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XYZ it became the property of Jesse if. Kimes, a well-known operator of Philadelphia, under whose efficient management, together with that of his superintendent, J. (1. Jones it ioay be said to have seen its best days. The present company bought it after it was abandoned by Mr. | Kimes, and opened a new piece. Their outlook is very encourawine at present, as the}’ have an abund- | ance of stone and orders. The | quarry is the only one of its kind : in operation in this region, it being Village. what is known in Slate parlance as “rock on the split.” It makes e very fine grade of blackboards, ITS PROSPECTIVE SLATE PRODUCT'. owing to its extreme darkness and ' the absence of knots and ribbons.

Sketch of a Live Little Town—Another Slate j The Laurel Hill Slate Company. Town in the Slatingtou Region—Saul to ^ The Laurel Hill quarry was l Have as Good Slate Beds, Both Big and opened about 18T3 by J. Gf. Jones, Little, as Can Be Bound Anywhere— Personal Mention. and after some years passed into the hands of the Laurel Hill Slate ! Company, consisting of a Mr. Pat¬ More than forty years ago was ton of Philadelphia, A. C. McHose established the Post Office of Lynu- and others, with Mr. McHose as port. Here for several years a superintendent. This company quiet, steady-going Pennsylvania built a two-saw factory, which was Dutch population got their weekly subsequently doubled in size, mak¬ mail, met at the cross-roads store ing one of the finest mantel fac¬ and exchanged the news of the tories in the region. During last week, and went back to their homes summer the company became finan¬ a happy and contented people. cially embarrassed and the property Later it was discovered that val¬ was sold, Dr. Wilson P. Kistler of uable deposits of Slate lay near the Allentown becoming the purchaser. town, and operations were begun to He is an enterprising business man develop them. and is already pushing things by The Old Lynnport, erecting new machinery, etc. There Or, as it is now known, the Enter¬ is a fine future in store for this prise Slate quarry, was opened quarry. It still remains under the about the year 1845 by a local com¬ management of its first superin¬ pany consisting of Levi Kistler tendent, Mr. A. C. McHose. and others, on lands belonging to The Tynn Slate Company. David Follweiler, now deceased ; it The property of the Lynn Slate soon passed, however, to the hands Company consists of three big bed of Porter & McDowell, and then, quarries. No. 1 was opened aboqt after many ups and downs, covering 1864 by Owen Lloyd. No. 2 was I a period of some twenty-five years, also opened in the ’60s by the the Dunnon Bros., but both were shut | which have been suspended tnrougn | down after making a few hundred [ the cold weather, will be resumed | squares of roofing slate, on account j in a short time. of the inability of the operators to During the past week the repre¬ keep the water out, they having sentative of the Ledgewood Manu¬ nothing but hand-pumps of the most facturing Company of New York primitive description. In this age was in Lynnport making estimates of steam the removal and control for the erection of a complete new of the water does not amount to steam, plant for the Lynn Slate | anything. Another drawback was Company. the distance from the railroad, For twenty-eight years L. II. Os¬ Slatington being the nearest point. wald has kept a hotel and general But in spite of all this the owners merchandise store in Lynnport. refused an offer of $10,000 for the For twenty years he has been Post- property. The quality of this ma¬ i master, with the exception of the terial is proved b}r the fact that period when Cleveland was Presi¬ blocks taken from the quarry in dent, when Jacob B. Waidelich 1865 were split to slate in 1891 held the position. With the in¬ without breaking one in the whole coming of President Harrison, block of eight. The slates were however, Mr. Oswald was reap¬ twenty-six inches long. Quarry pointed, and still has the office. He No. 3 was opened in 1888 by Charles is a genial host, a live man and a j and J. IT. Henry, but owing to a subscriber to The News. II. C. j lack of capital it has never been Reinhart is his able assistant. fully developed. It is the smallest Edwin W. Behler, the township yeiq of the three, being about forty constable, is one of our new read¬ feet with the split. The company ers. will apply for a charter this spring Another old resident is ’Squire: and aetive operations will then be Alvin F. Creitz, who has been Jus¬ commenced. tice of the Peace in Lynn Town¬ Another new opening is that of ship for twenty-four years. He is ex-Sheriff George Brown, of Cata- an active, progressive citizen, and sauqua. He was here some time | has read The News formally years. ago with the engineering corps of Last spring D. A. Scroeder & the Philadelphia & Beading Rail¬ Co. established a general merchan¬ road and surveyed a line of rail¬ dise store, and they' report a good road from the main line to his business. They also read The quarry, passing close to all the j N EWS. quarries in the neighborhood. Wei For five years W. P. Scherer has have assurance that this line will be j conducted a merchant tailoring built as soon as the condition of business in the village and has a trade warrants it, and it will be a good trade. great help to the operators. Mr. Jonathan Mulhart is the black¬ Brown has a good quarry and a smith and wheelwright of the town. good party to assist him, and we J. W. Wuchter, one of the new hope that his efforts will be crowned readers of The News, is an active with success. young man who is now making a Notes. canvass for the office of Assessor The operations, at this point, of for the township. His prospects the Slatington j Slate Company, 1 seem to be good. There are was erected and destined to become run by Jacob IL the stopping place of the weary bp Albert F. cl ward wanderer in the days of long ago, Wannafhaker also doe skoemaking to satisfy the inner man with good and repairing. J substantial food, to wash the dust R. S. Hermany is the obliging of travel with the coveted Lynn station agent of the Philadelphia township “applejack,” and rest the & Reading Railroad Company weary limbs in its comfortable A representative of Tiieinews beds. The proprietorship of this visited this village on Monday and well-known hostelry changed finite was very pleasantly entertained. frequently until about fifty years Nine new subscribers were added ago, when Samuel Camp, whom wo to our list, and we are assured that may rightfully term the benefactor more are to follow. of this growing and prosperous vil- lage, took possession of the store and hotel and successfully con¬ ducted tkejmsiness until succeeded b> his son, Edwin Camp, now a resident of Morgantown, N. C., who after a successful business career, was succeeded in turn by the present landlord at this place, Air. Jonas German. Although the old stone tavern has been abandoned Sketch of Another' as a hotel for thirteen years, it has I Live, Wide-Awake j been turned by its owner, Air. Jonas German, into a creamery, and is Slate Town. now occupied and operated by Mr. Oscar F. Dreibelbis, an adept at the art of butter-making, and the BRIEF RESUME OF ITS SLATE INTEREST old landmark of this section prom¬

— ises to last for several generations to come. A Correspondent Sends Us Some -Interesting Notes from “Tlie Gravel”—Who Does Through the keen foresight of tlie Business Tliere, and What He Does— the seers of this village, Alessrs. A Probable Candidate for the Assembly. Sanniel Camp and Samuel Ely, the Aullage was laid out into squares, An article printed in The News with streets and alleys, city style. in issue of January 30, on our By their thrift and enterprise one : neighboring village, Lynnport, in¬ house after another was built until duces me to offer for publication in it became known that the founda¬ the columns of The News some of tion had been laid very close to an th* history of this old village on inexhaustible bed of slate that runs the Gravel.” parallel with the trend of the Blue The foundation of this village, Mountain range from the Delaware undoubtedly, was laid in the year to the Schuykill river. IT’14, when the old stone tavern, . The discovery of slate and their whose impregnable walls to this development in this section is day defy the hurricanes of time, largely to the credit of Alessrs.

-r - - - . Joseph Mosser and Samuel Camp, 4

He employS-about twenty wo who many years ago opened what! men at this time and expects to is now known as the old Moaser more than double his force of men quarry, which they successfully j in the spring, the demand for rooff operated for some time. ■jug slate from this quarry bem0 The material proved to lack some! very great. , _ . of the qualities that make gooi When Messrs. Krauss and Seigei > substantial roofing slate. Mantels, sold their interest in the above I school slates and blackboards being qnrrry they, in connection literally unknown at that tune, John B. Griffith, opened wluw is made it necessary to look for better known as the Lynn quarry, which material, when, by the means of was successfully operated by them these pioneers in the slate industry until about nine months ago, when and through the skill of practical a charter was obtained and the slatemen from older slate fields concern turned into a stock com¬ the quarry that for a number of pany under the name of the Lynn years was known as the Neff quarry j Slate Company. _ I was opened and developed. The The quality of the slate from this j quality of slate produced by this quarry is equal to that from the I quarry is too well known to need Tripoli quarry, being from the same ; comment, being of a dark blue vein. The machinery and hoisting color and of the very best material, apparatus is of the very best. The . equal to any roofing slate mined m company intends to reopen opera > this vast slate region. Mr. John B. tions this coming spring with a Griffith, the well-known slateman o large force of men, and undoubtedly ] this place, operated the quarry on | will prove to be a close competitor a small scale for a number of years, | to the old Tripoli quarry. until Messrs. Krauss and Setger 1 With the growth of the slate in-, took charge of it and in 1883 son! dnstry at this place, the population | out to a Philadelphia party who of the villarge has grown until to- J turned it into a stock company day it is one of the brightest, grow- under the name of the Tripoli Slate ing, wide-awake towns along the | Company, with W. D. Bobinson as course of the Schuylkill and Lehigh superintendent and business mana¬ road between Slatington and ivead- . ger, who in turn, in 1890, sold out ing. The location being beautiful, | to F. S. Gibson, Esq., of Philade - the climate very healthy, in close j phia, who never operated the quarry proximity to railroads, very good , but again sold it to a party of four ©larch and school buildings and j of Scranton’s most enterprising facilities, makes this place the home I business men, of of many well-to-do retired faimeis, | Boberts has charge of the mana0 who seek a lovely, peaceful home > ment of the concern. Mr. Boberts in a growing little town among the J bein

period of place of the largest 'i/Wv the county. gJHP the grain, coal and lumber busi¬ \n-vw N 0^ ness is coudueted by D. N. Leiby & Go., two wide-awake young , V\v C\ cl men, with a bright future before J Yl' them. PB,OPEETY_i>.ALE —The Buckhorn bote}, at Buckhorn Lower Mfifprp fcsp, }ate owned and The large roller mills, the prop¬ Qceiipipd by jfjchael D. Hinnerscmtz, was sold at public sale on Eridayjast to Mr. Thomas M erty of German & Bro., are op- r<£red farWe the Hosensack Valley, for $2176. It is said he intends to rent his farm erated bjr A. C. Kistler, the genial and conduct the hotel as a temperance house, miller of the old Kistler Mills of chiefly for the accommodation of the traveling public. The ground on which thetavern is erect¬ foimer days. He does a thriving ed includes 9 acres and 39 perches. The hotel is onp of the oldest in the county, having been business in his line. Arst opened as such in the year 1757. No. 2 a tract of woodland, situate in the same township5 E. K. Gildner is the man who aM containing 4 acres and 29 perches, was struck Ot to Jacob Schantz for $21, the purchase consist- furnishes all the footwoar in the ing chiefly of huge boulders and stones. line of boots, shoes and rubbers, rf within a radius of three miles. Mr. Gilder understands his business and VC, I his “sunny smiling face” is most ■ l beautifully reflected on his lovely i white bald head. Mr. R. D. Hollenbach, the ex¬ pert merchant tailoi’, furnishes the allestoww. gents of the town and surroundings with his perfect “fits.” His work j A" Historical^tch of the Queen city. ! needs no recommendation, being to Baye Allen, a black boot-black, discov¬ perfection. ered Allentown and changed his name to Skimmerhorn to catch Dutch shines. The iY. A. Reinert, the cabinetmaker Hotel Allen was named after him. When and undertaker, is the busiest man he realized the enormity of the sin he in town. His work recommends his committed in discovering the place he went insane and he is there yet. p0n. business, both as funeral director J ulation 30,000 people, two thirds of whom and cabinetmaker. I are women. All are more or less bow- James A. Miller, who seven years I legged on aooounfc of the steep hill near ago had the honor of being the It is the seat of Muhlenburg ij°5'a fe“aIe allege. Robert E - ^ youngest Justice of the Peace in i? ?mber of breweries and many the State, still does business at the OT&esea beef establishments. The renort ers ate everywhere on the alert. Yester¬ old stand, meting out justice to day one went to ohuroh and hearing the ciiminals in the name of the com¬ wln^61 taik ab°at the 0ain-Abel murder, P°li0e headqnarters, but as monwealth. He is a busy man, be¬ 7h?Jh°?V?hey hadn t heard anything about it, re ing also connected with Mr. Ger¬ “."*e2 ‘°h! weJ1 it will come in the pIates. Cooking is taught to girls in the man, the proprietor of the store, as >°J the C»,,h«i omdno. buyer and bookkeeper. The ’Squire takes a deep interest in politics, being one of the soundest Demo¬ crats on the “Gravel” and an out- CZJUL2- { (Peer and-out Cleveland man. We un- derstand that he may be a candi- date for Assembly at the coming S 'f .V - ' A Old Building. ImSp Democratic primaries. He is The old stone bulhjiag razed the other day constant reader of The News. below the west entfSf the Lower Catasauqua -I Bridge was one of the oldest buildings in this has been open as a public ^placc JLj over 113 successive yea1is. that a pair ot, „ 1757 by Jacob section. It was ere earB. it was $ derived its name:fiomj* t from Buffalo, New | monster elk hmn3’ | the flrst opening of the Yundt, who lived tbere three mangl0Dj • York, at about the> time oi ^ aign post, and > house, were Placfd ^perfect state to the ad- 5SSTS»*after George «r *»to <“»» me™ time“ where they remained in P when one of miration of all beholders untu ;se ifl what is the antlers broke off Near ^ ^ itg erection,. called a mile stone, bear | r Philadelphia, 43 * ? SA^sswwg'roaaiu ux j The farm was latterly E S’ RT ”" 1 erty to Asa Jrh6farm. JaCob Yundt I wot, weliworthr .«S£i:--| | kn°^ on the Lehigh River and after a time !6t ! ?n 278 acres oa two warrants, one of t0^hfd been warranted by George Miller, n t°23 1737 and vacated and granted to ° 1750 the o‘her warrant was yundt, May 9, 7750,so ^ o£ 85

fersSil George Frederick, who sold It to Asa Packer In 1855. It ted Itythertlme ‘ of Us demolition. The stone j Inr ^efrole 3SSfS4 gone into the abutments! was planted on January 1, 1833, J of the new bridge^Lower Oatasaugua.^ „ honor of the election of, of Jaca tn the Presidency, and agai

th,eS«me%e'DenSm oi a.^

pole with roots in honor ot Ueve

shigh Valley is the c|e atryears £tby Mr. Lewie » J- ^ sadly 333153 ;o, and is still'm good con ^ modem it of style as 'compare iQ the enjoyment mstruction lhe tavern ti stage coaches SSSSs durine the Revolution. ± 11S0“ l Warden Creitz, who was present at V the Jackson pole-raising 60 ywrs •ago, will deliver the oration coming event.

From, - A HOUSE OF YE OLDEN ’TIME.” About A „l, nf J mile west from the Great Swamp

Date, &.c ax-J*

VALUED 'orrl. I„ the year .757 » substantial stone dwelling was erectidon what K now

custom in those oays ^ open fire-place, upon, the hearth of which feet, and one-story high. hUge lo°t; of hickory afld oak wood were AN OLD TAVERN STAND.— The “Buck; burned on , wlnterf^-^. ^ Horn” tavern, at Hosensack, Lower Miltord tsp tins fire-place 1 ‘ sup- interesting. When trpp8r Miliord township Port the heavy v ------.above, was yet a part of Northampton county it and last summer, when this old house, contained a resident by the name of John | after being habitable for one hundred Roinbard, who had fmigrat d from Ger¬ and thirty years, was torn down, thor- many, and who traded’*he clock in question from a neighbor, doing son 0 iinen weaving oughly-seasoned lumber was secured. for it. This was about’1780. It remained in Last week we were presented with a very his possession till 1S06, when he died. After handsome cane, made from the same, his death tbo clock was sold at public sal9 the gift of our townsman, Mr. Wm. T. and was bought byhi-> son-in-law, George Snyder, who had made several walking- Kemmerer, an old Revolutionary soldier. Ho sticks for his friends. On the head of died on the 13th day of October, 1838, when his son, Jacob Kemmerer, camo into posses¬ the cane is the brass impress of 1757, sion of the clock, and remained its owner till showing its origin, and the gift is not his death, Oct. 26ih, 1875. By inheritance it only greatly valued because of its local then became the property of bis nephew, historical recollections, but that it comes Thomas K. Seislove, tho present owner. The rom a friend, whose partiality we shall works aro of brass, and on the centro of tho always rerner^iber. dial plate is engraved tho name of the maker, John Murphy, of Allentown, Pa., who made the instrument in 1770. Mr. Seislove moved to this city last June. Tho clock s From, standing in his parlor, and is in good run¬ ning order. It keeps time excellently. The jbell has a clear and lively sound. The fact [ ....aFly, jthat tho clock wa* brought back to its orig¬ inal home is cause for congratulation. It is fin int -resting relic of by-gOno days, and one Date, ^ss^ZFL /IM.... hat stirs up a reminiscent train of thoughts

■|~A RELIC OF THE 'MAR OF 1812.—Mr. C. W. [Maisenheimer, saddlfer in the employ of Mr. F. G.;? Rieger, No. 712 Hamilton street, the other day ex¬ From, hibited to us a brass U. S. belt buckle plate worn by the long deceased John Anewalt, of fronton, who as a member of a company of State militia ■ commanded by Capt. Rinker, of North Whitehall, responded to the call of the government for troops for the defence of Baltimore which in Sept. 1814 was threatened with invasion by the British. Three Date, or four companies from this county entered the ser¬ vice of the governmental the time, among the rest the “ Washington Blues,” of this city, command¬ ed by Capt. John F. Ruhe. They however were not . A BELL OF GREAT VALUE. called into active service, and remaining in camp at Marcus Hook until the danger of attkek was over It Is Believed to Be i Contemporary of the they after an absence of several months were hon- ■ One to Which We Will Do Honor. orably discharged and returned home. The : mother of Mr. Maisenheimer before her marriage There is a tradition that after the bells served as a domestic in the Anewalt family, and of Philadelphia had been safely kept in after the death of Mr. A., which occurred 32 or 33 Zion’s Reformed Church during the rev¬ years ago, bought a table at the venfiue sale of the household effects, and in the drawer of which the!; olution, one of the 11 bells hidden here above spoken of breast plate was found and thus 0 was left in Allentown as a mark of grati¬ came into the possession of the Maisenheimer f am- \ tude for their preservation from the Brit¬ ily, as also a bullet casting mould on which the mi-1 ■, ish. Tradition further states that the merals 05 are still plainly to be seen. The breast ¬ plate is still in good order, though it bears the bell was placed in the steeple of the old marks of time. Mr, Maisenheimer, the present Allentown Academy, when it was erect¬ possessor, treasures it very highly as a relic of an ed at Eighth and Walnut Streets. For40 important period in the country’s early history. M years that bell called to their studies Al- lentonians who are now the leading men From, of the city. The school w as built by the commissioners. It didn’t pay and was sold at sheriff’s sale to a man named Troxell, from whom about 1881 or 1882 it wras bought by Joseph Ruhe, of Ruhe Bros. Date, ll'/zJkii 3/. Mr. Ruhe then built his handsome resi¬ A Real oIS^p5dfat dence on the site of the old academy. Thomas K. Seisl.qy.©, of 029 North When the defunct school passed into his it rest, this city, is in'the ^possession of ar hands Air. Ruhe became owner of the hioned, high-cornered, eight-day'.., bell in the steeple. It is said the bell ““ ’"Story of which is more or less was one of the Christ Church bells of r** - -3__ 8

