nationale 12 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 e DIRM The pectors whoapplytheMARPOL “vessel safety”centreswithaboutfortyins- nel andNorthSeaDIRMincludesfive accidents andmarinepollution. Their roleisabovealloneofpreventing with theappointmentoftheirdirectors. 9/ i.e.InternationalMaritime Organization. 8/ i.e.MarinePollution Convention. (French InterregionalGovernmentOffice fortheSea). 7/ i.e.DirectionInter-RégionaleàlaMer and intheUnitedKingdom The roleofthenationalgovernmentinFrance and oflocalauthorities The respectiverolesofthenationalgovernment try and induce the British government to try andinducetheBritishgovernment to British governmentsatthehighest levelto currently contactsbetweenthe Frenchand avoided. A pointconcerningtugs:thereare using atug–ledtomajoraccidentsbeing by loweringateamhelicopter, orby intervention ofthemaritimeprefecture– There areseveralexamplesinwhichthe when abnormalsituationsaredetected. prefect tointerveneinapreventivemanner important, becauseitenablesthemaritime Nord-Pas-de-Calais. based ontheCasquetRocksand which supervise traffic separation schemes CROSS GrisNezandJobourg, by twoextremelyimportantDIRMbodies, strand ofpreventiveactioniscarriedout of theParisMemorandum. call atFrenchportsundertheprovisions vessels aswelltoforeignthat board ship.SurveillanceappliestoFrench anti-pollution systemsandprocedureson POL isanIMO tion topreventpollutionincidents.MAR- ❚ ❚ Eastern ChannelandtheNorthSea Laurent COURL,DirectoroftheInterregionalGovernmentOfficefor 7 were set up on 24 March 2009 weresetupon24March2009 9 Convention that sets out Conventionthatsetsout hat surveillance is That surveillanceis he second The second

The Chan- 8 Conven- exercises needtobeputinplace. lection resources. we canquicklybringintoactionprivatecol- ring contractswithfishingvessels,sothat etc. DIRM’srolewillbetodrawupcharte- product, with20%madeupofwater, algæ, since 80%ofwhatiscollectedpollutant fishing boats. Thisgivesbetterresults, that resembletrawlnets,bychartering directly atseathankstospecialdevices of sufficientsize,istocollectthewaste the coastalfringe,incaseofoilslicks Prestige. The principleof the fightalong incidents, inparticularthatinvolvingthe in placeasaresultofcertainpollution Finally, theland/seainterfacewasput at sea. of themaritimeprefect,wholeadsfight prefects, wholeadthefightonland,and intervenes intheserviceofdépartement also hasaroleinpreparingforthefight.It about 20millionseurosforFrance.DIRM Channel arearepresentsanexpenditureof whereas thecostoftugsacrosswhole billions oreventensofdollars, pollution incident,damagecostsruninto go backonitsposition.Intheeventofa his means that training This meansthattraining „ „ „ „ A marinepollution responseexerciseheldin frontoftheheadlandDinan (Brittany, France). «CROSS Jobourg». Aerial viewofthe

© Marine nationale „ „ Liberté anditscannonsintoaction. The assistanceandrescuetug Abeille

© Marine nationale © Marine nationale 13 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 the rankofadmiral). time area.She/heisanavalofficer(with being thecommandingofficerforamari- the government,whilstatsametime civil authority, sinceshe/hecomesunder and civilsafety. formal notice,oneofher/hismain wea- through prefecturalorders,as well asthe administrative policepowers,in particular tions acrossthemaritimearea withgeneral is taskedwithexecutinglawsandregula- en Mer-FrenchNational Sea-Rescue Association. 10/ i.e.SociétéNationaledeSauvetage the SNSM that actatsea:maritimeaffairs, theNavy, and co-ordinatingalltheadministrations affairs. She/healsoworksatmoderating by thegeneralsecretariatformaritime applies atseathemaritimepolicydefined minister andgovernment. at sea;theprefectcomesunderprime responsible for, actiontakenbytheState The maritimeprefectrepresents,andis management. the organisationandframeworkofcrisis rience isaresultofthesamedynamicas seas. on States’righttointervenethehigh Canyon disaster, wesignedaconvention traffic safety. In1969,followingthe Torrey international conventiontoimprovesea- national communityreactsandsignsan each large-scalecatastrophe,theinter- We areaccustomedtosaying thatafter and intheUnitedKingdom The roleofthenationalgovernmentinFrance and oflocalauthorities The respectiverolesofthenationalgovernment ❚ ❚ Maritime PrefecturefortheChannelandNorthSea Jérémy DRISCH,Sub-Lieutenant(FrenchNavy), That feedbackbasedonexpe- 10 , Customs, the gendarmerie, , Customs,thegendarmerie, he maritime prefect is a The maritimeprefectisa he maritime prefect The maritimeprefect he prefect The prefect

ORSEC having beenreplacedbyasinglebody, the global framework with operational centres global frameworkwithoperational centres sea incident.Forthatpurpose, wehavea and toprovideoverallmanagement fora may arise,regardlessoftypeandintensity, Channel /NorthSeaareatoanyeventthat that organisestheresponseacross unique, adjustable,integratorframework to crisismanagement. planning andhaveanoverallapproach French CivilSafety Response Organization. 12/ i.e.Organisation delaRéponseSécuritéCivile- Nuclear Plan. 11/ i.e.PlanNucléaireMaritime-FrenchMarine NUCMAR plans torescueshipwreckedpersons,and Since April 2010,POLMARseaplans, each administration. action whenitexceedsthecompetenceof Nonetheless, she/heco-ordinatesthat to interveneintheirrespectivedomains. tions atseawhilstallowingadministrations moderates andco-ordinatestheStatesac- ded byaninter-ministerialteam,she/he as welldirectives.She/heissurroun- of administrations,planningresources second powerconcernstheco-ordination tion, assistanceandtowing. formal noticearetugsusedforinterven- coasts. InFrance,thespearheadofthat presented byadamagedvesseloff our ask acaptaintoputanendthedanger catastrophe. pons, inordertoavoidtheoccurrenceofa 12

, in order to determine thematic , inordertodeterminethematic 11 sea plans have disappeared, seaplanshavedisappeared, he prefect has the power to The prefecthasthepowerto his is a case of a This isacaseof he prefect’s The prefect’s Bonn Agreement, wecanalsocall uponall a certainlevel.Withinthecontext ofthe to callonthemwhenacrisisrises above Channel plan.Inotherwords, we areable closely withtheBritishincontext ofthe in theChannel/NorthSea,we areworking vices. As regardsinternationalcooperation prefectures andwithalldépartementser- the land/seainterfacewithdépartement authorities. We arecurrentlyworkingon in closecollaborationwithland-based the land,sincemaritimeprefectworks munication circuithasbeendefinedwith Finally, usingtheORSECsystem,acom- „ „ „ „ „ façade: problem areasontheChannel/NorthSea The ORSECsystemtakesaccountoffive of events. in power”systembasedonaseriousness of permanentvigilance,withan“increase phases ofthecrisis.We are inaposition crisis-management teamthatdealswithall maritime prefectmaydecidetosetupa depending ontheextentofcrisis– intervention management,teams,and– The systemworkswithunitsonsite, her /hisgeneralstaff. problem, ledbythemaritimeprefectand that areeachresponsibleforapartofthe „ „ „ „ „ traffic disruption. assisting vesselsindifficulty fighting againstradioactiveleaks fighting seapollution rescuing shipwreckedpersons

 lighten theloadofavesselbeforeitsinks. European coasts,forexampleinorderto ters alargenumberofvesselsalong Maritime Safety Agency, whichpre-char- We arealsoworkingwith the European our Belgian,Irish,Dutch,etc.,neighbours. 14 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 he mayor’s duty is to put an end to The mayor’sduty istoputanend and 1000euros perlinearmetre. brought intousecancostbetween 800 expensive option. An anti-pollutionbarrage material atunprotectablesites isavery make itprotectable.Placinganti-pollution because asiteissensitivethat doesnot sensitive andprotectable.However, just tion planscoveringsitesdesignatedas the storagecentres,inlinewithprotec- crisis alert,thematerialwillbesentfrom maintain thatmaterial.Ifprefectstriggera France. DIRM’sprimarymissionisto us today, withatotalofeightinmainland Le Havreforthecoastlinethatconcerns Those storagecentresareatDunkirkand T material thatisheldbythePOLMAR has theroleofacquiringpollution-fighting The FrenchDirectorateforMaritime Affairs POLMAR landplan. plans, andhastakenonspecificityforthe itself tothecommontrunkofallORSEC is anORSECplan,evenonland.Itadapts no longeraspecialisedone.Nowadays,it was modernised,thePOLMARlandplanis Since 2004,whenthelawoncivilsafety the defencearea. resources undertheægisofprefect ment, aswellmakingavailableState set upbytheprefectofeachdéparte- shall nowturntotheland-basedsystem addressed thesea-basedsystem,and sea-based andland-based.We have T here aretwosystemsinexistence: and intheUnitedKingdom The roleofthenationalgovernmentinFrance and oflocalauthorities The respectiverolesofthenationalgovernment ❚ erre inter-département storage centres. erre inter-départementstoragecentres. ❚ Interregional GovernmentOfficefortheEasternChannelandNorthSea Jean-Yves BREHMER,ProjectManagerandExpert“POLARTerre”, Normandie, whilst the centre at Dunkerque Normandie, whilst thecentreatDunkerque rial totheregions ofBasse-andHaute- Le Havreisresponsibleforsending mate- distribution. Inotherwords,the centreat tenance strategyisbasedongeographic of barragepercentre. kerque andLeHavre,thisrepresents 6 km DIRM maintainsthematerial.For Dun- intervention funds,istriggered. zone plan,whichisfinancedbyPOLMAR départements areaffected, theORSEC the départementORSECplan.Ifseveral In suchacase,theprefectimplements for exampletheoneinvolvingErika. pollution incidentsofexceptionalsize, occasions. have alreadybeenappliedonseveral Le Havre–indeed,thoseconventions with themainseaportsofRouenand Le Havrehasinplacetwoconventions example, thePOLMARstoragecentreat immediately andaheadofthecrisis.For manage thepollutionincidentareavailable is thatallusefulandnecessarymeansto pollution resourcesavailabletocommunes established conventionsonmakinganti- subject topayment. but thoseresourcesaremadeavailable play withouttriggeringtheORSECplan, She /hecanbringStateresourcesinto blem, theprefecttakesovermanagement. but lacksthecapacitytomanagepro- affected, orifasinglecommune isaffected level. When several coastal communes are operations tofightpollutionatcommune pollution ofalltypes.She/heisdirector he third level is intended for The thirdlevelisintendedfor The advantageofpre- The material-main-

tection agents,etc. integrated intoORSECplans,coastal-pro- fighters, associationsthataretargetedand discussing today:communeagents,fire 000 peoplealongthecoastlinethatweare rial andplayedapartintrainingabout1 storage centreshaveimplementedmate- the helpofdépartementcorrespondents, high clean-upcosts.Ineightyears,with (coefficient ofexpansion),whichleadsto collected broughtwithit20kgofwaste the Erika,everykilogrammeofpollution and collectingpollution.Inthecaseof training thatcoverstechniquesforfighting DIRM providescommuneagentswith in thecontextofORSECplan. are initiallybroughtintousebyfirefighters, ment, forpumping,andstorage. have materialsfordealingwithconfine- sent totheaffected area.Storage centres material fromanothercentrewouldnotbe the eventofanincidentgreatersize, and Picardie. covers theregionsofNord-Pas-de-Calais training onanannualbasis.

