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A Apocryphal texts, vi, 37, 41, 48, 63, 84 Alba Iulia, 61n23, 62, 62n28 Augustine, 57, 57n3, 58, 61, 103 Altar, 95 See also (An) English altar frontal Ancient Greeks, 36, 49 B Anna Galaktotrophousa, 34, 53n52 Baptist, The, 9, 12–14, 31, 34, 51 Anna lactans, 34 Barbara, St., 92 Anna Mlekopitatelnitsa, 42–43 Bardejov (town), 63 Anne, St., v–vii, vn1, 18, 34, 37n6, Benedictine, 54, 58n10, 96 44, 53, 54n57, 56–82, 57n1, Benedictine breviary, 53, 54 58n9, 59n12, 60n15, 60n17, Bernard, 57, 103 63n29, 63n31, 67n48, 69n56, Bern Stadtbibliothek, 106, 107n54 70–71n65, 72n68, 73n73, Bethlehem, 47, 51 76n87, 84–86, 84n2, 85n5, 88, Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Venice, 89n15, 93, 93n24, 93n25, 94, 88, 88n12 95n30, 97, 101, 102n44, Biel, Gabriel, 91, 91n20 103–107, 106n51, 106n53 Bishop Demetrius, 62 Anne’s legend, 56–82, 63n31, 71n65, Bishop Francis Várday, 62 106n51 Bodleian Library, Oxford, Antony, St., 35n2 53, 54, 95n31 Antony the Great, St., 29n40, 53n52 Body, 21, 24, 34, 51, 58, 67, 78, 80, Apocryphal literature, 30, 44n26 96, 97

1Note: Page numbers followed by ‘n’ refer to notes.

Bohun family, 88 36, 41n19, 42–44, 48, 49, 51, Book, v–vii, 5, 16n7, 20, 34n1, 36n4, 51n45, 53, 58, 61, 62, 77, 80, 37n6, 39n10, 40, 42–44, 53, 65, 81, 97, 99, 101n42, 103, 105 67, 69n59, 76n85, 77, 81, Church of Saint George, Kurbinovo, 84–99, 86n7, 87n11, 92n23, the, 42–43 93n26, 94n27, 99n37, 102, 104 Church of the Forty Martyrs, Veliko Book of hours, 44, 86, 87n11, 88, Tarnovo, the, 43 92–94, 92n23, 94n27, 97 Clarisse nuns, 65 Book of Wisdom, 91, 100 Clarisse sisters, 69 Botticelli, 91 Clarisses, 65, 69 Bratislava, 63 See also Order of St. Clare, The; Breastfeeding, vi, 34–48, 34n1, 50, Community of Saint Clare, 53, 54 the, 65 Breviary, 53, 54, 91n19 Clement of Alexandria, 52, 53n51 Bulgaria, 43 Clerics, 59, 63, 78 Burgundian, 90 Clouds, 21, 22, 102 Burgundian sculptor (the), 90 Codices, vii, 53, 56–82 Byzantine iconography, vn1, 22n19, Collegiate Chapters, 61n18 29n38, 34–36, 34n1 Communities (monastic), vii Byzantine written sources, v, 34, 57n1 Contemporary Spanish writers, 103 Byzantium, v, vi, 4, 23, 35n2, 44n29, 57 Convent, vii, 17n7, 61, 62, 64, 90, 102, 103 Convent in Poligny, 90 C Coptic Monastery of St. Antony at the Cabasilas, Nicholas, 25n30, 26n33 Red Sea, 53n52 Carthusian, 70, 70n62, 70n64, 71 Cross, 3, 17, 26, 49n36, 95, 96 Catastematic pleasure, 36, 36n4 Cult, v, vii, 18n11, 34, 49n37, 56–82 Catherine (St.), 92 Chora Monastery, 45 Christ, 4, 5, 14–17, 15–16n5, 18n8, D 19, 22, 24, 26, 27n34, 28n37, De Roelas, Juan, 103–105, 103n46 30, 31, 51–53, 51n43, 51n46, Desert, 5, 6, 19, 20, 34 57, 59, 62, 65, 67, 73, 76, 78, Devotion, vii, 21, 45n30, 60, 63, 69, 80, 81, 88–91, 90n16, 91n18, 73, 76, 78–82, 86n6, 89–90n16 92n21, 96, 100, 104 De Werve, Claus, 90 Christian iconography, 5, 15, 22, 85 Dimitri of Rostov, St., 24, 24n26, 24n27 See also Iconography Diocese, 61, 62 Christianity, 5, 21n17, 36, 37n6, 41, Dogma, 57n4, 58, 59, 69, 71, 71n67 52, 53, 56, 57n1, 60 See also Immaculate Conception Church, v–vii, 2–31, 3n1, 16n6, Dominican, 58, 60, 77, 92n23, 16–17n7, 18n8, 22n21, 22n22, 93n25, 100 24n25, 24n26, 35, 35n2, 35n3, See also Fabri, Felix INDEX 123

