Effective Forest and Farm Producer Organizations
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ETF r n I s s u e N o . 5 7, s eptember 2015 n E w s 57 Effective forest and farm producer organizations EuropEan Tropical ForEsT ResEarch Network EuropEan Tropical ForEsT ResEarch Network ETFrN News Effective forest and farm producer organizations issuE no. 57, SeptembEr 2015 This publication has been produced with the financial assistance of the Forest and Farm Facility and the Government of the netherlands. The views expressed herein are the sole responsibility of the authors and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of ETFrn, Tropenbos international, the Forest and Farm Facility or the other participating organizations. published by: Tropenbos international, wageningen, the netherlands copyright: © 2015 ETFrn and Tropenbos international, wageningen, the netherlands Texts may be reproduced for non-commercial purposes, citing the source. citation: pasiecznik, nick and herman savenije (eds.). (2015). Effective Forest and Farm Producer Organizations. Tropenbos international, wageningen, the netherlands. vi + 218 pp. Editors: nick pasiecznik and herman savenije Final editing and layout: Patricia halladay Graphic Design isbn: 978-90-5113-127-7 issn: 1876-5866 cover photo: members of the artisanal millers association in obogu, Ghana. James parker mckeown printed by: Digigrafi, Veenendaal, the netherlands and atlas printers, Durban, south africa available from: ETFrn c/o Tropenbos international p.o. box 232, 6700 aE wageningen, the netherlands tel. +31 317 702020 e-mail [email protected] web www.etfrn.org This publication is printed on Fsc®-certified paper. contents preface v what makes producer organizations effective? – key issues 1 Nick Pasiecznik, Herman Savenije, Jeffrey Y. Campbell and Duncan Macqueen section 1. Local producer organizations 1.1 The moskibatana indigenous forest enterprise in honduras 23 Benjamin Hodgdon and Carlos Sandoval 1.2 Sustainable ranching and restoring forests in agricultural landscapes, panama 31 Jacob L. Slusser, Alicia Calle and Eva Garen 1.3 Increasing sales and internal ownership: a basis for collaboration, suriname 39 Maureen Playfair and Mayra Esseboom 1.4 Conservation and sustainable management of dry forests in peru 46 Fabiola Parra, Jose Orellano, Ruperto Orellano, Aldo Cruz and Juan Torres 1.5 Learning lessons slowly: artisanal millers associations in Ghana 52 Evans Sampene Mensah and Sam Nketiah 1.6 From demonstration plot to agribusiness and rural tourism, cameroon 58 Divine Foundjem-Tita, Ann Degrande, Charlie Mbosso and Kuh Emmanuel Lo-ah 1.7 Kenyan smallholders improving benefits from milk production 64 Maria J. Restrepo, Joseph Ndung’u, Meshack Mwaura, Margareta A. Lelea and Brigitte Kaufmann 1.8 Himalayan smallholders create value and maintain agrobiodiversity 70 Sonali Bisht, Manoj Maheshwari and Girish Pant 1.9 Assessing community forest enterprises in Vietnam 76 Dung Tri Ngo, Ariel Pinchot and Dean Current 1.10 Reforestation and producer organizations in the philippines 84 Jan van der Ploeg, Marites Balbas and Merlijn van Weerd section 2. National and regional organizations 2.1 Community forest management and umbrella organizations in bolivia 93 Barbara Pforte, Till Pistorius and Gero Pawlowski 2.2 Forest production and marketing cooperatives in the peruvian andes 99 Alfredo Rodríguez Zunino 2.3 Developing effective forest-based enterprises in the caribbean 106 Claus-Martin Eckelmann and Keisha Sandy 2.4 A national umbrella organization in nepal for community forestry 113 Bharati Pathak, Rita Parajuli and Ghanshyam Pandey iii 2.5 Sustainable cottage industries and the rattan association of cambodia 118 Koulang Chey, Ousopha Prak, Tam Le Viet and Thibault Ledecq 2.6 Forest farmer groups in indonesia 126 Kristiana Tri Wahyudiyati and Setiasih Irawanti 2.7 Pacific island farmer organizations: supporting rural people and livelihoods 133 Kyle Stice and Afamasaga Toleafoa 2.8 Canadian family forestry: challenges and innovations by owner associations 139 Peter deMarsh and Jean-Pierre Dansereau section 3. Cross-cutting issues 3.1 Building blocks for viable community forestry enterprises 149 Martin Greijmans, David Gritten, Christian J. Rivera, Linh Thi Bui and Sophie R. Lewis 3.2 Producer organizations and certification in southeast asia 157 Brian Cohen 3.3 Fsc certification solutions for smallholders and community managed forests 164 Joachim Meier-Dörnberg and Marion Karmann Sidebar: The impacts of eco-labelling schemes 172 Yitagesu Tekle Tegegne and Diana Tuomasjukka 3.4 Public forest agencies and producer organizations in kenya 173 Marco Boscolo, Oscar Simanto, Philip Kisoyan, Jhony Zapata and Duncan MacQueen 3.5 Extension and advisory services for producer organizations 181 Brent M. Simpson and R. James Bingen Sidebar: reducing the costs of data collection and analysis 189 Kahlil Baker 3.6 Increasing investors’ interest in sustainable forestry 190 Francesca Nugnes Sidebar: a new financing model 196 Chris Meyer and Mateo Johnson 3.7 Forest and farm producers and forest landscape restoration 197 Pauline Buffle and Chris Buss Sidebar: income generation and biodiversity conservation 205 Montosh Kumar Das 3.8 How indonesia’s best known forest cooperative lost its way 206 Dominic Elson and Silverius Unggul contact list 213 preface There is a growing consensus that producer organizations are critically important for the sustainable use of natural resources. representing the collective voices of farmers and forest-dependent people, indigenous groups and rural communities, they provide essential services to their members and are the building blocks of local democracy. Formal or informal, effective producer organizations identify and agree upon the means to manage their natural resources. and when they are truly inclusive — and with the right support — their management choices are more sustainable and the benefits are more equitably shared. in this way, they offer solutions to many issues that otherwise hinder our ability to achieve the sustainable Development Goals. ETFRN News has been reporting on issues of topical importance for almost a quarter of a century. Editions in the past six years in the current “book” format have covered landscape approaches, rEDD and FlEGT, private investment, forest financing, forest governance, chainsaw milling, biodiversity conservation, and climate change. The latest edition continues this tradition. This issue brings together 30 articles — 26 full papers and 4 sidebars — that include experiences from more than 30 countries. most contributions are from the Global south, representing nGos, un organizations, government bodies and private companies. women make up one-third of the 80 contributing (co)authors. The list also includes some founders and members of producer organizations. The result is a compilation of experiences that adds significantly to the growing body of knowledge on forest and farm producer organizations. authors write of their achievements and challenges, how they have organized themselves, what support they have received, and whether this has helped them or not. as well as the experiences of individual producer organizations, we also hear from umbrella organizations, national or regional federations or associations, and the pivotal role that they are playing in scaling up benefits. This shows that to have a meaningful influence on public and corporate policies and practices, becoming better organized at higher levels is a key requirement. well-organized and articulate producer organizations have been instrumental in making the necessary changes for local producers to improve and sustain the benefits to their lands and their livelihoods. in the end, as emphasized in most of the articles, the goal is to ensure people’s rights to land, natural, social and financial resources. and here, much remains to be done. but there is a lot to learn from the contributions in this ETFRN News and we hope you will take encouragement from the stories that are shared here. René Boot Eva Muller Director, Tropenbos International Director, Forest Economics Policy and Products Division, FAO Chair, ETFRN v overview key issues Photo credits, Overview p.1 Making silage as part of a farmer-to-farmer exchange, Kenya. Mukinduri Dairy SHG p.3 Members of the San Isidro Rainforestation Association at the tree nursery, the Philippines. Jan van der Ploeg p.7 Sawmill owned by Koperasi Hutan Jaya Lestari, Sulawesi Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Silverius Unggul p.10 A plantation landscape, Peru. Alfredo Rodríguez Zunino p.18 Natural rattan, Tan My community forest, Vietnam. Dung T. Ngo 2 what makes producer organizations effective? NICK PASIECZNIK, HERMAN SAVENIJE, JEFFREY Y. CAMPBELL and DUNCAN MACQUEEN key issues Internal organization – the foundation • self-governance is crucial, with financial and political independence, openness and equitable benefit-sharing the keys to success. • Federations and umbrella organizations are vital in scaling up influence and power. Tenure and governance – the critical preconditions • access and clear rights to land, justice and equality are fundamental prerequisites. What you know and who you know – the key entry points • learning from each other is essential, as is access to technical knowledge, skills and training. • local producers’ active participation and influence in processes of governance reform pave the way for progress. External services and support – the enabling environment • Government agencies and services must adapt their “offer” to better meet smallholder needs, seeing them as partners. • international organizations