his does not mean that in This doesnotmeanthatin hose persons receive Those personsreceive hey They 15 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 „ „ „ of intervention: Local responsiblepersonshave three levels regardless ofthetypeandextentpollution. measures mustbetakenonanurgentbasis, article. Whenapollutionincidentoccurs,all For mayors,thedifficultyliesinapplyingthat relating toassistanceandhelp.” precautions, andtourgentlytakeallmeasures incidents ofalltypesbymeansappropriate the mayortopreventandterminatepollution of theGeneralLocal Authority Code:“itisfor their responsibilityasdefinedinarticle 2212-2 their closenesstothelocalpopulationandof players inmattersofcivilsafety, byreasonof not wellprepared.Now, theyareessentials deal withmanagingacrisisforwhichtheyare When anaccidentoccurs,mayorshaveto the riskoftoxicspillages,fire,explosions,etc. also amatterofimperillingpopulationswith vironmental andeconomicconsequences,but no longerjustamatterofpollution,withitsen- The riskscausedbyamaritimeaccidentare the possibilityofnewcatastrophescenarios. that growthtogetherwiththevolumeindicates Sea trafficisexperiencingannualgrowth,and Paimpol, acommuneinthenorthofBretagne. dent, sinceIamfirstdeputytotheMayorof of mayorsinmanagingamarinepollutioninci- I wouldliketospeakyouabouttherole The roleoflocalauthoritiesinFranceandtheUnitedKingdom and oflocalauthorities The respectiverolesofthenationalgovernment ❚ „ „ „ returns tonormal. the roleofmayor asthesituation crisis the roleofmayorinmanaging the preparing tomanagethecrisis ❚ First DeputytotheMayorofPaimpol Annie MOBUCHON,

ject toamajorriskandthathavePPRN only inrespectofcommunesthataresub- areas. A compliancerequirementexists However, theyarenotcompulsoryinall enabling themtodealwiththoserisks. to naturalandtechnologicalrisks,thus to preparetheresponseofcommunes the northern coastal strip of Bretagne have the northerncoastalstripofBretagne have upone.Somelocalauthoritiesalong set gly recommendedthatcommunesshould Although nocompulsionexists,itisstron- they areregularlyfacedwithpollution. have putthoseplansinplace,eventhough French Industrial-Risk PreventionPlan. 15/ i.e.PlandePrévention desRisquesIndustriels- French Natural-RiskPreventionPlan. 14/ i.e.PlandePréventiondesRisques Naturels- Protection Plan. 13/ i.e.PlanCommunaldeSauvegarde -FrenchLocal Act hasestablishedthePCS incidents. mayors havetoprepareforpollution We maythenaskourselves whattools ties, andotherpublicorprivatepersons.” the purviewofState,localauthori- measures andresourcesthatcomeunder preparing andimplementingappropriate accidents, disasters,andcatastrophe,by assets, andtheenvironmentagainst lation, aswelltheprotectionofpersons, risks ofalltypes,informandalertthepopu- states: “Theaimofcivilsafetyistoprevent Modernisation Act of13 August 2004 For preparation,article 1oftheCivilSafety or aPPRI 15 he Civil Safety Modernisation The CivilSafetyModernisation . In Bretagne, few communes . InBretagne,fewcommunes 13 in order inorder 14 up, it can be integrated into the PCS, as up, itcanbeintegrated intothePCS,as When acivil-safety reservehasbeenset competent authorities”. population, andtoreceiveanalert fromthe is able,atanytime,toalertand informthe must betakenbythecommune sothatit population, andstates:“Internal measures that providesprotectionandsupporttothe must giveprominencetotheorganisation links forthosesmallcommunes. behind thesignificanceofinter-communal and materialresources,whichiswhatlies sources, andsmallvillageswithfewhuman towns andcities,whichhavesignificantre- ties. Realityisverydifferent betweenlarge are greatdisparitiesbetweenlocalauthori- to theresourcesofcommune,butthere the population. to preventiveinformationandprotecting or inter-communalauthorities,contributing come underthecompetenceofcommunal The planbringstogetheralldocumentsthat Pollution rarelyaffects asingle commune. seems tobethemostappropriatesolution. human andmaterialresources,often communal authoritiesenablesapoolingof nal orinter-communallevels.Linksbetween PCS toinstituterescueplanningatcommu- sation ofcivilsafety. fect, butitformsthelocallinkinorgani- competences betweenthemayorandpre- modify thelegalbasisofshare-out in particularbyVigipol. thanks tosub-POLMARapproachestaken part givenovertofightingmarinepollution, been abletocombinetheirPCSswitha

he PCS must be tailored The PCSmustbetailored he challenge is for the The challengeisforthe he PCS does not The PCSdoesnot he PCS The PCS suffered by the container carrier MSC Napoli, suffered bythe containercarrierMSCNapoli, the coastlineof the commune. positively withanypollutionthat mayreach is toprepareaswellpossible todeal external communication. players, themanagementofwaste, and cess, thespreadofinformation between various playersinthedecision-making pro- chain ofcommand,theresponsiveness aim totestthespreadofalertalong not involveadeploymentofmaterial,and sub-POLMAR context. which aretermedcrisisexercisesinthe one. tial toolforpreparation,butitisnottheonly commune. responsibility fortheactiontakenby authority ofthemayor, whoretainslegal of thecommune,andcomesunder The planappliesacrosstheentireterritory appointed bythemayorincaseofneed. post ofcommunalcommandingofficer The PCScanbeaddedtobycreatinga resources totrainthosemembersofstaff. responsibilities andnotalwayswiththe authorities thatalreadyhaveanumberof of riskisalmostneverapriorityforlocal technical agentstodealwithvarioustypes Modernisation Act. as isadvocatedbythe2004Civil-Safety for communalandcommunitypersonnel, ly tothemayor–canformareinforcement munes andabletomakethemselvesswift- from localpeopleoradjoiningcom- – whichbringtogethervolunteersdrawn is thecaseatPaimpol. here are also simulation exercises, There arealsosimulationexercises, Therefore, theplanisanessen- T raining communal communal raining hose exercises do Those exercisesdo hose reserves Those reserves he mayor’s duty The mayor’sduty he damage The damage 16 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 „ „ „ number ofparametersintoconsideration: post hasbeensetup,themayormusttakea city ofthecommunes.Oncecommand when theconsequencesliebeyondcapa- decides, theservicesofStateintervene and communalagents.IfthePrefectureso protect thepopulation,seasidestrollers, of thepollution,mayorendeavoursto dertaken bythemayor. However, regardless prefecture willaffect thevariousmissionsun- such accidents. that issometimesverydifficultattheonsetof nature andextentofthepollution,anexercise Thereafter, thereisaneedtoassessthe close beachesandtoprotectpollutedsites. immediately takesteps:signingordersto mayor isverysoonalerted.She/hecanthen stand-by service,butwhereoneexists,the Not allcommuneshavearound-the-clock encouraging communestoprepare. Côtes-d’Armor realisedtheimportanceof levels, whilsttheprefecturesofFinistèreand to prepareatcommunalandinter-communal purpose. Mayorsbecameawareoftheneed within localauthorities.Itservedarevelatory in January2007,ledtoraiseawareness pollution incidentaffecting the which wasthecauseofamedium-sized „ „ „ extremes. panic thepopulation dramatisingmattersto lessen theextentofcatastrophe, or through pressreleases,sincethey can the media,whichmustbemanaged weather conditions tides he assessment made by the The assessmentmadebythe T regor coast regor coast communes. thus defendthe interestsofthosecoastal accidental orintentionalpollution, and legal actionagainstthoseresponsible for of coastlinecommunes,inorder totake a claimfordamagesandon behalf of localauthoritiesisauthorised tobring neighbouring populations. since itisthelegitimaterepresentativeof tiations inwhichVigipol canintervene, ging negotiationswithher/him,nego- goodwill, themayorentersintowide-ran- affected owners.Whenthepollutershows assets, aswelltakingstepstosupport requests inrespectofthecommune’sown The mayorthenmakescompensation has beenpossibletoidentifythepolluter. owner, orthechartererconcerned,whenit the intentionsofshippingcompany, the an informalone,isstrictlydependenton ring de-pollutioncosts. – andeven,incertaincases,directlybea- tatives inpayingcompensationfordamage growing participationofvessels’represen- gement ofrecentcrisesillustratesthe in lengthandeffectiveness. this isthestartofproceduresthatvary claims forcompensation.Forthemayor, quantify thedamagesuffered andpresent U help isprovided. resources dependsonthespeedwithwhich the survivalofcompaniesthatexploitmarine is alsoofcapitalimportance.Forexample, concern, butsafeguardingtheenvironment Safeguarding thepopulationisprimary pon a return to normal,thereisaneedto his role, although This role,although his consortium This consortium The mana-

© Vigipol 17 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 means that the level of our risk is very means thatthe levelofourriskisvery ships goingup and downtheChannel the problems. anticipated sowearealready aware of so manythingsheretodaythat couldbe anticipate problems.Ithinkwe haveseen management systeminEngland, wetryto We operateanintegratedemergency years agothisafternoon. so far, thetimberthatwashedupafew the past.Iwillbedealingworstofthese and timberwasheduponourcoastlinein ving rollsofpaper, children’stoys,palmoil hazardous. We havehadincidentsinvol- West Sussexbutnone,asyet,particularly many incidentsinthepastoncoastof a marinepollutionincident.We havehad what andhowweshoulddointheeventof incident. in Englandforalltypesofmarinepollution Planning existsaroundthewholecoastline conference anddebate. for marinepollutionthesubjectoftoday’s added tothisskilldealingandplanning coastlines andforthelast20yearsIhave coastal defencesaroundtheEnglish I have30yearsexperienceofmanaging pollution intheChannelareverysimilar. that wemanageanddealwithmarine slightly different toFrance Ithinktheway From whatIhaveheardtodayalthough Portsmouth onthesouthcoastofEngland. of West Sussexbetween Brighton and Engineer for2Councilsonthecoastline T ❚ o set the scene I am the Principal o setthesceneIamPrincipal ❚ Adur andWorthing Councils Bryan CURTIS, he plans set out and explain The planssetoutandexplain he amount of oil container The amountofoilcontainer nomenal andset toincreaseexponentially. cost ofremoving ordealingwithitisphe- cost ofcollectingpollutionishigh butthe materials likeoil.We haveseenthatthe important whenaredealingwith hazardous the pollutioncollected. fundamental tomanagehowwe disposeof of theemergencyincidentplanandis the wastemanagementplanwhichispart Fécamp. Ofparticularconcernformeis the planpreparedbyMayorherein or Boroughplanswhichareratherlike sub-national level. we haveaCountyCouncillevelplanat Agency onbehalfofthegovernment; Plan managedbytheMarineCoastguard chy. We haveaNationalContingency system ofplansbaseduponthishierar- planning workthatwedoandhavea ment isinvolvedintheemergencyincident Everyone fromLocaltoNationalGovern- to keepeverybodyinvolvedandinformed. ly elected.We haveseminars wherewetry the localcouncillorswhoaredemocratical- we prepareourplansinconsultationwith be. We trytounderstand the problemand gination ofhowbadaneventcanpossibly lutely foolproofandarelimitedbyourima- things change.Butnoplancouldbeabso- the plansroutinelyandwerevisethemas shared withallourpartners.We exercise We prepareemergencyresponse plans, Preparation isessential. can prepareforitwhichiswhatwealldo. high. Ifwecan’treducetheriskbut hen we have District Then wehaveDistrict his is particularly This isparticularly disperse as much at sea and deal with disperse asmuch atseaanddealwith problem andin thecaseofoilcollector on themtoinspect,assessthe potential marine pollutionincidents.We relysolely Agency (MCA)willleadonall major land. SoasIsaidtheMarineCoastguard rivers thusaffecting theecologyfurtherin to preventanypollutiontravellingupthe let itgetoutontothebeaches.We alsotry can todealwithitinsidetheportandnot in theharbour, wewanttohelpasbest harbours nearbybecauseifwehavespill We shareourplanswiththeportsand more later this afternoon. With news like more laterthis afternoon. Withnewslike soon” wesimply didn’tbelieveit.I’llexplain tons oftimbertoenduponyour beach finally getacalltosay“weexpect 1 500 knew therehadbeenanincident whenwe pollution incidentoftimber. Although we pollution, Iwillspeakaboutarecent T and assesstheproblem. collision, asinking,orsomethinglikethat; us whentherehasbeenanincident,a Their initialroleinanincidentisadvising the problembeforeitreachesbeach. o illustrate how we deal with marine o illustratehowwedealwithmarine 18 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 So how do we prepare? We break the risk So howdoweprepare? We breaktherisk whatever itisand howevermuchitcosts. whatever pollutionisonthebeach off it, lity effectively whatwehavetodoisget clean-up. Although notalegalresponsibi- they arethefrontlinewhenitcomes tothe at thebottomoflineinterms ofplanning the shorelineresponse. Although theyare the coastline. pollution isandwhattheproblemalong of theresponse,dependingonwhere it allocatedwillbedictatedbythenature us dealwithpollutionsuchasoil.Howis MCA provideuswithheavyplanttohelp Like hereinFranceataNationallevelthe level onthebeach. with resourcesandresponseatthetactical at astrategichigherlevelandleftustodeal of thatcentre. information/intelligence thatwascomingout blem onthebeach.Someonesentall to happennextwhilstwedealtwiththepro- involved intheincidenttoplanwhatneeded place inaremotecontrolcentreforallthose end. where theproblemwaswhichhelpedusno tively theymanagedthesituationawayfrom the shorelineresponseco-ordination.Effec - Council Planwasputintoplayandtheyled looked potentiallyquitelargetheCounty do somethingfast.Becausetheincident the progressoftimberandbereadyto in directcontactandremaininformedon had theinitialadvicewewereabletokeep respond quickly. to had we Once we this hey helped us because they had a They helpedusbecausetheyhada he local authority will lead on The localauthoritywillleadon hey dealt with the problem They dealtwiththeproblem are exactly the same but the appendices are exactlythe same buttheappendices contacts specific totheirarea. Allthe plans it andaddtheappendiceswith namesand district writesaplanandtheothers adopt the districts. 4 different localdistrictplansinto1forall the plans.InSussexwehaveincorporated There isalotofinterdependencybetween area. It’sarealproblem. to thepeoplenotgonearcleanup newspapers, radioandthetelevision,tosay the dangerzone.We usedthemedia- police involvedtostopthemcominginto see theproblemthatwehadtohave incident, wehadsomanypeoplecometo keeping theworldinformed.Inaprevious finance, andthemediaastheycanhelpby that maycometothesiteofanincident, and welfareoftheworkerspublic you havetolookafterthehealthsafety so manythingsincludingpublichealth, good plansbecausewehavetoconsider takes alotoftimeandeffort toprepare ted riskssothatwecanreactquickly. It All ourplanstrytocoveralltheanticipa- little balls. we simplypickeditastheoilformedinto Our beaches ofWest Sussexand Hampshire. a passingvesselwasspreadingalongthe 1 incidentwhere2tonsofpalmoillostfrom As anasidejust2weeksagowehada interested in T and henceplansdowninto ier 1, T ier 1 response was very low tech as ier 1responsewasverylowtechas T ier 2and he concept is simply that a The conceptissimplythata T ier 3 incidents, the big ones. ier 3incidents,thebigones. T ier 3. We are particularly ier 3.We areparticularly T iers or levels: iers orlevels: T ier ier some rest as work would most likely run some restaswork wouldmostlikelyrun keep thingsmoving andletpeoplehave long termincidentitwouldbedifficult to resources wouldbestretched. In amajor them. Howeverforamajorincident allour short andwehavebeenableto manage the emergencyincidentshave been quite others indealingwiththeproblem. Sofar beach, thoseofficerscangoandhelpthe the area.Ifproblemwashesontoone arrangement betweenalltheCouncilsin when aneventhappens.We haveamutual to havethemavailablecallhelpus not necessarilydealwithit. the skillsinplacetomanageincident level ofmanagementsothatwehave to involvepeopleintheofficesatdifferent with. problem andhowlongitwilltaketodeal to assistus.Italldependsonthekindof can callinbutwecontractors very limitedonthenumberofstaff thatwe from otherdutiesforashorttime.We are Maintenance staff etccould becalledaway a fewdaysthenrefusecollection,Parks unless thecleanupwouldtakelessthan we don’thavethestaff inplace torespond ment ofanincident,likehereinFrance Our plansdealwiththegeneralmanage- those involved. amount oftrustandpartnershipworkingfor quite uniqueandinvolvesaconsiderable one allencompassingplan. different localauthorities. Now wehave names ofdifferent people involved in are different becausethere aredifferent he essence of how we deal with it is The essenceofhowwedealwithitis he idea is The ideais his process is This processis GIS hops withintheCouncils.We alsodevelop doing, howwe’rewehaveworks- keep everybodyinformedofwhatwe’re again astheriskisconsiderablyhigher. We situation wewillneedtoreviewourplan light ofthelatestemergencytowingvehicle this asoftenwepossiblycan.Inthe plans asamatterofroutine;wetrytodo really doneedtoimprove.We reviewthe as muchpossiblebutthat’sathingwe 24 hoursadayforsometime.We practice to havesharedthiswithyoutoday. thank youfortheinvitationandopportunity synergy onbothsidesoftheChannelandI prepared. In summary I think there is a lot of and thisGIStoolwillhelpsusbebetter 80 kilometresoffrontageacross8districts what theaccesslookslike.Infact,wehave what therestrictionsaretogettingthereand relative tobeaches,tellingyouwhat’sthere, can haveaccesstomapanddatafields 16/ i.e.GeographicInformationSystem. 16 tools. We have a system where you tools.We haveasystem where you 19 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 Morning’s conclusions pooling our resources, we save public pooling ourresources, wesavepublic association withChannellocal ports.By authorities, weorganisedourselves in ferred acertainnumberofports tolocal For example,whenweinFrance trans- rather giveprioritytoanetwork approach. always speculate,butIthinkthat wemust structures otherthanVigipol? We can experiences. Mustwetrytocomeupwith several memberswillspeaktousoftheir During thesecondpartofthiscolloquium, effort. ponsibility, butwemustmakeaconcerted approach. Eachonehasashareofres- can onlybebasedonanoverallEuropean large measureoverthelastfewyears. of legislation,whichhavealldevelopedin to harmoniseandunifyourvariouspieces pected atinternationallevel,itisnecessary subjects, inordertobeeffective andres- In mattersofmaritimesafetyasinother constitutes genuineprogress. ration invariousmaritimestrategies. level byEurope,andistakenintoconside- done, thisareaisrecognisedatpolitical like tosaythatthanksthejointwork extended bytheCAMISproject.Ishould the EMDIproject,whichhasnowbeen which hasbeencompiledthanksto are gatheredintotheChannel Arc Atlas, to conflictsofuse. Allofthoseproblems small coastaltowns,andquestionsrelating which wedealtwithquestionsofclimate, we havealreadyheld,andinthecourseof T ❚ oday is part of a series of meetings that oday ispartofaseriesmeetingsthat ❚ of theChannel Arc Manche Assembly Haute-Normandie RegionandPresident Alain LEVERN,Presidentofthe hat That