modelled, the old Allentown Seminary Island House at Second and Union s Philadelphia. Mr. Ruhe has taken great) ,tz, Guth & Co.’s store at SixMi and H care of the relic. He has had it gildedj ilton streets, Clover Nook, the old reside! and placed it in his parlor as an orna j of the late Robert E. Wright, which forms part of the present Allentown College for *'The bell is about 15 inches high and; Women, the stone bridge over the Jordan weighs 100 pounds. The clapper was, Creek at Hamilton street, and the old frame either lost or stolen during the removal, bridge over the Lehigh River at Hamilton of the bell from the old academy steeple., street that was washed away by the flood oil There is an inscription on it which has 1862. j never been deciphered except the date The map shows the occupants of all the j 1769 and the word “Bethlehem.’ Mr different buildings along the principal streets Ruhe thinks mention might be made of and by wajr bt retfospect we here give the the bell in the minutes of the commis¬ reader an insight ot our main thoroiightare sioners when they ordered.thebuildiugo as It appeared in 1850: the academy. He has been urgei o On Hamilton street between Fourth and place the bell in the parade 1< nday night Penn there were but five houses at that time, and will probably do so. three oh the north side and two on the south side. Those on the north are noted as having been owned by J. Keck, H. bchnur-j man and M. Stiles. The ownership ot the; two properties on the south side Is not de- noted, but on Fourth street just north oil Hamilton there stands a building which isl | marked as “Mr. Pretz’s barn.” Between! Penn and Fifth streets, on the north side,. there stood three bulidmgsjthe first one, now! the property ot Dr. J. P. Barnes, being Jacob, Ruhe’s, whilen,hiio .rJ. wWT . Wilson was the posses¬nosses- THE LONG AGO. sor of the property now owned by Congress-j WHEN ALLENTOWN WJ^NOT T™ QUEEN OITYj f man Erdman. At the northeast corner,! OF THE LEHlGtt XAULET-AN 01 D MAF I where the city offices are located, resided1 RECALLS MEMORIES OF DATS LONG Rev. Mr. Brobst and the late Rev. Joshua' , SINCE GONE—BUSINESS MEN OF A FORMER GENERATION. jYeager. At the southeast corner, where / Citv Engineer ■ Grbssart has in lus posses- udge Albright now lives, resided the Green- j I eaf family. aoV, copy ot . m»P *“!T"VmZ remimscenses of the earlier history of All On the north side of the city’s principal 1/ town in half an hour than can be told by ihoroughfare, between Fifth and the present | those whose lot it was to live m the last ,aw street; stood the old Court House, while generation and watch the growth and pro¬ ext to it was the residence of Hon. Henry j gress ot the city, can tell in a week. The King. The building still stands and is owned relic of which Mr. Grossart’s map is a copy by Hon.UUL,. JohnD. Stiles.—- The- other bui’diDgs*• was published in I860 and Is an excellent on that side were occupied by H. G. Long-1 representation of the topography of the flecker, attorney : James Roney’s store and j 44 years ago. The limits of the lutUre Queen Dr. W’m. Rotttlg and at the corner where Dr. City Ot the Lehigh Talley then extended George M. Homing how lives, the late Rob- only from the Jordan Creek to Tenth street E. Wright, Esq , did his law business. On I and trom the Little Lehigh River to L^rly the south side where the residences of Hon j street. The streets then bore the cnr.stian W. H. Ainey, the Woolever estate and Samuel names of men and women, Fourth street be- Lewis now stand, was a vacant lot owned by ln" known as Tllghman street; Fifth, Mar¬ C. R. Ginkinger, while from there up to the garet ; Sixth, William; Seventh, Allen; corner ot Law street, which had then not Eighth, James ; Ninth, Annie ; Tenth, Jeffer been christened, were the houses of J. H. son. Union, Hamilton, Turner, Chew and Saeger, M. Wyckofi and M. Cooper. Liberty streets had the same names then as Between Law and Sixth streets the street now. Walnut street was Known as John had already been built up and among those street and Linden street as Andrew street. who did business In that block were Edmund On the border ot Mr. Grossart’s map are ex¬ J. Moore, W. S. Marx, P. W. Wyckoff, J. D. cellent representations ot some ot tne most Stiles, S. A. Bridges and E. Forrest, lawyers; Important buildings and other structures o, Lewis Schmidt had a drug store at Charles that day. Among them are the old Zion Re¬ C. K’ump’s present stand, while Jonathan formed Church built in 1814; Samson, Reichard ran a shoe store on the site of Wagner & Co.’s store at Eighth and Hamilton Aschbach’s music store. The American Hotel ' streets ; the old Eagle Hotel with the stores occupied its present place and the map says of Grim & Reninger and Thomas Wilson ad¬ J. Kolb was the proprietor. On the south joining ; Probst & Kreuss’ (later Ba'ber’e side between Law and Sixth streets the foundry) at Third and Walnut streets ; the properties were owned principally by the Court House belore It was extended and re- s- ' ^ IOK 1 -r -l Saeger and Prefz famines, while at the cor¬ building where Jesse Shaier kept a ner, on the site ot the ruins of last October’s big Are, was Pretz & Guth’s dry goods store. On th\ northwest corner of Market Square, The north side of the street west of Sixth Eli Steckel kept the old Eagle Hotel, while’ was then, as now, an Important business next to him Grim A Renninger ran a dry goods icentre ana we find on the map that on the store. They had rivals next door in the per¬ jfilte of Kramer’s building G. A. J. Saeger sons of T. B. Wilson and Yeager A Weidner, had a hardware store. A little further up both ot whom were in the same line. Joseph Ibochuian Bros, conducted a shoe store. j Weiss was in the jewelry business near by, ’Their neighbor was B. D. Reichard who sold and M. B. Yeager a hatter, and Guth, Y'oung landies to the lads and lassies of the last ,A Trexler were in mercantile pursuits in the jeneration. John McLean had a hardware Isatne block. itore next to the confectionery and G. Stein’s I Just west ot Market Square on the south ewelry store adjoined his place cl business. [side Weiss 'A Lichtenwalcer were in part¬ A. J. Clifton made boots and shoes next door nership in the clothing business, Keck A to Mr. Stein. H. Degering, the tailor, Troxell, were merchant tailors, while Steokel swapped jokes with Mr. Chiton and James A George conducted a refectory. On the Geangeior sold hats to the people. The late same side between present Hail street and W. H. Blumer then conducted a savings bank Eighth street, we notice that Barber A and next to him J. D. Davis tried to do a law Young were in the iron and steel business. business. L. Woodring contributed to the J. C. Cole was the cooper of that day and variety ot businesses in the block by starting next door J. F. Ruhe, a Justice cf the Peace, saddlery and next to him was C. 8. Massey’s attended to whatever business he had. Ruhe jewelry store. At the corner Blumer A Bush A Son and H. Beiter were in the tobacco had a stationary store. Where Ebbecke & trade, and Ruhe A Saeger were cabinet¬ Co. now do a hardware business G. H. Reber makers. On the opposite side of the street measured out dry goods and his neighbors Mr. Schnuman was in the dry good and gro¬ were S. Pettit, a cooper ; W. H. Good, Cbas. cery business where Roth A Sourwine now Troxell, Eckert A Co , tobacconists, in the | have their their clothing store, then came C. order named. J. Miiler an undertaker had Scholl, the tailor, who lived next door to Dr. this headquarters two doors below and the W. E. Danowsky. The latter’s next door Lehigh Register its office one door below the neighbor were Mertz A Landis, dry goods old Zion Reformed Church, that stood on the and groceries, who in turn had as neighbor present site ot the church. Airs. Brown the milimer. G. 0. Hand was a The people who were in business on the dentist who did business in the block along¬ north side of the thoroughfare between the side of Wm. Eckert’s tobacco store, next present Church street and Centre Square, door to which H. Wint sold candies. G. that was then known as Market Square, were Lucas the boot and shoe dealer, and O. R. p J. B. Moser who sold drugs and hardware Hofiman thejeweler, occupied the next two If over the same counter, while next door buildings, then came the corner, where on Charles Runk dealt out law. A Mrs. Smith the site ot Farr, Haas A Co.’s shoe store showed all the latest styles in bonnets next Samson A Wagner had a large drygoods to Mr. Runk, while next to Mrs. Smith store. Thomas Weiss did his tailoring and John F. West ol Eighth street a comparatively Reeser made boots and shoes. J. H. Bash small amount ol business was done, but it is had a store just west of Mr. Weiss’ place of noticed that the present Cri ss Keys Hotel business ana used to greet his neighbor, was then known as the Farmers’ Hotel and David Mertz, the saddler, with a happy was kept by B. FI. Hagenbuch. At the south¬ “ Good Morning.” At the corner the hotel, east corner of Tenth and Hamilton streets |where the “ boys ” were wont to gather, was Solomon Weaber also Sonducted a hostelry known as the Allentown Hotel. It was kept The building at the northwest corner ot by Wm. Craig. It has, as we all know, since Ninth and Linden streets was known as the been replaced by the handsome edifice, known Evangelical Meeting House. as the Hotel Allen. The First jWara was not then developed up Where H. Leh & Co , Breiuig A I’, oilman, to its present state of Industrial activity H. Guth & Son, the Lehigh Valley Trust and there being noted on the may? less than 75 Sate Deposit Company, the Chronicle and houses. The present Ridge Avenue was H. M. Leh A Co., now do business, the A'ten- known as Livingston or Furnace street; I town Democrat was published, Pierre, a French second street as Harrison stree't and Walnut barber, scraped the chins ot his customers, street in that section of the city as Middle Lind A Good sold hats, J. Schmidt made street. The extension of Union street run¬ boots and L. Christ turned out the latest ning from Second to Union streets diagonally j styles in clothes, Wm. Reimer did a barber- to the bridge over the Lehigh Elver was ing business and in the building where the called the Old Reading Road. Chronicle is now issued, the publishers ot No railroad had then as yet readied Allen¬ the Independent Republican strove to eke out town,- but we see on the map that a route an existence. Next door where H. M. Leh known as the iielawafe, Lehigh, Schuylkill & Co’s large building now stands, was an old and Susquehanna Railroad running from miiladelphia, about this Ltbe roo.ms set apart lor his Easton to the Lehigh and Schuylkill cOb.1 > HouSe. .. regions bad been surveyed through the wnen ue handed me the ting he said; Here j.s a ring to remember the belt, which First Ward, which was then known as Eas is made from oue of tin* p eces cut out of the Allentown.’ ft was to enter Allentown Just cell when the attempt v as made to restore Its west of .the juncture of the Little Lehigh; cone by cutting zurzag aloug the original with the Lehigh River and pass through the j crack of the Dell that proclaimed Liberty. The rin^ measures uiuebixiy*fourths (9 o4;i future First Ward close to Second street as, mches at the nairowest part and eighteen) far as Hamilton, where it took a course in sixty-tourths (18 64) inches at the widest part. a northeasterly direction towards the pre-; L'he insiae diameter is tortpoue sixty-fourths sent AUentown Bolling Mills. That part-cu^ (41-64) inches* and tne oU’side diameter is □ ity-nve sixty-’ourttis (55-64) inches. It lar route was never constructed._ weighs thirty and oue-hait (3i'4k.) carats, or mar (4) peniiyweights. It lias two crack* at points where it was brazed, and its general lorm is that of a plain oval ring. From, I kept the ring during tnese years in a shell box lu my home at Reading, Pa., until the Columbian Exposition, when I wore it md viewed the bell as it passed through Reading on its way from Chicago to Phila¬ delphia, Friday, November 3d, 1893. i On Christmas Pay, in the year 1893, 1 gave che ring to my sou, William Bickiey Fiy, liv-| Date, mg in Hrifcon, Luzerne county, Pa. In witness whereof I have hereunto set AN HlSTORl^fRlNG. mv hand and seal this nttti day ol February m in the year ot our Lord eighteen hundred 1 XT IS MADE OUT OF METAL TAKEN FROM THE and ninety-tour. liberty bell. In the presence of James P. Buxton, James Mr. William B. Fry, ot Dnfton, Pa , son ot 0. Baker, George M. Hcfford; J. H. Trevas- Alderman George Fry; ot this city, has be- kis, Harry E. Sweeny. Sallie C. Fry, Wiliam B. Fry. Aurelia S. FnY. (Seal.) come the owner ot a relic which, to him, is State ot Pennsylvania; Co. of Ltizerne, ss. i almost priceless. It, Is at once a symbol, a Be it remembered, that on the fifth day ot sign and a token. A symbol of that herald February, A. 1) , eighteen hundred and ot freedom and liberty which received the ainetv-four before me, the subscriber, a Notary Public in and for said County and| ovation of a continent only a lew months State, personally, appeared Aurelia Schoen- ago ; a sign ot the veneration which was felt telder Fry, nee Bickley, who being duly| for the Liberty Bell years ago and wHich sworn according to law, doth depose and say that" the abo^e statement is true and time has Increased and strengthened ; arid a correct to the best of her knowledge And be-, token that will remain a precious heirloom Aurelia S. Fry. In the family ot Mr. Fry. The relic IS in the Sworn and subscribed before me the day shape of a ring. This ring was^ made Irom and year aforesaid. Elliott A. Oberrender, the metal that was cut away along the Notary Public. zigzag crack of the Liberty Bell with the The ring also has an historic resting place.. Idea that it would restore the toDe of the It reposes in a box made Irom a piece ol tim¬ bell. Joseph Bickley, a cousin of Mrs. Au-| ber taken Irom one ot tbe beams that sup¬ reliaS. Fry; the mother ot Mr. Whi. B. Fry,| ported the flxor of the old Zion’s Retormed was In charge ot the bell at that time. He Church, AUentown, when that edifice was took the chippings and had this ringcon-j ^ razed to the ground in iii§8. As is well, structed out of them. In the year 1850, known, it was in this church that the bell was while Mrs. Fry was on a visit to the family concealed in 1777 to protect it Irom the of Mr. Bickley, in Pniladeiphia, the latter : hands of the British troops who would havej presented her with the rmg, and, naturally, considered it a leather in their caps of ex¬ she guarded it with jealous care until oni traordinary size and brilliancy had they suc¬ Christmas of last year, when she presented I ceeded in effecting its capture. The late it to her son, William B. Fry, who upon a re- Mrs. Martin Weiser secured a block ot wood j eent visit to Allentown exhibited it to the , irom one or the beams. After her death It], writer, who was permitted for a few min¬ passed into the family of her son, the late. utes to wear the precious circle. Nelson Weiser; where it remained intact; Tne accompanying affidavit clearly estab¬ until the visit of the Liberty Beil, last No-1 lishes the authenticity ot tlie ling and Its vernber, when a piece was taken off, encased history : I in a neat box and presen ed to Mayor Stuart, Driftox, Luzerne Co , Pa., I Januaky 31st, 1894. i | of Philadelpfiia, tor the collect on ot rel cb n To Whom This Matt Concern;—i, Amelia Independence Hall, where it is now on exhi¬ Schuenlelder Fry, hee Bickley, do solemnly bitions say that when 1 was a young lady, about the As time passes on and the memories ol the year ot our Lord eighteen hundred and fifty) (1850), while on a visit fiom Reading, Pa.,; bell and the associations connected with it Uieu my residence, to Pniladeiphia, Pa , 1 re¬ become fainter and fainter, this ring will al¬ ceived at the nands of my coU3in, Joseph ways remain to teach to coming generations Bickley, axing made irom the Liberty B 11 ot the grand part which the Liberty Bell played 1776 lame. The said Joseph Bickley was in cnarge ot the beilr.y ot I .dependence Hall, in the grand drama that made us a free and and independent natiotl. dedicated in 1750 by Rev. I'. H- xrawD- The second church was con¬ structed in 1785 ancl in the same year was dedicated by the local pastor, Rev. J. Burskirk, and Rev. Johann f. Ernst, of Brunswick, N. J. The consistory, which signed the attestation, was composed of Peter Trexler, Henry Eigner, elders, and Valentine Haupt, Henry Warm- kessel. Adam UaivartLer, Christian Weber deacons. The building com¬ mittee’ consisted of George Breinig, A Candmark of Lehlghton Gone. Michael Schmeier, Johannes Heicli and An old building Is disappearing from Daniel Schmeier. The attestation con- Bank street, Lehlghton. It dates back to eludes with the following words: Der the days when Lehlghton was yet known as Herr unser Gott segue zeitlich uud ewie, | alio dei deiser stiftung getrenlich nach- Henrysburg, a name that has almost passed kommen. Derr Herr aber sehe drein und out of recollection. On the 25th of June next rache es wo dawider gehandell wird. it will be 103 years that William Henry and Amen 1 Gottes wort und Luther’s Lehr Jacob Weiss, who owned 204 acres of land vergeht nuu und nimmermer, which (the site on which Lohighton Is now located) translated into English means: fh® Lord our God bless you, and forever all conveyed the lot on which the stone house our successors who shall remain faithful was built and the one adjoining to Robert to the purpose of this undertaking. May Morris for fifteen pounds, English money. | He look upon and avenge whatever is Robert Morris,who was a Philadelphian,died I done to thwart and oppose it. Amen ! and willed the lots to Sophia Nixon, Sophia God’s word and Luther’s teachings shall Nixon sold them to Wm. Warner, Warner never disappear.” Both edifices were erected entirely as Lutheran churches, sold them to Charles G. Bauer, the father of !but in 1843 it became necessary to repair Sheriff Franklin Bower, and the Bauers sold the old structure when they entered into them to David Ebbert. The last sale took an agreement with the Reformed faith, place in 1874. The stone house was erected when it became a union church. There by Wm. Henry, the original owner, and was are still records in possession of the con¬ gregation over a century old. Marriages the second house in the town. It was used were recorded thus: “By authority of a for many years as a hotel and was at one license, bearing date Feb. 9, 1772, Johan¬ time occupied by John Leisenrlng,the father nes Fogel and Anna Ro9ina Schad are of the Maueh Chunk Leisenrings. It was in lawfully married, after three separate this house that the late A. W. Leisenring,the publications, Jacob Von Buskirk.” The President of the First National Bank, was church record contains 71 names of cate¬ chumens for 1774, 34 for 1776, 49 for 17<9, born February 11,1826. Mr.Ebbert proposes 45 for 1781, 55 for 17S3, 66 for 1785. 91 for during the coming summer to put up a large 1793 and 94 for 1799. The following are business edifice. the Lutheran pastors who served this congregation: Phillipp Heinrich ■ "',1 Rapp, the founder, from 1745 to * Uf i 1751, when he received a call : From, from a cnurch in New York; Jacob Fred¬ erick Sehertlein, 1753 to 1765; Johann . George Wiessner, 1765 to 1779; Jacob Van •*. Buskirk, 1770 to 1800; J. F. Obenhausen, i 1800 to 1806; Frederick Gaisenheimer,_1806 to 1808; Henrich Heyne, 1808 to 1816; Rev. Steelier, 1816 to 1819; Benj. German, 1819 Date, to 1836; Jeremiah Schindei and Christo¬ pher A. Frederick each preached a year and a halt; Joshua Yeager, now deceased, from 1841 until about 7 years ago, when OLD RECORDS. u Rev. Dr. A. R. Horne was elected and is still serving. The Reformed ministers THE PASTORS OP THE LEHIGH were: O. g7 Herman, Joshua Derr, who CHURCH NEAR ALBURTIS. served until 1863; Rev. Dr. Wm. A. Maelf- frlcb now deceased, elected in 1863 and Progress of the Work on the New Edi¬ continued until a few weeks ago, when fice. he died. He however, was unable to do Shamrock: Work on the new Lehigh any pastoral work for the last 15 years, ; church near Alburtis is progressing rap¬ and his son Neviu assisted him, and was idly. The following masons commenced elected in his stead, on April 1, by a work: Nathan Vvarmkessel, Henry Steele, unanimous vote. O. Esterly, Frank E. Meitzler, Morris jShankweiler, John Bauman and Mr. Kline. The corner-stone is to be laid on Whit- [Sunday. The size of the main building will be 70x47 and the chapel 40x40 feet. The interior will be handsomely frescoed. It will be adorned similar to Huff’s church, wiin life-size pictures of Christ and His twelve apostles in the rear of the altar. During the week the building , committee visited Kutztown and inspected the new Trinity Lutheran church. The fashioned,"but pleasing, hhd'i8 falnled and finished in bright colors. 7)fct was decorated with boxwood and old^asnioned*- paper (lowers of the most vivid colors and origfi nal shape?. Strings ot this boxwood plenti- iii’.ly Interspersed w'tlx these hand-made llowers, were entwined around the pillars supporting the galleries. They were strung alongside the latter and hung In festoons, wreaths and garlands trom organ and chan¬ delier, while a string of these scissored 150 YEARS OLD. dowers hung pendant from the latter. In THE JORDAN LUTHERAN OjJ*rfjCH IN SOUTH the vestibule stood the first altar ever used Whitehall yESTRjtn^JY celebrated la the church and on the top ot it, sur¬ its sesqui-CrntWknial in 1 liE J’RESBNCK of an IM¬ rounded by flowers (natural ones), stood the MENSE CROWD. first communion set usedj ol pewter. On the All roads yesterday seemingly led to the wall In the vestibule; la gilt letters trimmed Jordan Lutheran Church, in South White¬ with boxwood; was the word. 1 “ j Welcome.!’: , On hall. From every point ot the compiss b either side ol the high,old-fashioned altar,was steady stream of vehicles poured to one con¬ a wreath ot boxwood-shaped, somewhat like! verging point. Frotn as far south as the a horse shoe and having In the centre a gilt lower borders ot the Milfords there were cross. The box was studded with gilt letters persons who, at one time in their lives, held forming the words “ Hope, Charity and close communion wi'.h the Jordan Lutheran Faith.” On the other 3lde oi the altar was* Church, and who found in the celebration ol a similar wreath, on which were, the words, Its sesqui-centeDuial their old love and in¬ ‘‘Our Jesus, Savior.” On the wall back of terest rekindling and by their presence paid the altar, also in gilt characters were the, a tribute to the church that nurtured them figures “ 1741-1891.” Underneath were the - in their youth and early manhood. And names ot the ministers that served the con¬ what Is true of that township Is equally true gregation sinoe Its Inception—Revs. Birken- of every other township In the ccuaty. stock, Scbaertleln, schaum, Jung, Lehman I While the services on Saturday night were Frantz, GoetsS, Schillard, Dill, Ellison, Diller,| well attended It remained lor yesterday to Gelsenhainer, Wartman, Doering, Schiedel,I witness a crowd that was unequalled in the Leopold. Berndt, Kiiehner. in the vestibule.: history ot that congregation. For at least a in the church was a book m which the vis!-■ distance ot a mile and more, on every roao tors registered their Dames and which will K that led to the church, one team stood close oe preseived in the archives ot the church, against the bther, The yard of every farm j The services commenced on Saturday even¬ house was packed with vehicles, Yhe hotel ing at 7.30. The exercises were opened by I at Walbert’s station was overwhelmed with a selection by the choir, under charge ot Ed ; carriages and the proprietor did a land office Kocher : “Oh, Worship the Lord.” The lttur-j business. While some estimated the number gical services were conducted by Rev. U. P. g ol teams as high as a thousand, a more con-1 Heilman, ot Athol, Lebanon county. The| servative estimate .Placed them at about German addre-is was delivered by Rev. F. K. J 700. While the serviced Werk Interesting, the Berndt, who took as his text John III, 4: “ I: crowd was more so. What vigorous lads' have no greater Joy than to hear that my| and lasses, with the bloom ot health on then children walk In truth.” His address wasl cheeks and their eyes sparkling with the directed mainly to the confirmed members; elixir of youth ! The old renewed (he ac- qf the Church. After the singing of a hy mn tqualntances of their youth and indulged in Rev. J. W. Mayne, of Easton, read the second the rbmlnisCBiiees fthUSh shell meetings al-' verse ot the filtieth Psalm: “Out ot Zion, ways revive. “ ConfirmaifteU,’ v7ho together the perfection ot beauty, God hath shined.”| took the vdtf.s of the chtirch! and their re-1 Rev. Mr. Mayne Fpoke with his usual elo-1 fliglon, bitgefliV hHated eaiih other up and quence and traced the progress of the con-1 spoke of the time when they took the!* cate¬ gregatlon from the tent to the tabernacle.!

chetical instruction together. Hundreds After prayer by Rev. J. D. Schindel, »Dd a se-t wandered through the gravey ard and read lection by the choir, “ Before Jehovah’s] the quaint Inscriptions and decidedly origi¬ Awful Throne,” there was an address by nal pieces of lugru'orloil3 poetry which ex¬ Father E. A. Bauer, of Lehighton, the oldest tended a startling invitation to every pass¬ clergyman in the Ministerium, after which erby to take warning ot the fate ot him who Rev. E. A. Yehl, ot Easton, made a short lay beneath the sod and prepare tor death— address. At the close ot the services a re¬ and on such a bright, beautilul day too. union, in which all the members ot the| The present church structure, erected in church participated, was held and which was 1842- 43, With a steeple (erected ih 1§8§) that one ot the most erjoyable events ot the oc-i can be seen tdr tniies; Was of S.ilBrse, packed casion. through a^,the Service*. I's Jnuiribr is old- The Sunday morning services commenced at 9 30 o’clock by a selection from the choir, a- - w % 13

F. Ellison, who eerved We Walt lor Thy Loving Kindness." The to 1798 Rev. John Caspar Dill he¬ main feature of the morning services was me-pestor a second time, serving Ircm the historical sermon by Rev. F. J. F. Schantz, D.D., a child of the congregation. The rev¬ 798 until 1806. itev'. Henry Anastaslus erend gentleman traced the early settlement Geissenhalner was pastor from lSO’li to the of the county in a brief but concise manner [early part of 1814. In 1811 the first orgaD and recounted the sutferlngs the fathers en¬ i was placed in the church, and cost i'219, 5s, dured. The first ministrations to the Luth¬ | lid. Pastor Geissenhainer was succeeded eran people in the Jordan region are credited oy Rev. George Wartman and Rev. Joseph to John Casper Stoever, who in 1734 baptized I Doering. Their ministry continued until a child of John Lichtenwalner. John Casper 11837, when Rev. Jeremiah Schlndel was Stoever came to Pennsylvania September 11, elected pastor of the church. He at thal 1728. He prepared for the ministry in Ger¬ time served eight congregations: Jordan, many, preached on board the vessel coming | Trexlertown, Ziegler’s, Union, Weisenberg, to this country, and continued preaching | Lowhiil, Heidelberg and Trockenland. The after his arrival in America. He was or : first church was erected in or after 1744, the dalned April 8, 1733, by Christian Schultz. ' [second in 1770 and 1771. The cornerstone ol who was about departing for Europe to se¬ Ithe second chiirCli was laid on August cure aid for the scattered Lutherans in 3, 1842, and the building committee Pennsylvania. Others who ministered to | were Jacob- Hennmger, Daniel Deily, the Lutherans in the Jordan region were Dewald Kun’z and Jacob Schantz. The Rev. Mr. Schmidt, in 1736; Rev. Mr. Streiter cotal expense was $3,581.24. In 1819 the in 1738, who was also a schoolmaster. [present parsonage was erected at a cost ot On September 10, 1738, Rev. John Justus ill, 143 64 Pastor Schlndel resigned in 1861, ; uacob Birkenstock and Lorenz Guth arrived Utter serving for nearly 24 years. He died ! in Philadelphia. The latter was one of the ■July 2, 1870, aged 63 years, 1 month and 17 founders of the Jordan congregation. Rev. days. On May lltb, 1861, Rev. Owen Leo¬ lirkenstock was pastor of the congregation pold was elected pastor and served it for 22 rom 1740 to 1750. From this it is interred rears. Daring Leopold's ministry at Jordan hat Jordan congregation was organized in an important event to’bk glass in Allentown .740, possibly as early as 1739, alter Lorenz —the opening ot Muhlenberg College, in 1 nth’s settlement In South Whitehall. The September, 1867. Rev. F. K. Berndt became Irst record of the baptism of children Is pastor in 1883. He resigned in 1889 to ac¬ lated February 25, 1739. As near as can be cept the Professorship ot Latin and Greek iscertalned the first church was erected in in the Keystone State Normal School. In 1744, near the north wall of the old burial L886 the tower, spite and hell were erected ground, and was a log building. November at a cost of $2,539 17. The present pastor, 25, 1742, Henry Melchior Muhlenberg, the pa¬ Rev. M. J. Kuehner was ordained on June 3. | triarch of the Lutheran church in America, 1390. jarrived at Philadelphia. The arrival ot This in part is the history of the church, IFatber Muhlenberg was an .epoch in the his- a3 taken trom Dr. Sohanlz’s admirable ser¬ jtory ot Lutheranism. The second event in mon. O wing to a Jack of space even as a ithe history ot Rev. Birkenstock’s ministra¬ synopsis it is incomplete. The whole dis¬ tion was the organization ol the Ministe- course is published in hook form, and is an rium of Pennsylvania in August, 1748, in St. admirable wofk. Rev. Dr. Schantz, in his Michael’s Church in Philadelphia. sermon, thoroughly sustained his reputation The next regular pastor ot Jordan congre¬ as one of our foremost chilrOh historians. gation was Magister Jacob Friederich Schaert- The afternoon services were opened by the lein. During the ministry ot this pastor the singing ol the chcir ‘‘Before Jehovah’s settlers experienced great trouble with Awiui intone;" The principal address of the Indians. The French and Indian the afternoon waa ffidde Ju German wars devastated the country at that period. by Rev. Dr. G. F. Spieker. His text tvas Pastor Schaertlein remained in charge of the taken from the twenty-seventh Psalm, sixth 1' congregation until 1763, possibly until 1767. verse. Rev. Dr. S. A. R-pass, 1). D.. then j He died In 1768. In 1769 John George Jung made an address in English and was lollowed was ordained pastor of the church. Itev. by Rev. Ur. A. Motne, In German. The ad¬ i Daniel Lehman wa3 the next pastor of the dresses of all these were eloquent and able j congregation and was ordained in 1778.: discofrrses. Rev. Schantz then made a spec¬ !During the pastorate of Rev. Lehman the ial plea lor a tbafik-oirerifig and urged the . members of the Jordan congregation shared erection ol a Sunday school chapel. £et. J. with other colonists the trials ot the war for D(f1Sehindel then presented to the congrega¬ Independence. Carl Christopher Goetz te ft q. fine engraving ot the old parsonage, served from 1784 to 1789 and it was during; which stood on an ea-el within the chancel. ihis pastorate that Gen. George Washington Rev. t'r. Theodore L. Selp, the beloved |was inaugurated first President ot the United president of Siuhiehbetg College, also made States. There is no record of a pastor from an eloquent plea in behalt of that institfttlon. 1789 to 1791. Rev. John Caspar Dill was Rev. Schindel then read the names of those ]pastor irom 1791 to 1796. He was succeeded who died during the last reunion in 1890. grounds, xnai tfie seeds, or Beans, will germin The evening servloes opened with an address ate is attested by the fact that Mr Searles has in German Dy Rev. Adolph Spaeth, D. D., ot now a shoot about two feet m heignth which has grown from a kernel which he planted a yeai ago. Philadelphia. The English address was de¬ Mr S. is very positive that he and many hun¬ livered by Prof. M. H. Richards, t). D. dreds of others who have from time to time no¬ The collection on Saturday night amounted ticed the peculiarities of the tree have never seen , any other bearing any similarity to any of the, to $6 Si, on Sunday forenoon to $14.89, and strange features it presents. Being a remarkable m the afternoon to $32 97. oddity, and exciting the wonder of the many who This article Would hot be complete were at various times chanced to see The What-is-I., not mention made of the e^beilent dinner we felt anxious to establish its trae Bource name and species, and finally hit upon Dr. William tl. and supper served on the lawn ot the church Herbst, of Trexlertown, who is conceded to be by the ladies of the congregation. It was one of the most learned botanists in the State, only intended tor a lunch, but approached and furnishing him with a twig of the tree, and several of its pods and beans, he after a carefu. in¬ the dimensions ot a feast. spection and investigation found it to be recor«e,, tr botanically as the “Gleditschia Tncanehos which Anglicized means the Honey Locust, also known in some localities as the “Three Thorned From Acacia.” The Doctor says the tree bearsJYut semblance to our common native Locust, out that its leaflets are smaBer and of a lighter greem It is said to be, he says, not 1‘able to 11 thnes nf insects and is therefore to be seen at all times in all its normal and beautiful proportions. Its native region is the wide valley between the Alle- ghanfes and the Mississippi. The Honey Locust Dat derives its name from the sweetness of the pulp I that envelops the seeds contained m their large flat pods which however become sour and bitter THAT STEAK G E1 AND C when fully ripe. The generic name is derived jVEH IN EAST ALLENTOWN BO kANTCALLT from John Gleditsch, a German botanist, and the DENTIFIED AT LAgT.—Several months ago ve published an item in these columns descrip¬ specific name from the thorns on the branches. It is only indigenous in Pennsylvania as an orn> tive of a rare and curious tree standing on the mental tree. Parties desiring seeds can be accom- premises of Mr. George W. Searles, on the Allentown and Bethlehem pike, m East Al¬ modated by calling on Mr. John Hulk lentown. Nothing like it having ever before been seen anywhere in this county, or m the adjornw ones, the tree, which now stands abotu 30 teet high, has for a long time attracted ®rea|Qat„tf“t1!.°^ from passers by, and many hundreds stoppo yearly to view it and make inquiry as 1“ proper name, place of nativity&c., but no sat - factory information could be given by the owne bother than that it had come to him as a sort ot a V< 1 ‘ waif” or “ foundling,” under the belief that it had . 'come as a seed many hundreds of miles in a storm cloud. As to its character and nature beyond this he was a “ nix-wisser” or know-nothing. Some 14 years ago, on a hot summer day, after the subsidence of a heavy thunder shpwei, he THE FATHER OF AMERICAN ORGANS, j while out on the pavement in front of his house observed on top of some sand and light debris that The Han Who MadVthe First of These Instru had lodged in the gutter what appeared to him to ments Lived at Kraussdale. be the seed head of a strange looking thistle, and not having before seen one like it he planted it m The first organ built in America was | his yard. A tree sprouted from it, and growing made by Andrew Krauss.of Kraussdale, vigorously from the start it has now, as already stated, attained to a height of about thirty feet, Lower Milford Township, with the assis¬ and from the fact that no other like it has eyei tance of his brother John. This wasj been seen or heard of in these parts a description in 1790, and Andrew was then only 19 of it may now again prove of interest to many ot our readers, since we have now at last, after con¬ years of age. In 1796 he made the Hist siderable effort, succeeded in having the tree bo- church organ, which is still in use in the tanieallv identified. From the base of its trunk Longswamp Church. Then followed one to the top, and all over its many branches,_ pro¬ m trude numerous clusters of long, sharply pointed for the Catholic Church at Churchville, thorns, varying in length from one and two to still in use; one for the Six-Cornered ten inches, these in turn having additional out¬ Church; one for the old Goshenhoppen growths of others of smaller size, thus presenting Church, still in use; one for the Re¬ a formidable barrier and warning against any at¬ tempt at climbing the tree. In fact it would be formed Church, of Allentown, still in impossible to accomplish such a feat. Early m use in a church in Berks County; one for the season the tree blossoms somewhat like the new Goshenhoppen, in use; two in our native locust, and the leaves bear a great 'similarity to them. The flowers, which cast Tohickon Church, one of which is in use; off a very fragrant odor, like all locust tiees, one in the Indian Creek Church,and one are the progenitors of great quantities of long, jn the old church at Fifth and Appletre well shaped pods, many of them being nearly a foot in length, each containing a number ot I Streets, Philadelphia, now in use in tin beans, which when fully ripened become very „ new Lutheran Church, at Trenton Ave¬ hard, and assume a brownish hue, and remaining nue and Cumberland Streets. suspended after the branches become leafless in the fall they give the tree a very pretty effect indeed., Mr. Krauss died in 1S41. He is Gradually however they drop off under the agita- credited with having made the first in tions of the winter winds and scatter over the] riorm and the first bass viol in Americ 15