E Franciscan Friary of Târgu-Mureş, Education, vii The, 62n25, 64n36 Educational discourse, 102 Franciscans, the, 57, 58n10, 60–62, Education of the Virgin, vii 62n25, 64n36, 87 Educator, 67, 102 French art, 92 Edward III, 94 French educational discourse, 102 Egypt, 14, 18n10, 53n52 Frescoes, vi, 2, 4–31, 16–17n7, See also Flight into Egypt 22n21, 22n22, 29n39, 42–45, Elisabeth of Thüringia (Saint), 62 48, 63 Elizabeth, 12, 14, 31, 34, 44n26, Friars, 60, 64, 77, 101 53n52, 70–71n65, 76n87, 85n5 See also Franciscan friars (the); Embroidery, 99n37, 101n41 Franciscans, the See also Marie de l’Incarnation’s embroidery Emerentia, St., 65, 68, 69 G England, 29n42, 68, 84, 85n5, Germany, 59n12, 94, 106, 107 87n11, 89n16, 90, 96, 96n35, Golden rays, 102 97, 105–107 Greenery, 102 (An) English altar frontal, 92, 92n23 Gregory of Nyssa, 16n5, 49, 49n36, English Psalter, 84, 88 50n39, 51, 52n48 See also Psalter Guerin, Paul (Mgr.), 102, 102n45 Enthroned Virgin and Child, 90 Entry of the Mother of God into the Temple, The, 13, 17 H Érdy codex, vii, 59, 63, 64, 69–72, Heaven, 18n8, 19, 21, 22, 26, 70n61, 70n62, 70n63, 71n66, 82 26n32, 39, 39n12, 40n13, Europe, v–vii, 3n1, 43, 53, 56, 58n8, 40n14, 40n15, 41n19, 54, 68n51, 71n65, 72, 87n11, 97 54n58, 96 Exchequer of Edward III, 94 High Priest, 11, 14–18, 28, 29, See also Edward III 31, 45 See also Priest Holy Family (the), 19, 72n68 F Holy Week, 105 Fabri, Felix, 100, 101, 101n40, 103 Homily, 24, 25n30, 40n16, 41, See also Dominican 41n19, 41n20, 52n48, 96 Fatih Mosque, 35, 35n3 Horváth, János, 63n31, 64n34, Flanders, 107 64n35, 69n55, 69n57, Flight into Egypt, 5, 47 69n59, 70n64 Fragonard, 105 House of God (the), 29 Franciscan convents, vii, 62, 64 House(s) of worship, 2 See also Franciscans, the Humor, 2–31 Franciscan friars (the), 64, 77 Hungarian manuscripts, 61n18 See also Franciscans, the Hungary, vii, 56, 57, 60–82, 71n65 124 INDEX

I K Iconographers, vi, 2, 4–6, 8–10, 15, Kariye Djami, 45 16n5, 17, 19–24, 22n22, 27–29, Katona, Lajos, vii, 63, 63n31, 64n34, 40, 42, 47, 54 69n55, 70n60 Iconography, vi, 2, 4, 16n7, 17, 19, Kazinczy codex, vii, 59, 63–65, 21n18, 22, 22n19, 23, 27, 63n31, 69, 69n53, 69n54, 29n38, 34–36, 45, 56, 84, 86, 69n57, 72–73, 73n71, 79–82, 89, 96, 102, 104–106 79n100 See also Christian iconography Kinetic pleasure, 36, 36n4 Icon-painters, 17, 27, 27n35 The Kiss of Anne and Joachim, 5, 8 Icons, 20, 22–25, 27, 27n34, 27n35, Knight, 100, 101 28, 29n40 See also Von Harff, Arnold Image, 11, 14, 16n5, 18, 20–22, 25, Kontakia, 39n10 30, 39–43, 45, 48, 53, 63n29, Košice (town), 63 68, 73, 74, 79–81 Immaculate Conception, 58, 58n10, 59, 69, 69n58, 71 L See also Dogma Legenda Aurea, 70, 70n64, 71, Indulgences, 79, 80, 100, 101 71n65, 84 “Infancy of Mary, The”, vi Le Palmer, James, 94 Infant, vi, 5, 10, 14, 34–54, 81, 87 Letters, 17, 28, 36n3, 86, 95, 96, Inverse perspective, 20, 21, 28 100, 105 Isaac, 9, 22, 23, 66 Liptovská Anne, 61 Israelites, 34 See also Szentanna Istanbul, 45 Liturgy, 4, 26, 30 Italian, 92n23, 105 Lord (The), 5, 6, 18, 39, 41, 45, Italian art, 105 51n41, 51n45, 78, 80, 100 Italy, 97 Lübec, 53