his This work mayleadtoajointdeclaration. to provideanswers.Itismyhopethatthis consists offulfillingresponsibilitiestrying lacking whenaneventoccurs.Politicallife fashion inoursector, sothatwearenotleft us theresourcestoactinaco-ordinated An overallawarenessisneededtogive incidents thatoccuronadailybasis. pollution incidents,inparticular that wouldalsobeabletoworkonother general population,scientists,etc.,and attention ofallelectedrepresentatives,the on information,aswellattractingthe the primaryroleofgatheringandpassing The ideaistoconstituteanetworkwith manœuvre inordertodootherthings. money andwefreeupfreshroomfor

20 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 prevention. ties, ortotakeactionaimedat improved improve thepreparationoflocal authori- the initiativesthatcanbeadopted to this typeofevent.We shallalsoaddress that enablepeopletoprepare better for the presentationoftoolsandapproaches the resourcesthattheyhadavailable they received; and theusefulnessofpreparationthat the mannerinwhichthoseeventsoccurred time eventswillgiveusanexplanationof Stakeholders whohaveexperiencedmari- divided intotwoparts: This secondpartofthecolloquiumwillbe tences, withinputfromtheworldofpolitics. information onthoserisksandcompe- The aimwastohaveacommonlevelof States, andlocalauthorities. and thecompetencesofstakeholders, given anexhaustivelookatmaritimerisks In thefirstpartofthiscolloquium,wewere of marinepollution. covering thepreventionandmanagement the Channelarea,withaparticularstrand develop anintegratedmaritimestrategyfor INTERREG programme.Itsaimisto CAMIS isfundedbytheFranco-British ❚ ❚ Haute-Normandie Region CAMIS ProjectCo-ordinator, Bruno THENAIL,  hey will also speak to us of They willalsospeaktousof Openig speech

21 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 Learning from past incidents and lessonsforthefuture Local experiences When pollutionreachesthecoast… dents, whethermajorornot. time andwiththeoccurrenceofinci- matters onlybecameorganisedover managing marinepollutionincidents; disorganisation reignedinrespectof of theChannel. A fewdecadesago, Situations aresimilaronbothsides experience. consequences thattheydrewfromthe way inwhichtheyprepared,andthe marine pollution,theirreactions,the stakeholders whohaveexperienced of experience-basedfeedbackfrom This willaddressvariousstrands Round table1

© Marine nationale / Ghislain Mirat 22 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 As a result information was given to the As aresultinformation wasgiventothe got intodifficulties andstartedtobreakup. than theFrench. As itwasbeingtowed, come towardstheEnglishcoastline rather decision wasmadethatthevessel would than letitbreakupinthesea. So the Southampton. Itwouldhavebeen safer towards Englandandthentakeitoff to be safertoactuallytakethevessel sea conditionsandthewind,thatitwould The decisionwasmadeduetotheheavy heavy fueloil. the vessel. difficulties. Therewere2,319containerson Cape registered in Antwerp. Itwasonroutefrom It wasownedbyaprivatecompanyand by manyvessels. cargo shipofitstimebutnowit’sdwarfed built in1992,itwasthebiggestmixed was a63,000toncargoship.Whenit tow byFrenchpeople. vessel, theNapoli,wasactuallyputunder taken off byhelicopter, rescuedandthe sel. 25ofthecrewmemberswereactually difficulties. Theyhadtoabandon theves- a resultofthat,itstartedtogetintogreat a stormof40footsand90mphwind. As was sailingintheEnglishChannelfacing the containershipdevelopedcracksasit Napoli. Ithappenedon18thJanuary2007: have alreadybeenmentionedtoday:the I’m sureyouaremostlyfamiliaraboutand Let’s talkinitiallyaboutaninstancewhich Local experiencesandlessonsforthefuture When pollutionreachesthecoast… ❚ Round table1 ❚ Devon CountyCouncil Stephen O’ROURKE, T own to Lisbon before it got into own toLisbonbeforeitgotinto here was also 3,500 tons of There wasalso3,500tonsof he Napoli itself The Napoliitself

cess running. on theDevoncoast,westartedpro- made awarethattheshipwasgivenland their baseinWeymouth. When wewere guidelines andthewaytheyoperatedfrom sea willbedealtwith.Basically, itgivesthe contingency plandictateshowashipat the boatintosea. 20th January. Some20containersfelloff where Iwork,itarrivedonSaturday Branscombe inDevon,thecoastline place wasagreedoff Beer Head,near he hadtomakeadecision. with aboatwhichmaybreakupoffshore After consultation,giventhedifficulties decision aboutshipsinthesea. SOSREP 18/ i.e.MaritimeRescue Co-ordinationCentre. Salvage andIntervention. 17/ i.e.SecretaryofStatesRepresentative forMaritime approaching our shores. Our plan to deal approaching ourshores.Ourplan todeal the planswhenitrealized ship was realized ithadtotakeanother look at salver fortheNapoli. within thesilversectionwhobecame bronze structurewithaprivatecontractor is quiteunique.Ithasagold,silverand which wasbuiltupforthiseventandit There isacommandandcontrolstructure response. responsibility ofcoordinatingtheinitial up straightawayfromthisandtookthe the multiagencyapproach. and CornwallPolice“goldstructure”within process. hat is normally led by the Devon That isnormallyledbytheDevon 17 who has the power to make whohasthepowertomake That’s theMRCC he local authority The localauthority The MCA national he resting The resting hey stepped They stepped 18 response response