'fieries connected with the church, r is in tlie southern portion of the wn. It is no longer used. Twelve rows of slabs mark t.ha resting places of the patriarchs. There is always something fascinating .. C4, 1 in (lie simple arrangement of these cities, of the dead. The slabs are nearly all very old. Some graves are not marked at Date, . S./J. 1 all; some are marked by numbers on the slabs, while other slabs bear inscriptions. c /- a 1 'Plie oldest grave noticed by the writer was one on which a slab rested which bore THE MORAVIANS AT EMAUS! the year 1745. Thero. are older graves there. The trees in this cemetery have been trimmed lately anil at present it THEY CELEBRATE AN IMPORTANT=>^^AN' looks bare. CHURCH ANNIVERSARY. The new cemetery, which lies in the |northeastern part of the town, is very; The One Hundred and Forty-Seventh of the j nicely kept. The trees are mostly ever¬ Congregation’s Founding — Interesting greens of various kinds. In the middle Kxercises, Attended by People from Many j of the cemetery is a cluster of trees where Miles Roundabout—Doings of the l>ay. outdoor services are generally held. In the eastern part are squares marked by The Allentown Critic of this morning; slabs lying down, but in the western part gives the. following interesting article: a largo number are erect. This is some The Emails Moravian Congregation eele-9 kind of a union burying ground. brateil its 147th anniversary yesterday. jfl The Moravian congregation numbers This is called their gemeinfest. In thcE 225 communicant members at present. It forenoon the Rev. E. Oerter, a member of* is the wealthiest in Lehigh County. The the Provincial Elders’ Conference,of Beth- history of this congregation is very inter-] leheni, preached on the text taken from1 esting. All records are preserved. It was! John xv. 14: “Ye are my friends if ye do! organized on July oO, l i47. A number of whatever I command you.” years previous to this evangelistic work At 2 v. 5i. the love feast began. At was carried on among the German settlers ithis cakes and coffee were served and com-® by the Moravian brethren in Bethlehem. munion partaken. Addresses were made! Gottlieb Berzold and Lenhard Schuiell by the pastor, the Rev. P. F. Rommel, 1 were appointed by the Bethlehem Congre¬ who spoke in English. In the evening! gation *to labor among them. praise service was held and the Rev. Mr. After seven years of faithful labor;tlie Oerter preached in the English language. P following joined the Bethlehem Congre¬ The music at the services was furnished gation : Sebastian Knauss, Annie Khauss, by the church choir, of which William 1 Jacob Ehrenhard, Barbara Ehrenhard, Jarrell is the leader, arid by an orchestral Samuel Koppj Annie Kopp, Conrad Wezel. m, comprising a violin, flute, clarionet, cor¬ Philip- Kratzer, Jacob Ilerrman, and net, and bass trombone. The music isE Henry Guth. In 1742 the work at Emails always a special feature at these services E showed results and the need of a church and Unit of yesterday was very much en¬ building was felt. A small tract .of land joyed by all present. for this purpose and a cemetery was •People from Belvidere, X J.', Allen¬ granted by Jacob Ehrenhard. The church town. Bethlehem, Macungie, Limcport. was built in the same vcyir. and from all the surrounding-villages weref In 1746, a school building was erected present. The festival is a sort of a family! and when completed Christoph Demnth reunion. Those who once belonged to the took possession of it as teacher, until the congregation and have moved away al¬ following summer, in 1748, when it was ways try to go back on gemeinfest day. jr changed into a “kimleraustalt,” which The exercises throughout are very im-j for a time, was in a flourishing condition. press! ve. This institution was removed to Bethle- The church where the services were hem in 1758,, fearing an attack of the held was built in 1884. It is neatly! Indians. Is is now called Moravian Semi¬ furnished. The organ is built on the nal;}'. balcony in the. rear-of the church and In 1747 permanent organization at about this is the place for the choir. The Emaus was effected. July 30 was chosen pulpit was neatly decorated vesterdav. bv the people and on that day the follow¬ On it, were vases filled with ’ beautiful ing proceeded from Bethlehem and organ¬ (lowers. On each side was a cross made ft ized the congregation at a special meeting of evergreens entwined with a circlet of I presided over by Bishop Cammerhof:— white roses. The beauty of the arrange-1 The ten who are already mentioned and men! lav in its simplicity. At one side of - •Joseph Grail, Susanna Graff, Peter Graff, ithe church is a room where the coffee is • Margaret Graff, John Krauss, Jacob • made for such occasions. Loeseher, Caroline L'oesehor, John Koeh¬ On t lie east side of the. church is a sub- ■ ■ ler., Eva Koehler, Martin Bamberger, ist.antittl chapel of brick built in 1876. The Elizabeth Bamberger, John Landis, Mary inside walls of this are decorated with Landis, Jacob Boechtler, Katie Boechller, Ibible pictures and inscriptions. It also Anthony Albrecht, Katherine Albrecht, contains a valuable library. There are George Hartman, Christine Hartman, .nias Wohor, Margaret 11e Weber. Pefcfl located at Allentown, Pa., which proposes ilofman, Louise Ilofmitn, Rudy OberlyJ this week to celebrate its quarter-centennial. .Annie Obcrly, Fred ltausolienbcrgorj It is not a large college, nota university in its •Mary 15. liiiustdienbargcr, Katherine intention or development;, but it has a legiti¬ Guth, Gertrude Cog, R osina Pfingstag, Kosine Mnz, Susanna Kratzer, and Kath¬ mate cause of being and location, and it has erine Wezel. I flourished to the comfort and gratitude of those who planted it and have .ostered it through these twenty-five years. J Muhlenberg College was begun to afford From,. . the opportunity to members of the Lutheran Church, and all others like-minded with them, of a collegiate training for their sons after their own fashion. It is hardly in place here to enter into the details of the position taken in educational matters by this denomination, or, at all events, by the more conservative portion of it, but it may suffice to recall the fact that it demands a positive religious training alongside of the physical j MUHLENBERG COLLEGE and intellectual, and that training positively: can carry on its own THE GREAT LUTHERAN INSTITUTION AT confessional basis. It may be well to add I ALLENTOWN. that the fact that' its membership is: divided among thej German and the Eng- j ITS QUARTER CENTENNIAL lish-speaking por¬ tions of our popula-1 tion necessitates a The Founding and Growth of the College breadth and depth in] Named for the Patriarch of the American the treatment of the1 German language un¬ Lutheran Church—Its Fortunes, Scholars,! usual in the average, Presidents and Alumni. college. A third par-', ticularity arises from, the use of this insti- BENJ. SADTLER, M. D., tution by those who From a Correspondent of Tim Times. Second President. intend, after graduat¬ Allentown, June 18, ing, to enter the theological seminary of their In the multiplicity of events so character¬ church, located at Mount Airy, Philadelphia. istic of our times, no new enterprise can ex-' To secure all these objects a college of their pect a favorable reception which cannot show own was necessary, and the Lutherans in the cause for existence. This truth holds in the eastern part of our State decided to found one. sphere of education as well as in that of busi¬ and took its location into consideration. The location of a college is determined usu¬ ness enterprises; in a word, it is universal. ally by two factors of importance— | Colleges have been formed almost as the offer of endowment and the geo-; thickly as cities. Those which have no ade¬ graphical centre of intended activity and in-j quate reason for fine nee. Where these coincide or arc capa-; existing do not hie of being harmonized, debate settles down | flourish save on rapidly into action, as was the case with Hub-1 Jenfaerg. The Lutheran population intended paperand in pros¬ to be benefited and developed by this college pectuses, even if is thickest in the countries lying about Allen-; endowment has town ; the railroad facilities are such that an ] been lavishly exact centre is unimportant if only the ehoseD j wasted upon point be fairly an approximation. Allen¬ them. They are town had, moreover, been the seat of certain I hut oak trees educational movements, which, just at this time, could be very conveniently utilized, planted in a tub and whose plant was in the market. Finally of sawdust. Dif- those proposing to put their money, as well as ferentictian is the their sympathies, in this movement, predom¬ principlewherchy inated at Allentown, and Allentown accord¬ existence is justi F. A. MUHLENBERG, D.D. LL.D. ingly, and with very little debate, became fled. The new in First President. the location of the new institution. Here, then, it has remained, growing stitution must All a legitimate want not sup¬ quietly and steadily and filling increasingly j plied by that which already exists. That the desire of its founders and the purpose o! want may not be great in quantity, hut it its being. A college is quite youthful at tweu-1 must he worthy in quality. An institution ty-five years ; it is by no moans grown up, as] may not ho a large college or aspire to over¬ is the human being, and its future is as yet! flow into a university, and yet, in its sphere, often the greatest part of its history. But! the constituency back of Muhlenberg Col-i it may be just as legitimate and, in its degree, lege is such as to make a prophecy of just as flourishing as those far more preteu- continued growth a very safe one. Our tions. A big business is not always or neces¬ Lutheran element is a Pennsylvania German sarily a paying one. The application of theso one, and that is a very steady-going one. It eneral statements is to Muhlenberg College, is not noted for rapid and enthusiastic move¬ Prior to its establishment, in lo«7, I'cnn- ment, but it is well known for perseverance sylvanja College at Gettysburg was the only and continuous effort. What it has begun is collegiate institution in organic connection sure to he finished sooner or later, sure not with the Lutheran .Ministerium, to which the to be abandoned at a mere whim or neglect congregations in Eastern Pennsylvania be¬ and for a fancy. It may have been noted long. It was felt that Pennsylvania College, that the consciousness of descent has taken where the Miriisterium of Pennsylvania for hold of this element of late, leading to the many years held two professorships, failed to formation of a State society and research as meet the wants and develop the educational to the more prominent representatives of interests of the 50,000 communicant mem¬ the stock. The result has been to fan iuto bers then belonging to that synod, a number life a great deal of pride arising out of that has since increased to 110,000. Tho re¬ the unexpected richness of the find. moteness of Gettysburg from this centre of The transition from German speaking to Lutheran population and wealth had from English speaking has intensified the intel¬ the beginning been considered by many a lectual activity of this section and the ever- I serious objection to it as a place for increasing distribution of the daily journals jthc education of their youth, and in real¬ of our larger cities is widening out their ity had the effect of limiting tho number views. To maintain colleges, to give by of students from this territory to the pro- j hundreds and by j portion of one college student to every two thousands of their thousand communicants. It was evident dollars, to make be¬ that so small an attendance from this region nevolent bequests in would not develop the educational interests I their wills, are no |of the Lutherans of Eastern Pennsylvania | longer a six months’ as the necessities of the church and the wel¬ wonder when it oc- fare of the community required. There was I curs, as it might danger that in the rapid growth of the have been fifty years synod the church might soon lack educated ago. Diversified in¬ men to fill its pulpits, to say nothing of the dustries have swell¬ higher education of its lay membership. Tho ed competencies in¬ establishment, in 1864, of the Theological to fortunes and the Seminary in Philadelphia, and the organiza- ability to give, to ed- ; tion of the General Council in 1866-67, the ducate, to foster ed¬ [first exclusively and the second chiefly by ucation, have all ad¬ the Minigterium of Pennsylvania, made it of vanced with equal the utmost importance to the interests and footsteps. Muhlen- Theodore l. seif, d. d., development of the church in this territory bergCollege sits in f’resent President: to establish a college for young men. the sunshine of this The differences already existing between propitious future and will undoubtedly share I the ruling elements in the institutions at in its good things. Gettysburg and the Synod of Pennsylvania

INCEPTION AND HISTORY OP THE COLLEGE. in spirit, theological trend, and the degree of importance given to the German language, The history of a college, like that of a wtre increased to such an extent that the nation, is something more and better than a synod was constrained to seek elsewhere the catalogue of famous names, a narrative of education of her youth and the preparation startling achievements, a record of architec¬ of a sufficient number of students for the tural growth and pecuniary acquisitions. It Theological Seminary in Philadelphia. She is the story of an organic life unfolding itself could not have resource to any of the colleges then existing in Eastern Pennsylvania, for, from an ideal germ, controlled by fixed prin¬ however excellent, they were not founded to ciples and conditioned by a certain environ- meet tho peculiar wants of the Lutheran j ment. An institution of learning has an Church aud her population. The synod was individual and personal character. It is not a therefore under the necessity of organizing a ichance aggregation of men and buildings, but college adapted to her own wants and those of the people whom she represented. Muhlen¬ an organism, and before we can really under¬ berg College was the result. stand its nature or its history we must know its vital spirit and the law of its develop¬ THE OLD ALLENTOWN SEMINARY BOUGHT. ment. This is especially true of Muhlenberg The Allentown Seminary, in its day a College. One cannot understand its position widely known institution of learning, was > and its growth nor get a right conception of opened in May, 1848, and continued under its character and the work that it has done I that name until 1864, when it was chartered 1 and is doing unless the idea in which it had birth and which lias always guided its career by the Legislature as “ The Allentown Col¬ i is known. legiate Institute and Military Academy.” This idea was the necessary union of true It now had the chartered rights of a college, j religion and sound le rning. ' There had long hut was in reality merely a private sfhool. It been need of an institution of the character continued under this title until Muhlenburg { of Muhlenberg College. The founders of the College was organized in 1867. From the college, loading men in the Lutheran Church of America, believed that the future welfare fact that many of the pastors aud laymen of I of Ciat denomination and the intellectual de- the Lutheran Church in Allentown and : velopment of the youth of Eastern and Gen¬ vicinity were warm friends and patrons of ii al Pennsylvania in particular depended on the old seminary through all the years of its | l!’° maintenance of the. idea that both Chris- existence the attention of the Ministerium of i i runty and culture were essential to the Pennsylvania was -repeatedly directed to it PI0_sPcrity ot a people. They believed that witli a view to securing it for the synod. I 'toon could best be defended bv the aid of Committees who were charged wit.- the duty philosophy and science. They believed also of looking after the educational inputs o'f that philosophy and science could best be de- the church in the institution at Allent wn, veloped from the Christian standpoint and j were appointed by synod and reported i.^- under Christian influences. And, therefore, I nually from 1860 to 1867, and as early a. they sought to establish an institution that would meet these conditions. 1862 the synod recommended The mstitu-| lege, to act as financi tion as a prepara¬ temporarily of the duties of his professorship. tory school to young He was told that unless he accepted the col¬ men who desired to] lege would go into liquidation. To tell of his prepare for the min¬ labors, tho difficulties of the task before him, istry. Many public- iiis trials and discouragements would require spirited citizens of a great deal of space. Allentown, anxious to secure the bene¬ TIIK DAWN OF A BRIGHTER DAY. fits of a higher in-! He succeeded in awakening anew interest stltution for their in the institution, restored confidence in its young city, co-ope¬ permanancy and averted the ruin that had rated with the Luth¬ eran pastors and lay¬ threatened. About $33,000 were secured for men in their eiforts endowment and current expenses, and a large to induce the Minis-j increase was noted in the number of stu¬ teriura to establish | dents. About this time President Muhlen¬ a college iu Alien- berg was elected to 1 GEO. T. ETTINGER,. Ph. D. town. Their labors the Greek profes- 1 were crowned with sorship in the Uni¬ success, and the agitation and efforts of versity of Pennsyl- \ seven years resulted in the formation ot vania and he re¬ a joint stock company for the purchase signed the presi¬ of the property and the management dency Septemberll, j of the institution by a Board of Trustees. 1876. Dr. Muhlen- The charter was amended, and on February berg remained with j 2, 1867. a new board was elected, in whom the University till were vested ail the rights and privileges of 1838, when he re¬ the former board. signed, and for the THE NEW INSTITUTION. next four years ho The new board took charge of the college lived in retirement at Reading. About April 4, 1867, and unanimously elected Bev. a year ago he was Professor Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg, REV. S. A. ZIEGENFUSS, A.M.elected acting pres¬ then of Gettysburg, to the presidency. His ident of Thiel Col-1 final acceptance ot the position greatly en¬ lege, at Greenville, Mercer county, with couraged the friends of the new enterprise. which institution he is still connected. His ripe scholarship, long experience in Rev. Beniamin Sadtier, D. D., formerly of the Lutherville (Md.) Female Seminary, wasi teaching, eminent personal character, in ad¬ elected to succeed Dr. Muhlenhurg, and en-| dition that he bore a name honored in church tered upon his duties in January, 1877. Ho! and state, marked him out as the man tor the served the college with eminent ability until place. At a meeting of the board May 21,1867, June, 18S5, when he resigned. He now lives the institution was named Muhlenberg Col¬ in easy retirement in Baltimore. In Novem¬ lege, in honor of Henry Melchior Muhlenberg, ber, 1885, Rev. Dr. Theodore L. Seip, who has the patriarch of the Lutheran Church in been connected with the college since its in¬ ception, was elected its president, and his in¬ America and the great-grandfather of the stallation took place January 6. 18S6. Mainly first president of the college. Work was at'» through his efforts-and influence, ably sec- i once begun on the erection of a new building j i onded by the tireless activity and unflagging five stories high and one hundred feet deep, | zeal of Rev. Charles J. Cooper, the treasurer and alterations made to the old buiiding. On and financial agent of the college, the endow- " the evening of Tuesday, September 3, 1867, ment has been increased to $133,000, and the the faculty was inaugurated with public ex¬ debt of $75,000 so long resting on the institu¬ ercises in the Court House, and next day the! tion has been reduced to Jess than $45,000, corner-stone of the new building was laid with excellent prospects o‘f its total extin¬ with religious ceremonies. The day follow-! guishment before many months. The build¬ jng day !lectures and recitations began and ings and grounds have never been in better j the college was launched upon its career under ■ condition or presented a more attractive ap- [ promising auspices. pearauce than they do to-day. ON THE VERGE OP LIQUIDATION. The first class was graduated in 1868, and j Severe trials came to the college early in consisted of four members. Every year since its existence. The financial panic of 1873 then a class has been sent forth, until at! present the alumni numbers 296, many of- and the years immediately succeeding, and whom have won distinction in the professions' the complete stagnation in the great iron in¬ of preaching, writing, teaching, law andj dustries of this valley and region, together medicine or in successful business. Of the! with the general depression of trade, seri- j 296 graduates, 151 have entered the ministry,j ously impaired the prospects of the institu¬ while others are now pursuing a theological tion by the reduction of the number of its course. Muhlenberg College is the principal t feeder of the Lutheran Theological Seminary students and the loss in its income. The early i at Mount Airy, Philadelphia. Over one] expectations of its friends and founders in hundred of the ministers now in connection the matter of securing endowments and funds! with the Lutheran Ministerium of Pennsyl-1 for current expenses had not been realized,! vania received their college training at and at the close of 1875 the college reached a Muhlenberg. The work that the college has! crisis in its history. Its financial burden had! done and is doing proves its right to exist- \ become so great that many of its best friends ence. Its graduates are scattered over this despaired of its ability to live. It absolutely broad land, and in not a few instances are oc- r became necessary to secure funds for its relief! copying the first rank in their professions, or go into liquidation. Finally, in January, side by side with the graduates of institutions 1876, the trustees, constrained by necessity, that are venerable in ago and conspicu¬ elected Rev. Professor Seip, then a member of ous for their magnificent equipment. At the faculty and now the president of the col-| t9

rtiie end of'5fs HStlwenty-flvo_, the classical department the duties of the of all obstacles, it has secured an endowment rofessor of the Latin language and litera¬ larger than her comely mother, Pennsyl¬ ture are at present discharged by the other vania College, possesses at the end of more (professors. than fifty years, and more than old Harvard 1 Iu the academic department George T. Et- had at the close of the first century of her 'tinger, Ph. D., is instructor in Latin, Greek existence. Among the largest "bequests made and German, and Ephraim S. Dieter, M. L., to the college was that by the late Asa Packer, instructor in mathematics and English the beneficent founder of Lehigh University branches. and St. Luke’s Hospital, South Bethlehem, During the term just closed there were who willed it $30,000. This legacy, left it special lectures by Professor Edwin J. Hous¬ in 1879, afforded the institution much-needed ton, of Philadelphia; Rev. Jeremiah F. Ohl, relief, and came at a time when the finances of Quakertoivn ; Rev. Theodore E. Schmauk, were at a low ebb. The board set the money of Lebanon, and Dr. Ilenry H. Herbst, of apart for the endowment of the “Asa Packer , Allentown. professorship of the natural and applied sciences,” at present very acceptably filled MUHLENBERG’S ALUMNI, by Rev. John A. Bauman, A. M., an alumnus j Muhlenberg College has just cause for an of the college, class of 1873. Other liberal honest pride in the laurels which she has givers to the college were James K. Mosser won through the efforts of her sons. Al- and Thomas Keck, who endowed the pro¬ fessorship of Greek. Ithough she is still too young for her gradu- The institution has a strong faculty and jates to have pained any wide fame, yet it is all the professorships are filled by men of (doubtful whether the first twenty-five years signal ability, devoted to the college and its of any purely collegiate institution in the interests. The government is firmly but (United States can kindly administered. Three libraries are (shown better record accessible to the students. The buildings are of work honestly situated in the southeastern part of the city I performed and of and surrounded by : honors deservedly five acres of ground, ' achieved. Her grad¬ devoted exclusivelyto uates are filling im¬ the college. The ac¬ portant positions in commodations are of church and state, in the most approved business aud profes¬ character. The rooms sional life, in twen¬ are large, well-venti¬ ty-five States and lated and abundant¬ Territories, Of her ly furnished with three hundred alum¬ light, the halls and ni nearly fifty-five stairways are com¬ per cent, have en¬ REV. W. H. MYER3. modious, and all tered the Christian ministry. needful convenien¬ Of these Rev. Revere F. Weidner, D. D., of ces are carefully the class of’69, is the most widely known provided. The entire through his numerous publications in the¬ HON. GEO. F. KRIBBS, A.M. institution is sup¬ ology and linguistics. He is at present pro- plied with steam heat. lessor of dogmatics and Greek and Hebrew FACULTY AND INSTRUCTOKS. exegesis in the Lutheran Theological Semi¬ nary, Chicago, Ill., and has received several The faculty as at present constituted con¬ calls to the new University of Chicago. Ho sists of the following: is an indefatigable worker, a true student of Rev. Theodore L. Seip, D. D., president, the German type and the author of about a professor of moral science and Christian evi¬ dozen works, of which his “Christian dence and Mosser-Keck professor of Greek. Ethics” has been pronounced by competent Davis Garber, Pb. D., professor of mathe¬ critics “the best work in the department which America has produced.” matics, astronomy and meteorology, and libra¬ | Rev. William K. Frick, ’70, formerly pro¬ rian. He has been connected with the col¬ fessor in Gustavus Adolphus College, St. lege twenty-three years. I Peter, Minn., an able and enthusiastic stu¬ Rev. Matthias H. Richards, D. D„ professor dent, has turned to the more active duties of of the English language and literature and church work, and is now at the head of a mental and social seience. Dr. Richards has Lutheran mission in Milwaukee, Wis. filled this chair for twenty-four years. The Of the same class is Rev. S. A. Ziegenfuss, degree of doctor of divinity was conferred by the pastor of an old and large Lutheran con¬ Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg, gregation in Philadelphia. For many years ho has been the efficient secretary of the Rev, William Waekernagel, D. D., professor Board of Trustees of Muhlenberg College of German language and literature and history. and ono of her most loyal sons. Genial and He has been with the institution about ten witty, he is as good a companion as he is a years, and was for eleven years a missionary i good Lutheran. iu Palestine. The University of Pennsylva¬ Rev. J. F. Ohl, ’71, Quakertown, Pa., is a nia conferred upon him the degree of doctor recognized authority on bymnology, church of divinity several years ago. music and liturgies in the Lutheran Church Pvev. George F. Spieker, D. D„ Professor of iu America. For many years he has pre¬ Hebrew. Dr. Spieker is pastor of St. Mich¬ pared services for the various festivals of the ael’s Lutheran Church in this city, and is a church year, and his latest work, “The thorough student and ripe scholar. His trans- Parish Hymnal,” has received the unquali¬ jier to the Mount Airy Theological Seminary fied approval of the press and the church. is likely to occur before long, to succeed Dr Rev. John A. Bauman, ’73, formerly of the iSpaetb. He holds his degree from Roanoke Keystone State Normal School and Gustavus College, Virginia. Adolphus College, Bauman, A. M„ Asa Packer j rofessor of the natural and applied sciences. if $ ' ' -

now fills the Asa Professor Edgar Dubs Shimer, PE7 D., now J Packer scientific holds the chair of psychology as applied to ! chair in his alma education in the University of the City of J mater. He is a hard New York. For many years he has been! student, an eloquent connected with the public schools of New preacher and an York, and was largely instrumental in estab- ‘ earnest teacher. lishing the very successful school of peda-! Eev. George H. gogy of the University, the first school in the Gerberding, ’73, now world that placed pedagogy on a level with a Lutheran mission¬ law, medicine and theology. ary at Fargo, North Eev. William A. Passavaut, Jr., ’75, Pitts¬ Dakota, lias been burg, Pa., is the general superintendent of successful as an au¬ home missions of the General Council, and thor through the one of the publishers of “The Workman.” j publication of “The He is a polished speaker, of very pleasing REV. R. F. WEIDNER. Lutheran Plan of address and thoroughly devoted to his work. | Salvation” and “A Volume of Sermons,” Professor George T. Ettinger, Ph. D., ’80, containing a simple but correct exposition of is the successful principal of the academic de¬ the Lutheran creed. partment of Muhlenberg. For nineteen years Hon George F. Kribbs, ’73, is Muhlen¬ he has been connected with the college as berg’s first member of Congress. Upon gradu¬ student and teacher. In 1891. after three ation he became tutor at Muhlenberg, then years’ work in pedagogy and German, the studied law, owned and edited the Clarion University of the City of New York, upon Democrat, and now represents the Clarion, examination, conferred on him the decree of Pa., district in Congress. doctor of philosophy. For several years he Eev. William H.Myers is often styled “the has been the president of the Board of Edu¬ Beading, Pa., Talmage.” He has had won¬ cation of the public schools of Allentown, derful success as a preacher, is a fluent and For the celebration of the quarter centen¬ eloquent speaker and draws audiences that nial of the college extensive preparations overflow his largo and handsome amphi¬ have been made. It will be held in connec¬ theatre church. He is a frequent contributor tion with the regular commencement ex¬ to the New York and Philadelphia press, both ercises. Already quite a number of the secular and religious, and the author of alumni have gathered, and it is believed thatj several volumes of lectures and travels. every class since 1867 will be represented.! Eev. John Nicum, ’73, the pastor of a large German Lutheran congregation in Eocbester, N. Y., is the German secretary of the Gen¬ eral Council, the highest Lutheran body in the United States, and is well known as a statistician and as the German translator of Dr. E. J. Wolf’s “ The Lutherans in America.” Hon. M. C. Henninger, ’74, Allentown, Pa., is a lawyer and a politician. He is a member of the State Senate, a trustee of his alma mater and the author of Pennsylvania poems that eqnal anything that Eev. Henry Har- haugh ever wrote. %

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ORAV I AN^CHU RCM.