J M Jacobus de Voragine, 60, 60n17, 70 Manna (the), 34, 53 Jerome, 59, 103 Margaret (St.), 44n29, 76, 92 Jesus, 5, 15, 18, 18n8, 27n34, 30, 44, Marian Psalms, 64 50, 67, 68, 73, 75, 78, 80, 81, See also Psalms 86, 90–92, 97–100, 103 Marie de l’Incarnation’s embroidery, 102 Joachim, vi, vii, 2–31, 37–48, 50, 54, See also Embroidery 57, 59, 65–67, 69, 71, 75, 82, Mary, v, 2, 34–54, 57, 84 94, 105 Mater Misericordiae, 63 John of Damascus, St., 26, 26n32, 39, Maximus the Confessor, 39n12, 40n13, 40n14, 40n15, 23n24, 48, 49n35 41n19, 54, 54n58 Meeting at the Golden Gate, 65, 92 Jouvenet, Jean, 105, 105n50 Mehmed II, 35, 36n3 INDEX 125

Menaion (Minei/Minee), 16n7, 17n7 Order of the Augustinian Hermits, Messiah, 14, 30, 31, 67 The, 61 Metropolitan Museum, 90, 91n18 Origen, 37n6, 49, 50n38 Middle Ages, v, 4, 43, 48, 59, 59n12, Oxford Bodleian Library MS Canonici 60, 74, 81, 90n16, 96, 96n35, 99 misc. 213, 53 Milan, 58n8, 91 Oxford Bodleian Library, MS Milk, 34, 39, 40, 49–54 Rawlinson C. 489, 54 Mind, 48, 87, 92, 96, 100 Monastery, vi, vii, 2–31, 36n3, 45, 53n52, 61n18, 62, 70 P Monastic communities, vii Pacheco, Francisco, 103, 103n46, Monumenta Vaticana, 61n23 103n47, 104, 106 Mother, v, 14, 34, 57, 85 Paedagogus, 52, 53n51 Motherhood, 8, 11, 14, 15, 31, 34, See also Clement of Alexandria 40, 48, 54, 66, 70n65, 72 Palamas, Gregory, 49, 50n40 Mother of God, 2, 4–6, 13, 15, Papyrus Bodmer V, 37n6 15–16n5, 16, 16–17n7, 22–25, Parchment, 86, 96 23n24, 24n25, 27, 27n34, 30, Parent, 2, 4–15, 16n5, 16–17n7, 53, 56, 57, 69, 89, 94 17, 18, 23, 26, 28, 30, 31, 37, MS 198, Morgan Library, 39, 40, 48, 49, 68, 76, 79, 84, New York, 95n30 94, 106n53 Musée de Cluny, 93 Parenthood, 10, 15, 26, 30, 37–49 Museo Poldi Pezzoli, 91 Patriarch Photios of Constantinople, 40 Paulines (the), 61 Paul the Hermit, Saint, 62 N Pelbartus of Themeswar/Timişoara, Netherlands, 59n12, 72n68, 97 70, 70n64, 70–71n65 New Testament, 25, 37n9, 50, 51, 59 Pleasure, 16n5, 20, 34–54, 87 Nourishment, 50 Poligny, 90 See also Spiritual nourishment Pomerium sermonum, 70 Poor Clares, 61, 62, 90 Prayer, 5, 11, 12, 15–18, 21–23, 26, O 28, 31, 45, 75, 78–82, 85, 86, Odo of Cheriton, 96 94, 101 Offer/offering, 4, 6, 11, 12, 16, 16n5, Presentation of the Virgin’ (the), 92, 18, 25, 29, 30, 34, 52n47, 99n37, 101n41 53n55, 73, 99, 107 Prešov, 63 Old Testament, 16, 17, 25, 51, 66, Priest, 5, 11, 17, 18, 18n8, 27, 31, 67, 105 45, 48n34 Omne Bonum, The, 94 See also High Priest Oppidum, the, 64 Princess Claude, 97 Order of St. Clare, The, 62 Procopius, 36n3, 72, 73 126 INDEX