„ © Marine nationale/Alain Monot What were unusual with the Napoli were What wereunusual withtheNapoliwere borders thebay. in Dorchesterastheirareaofresponsibility Sidmouth. DorsetCouncilset up theirbase section ofcoastandsetuptheir basein line. EastDevonwasresponsible forthis responsible fordifferent partsofthecoast- into smallerauthoritieswhichareeach District. has twodistinctlayers,namelyCountyand agency tacticalresponseforDevonwhich earmarked forupdating.We leadthemulti in 2000,althoughithadalreadybeen with coastalpollutionwaslastreviewed „ The MSCNapoli,introubleoffOuessantisland(Brittany, France). he districts are split up further The districtsaresplitupfurther to thebeaches, whichthenbecameover- failed tocontrol thebeachesandroads of theissueswasthatweinitially probably declare themforinsurancepurposes. One i.e. thatanyonesalvaginggoods must familiar withtheterm“receiver ofwrecks”, action tobelegal,andnoneof uswere found. into containersandtakingwhateverthey all overtheUKandevenabroadbreaking media coverageseeingpeoplecomefrom unplanned for. You mayrememberfrom had beached. the publicorderissuesoncevessel he police initially believed such The policeinitiallybelievedsuch his was unexpected and This wasunexpectedand 23 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 T believe isimportant tokeeptheminvolved. groups toassistintheprocess which I approach, webroughtinsome community As partofthemultiagencyresponse have obstructedtheclear-upprocess. actually increased. tourism duetothepollutionfears,butit the fearswasthatincidentwouldreduce was carriedouttooursatisfaction.Oneof our beachesandtoensurethattheclear-up we stillmaintainedoverallresponsibilityfor Although wedidnotcarryouttheclear-up, shoreline. oil spillagesaroundthevesselandat an excellentjobandwasabletocontain salvage companySmitofRotterdamdid the shipandtakingitapartbitbybit. ted salvageprocessremovingitemsfrom been spiltintothesea.Itwasacomplica- different hadthe3,500tons ofoilonboard ponse requirementswouldhavebeenquite and containersfromtheboat.Ourres- collected andremovedwashedupitems most oftheworkbyappointingsalverswho responsibility toclear-up. Napoli wasthattheownersofboattook Another specialaspectregardingthe effects ofwhichwewere able tocontain. motor partsandotheritems,thepollution relatively non-toxicitemssuchasnappies, this occasionwasfortunatelynotoilbut vehicles gettingtothescene.Pollutionon reby preventingemergencyandresponse crowded withmembersofthepublic,- Local experiencesandlessonsforthefuture When pollutionreachesthecoast… Round table1 urning to claims and compensation, the urning toclaims andcompensation,the his could potentially This couldpotentially hey took over They tookover he The vehicles when we can only use 2 of them. vehicles whenwe canonlyuse2ofthem. of everythingand questionwhyweuse3 phing thetractors,wewilltake a picture rather thanhavingtheinsurers photogra- to photographwhatweweredoing. So and keeprecordsonthat.We wereadvised prior tothepollutionhitsusphotograph it will sendoutphotographerstothebeaches a completeauditstructurefromday1.We it isnecessarytokeeprecordsandhave up. will provideatrainedstaff todotheclear of it.It’sthenewtoolthatwewilluse. that roleforus.We don’twashourhands ring foracontractortoeffectively perform commitment intheOlympicswearetende- line ofourpartnerDorset.Because 3 pollutionclearup.Devonisfollowingthe tors. We haveacontractfor authorities directlypayforprivatecontrac- up. We haveprivatecontracts now. Local people thanweusedtohavebeachclear We havelostcivilstaff andwehaveless ties intheUKareundergoingrestructuring. future thatisimportant.Manylocalauthori- we workedinthepastbuthowwill Finally, Iwouldliketosaythatit’snothow costs. against anappropriatepartytorecoverour accounts withaviewtotakinglegalaction so wearelookingtopublishproperaudited represents nota40%gainbut60%loss, police werepaidaround40%.Forus,this and “bluelight”organizationssuchasthe but othergroupssuchaslocalauthorities salvers andcontractorswerepaiddirectly That wouldbeahugecost. As aresult T ier 2and hey They T ier ier 24 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 DDE who werelargelyledbytheservicesof organised asbestpossible.Volunteers, a crisisofthattype,sothingshadtobe be repeated.No-onehadevermanaged red, andwethoughtthatitwouldnever then, noincidentofthattypehadoccur- Bretagne beingacollateralvictim.Until had occurredontheEnglishcoast,with in 1967,Bretonsfeltthatthecatastrophe French Departmental OfficeofInfrastructure. 19/ i.e.DirectionDépartementale del’Équipement– At thetimeof Local experiencesandlessonsforthefuture When pollutionreachesthecoast… ❚ intervened fifteen days after the incident. intervened fifteendaysafterthe incident. amount ofprogress.Stateservices only ghting serviceshadmadeonly asmall had affected Bretagne,butpollution-fi- intervening period,otherpollution incidents disaster, theannoyancewasgreat:in In 1978,atthetimeof Amoco Cadiz was total. vened threeweekslater. Disorganisation they arrived. And Stateservicesonlyinter- Military personnelwerewelcomed–when Round table1 ❚ Former MayorofGuimaëc(Finistère) Bernard CABON, 19 , played a part in de-polluting sites. , playedapartinde-pollutingsites. T orrey Canyon disaster orrey Canyondisaster the press in order to ask volunteers not to the pressinorder toaskvolunteersnot lend ahand. Appeals wereputout through of volunteershadfallen–was readyto population, who–eventhough thenumber interface betweenthemandthe general the fieldfreefortechnicians. We werethe intervene asswiftlypossible. We left arrange matterssothatStateservices limited togivingthepollutionalertand ours. resources ofasmallcommunesuchas a pollutionincidentlargelyexceededthe those eventsputusinasituationwhich With theexceptionofMSCNapoli, sent andworkingefficiently. been given,civil-safetybodieswerepre- three daysafterthepollutionalerthad in theorganisationofservices.Lessthan when wefeltthattherehadbeenachange the incidentinvolvingMSCNapoli, Palace in April 1980.Ialsolivedthrough held ademonstrationinfrontoftheÉlysée and lettogreatanger. Electedofficials The the levelofdisorganisation. Amoco Cadiz. Canyon) intotheholebeingdugfor (from apreviousholedugforthe stroke oftheshovelcausedaflowoil digging theoil-storagehole,anunfortunate ned onthebasisofsiteaccessibility. Whilst dig aholetostoreoil.Storagewasplan- storage fordealingwithwaste.We hadto tion incidentswasthatthereplanned The onlydifference between thetwopollu- T he role of the mayor is therefore The roleofthemayoristherefore anio waswreckedtwoyearslater, hat is a good illustration of That isagoodillustrationof T orrey orrey would enablethatbiddingtotakeplace. to haveemergencysystemsinplacethat gency isnoteasy. Itwouldbegoodtohelp tender whenwearefacedwithanemer- to submitbids,sinceputtingoutacallfor few innumber. Itisdifficulttoinvitethem The downsideisthatthosecompaniesare up toimprovethefightagainstpollution. genuine levelofknow-howhavebeenset Since then,specialistcompanieswitha that thefieldremainedfreeforothers. intervene, andourrolewastomakesure „ „ Oil pellets.

© Marine nationale 25 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 but wedidn’tknow whenexactly. Saturday night. We knewitwascoming This happenedatnight,moreprecisely, timber begantorunagroundon thebeach. it changeddirection.OntheSaturday, the and wethoughtitwasgoingto France.But tion fromtheMCA,timber was floating a problem”. where weweresoIwasthinking“that’snot a coupleofhundredmilesawayfrom report thattheIcePrincewasintrouble This happenedona cargo oftimber. when theIcePrincesankandlostits with anaccelerateddesktopexercise we hadjustpracticedouremergencyplan with theNapoliincident.Fortunatelyforus tage ofhavingseenwhathadhappened particular problems.We hadtheadvan ours wasquitedifferent andhaditsown tion astheyhadinDevonandtheNapoli been oil.We didn’thavethesamesitua insteadof us because timberit could have were verylucky. Itwasawake-upcallfor wasn’t ausualbeachemergency. We The “IcePrince”timberpollutionincident ❚ Local experiencesandlessonsforthefuture When pollutionreachesthecoast… Round table1 ❚ Adur andWorthing Councils Bryan CURTIS, The nextdaywegotinforma-

Thursday. Ihadthe - - coming inonthe highestofaseries were alsoluckywithregardto thetimber close toresidentialproperties atnight.We sary astherewereproblemswith working and highaspossiblybutitwasn’t neces as muchtimbersecuredon thebeach red towork24hours7daysa weektoget day evening. of theInsurerwereonsiteSatur quickly andthecontractorsatrequest quickly. We hadtomovethetimbervery damaged ifthetimberwasnotcollected Insurer. All ourbeachstructurescould be the billaway. We workedcloselywiththe took theimmediateproblemofwhopays the timber. Ithought “great”becauseit us andprovideaContractortoremove recovered andthathewouldworkwith advise thattheownerwantedtocargo The Ship’sInsurance Agent wasquickto other areasandspreadingtheproblem. to preventitfloatingalongthebeach ber outoftheseaasquicklywecould camp. Ourprimaryaimwastogetthetim- a verysmallarea,muchlikehereinFé main bulkofthetimberwashedupwasin main collectionofthetimberbegan. It wasreallydifficult.Sundaymorning,the were everywheredemandinginformation. Media astheinterviewersandreporters us adviceonhowweshoulddealwiththe recovered fromthesea. and askedustokeepthetimberthatwe that theownerofvesselstillwantedit ashore theReceiverofWreck advised Within hoursofthetimberbeingwashed The Contractorwasprepa The MCA gave The - - - - keep peopleaway fromthetimber. something like4 kmofsecurityfenceto but stoppedanyfurtherproblems. We used finally fencedoff. This wasarealproblem The wholetopsectionofthebeach off was light toitsowehadsecure withfencing. people begantoclimbonitand finallyset It wasgreatatthebeginningbutthen town centrearea. area tostockpileitwhichwasnotinthe somewhere. Ultimatelywepickedaquieter the topofbeachwehadtoputit Once wehadcollectedthetimberon timber wastaken. T the mediathattakingitwasactuallytheft. and wehelpedhimadvisethepublicvia the Insurer’sproblem(itwashistimber) flotsam andnobodywantedit. Thiswas collected thetimberastheythoughtitwas danger. Intheinitialstagessomepeople beach stoppingandwarningpeopleofthe and thepoliceworkingontopof the endwehadvolunteersfromMCA didn’t havethepossibilitytofenceitall.In fencing. Itwasanightmarebecausewe case wehad8kmofbeachtosecurewith people comingtolookatit. At theworse shear spectacledidcauseaproblemwith of beachbutingreatquantities. The timbercoveredquiteasmalllength refloated. tide linequitequicklyandcouldnotbe of thetimberwasmovedabovehigh spring tideswhichmeantthatthemajority o thisdaywedon’tknowhowmuch The April. The beacheswerehopedtoreopenin into lorriesandtakenawayforstorage. was chippedinanindustrialchipperput bio fuelforpowergeneration. contractor thatcouldtakethetimberasa of thetimberandfortunatelyfounda then setaboutfindingawaytodispose him andhedidn’twantitanylonger. We Insurer saidthatithadgotnovaluefor had togetridoff ofit. At thispointthe Once wehadthisbigpilecollected, colleagues. that wasdoingthis,itmyselfandfew Please beawarethatthiswasnotateam continued todoournormaldailywork. tional workneededtobedealtwithaswe logistical nightmareforus. All thisaddi Although notamajorincidentitwas on thefirstnight. We wereluckyeverybo relations Officer who attended the incident press coveragethankstothe MCA public safety.[Image 45] Moreoverwegotgood media tophotographandfilm theeventin on thepier, wehadaplacetoallowthe Special note:becausewehad aplatform for April. time the beachsothatwecouldopenthemin ber wasremovedandchippedawayfrom able tonegotiateadealwherebythetim this wasnotenough.Ultimatelywewere baffles andrestrictedworkinghoursbut to dosomethingreducethis.We tried side oftheroadtobeachsowehad venience toresidentslivingontheother There wasmuchnoiseandincon The timber - - - - 26 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 more expensivetodealwith. been andtheproblemmuchworse and not hazardousoilbutitcould easily have and didn’tneedthisresource as itwas Prince incidentwehadwasvery small of tanksthatwecancallupon. oil pollution,thereisanationalstock Plus, whenyouhavegotsomethinglike kept allrecordsoncomputeraswell. said. We learntthatfromtheNapoli.We we spoketo,forhowlongandwhat going tocost.We alsorecordedtowhom did, whywediditandhowmuchwas the incidentwekeptrecordsonwhat to keeprecords.Fromthebeginningof emergency incidentsitisreallyimportant ber couldeasilyhavebeenoil. As withall For methiswasawake-upcall. gressed hejustwantedupdates. initial mediainterviews. As theworkpro- whole processanddealtwithalotofthe The Mayorsharedeverythingduringthe dealing withit. what weweredoingandhow who livedintheareasothattheyknew why. We alsopostedsimilarletterstoall notices advisingwhatweweredoingand of thebeachandputuppublicinformation were positiveindealingwiththeclosure for interviewsfromJapan, Australia …We away asJapanandwealsogotrequests getting reportsontheincidentfromasfar why weweresomediafriendly. We were dy couldseewhatwasgoingonwhichis Local experiencesandlessonsforthefuture When pollutionreachesthecoast… Round table1 The Ice The tim- „ „ Wood washeduponWorthing Beach. 27 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 an item from my case was being contested an itemfrommy casewasbeingcontested the hearing.My lawyerinformedmethat we metourlawyerstoprepare togetherfor case. Beforeappearingbefore thejudge, something thathappenedtome duringthe I shallnowtellyouananecdote about aim ofwearingthemdownfinancially. appear beforetheChicagocourt,with Cadiz caseaskedforthe76mayorsto action, theopposingpartyin Amoco not writethattherearesix.Duringthelegal are taskedwithcleaningyourbeach,do you havefivecommunalemployeeswho to advanceacertainamountofmoney. If order tocompilethecaseandbeable is importanttomakenoteofeverythingin When aneventofsuchatypeoccurs,it farmers. tions inordertoinsureandcompensate Chamber of Agriculture tosetupconven- tanks, andthenmakecontactwiththe lorries. We hadtofindthe liquid-manure areas thatcouldnotbereachedbypump suitable tools,becausetheycouldreach Liquid-manure tanksprovedtobethemost oil intothosetrenches,thenemptythem. to theslopeofbeach,thenscrape had theideatodigtrenchesperpendicular and triedtofillbins. Thereafter, someone ter. Inthebeginning,wescrapedupoil State servicesinthefaceofsuchadisas- aware ofnon-preparationonthepart the timeoffirstdisasters. We became and technicianswasalmostnon-existentat The interactionbetweenelectedofficials Local experiencesandlessonsforthefuture When pollutionreachesthecoast… ❚ Round table1 ❚ Former MayorofPloulec’h(Côtes-d’Armor) Jean EVN,

 alone inthistypeofincident. body ifaproblemarises,andarenolonger became Vigipol. All themayorsturntothat authorities formedtorepresentthevictims other hand,theformerconsortiumoflocal professionals suchasfarmers.Onthe not signlong-lastingagreementswith improve interventiontools,andwedid “heads stuckintheprocess”,wedidnot incident mightrecur. We werewithour selves withtheeventualitythatsuchan incident, wenolongerconcernedour- Finally, after1978andthe Amoco Cadiz larger ones. amounts, wewerealsocheatingover judge thatifwewerecheatingoversmall the opposingpartywantedtoconvince surface thatwehadbefore.Inway, used asphaltinsteadofthedouble-layer was challengedbytheexperts,sincewe re-surfaced aftertheoilslick. the machinery. Becauseofthis,itwas had suffered significantdegradation by down tomybeachwasrathersteep,and by theopposingparty. Indeed,theslope he invoice The invoice „ „ The shipwreckofthe Amoco Cadizin1978.