B 24

place which had its beginning a tmosT 153 years ago at the hands of Moravi¬ an exiles from the land of “the incom¬ parable Moravian,” John Amos Go- |5oravians menius. .. Many books would have to be writ¬ ten to tell the story of the Moravian of Bethlehem Brethren, the Unitas Fratrum, which was organized by adherents of the doc¬ trines of John Huss, in 1457; -disrupted by the Thirty Years’War, from 1618- BY JOHN V. HOOD 48, and perpetuated by “ a hidden seed “in hope against hope,” until re¬ suscitated in Saxony by refugees from “O little town of Bethlehem, how Moravia in 1722. It was in the year 1742 and “about the time of the short¬ still we see thee lie,” wrote the late est day” that some fourteen Moravian Phillips Brooks as the opening of a pioneers from over the sea selected delightful Christmas carol. It was a site and felled the first timber for. Bethlehem of Judea that he apos¬ the settlement of what was to be trophized, but it would not need much known as Bethlehem. Qn December of a flight of fancy to apply the words 21. 1741, Count Zinzendorf, who for to the little town of Bethlehem in the nineteen years had sheltered oh one State of Pennsylvania. Fifty-four . of his estates in Upper Lusatia a little band of exiles, who for conscience miles from Philadelphia, and at the sake had forfeited their possessions, confluence of two rivers, the Monocacy arrived with a few traveling compan¬ and the Lehigh, Bethlehem is to-day ions at the spot in the English col¬ a thriving borough, with industries onies of the Western world where this that have their influence not only on little band of brethren had been the Commonwealth, but on the whole formed. The Sunday following was Christmas Eve. Between 9 and 10 country, and with a location which o’clock of that night, after the Lord’s gives to it many prominent and pic¬ Supper had been celebrated and the turesque features. But outside of its Vigils of the festival of the Nativity ■; industrial, educational and commer¬ were ended, jZinzendorf, struck by! cial standing, as also the natural beau¬ the fact that nothing but a slight par¬ ty of its surroundings, Bethlehem is tition separated the humble lodging entitled to. wide recognition as the of the exiles from the stable in which their ca_ _ ___ tne ~ often been misrepresented lines of a German h which may _ _ iiStinctlve characteristics ex¬ be thus paraphrased: _ aggerated. To-day it has as much vitality as it possessed a century Not Jerusalem, lowly Bethlehem— 'Twas that gave us Christ to save us. ago; it is still as aggressive in the work of evangelization, its members have The coincidence wonderfully im¬ still as high purposes, and its inherent pressed all who were present, and principle of growth has not been from that twenty-fourth day of De¬ dwarfed by the springing into being cember, 1741, the place, by common of numerous other aggressive moral consent, was called Bethlehem. It is needless to follow In detail the and educational forces. It3 laws and fortunes of these exiles, the natural regulations have been brought into growth of their colony, the accessions harmony with the spirit of the times, which it.received from various coun¬ while retaining the individuality tries of Europe; how each year after which first marked them; if has its Its foundation Bethlehem became a parochial schools, its seminaries and home for those Moravians who might its theological colleges, and there is be banished by persecution or prompt- j scarcely any phase of Christian work ed by love of religious liberty to leave or endeavor which it does not seek their native lands; how from it mis¬ j to foster. So far as this goes, then, sionaries went out among the Indians, ! it may be argued that it does not dif¬ and how It was a centre of evange¬ fer from the other denominations which make up the Christian world. listic activity among Tie immigrant! But behind all that has been spoken settlers. To secure means for this of there is an indefinable something, work and for the development of the a blending of the new and the old, settlement a general system of house¬ which lend a picturesqueness and a keeping was instituted.: While all the charm to this quiet and unobtrusive members retained theii private prop¬ body. Just as ki some great Euro¬ erty, no one worked for himself or car¬ pean city, with its busy thorough¬ ried on a business of j his own. All fares,its marts of trade and commerce, voluntarily contributed' their time and its parks and music halls and theatres’ labor to the Church In whatever ca¬ the visitor suddenly comes upon a pacity they might be employed, and quadrangle of buildings, gray with in return received the pecessaries of moss and lichen, redolent of a past life. The system flourished. The that has long vanished and lives only Church bought or built Its own ships, in the pages of history, andToreathihg manned them with its own masters the very spirit of an age the condi¬ and crews, and brought from the Old tions of which are known only to the World hundreds of 'young married peo¬ student, so, except in a jpfcialler de¬ ple, skilled in the trades or learned in cree, is it with Bethlehem. The the professions; and so Bethlehem be¬ mountains are round it as they were came the central point bf an "Econ¬ of old, and its rivers still run to the omy,” which supported all its inhabi¬ ?ea. But the shriek of the locomotive tants, established congregations else¬ is heard and not the war cry of the In¬ where in the colonies, and sent mis¬ dian; newer and greater activities are sionaries to the Indians and to the at work, hammers are striking and negroes in the South. forges blazing and huge cannon being But “the old order changeth, giving cast and armor plates molded. But place to the new.” The population in¬ step a little way aside from all this creased and the settlements around rnythmic beating and throbbing, this became firmly established, and so laboring strife and turmoil, and you the system of general housekeeping come upon spots that carry you in was abandoned |n 1762, and in its thought to the olden days of an old place new rules and regulations were world. Here there are rest and quiet adopted. Persons who were not mem¬ and peace. You look on gray stone bers of the Church could reside perma¬ buildings, with peaked roofs and nently in the village, but only mem¬ quaintly shaped and latticed windows, bers of the congregation could own property or transact business. The and as you enter and walk through their halls, each footfall seems to new code intimately united ecclesias¬ tical affairs and municipal concerns, wake an echo of the past, and those corridors are peopled with men and and for eighty-twTo years the congre¬ gation and the town were essentially women whom you know are naught one institution. The American Com¬ but shadows, and yet who somehow monwealth, however, passed through seem to have substance and personal¬ its formative stage and it began to ity. Even the living, sentient beings dawn upon the leaders in the settle¬ whom you meet there, speaking as ment that the utility of the exclusive you speak, and clad in the robes that policy was approaching its limits and you wear, take on an unfamiliar sem¬ that the system must be abandoned. blance, and you go back a hundred So in March, 1845, the borough of years to strange scenes, to lands of Bethlehem was created, its bufgess, which you know but little. It is a Council and other officials were elect¬ world within a world, that seems as ed, they assumed charge of all the if it had never been subject to decay, common concerns of the citizens, and but preserved by some mysterious the town was thrown open to the pub¬ process, and still retaining its life and color. lic without restrictions of any kind. So it exists to-day. We are apt sometimes to think that This brief sketch of the founding there is no room to-day for the old- and development of the Moravian fashioned, that it cannot exist in this Church in North America is necessary fin de siecle blaze which has changed to a proper understanding of a relig¬ the hue of all things, developed deeper ious organization around which so thought and newer' forces, sent the much romance cloisters, the polity of great world spinning at lightning _ speed down the ' ringing grooves or part of their rellgio change, made everything around us i with which they also delight cit: utilitarian and practical, and left no on other occasions. The early set room for the old and the picturesque. who planted themselves in what And yet here are people with every then a wilderness brought with them characteristic of their ancestors of a from the Fatherland that love for century and a half ago. The men and music which is so characteristic of women who crossed the ocean then I the German people. Their old hymns transferred their allegiance only from and chorals soothed their loneliness, one ruler to another. When the revo- | they carried with them, too, to’ their_ lution came they imbibed the spirit ! r,. . home wind and string lnsliu-^.. of liberty and did their share in found¬ ments, and what were lacking of these ing a republic. But neither changed to form a complete orchestra were political conditions, nor racial blend- j made by skilled instrument makers ing, nor the infusion of alien blood . In the community. Many of the vocal could destroy their affection and their and instrumental compositions which yearning for the traits and the ways [ they played on festival days, or on of their forefathers in old and far- K the birthday anniversary of one of] away lands. The hymns that they! their number, had either been brought; sung in Saxony and Moravia are with from Europe by them or were the them still, the old legends still at-; • work Of some humble and unknown tract them and the old proverbs are i composer in the settlement. In the utilized by them. They have drunk days of the economic system of- Beth¬ from the cup of freedom, they have lehem the sexes were separated from welcomed the new light and the new each other in church, and so there! order, and yet the old things have a were generally two choirs, one male place deep down in their hearts and and the other female. Some pieces their simple pleasures and humble du¬ wfere sung entirely by the men, others ties are tinged by them, .making the By the women, and on rare occasions one easier to be borne and the other they sang together. Ill the male choirs I followed with greater enjoyment. All boys often sang the soprano and alto this even those people who have no parts. A choral society which was sense of anything save what the day formed secured the score of Haydn’s brings around, and who think that! oratorio “The Creation,” and per¬ fcach one should be in harmony with! formed part of it at a concert in every forward step of so-called prog-; Bethlehem in the year 1811, that be¬ ress, may count an anomaly, and yet ing the first time it was sung in this who shall say that if It did not exist the country. It was afterwards sung in world would be better and happier? complete form in Philadelphia in 1819 Much that has been told of the under the direction of Mr. Hupfeldt, Moravians is fanciful and exaggerat¬ that being the first occasion of its ed. Even writers who could have complete presentation in the United learned the facts regarding them as States. The score was loaned by the easily as they could those of any Bethlehem society, several of its sing¬ events in American history, have ers assisted in the production and the fallen into grave errors concerning only trombone players who couid be them. Many people doubtless remem¬ had came from that town. The trom¬ ber Longfellow’s “Hymn of the Mo¬ bone had been brought into the colony ravian Nuns at Bethlehem at the . in 1754, and it is also said that the I Consecration of Pulaski’s Banner." It ■[ Moravians were the first to introduce is fuTTbUcoior, it is a "picture mat nas i the oboe to Americans. It is almost a touch of art about it, but the poet j marvelous to read the names of some himself afterwards admitted that he j of the classical work3 which have been had no foundation on which to build j presented by the choral societies of the structure, and that the idea (for Bethlehem. Amongst them are Schil¬ the Moravian women did work a ban- i ler's “Song of the Bell,” with Rom¬ ner for Pulaski) was one which sim- berg’s musical setting for voices and ply appealed to his fancy. It may, 1 orchestra, for "he first time in this therefore, be relegated to the domain country; “The Seven Sleepers,” by Dr. of imagination from which sprung Lowe, also for the first time in Amer¬ that famous poem of Browning’s, ica; Schumann’s “Paradise and the “How They Brought the Good News Peri,” Rossini’s “Stabat Mater,” From Ghent.” Here is the opening Spohr’s “Last Judgment,” Haydn’s verse of Longfellow'’s poem: “The Seasons,” its first rendition in When the dying- flame of day ; this country; Bach’s “Christmas Ora¬ Through the chancel shot its rayj torio/1' "The Messiah,” “Elijah,"; Far the glimmering tapers shed ; Faint light on the cowled head, ■! Bach’s “Passion,” according to St. And the censer, burning swung. Matthew, and “Passion,” according to Where before the altar hung St. John. It may be added that while The crimson banner, that with prayer Had been consecrated there; portions of the latter have been sung And the nuns’ sweet hymn was heard the in Boston, its only complete rendition while, in the United States to far has been Sing low in the dim mysterious aisle. j that at Bethlehem. Nor is it simply Surroundings such as these and be- j the members of the choral so defies longing to some vast and dim cathe¬ who are acquainted with the works dral could never have been seen or of the great composers. Go into the heard in a Moravian church, nor Moravian church on the day before does any such solemn and majestic Easter and take part in what is ritual belong to the worship of the called “The Great Sabb&th Love brethren. But there is one thing for Feast,” and you will hear the service , which the Moravians have always closed by the congregation singing bv in famous, and that is for the chor-M ! that tx-iumphant choral front “The al\ Vid instrumental mu-sjc which forms j Last Judgment.” 27

---hy the Lamb once slain, fjiu0' ?r, being its editor. For evermore to reign. Although he wrote a number of the hymns which it contained, many of There is no hesitancy about the at¬ them were translations of the ancient tack. It swells up rich and full and Latin hymns. tree from the lips of over a thou¬ It has been said that there are no sand worshippers, to whom it is as fa¬ love lyrics like those which wrere writ¬ miliar as are the strains of “Old Hun¬ dred.” ten by the poets of the Elizabethan era. And so it may be said of the As early as 1743 orchestral music hymns of Christendom that none can | accompanied the singing' in church,the equal those of the early days of the instruments being violins, flutes and Church. They are not, as is too often French horns, to which there were subsequently added oboes, trumpets unfortunately the case with modern and trombones. Some of the immi¬ hymns, the expression of some indi¬ grants brought with them the first vidual emotion that has been stirred I copies of Haydn's symphonies and into life by a personal experience string quartettes, and amongst the which may not fall to the lot oE others other composers whose works have than the writer. They are the voice from time to time been produced are of the great human heart, ofr its yearn¬ to be found Pleyel, Mozart, Mendels¬ ings, Its longings and aspirations; sohn, Beethoven, C. M. Von Webei4, they tun over the whole gamut of the Auber, Flotow, Gade and Ries. feelings that belong to our common It may be said that music has al¬ humanity, and every chord thrills and ways been an integral part of the life vibrates to their touch. and religion of the Moravians. It has The Moravians were quick to rec- j gone with them everywhere. After °|j™ze this fact, and to realize the I the shoemaker had risen from his effect that such lyrics would have bench and supped, he would take up upon people whose spiritual strength his clarionet, or horn, or violin and and fervor were being tested by hu¬ play far into the night. Young men miliation, oppression and suffering; and women would gather together on and there is no telling what an influ¬ summer evenings and pulling their ence these hymns had on ostracised skiffs up the river make the air so mu¬ and exiled communities. The first sical that the hills sent back rich Moravian hymn book published in the echoes. Instead of the passing bell United States came from the press announcing the death of some mem¬ r ,9?2rad Zentler, in Philadelphia, ber of the community, the trombone in J-olo. players climbed to the belfry of the There are certain times of the year church and played a solemn dirge. when the distinctive features of the Their deep notes sounded too through Moravian Church, musical and litur- the old graveyard when the body was jgical, stand out in bold relief and as being laid to rest, and there was not a clear cut a,s an intaglio. Easter, the I sad or a joyous event in the quiet and queen of all festivals, is pre-eminently j uneventful life of the people that was :one of these, and a journey to Bethle- I not marked by strains of either sor¬ hem at that time and the impres- row or gladness. In the early days of I-S1?J}S .which are formed by contact the community the tenets of the Ger¬ With the people will live long fn the man school of music prevailed, but memory. All through the Holy Pas¬ after a while those of the Italian sion week, as^it is termed, there are school crept in, although in the church solemn services, beginning on the eve services, the ancient hymns and chor¬ or Falni Sunday and continuing until als are still retained. They are full Easter Eve. Especially interesting are of exquisite tone combinations and are those which begin with Maundy Thurs- mostly written in plaintive minor keys day, when the conflrmants receive which give them a wonderful softness their first communion, followed on and beauty. It has already been said Good Friday by services which cor¬ that many of the compositions sung respond somewhat to the "Tenebrae” in the church services are the produc¬ In the Roman Catholic and the “three tion of members of the community. hours'_devotion” in some of the Epis¬ In the organ loft of the church the copal Churches, culminating on Satur¬ present organist, J. Fred Wolle, has day with the love feast and vigils. j stored away a large manuscript col¬ At the love feast nearly the whole! lection of these compositions, some time Is devoted to the singing of bearing date as far back as 1782. They hymns by the congregation and one or %re carefully guarded, for once lost two anthems by the choir. The hymns they could never be replaced. How a are alternately English and German , musician would revel in the study of and there Is a sorrowful note through these productions of “mute inglorious” it6 t2msIc wJich ls fitting both composers? They are modeled after to the theme and to the day that is* j the work of claJfcal schools, are sim- commemorated. At a certain1 ! pie in form an^dapted to the ma- stage the male and female sacristans i terial available when they were to be pass quietly from pew to pew offer- given voice and utterance, but many lng to each person present a bun °f them have a vigor and breadth and a stone mug filled with most de¬ which would entitle them to a meed of licious ^ coffee, which has been pre¬ praise from all lovers of melody and harmony. pared by their own hands. Such a custom might, at first thought, be sup¬ The Moravians were the first of all I posed to seem strange to a visitor and the Protestant churches of Europe to ! Puonsn a nymnal. It was printed m to be out of keeping with the char- the Bohemian language, at Jung- s.ervice; it does not bungzlau, Bohemia, in 1505, Bishop so affect strangers. It is an integral part of the whole; it recalls the .-a?aPe> or Jove feast of the earlv , ■ v .; 1 ■ oi ,11 \V 'TfPTP.'' 1 u. .. ,■ mi.,,. .... ■ ~ | Aroun'd Jyou art — - nristlans, and haS- about ft' as much whose misty tops jocund of a solemnity and impressiveness as ing; "the tearful glimmer if it were some high office that was guid dawn” is seen on the peaceful being chanted in a splendid cathedral river beneath; above, the blue sky blazing with lights, rich with the fra¬ arches and bends, the birds are twit¬ grance of incense and filled with the tering their matin hymn, and hark! grand harmonies of the masters of the great concourse of people standing song. The voices of old and young around sing “The graves of all His rise and fall in solemn cadence, the Saints Christ blest,” the deep bass ac¬ organ sends out soft and plaintive companiment of the trombones rolling strains, the busy world Is for the time like thunder and floating away to the being shut out from eye and ear, crit¬ encircling hills. icism is disarmed, you feel nothing The cemetery is not divided into lots but the influence of the hour, and even In which the members of one family those who may have been atti acted rest, nor does the white of marble by mere curiosity, and who cannot shafts and monuments or sculptured comprehend what a significance the angels gleam in- the sunlight. There occasion has to these devout woiish p Is a grave for each person who died— ners are almost led to say it is good that is all. A grassy mound marks for us to be here.” Then evening 1 the spot, and set in the centre is a comes and brings with it the Easter small stone slab on which are roughly vigils, at which again the music dom¬ carved the name of the sleeper, age inates everything. The opening and date of death, without eulogy or hymn ‘‘So ruht dein Todeskummer text or verse. Another hymn, a glo¬ a composition of Naumann s, is sung ria and a benediction, and the grave- by Xe choir. First the sopranos and yforrdt^e°il8^i?sniThl?1R^eb^rif}tfe^ altos take up. the strain, many resting places. . . , tenors and basses, this antiphonal fea There is another service in th® ture being retained through the hymn church in the forenoon, again full of until the end is reached, and. the^full music. It opens with “Unfold ye Por¬ choir, organ and string orchestra close, tals Everlasting,” from Gounod’s “Re¬ with a chorale. In all the hymns demption,” with enlarged choir, organ there is a dreamy spiritual beauty and full orchestra, the obligato of and a wealth of symbol, and as the j ! trumpets being given with strong and I service ends with a solemn ascription, stirring effect. , At the offertory Miss m chanted by all, the vast congregation Lucy Brickenstein sings “I know that passes silently out of chu™fi a™]1 my Redeemer liveth” in a soprano seeks a'short rest as a preparation for voice of wide range, delicate and yet the Easter festival. strong in texture, and with excellent Easter morning has not yet toned. modulation and expression, and the The clock has struck three. and you service ended with that greatest of all are lying on your bed m a half-waking, choruses, “Hallelujah,” from the Mes¬ half-dreaming state, when from with¬ siah. out sounds a brazen blare of music. A visit to Bethlehem would be in¬ Instinctively the mind wanders back complete without the stranger seeing ’v ■ to the Christmas “waits” of England, the sisters’ and the widows’ houses. the musicians who were wont to go j These are homes in every sense of the through the streets of towns and cit¬ term and not almshouses. The in¬ ies in the early morning of the mates contribute something to th® feast of the Nativity, and fill . the general fund of the church, or, per¬ frosty air with strains from violin, haps, some one has died and be¬ bass viol and clarionet. You rise and queathed a legacy towards the sup¬ i look out of your window. You see port of an inmate. But there is no torches glowing and four men playing feeling of dependence on the one hand on trombones a welcome to Easter. or of granting a favor on the other. From street to street they go, stopping And such quiet and peaceful homes! at assigned places and waking the The aged women who are there hava townspeople with their music, which two or three or four rooms, as tha at last dies away in the distance like case may be. Enter one of these and “the horns of elfland faintly blowing. everything is subdued and restful. You dress hurriedly and reach the The sunlight comes through little church to talie part in the service at window panes, and all on which it falls 5 o’clock. The building is already has a quaint air. In one corner stands crowded. Thfe pulpit steps and plat¬ an old clock, which, to use Longfel¬ form are a miss of color which comes low’s simile, “beats like the heart of from palms, Easter lilies, tulips and time.”Hvnc 1 ’ TnIn anotheranA + Vini' iais ao closet withf ! azaleas, whilt} asparagus vines hang some few pieces of rare old china; gracefully friom the' arched recess books are on a table. There is a over the pulpit, the whole making a chest of drawers which no maker of picture of beauty. The bell m the “antiques” could imitate, and there tower ends iti summons, and organ, are pictures on the walls, potraits of

instruments, choir and congregation ancestors, and prints and engravings ■ send forth the] anthem: “The Lord is which have descended' as heirlooms. rfsen indeed." That ended, the peo¬ In one of these homes there were ple declare their faith, hymns are hung three colored prints, illustrating sung, and the vast assembly files events in the career of Tippoo Saib, lout to close the service at the old who was such a formidable foe of th® graveyard, thel “God’s acre, in which English in the early days of their so many of the young and old have East Indian rule. An inscription on. long slumbered- It stands near the them tells us that they were dedicat¬ church. You took through vistas of ed to “his Gracious Majesty Georg® trees on longjstretches of graves. the Third.” What a story they could ten One'oia , death m the school andlt struck a heavy ft? Society h°^iiy*°neuyears- Thfnk^o# blow on the_ hearts v-of. her teacherswauuorB anaand I some ar'Im6 les’ wbo find life weari- mends,. with whom she was a great balls »nrtWen y’one' and who tire of l cans and assemblies and germana favorite.” j In the diary are found the names of ofoer girls of note who attended the the list of hor ^en s^? goes through I seminary many years ago. Among “and6I aaWth’ ^din^wUh^^smlre® these were Antoinette, Caroline and Jvisitor1 Tin£s\r?he°™^; fig.** Henrietta Girard, nieces of Stephen a poem of the saintly Henry Vaughan Girard, of Philadelphia. From Vir gmia a niece of George Washington, : An7iaM^r1UUUhehe^fld °r «***■ Jns. Thomas Lee, on her advice, ap¬ J°irom room to room we go everv- plied for the admission of her daughter, smile bveLWU,h a- ^lcornge 'and ya ^ eaner Lee, m June of the year 1756. lightfulb nftht!,£heeriest and most de- farewells f talk and the ™™est of So„7hnear,S later Eliza Sumter’ from South Carolina, was received. She was the granddaughter of Gen. Thomas Sum¬ SfES^SiS ter, a prominent actor in the revolution. On the roll also are the names of girl pupils who became the wives of famous )?F=sS%;pi men, such as Governor Joseph Trum¬ I tired worker, longing for lesT 2n bull, of Connecticut, and Governor Win ihe reads this will yearn for just such A. Newell, of New Jersey; Admiral once6 of6qldnC“t tnd Say as men d d David Porter, Commodore Jsaac Hull lehenx » Xet US now t0 Beth- Guillaume D’Aubigne, the brother of the distinguished historian; Hon. Fernando Sllf—SHI Wood, and others. The daughters of General CarlSchurz, acH'iSEiS-s General von Steinwehr and General JhermmwIfennig Wei6 al8° Vacated here. Emma Thursby, the famous singer, was also a pupil. H/ V )ffisssr* t r r-r-, > j rrrS--W3% ana . n,”h

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j THE GRAVE OF ETHAN ALLEN’S NIECE. THE FOURTH GENERATION. It Stands In the Old Moravian Cemetery and K«v. *„i„ w. humi Aoont( Recalls the Record of a Famous School. QMU1U OT rflfl A h1 nr In the old cemetery back of the Mora¬ of His Aneestral Church. Special Despatch to “The Press ” vian Church, at Bethlehem, may be Allentown Au°- is rfss' found a grave marked with a small Helffrich was to-dav'Tfif;, fevin W. tor of the siP0.„r <^ay mstalled as pag¬ marble slab bearing this inscription: mm&Ms ed Church cmrmC^aJffe 0f the Ref°rm- j “Anna Allen, daughter of Levi and Ann tions of Siegel P°TS!h- °J the conSrega (Alien, born Dec. 6, 1780, in St. John’s, Long Swamp Wrirtiiif11 and Alburtis, Canada, a pupil of the boarding school. Hundred! “ame from fo? ani Tripoli- gregations directly fotere t Taiious con- Departed this life May 22, 1795.” dreds more came ‘”teresffd while hun- Anna Allen was the niece of Ethan many other points fo Lehtaif*1*0^ and Countv Thp ii ,i Lehigh and Berks Allen, the valant leader of the Green Mountain Boys in their successful at¬ livered by hRe ” Dr& m n^ferm°n was de‘ of Bloomfngdale Ret ^adIs°n c- Peters, tack on Fort Ticonderoga in 1775.' In the York Htv faale Reformed Church, New diary carefully kept since the founding of this seminary, 116 years ago, it is : stated that “Miss Allen’s was the tirst

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the^westT-they took possession of the as covering a period of 125 years, best situated lands along the sides of john' Henry Helffrich the fi«t Pastof the mouiitains. Some years later the came from Mossb&ch n Hfse nea^ Lutherans followed, and looked Frankfort-on-the-M&ift, in 1772’ , g homes farther up the valley. But as voyage of four months and eight days ■Re located in Wessenburg, where he the land was without woods they chose such tracts as contained at least good foo» Sre. .1 * »»«"»> S' yS; tions. Other charges were added ye*r water, as well as the slopes of the Le¬ high Mountains and of the Schloss- 5f tyheeAcen?uerydiehde4 st?ic|en with palsy berg, which swelled out into the limi s of the congregation. &&*£££&&%son, John, thei next y fa william A. Spring Creek, at Trexlertown, at¬ who died in 1SW. ■ttev- . „Prv? the Helffrich was. the next to s abQuttha tracted the Trexler family, the pioneer family of the Lehigh Church. The an¬ yeargago^TheeiaPsf named was one of cestor was Jeremias Trexler, who ap¬ thef greatest pulpit fact thlt parently settled in a quite isolated sec- tion at the sources of Spring Cieek in about 1720. In 1733 the first road was laid through Upper Milford, from. Gosh- enhoppen to Trexlertown. The principal settlements, however, took place about 1735 Along the banks of the L.ttle Le¬ high, which has . its origin in Long- |£s SaSiwag swamp Township and flows through the middle of the Lehigh Church s lands, the new arrivals settled down, the creek, which starts behind the Schlossberg, furnishing beautiful sites | for their homes. Others selected the 1 slopes of the Lehigh Mountain,. and even the high sides of it, as an abiding place. The first immigrants came principally from Wurtemberg. The Lutheran congregation was or¬ j ganized about the year 1745. The im¬ migrants early provided themselves i with a suitable piece of ground, lying in the middle of the settlement, which r , e .<■ ^a4Set 1 they withheld from their successors j and devoted to church and school pur- | poses. When it was taken it .was still N OLD,J OLD CHURCH i called vacant land. Upon their taking steps to build a church Matthias Eigner and Michael Knappenberger were des¬ It Has Been Aging Now for a Hun¬ ignated a committee to take possession of the land and obtain a legal title to it. dred and Fifty Years. This was done in Philadelphia on Feb. 23, 1749- The first church was built di¬ rectly after the purchase of the land, AND WILL CELEBRATE ITS BIRTHDAY and in 1750 was dedicated by the Rev. Philipp Heinrich Rapp, who had resid¬ ed with the congregation before build¬ ing was commenced, and was the prin¬ Lehigh Church Has Had an Interesting cipal promoter of the movement. History—It Was Designed for The church was founded, built and dedicated entirely as a Lutheran one. Lutherans Only But Became ■It was a simple log structure, and stood a Union Church Later. . in the northeastern corner of the __ churchyard. At the same time a school f I house was built, which was soon en¬ The sesqui-centennial anniversary of larged, and in the course of time was the Lehigh Church, near Alburtis, will used both as a school house and par¬ be celebrated on Sunday. There will sonage. be services in the morning, afternoon The church record contains /1 names of catechumens for the year of 1774, 38 and evening. A large number of emi¬ nent divines will be there, with Rev. Dr. for 1776, 49 for 1779, 45 for 1781, 55 for A. R. Horne and Rev. Nevin W. 1783, 66 for 1785, 91 for 1793, and 94 for the Helffrich, the Lutheran and Reformed year 1799. These names show that among these were children belonging pastors respectively. to other congregations who were, how¬ Lehigh Church has a very interesting history. When the first Reformed im¬ ever, all confirmed by Rev. Mr. Bus- migrants arrived in Lengswamp Town¬ kirk! at the Lehigh Church. A con¬ sistory is first mentioned upon the | ship three or four miles farther towards 31 m jlOTivor South Bethlehem Star: .- -° have b^en composed of [ Sir—An account of the anniversary l'esti- die following- persons: Martin Bog-er -mon Haein. elders, an-d Jacob Her¬ j val of the Moravian church at Emaus,which mann, Heinrich Bigner, Daniel | appeared in the Star on June 26 and in The l^cnmeier, Heinrich Wetzel, deacons. j Public Ledger of Philadelphia on the 27th |The second church was constructed in iust., repeats several errors which found 1/85, and was dedicated the same year their way into print in connection with by the local pastor, Rev. Jacob Bus- notices of a like celebration of that church Ikirk and Johann Ernst, of Brunswick last year. The most striking of these is the |N. J. It was built of stone, and was statement that “the little Emaus school made unusually strong and massive, lhe ground floor was laid -with brick formed the nucleus of what is now the upon which sand was then spread, and Moravian seminary at Bethlehem.” Many for days horses were driven over it so persons are interested in such published as to make it hard and firm. bits of local and neighborhood history, and The congregation resolved in the year they are often used again by writers who 1845, to repair the church. Its walls have no means of ascertaining their accu¬ stood as firm and strong as on the first racy. Therefore it is to be regretted when day. The interior only was torn out the floor relaid, the pulpit and the organ errors are perpetuated. A few statements Placed against the shorter walls and in addition to those required to correct the ■ everything finished in modern style. On points referred to may perhaps interest Aug. 26, 1843, the congregation entered some of your readers and make the genesis into an agreement with the adherents of Emaus and the earliest school work in I of the Reformed belief who had settled and about Bethlehem clearer to the minds more and more within the limits of the of many. parish, that they should hold the The writer was once asked whether church building in common with the Lutherans, and have equal right and Emaus was an Indian name. Perhaps the title to the church land with them The people of that good old town deserve no church was dedicated as a Union better than this, since they persist in spell¬ Church. In the following year upon ing and pronouncing it as they do. It Whit Sunday the organ, which had should, of course, be Emmaus; (Luke xxiv, been repaired, was also dedicated. 13.) The present orthography doubtless Oct. 6 and 6, 1850. the centennial anni¬ arose out of the old German fashion of in¬ versary of the church was celebrated. dicating the repetition of a letter by a dash The old stone church did service until over it. 1894 when it was replaced by the pres¬ ent handsome edifice, whose dedication This name was formally adopted April 3, took place about a year ago. 1761, when the present village was laid out and the church establishment reorganized on 102 acres of land presented in 1758 by Jacob Ehrenkardt and Sebastiau Knauss, two of the original members and the first E| From, xy/(ci.Aj two stewards of the church. The associa¬ tions of this old Bible name, as thus given the settlement, are set forth in some quaint German verses, written for the occasion by Bishop Spangenberg, read at the lovefeast on that day and now preserved with the I: Bate, V /0 records. Before that the congregation and the so¬ ciety like the whole neighborhood were *JL4Aaj; called Maguntsche, modernized Macungie, from the Indian name of the region drained LOCALLY HISTORICAL by the little Lehigh and its tributarees, Mackk-unschi, i. e., the feeding place of boars. In some old documents prior to 1735 “A Moravian” Tells in Vivid Words we find the name spelled Macaunsie and Macquenusie. After 1752, when Salzburg or of the Long Ago. Salisbury township was erected, Moravian records frequently use this name with the THE RECORD OF EIAUS CHURCH other for the mission and school and neigh¬ borhood. Count Zinzendorf did not visit the place Thrilling Account ol the Flight of in 1741, as erroneously stated. During his the Moraylans Before the Indians first tour in the Indian country he tarried In the Days Before the from July 29 to Aug. 1,1742, at the house of Revolution. John Adam Schaus, a miller, who later be- -- — - - ...... - - '■ ' ''ii 32