Promoters of the cult (of St. Anne), Sântana de Mureş, 61 56, 63 Scholars, v, vi, 39, 58, 70, 73, 85, 87, Protoevangelion (of James), 17, 37, 89, 100, 101, 103 37n6, 37n7, 41, 44, 45, Scholastic, 91 45n32, 47n33 Schools, 100–103, 101n43 See also Protogospel of James Scribes, 45, 54, 70n61, 70n64, 72, Protogospel of James, 17n7, 18 79, 80, 94 See also Protoevangelion (of James) Scroll, 87n11, 91, 95, 105 Psalms, 68, 86 Sculptor, vi, 63, 89n15, 91, 97, 99, See also Marian Psalms 101, 103 Psalter, 86n7, 107 See also Burgundian sculptor (the) See also English Psalter Sermons, 18, 60, 64n32, 67, 69–71, Pseudo-Dionysius, 19n12 70n64, 70–71n65, 96, 96n33 Putti, 102 Slovakia, 61, 63 Son, 4, 9, 14, 15, 17, 19, 24–26, 30, 41, 45, 59, 65, 73, 75, 76, 87, Q 91, 97, 100 Quebec, 102, 102n44 Soós, Zoltán, 62n25, 64n36 Queen, 73, 74 Soul, 4, 22, 27, 58, 74, 76, 78, 98 Spain, 89, 102, 105 Spanish, 89n15, 104, 105 R Spanish painting, 105 Readership, vi, 21, 36, 52, 54, 73, 86, Spanish writers, 103 87, 94, 99, 105, 106 Spiritual nourishment Red Sea, 53n52 See also Nourishment Redeemer, 5, 68, 97 Standard reference, 105 Reuben, 17, 41, 41n23, 45 Supplication, 19, 30, 78, 81 Reversals, 5, 8–10, 26, 30, 31 Sweden, 75, 75n80, 99 Rheinland, 100 Sycamore tree, 100 Romania, vi, 2–31, 61, 62 See also Zachariah Romanos Melodos/the Melodist, Synaxarion (the), 16, 16n5, 16–17n7, 39, 48 17, 21, 27, 28n36, 40, 40n18, Rosquillas, 104 45, 48n34, 54n56 Royal Library L. N. MS 30, 54 Szentanna, 61 Royal Library of Copenhagen, 53 See also Liptovská Anne Rubens, 102, 104, 105, 106n52

T S Table, 105 Saints, v–vii, 4, 12, 16n5, 16n7, Tablet, 96 21–23, 21n18, 25, 26, 27n34, Târgu-Mureş, 61, 62n25, 64, 64n36 29n40, 34, 39, 40, 44, 48, 59, Teaching, 67, 68, 78, 84, 85, 88, 92, 62, 64–69, 71, 72, 74–78, 82, 93n24, 93n25, 94–97, 99, 102, 92–94, 97, 102, 104 103, 108 INDEX 127

Teleki codex, vii, 59, 61, 63–68, U 72n70, 73, 73n71, 73n72, Uffizi Gallery, 105 75–79, 75n79, 76n84, 76n86, Ulm, 100 76n88, 77n90, 77n91, 77n92, Uppland, 99 77n93, 77n94, 77n95, 77n96, Ursuline nuns, 102 78n97, 78n98, 81, 82 Temple, 5, 6, 11, 13, 14, 15–16n5, 16–19, 24, 28, 28n37, 29, 31, V 37n9, 41n23, 50, 65, 84, 88n14, Västerlövsta Church, 99 92, 92n23, 99, 101, 103, Veres, Anna, 63, 64n32, 64n34, 105n50, 107 69n55, 70n60 Teresa of Avila, 105 Virgin and Child, 91, 91n19 Tertiaries, 64 Virgin Galaktotrophousa, 34, 53, 53n52 Testament, see New Testament; Old Virgin, the, 5, 8, 10, 13, 14, 16n5, Testament 23–31, 39, 41, 45, 60, 65, Texts, vi, vii, 16–17n7, 17, 18, 24, 67–69, 79, 81, 84–108 34–54, 84, 85, 87, 88n11, Visit, 18, 35n2, 37n9, 39, 41, 45, 89–91, 89n15, 91n19, 93–95, 100, 103, 105 93n25, 96n33, 97, 103, 105, 106 Visual portrayals, 34 Theological perspective, vi, vii, 4 Von Harff, Arnold, 100 Theotokos, 6, 8, 23 See also Knight Tiepolo, 105, 105n51 Tileagd, 61 Transfigured, 17, 18, 21, 22, 22n19, W 27, 29 Walters Art Gallery, 92, 92n23 Transylvania, 61, 62, 62n28, 64n36 Week, see Holy Week Transylvanian Chapter at Alba-Iulia Wisdom, 91, 100, 103 (The), 61n23 The treasure-house of Grace, 25 Trinubium, 59, 59n12, 60, 66, Z 69n56, 71–78 Zachariah, 11, 12, 14–17, 15–16n5, Trithemius, Johannes, 103 30, 31, 100 Troyes, 92 See also Sycamore tree