© Marine nationale 28 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 toward improvedprevention. local authorities,orinordertowork in ordertoimprovethepreparationof made ofinitiativesthatmaybeadopted given byplayers.Mentionwillalsobe mentioned inthecourseofaccounts marine pollutionincidentswillbe local electedofficialsinthefaceof approaches aimedatbetterpreparing Various presentationsoftoolsand How toprepareformanagingmaritimepollution?Whattoolsuse? Round table2 and covering the matter of risk, led the and coveringthe matterofrisk,ledthe Conservatoire du Littoralin2006-2007 led bytheNormandiedelegation ofthe The Basse-Normandie A develop suchasystem. plan. and toitsactionsoutsidethePOLMAR ted officialsinrelationtothosequestions has beencalleduponbythevariouselec- given responsibility, butalsobecauseit the naturalheritageforwhichithasbeen action, foritisresponsiblemanaging The conservatoirehasenlargeditsfieldof more thannecessary. as co-ordinationbetweenparticipantsare sea forthepurposeofcleaningup,aswell heritage, theconditionsofaccessto complex process.Knowledgeofnatural and restorenaturalenvironmentsisa Anticipation andimplementationtoprotect damage whichisnotonlyduetopollution. clean-up processgivesrisetocollateral been mentioned,thatistosaythe draw frompollutionepisodeshavealready The lessonsthatithasbeenpossibleto ponsible forpreservingthecoast. Acting jointlywiththeregions,itisres- regions andtheconservatoiredulittoral. coastal consortiumismadeupofthe In theNormandieregion, nal totheexistingone. tional networkisatoolthatwillbeadditio- The “MarineandCoastalPollution”opera - The “MaritimePollutionandCoastlineoperationalNetwork” ❚ ❚ Normandie Delegation of the “Conservatoire du Littoral” Normandie Delegationofthe“ConservatoireduLittoral” Stéphane RENARD,HeadoftheeritageManagementDepartment, his is what lies behind its wish to This iswhatliesbehinditswish to IV plan, TRACIV plan, present, when it had been possible to present, whenit hadbeenpossibleto officials thata State systemwasalready It wasnecessarytoremindelected preservation ofnaturalsurroundings. at acertainscale,byemphasising the enabled thesettingupofcorrespondents led managementofthatheritage), have local authorities(takingaccountofthepoo- Normandie coast,aswellclosenessto knowledge ofnaturalheritagealongthe The importantcoastal-guardnetwork,good natural heritage. not tailoredtopreservingandrestoringthe and de-pollutionusingmethodsthatare must betailoredtoavoidfurtheraccidents they are affected by pollution, the response gical “hotspots”wereplacedinsectors.If bird feedingareas.Placesthatwerebiolo- natural heritage,marinebirdlife,aswell marine pollution.Certainsectorscontained compartments whentheyareexposedto line inrespectofthevariousbiological establish avulnerabilitystateforthecoast- mented, andcross-referencedinorderto all availabledataweregathered,supple- In ordertoestablishthereferencestate, defining anoperationalframework. the coastline a referencestateforthenaturalheritageof been developed: hydrocarbon pollution. conservatoire toconsiderthetopicof T wo elements had wo elementshad field, an alert, and an information relay in field, analert, and aninformationrelayin Correspondents provideawatchinthe that itemofexperience-based feedback. The ideaofworkingasapairarose from nication. the site,thankstoagoodlevel ofcommu- de-pollution, lessdamagewas observedat people whousedmechanicalmethodsfor natural surroundingscommunicatedwith when peoplewithagoodknowledgeof based feedbackhighlightedthefactthat field. Oneofthemanyitemsexperience- the organisationofoperationalsitesin possible tonoteamarkeddifference in that pollutionincidentwashandled,it concerning theErikaandwayinwhich Further toexperienced-basedfeedback technical correspondents. management ofnaturalheritage,and correspondents ofthedepartmentfor on geographicalsectors.Itismadeupof correspondents issetupinpairsbased site, andacontactsheet. correspondents, annualmeetings,aweb has beendevelopedthroughanetworkof intervenes. that leveltheconservatoiredulittoral ORSEC planbeingtriggered.Itissolelyat the absenceofStateservicesand managing marinepollutionincidents,in in ordertogiveelectedofficialsastarton intentionally setatasub-POLMARlevel speak ofshortcomings. hat operational framework That operationalframework he network is The networkis he network of The networkof 29 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 contribution tothe network.However, there and theconservatoire, inordertomakea stakeholders, thecommunityof communes a declarationofinterestsbetween two the network. elected officialsappointtotake partin pondent, inotherwordssomeone whom themselves toputtingforwardacorres- Using thecharter, localauthoritiescommit authorities. cal, andhumanresourcesofthoselocal to respondthelackoffinancial,techni- necessary tosetupgenuinepoolingefforts progress inthesituation.Similarly, itis be giventothatpointinordermake communities ofcommunes. rarely intherangeofcompetences marine pollutionincidentsonlyappears in respectoftheircompetences.Managing concerned, becauseofquestionsthatarise all thecommunitiesofcommunesare a charterwithlocalauthorities.Inthiscase, This operationalframeworkismadeupof from onecommunetoanother. occurrence ofpollutionthatcouldspread that enablestheconservatoireprevent tem comesfromthepresenceofanetwork ther accident. natural surroundings,thusavoidingafur- lution fromthepointofviewmanaging provide aconsultancyserviceforde-pol- the placeofelectedofficials. Theideaisto decision makerswithouttakingin lution. Inaddition,theyprovideadviceto the network,aswellrecognisingpol- The “MaritimePollutionandCoastlineoperationalNetwork” How toprepareformanagingmaritimepollution?Whattoolsuse? Round table2 he Charter constitutes The Charterconstitutes The addedvalueofthatsys- hought must Thought must DREAL take placebetweenprefectures. variable fromthevariousexchangesthat and Stateservices.Feedbackisalways remains tobefoundbetweenthenetwork The networkisperfectible;ameetingpoint network andtoprovidealinktheState. vatoire commitsitselftomoderatingthe information, etc.Foritspart,theconser- make anoteofthepollution,passon problem attheappropriatemoment.Itwill makes itsavailabletohelpdealwiththe a financialcontribution. The localauthority is noquestionofthelocalauthoritymaking Office fortheEnvironment, PlanningandHousing. l’Aménagement etdu Logement-FrenchRegional 20/ i.e.DirectionRégionaledel’Environnement, de mation to be updated, and a reminder to mation tobeupdated,andareminder to network pairsandmembers, infor- permits exchangestobeheld between The annualmeetingisanothertool that network. ment referencepointispresentwithinthe to electedofficials.Inaddition,adéparte- competent toprovideconsultancyservices ments indicatethatthenetworkguardsare to organisethenetwork. red bytheconservatoiresmakeiteasier coastal officersworkingintheareascove- Pre-existing agreementswitheachofthe what alreadyexists. ted. between thevariousresourcescontribu- be strengthenedtoprovideconsistency the subject,butapproachneedsto he conservatoire is in addition to The conservatoireisinadditionto 20 supports the conservatoire on supportstheconservatoireon Those agree- he The and Experimentation on Accidental Water Pollution. eaux –FrenchCentre ofDocumentation,Research d’expérimentations surlespollutionsaccidentelles des 21/ i.eCentrededocumentation,recherche et sheet oftheCEDRE put inplaceconcerningtherecognition Similarly, asystematicreminderhasbeen avoid anyconfusionwithexistingsystems. as welltheroleofparticipants,soto be issuedofthecoveragenetwork other delegations. other delegations. matter forconsiderationinconjunction with vatoire dulittoral. Accordingly, itisalso a the NormandiedelegationofConser- does notcomeunderthecompetenceof to Dieppe, but beyond that lies territory that littoral. of interventionbytheConservatoiredu extending itandactionoutsidetheperiod Optimising thenetworkin2011 consistsof matters withelectedofficials. implemented, outofaconcerntosimplify sheets. We mustpoolresourcesthatare have PCSs,thustheycontact with Stateservices.Somecommunes and requiringimprovementincollaboration sheet, whichisstillataprovisionalstage The lasttoolputinplaceisacontact services. and theinformationtobepassedState mine theresourcestobeimplemented), important forthemayorinordertodeter- to beassessed(informationthatisvery that sheetenablesthevolumeofpollution all trainingwork. Amongst othermatters, he network is due to be extended The networkisduetobeextended 21 , which takes part in , whichtakespartin 30 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 compensation). compensation). tion, preparation, crisismanagement,and with theriskofmaritimepollution (preven- interests ofcoastallocalauthorities faced sions tocovertheoveralldefence ofthe case, theconsortiumwidened itsmis- the newmillennium,atend ofthecourt other words:theUSA.Inearlyyearsof because itwastakentoitsverysource,in cially giventhesizeofcase,butalso a pollutionincident.Itwasbigfirst,espe- attack thosewhoweretrulyresponsiblefor coastal areashadneverjoinedforcesto in itsaim.Untilthen,electedofficialsfrom court case. pollution. ItisthestoryofChicago those whoweretrulyresponsibleforthe for damagesagainsttheStateand join forcesoutofadesiretobringclaim after the Amoco Cadizdisaster, decidedto set up by local elected officials immediately two localvigilancecommittees,whichwere consortium wassetupin1980,whenthe ting thenortherncoastofBretagne. a localauthorities’consortiumforprotec- Vigipol istheresultofastory, thestoryof Actions ledbyVigipol How toprepareformanagingmaritimepollution?Whattoolsuse? ❚ Round table2 ❚ President ofLannionTrégor ”Agglomération” Joël LEJUN,PresidentofVigipol, Mayor ofTrédrez-Locquémeau, hat story is fairly extraordinary That storyisfairlyextraordinary he The de Léon in North Finistère, and served de LéoninNorth Finistère,andserved step wastaken in2005,towardsSaintPol pollution occurs. The firstsub-POLMAR mits swifteffectiveness whenanytypeof have inplaceanorganisation that per- awareness oftheneedtoprepare andto The sub-POLMARapproachis the fruitof in thecommunes’intereststogocourt. so thatitcanbeknownwhetherornotis advises communes,largeandsmallalike, 300 000 euros.Finally, theorganisation brought aclaimfordamages,andobtained example, intheErikacourtcase,Vigipol or indirectdamagehasoccurred.For Vigipol alsogoestocourtwhennodirect not asseveretheyareinFrance. culty, especiallysincesanctionsareoften countries, whichconstitutesamajordiffi- matters examinedbycourtsintheirhome responsible partieshavesoughtto causes coastaldamage.Fromthenon, provide prooftoacourtthatthedumping sea –eventhoughitisverydifficultto those responsibleforillegaldumpingat the coastdirectlyorindirectly, byattacking respect ofanypollutionincidentaffecting with, itbringsaclaimfordamagesin Vigipol hasseveralmissions. the Brittanyregion. munes, joinedbythedépartementsand The consortiumisbasedoncoastalcom- and LaManche,theBrittanyregion. départements ofCôtes-d’Armor, Finistère, tal communesinthenorthofBretagne: Vigipol currentlybringstogether 108coas- T o begin o begin