names parish house and clergy house. Such a building was the parochial centre. A pic¬ came a Moravian. In 1745 he conducted the ture of this historic house is preserved in ferry across the Lehigh after keeping a the Moravian archives. primitive tavern for a season on the Yssel- Now for the school. Here as everywhere steiu plantation on the south side of the * proper attention to the wants of the river jjrior to the erection of the famous children was an essential part of the plan. Crown inn; he subsequently ran the Beth¬ The Maguntsche school was a boys scuool lehem mill, eventually located at the new from the beginning. First it was earned county seat, Easton, where again he and B on as a day school and in 1751, when the after him Frederick, hi3 son, kept a public mixed school at Oley was closed, the boys house. The count did not, as it seems, in it were transferred to Maguntsche and preach during that brief stay with Schaus, this school was carried on as a boaidmg (now Shouse,) in Maguntsche, but in that school until Aug. 27, 1753, when it was place of retirement rested and wrote let¬ closed and the fourteen Moravian boys in it ters. From there he sent a greeting to were brought over to Bethlehem, the other Bethlehem in the shape of some character¬ boys having been sent home to their istic stanzas yet extant. He visited the parents. The main reason for closing ^, neighborhood again in December, 1<43, and as also the school at ’.Oley, opened 1745 and I then on the second of that month he that at Frederickstown, opened 1745 and, preached the famous sermon on Matt, vii, closed 1750, and others, was the great cost \ l 14, at the house of Henry Bitter who re¬ of maintaining them at a distance from sided on Trout creek about six miles south Bethlehem, the base of supply and centre by west from Bethlehem. This cannot be of operations. The people about the country called “the first sermon delivered in that who availed themselves of them were, as a section.” rale, able to contribute very little towards, July 15,1743, a plan of itinerant preach- maintaining them and the church at that, iug was formed at Bethlehem, and Gottlieb period, was sorely pressed for means to Pezold, the Moravian pioneer of Ma¬ carry on its work. Those fourteen boys, guntsche, was assigned to that district. He from Maguntsche were brought to Bethle preached the first time July 25,1742, at the hem in two wagons by Matthew Scbrofimj : house of Sebastian Knauss. There is rea¬ the steward of the settlement, were met at) son moreover to believe that the Bev. John the fiverhahk by John Michael Graff, then Philip Boehm, the rugged old pioneer of at the head of the school work with the the Beformed church “in the back town¬ large boys’ school of Bethlehem, and es¬ ships,” with whom Count Ziuzendorf had corted to the single Brethren’s house, the some sharp words in Philadelphia, had historic middle building of the present ' preached in that neighborhood once prior to Young Ladies’ seminary, where they were 1741. Dec. 29, 1743, five men who have given a room. This is the only connection been called “the fathers of Emrnaus,” were, between that school and the seminary at with seventeen other people, received into Bethlehem. The antecedents of this semi¬ the communion of the Moravian church in nary were quite different. a service at Bethlehem. They were Conrad May 4, 1742, a school for girls was opened Wezel, Sebastian Knauss, Samuel Eberhard in Germantown, in the Ashmead house, oc¬ Kopp (Cope), Jacob Ehrenhardt and Franz cupied by Count Ziuzendorf. It was in Blum. Not long after that the wives of the charge of his daughter, the Couutess first four were admitted as also Philip Benigna, assisted by Magdalena Muller, Kratzer, Jacob Herrman and Henry Guth. tc-L Anna Desmond, Anton Seiffert, John Wil¬ These constituted the original nucleus of lliest) buustituuou -— • liam Zander and George Neisssr. June 28, the Maguntsche and Salzburg society -which 1743, it was removed to Bethlehem. In 1743 was regularly organized on J uly 30, 171747, at it was developed in plan and March 28, Bethlehem. 1745, was transferred to the Whitefield Other early settlers of the neighborhood house on the barony of Nazareth. Sept. 21, whose names appear on this latter occasion 1746, a second school for girls was opened in were Joseph Graff, Peter Graff, John Germantown in the house of John Bechtel. Knauss, Jacob Loescher, John Koehler, Jan. 5, 1749, a school exclusively for Mo¬ Martin Bamberger, John Landes, Jacob ravian girls was opened in what is now Boerstler, Anton Albright,' George Hart¬ generally styled the Bell house in Bethle¬ man, Tobias Wober, Peter Hoffman, Budy hem. In May, 1749, the second German¬ Oberly and Frederick Rauschenberger. town school was discontinued for the rea¬ Oct. 1,1747, Bishop Cammerhoff dedica¬ sons above stated, and in June following ted the large log building which they erec¬ the girls of the Nazareth school were ted to serve the joint purpose of church, brought down to Bethlehem. Thus the parsonage and school house, after the man¬ whole was concentrated. ner of those days, and called by the name Oct. 2, 1785, the Bethlehem school was re- then in vogue a “gemeinhaus.” This name originally signified the same thing as the organized as a boarding school for girls, | | nursery and the girls’ school at Nazareth, open again to the general public. April 12, I had a dream in the night of Nov. 30, as he 1'91, it moved into its second building, tells us in his autobiography. “It was mid¬ j which stood where the Moravian Parochial winter and lo! his bees wero swarming.” school building now stands, and Nov. 10, Next day the interpretation came iu an I ifc i-coh possession of the Brethren’s order to instantly remove to Bethlehem ! house, which historic pile, with its modern with his precious charge. Down they came, accretions of brick and mortar to the “infants,” girls, teachers and attendants, !| right and the left and the rear, it yet occu¬ ninety-three souls iu all, in five large pies. wagons, leaving the Whitefield house to Now, to return once moro to the boys’ the refugees. The next day several of the school, augmented by the Maguntsche con¬ wagons went across the river to bring in signment in 1753. After several divisions the children of the little Salisbury school, and shiftings it was established at Naza¬ and here, surrounded with staunch stock¬ reth as a boarding school in the imposing ades, guarded by watching men and pray¬ building known as Nazareth hall in June, ing women, the great company of little 1759. In 1779 it sank into decadence, but ones were kept secure until the reign of on Oct. 3, 1785, was, like the girls’ school at terror was over. A Moravian. Bethlehem, reorganized on an enlarged July 28, 1896. plan, and since then has had a continuous existence. Another interesting department of that ; early school work was “the nursery” for From,.. j quite young children of both sexes which, after exisiting a few years at Bethlehem, was removed to the Whifcefield house, at 4.f., Nazareth, Jan. 7, 1749. There it remained until June, 1764, when it ceased. Mean¬ while smaller schools for boys, who for Date, various reasons could not be removed to Nazareth, were maintained at Bethlehem. Out of this, with the school for the youngest girls again carried on separately after the reorganization of the boarding school in 1785, grew the present Moravian Parochial ABOUT HERE IN 1776 school of Bethlehem, which is now the central survival of the earliest school work A Letter from General Hospital among the boys and girls whose parents were residents of Bethlehem. Surgeon Warren. In this connection the first schools of South Bethlehem should not bo forgotten. In a house built by John David Behringer, THE DARI DAYS OF THE REVOLUTION on the south side of the river, a few hun¬ dred yards east of where are now the steps Incidental Mention of the Indepen¬ leading down from the New street bridge, dence Bell—July 7, 1877, the and known as the Behringer house, a board¬ Last of the Sick In Hos¬ ing school for boys from Saucona, was pital Here Left. opened May 25,1747, and maintained until Jan. 10,1749. About the same time another On Dec. 3,1776, the brotherhood were ex¬ school for children of both sexes cited by the arrival of Dr. Cornelius Bald¬ was opened in Salisbury township win, of the New Jersey line,direct from the nearer to Bethlehem than the former Mag- army, who rode up to the clergy house, and untsche school and was conducted a few delivered to Rev. John Ettwein, to whom years as a boarding school for children of he was directed, the following order: people living across the mountain. This “To the committee of the town of Bethle- was in existence at the time of the Indian “hem, or others whom it may concern, “Gentlemen: outbreak referred to in the article which “According to his excel¬ has called forth this rambling survey; that lency General Washington’s orders,the gen¬ was in 1755 not 1758. On the night of Nov. eral hospital of the army is removed to 21,1755,the awful tragedy at Gnadenhuetten Bethlehem, and you will do the greatest on the Mahoni took place. During the fol¬ act of humanity by immediately providing lowing days terror stricken refugees from proper buildings for their reception, the the back country came pouring into the J largest and most capacious will be the most Moravian settlements to seek protection, convenient. I doubt not, gentlemen, but you will act upon this occasion as becomes j John Michael Graff, in charge of the men and Christians. Doctor Baldwin, the later the wife and family of Dr. pieman who waits upon you with this, joined him and were given accomm sent upon the business of providing proper to the end of March, 1777. During their so¬ accommodations for the sick; begging there¬ journ their infant son William Arthur Lee fore that you afford him all possible assist¬ Shippen died, and at the request of the pa¬ ance, I am, gentlemen, rents was buried in the Moravian cemetery. Your most obedient humble servant, John WaRREN, The wife of Dr. Isaac Foster, who had been! Gen’l Hospital Surg’n and P. T. Direct.’ ordered to the New England hospitals, was He also brought a letter from Abraham also provided with a room. Berlin, of the Northampton County Com¬ At the vigils of Christmas eve all the doc-; mittee of Safety, addressed to Bishop Na¬ tors not on duty were present, but the thaniel Seidel, requesting that suitable ac¬ pleasures of Christmas day were interrup¬ commodations for the sick be furnished. ted by the arrival of a courier with orders Towards evening Doctors William Shippen for Dr. Shippen and his principal surgeons and Warren arrived and made arrange¬ to report at once to the army of Washing-1 ments with Rev. Mr. Ettwein for the re¬ ton, who was moving to the surprise of the ception of about two hundred and fifty of Hessians at Trenton. the sick. Dr. Shippen stated that all the New Year’s day, 1777, the Rev. Mr. Ett¬ patients at the Morristown hospital had wein visited every inmate of the hospital been ordered to Bethlehem, but since “we and wished them God’s blessing, and on (the Moravians) had shown such a willing¬ Jan. 8 Dr. John Morgan, with a number of ness to provide for them, he would now the surgeons, were ordered to New Eng¬ arrange to quarter the greater number at j land. Easton and Allentown.” On March 14 Dr. Jonathan Potts, who The ensuing two days were days of unrest had been appointed to succeed Dr. Samuel j for the peace-loving Moravians, for the sick Stringer, director of the hospitals of the in charge of thair surgeons commenced to northern department, with his staff of sur- arrive in large numbers and in all manner geons and several wagon loads of medical [ of conveyances. Their sufferings from ex¬ stores, passed through the town en route , posure to the weather and improper trans to Albany; and Dr. James Houston, who, i portation made them pitiable objects to be¬ Mr. Ettwein records, “was the most skill¬ hold, and two died while waiting to be re¬ ful and attentive of the surgeons in the moved from the wagons. When it was hospitals here,” pursuant to orders, sent out learned that they were famishing for the to join the army in the Jerseys. want of food, the benevolent Moravians re¬ The Moravians were made happy when lieved them, for three days elapsed before on March 27 orders were received to trans¬ their supplies arrived. fer the hospital to Philadelphia, and after On Dec. 7 two deaths occurred in the hos¬ the thirty convalescents were dispatched to pital, whereupon it became necessary that the army and the sick removed, the build¬ a burial place should he selected, and the ing was turned over to the cleaners, and in site chosen was on the bluff, on the west a short time the vacated rooms were re oc¬ ! hank of the Monocacy creek, hear the line cupied by the single brethren. of the present Monocacy avenue in West The Rev. Mr. Ettwein, who virtually Bethlehem. In digging the cellars for new acted as chaplain of the hospital, has re¬ buildings in that section of the borough, corded that during the month of December portions of coffins and human hones have^ sixty-two deaths occurred, in a large degree been unearthed, which in recent years have, due to the effects of exposure in removal, been re-interred in the burial lot of the 1 and that by the close of the winter the local post of the Grand Army of the Re¬ number had been increased to 110. Many attentions were extended to the sufferers public. Dr. Shippen writing from Bethlehem to by the single brethren who remained in the Hon. Richard Henry Lee states: house and by members of the congregation, “After much difficulty and expense, I| and the sisters prepared lint and bandages. have removed all the sick to Easton, Bethle¬ Furthermore the Moravian carpenters hem and Allentown; their number is now made the coffins and dug the graves much reduced and all in a good way. I send of those who died, charitable offices, twenty or thirty weekly to join the army. which are not unworthy the remembrance There is no paymaster general near us and of posterity. lam almost out of cash; I must therefore It may also be stated that Colonel Isaac beg the favor of you to procure me $5000 and send them by the hearer Dr. Hailing. Reed, of the Fourth Virginia line, who On Dec. 10 the Rev. Mr. Ettwein com¬ since Dec. 5,1776, was provided with quar¬ menced his visits to the sick in the wards ters at the “Church Store,” formedical in the hospital, speaking words of cheer and treatment, was unable to leave before Sun¬ giving spiritual comfort when needed, a day, June 22,1777 ;that eight single brethren ractice which he continued semi-weekly took turns in carrying him to the ferry over 'ing the ensuing three months. Two days the Lehigh, where a sedan chair and two horses were in waiting, and that two of MORAVIAN HISTORICAL SOCIETY. their number accompained his pbysician,Dr. [' Alexander Skinner, of ‘‘Light Horse Harry “Some Notes on the Erection of the Lee’s Legion,” and Paymaster John Sutton, Moravian Church at Bethlehem,” by of his regiment, to assist in the journey to Robert Rau. Philadelphia, where unfortunately, the How often have not we of the present colonel died, and was buried Aug. 21. Dr. day mused in astonishment at the temer¬ John DufBeld, who had lain sick at William ity of our forefathers, who, at the begin¬ Boehler’s for months, left on July 7, “the ning of this now nearly rounded century, last of the sick attached to the hospital projected and brought to successful com¬ here,” states the chronicler of Bethlehem. pletion this house of worship—massive,

* * * enduring, and as to dimensions far be¬ yond the demand of the time of its con¬ The final occupation of the “Single Breth¬ ception. ren’s House,” as a general hospital, fell be The population of Bethlehem varied tween September 20,1777, and April 15,1778, but little, year by year, from 1780 until and was due to the unsuccessful stand for 1800. The census of the former year the defense of Philadelphia, made by Wash¬ showed a total of 539 inhabitants, that of ington at the Brandywine, and the subse¬ 1800, 516, a loss of 23, which loss is ex¬ quent movements of the British army. Dr. plained by the fact that the settlement of Shippen expostulated against the removal of Hope, N. J., had been effected by draw¬ the wounded to Bethlehem, owing to the ing upon the inhabitants of Bethlehem. The first place for congregational wor¬ distance, as many deaths would be sure to ship, a chapel in the second story of the follow, but the commander-in chief felt that ■ Geinein House, was found too limited in there was no alternative. j size before a decade had passed in the his¬ On the evening of Sept. 13 the news tory of Bethlehem, which fact led to the reached Bethlehem that Washington’s army erection of the second church, now called had been compelled to fall back on Phila¬ the “old chapel,” still used as a house of delphia, and three days later a letter was worship, and which was dedicated on received from David Bittenhouse stating July 10, 1751, having been built in the that all the military stores at French Creek, astonishing short period of three months. The necessity for the erection of a on upwards of seven hundred wagons, had larger church building was evidently been ordered to the town. The church bells under discussion soon after the war of in¬ of Philadelphia, with “Independence bell” dependence, for, in a note on the subject. were also transported to Bethlehem, en Bishop Ettwein states that the matter route to Allentown, and the wagon on had been informally spoken of at which “Independence bell” was loaded the general synod, convened in Herrnhnt broke down on descending the hill in front in 1(89,and that several of the delegates, of the hospital, and had to be unloaded j who, at one time or another, had been in Bethlehem and were acquainted with the while repairs were being made.—The Mo¬ topography of the village, showed interest ravian. in the project to the extent of specifying the exact spot where the American breth¬ ren had better place the structure. The matter was not, however, brought to official consideration until 1802. On Sept. 1 of that year a church council was convened, and it was unanimously re¬ solved that a new church be built. As to the choice of the sile thereof, there were three propositions: 1. The so called tim¬ ber yard, the place now occupied by the smaller of the two parochial school build¬ ing; 2. The “Geinein” garden, the space on Church Street between the Widows’ House and the Single Brethren’s House— the present Young Ladles’ Seminary; 3. The corner of Main and Church Streets, the place finally accepted. The first of the proposed sites had as a champion the venerable Bishop Ettwein, who as early as 1791 urged the selection of this place as being more nearly central as to situation and he had no doubt that the time would come when it would be central as to population also, for it was quite probable that Bethlehem would be extended further east on the “store street” (Market Street), which together with the e of population on Main Street ‘schneTdeiTof the second part, in which the parties of the second part 82re®d l° ‘would make the church easy of access marry mountain stone, ferry it acrossdhe DeS River, and deliver it at a , i v? the bridge at 25 cents a perch, Measured in the finished walls. They ! were to deliver 200 perches withm three weeks and 100 perches every week there¬ after Sas long as the weather permitted, SSSfei =dfe and tf resume in the following spring S««‘. “ffi1, „5;avn«e“S.,„l by tl.es. The stone were taken from the Ini s places we. e urged «M< ««* igT.^ near the river, a short distance above the Ettwe.n, he proposing, M>in street island known as “the stone ridge. opening of a sneer i reverend ser- winter of unusual rigor, proved a help Zhev than hindrance, for the river was j did S hotsevev, live covered with ice for weeks in succession j rS“ee the rejection of his favorite plan, sufficiently strung to p.rm.t b.«J sleJ loaded with stone to cross. The tounaa lion walls were to be mado jjji thickness, to be set six feet in the ground tapering to three feet, j8e ^n-e^or^les^Tiim^le0 do^n* coiid^hon. was no further material procured during | the winter, but plans were wifected and The first mentioned —* tlmd.s- negotiations entered into for early de livery of lumber, lime, and dressed sand

St°As master stone masons Adam Lehu r • “d «3» “ S.k» 1" the jrarious c.sten its usefulness on and Nicholas Woodring, both residents of town. It h-u 0Ul . decay a„d a new Easton, were selected, their emolument to Account of g )gjdere(1 a necessity of the be 8s. 6d. a dav with board and lodging tower was this pressing need included. The services of John Cumus of Reading, a contractor of experience m -f . U to the appointment by the I Which led t° tne apn committee in- building church edifices, were secured as architect and general supervisor. In January, 1803, William Bealer Jr., ex hibited a model of the projected church which met with the unqualified approval I of the committee. On the morning of the 30th of March, a small army of young men and boys, voi- enteers from the Single Brethren s Home, with pick and shovel, barrow and cart, jirlh'hzi J5«;, KS began the excavations for the church, while the single sisters provided and dis¬ pensed refreshments. With the stimulus of such extraordinary surroundings, _ as well as the ardor which the object in view may be supposed to inspire, it is no wonder that these amateur diggers had m !=sS=S two weeks’ time completed their task notwithstanding the fact that holy week with its attendant services had intervened. sent. a s rhis year debated Pwas again agitated m this year. ^ ^ The masons with a force of assistants in cduicd coun ^ methods 0f’defraying and tenders began work on the 13th o£ agreed up The maximum outlay April The names of some of these are I the cost debated- ^ last decade of recorded, and the fact is noted that but very few were inhabitants of Bethlehem. i sscat^ *tioo° Seven came from the Irish Settlement and twelve from the Drylands and Hanover. POThfsSis*im‘tcprovcd quite too low-ln The tenders were paid at the rate of 4s. , V fifp Hmes that amount was nearer by fact, fi The preliminary action od. a day. The lime was furnished the actual co t The p en was foU farmers of the neighborhood; the names of several will be recognized as connected ) r S^rtbe approval ft the elders’ con- lowed by the aPP ng committee, com- with the business of lime burning to the ference an Geb|,ard Cunow, John present day. They were Valentine 1 uh- posed of donn j. David rer Johannes Lynn, Jacob Clader, Lud- wig Keiper, Richard Hillman, arid_.,John Schropp, MatfcteeD (florae Huber, and Rishon, Samuel Steep, ueoLKe Weaver. , William Dealer, Jr., lo„ houses The corner stone was laid April io. The water tower and tne two . 1803. At 10 oclock the congregation had were razed ^signed j assembled in the church, (the old chapel). articles of_»greeme „nd treasurer,” Bishop Loskiel delivered a short address, , by “John Schropp, wa^d Christial Nagel, stating with expression of thankfulness that the desire for a new and commodious , George S*Tts Join Hillmun. »"d •'“»!> i house of worship entertainedfnfor

t Vi tf VPfil’S hem cliarist records in the “memorabilia" blessing of God, in process of fulfillment. ] that by the close of the year the walls hod > He communicated, in German and Eng- < been brought up to tho roof. lish, the text of the dedicatory iriscrip-'-' The architect having prepared a bill of tion which was to be preserved in the box I the various timber of white pine and white to be deposited in the corner stone. The „ | oak which would be required in the frame text thereof in all its quaintness is repro- f ! work of the church and steeple, the orders duced:— for these were given in part to Francis "In the Name of God, the Father, and Weiss, of near Lehighton, and William the Son, and the Holy Ghost, was on the Nyce, of the ill defined regions of the 16th of the Month of April, in the Year Minnisink on the Delaware, while the after the Birth of Christ One Thousand white oak lumber, for the steeple chiefly, Eight Hundred and Three, under the pro¬ was purchased of Balzer Staehle, viz., tection of the Government of this Coun¬ 25,000 feet at 7s. a hundred feet, board try, the Congre-s of the United States of measure. Heavy rains during the early America, their President, Thomas Jeffer- j ,j part of December caused an abnormal son, and Vice President, Aaron Burr, and rise in the waters of the Delaware and, to ! of the Assembly of the Commonwealth of the joy of the committee, on the 16th of Pennsylvania, Thomas McKeen, with the that month it was reported from Easton j blessing of the direction of the Unity of that the largest pieces of timber had been ! the Evangelical Brethren.” (Here follow floated down, although they had not been J the thirteen names), with the cordial con- expected till the following sprine. From | sent of the helpers’ conference of the this latter place they were carted to Beth¬ Brethren’s congregations in Pennsylvania lehem. I and its vicinity, consisting at that time The yellow and white pine boards were i of the Brethren George Henry Loslciel, purchased from Daniel Wagner and from I congregation, minister and helper; John John Green & Co., Easton, at 12s. (§1.60) j Gephard Cunow, member of the helpers’ a hundred feet. The door and window conference; John Schropp, steward of the sills of dressed sand stone were supplied | congregation; Bernhard Adam Grube, by Martin Fry from near Nazareth at the laborer of. the widows; Christian F. , rate of 5s. a cubic foot. William Bedler, Schaaf, laborer of the married people; Jr., was the master carpenter, and John Andrew Benade, assistant minister and Fred Bourquin, a resident workman and inspector of the boarding school; John • joiner of acknowledged ability, built the Constantine Mueller, steward of the single pulpit and executed the panel of the gal¬ brethren; Matthew Eggert, assistant stew¬ lery and the steeple. The following work¬ ard of the congregation. (Here follow ers in wood during the season the names of eight single sisters and 1804-5 'were paid at the rate of widows engaged in various positions in 5s. a day: Richard Wheitzell, Abra-j]| church work.) ham Vogel, Jacob Spinner, John Boorera, "Here at Bethlehem, Northampton Daniel Weinberg, and Jacob Colver. Two County, state of Pennsylvania, was laid i expert plasterers from Philadelphia, the foundation stone of this church, with Stephen Eastwick and Levick Palmer, the daily'^ord of the congregation,‘Lord, i contracted to plaster the inside of the my desired before Thee; and my groan- j j church, make the requisite stucco work, ing is not hid from Thee’ (Ps. xxxvi. 9), mouldings, and ornamentations at the and the text, ‘I have declared Thy faith¬ rate of 8^d. a square yard for plain work . fulness and Thy salvation; 1 have not and for'stucco work the price current in concealed Thy loving kindness and Thy Philadelphia. They also did the rough truth from the great congregation’ ”( Ps. casting on the outside of the church iu xl. 10.) the spring of 1806. _ | Besides the members of the direction of The roof over the audience chamber j the congregation, the congregation of was covered with shingles, but the east ; the Brethren at Bethlehem consisted at and west annexes with a flat roof, sur¬ I that time of those persons whose names mounted each by a square turret, by the ! are mentioned in the catalogue annexed committee termed mansard; these flat j hereto, which also included the name of i roofs, as also the various landings of the the girls in the boarding school, together steeple, were covered with sheet copper, with a collection of coins of the United furnished by Edward Lackey, of Easton, States, was placed in the casket of lead, who made also the ball and vane which which \t|as then, sealed. The audience left graced the spire. Before the close of the chuiteh and reassembled on the site of 1804 the church was under roof and on the newtehtirch building, singing hymns May 7, 1805, the vane was mounted on with violin and trombone accompaniment, the finished steeple. The bell, made in j The dimer stone was lifted into place London, consigned to Godfrey Haga & by the ujuted efforts of the Brethren Los- Co., arrived in Bethlehem in April; the kiel, Cirnow, and Schropp, during the total cost, including freight, etc., was singing tit a verse in the German language, §268.60. j The customary ceremonies of the corner; The task of building the organ was I stone laving* were performed, after which committed to the venerable Moravian or¬ 'Bishop Los hi el offered prayer, asking di- gan builder, David Tannenberg, who ! v*ne blessing upon the projected work. hoped to set up his masterpiece, accord¬ The benediction and the singing of a hy in n ing to his calculation in pursuance of a j accompanied by the trombonists closed carefully drawn specification, which had I the improve ceremonies. The Bethle¬ 'a subscribed to by him on the one the decidedly more artistic appearanc t/art and by JohnSchropp, warden,on the the original plan. * second part, bearing date July 26, 1803. The stucco work on the c^rraa of thel The sum of 100 pounds had already been church, outlining the large windows, ar paid him as earnest money. Ilis sudden excellent and seemingly indestructible) death in May, 1804, necessitated the choice piece of work, was made by one William of another organ builder, and in July^ qf Travel during the decade of 1830. Wheth-| the same year John Geib & Son, of New er he possessed a recipe of special excel¬ York, were given the contract for a larger lence, or whether the deliberate manner instrument than that projected by Tan- in which he carried on the work is to be nenberg. It was finished in March, 1806, credited for the results so weather proof and was erected and tested on April 21. and enduring, may ever remain an open (This organ stands at present and is in question. use in the chapel of the Moravian Paro¬ Tradition has it, that theseriesof block chial School building.) work was cast, one block at a time into The dedication of the church was fixed a mould placed on the rough casting, upon Sunday, May 18. All possible pre¬ and that, while the composition was1 parations for the accommodation of vis¬ hardening, Travel and his assistant, itors and the maintenance of order on the slumbered under the adjacent shade trees streets of Bethlehem were made. A com¬ until the mould could be transferred to mittee of entertainment, consisting of the adjoining space. John Jungberg, Christian P. Schaaf, We will refer once more to the faithful Frederick J. Loeffler, Owen Rice, Chris¬ warden and treasurer, John Schropp, upon tian Eggert, and Anton Schmidt, while whom devolved the greater share of the Joseph Horsefield and a neighbor, Moses cares and duties pertaining to the erec¬ Hemphill (from the Irish Settlement), tion of this church. He who was most were requested, as magistrates and officers j active and persevering ill furthering the I of the peace, to take necessary stops to I work in hand, who drew up and signed preserve order in the town. the various contracts and agreements with Tha festal day was announced at 5 unexcelled care, exactitude, and neatness, oclock in the morning by the crash of was destined never to see the fruition of trumpets and trombones from the church his hopes and labors, for he was called to steeplci A closing service at 8 oclock was his long rest on Independence Day, 1805, held in the old church, at which Bishop at the age of 54 years; but his memory Loskiel officiated. The whole body of shall remain as long as the walls of this worshipers, headed by the clergy and the massive structure endure. various servants of the church, followed oisti by the children, formed in orderly pro¬ cession, entering the church at the eastern doors, where they were greeted by the trom¬ bonists from the choir gallery, followed From _ by the anthem, “Enter ye His gates with thanksgiving and His courts with praise.” This early service was attended by the congregation and some visitinafriends, QlLsb^L.tl.. but the concourse of people wjiieh had gathered to hear the German ser.mon at a ;ii later hour in the morning filled the Date, .iM.f ^ rj ^ ib church until standing room was not to be 3e found, and was estimated at nearly 3000. W8 Loskiel had chosen as his text llev. in xxi. 3: “Behold the tabernacle of God ag is with men and he will dwell with them.” tb It was a matter of profound thankfulness IT THE Mil -CHUCK f that comparatively good order was main- t tained throughout the services. The An Interesting- Celebration in Salis¬ English dedicatory sermon was deliv¬ ered by the Rev. Andrew Benade in the bury Township Yesterday. afternoon to an audience considerably smaller than that of the morning. The entire cost of the erection of the LARGE ATTENDANCE AT THE SERVICES church, together with the necessary fur¬ nishings and organ, amounted to £19,525 P. C., or $52,066.66, of which sum there Dr. Schantz Preaches a Historical Sermon— remained still unpaid in 1808 $37,687.47. Jerusalem Church is One of the Oldest In 1816 several thousand dollars were in This Section—Facts in the His¬ spent upon this building, when the roof tory of the Congregation. was extended over the entire structure, necessitated by the impossibility of pre¬ Yesterday was a day of great rejoic¬ venting the rain and melting snow from ing among the members of Jerusalem penetrating and injuring the house. This Lutheran and Reformed Church in change, while it seems to have been con¬ Salisbury. It marked the 155t'n anni¬ sidered imperative, remains a cause of re¬ versary of the organization of the gret on the part of many who l'emeinber cliurdfi. For weeks its members were 37

