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Project MGU – the Useful Plants Project Review Workshop Report 22-24 July 2014

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Project MGU – the Useful Plants Project Review Workshop Report 22-24 July 2014 Project MGU – The Useful Plants Project Review Workshop Report 22-24 July 2014 Compiled by Tiziana Ulian, Alex Hudson, Efisio Mattana & Paulina Hechenleitner Project MGU – The Useful Plants Project Review Workshop Report 22-24 July 2014 Compiled by Tiziana Ulian, Alex Hudson, Efisio Mattana & Paulina Hechenleitner Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Richmond, Surrey TW9 3AB © Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, June 2015 ii iii Table of Contents List of Acronyms and Abbreviations v 1 Plant conservation for the benefit of local communities: The MGU - Useful 1 Plants Project Annexes – General 11 2 Project MGU – The Useful Plants Project, Botswana 19 Annexes - Botswana 36 3 Project MGU – The Useful Plants Project, Kenya 51 Annexes - Kenya 68 4 Project MGU – The Useful Plants Project, Mali 79 Annexes - Mali 93 5 Project MGU – The Useful Plants Project, Mexico 105 Annexes - Mexico 123 6 Project MGU – The Useful Plants Project, South Africa 133 Annexes – South Africa 147 7 Summary of SWOT (Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities and Threats) 155 analysis ANNEXES - Project MGU – The Useful Plants Project Review Workshop Programme Poster Presentations List of Participants iv List of Acronyms and Abbreviations AFAAS African Forum for Agricultural Advisory Services BCA Botswana College of Agriculture (Botswana) BCA PRO Botswana College of Agriculture Public Relations Office (Botswana) BIDPA Botswana Institute for Development Policy Analysis (Botswana) BIOCHAR Biological charcoal created from agricultural waste by pyrolysis for various uses including as a soil amendment BRAHMS Botanical Research and Herbarium Management System CCARDESA Center for Coordination of Agricultural Research and Development for Southern Africa CNRA Conseil National de la Recherche Agricole DEA Department of Environmental Affairs (Botswana) DFRR Department of Forestry and Range Resources (Botswana) DMT Département de la Médecine Traditionnelle (Mali) DWAF Department of Water Affairs (South Africa) FCB Forest Conservation Botswana (Botswana) FES Iztacala Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala (Mexico) GBK National Genebank of Kenya (Kenya) ha hectare IER L’Institut d’économie rurale (Mali) INR Institut National de Recherche en Santé Publique (Mali) KARI Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (Kenya) KEFRI Kenya Forestry Research Institute (Kenya) KFS Kenya Forest Service (Kenya) KzN Kwazulu-Natal (South Africa) LNBG Lowveld National Botanical Garden (South Africa) LTPA Limpopo Tourism Parks Agency (South Africa) MDG Millennium Development Goals MoESD Ministry of Education and Skills Development (Botswana) MoU Memorandum of Understanding MTPA Mpumalanga Tourism & Parks Agency (South Africa) MSB Millennium Seed Bank MSBP Millennium Seed Bank Partnership MSBP2 Millennium Seed Bank Project-second phase (2010-2020) NFTRC National Food Technology Research Centre (Botswana) NGO Non-Governmental Organisation NMK National Museums of Kenya (Kenya) NPGC National Plant Genetic Resources Center (Botswana) NTSC National Tree Seed Centre (Botswana) ORD Office of Research and Development (Botswana) ORI Okavango Research Institute (Botswana) PGR Plant Genetic Resource PMG Project Managements Group PSG Plant Specialist Group (South Africa) PSLE Primary School Leaving Examination v PTA Parent Teachers Association RBG Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew SANBI South African National Biodiversity Institute (South Africa) SASSCAL Southern African Science Service Centre for Climate Change and Adaptive Land Management SEMARNAT Secretaría de Medio Ambiente Y Recursos Naturales (Mexico) SfLP Seeds for Life Project Sida Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency SLU Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences sp. species TK Traditional Knowledge UK United Kingdom UMA Unidad de Manejo Ambiental (Mexico) UNAM Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (Mexico) UOB University of Botswana (Botswana) UBIPRO Unidad de Biotecnología y Prototipos (Mexico) UPP Useful Plants Project UPP1 Useful Plants Project-first phase (June 2007-Nov. 2010) UPP2 Useful Plants Project-second phase (June 2011-May 2014) UPS Useful Plant Species VPR&D Veld Products Research and Development (Botswana) vi Plant conservation for the benefit of local 1 communities: The MGU - Useful Plants Project (Manuscript submitted for publication in the proceedings of the UNESCO Conference held in Paris during 22-25 September 2014 “Botanists of the 21st Century: roles, challenges and opportunities”) Authors: Tiziana Ulian1, Moctar Sacande1, Alex Hudson1 and Efisio Mattana1 Affiliation, address and email 1Seed Conservation Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst Place, Ardingly, West Sussex, RH17 6TN, UK. Tiziana Ulian, Email: [email protected]; Moctar Sacande, Email: [email protected]; Alex Hudson, Email: [email protected]; Efisio Mattana, Email: [email protected]. Corresponding author: Tiziana Ulian Abstract The Millennium Seed Bank Partnership (MSBP) of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, works with rural communities in Botswana, Kenya, Mali, Mexico and South Africa through the MGU - Useful Plants Project, with the aim of strengthening the capacity of local people to successfully conserve and use sustainably indigenous plants most important to them. To date, the project has acquired a reservoir of knowledge on over 1,480 plants that are important to human well being and has contributed to the long term conservation of almost half of these species by securing them in seed banks in the country of origin and duplicating them in the Millennium Seed Bank in the UK. Seeds and seedlings of over 170 species have been made available to the local communities for propagation and planting activities and a number of selected species were promoted as plant products to support revenue generation and for cultural services. Research is carried out to tackle knowledge gaps which limit plant conservation and people’s livelihoods, with contributions from a wide range of experts, including botanists, 1 horticulturists, agronomists and foresters, and by working with nongovernmental organizations for the benefit of local communities. The MGU - Useful Plants Project is supporting local biodiversity conservation of useful plants selected and exploited by communities for their importance as sources of food, feed and for health on improving livelihoods. Training and education through the project are strengthening of the capacity of local people to face changing environmental challenges through the conservation and sustainable use of indigenous plant species. The success of this project stems from the participative approach involving local communities who select, prioritise and propagate important indigenous species, that is combined with the science support underpins by plant and seed research on these species. This could be a significant model for succeeding biodiversity conservation at local level, integrated with activities to improve human well being. Keywords: Useful plants, Local communities, Research, Conservation, Livelihoods. Résumé Le Millennium Seed Bank Partnership (MSBP) du Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, travaille avec les communautés rurales du Botswana, Kenya, Mali, Mexique et Afrique du Sud par le « MGU - Useful Plants Project », dans le but de renforcer la capacité des populations locales à conserver avec succès et utiliser durablement les plantes indigènes les plus importants pour eux. Le projet a acquis un réservoir de connaissances sur plus de 1480 plantes qui sont importantes pour le bien -être et a contribué à la conservation à long terme de plus de la moitié de ces espèces dans des banques de semences dans le pays d'origine et de les dupliquer dans la Millennium Seed Bank au Royaume-Uni. Semences et plants de près de la moitié de 170 espèces ont été mis à la disposition des collectivités locales pour la propagation et les activités de plantation et produits végétaux d’un certain nombre d'espèces sélectionnées ont été promus pour soutenir la génération de revenus, et les services culturels. La recherche est effectuée à combler les lacunes de connaissances qui limitent la conservation des plantes et des moyens de subsistance, avec les contributions d'un large éventail d'experts comme botanistes, horticulteurs, agronomes et forestiers, et en travaillant avec des organisations non gouvernementales au profit des communautés locales. Le « MGU - Useful Plants Project » soutient la conservation de la biodiversité locale des plantes utiles choisis et exploités par les communautés pour leur importance comme source de nourriture, alimentation et santé, en améliorer leurs moyens de subsistance. Formation et éducation par le projet ont été le renforcement de la capacité des 2 populations locales à faire face à l'évolution des problèmes environnementaux par la conservation et l'utilisation durable d'espèces végétales indigènes. Le succès de ce projet découle de l'approche participative avec les communautés locales qui select, priorise et propagent espèces indigènes importantes, combinée avec le soutien de la science par la recherche de plantes and graines de ces espèces. Ceci pourrait être un modèle important pour assurer la conservation de la biodiversité au niveau local, intégrée avec des activités pour améliorer le bien-être communautés locales. Mots-clés: Plantes Utiles, Communautés locales, Recherche, Conservation, Subsistance. Introduction It is widely accepted that biodiversity loss and poverty are intricately linked problems such that conservation and poverty reduction should be tackled together (Adams et al., 2004). In situ conservation measures, such
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