Vigipol inimplementing sub-POLMAR There isalsothe questionoftherole is itabletoprovidebywayofservices. action: howfarcanthebodygo, andwhat then arisesthequestionof territoryof several otherterritoriesinBretagne. taking intoconsiderationtherequests from west toreachBrest–andthat iswithout laix areaandisduetobeextendedthe That approachwascontinuedfortheMor- and property, andtotriggerallprocedures. be implementedforthesafetyofpersons whom tocontactfirst,whatordersshould the mayor, whenaproblemarises,toknow to befoundineachtownhallandenabling communal safetyplan”,whereoneexists) POLMAR plan”or“maritimestrandofthe drawing upofarescueplan(called“sub- incident occurs. being transferredtothem)whenapollution for “wastemanagement”areincreasingly (competence for“theenvironment”and communes andtointer-communalbodies and whatresourceswereavailableto to knowwherego,storewaste, aspects ofthecoastwerestudiedinorder tal, regional,andnationalcontext, entire administrative,local,departemen- On thatoccasion,stockwastakenofthe came underasub-POLMARplanlastyear. (from FinistèretothePaimpolarea),thus area, thatistosaythenorthofBretagne under its coverage. The its under formalise itandtoextendallthearea greatly appreciated,whichledVigipol to as apilotexperiment. hat work led to the That workledtothe hat approach was That approachwas régor-Goëlo régor-Goëlo here There that we are in a global context of transfer that weareina globalcontextoftransfer administration as itexiststoday, knowing partnerships mustbeentered into withthe have policepowers,butappropriate at thebaseofpyramid,since mayors Vigipol remainsattachedtothecommunes can besetupvaryinthecurrent context. the maritimesector. much greaterimportance,particularlyin now greater, withregionshavingacquired position ofinter-communalstructuresis State, whichoversawlocalauthorities. départements, andmoreespeciallythe interlocutors werethecommunes, When Vigipol wassetup,theprincipal tionships betweenthevariousterritories. are nowapparentwithregardtorela- body cameintobeingin1980,difficulties The contexthaschangedgreatlysincethe with ourneighbours. tivate itinordertoshareourexperiences d’Opale, anditwouldbeofinteresttoreac- mon declarationwasmadewiththeCôte on alargerscale.Fiveyearsago,com- Vigipol mustnowformalise relationships information. them getonwiththeprocessofcollecting them withadviceandsupportwhilstletting ded toimplementtheplan,andproviding authorities withallthemethodologynee- ally oneofengineering,providinglocal I wouldadvocatethatourroleisessenti- to takeaseriesofmeasures.Formypart, structure (threeagents),soweareunable plans. Letusnotforgetthatweareasmall he structures that The structuresthat he The 31 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 22/ i.e.International OilPollutionCompensationfund. changed, sotheIOPCfund the Amoco Cadiz,thesituationwaslittle rience ofthe previously shownthatbetweentheexpe- progress beingmadeovertime.Itwas The variousactionstakenhaveledto authorities. of responsibilitiesfromtheStatetolocal Actions ledbyVigipol How toprepareformanagingmaritimepollution?Whattoolsuse? co-operation onvariousaspects: that end.Itsaimistoworkinmuch closer out thecommitmentsthatmust bemadeto we wishtotakeduringthisconference sets The spiritofthedeclarationintent that maritime law. in ordertomakeprogressthefieldof must beabletoweighdownoninstitutions territory, wemustbeprepared,and are responsibleforourcoastand and thatoflocal-authorityservices.We between thepreparationofStateservices T approach, withsynergybetweenPOLMAR are nowworkingtowardsasub-POLMAR plans havealsobeenimproved,andwe stakeholder beingmobilised.POLMAR that period. has increasedingreatmeasureduring fresh pollutionincidentoccurs. services andtolocalauthoritieswhena up inordertoprovideassistanceState implemented. nel trafficseparationschemewasalso Following the Amoco Cadiz,theChan- Round table2 erre and sub-POLMAR, that is to say erre andsub-POLMAR,thatistosay hat progress is due to each That progressisduetoeach T orrey Canyon and that of orrey Canyonandthatof he CEDRE was also set The CEDREwasalsoset 22 was set up. wassetup. he IOPC The IOPC „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ tions’ abilitytotakeco-ordinatedaction. local authorities’andmaritimeorganisa- any actionthatcontributestoimproving incidents and managementofmaritimepollution maritime safetyaswelltheprevention the wholeChannelareainrespectof Franco-British co-operationacross ment ofmaritimepollution risks, theprevention,andmanage- State representativesasregardsthe representatives oflocalauthoritiesand carrying outcommonworkbetween pollution nising resourcesforthefightagainst associating localauthoritieswithorga- ties thatfallvictimtomaritimepollution defending theinterestsoflocalauthori- training forelectedofficialsandstaff conditions to prepareforthoserisksinthebest maritime pollutionandtheresources tal andChannelareasontherisksof informing electedofficialsofthecoas- „ „ of «Côtesd’Armor»(Brittany, France). POLMAR exerciseinthedepartment

© Marine nationale / M.-T. Guiavarch 32 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 witnesses butwithout theparticipationof advisors. and legal,maritimetechnical expert A panelwasmadeoflocalcouncillors was ledbyaneminentlocalprofessor. we decidedtomakealocalenquiry. It government refused.We hadissuesand and thatiswhattheyaskedfor. Butthe public enquiryledbythegovernment Councillors believedtherewouldbea the ChiefExecutiveand After whathappenedwiththeNapoli be pushedforwardthroughgovernment. authority andlobbiesaswellforissuesto authorities. Itworkswiththegovernment the UK.Itcanbesharedwithalllocal lop plans,techniques,andsystemswithin this associationtheycangotoanddeve nationally. Localgovernmentofficershave ciation whichisanassociationformed We havegotalocalgovernment asso below thedistrictcouncils. alone. but theyhavenodistrict. T We haveunitariessuchas Plymouthand with thecountybutoverseesit. for ruralareas. line withthecounty. district councilsthatworkbelowandin vernment. We havecounty councilsand the UKworks.We havegotcentral go A quickbriefonhowlocalgovernmentin A coordinatedapproachfromBritishlocalauthorities How toprepareformanagingmaritimepollution?Whattoolsuse? ❚ Round table2 orbay thatworkverysimilarlytoacounty ❚ Government Association’s CoastalIssuesSpecialInterestGroup Stephen O’ROURKE,DevonCountyCouncilandforonbehalfoftheLocal Then youhaveparishcouncils There werewritten submissions, They alsoworkdirectly They areresponsible They stand - - -

© Marine nationale/MT Johann Guiavarch „ „ The MSCNapoli towedbythetug Abeille Liberté and,inthebackground, Anglian Princess. 33 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 enquiry. recommendations comingfromtheNapoli ber lastyear. being reviewedorrefreshedfrom Novem should havedone. a lotmoreassistancetheyneeded of extent oftheirduty. It probablygoesalittlebitbeyond the the MCA haveassistedlocalauthorities. to thelandresponse. All overtheyears, got withintheUK.Itcrossesborderson written forallshippingincidentswehave contingency planontheMCA hold.Itwas I mentionedpreviouslythenational process ofupdatingitagain. the planinJune2008andweare an incidentonourcoasts.Soweupdated case itexplainshowwewouldrespondto to setupplansagainsttherisks.Inour Local authoritiesintheUKarerequired plan aswell. Devon Countyandthecoastalpollution in 2008whichactuallycoverstheallof had toupdateit.We came upwithaplan pollution plandated2000.It’sclearwe As Imentionedbeforewehadacoastal better. is alwaysanissue.We canalwaysdoit ponse wegetintheUKcommunication Communication: inanyemergencyres with quitealotofrecommendations. The reportwehadfromthatcameback park theNapolionDevoncoastline. question wasraisedwhyitdecidedto MCA whichranitsownenquiry. Infactthe A coordinatedapproachfromBritishlocalauthorities How toprepareformanagingmaritimepollution?Whattoolsuse? Round table2 They willcertainlyenclosed This planaswellis They haveprovided - - The LGA shoreline coastalpollutiongroup. review. We havemeetingsanda very closelytogether. We consistently and Devon. a groupwithCornwall, as aregion.We workasalocalforum, and Somerset. All ofthosecometogether bours: Cornwall,Dorset,Gloucester, Avon Plymouth and Forum. a debatewithintheLocalResilience The nextstepafterthelocalenquirywas 23/ i.e.LocalGovernment Association. a numberofyoualreadywent through through thecourts.Ihavepicked upthat framework topursueclaimsif necessary first recommendation which is a legislative finance consuming.Iwilljust mentionthe process asyoucanimagine, time and the Europeangovernment.Itisaslow direct totheUKgovernmentbutalso tions wearelobbyingthroughtheLGA at them. As regardsotherrecommenda them arenotfeasibleandwehavelooked by localauthoritiesnationally. Someof commendations thathavebeenreviewed result, wecameupwith29separatere employed alegalfirmtolookatthat. Asa that wewillfundaseparatereport.We a memberofthegroup.Itwasdecided in France.SophieBahéfromVigipol is are sharedwiththeLGA andourpartners ping incidents. group aftertheNapolitolookintoship There areDevonCountyCouncil, 23 hasformedaspecialinterest Those 4neighbourswork T The resultsofthatgroup orbay, andourneigh T orbay, Plymouth - - - - point outthatin UKthelocalauthorities authorities have todealwiththat.Imust tion couldbeprohibitiveaswell andthe we realizethatthecostsforother pollu The previousplanwasbasedon oilbut The planmustcoverallformsof pollution. during theclaim. representation fromthestartandnotonly they willcomeintoarecoverygroupwith would certainlybelookingatmakingsure gues herefromthefishingindustrywe or addressed.Soasregardsthecollea sure everyone’sneedhasbeenlookedat already rectifiedthat.It’stotryandmake everyone onboard.Partofthenewplan the participationofkeypartnersbringing public andtheoutsidesalvers-ensure way thebeachesweredealtwith certainly neededfortheNapoliin be flexibleinourapproach-thiswas We shouldidentifyclearly theleadership, we raisedwithintherecommendations. We alreadyaddressedthe issuesthat we generallyget. should target60%notonlythe40%that for chasingourmoney. Myviewisthatwe looking foranexitstrategyand cess asitwaswronglyadvised.We are Devon Countydroppedoverthepro For theNapoliwehadonly40%returned. claims. Butitisaninadequateprocess. We shouldrelyontheMCA topursueour been verylaxintheUKondoingthat. try andchasecompensations.We have the courtsystemtotryandchaseclaims, - - - tourism. back toourcommunityandareaforthe take theleadifonlyforrecovery to taketheleadandweobviouslywould much lookedupontodothatclearup, beaches. Howeverwewouldbevery have nolegalresponsibilitytocleanthe 34 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 concentration of“Seveso”sites. estuary andtheSeineuptoParis, witha along thecoast,andthosebordering the the communitiesofcommunes established of raisingawarenessamongstcommunes, red athinktankonaninitiativewiththeaim upon itsexperience.We graduallyprepa- within CESERtohearVigipol andtodraw veloped subjects. not seemtomebeoneofthemorede- Channel Arc Manche,maritimesafetydid work hadalreadybeendonewithinthe to consider. Eventhoughveryconstructive ty forgivingregionalelectedofficialspoints councillors ofourCESERtotheopportuni- Following thatmeeting,Ialertedthe to dealwiththepollution. action andtheythenfindthemselvesalone when Statesystemsdonotcomeinto dealing withsuchcatastrophes,especially munes arenotnecessarilyhardenedto consequences. of maritimepollutionincidentsandtheir Bretons wereabletoimplementintheface appropriate andpragmaticinitiativethat aware oftheexistenceVigipol, ahighly rence washeldinSaint-Brieuc.Ibecame September 2007,anEMDIprojectconfe- between GreatBritainandFrance.In ment, andinter-regionalrelationships with regionalcouncil’sbudgets,employ- Environmental Council. Régional -FrenchRegional Economic,Socialand 24/ i.eConseilEconomique,SocialetEnvironnemental The Haute-NormandieCESER The needforcoordinationfromFrenchlocalauthorities How toprepareformanagingmaritimepollution?Whattoolsuse? ❚ Round table2 ❚ Social and Environmental Council Social andEnvironmentalCouncil of theHaute-NormandieRegionalEconomic, Annick Benoît,Vice-President The mayorsofsmallcom- hat is behind the desire That isbehindthedesire 24 deals deals

catastrophe. that arecalledupontoactincase of in communes,andtoalltheassociations ought tomakeVigipol availablefortraining local electedofficialsandtheir staff. We Nowadays, thechallengeliesintraining 28 January2011. 25/ Cf Annex 3–« FécampDeclaration», in itsregion Basse-Normandie CESERonmajorrisks that appearinthedocumentproducedby see proposalsregardingmaritimerisks claration putforwardtoday, weonceagain been raised.Inthetextofcommonde- sectors inwhichawarenesshasnotyet T to Vigipol (inBretagne)reallyexists. Maritime, andPicardie,wherenothingakin with thecoastbetweenCalvados,Seine- by sayingthatwemustconcernourselves person oftheHaute-NormandieRegion, what hasbeensaidbyMr. LeVern, Chair- good start.Ishouldliketocontribute a officials aswewouldhavelikedto,itis brought togetherasmanylocalelected munes. Eventhoughwehavenotcurrently mayors ofcommunesandsmallcom- who formourconcern,inotherwordsthe made progressinordertohelpthepublic and followingmultipleinitiatives,wehave Since then,fromonethinktanktoanother oday, weneedtoconcernourselveswith

25 .