gation. They marched to 1 lie ceme¬ ^ preparations for this liis- tery, the band pb# ing a dirge. At the Torical and interesting event. The at¬ cemetery the c!^ and congregation, tendance during the day and evening accompanied liy^ the baud, sang was large. Former members of the “Nearer, My God, to Thee.” Rev. \V. church revived the memories of old F. More made a brief and interesting and recalled the days when they played address, after which the hymn, “Jesus, around the quaint old edilice. Old, Lover of My Soul,” was sung. Rev. J. feeble and tottering men and women, Steinhaeuser spoke from the text, who joined the church m the full flush “Blessed Are the Dead That Die in the of youth, rejoiced to see the day and Lord.” The doxology was then snug, the old church, still strong on its foun¬ after which the cornetists of the band dations, both materially and spiritually. stepped forward and sounded their in¬ The pulpit and altar of the church were struments to the four points of the beautifully decorated with bouquets, compass. The whole was as beautiful wreaths and crosses of flowers. On as it was affecting. Lunch was once each side of the altar were tabs with more partaken of by another large the figures 1741 and 1898. throng. TJie morning services were in charge In the evening Rev. Andres delivered of the Lutheran pastor, Rev. M. O. Rath. the sermon from the text, “The L >rd After the rendering of a voluntary on Has Done Wonders, Whereof We Are the organ and the singing of an anthem Glad.” Rev. I. B. Ritter,of Emaus; Dr. by the choir, which acquitted itself in Sehantz, of Myerstovvn, and Rev. M. O. the highest manner during the day, Rath, of this city, were present during Rev. Dr. F. J. F. Sehantz, the historian the evening services. The collections of the Lutheran Church, read the 95th amounted to $52. Psalm and then delivered an historical The present officers of the church are address in German, which gave the his¬ Pastors, Revs. M. O. Rath and 0. E. tory of the church from its inception Schaeffer; Elders, W. H. Wenner, Henry up to the present time. Hdinsberger, Oscar Troxell and John During the morning services the Bogert; Deacons, Adam If. Bortz, women of the congregation were busily Franklin Hinkel, Morris S. Bieber, E. engaged in loading the long L-shape/A H. Smith; Trustees, Tilghman Neu- table, which stood in the rear autYex¬ lueyer, W. H. Wenner, Henry Romich, tended along the side of the qjauroh on A. L. Rein hard; Organist, Edward the lawn, with all kindsrof eatables. Strauss. The table seated 109 persons and as one Following is a brief history of the was through his seat was immediately church: taken by another, a nd thus it continued T1IE HISTORY OF THE CHURCH. for over an hour. Several hundred per¬ The congregation is one of the oldest sons were fed and all expressed them¬ in this section of the State. The pre¬ selves as being more than satisfied with cise date of its organization is not the quantity and'quality of the viands known. The first church was built in served and the attention they received. 1741on lauds donated by Henry Roth The ofternoon services were in charge and John Mai tin Bomberger. The deed of Rev. C. E. Schaeffer, of Maoungie, the to the lands is dated December 15,1743. Reformed pastor, and they were highly The first church was built of logs. It interesting. Rev. G. W. Richard's, of stood a long time, but at a later date, Salem’s Refjrmed Church, this city, of which there is no .record, a larger made a brief address, in which he re¬ church was built. This stood until 1S19, ferred to the past and noted the changes when the present structure was erect¬ which time.had'wrought and the pro¬ ed, which a few years ago was remod¬ gress made, both in State and religion. eled and modernized. In the old grave¬ Rev. J. Steinhaeuser, of St. Michael’s yard are stones nearly 150 years old. Lutheran Church, tollowed. lie com¬ The first pastor regularly serving the pared the church to a good old mother congregation seems from the deed to whose children are bringing her gifts. have been Rev. John William Straub. Rev. W. J. Andres, of Bath, and Rev. Ha was the first Lutheran pastor as far W. E. More, of Catasauqua, closed the as is known. He was followed in 1754 afternoon services with short, though to 1762 by Daniel Schumacher; 1769-93, highly interesting and eloquent ad¬ Jacob VanBuskirk; 1792-96, George dresses. Frederick Eligsen ; 1800-3, Rev. John The most interesting exercises of all Paul Ferdinand Kramer; 1803-5, John were the memorial services, which George Roeller; 1805-8, John Conrad took place at 4 o’clock in the cemetery. Yeager; 1808-17, Rev. Heiney, and At that hour a baud of seven, com¬ 1817-19, Henry G. Steelier. posed of trombones, trumpets, cornets After the third church had been built and other instruments, under the lead¬ ership of William Neumayor, of Emaus, led a procession, composed of the regu¬ lar pastors,-the visiting clergymen, the officials of the church and the congre¬ in 1819 llev. Benjamin became German Old Deeds Not Recorded. tlie pastor and|preached iaflt ty_ Amdng the papers of Abraham Bsrge, new ©bureh. lie continued twauty ceased, ot Norristown, were discovered re¬ nine years, to 1848, when he died. Hte cently the dead of Henry Loagatre add wife | brother, William German, was elected his successor, but served only two to John Htrateln, dated Hay 24, 1784, oon- years, when he died. In 1*5- Jacol ve> log a tract of land in Limerick contain¬ Vogel bach became the pastor, and ing 117 aoros and 6 perches. A dead of Ab¬ served until 1817, when Rev. W'B^ raham Barge, dated Hay 5:b, 1808, convey¬ Rath succeeded lpm. Ee “ t, = ou ing 123 acres and 110 perches of land In vears ago, and was suceeded by his sou, ■: Limerick. A dead of John Sohweak and Rev. M. O. Rath, the present Lutheran wife to Jacob Nelman, dated September 2nd, 1812, conveying 58 acres and 14 perohes ot ^Although the first church was erected land in Limerick. A deed ot Wm. Ander¬ in 1741. there is no record ofregul- son, assignee, ot Isaac Berge and Wife to nastors on the Reformed side. If the l _»-l i f in ii John Godahalk, dated April 1, 1850, contain¬ congregation w ,s served it must have from other churches. ing 37 acres and 93 perches of land In Lime¬ lieen by>y pastor?pastud-s - Michael Schlatter, who set sail rick. The second and third deads named Rev. from Holland or America as mission¬ are not recorded.^ „ ^ ^ ary in 1749, mentions in his journal, un de? date of Junb 27,1747, the Salisbury Church as one Which he on said day visited, found vacant, and connected i dfeO'- with two other adjoining vacant con¬ From, gregations, in the hope that soon they would have the exclusive ser vices ot a regular pastor. , From October! 9,1748, until L71, Re . John Philip Leydich served the Re¬ formed wing. From 1771 to when Date he died. Rev. John George Witnei served this people; 1779-82, Conrad Steiner, Jr. In 1796 the church record shows that Rev. John Henry Hoffmeier, pastor of neighboring congregations, administered the communion m the spring of the year to thirty-one, and in PATRIOTISM ALIVE the fall of the year to twenty communi¬ cants. This small number was owing undoubtedly to the fact that they ha_ Revolutionary Heroes Immortal¬ no regular pastor. From 1808 to 1815, ized in Bronze. Rev. Jacob William Decliant preached to these people regularly until Be was sent by the Synpd to the State of Ohio HON. JAMES M. BECK’S ADDRESS to do missionary work for the ehurc i. Rev. Daniel Zeller served the people for forty-two years. Rev. A. J. G. Patriotic Music and Fervent Speeches Dubbs followed him and continued un- Recalling the Days ot the til 1876, when Rev. Thomas N. Rebel’ Revolution Make To- | was chosen to serve the congregation. day Memorable. The present pastor is Rev. Charles L. Schaeffer, of Maoungie. It is unlikely that since the days when Generals Washington and Lafayette and ; other well known officei's of the Revolution walked the quaint streets of old Bethle¬ hem, there have been more stirring, patri¬ otic times than have made today mem or-, able. Nearly three hundred of the descend¬ ants of those who secured our independence came to our borders in peace and unveiled a handsome bronze tablet in memory of the Continental soldiers who found refuge, wounded or in illness, in the single brethren’s house on Church street. The tablet was erected by the Pennsyl¬ vania State Society of Sons of the Revol¬ ution. The inscription on the tablet is as; follows: In Memory_ 39

ceremony, the handsome silk flags of the society were carried in the march to the church and the unveiling. They represent the national standard of today; the state j From Dec.. 1776 to April, 1777, and flag; the flag of the society, consisting of I Sept., 1777, to April, 1778, three wide stripes, the outer ones of buff This Tablet Is .Erected and the middle blue, bearing the design of The Pennsylvania Society of the society’s insignia painted in gold; the Sons of the Revolution, A. D. 1897. Colonial flag of thirteen red and white The Pennsylvania State Society of Sons stripes with the English canton—the St. of the Revolution was founded in 1888; eli¬ George and St. Andrew’s crosses; the pine gibility to membership conditioned o» tree flag of New England; the rattlesnake ancestor being a soldier or sailor in actual flag with the motto “Don’t tread on me;" service, a signor of the Declaration of Inde¬ the Fort Moultrie flag; the first flag of the pendence or member of Continental con¬ United States, with the thirteen stars in a gress. No collateral descendants are circle; the guidon made by the Moravian eligible. The society now numbers about sisters for Pulaski’s legion, (the exact size.) 1200 members; president, Hon. William and flag of the Washington family. Wayne; vice presidents, R, M. Cadwalader The church was magnificently decorated aud Dr. William H. Earle: secretary, E. A. with flags and laurel leaves. Great banners Weav^F” were draped over the pulpit and the doors The society celebrates two events in par¬ at either side, as well as in front of the ticular, June 18, 1178, the date of the evacu¬ choir loft. Small flags were stacked about ation of Philadelphia by the British army, the gas standards each side of the pulpit and Dec. 19,1777, the entry of Washington’s and were artiscally disposed throughout the army into camp at galley Forge—the first interior of the edifice. by a visit to some battlefield or historic The Sons and trustees of the Moravian spot;the last by attending church in a body, church occupied front pews reserved for when a special sermon is preached. Wash¬ them and directly hack of them sat the ington’s birthday is usually celebrated by a Allentown chapter of the D. A. R., with dinner and the Fourth of July in Indapea- its regent, Miss Minnie Mickley. dence Square. The exercises opened with prayer read by The anniversary of the evacuation of the chaplain, Rev. G. Woo’sey Hodge, Philadelphia by the British in 1778, occurs after an organ voluntary by Wely had on Friday, June 18, this year, but Saturday been rendered by J. Fred Wolle. After being a half holiday, tc day was selected prayers the Moravian choir with full orches¬ for the celebration and the unveiling of tra sang “The Heavens are Telling,” from the bronze tablet in the middle building of Hayden’s Creation. Chairman Francis the Seminary and College for Women, for¬ Von A. Cabeen followed with a few ap¬ merly the old Continental hospital. June propriate remarks and introduced the 19, however, is an important day in the his¬ orator of the occasion. tory of our country, for on that day Wash¬ James M. Beck, assistant United States ington with his army started from Valley district attorney, of Philadelphia, well Forge in pursuit of the flying British army known and greatly honored and admired in through New Jersey, and later, at Mon¬ Bethlehem, being an alumnus of the Mora¬ mouth, sent them pellmell into their camps vian College and Theological seminary, who in New York and vicinity. made a splendid address from which we The Sons arrived at the Union depot from make the following extracts: Philadelphia this morning at 10.45 o’clock “My fellow members of the Sons of the and were met and warmly welcomed by Revolution: We have made our pilgrimage local members, after which the line of this morning to this venerable town in march to the Moravian church, Bethlehem^ order that we might recall to our grateful was taken up. ; memories the stirring events, as full of Following was the order of parade: | pathos as of glory, which hallow it, and, os Platoon of police composed of Chief Huf- far as in us lies, commemorate them by a smith, of Bethlehem; H. J. Huthmacher, of tablet of lasting bronze.. . Weatherly; Geo. Dexten,of Allentown ;Otto “Abundant opportunityis afforded for this Rehfuss, of Phillipsburg, N. J., and John patriotic work in this time honored bor¬ H. Griffin, of South Bethlehem. Local ough of Bethlehem. Its roots are deep members and the burgesses of the four bor¬ sunk in the past, and its local history is oughs; standard bearer carrying the Pulaski intimately interwoven with the revolution¬ banner (facsimile;) Allentown band; Penn¬ ary struggle. sylvania society, Sons of Revolution, 200 * ‘in common with the Quakers, they strong. cherished the belief that it was wrong As the occasion was one of either to take up arms or to take an oath. “At the eutbreak of the Revolution the community numbered about five hundred in Bethlehem with a letter from inhabitants. In that fierce civil strife, in Warden,’ the general hospital surgeon which house was set against house and Continental army, in which it was neighbor against neighbor, and feeliDg be¬ that accordidg to his Exceliency, tween patriot and Tory became most in¬ Washmgton’s orders, the general he tense it was not unnatural that the peaceful of the army is removed to Bethlehem, ‘And Moravian community was looked upon you will do this greatest act of humanity by many thoughtless and overzealous pa* by immediately providing proper buildings triots as a vile nest of Tories, lime and for their reception.’ This step had become again during the struggle threats wore necessary by the rapid retreat of Washing¬ openly made to destroy the town, and ton across New Jersey, and the consequent drive the peaceful missionaries into the necessary abandonment of the hospital at armies as sheep to the shambles. Indeed, Morristown, and the considerations that that miserable brae-earl. General Lee, had moved Washington to select Bethlehem made a boast that he ‘woulcT make an was its comparative security and its great end to Bethlehem,’ and only the loyal natural advantages for the eomfort of the and unselfish contributions which the sick. community made to the patriotic cause “On December 5, wagons bearing the saved them from this fate. unfortunate wounded reached Bethlehem. “If they did not contribute by warlike To quote the language of the diarist acts of aggression to the patriot cause they ‘The sick were brought here today in suffered their equal share of the country’s crowds, their suffering and lack of proper burdens in other ways. The taxation care making them a pitiable spectacle to which was imposed upon them in double behold, and had we not supplied them measure they willingly bore and paid. with food many would have perished, for Throughout the struggle Bethlehem wit their supplies did not arrive for three Uessed not merely the pomp and circum¬ j. days.’ stances of war but suffered most grievorsly | “On the following day it is recorded that from its cruel burdens. two of the sick died, and thus it became “In September,1777,its peaceful highways neceessary to select a burial place. The were thronged with delegates from con¬ place selected was the summit of the hil' gress who had fled thither after the seizure on the west bank of the Monocacy, where of Philadelphia by Lord Howe, officers of the borough of West Bethlehem now stands, high rank, prisoners of war on parole, the and it must be a source of humiliation sick and wounded from the hospital, the that i this last resting place of over five surgeons of the Continental army, while hundred continental soldiers is not marked down its streets followed a continual pro¬ by so much as one stone upon another. cess .0 a of artillery rumbling over the “The building selected for a hospital was stones,of cavalry accompanying the military that occupied by the single brethren as stores, of miiitia marching to join the main their home. It is now the center building body of the army, and of wagons with their of the Moravian seminary, and it is upon dreadful burden of wounded or dying men. its wall that we have affixed our tablet. The Brethren were excluded from their The building was erected in 1743,and in 1777 owu homes and driven to other settlements, consisted of three stories which were about and; the peaceful watchman who cried the 83x50 feet. The number of soldiers that it hours of the night must have rubbed his could accommodate was variously estimated eyes in amazement as he passed upon the by the surgeons iu charge from 200 to 300, streets not the sisters in the simple garb or but not withstanding this from 800 to 1000 the missionarie s in their clerical attire, but were at times crowded in the building from the cellar to the roof. The first occupation men with clanking swords and shining * spurs, of whom he might have recognized ■ ■ of this buildihg for hospital purposes termi¬ at various times such memorable figures as nated on March 27, 1777. After the battle Gates, Sullivan, Armstrong, Schuyler, Fer- of Brandywine it became again necessary moy, Mifflin, Greene, Knox, Allen,Steuben, to use the building for a hospital, and in PulaBki, De Kalb, Conway, Macintosh, September, 1777, word was received from ' Lewis, Lafayette,and finally, in 1782,Wash¬ Dr. Shippen, the director general of the ington himself, or he could have bowed to Continental hospital, that the Brethren’s such! noted personage among the civilians as house was again wanted as a hospital. Hancock, the two Adamses, Richard Henry “The house was again vacated by its in- Lee, Henry Laurens,Gouverneur Morris, M- , mates, and the wagons with their burden Girard, Benjamin Harrison, Joseph Reed, of groaning soldiers arrived from day to Rittenhouse,and Drs. Shippen and Warren. day, and the wounded and often dying men “On December 3, 1776, Dr. Cornelius were often transferred to such inadequate Baldwin, of the New Jersey line, arrived accommodations as were possible. “Among the wounded to arrive, although separately, was the Marquis de Lafayette, I who was at first given quarters at the Sun tragedy of the cross? : tavern, but was afterwards located in the Mr. Beck’s address was warmly applaud¬ ; private house off Barbara Boeckel, where he ed and after the choir had sung the was most tenderly nursed by her and her “Hallelujah” chorus, by Beethovon, and daughter, LieseL Indeed, it is a tradition Bishop J. M. Levering had pronounced the in Bethlehem that between youDg Lafayette benediction the splendid looking body of and this young German maiden a tender representative Americans, headed by their attachment arose during the course of his color bearers, passed out of the church and convalescence. formed in line on Church street. They im¬ “On October 5th came news of German-1 mediately adjourned ’mid the strains of town, and October 7th the procession of patriotic music to the tablet. Here Charles wounded men began to arrive from ,H. Jones, chairman, in a neat speech trans¬ I that battlefield. On October 14th orders j ferred the handsome memorial to the society were received for the collections of cloth- j iu behalf of the committee on monuments ing. and menorials. “On- October 18 it i6 related that Lafay¬ Richard Cadwallader.vice-pi’esident,made ette, who had completely recovered from an appropriate acceptance speech and his wound, left Bethlehem. The diarist transferred the tablet to the trustees of the records his impression of Lafayette in these Moravian Seminary and College for Women. words: ‘We found him a very intelligent Rev.Dr. J.Max Hark,principal of the school, and pleasing young man. He occupied made a graceful and beautiful speech of ac¬ much of his time in reading, and among ceptance in behalf of the trustees. He said j other matter read an English translation of in brief: “In behalf of the board of trus¬ ; the history of the Greeland mission,’ with tees of the Moravian church I gratefully | which he expressed himself as ‘highly receive into the custody of’ this institution ' pleased.’ this tablet, which will ever faithfully re¬ “By October 22 there were upwards of mind us of the sceues of suffering, enacted four hundred in the Brethren’s house alone, many years ago within these walls. Shall and fifty in the garden. Notwithstanding we not also be reminded of the perfect il¬ this overcrowding of a small building, Dr. lustration of the law of God that out of the i Rush, on October 28, oidered that one kun- most disagreeable, loathsome and unpleas¬ I dred more should occupy the kitchen and ant things emerge the fairest and loveliest. the cellar oTtne Brethren's house, but they Where in those past years the groans, were crowded in the garret. To furnish prayers and cursings of the suffering soldiers further accommodation the hospital officers were heard, there peals now the merry erected a wooden building fifty feet. laughter of school girls, who are forming “Another fruitful cause of the mortality, character at this institution and will become and of the frightful disregard of reason¬ the future wives aDd mothers of the citi¬ able precautions due to the-poverty of the zens of this land. I gratefully accept this ) army, can best be gathered from the state¬ tablet and trust that we may all live up to ment of Dr. William Smith, also of the that which it signalizes—Love of God and hospital staff, ‘that he had known from love of land.” four to five patients to die on the same While the band was playing “America” straw before it was changed, and that many the society and guests proceeded to the of them had been admitted for slight dis¬ beautiful pleasure grounds of the seminary, orders.’ Dr. William Brown records that where an elaborate luncheon was served to the hospital was lacking even in brooms to the society and its guests. The luncheon sweep it. was in the hands of Cowdrey, the German- “Such was the pitiable condition of the ty wn caterer, and more need not be said to hospital, and could its walls repeat the Bethlekemites. Just previous to the lunch¬ dreadful sounds and sights that they have eon a photograph of the society was taken, heard and witnessed, what a tale of im¬ p During the luncheon admirable music measurable sorrow could they not tell? was furnished by the Allentown band" j Only He who counteth all our sorrows can which had been engaged for the occasion. J ever know the infinite sorrow which these At 3 o’clock this afternoon the guests walls have witnessed. * * - were assembled in marching order and “Is not, then, our prilgrimage today a proceeded to the station tj^#ke their train ous one? are not these events which are home. it faintly recalled, in the truest sense After luncheon the members will visit the sacred, and is not the ground upon which t historic buildings and sites in town—the we stand holy? Martyrdom hallows and j old graveyard; the houses in which Conti- wherever a man has consciously laid down I neutal officers were nursed; the spot where his life for the country that he loves, or a “Independence Bell” was unloaded while cause in which he believes, that spot must , the wagon conveying it to Allentown was be forever sacred, for it is a true Calvary, 1 repaired; the park and camp site of the 700 and there is again repeated the infinite .1 T wagons (the heavy baggage of the army) and of General Washington’s private bag¬ gage; the buildings occupied by the hospital A brief history of the Moravian Chu and the surgeons; the hospital graveyard at Emaus, whose congregation will ce and the Sun inn. brate its sesqui-centennial; on Sunds The following committee had charge of next, is given below. The program the affair, which insured its thorough suc¬ the order of services was published in cess: Francis Yon A. Cabeen, chairman; yesterday’s “Morning Call:” Robert P. Linderman, Edward Mcllvain, The Moravian settlers were princi¬ Rollin H. Wilbur, South Bethlehem: Henry pally Germans who came to our shores May Keim, Richmond L. Jones, Reading; about the same time. Emaus was a Henry D. Maxwell, Easton; I. R. Wright. hamlet formed by them about the same Rev. H. E. Hayden, Wilkes-Barre; Charles time that Bethlehem and Nazareth were A. Blakslee, Mauch Chunk; J. Edward founded by the same sect. Count Carpenter, Hon. S. W. Pennypacker, W. Zinzendorf preached to the little body at Bleddyn Powell, E. A. Weaver, John W. Emaus in Jacob Ehrenhard’s house in Jordan, Dr. R. H. Alison, S. F. Houston, Emaus in 17 il. He had for his text Frederick Prime, Alan Wood, jr., P. S., Matthew 7: 14. A year later a log church Hutchinson, Henry K. Nichols, A. J. Cas¬ was built on land donated by Mr. satt, M. R. Minnich, I. S. Perot, I. G. Ehrenhard and this nucleus of the pros¬ Darlington, Thomas Allen Glenn, Caleb J- pective congregation w-as ministered un¬ Milne, jr., Ogden D. Wilkinson, C. D. to during the next few years by differ¬ Howell, W. J. Peale, Coleman Sellers, ‘-jr ent Moravian clergymen of the older I. C. Lancaster, Thos. Reath, J.May Duane, settlement at Bethlehem. T. W. Hindekoper, I. R. C. Ward, E. L. On July 30, 1717, the congregation was Perkins, Philadelphia. The local members of the Sons of the regularly organ zed. A boarding school Revolution, are A. N. Cleaver, J. H. Heck¬ was started in 1743 by Rev. Christian man, R. P. Linderman, D. K. Hamilton, R. Hayne, but was discontinued in 1763 H. Wilbur, G. R. Booth, A. Brodhead, R.P. when the Indians became troublesome Rathbun, E. M, Mcllvain, W. A. Wilbur, and threatened to exterminate the J. D. Brodhead, G. B. Linderman and J. settlers. The school was restarted at Price Wetherill. The entire society of the Bethlehem owing to the large town’s state has been invited by the local members greater security, The Moravian Semi to participate in the ceremonies and nary at Bethlehem is the offspring of ^ between 200 and 300 attended. that little school removed there from Emaus. The original foundera of the congrega¬ 4 tion were the following: I From, ^..0 A iLLS . Sebastian and Catharina Knauss, Ja¬ cob and Barbara Ehrenhard, Conrad and Catharine Wezel, Joseph and Susan¬ na Graff,Peter and Margaretha Graff,Jo¬ hannas and Catharina Knaus, Jacob and and Mary Loscher, Philip and Mary Krazer, John and Maria Kohler, Henry and Catharina Guth, Mai tin and Eliza¬ beth Bamberger, Samuel and Catharina Kopp, John and Veronica Landis, Jacob and Catharina Bcerstler, Anton an Catharina Albrecht, George anJ Chrisdana Hartman, Tobias and Mar- The Preparations for the Great gareth Weber, Peter and Mary Hoffman, Rudy and Mary Oberly, Frederick and Event on Sunday, Maria Rausenberger, Catharina Guth, Gertrude Cog, Rosina Pflngsttag, Rosina Moz—forty-four members. CONGREGATION’S HISTORY Among the members of the original founders of the church, the only one now Of the Original Families Which Or¬ remaining is the Knauss family, which has been connected in an unbroken male des¬ ganized It the Descendants of cent for 150 years, a!) the others Only One Remain: the Knauss- died out or moved away. | es—A Long Line of Pastors. The congrega ion became possessed of considerable land, most of which has been 45