❚ are insufficient for such a significant length are insufficient forsuchasignificantlength Human, financial,andtechnical resources maritime riskwasandremains veryreal. a riskifoneshouldarise. And yet,that and knewevenlesshowtomanage such terviewed werenottrulyaware ofthatrisk, out, mayorsalongthecoastwho werein- Bretagne. Duringasurveythatwecarried region hadneverbeenaffected –unlike pollution seemedminimal,giventhatthe tant. Why?Becausetherisksofmarine see themaritimeaspectasbeingimpor- However, thefactremainsthattheydonot refore alittlemoreaffected thantheothers. added. I come from Honfleur, and I am the- rapporteur, Iaskedforthataspecttobe aspect intoaccount.Inmycapacityas not allthememberstookmaritime on thatstudyofmajortechnologicalrisks, dings. Inthefirstworkinggrouptobeheld taking intoaccounttheNormandieLan- nuclear riskandcombat-equipmentrisk, The mostsignificantrisksconcerned „ „ „ „ „ „ „ seven strands: gical risksinBasse-Normandiecontains The studycarriedoutonmajortechnolo - „ „ „ „ „ „ „ ❚ maritime risk. the riskofbarragerupture nuclear risk material risks linkedtotransportingdangerous industrial risk risks fromcombatequipment mining risk Regional Economic, Social and Environmental Council Regional Economic,SocialandEnvironmentalCouncil Christian Fougeray ember of the Basse-Normandie , MemberoftheBasse-Normandie d’Opale. entire NormandiecoastandontheCôte work inco-operationwithVigipol alongthe a consortiumoflocalauthoritiesthatwould of anequivalentconsortium,thatistosay more closelywithVigipol, orthesettingup the CESER,wesuggestedeitherworking the timetogetready. Inourproposalsto that typeofevent,anditwouldseemtobe folk. We arenotatallpreparedtodealwith on thosepopulations,startingwithfisher- imagine theimpactofapollutionincident population dependontourism.Onecan example, inthePaysd’Auge,18%of significant proportionofthepopulation.For coast, asectorthatprovideslivingfor tourist sectoroftheBasse-Normandie And yet,pollutioncanbedramaticforthe few peopletrainedincaseofaproblem. amounts ofmaterial.Finally, therearevery relatively smallinsizeandwithonly bourg, inter-communalgroupingsarealso the exceptionofCaen-la-MerandCher- 300 inhabitants,andfewresources.With have populationsofabout1000to of coastline.85%coastalcommunes 35 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 Interventions from the audience maritime arc that concerns us. maritime arcthatconcernsus. us fromBresttotheBelgianborder, forthe set upthosefaçadecommissionstolink tant forallinvolvedtopushtheMinistry diate pollution–intoaccount.Itisimpor- must takeallrisks–andnotjustimme- Strategy Directive. aim ofimplementingtheEuropeanMarine on settingupfaçadecommitteeswiththe member havereceivedacommunication and Sea”commissionofwhichIama The watershedcommitteeandthe“Coast for NatureandtheEnvironment Haute-Normandie Administrator Claude BARBAY ,

hat marine strategy That marinestrategy order toretainthat supportvessel. that wemustdo everythingthatwecanin vessels thatwereindifficulty, andIthink de-pollution workandtotakeunder tow de-Calais. Ihadoccasiontoplay arolein withdrawal ofthetugbasedin Pas- Furthermore, Ideplorethepossible ill-equipped fromaregulatorypointofview. the experienceshowedthatmayorwas the communetohandlethatexpense,but 000. Acting onacollectivebasis,wehelped transport thewaste,inotherwordsover€6 blem layinfindingfinancingtoprocessand were abletocleanthebeach,butpro- Thanks toanintegrationassociation,we the polluterinordertostartproceedings. known. Itisthereforeverydifficulttoidentify the pollutionandtimewhenitwasmade Several dayspassedbetweentheonsetof to dealwiththattypeofpollutionincident. communes isthattheyarenotequipped action wastaken. a complaint,inrespectofwhichnofurther to managethepollutionincident.Shemade gave herconfirmationofcompetence and 10cm. yellow ballswithadiameterofbetween5 stretch ofcoastline,madeupgreasy made awareofpollutionaffecting her of smallcommunes.MadamMayorwas a minorpollutionincident,butillustrative commune dePennedepiehavingsuffered I shallinterveneonthesubjectof and Maritime Affairs, Honfleur Deputy HeadofPort Claude CHIHERIE, he Conservatoire du Littoral The ConservatoireduLittoral he problem with small The problemwithsmall

analyse itdifferently toimprove that. data youhavegotinadifferent wayand think outsidetheboxanduseexcellent fairly lowcostexercise. You havegotto oil spillsby23%.Moreover, thatwasa marks whichhasreducedthenumberof have takenacensusof120navigation on whattodowhenaspillhappens,they tead oflookinginsidetheboxanddeciding Kattegat areadidthesameexercise.Ins- the SwedeslookingatSkagerrak– excellent pieceofwork. One ofthethingsVigipol has doneisan Chairman ofMarineSouthEast Iain SHEPHERD he Danes and The Danesand 36 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 © Douanes françaises made acomplaint. commune affected bythepollutionhad to dealwiththeproblem,becausenoother arising inthefuture.Ifoundmyselfalone any money, buttoavoidsuchasituation I madeacomplaintnotinbidtorecover have becausethedamagewasminimal. supply invoices,invoicesthatIdidnot the caseproceedings,Iwasaskedto and collectthefueloilourselves.During communal employees,andwehadtogo was nottakenanyfurther. Ihadjustthree procedural irregularities,andthematter in Spain.We hadourcase dismissedfor for damages,andthematterwenttocourt maritime affairs inBrest.I broughtaclaim was givenahearingbythedepartmentof in 2003. Prestige, whichsankoff the Spanishcoast was identifiedashavingcomefromthe rie cametotakesamples. I madeacomplaint,andthegendarme- tion incident:hundredsofkilosfueloil. In 2003,Iwasthevictimofasmallpollu- Mayor ofVattetot-sur-Mer Jean-Yves SORET T o takemycomplaintfurther, I ,

he pollution The pollution Alexis MAHEUT par rapportàlapollution. suis conscientquecelademandecertainsmoyensfinanciers. Cependant,cen’estrien l’image delaHaute-Normandie,victimed’uneimagenégative relativeàlapollution.Je se mettred’accordsurlestarifs.Ilestgrandtempsdefairequelquechoseafinredorer cier lespêcheursencasdepollution,laHaute-Normandieet laprofessionn’ontjamaispu anormal quel’ontransfèredupétrolesansaucunesécurité. Quand auxessaispourasso- pétroliers nousayonsdesremorqueursdesécuritépourcesbateauxpétroliers.Jetrouve produits pendantunequinzainedejours.Deplus,jedemandequedanslesgrandsports bas-de combat »,ladestinationétanttouristique.Résultat,nousn’avonspuvendrenos dynamique aétélenteàs’amorcer, autantpourDeauville,ilyaeuunvéritable« branle- la plageduHavreetàDeauville. Autant lapopulationn’apasétéinforméeauHavreet encore àl’époqueunportautonome.Lapollutionestsortiedupourallerselogersur pour cegenredeproblème,lemaireouPréfetMaritime,puisqueportduHavreétait basse etlesbarragesdepleinemerdoncinutiles.Nousnesavionspasquiestcompétent la pollutionétaitsortieduport.Lematin,nousavonssortilesbarrages,maismer à 22 heureslesoiretplanPOLMARaétédéclenché7matin.Decefait, 100 m³ defioul.LechoixpolitiqueaétéfermerleportduHavre.L’incidentestsurvenu grand port.JesuisunancienMarin-pêcheurauHavre.Ilya14ans,leKadjinperdu vais vousdonnerunexempledenon-organisationmalgrélefaitquenoussoyons Chaque foisquel’onparledepollution,lesmarins-pêcheurssontvisésenpremier. Je (Regional CommitteeforSea-FishingandMarineCultivation) Chairman oftheHaute-NormandieCRPMEM ,

standards. European commissiontodrive thehigh local communities.We shouldasktothe with industryandalsothepoliticians raise thestandards;wehavegottolobby who haveadubioustraining.We haveto there isanincreasingnumberofthem of ships,theymustbewelltrained.But the standardsofseafarersandofficers through nationalgovernments. the Europeancommission,onIMO regional levelmustputthispressureon work handinhand. prepared forit,butIthinkwehavegotto communities. We mustof course be oil spill,it’sanawfulthing,anditruins it. Actually weneverwanttodealwith about oilspillandhowtodealwith The thingIwouldsayiswearetalking Chairman ofMarineSouthEast Iain SHEPHERD tences. ports receivingnewenvironmentalcompe- port, andwehavenotspokenofmain In LeHavre,wehavealottodowiththe (“Ecology forLeHavre”) Association “Ecologie pourLeHavre” Deputy Chairpersonofthe Sylvie BARBIER,

he politicians on the The politiciansonthe

T o improve o improve 37 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 List of Acronyms and Abbreviations SOSREP SNSM PPRN PPRI POLMAR PCS ORSEC NUCMAR MRCC MCA MARPOL LGA IOPC IMO ILO GIS EUROSR EMSA EMDI DREAL DIRM DDE CROSS CESER CEDRE CAMIS Secretary of State’s Representative for Maritime Salvage and Intervention Secretary ofState’sRepresentative forMaritimeSalvageandIntervention Société NationaledeSauvetage enMer(FrenchNationalSea-Rescue Association) Plan dePréventiondesRisques Naturels(FrenchNatural-RiskPreventionPlan) Plan dePréventiondesRisques Industriels(FrenchIndustrial-RiskPreventionPlan) The POLMARPlaniscomposedofamaritimepart(POLMAR Mer)andalandpart(POLMAR Plan PollutionMaritime(FrenchMarinePlan). Plan CommunaldeSauvegarde(FrenchLocalProtectionPlan) Organisation delaRéponseSécuritéCivile(FrenchCivil Safety ResponseOrganization) Plan NucléaireMaritime(FrenchMarineNuclearPlan) Maritime RescueCo-ordinationCentre Maritime andCoastguard Agency Marine PollutionConvention Government Association Local International OilPollutionCompensationfund International MaritimeOrganization International LabourOrganization Geographic InformationSystem European externalborderSurveillancesystem European MaritimeSafety Agency Espace MancheDevelopmentInitiative (French RegionalOfficeforEnvironment,PlanningandHousing) Direction Régionaledel’Environnement,l’AménagementetduLogement Direction Inter-RégionaleàlaMer(FrenchInterregionalGovernmentOfficefortheSea) Direction Départementaledel’Equipement(FrenchDepartmentalOfficeofInfrastructure) (French RegionalOperationsCentreforMonitoringandRescue) Centre RégionalOpérationneldeSurveillanceetSauvetage (French RegionalEconomic,Social,andEnvironmentalCouncil) Conseil Economique,SocialetEnvironnementalRégional (Centre ofDocumentation,ResearchandExperimentationon Accidental Water Pollution) Centre deDocumentation,Rechercheetd’Expérimentationssurlespollutionsaccidentellesdeseaux Channel Arc MancheIntegratedStrategy

T erre).

38 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 Annexes The Arc The CAMISproject(Channel Arc MancheIntegratedStrategy)...... “Fécamp Declaration”,28January2011...... Manche...... 40 44 42 39 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 British partners. the projectbringstogether19Frenchand Coveringaperiodof4years(2009-2013), stakeholders. fostering concreteco-operationbetween time strategyfortheChannelareawhilst and implementinganintegratedmari- the CAMISProjectaimsatdeveloping France (Channel)–Englandprogramme, framework oftheINTERREGIV A Approved inJune2009,withinthe the Channelarea A Strategyfor CAMIS The CAMISproject(Channel Arc MancheIntegratedStrategy) annexe I

national policies. recent developmentsintheEuropean and position whilsttakingintoaccount the Strategy) Projectseekstoconfirm this CAMIS (Channel Arc MancheIntegrated Launched inOctober2009,thenew sion. championed bytheEuropeanCommis- basin oftheintegratedmaritimepolicy tioning itselfasademonstrationmaritime opportunity fortheChannelareatoposi- area inEurope.Italsohighlightedthe nel Arc Mancheasacoherentco-operation arguments fortherecognitionofChan- This firstprojectbroughtsomeconvincing „ „ „ ration between2004and2008 : ment oftheChannel Arc MancheCo-ope- Project stronglycontributedtothedevelop- (Espace MancheDevelopmentInitiative) West Europeprogramme, theEMDI Funded withintheINTERREGIIIBNorth „ „ „ Europe ». led « ChannelSpaces,aworldwithin creation ofacross-channelatlas,entit- a commonelectronicplatformandthe particular throughthedevelopmentof Channel areaandissuesatstake,in Developing greaterknowledgeofthe various fields ; T Channel area ; Working-out astrategicvision forthe esting new co-operation avenues in esting newco-operationavenuesin FROM EMDIT O CAMIS… it isrelevant. Atlantic andtheNorthSeaareawhenever nel areaaswellitsinteractionwiththe The projectwillconsiderthewholeChan- time strategy…). Channel area(portsandtransport,mari- project) orsector-basedstrategiesforthe scientific knowledge(suchastheCHARM consider someotherprojectsdeveloping T „ „ „ „ on 4mainstrands : The CAMISProjectstrategycentres o meet these objectives, the project will o meettheseobjectives,theprojectwill „ „ „ „ national policies Falling withinthescopeofEuropeanand maritime basin Federating initiativesatthescaleofthis maritime governance T Channel area and sustainabledevelopmentofthe Setting uptheconditionsforaconcerted esting tools and organisations for a esting toolsandorganisationsfora CAMIS PROJECTSTRATEGY