1747-50, Aoton and Elizabeth agner; 1750-51, John W, and Roslna first small cemetery whloh lies south of I Mtchler; 1751-52, Andreas and Dor. Horn; the railroad, a few squares from the; 1752-53, John C and Chiistlua Fraucke; church. Here rest the remains of those! 1753 55, Daniel and Hannah Neubert; 1755- first pilgrims, all the graves being marked 56, George; and Gertrude Schneider; 1756- by stones lying fiat on the little mounds 58. John C. and Margaret Engel; 1758 60 Some are so old that the elements have John and Magdalena Sohweltzhaupt; 1760 obll erated the inscriptions. To the 62, Daniel ar:d Hannah Neubert; 1762 63, | memory of Jacob Ehrenbardt, one of these George and Marie Pttschmann; 1763-66, j pioneers, a second stone was erected In Anton and Elizabeth Wagner; 1765 73,' 1853. The Inscription thereon reads: Henry and Elizabeth Llndemeyer; 1773-77. | "Sacred to the memory of Jacob Ehrer- Andrew and Maria Langard: 1777-79 j, hard, one of the founders and builders of Francis and Anna Bohler; 1779-85, John J. the first church at Emaus. He was born and Anna Sohwlhel; 1785-86, Nicholas L. on Mound Thursday, In Narstadc, Her- j and Anna Bagen; 1786 90, John and Marla many 1716; departed this life February Roth; 1793 93. Bernhard and Sarah 7th,1760.” j Grube; 1793 98, George and Anna Muller; The fir6t or old graveyard has been part 1798 1801, Ludwig F. and Marla Bohler; ly abandoned for burial purposes, but few 1801 2, John and Anna Bardell;1802-5,John burials having made therein for a number and Susanna Molther; 1805 7, John and of years past The graves are, however, Aina Bardill; 1807-9, Gottfried and Anna car fully kept and marked. This grave lOppelt; 1809-13, Theodore and Susannft yard has given place to the larger and Shulz; 1813-30,Paul and Anna Weiss; 1830- handsomer cemetery a square north of the 36. John and Sophia Brickenstein; 1836-38 church Here the peculiar appropriateness Peler and Eliza Kluge; 1838-39, G. F. and of Moravian burial customs is further Il¬ Eliza Troeger: 1839-44. Levin T.and Louisa lustrated. The members of one age and i Relohel; 1854-46, Julius and Emma Becb- sex are nearly all laid in rows, Here rest ler; 1846 53, Ambrose and Matilda Rond- the rich and poor, all alike In death, with i thaler, 1853 60, John and Carolina Ru- a common slab to mark the grave, giving gennas; 1860-62 Edward and Annie Kluge; name and age, Nowhere else but In 1862 64, Lorenz and Anna Oerter;1 1864 68, Moravian burial grounds Is the fact so Henry 0. and Mary Bachman; 1868-76,Juli¬ truly pointed out that death Is no re- us and Marla and Ellen Wunsche; 1876 77, spector of persons and stations. No W. H. and Dorothy Hooh; 1877 79, Max E elaborate and costly memorials In granite and Martha Grunert; 1879 82, Clemers and and marble distinguish them. The univer¬ Caroline Reinko; 1882-89, L. P. and Sarah sal brotherhood of man Is seldom so elo Clewell; 1889, P. F. and Mary Rommel, the quently shown as In these mute objects of latter still serving. Moravian faith and simplicity. There wilt be a material change In the The second ohuroh was erected In 1776 program of the day at the sesqul-cen- and was a more imposing structure, but tennial oelebratlon on Sunday, ooeaimed also of logs, the same as the first. In 1833 by the death of Mrs, Sophia Levering, the present handsome s ructure was built, mother of Bishop J. Mortimer Levering, as also the parsonage alongside of It. It who died on Wednesday evening at Olney, is a fine church and a handsome place of Ill. Bishop Levering was called to the residence for the pastor, the fine lawn and latter place yesterday morning. He was splendid shade trees surrounding the to deliver the 150th annual "fest” sermon church forming a rare picture of rural at 10 o’clock a. m. The duties will now rest and quiet. The church was lately probably be assigned to the Rev, Edward considerably Improved In Its ou side ap¬ T. Kluge, whole the oldest living minister pearance and the chapel Is to be enlarged of the former pastors of the Emaus church. so as to conform to the Increasing size of the Sunday sohool. This is probably the oldest Sunday school in the county. Until a few years ago the church had the distinction of being the only one of From, ^^ ^ . that seot in Lehigh county. The fact was always largely commented upon for the reason that it has missionaries and . churches In earth’s remotest corners. The Ooopersburg church Is a child of the Emaus congregation, and the one organized in Da * Allentown but abandoned about two years B ago was from the same parent stem. The following ministers served the con- 44 "f

gregatlon then consisting wholly formed members, held a meeting ai A CENTO! OF ME elded to erect a stone church In ff - the old log building ' It was also A Church’s Centennial to Be Cele¬ to Invite their Lutheran neighbors to form I a congregation, and unite with them in brated ereotlng the new building, which should then be held in common by both faiths. As an Inducement, the Reformed mem¬ ON THE NEXT SABBATH BA! bers offered the Lutherans a half Interest In 40 acres of their lands, which tract ' should after that time be held in common Union Church, at Unionville, is One by both, and also agreed to sell all of their Hundred Years Old and the Event lands above these 4) acres, and devote the Will be Appropriately Observed proceeds towards the expense of construc¬ —History of the Church. tion. On the 27th of May, 1796, being thw o-oash n of the laying of tbe corner ston?, the Lutherans acoep ed these propositions, On Sunday next tbe oelebration of the formed a separate congregation, and 00th anniversary of the erection of the united with their Reformed brethren In Union Church, at Unionville, will be held. constructing the new church. None of the It will be one of the most elaborate ever churoh 1 nds were sold, however, the cost hpld In Lehigh county. The early history of construction being liquida'ed with free¬ of the Union Church, or Schlosser’s, as It will contributions. was formerly called, Is Involved in con¬ This second church building at Uoion- siderable obscurity, as there are no writ¬ vllle stood in a line with the old stone ten records to throw light upon it. In the echool house, still stand!ng, and the yard early times the settlers attended services of the present brick churoh on ground which were held at private dwellings or in lying between the two. It was solidly the school houses and often consisted only built of rough hewn stone, with galleries of prayer, snglng and the reeding of running around three sides of the interior. Scripture. After their number Increased This stone building served all the purpos somewhat those of the Lutheran faith be¬ es of the united congregations until the gan attending services at the churches 11th of February, 1871, when they resolved that were nearest, such as Jordan and Hei to erect a new and substantial brick build¬ delberg, where such pastors as Rev. ing, fifty feet In front and eighty feet in Messrs. Justus Jacob JBergeostoek, dep h. It was found, however, a task of Shumacher, Dhell, Geisenbelmer and no small Importance to tear down the old othe s ministered to their spiritual wants. stone church. So solid was the masonry, Those of the Reformed belief, on the o n- and so thick were the walls, that It requir¬ trary, being greater In numbers then their ed the use of blasting powder and the Lutheran brethren, early united In form- united efforts of a large force of people ! lng a congregation and building a house who had collected by Invitation from the I of worsb'p. The exaot date when this was neighborhood and even from distant parts done cannot be ascertained, but It proba¬ of the township, to overthrow the walls. bly happened in the decade beginning The timbers were found in part still sound with 1750, for there is a record of date 1748, and dry as when lirss laid. When the in which the Heidelberg, Jordan and corner stone was reached It was found en¬ Egypt Churches are mentioned, and there tirely empty, although many articles, Is another made in ihe year 1761, in which besides pieces of money, had been deposit¬ mention first occurs of Schiosser’s (now ed In the walnut box, with sliding lid, Unionville) Church, being located on land which had been plaoed in the cavity of the which was donated by the firs of the stone nearly a century previous. It was Bchlosser family. ascertained that It had remained uncover¬ In 1767 the congregation united with the ed and unprotected over night, when laid Reformed congregation of Egypt, Jordan and the supposition is that it was then and Nort' ampton borough in purchasing rilled of Its contents by saoreligious 8;x acres of land and erecting a common thieves. parsonage at a total expense of £5\ or On the 28th of May, 1871, the corner $345 62 This, It Is supposed, stood on stone of the present building was laid what Is Moyer’s land, on the road from with imposing ceremonies, and In the pre¬ Mechanicsville to Mickley’s tavern, In sence of a large throng. In the corner South Whitehall. stone was plaoed a zlno box, resting on a On the 7 th of November, 1795, the con- plate of heavy glass, and packed on all sides with powdered charcoal and plaster numbtir. In 1858'TTu; latVer had 309 com- muulcaots, while the Lutherans num¬ bered a little more than half as many In 1872 there were 261 heads of families of the 'of Paris. In It were placed cnuren re Reformed faith and 155 of the Lu beran, cords book of worship, silver and copper or altogether 119. In 1874 the Reformed coins, and other mementoes of members had communing members to the number of ihe congregations, and the whole oover of 615, while the Lutherans had 119; the ed wi h a second plate of heavy glass; former had 330 contributing members and The new building is of briok and Is hand¬ the la ter 225 In 1881 the number of Re¬ somely finished within and without. It formed communicants was 650, of Luth ¬ has a spire one hundred and sixty-five erans 450, and of Reformed contributing feet In height, In which hangs a bell of membsrs 335, and of Lutheran 250. about 2000 pounds’ weigh\ The firs: record of Reformed pab’ors be¬ The new building was dedicated to the gins on the 20th of December, 1764, with. service of God on Wnltsuntide, 1872, with Rev. Johan Daniel Gross, who served un¬ impressive ceremonies, conducted by Rev. til February 17, 1771, when R*ev. Abraham Dr. No z, Rev. E, Boner, and Rev. A. R. Blurner took his place, and ministered till Horne, Lutheran ministers, and Rev. Bts. the loth of May, 1801. On the 18th of Oct¬ Bomberger and Gerhard, Reformed ober following Rev. Johann Gobreoht be¬ ministers. gan his ministry there, and continued It It Is enjoyed by both congregations till the 13th of February, 1831. He was under certain addl Ions to the .church con¬ succeeded by the Rev. Joseph S Dubbs, i stitution, proposed at a meet ng of the D D., who served from the 21st of July, church councils on the 11th of February, 1831, till 1866. In the latter year Rev. E. 1871, and formerly adopted by the congre¬ •L Fogel was elected the pastor. He be¬ gation on the 25th of February following gan the duties of his office on the 1st of They were as follows: "The present January, 1867, an 1 continues faithfully in church shall be for the exclusive use of the them to this date. Reformed and Lutheran congregations. Th6 Lutherans of the earliest time not L As long as one single member of either of navlrg a separate organization at Union- these denominations remains faithful to vide were included in the Moselem charge,1 Its doctrines and practices, the church which In 1762 was under the care of the property can not pass out of his hands ’ Rev. John H Schaum. Between 1769 and These additional rules were signed by the 1772 the Rev. John George Jung became churGh councils, consisting of William j the pastor of this charge, and between 1 Gernert, Moses Hollenbach, Hilarlus 1779 an I 1782 the lioen iate Franz was the Kennel and Peter Gross, elders, and Tllgh- minister. He was succeeded in 1785 by man Semmel, Thoma3 Casey, and Ti:gh- the Rev. Henry Shellhard, and the latter j man F- Schneck. Stephen Delbert, David in 1791 by Rev. Casper Diehl, who, with Henelnger, Lewis Ciauser and Alexander Rev. Messrs. Gelsenheimer and Schu¬ Peter, deacons macher, served till 18-8 During their The building committee consisted of minis'ry the Lutheran congregation at¬ B njamin Semmel and Emanuel Krause tained a separate organiza Ion at Uulon- from the Lutherans, and Elias Hoffman ville at the time of the cons ruction of the and Aaron Balliet of the Reformed. The second church. R-.v. Messrs Doering and cost of erecting the present building was Wartman served the congregation up to in part, with abor, collections ana rfse-wm ouenngs June, 1837, when Jeremiah Sehlndel be-' The remainder of the debt was paid by the gan hi9 ministry, continuing to serve for levying of a tax upon the basis of the !,a period of twenty-one years. In the. county and state rates and levies, no (spring of 1859,Rev. Thomas Steck became adult male member paying less than $5. j the pastor and preached till he c’ose of • The Lutheran Church record begins 11866. At the beginning of his pastorate wi h 1797. The very early records of the the Lutheran congregation of Union, Reformed congregation were placed in the Heidelberg, the Frleden’e and Egypt corner stone of the second church, and Churches united In purchasing a parsonage when that was opened they had disap¬ at Schneckevllle, and in the spring of 1876' peared, together with the rest of its con- Rev. J S Reninger began hts service for ten’s Nearly everything, therefore, that the congregation,and continued until 1888, oan be told of its early history has been when he resigned arid was succeed by Rev. transmitted by oral tradition, and not J. B Fox, of Slatingtoc, who Is the pro- ,, much can be stated with certainty, ex¬ sent pastor. cept that in point of numbers the Re¬ Tne Sunday School was started In 1846 formed congregation has always b en by Rev S. K Brobst, Peter Gross and stronger than the Lutheran, and ihatit others, and ha: flourished ever since. maintains its lead at the present day In Asa large number of people will go to 1808 the Lutherans had 62 communicants, Unionville by (earn on Sunday, Land¬ I “ndihe ■Kf,0,;ru^ more than twice that lord’s O. G Mopr, of the Neff tvlll e Hotel, and Mr.Wooiring.of the Unionville Hotel, have made special arrangements to ac¬ commodate the teams and dinner will be served to people at reasonable pric e simplicity and faith. The Services of the Day. At 8 o’clock this morning the services opened, there being preaching by Rev. Julius Wun«ohe. retired, of Bethlehem, who was pastor of the Emaus Church from 1888 to 1878. At 10 o’clock the sesqui-centennlal “fest sermon was preached by Rev. Dr. Edward | Kiuge, who is the olde-t living of the for- mer pastors. Bishop J. Mortimer Levering, of Bethlehem, was to have preached this »er- moD, but the death of his mother called him toOlney. Illinois. Rev. Kluge Is President of the Provincial Elders’ Conference of Beth¬ lehem. At 2 P. M. the love feast was cele¬ brated. At these services Moravian sugar cake and coffee were served. This part of the service* was in charge of Rev. L. P. * **** Lcr,— Clewell, of South Bethlehem, who was pastor W of the congregation from 1882 to 1889. Short CEITURI AID A ML? OLD. addresses were delivered by visiting ters of several denominations. At 4 P. * • A communion services were held by Rev. THE MORAVIAN CHURCH AT EMAUS Kluge, assisted by Revs. E. M. Kemper, F. j P. Rummel and others of the fait*. In the OBSERVES AN ANNIVERSARY. , evening a praise meeting was held, in which many ministers took part. At each of theie services the choir, which has long been fa- . mou* for its vocal and Instrumental music, j A THOUSAND PERSONS ATTEND rendered congregational hymns and an- ; thems. History of the Congregation. The Moravian settlors were principally i HISTORY OF THE CONGREGATION AND Germans, who came to this* country prior to , ITS EARLY STRUGGLES. 1735. Long before the organization of the j congregation evangelistic work was carried on in Emaus by the Bethlehem brethren. Emaus was a hamlet formed by them not {ftVKClAT* TO THB PUBTjIO TiEBGBR. 1 long after the founding of Bethlehem and ALMSTOWN, Aug. 1.—The old town of Nazareth. As early as 1741, by invitation of Emaus, on the East Pennsylvania Railroad, Jacob Enrenhard and £eba

4 47

which Is to be enlarged shortly so as to give the Sunday school much needed room. This Moravian Cemetet'V’tdqnite'a large num¬ 1-^ said to be the oldest Sunday school In Le¬ ber of people gathered in the rooms of high county. During the 150 years of It* his¬ the Aoung Men’s Missionary Society, on tory forty-one pastors served the congrega¬ Main Street, B., under whose auspices the tion. The present pastor is Bey. Philip F. Rommel, who has served for over eight meeting was held. This talk was really a years, and is a man of scholarly attainments^) continuation of one given by Dr. Schultze \ in October of 1896. when he spoke upon the more noted men who lie buried in ihe I cemetery. In last night’s talk he referred io many good women who have served From, . Cod and the church in various ways. Longfellow has written about Bethle¬ hem. and he said: “I like that ancient _. baxon phrase which calls the burial ground ‘God’s Acre.’” This seems to fiave been the idea of the good people of 1 the early Bethlehem. All of them led a I K Date. life of devotion to God and the church, and reeoids in the book of the congrega- ^ lion do not exploit any matters of private life, but only what had been accomplished in ihe mission service. Among the very first of the women who i found a resting place in this God's Acre IsIIIstIt was Julianna Nitchmann, whose grave is marked by a large stone in the center of the original cemetery. She came to Beth¬ lehem in 1749, and on account of her un¬ Able Historical Address Delivered by the tiring work among the Indians in severaj regions she was called the “Mother of Pennsylvania.” Her work was cut short Learned Doctor Before the by sickness. Anna Maria Lavash, also buried in this Missionary Society, cemetery, possessed wonderful social and spiritual gifts, and is noted for the. fact that she led colonists to Lititz. Martha Powell came to Bethlehem from TOE OLD MORAVIAN GOD’S ACRE Oxford. She had been appointed super¬ intendent of women in London and did much work in the church there. She helped her husband as traveling mission¬ Celebrated Moravian Heroines of Colonial ary among the Indians in this country. Louisa Amelia de Schweinitz is buried here, whose four sons became ministers. fv Days Who Found Their Final Maria Barbara Nitchmann, after labor¬ ing in the West Indies with her first hits- Resting Place Herein. band, married Bishop David Nitchmann after the death of her first husband. ihe parents of David Zeisberger found i their last resting place in the cemetery ALSO YOUNG BETHLEHEM SOLDIERS here. Catharine Huber, Susanna Zeisberger. and Anna Mum AToungman were faithful wives of missionaries and were laid to / We often forget what a wealth of his¬ rest here. tory is associated wilh our immediate sur- Susan Parch and her husband were at I «°mndlI'gS' J” a Way the I)eoPle kfiow Gnadeuhutten, near where now Lehighton somewhat about those things which are 's> during the terrible massacre on Nov. i written upon the pages of history, hut if 24, 1755. A new chapel had been built a stranger should ask the average citizen by the Moravians in 1754, and the im¬ tha '^fr h!m l0,?urae Points of interest poverished Indians were helped along rLhi 1 " rwould Perhaps refer to the under the direction of the Moravians of Bethlehem Iron Company’s monster Bethlehem. A difference arose among .plant, and then would know of no other the Indians in the settlement and those | point of interest to speak about outside. In spite of great caution, it soon , '* "‘l4 *•>»» our citizens do not know became evident that trouble was coming, the hi t ^orey^hers have helped to make and help was on the way from Bethlehem’ i-yu°f th® nation. nor that they when suddenly, in the evening of Nov.’ ‘h l® slight anything noteworthy YVe 24, the mission house was attacked by the Sfeack^'"8 T d°S8’ and hostile Indians and burned, and many pective k f 6n0Ug t0 g0t “ pr°Per Pros- inhabitants were butchered. Among those who escaped was Susan Parch, she oni U*;Intef«F,1S S?hu,tze ,nst night spoke effecting her flight by leaping from a A merest mg It ems Concern ing Old window and hiding in the forest until she 48

A donation ofi^S) was made to the mis- 1 ,as met by the rescuing soldiers. She sion on the Mosquito Coast. The museum , then went to the West Indie* as mission- committee acknowledged the receipt of a i arv, and came buck to Bethlehem to find large collection of spears and weapons her’rest in this cemetery. . . , from the missionary in Australia and . Rosina Neubert is one of the original several verv interesting relics from A. S. seventeen young women who covenanted Schropp, of Bethlehem. to devote their lives to the mission service at home. The "sisters’festival’ of today is in memory of this sacred pledge. lle,r marriage to Christian Neubert was the firs! to be celebrated at Herrnhut. Ca!hari,m Vaik and Anna Kline were 1 From, mentioned as true workers who were not wives of ministers or missionaries Both parents of Maty Anna Hath were 2.. killed by the Indians in 1755, and she ' til threatened with death by burning until she consented to marry a young m*. /zVs/jr?. Indian. She escaped and came to Beth¬ r lehem, and lies buried with her 5 year old > / • son in’the old cemetery. Manv more famous women were men¬ F "" ___ tioned.' Twelve bishops lie buried in the God’s acre. Peter Brown Youngman and John Heckewelder were fellow workeis EARLY WORK OF W'a immber of Indians who had been con¬ THE pRAYIflNS; vened and were workers in the church were spoken of, and their various branches of usefulnes described. THE MOTIVES WHICH LED THEM TO | Among soldiers whose graves are decor¬

ated on Memorial Day was William Jones, SETTLE IN THIS COUNTRY. at one time secretary of the Umted States Navy, whose career was described in bat nrdav’s fJ IM.ES, BROUGHT THE GOSPEL TO THE INDIANS Peter Rose, another soldier,who was the

first Moravian that went to war, he fight¬ The Moravians Were Not Driven to This l ing against the French, and KaHta and Country by Any Religions or Political j Heine have war records, Kafka was with hianoleon in his war in Egypt,_and_heaid Oppression at Home, But Came as True | Missionaries—First Settlement in Pennsyl- i i Napoleon make thatWamous remark in the shadow of the great pyramid. Heine vania Made in 1743, in the Neighborhood entered the German army and fought of Bethlehem, Then a Settlement of against the French. And now they rest Scarcely a Year’s Growth-How the Mora¬ peacefully side by side, after fighting one vians Are Best Known To-Day. ,\ another for years, in the old Moravian; Cemetery. „ , t i Among those soldiers of our late war Special Correspondence of The TIMES. the speaker mentioned the Fickarut Reading, December 4. brothers, who laid down their young lives Among the early German settlers in this js for their country, their ages being not country ivas a reiigious body whose motives a quite 18 and 20 respectively. The in¬ for emigration to the wilds of an unexploied scription on their stone, said the speakei, territory are claimed to be the purest that is very appropriateandtouching: "Lovely had actuated any of the people that came in their lives, in their deaths they here in those perilous and uncertain times. were not divided.” Still other well The Moravians claim alone to have been in¬ | known young Bethlehem soldiers, also spired by the true missionary spirit in for- • 1 mere bovs, resting in the cemetery are saking ancestral palaces, honorable positions ^ I Jonathan K. Taylor, Clarence Kamp- and comfortable homes and casting their £ mann, and John Hagan. A number of lot among the humble beginnings of a new’ others were spoken of and reference was life and a new country, the various self- , made to inscriptions upon the stones. seeking motives that have ever actuated, Applause greeted thespeaker when his re¬ this adventurous undertaking being con- j marks came to a close. Refreshments were served to all pres¬ spicuously absent in the case of this re- s ent and during the time they were being ligions sect. enioyed William Leibert explained the To-day, the Moravians or Brethren, who t uses of a number of articles received from were the outcome of the labors of John Huss, ) Australia, used by the blacks. who constituted the first Protestant Church At the business meeting two life mem¬ and who had suffered such frightful mar¬ bers were received and four new mem >ers tyrdom as to win the title of “Church of proposed. Missionary E. L. Weber was the Martyrs”—to-day this denomination is made a life member by some of the mem¬ in point of fact the very least of the many bers present. __ religious sects that abound in our land, and j they attained this rating through a broad and' self-renouncing policy in the manipula- THE FIRST HOUSE BUILT IN NAZARETH, PA., NOW USED AS A LIBRARY FOR THE MORAVIAN . HISTORICAL SOCIETY

tion of their affairs during their early history ceeded to Bethlehem, at that time a settle I here. ment of scarcely a year’s growth. Count Zin- Missionaries to the Indians. zendorf, the most distinguished of these Mo¬ The Moravians were not driven here by ravians, a native of Dresden, was a religious religious or political oppression at home, enthusiast, whose theological bent withstood but came as true missionaries to bring the every effort to turn him to more practical gospel to the Indians and the white settlers affairs in life. He had been reared by his who- were without religious guidance. They grandmother, a woman of pious zeal, and he seem to have been centuries in advance of became so strongly imbued with her ten¬ their day and generation in the breadth and dencies that when a child he wrote letters liberality of their practices, never seeking to the Lord and threw them out of the win¬ to make proselytes or converts to their faith° dow in the hope that they would reach their ■ ■ but merely to awaken a religious sense, and destination. A course of study at Witten¬ invariably consulted those whom they had berg failed to direct him from his true bent, succeeded in arousing In this manner as to as did also a position conferred on him bv the special faith to which they desired to his government, which he filled for six years be attached. Their purpose was the moral, giving it scarcely any attention, and con¬ tinuing his theological studies. spiritual and religious advancement without regard to creed. They furnish a unique At the time of the Moravian revival in spectacle among the early immigrants be¬ Moravia he established the celebrated Herrn- cause of their good wordly condition in the hut on his own dominions, taking part in old country. There were wealthy noblemen the preaching and educating of the com¬ and learned. German professors from the munity. When this enthusiast arrived in first universities who gave themselves and Pennsylvania he tried to unite ail the Ger¬ their possessions freely to the cause of man Christians in the State into one church evangelizing and educating all whom they under the name of the “Church of God in i couid reach with their influence. the Spirit,” which effort is eloquent with The first attempt was to establish a mis¬ the self-forgetful policy that characterized sion in Georgia among the Indians and ne^ro the work of the Moravians throughout. The slaves, and this was placed in charge of a vast wealth of the count was bequeathed to professor from the University of Jena whose the order for which he had labored all hie reaming may be understood from the fact life and whose obligations he assumed. The that Latin was the medium of communica¬ brethren would not bear arms, but by peace¬ tion between himself and the authorities, at ful measures they served a patriotic part home The Moravians were non-combatants Their great influence with the Indians pre¬ and they therefore refused to bear arms vented many massacres during the French against the Spaniards, which caused this and Indian wars. In the revolutionary war they kept many powerful tribes of Indians P^S‘°n, to.Prove a failure. At this time ennsylvania mis in a confused state of neutral, while the hospital work which they religious . disorder—numberless creeds and did for the Continental army was praise¬ c worthy in the extreme. few ordained ministers Petitions had been repeatedly sent to the German court preach¬ The Monuments of Their Faith. ers at London and also to Germany for min- [ We probably know the Moravians best to¬ t(? fil1 the great void, but without suc- day through their celebrated boarding minist^r-611!, Count. Zinzendorf sent Moravian schools, which have survived all these ion" ministers here without salary. years. As early as 1746 at least fifteen The First Moravian Colony. boarding schools had been established, the brethren at Nazareth bearing the expenses heroeTtf \fth«n 3 century after the of all the missionary and educational work 1 landwl on L Mayflower had been safely There were at this point a “Church of the n A £ * sh01'es of ypw England, the Pilgrims ’ and the “Koine Congregation./* I l^S to PhUar^ ir0UgM a C°l0Dy 0f iIorav- The “Home Congregation” labored to sup¬ '1 Pilgrims who W! !3 consistin£ of fifty-seven port the pilgrims, who at a day’s notice de¬ Con

me water for the first time. The Bethlehem Water Company .pition labors are a few congregations scat- incorporated February 24, 1S43 ! tered through a few cities in this State and water works with modern machinery ar ' the hoarding schools at Bethlehem, Ivaza- capacity is now owned and operated by reth and Lititz; the Moravian Seminary for the borough. i I Young Ladies at Bethlehem, established m The water continues to buoble ioitn : 1785- the Linden Hall Seminary for \onng from that same spring as it did 150 and Ladies at Lititz in 1794; the Boarding School more years ago, and in such abundance for Boys in Nazareth in 1785, though these and purity that this generous Moravian /l-ite practically from before 1750. The Influ¬ town would gladly share her supp y ® ence of the teachings of these institutions wholesome water with Philadelphia in down to the present day is too well reco„ her present somewhat troublous.. water supply situation. An artesian well is i B The zealo^ anTlea^ned brethren have be¬ now also in full operation near the old queathed Uttle else than these pacific menu spring. The photograph shows the old S Of their sweet and loving servme tc stone building, which was the first mill God and man. in the United States that produced oat meal the supply formerly being obtained! in Canada. The windmill work was the masterpiece of that ingenious millwright Christian Christensen. It was origmaUyL a combination of mills, there being works I for grinding flaxseed and pressing oil, for boiling barley, spelt and mfiiet, for splitting peas, stamping and rubbing | hemp and for grinding bark for the tan-i nery. _