„ „ „ „ information : of theChannelareaandmutualise To improvetheknowledge „ „ nance oftheChannelarea : To developaframeworkforthegover- ❚ ❚ „ „ „ „ „ „ tools (atlas,observatories…). organisations, projectsandknowledge Inventory andanalysisofstakeholders, the Channelarea »; Setting up of a « Cross-Channel atlas ; Development ofanelectronic as wellatoolfordecision-makers ; stakeholders andthegeneralpublicbut serve asaninformationplatformfor Setting upofawebsitewhichcould Channel basin. and themanagementofEnglish who areinterestedinthedevelopment Forum » gatheringallthestakeholders Setting upofa« Cross-Channel long-term actionstobeundertaken ; issues anddefiningshort,medium Strategy» analyzingcurrentandfuture Drafting ofa« IntegratedMaritime ❚ ❚ Resource Centre Channel area Governance Maritime CAMIS WORKSTRAND

Scientific Committee for Scientific Committee for

40 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 „ „ intermodality intheChannelarea : To improvemaritimetransportand „ „ „ „ clusters in4sectors: identify opportunitiesforcross-border tion supportpoliciesandmeasures To exchangegoodpracticeininnova- cross-border actionsandprojects. To exchangegoodpracticeanddevelop ❚ ❚ ❚ „ „ „ „ „ „ and recommendations. and recommendations. Drawing upofacross-borderstrategy Channel area ; infrastructure andtrafficflowsinthe Analysis ofcurrentandfuturetransport Marine environment Sustainable marineoperations Marinas andwateractivities Renewable marineenergies ❚ ❚ ❚ maritimeandintermodality Maritime transport and maritimeclusters Innovation development Workforce

„ „ tion risk : authorities tomanagemaritimepollu- To improvethecapabilityoflocal ❚ „ „ co-British network ; local authoritiesandsettingupofaFran- Awareness-raising actions targetedat Channel area ; Analysis ofmaritimepollutionriskinthe ❚ safety Maritime

Hampshire CountyCouncil VIGIPOL University ofChichester Bretagne Prospective (SEEDA) South EastEnglandDevelopment Agency IFREMER Boulogne Marine SouthEast University ofCaen–Basse-Normandie Nord-Pas deCalaisRegion CRITT Kent CountyCouncil Picardie Region Devon CountyCouncil Basse-Normandie Region Cornwall Council Region Bretagne West SussexCountyCouncil Haute-Normandie Region(leadpartner) and commonobjectives 19 partnerssharingthesamevision

T ransport etLogistique 41 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 two main objectives are: main objectives two Assembly’s The initiates proposals. and reflection dialogue, in engages Arc Assembly Manche The Channel. the English bordering authorities 7British local and Regions comprises 5 Assembly The the Arc MancheAssembly an Executive Committee and a a and Committee Executive an has Arc Assembly Manche The categories of stakeholders. sizes withdifferent and varying of projects joint of the setting-up Channel area in the Union; European the in area co-operation coherent Arc of as Manche the a uniqueness and interests the Representing Strengthening the partnerships partnerships the Strengthening by facilitating by facilitating French French Sussex County Council, Isle of Wight Council. County Council, Southampton Council, City East Council, West Sussex County Council, Hampshire City &Hove Brighton Council, County Kent 2. Normandie, Région Bretagne. Région Haute-Normandie, Région Basse- 1. Région Région Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Picardie, partnerships. Franco-British of the development and the Assembly of the objectives contributing towards achieving in interested stakeholders debate with exchange and for year, which is opportunity an Arc Conference Manche each organises an Assembly The English vice-versa). and and years (French two for elected President and a Vice-President [email protected] Région Haute-Normandie Région Tél. 0033 (0) 235Tél. 52 0033 56 96 (0) Fax 0033 (0) 235Fax 52 0033 57 (0) 65 5, rue Robert Schuman 5, Robert rue 76174 1 cedex Rouen Hôtel de Région BP 1129BP France Secretariat Arc Manche www.arcmanche.com Cont

AC West Sussex County Council [email protected] ts ts Tél. 0044 (0) 1243 (0) Tél. 756695 0044 Fax 0044 (0) 1243 (0) Fax 777697 0044 United Kingdom United Kingdom West Sussex West Sussex County Hall Hall County Chichester Chichester PO19 1RQ The Arc annexe II a a Manche, Arc

shared future shared area, common Manche

two main objectives are: main objectives two Assembly’s The initiates proposals. and reflection dialogue, in engages Arc Assembly Manche The Channel. the English bordering authorities 7British local and Regions comprises 5 Assembly The the Arc MancheAssembly European Union; Union; European the in area co-operation coherent Arc of as Manche the a uniqueness an Executive Committee and a a and Committee Executive an has Arc Assembly Manche The categories of stakeholders. sizes withdifferent and varying of projects joint of the setting-up Channel area in the and interests the Representing Strengthening the partnerships partnerships the Strengthening by facilitating by facilitating French French Sussex County Council, Isle of Wight Council. County Council, Southampton Council, City East Council, West Sussex County Council, Hampshire City &Hove Brighton Council, County Kent 2. Normandie, Région Bretagne. Région Haute-Normandie, Région Basse- 1. Région Région Nord-Pas-de-Calais, Picardie, partnerships. Franco-British of the development and the Assembly of the objectives contributing towards achieving in interested stakeholders debate with exchange and for year, which is opportunity an Arc Conference Manche each organises an Assembly The English vice-versa). and and years(French two for elected President and a Vice-President [email protected] Région Haute-Normandie Région Tél. 0033 (0) 235Tél. 52 0033 56 96 (0) Fax 0033 (0) 235Fax 52 0033 57 (0) 65 5, rue Robert Schuman 5, Robert rue 76174 1 cedex Rouen Hôtel de Région BP 1129BP France Secretariat Arc Manche www.arcmanche.com Cont

AC West Sussex County Council [email protected] ts ts Tél. 0044 (0) 1243 (0) Tél. 756695 0044 Fax 0044 (0) 1243 (0) Fax 777697 0044 United Kingdom United Kingdom West Sussex West Sussex County Hall Hall County Chichester Chichester PO19 1RQ a a Manche, Arc 42

SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS future shared - area, common FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011

Manche Assembly Manche Arc the is solution day –amodern policies implement and responses suitable seek to areas relevant the for is Theneed borders. and administrative territorial of account take always not do today world the facing of Arc Assembly Manche president andvice-president Brad Watson,et Le VernAlain ❝ Assembly. Assembly. Manche Arc Manche Arc the the of of 2005by increation October the strengthened Channel. Since 2003 Arc the Manche is also apoliticalproject, British and French territories bordering orEnglish in the Arc Manche is ageographical area made up of the and politicalarea inEurope Arc Manche,ageographical The big issues issues The big

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B D C A R T O 20 02 O rd na nc e S urve y 2003 outcomes of the project will will outcomes the project of concrete The the Channel area. within co-operation Franco-British central aimis to increase project’s EMDI The project. ongoing the Arc Manche’shas been main Initiative The the Channel. of sides both on importance issue considerable of European Maritime Policy the creation thein debate on a of engaged Arc is Manche actively borders. across projects common support is tothis promote and programme European recognition. which is a sign of its improved Europeanborder Programme(s), the in next included be Arc area Manche to the whole of the eligibility successful for calling in has been Arc Assembly Manche The Achievements andprojects

on the British side and Channel every day every Channel 275 1,000 Between 33.8 GDP of the area: 19,220,000 Coastline length : year on the Channel the on year Espace Manche Development Arc MancheFacts andfigures million tons of dangerous products are transported every (EMDI) (2004-2007) (2004-2007) (EMDI) millions of tourists in 2004 fishing vessels movements recorded every day 500 and and 395,200 Cross- inhabitants in of which 2002, 5,500 The aim of aimof The 600 , an , an 12,058,000 km vessel movements through the through the movements vessel million euros in 2002 in euros million at www.emdi.certic.unicaen.fr available information More management). integratedand zone coastal research and development, fi and sheries shing resources, fi intermodality, transport and safety fion (tourism, maritime ve themes actions pilot of implementation and aStrategic of Vision, production maps…), (statistics, area Channel the on information relevant of the creation adatabase of be on the French side 7,162,000

43 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 pollution of any significance. It is also pollution ofanysignificance.Itisalso suffered fewcasesofaccidentalmaritime activities, theChannelhas–happily However, inspiteoftheintensitythose undersea depths,andmarineenergy. uses oftheseaarea:exploitation must beaddedthedevelopmentofother Dover Strait,andcontinuestogrow. ficant, beingparticularlyintenseinthe Maritime activityintheChannelissigni- Great Britain). roughly equalpartsbetweenFranceand 000 vesselsregistered,dividedinto countries) andbypleasure-boating(350 British fleetsaswelltheofother in service,drawnfromtheFrenchand by fishing(almost4 000vessels and goods. Those figures areaddedto Channel journeysinvolvingpassengers three minutes),inadditiontoseveralcross- pass through(arateofonevesselevery vessels carryingover300tonnesofgoods Each day, anaverageofalmost500 ly-used seaareasintheworld. transport system,isoneofthemostheavi- The Channel,amajoraxisoftheEuropean Joint Declaration Accidental MaritimePollutionandLocal Authorities annexe llI T o this o this of pollution, and sufficient knowledge of of pollution,andsufficientknowledge of materialsthatmaybeneededincase officials andforstaff, tailoredmanagement protection plans,trainingplansforelected so theydonothaveinplacecommunal up tomaritimepollutionintheirterritory, groups ofcommuneshavenothadtoface Except inBretagne,mostcommunesor provide materialand/orfinancialsupport. and Regionsaremostoftencalleduponto the pollution,andthatDépartements and theMayor, dependingontheextentof operations issharedbetweenthePrefect France, themanagementofland-based pollution. We oughttoremember thatin up toordealwithcasesofmaritime currently sufficientlypreparedtoface authorities alongtheChannelcoastare In thefaceofallthoserisks,fewlocal the UnitedKingdom. and curbingpolicyfollowedinFrance the lastfewyearsthankstoprevention coasts, eveniftheirnumberhasfallenover pollution alongtheFrenchandBritish dumping amongstthesourcesofmaritime important toconsidertheentiretyofillegal and jointactionsaimedatpromoting: that itshouldcoverexchangesofinformation affected byChannelcoastlineprotection,and in partnershipwiththeotherstakeholders strengthened co-operationtobecarriedout regions pintheirhopes. a Europeanmaritimepolicyonwhichthe regions, andinthecontextofimplementing mework ofthecompetencesvarious That co-operationiscarriedoutinthefra- pollution. safety andtothemanagementofmaritime project, onquestionslinkedtomaritime – UnestratégieintégréepourlaManche) (Channel Arc MancheIntegratedStrategy they havebeguninthecontextofCAMIS have decidedtoextendtheco-operationthat Normandie Region,meetinginFécamp, Basse-Normandie Region,andtheHaute- the PicardyRegion,Brittany d’Opale, theNord-Pas-de-CalaisRegion, the Localauthorities’consortiumofCôte Protection oftheBretagneCoastline,Vigipol, the Localauthorities’consortiumfor Sharing thisfinding,representativesof procedures forseekingcompensation.

hey wish for that They wishforthat 28 Januar y 2011 –Fécamp „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ time organisations. on thepartoflocalauthoritiesandmari- the abilityforco-ordinatedintervention any actionthatcontributestoimproving of maritimepollution, well asthepreventionandmanagement level inrespectofmaritimesafety, as Franco-British co-operationatChannel the managementofmaritimepollution, as regardstherisks,prevention,and local authoritiesandnational joint workingbetweenrepresentativeof pollution, organise resourcesinthefightagainst local authoritiescomingtogetherto pollution, rities thathavefallenvictimtomaritime defending theinterestsoflocalautho- bers ofstaff, training forelectedofficialsandmem- conditions, preparing forthoserisksinthebest maritime pollutionandthewaysof Channel coastalareaontherisksof information forelectedofficialsofthe , Haute-Normandie 44 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 Notes

45 SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - FÉCAMP (HAUTE-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JANUARY 2011 Notes

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2011 (HA UT E-NORMANDIE, FRANCE) - 28 JAN U ARY SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS - F É CAMP

5, rue Schuman - BP 1129 76 174 Rouen Cedex 1 France Tel. : +33 (0)2 35 52 56 96 Fax : +33 (0)2 35 52 57 65 [email protected] http://camis.arcmanche.eu

European Regional Development Fund The European Union, investing in your future

Fonds européen de développement régional L’Union européenne investit dans votre avenir

This project was selected by the Interreg IVA France (Channel) – England European Cross-border Cooperation Programme, part financed by the ERDF.