From,

y ?y. #21 Miillil 5® ttDn® Date, r I. O- x- «■ c ... — — PRECIOUS RELICS

Bethlehem, Pa., Jan. 26.—Bethlehem claims the distinction of having erect¬ In the Possession of the Bethlehem ed the first water works in the United Moravian Seminary. States. The town was founded in One of the most important matters that engaged the attention of this Moravian PARTS OF THE PENN TREATY ELM settlement was the water supply. For¬ tunately, near the banks of the.Monocacy Creek (the Indian name for Creek of Some Interesting Facta In Connec¬ Many Benda), there was a never-failing tion With Penn’a Treaty With spring of pure cold water, which has the Indians at Philadelphia formed the water supply of Bethlehem In 1683 Under the Elm. from its founding up to the present time. Until 1754-55 the water for the use of “Since last summer,” says The Mirror, o: the community was distributed by wa¬ the, iMoravian seminary, Bethlehem, “on- ter carriers, or haulers, formally dele¬ seminary has been in proud possession o: gated for the purpose. two precious relics, which adorn our mai In the Spring of 1754 Hans Christopher entrance hall and parlor; a center table an Christiansen began the erection of the two chairs made of the wood of thi elj first water works m the old mill, built tree under which Wm. Penn made his fa in 1743, burned down in 1763 and rebuilt in 1765. A pump of lignum vitae was mous treaty with the Indians in 1682. Th* made and the water forced through furniture was secured from J. B. Zimmel wooden pipes up the hill into a wooden of Bethlehem, whose recent article in T' reservoir, situated where the Moravian Lutheran on the subject will be of intere Church now stands. The reservoir had to our readers and is herewith reproduce' an elevation of seventy-one feet above “Thirty-five years after the discovery the spring. elm In 1761 Christiansen began the con¬ i America by Christopher Columbus an struction of more powerful machine*y» | and on July 6, 1762, the ncvfPUfflP raised |

rx • - ' • Iff*--' sapling began its growth on what is now a portion of the site of the City of Philadel¬ sale of all her effects that had been storeu in Bethlehem. phia, and which as it made its growth from year to year, was destined to become one of “Over a quarter of a century ago the elm the historical trees of America. In Novern tree lumber was converted into an octagon ber, 1682, Wm. Penn made his celebrated pillar table and two leather-seated arm treaty of peace and amify with the Dela¬ chairs, which came into the possession of ware Indians under its wide-spreading the writer of this article, and who is fre¬ branches. quently asked for them when a loan exhi¬ “Wm. Penn sailed from England in the bition of old relics is shown, such as the summer of 1682, in a vessel called The sesqui-centennialof the founding of Beth- Welcome, for the shores of the Delaware lehemorthe dedication of the memorial bay and river on the borders of which lay a tablet by the Sons of the Revolution, on broad domain that had been granted to Colle^f °whe Moravian Seminary and Penn by Charles II, to cover a claim of College for Women, on last June, and they £16,000. .always prove a great center of attraction “The Swedish settlers who were here to the lovers of the antique. before him received him with great joy Benjamin West has commemorated the when he landed in October. iscene of the treaty in a most beautiful “After making some arrangements with painting now hanging in the Colonial these colonists, Penn proceeded up the museum in the Philadelphia state house, in month following to Shackamaxon, now the Perh^r ‘V116 WeSt °f lDdeP^dence hall. northern part of Philadelphia, and there Perhaps a charge of anachronism might be under the venerable elm tree he made a made against it, as the houses in the back¬ treaty with the Indians, not for their lands, ground appear to have gone up with sur but for peace and friendship, the only prising rapidity. He also represents Penn treaty which was never sworn to, and of ™ °!l WhereaS he was * young man never broken. Ponn then began the found¬ y rs o age, but the grouping and ing of the City of Philadelphia, which be¬ coloring are magnificent. came the largest and most populous city of The Penn society has erected a stone the colonies and after the independence of monument on the site where the elm tree the colonies from Great Britain was the stood, near the intersection of Beach and capital of the country until the removal of Hanover streets, in a small grass covered spot called Treaty park. covered the same to Washington, D. C., in the be- ginning of this century. The following is a copy of the inscriptions on this monument: “The elm tree under which Penn made his treaty with the original owners of this North side.—“Treaty ground of William country was always held in High venera¬ Penn ^ and the Indian nation. Unbroken tion, and even when the British army 1777- 1778, held Philadelphia in possession, Gen¬ PeD“' m eral Howe, their commander, gave strict instruction for its; care and preservation West side.—“Placed by the Eenn gociet I from destruction. 827, ^to mark the site of the great elm tr - e. “The tree stood on land belonging to Jehu Eyre, a nd after becoming 238 years East mde.—“Pennsylvania founded 1681 by deeds qf peace. old, as shown by the consecutive rings made by its yearly growth, it was blown down by a gale in March, 1810. The cir¬ cumference of its trunk was twenty-four feet. The wood was converted by art into a great variety of forms for future preserva¬ tion and thus it was that an important part j of this historic tree was transferred' to Bethlehem, as the heritage of Miss Mary Eyre, who was for a number of years a pupil in the Moravian seminary and a resi- dent after graduation, of the town, liying on Market street, opposite the old Moravian cemetery. “After her marriage to the Cherokee chief, Colonsl Downing, she removed to the Indian Territory, where she died in Tale- quah. The elm -tree lumber, how¬ ever, was stored in the Gemein house in Bethlehem, and her exec utor, Di. Peter a. Keyser, made a pub <- ‘ Tffceovery of as Pennsylvanians, il’ERESTING EVES! in the festivities of of our great commonwealth; as scendants of noble colonists, we gl Celebration of the Genesis of Muh¬ participated in- the centennial of the Declaration of Independence; as citi¬ lenberg College. zens of the great republic, we hailed the day on which the centennial of the HISTORICAL ADDRESS BYDR.SCHASTZ inauguration of the first President of the United States filled many hearts, with gratitude to God; as Christians, He Describes in an Entertaining: Style the we annually commemorate the great Early Educational Forces at Wort in This events in the life of the Incarnate Son City and Which Have Resulted in the of God, the Savior of the World; as Establishment of Muhlenberg;. Protestants, we observe with deep in¬ terest the jubilees and centennials of The cam pus of Muhlenberg; Collette the great Reformation of the sixteenth presented a most pleasing appearance century as castors and members of yesterday afternoon, tilled as it was congregations in this western world, with men and women, who strolled Wo never fail to take an interest in over the green sward, or, seated on the various festivals that commemo¬ benches, listened to the musio of the rate the organization of congregations Allentown Band and the addresses of and the formation of ministeriums, the speakers. The occasion was the re¬ synods and general ecclesiastical union of the students of the Allentown bodies. We cannot refrain from com¬ Seminary, the Collegiate Institute and mending the custom that is becoming Military Academy and Muhlenberg yearly more general, of having great College, in connection with the oele‘ reunions of families, at which the an¬ bration of the fiftieth anniversary of cestors, who came from the old father¬ the occupancy of the college grounds land and settled in this country are for educational purposes. It was tfie not forgotten and the history of fami¬ largest gathering of lormer students lies descended from them'is most care¬ and graduates held on those groundsill fully traced. Whilst the family, the many years, and many a friendship State and the church are Important S Was renewed and acquaintanceship re¬ factors in the life of the individual and called and boyhood days gone over those of common parentage, the pros¬ again. . perity of the commonwealth and the The college was deoorated in tbe na¬ tional colors. The exercises were pre¬ republic and the growth of the king¬ dom of our blessed Lord, we must not ceded by a band concert of about three ignore the existence, the importance quarters of an hour. Rev. Dr. Seip and influence of educational institu¬ presided. Rev. Dr. F. J. F. Schantz, of Myerstowu, whoso address follows, was tions and ever recognize as true that the first speaker. Impromptu remarks when proper schools are neglected the were then made by Rev. Dr. Jacob I ry, family, the state and the church must of Mt. Airy Seminary; Dr. Samuel and will suffer. Laird, president of tbe Synod, and Rev. “No apology need be offered for the observance of the semi-centennial of Dr. W. R. Hofford. Rev. C. J. Cooper then read a uumber of letters of regret, the first occupancy of the grounds of among them being those of J. H- Mc¬ Muhlenberg 1 College for educational Cracken, Esq., Newark, N. J.; ^rge purposes. Some of us had tbe pleasure W. Terriberry, Paterson, iN.J.; D. C. of attending, in 1858, the decennial of Glasser, Dubuque, Iowa; Dr. Joel 1. the Allentown Seminary opened here Rossiter, Baltimore; Dr. George 3. Eys- in May, 1848. Many were present at ter Boston; H. R. MoKelby, Pittsburg; the quarter centennial festivities in Judge O. P. Beohtel, Pottsvilie; Peter 1873. The great reunion at the quarter B. Ridgvvay, Rahway, N. J., and Henry centennial of Muhlenberg College in Brown, Baltimore. 1892, was an occasion of great joy Rev. F. Berkemeyer , pronounced tfie the many, who participated in benediction. It may bo of interest to same. Well might the pupils of the mention that Rev. Berkemeyer was one earlier years wonder whether they of the four students that were the first would be spared to unite with the to enter the Allentown Seminary fifty students of subsequent years in the vears ago. The others were Henry observance of the semi-centennial. The Wilson, Rev. F. J. Mohr and a boy horror of the appointment to delive: named Snyder. the address on this joyful, interesti JJU SCHANTZ'S HISTQKICAU AUD11ESS. and profitable occasion is greatly s The address o£ Rev. F. J. F. Schantz, predated. It is not necessary to p D D of Myerstowu. was ns follows : sent to-day in an extended address th '“As Americans, We rejoiced in ob¬ full history of the schools conduct© serving the quarto}-centennial of the nere in tHe past 50 years? The histori | of the Homeopathic College, on Penn cal address delivered at the quarter- Street, was in charge of the widow of centennial celebration on June 25th, the lamented Rev. Andrew Young. 1873, was published in a large supple¬ ; Mr James Lee had a good private ment of the Daily News, of Allentown, i school on Union Street, below Eighth, and covered more than 10 columns. j Public schools were held In the large The history of Lehigh and Carbon .. temperance building on Union Street Counties, published in 1884, contains and in other buildings in other parts of Bn extensive article on Muhlenberg ; the town. The medical and legal fra- College, furnished by the worthy presi¬ , ternities were fully and ably repre¬ dent of the college, the Rev. Dr. T. L. sented. Allentown had a number of Seip. The Memorial Volume prepared public houses, stores and workshops by the Rev. Dr. S. E. Ochsenford and for various artisans. In 1848, the town published in 1892, in which year the bad‘no railroad. Stages reached Al¬ quarter centennial of Muhlenberg Col¬ lentown daily from the four points of lege was celebrated, contains a full the compass. In summer, merchandise history of the institution to the year was shipped and received by njeans of 1892. The “Jubilee” published by the the Lehigh Carnal; in winter, by means Jubilee Committee of the Ministeriurn of large freight wagons. The towik of Pennsylvania, in connection with had then no telegraph and no illumi¬ the observance of the sesqui-centennial nating gas. It was well favored by the of the Ministeriurn in this year, con¬ publication of good German and Eng¬ tains a valuable history of the insti¬ lish weekly papers. Rev. S. K. tution, prepared by the Rev. Dr. Seip, Brobst, of blessed memory, had al¬ and. has been placed with many fam¬ ready in 1847, commenced the publica¬ ilies. tion of the Jugend-Freund. Daily “How then shall the duty with which j papers were received from Philadel¬ the speaker has been intrusted be dis¬ phia. charged on this occasion ? Some years “Some of us here to-day, witnessed ago a gentleman remarked that he had on Ascension' Day, June 1st, 1848, the heard a lecture on Martin Luther, de¬ great fire at Allentown, which de¬ livered by a celebrated doctor of stroyed all the buildings fronting on divinity and heard nothing new ! That the north side of Hamilton Street, be- remark has not been forgotten and has : tween Seventh and Eighth Streets, led to the question whether our jubi- and nearly all the buildings on the i lelles, centennials and quarto-cen- scuth side of Hamilton Street, between , nials are for the purpose of saying the same streets, and a number of something new, or for the purpose of buildings in other parts of the town, impressing properly on the minds of i The afternoon of June 1st, 1848, and the all that which is true. Some of us night that followed will never be for¬ here to-day had the pleasure of resid¬ gotten. Great wras the destruction of ing at Allentown already in April, property and great the distress that 1848. My home was previous to that was brought to many families. The time at the head of Cedar Creek. We fire started in the afternoon. Our had good public and private schools. home was on South Seventh Street. My sainted mother was anxious to Residents on South Seventh Street, locate at Allentown to afford her | fearing the destruction of their dwell- ycunger sons the opportunity of at- ■ j in.gs, were busily engaged in removing tending schools of a higher grade. I the contents. I well remember a gen¬ shall never forget the greetings I re¬ tleman, who appeared in front of our ceived from the good town boys, who, j. home and not only expressed his deep¬ as I was then not even as tall as I am est' sympathy, but also offered a room now, feared no danger, when they in his residence to store valuable called me ‘buschknippe!.’ articles and to share the comforts of “Allentown, now the queen city of his home. That gentleman was the the Lehigh Valley with a population of Rev. Christian Rudolph Kessler, the more than 35,000, had then about 3,700 j founder of the Allentown Seminary. I inhabitants. It wgs an inland country- have no recollection of having seen town, with Court House and jail. It Rev. Mr. Kessler before that after¬ then had one Lutheran, one Reformed, noon. I had soon occasion to go to one Presbyterian, one Methodist Epis¬ Livingstone Mansion, the stately his¬ copal and one Evangelical Church. toric building, in former days the home The Allentown Academy, chartered in of the Livingstone family, and in more 1814, and in actual existence since 1819, recent years the home of prominent and in the building at the morthwest Allentown families. I well remember corner of Eighth and Walnut Streets the stone wall that extended along since 1827, was then in charge of com¬ Walnut Street, from Fifth Street to the petent instructors. Prof. R. C. Chand¬ Jordan, the beautiful park north and ler was then the principal. The Fe¬ the magnificent lawn south of the male Seminary in the south building 'wr ' At the opening of theTrst s good work was begun on year of Muhlenberg College an Sep in..... 1848, the day on which Allen¬ her 1867, the cornerstone of the new town Seminary was opened by Rev. building was laid and the building sub¬ Christian Rudolph Kessler, of the Re¬ sequently completed. Many changes formed Church. Whilst the mansion have since been made on the buildings afforded ample accommodations for a and on the grounds—the results of school of higher grade—a teachers’ which former students readily ob¬ seminary,the worthy founder met with serve Those who were students in old great disappointment. Proper patron¬ Trout Hall would be glad to see it to¬ age was wanting. The school opened day It would revive many pleasant with, four pupils and closed its 'first memories. The old students have, term of five months with eleven stu¬ however, lost less than was gamed y dents, four of whom had come to pre- its removal in improvements of the I pare for teaching. Had th4 founder ! not been a man of faith and earnest Pr,‘The Changes in the name ®f the in¬ prayer he would have succumbed be¬ stitution are evidence of changes of the fore the close of the first term. The character of the institution. The 1 cry was heard ‘Kessler’s school will school was named ‘Allentown Sem not set the Lehigh on fire’—and yet nary’ from 1848 to 1864 in the time of those who spoke thus proved to be the great Civil War. From 1864 to false prophets. Whilst the original 1865, it bore the name of ‘Allentown feature of the school was retained it Collegiate and Military Institute From was soon announced as a classical 1865 to 1867, it bore the name of Mili¬ school for boarders and day scholars. tary and Collegiate *^£*^1*1 At the end of the third term, in Sep¬ town, Pa.,’ and since 186/, A heais tn tember, 1849, a catalogue was printed. name ‘Muhlenberg College. It contained the names of 32 students. ™he friends of the institution were In the spring of 1850, the long stone at first comparatively few number building of one ;story, east of the man¬ hut increased with the growth of the sion, commonly called Trout Hall, was scboS. Rev. S. K. Brotot, tl^ugh h» refitted and arranged for a school whole life as ™r™ a dfe room. At the opening of the next Pennsylvania Germans ever had or term, May 1. 1850, there was a large may have now, had influenced Rev. increase of students. A number of Mr. Kessler to come to A11®nt°Jn * academy students had already, in the open a school. Christian P^tz and winter of 1849-50, entered the school Henry Weinsheimer, the _°™g c .With.me. In this summer, the heart of valuable property, proved to h the principal was cheered and the suc- friends of the institution and readi y i cess of the school secured. The cata¬ made all the improvements in prop logue of 1850-51 reported an attendance ertv as the same became necessary be¬ of 80 students. Such, then, was the fore it became the property of Muhlen¬ beginning of the institution founded berg College. Ministers and laymen 1 May 1, 1848, which continued to grow of"the various churches were earty I until 19 years thereafter it became friends of the institution. To-cRy we Muhlenberg College, which held its must not forget the many patrons who thirty-first commencement to-day. sent their sons from 1S48 to 1S98 a “And now as we endeavor to re¬ those who sent their darter,/ from view the history of the institution in 1851 to 1867 to this school. The 8 these 50 years, we may properly refer men who served as trustees “ c l_ first to the changes and improvements charter had been secured for the vo of the property. The parlor of Living¬ legate and Military Institute rendered stone Mansion was used as the school H services. The i room and an adjoining room on the served as a committee to secu - north side as a recitation room from scriptions for stocks and the sub¬ May 1, 1848, to March 31, 1850. In May, scribers for the stock to secure the 1850, Trout Hall was used as a school 1 purchase of the valuable room and one room in the mansion as when a full college was to be ess a recitation room. Boarders were ac¬ lished—must be remembered to-day commodated in the mansion, the resi¬ The services of those who served as dence of the principal. In the tall ^ trustees of Muhlenberg College the of 1851, the west wing of the college, surrender of stocks by almost all ot erected in the summer of 1851, was first the stockholders to the Mmistemum of occupied by three departments, the Pennsylvania, the purchase of schedar- primary and the academic for males, ships by numerous parties, the large and the female which was opened in and liberal contributions of many the fall of 1851, as Mrs., Young had friends towards the endowment of the closed her school. In the summer of college, and current expenses of the 1854, the central building _ of four same, the annual appropriation by the stories was erected and Livingstone Evangelical Lutheran Mimstenum of j Mansion was raised to three stories. ■Pennsylvania and direct contributi'd) n the spring of 1859, Rev. W- R- of congregations, members and friends Hofford, A. M., of the Reformed towards the support of the institution Church, a student of the Allentown df serve special mention on this occa- Seminary from the spring of 1850 to the fall of 1853, a graduate of Frank¬ sion. _ . i “The eminent instructors of the in- lin and Marshall College, an assist¬ sti ution in these 50 years, the simp e ant instructor of Rev. Mr. Phillips, be- mention of whose names is sufficient j came the principal of the seminary. to recall their valuable services, were He continued as principal to the close the following: Kev. Christian Rudolph of the winter term in March, 1864. This Kessler, A. M„ was the founder and was a critical period in the history of j principal of Allentown Seminary from the institution, the effects of the finan¬ 184S to 1855. He was assisted by cial crisis of 1857-58 were still felt and Messrs. John Weik, Wm. J. Marx, J. the war of the Rebellion opened in 1861 B Evans, C. L. Lochman, Rev. F. J. aud continued during his connection Mohr, Prof. C. F. Wullf, Prof. Fr. R. with the seminary. The associate in¬ Gerlac'h, Thomas J. Gross, Prof. C. F. structors in these years were the fol¬ Herrman, Rev. J. L. Kessler, D. D„ lowing: Rev. Dr. Kessler, Rev. Joshua Rev. J. Riale, Prof. C. V. Mays and Derr, H. LaRue, John Sykes, Prof. Misses Eveline Black, Melvina Stan¬ C. F. Herrmann, D. F. Sehoedler, P. ton, M. Wilson, L. J- Boyd and Mrs. Williard, A. M., T. Kessler and Misses N. Vogelbach. On account of impaired A. E. Avery, Maria Zerfass, Sarah health, Principal Kessler was obliged Hughes and Olivia Mease. to cease his labors in 1855 and on j “In 1864, the name of the institution March 4, 1855, he departed this life ; was changed to the ‘Allentown Col¬ aged only 32 years and 11 days. Many legiate and Military Institute’ and tears were shed on the occasion of his chartered with collegiate powers and burial, at which the Rev. J. S. Dubs, privileges by the legislature of Penn¬ D. D„ and the Rev. Henry Harbaugh, sylvania, March, 1864. The board of D. D„ preached the sermons. Those, trustees consisted of 17 members: Hon. : who were students with me, in his con¬ S. A. Bridges, president; Col. Henry j nection with the institution will say C. Longnecker, vice president; Jacob with me as I said at the quarter-cen¬ S. Diffinger, Esq,, secretary; Wm. S. | tennial In 1873: 'The school at Allen¬ Young, Esq., treasurer; Hon. R. E. town continues a lasting monument to Wright, Hon. J. D. Stiles, C. Pretz, his ability/, his devotion to his call¬ Thomas Jacoby, Charles W. Cooper, ing, his self-denying labors and his John H. Oliver, Henry We.nshe.mer triumphs of faith in his blessed Lord.’ Geo. P- Weil, John D. Hawaii, .Vm. M “Rev. Wm. N. Reynolds, D. D., of Burner, Thomas B. Wilson, Boas the Lutheran Church, was the princi¬ Elans man and Charles Kramer. The f pal of the Allentown Seminary from following constituted the faculty. Rev. 1855, previous to the death of Rev. Mr. M L Hofford, A. M„ president; Rev.| Kessler to September, 1857. In these Wm. R. Hofford, A. M„ vice president; years, 'he was ably assisted by the fol¬ Rev J S. Kessler, D. D„ Edward low irg instructors: Rev. J. S. Kess¬ Brodie Glosgow, G. A. Aschbach Hon. ler, D. D.. Rev. J. Riale, Prof. Luther Robert E. Wright, Major G. Ecken- H. Croll, Prof. E. J. Koons, Mons. J. dorff, Prof. C. F. Herrmann, Joel J. Germain Anglade, Mrs. R. M. Eyster, Rorrister and Ohas. H. Asay. The cir¬ Mrs. N. Vogelbach, and Misses M. J. cular of 1865-66 shows to whait extent Green, Catharine J. Reynolds, Ade¬ the institution had become a military laide S. Richards and a lady whose academy for the title had become name is not remembered. In the fall ‘Military and Collegiate Institute, Al¬ of 1857, Rev. Dr. Reynolds accepted lentown Pa.’ Rev. M. L. Hofford con¬ I the presidency of the Illinois State tinued as president and the names of University at Springfield, Ill. the following instructors appear in the “Rev. Wm. Phillips, A. M., of the circular of 1865-66: Rev. E J. Koons, Reformed Church, became the princi- A. M„ Rev. M. H. Richards, A. M„ j pal at the opening of the winter term, Rev. G. A. Hinterleiter, Rev. J. W. Nov. 1, 1857, and continued in the posl- Wood, A. M„ George Herman Rupp, F- tion to the close of the winter term, H Hutchings, W. W. Johnson, A. March 26, 1859. His co-laborers in in- Spangler and S. Hughes. The female | struction in these years were: Rev. J. department was continued but the S. Kessler, D. D., Rev. W. R. Hofford, names of the female students do not -A. M., Rev. Joshua Derr, Prof. C. F. appear in the catalogue. . Was this Herrmann, Mons, J. Germain Anglade, omission owing to the reason that the the late Capt. Jeremiah P. Sohindei, of tife of the institution should then have the U, S. A., and Misses S, A, Barrett been Military and Collegiate Institute and Laura P. Hill. At the close of and Female Seminary, Allentown, Pa.. the winter term, March 26, 1858, the “Rev. M. L. Hofford, A. M.,president, first decade celebration of the Allen¬ resigned in the spring of 1867. The m- town Seminary was suitably observed in the Reformed Church. strtuHofi-i^gr^TnuiTd -''until June 16, 186’, when it was closed as the Allen¬ called. He ‘made a grea.l town Collegiate and, Military Institute. becoming the president of The first board of trustees' of Muhlen¬ at its beginning, his.labors were ardu¬ berg' College was elected by the stock- ous, his trials were many, but his suc¬ holdrs on Feb. 2, 1867. The following cess in laying a good foundation and were the first trustees: Hon. R. E. building securely and successfully on Wright, Rev. E. J. Koons, A. M.,. the same, will ever endear him to Jonathan Reichard, Mr H. Horn, C. W. those interested in the welfare of the Cooper, Wm. Saeger, W. H. Blurner, institution. We regret that on account C. Pretz, E. J. Saeger, B. F. Trexler, of bodily infirmities the beloved octo¬ Rev. Wm. Rath, Rev. S. K. Brobst, genarian is not able to be with us to¬ Rev. J. Yeager, Rev. F. J. F. Schantz, day. .His deep interest in the college Lewis Klump, E. S. Shimer, Henry continues unabated. The call of Dr. WeinsheAmer and Samuel McHose. The Muhlenberg to the University of Penn¬ board met soon after their election and sylvania was a high honor to Muhlen¬ after proper organization elected the berg College. Rev. F. A. Muhlenberg, D. D., presi¬ “The second president of the college, dent of the college, which received the the Rev. Benjamin Sadtler, D. D., name of Muhlenberg College in honor 1877-1885, ia man of superior attain¬ of the memory of Patriarch Henry ments, for many years the faithful Melchoir Muhlenberg. The acceptance pastor of congregations, the warm sup¬

of the call by Rev. Dr. Muhlenberg porter of educational Interests, for gave great joy to all interested in the many years the principal of a female institution. The board of .Muhlenberg college and the president elect of Penn¬ College had charge of institution from sylvania College, entered upon his of¬ April to June 16, 1867, but continued the fice also well fitted for the arduous and course of instruction of the Collegiate responsible position of a president of Institute. The instructors from April a college. Under his administration, to June, 1867, were Rev. E. J. Koons, A. the colleg* continued to prosper and M., vice president of Muhlenberg Col¬ all regretted his resignation owing to lege, Rev. W. R. Hofford, A. M., Rev. bodily infirmities, the effects of in¬ S. Phillips, A. M., Mr. J. H. Brown juries received by a fall on ice in the and Miss A. Merriman. With the close winter of 1884. His interest in the wel¬ of the Collegiate Institute in June, fare of the institution continues un¬ 1867, the female department was dis¬ changed and his services are gratefully continued in view of the change from remembered by all. collegiate institute to a regular college “The third and present president of and in view of the superior advan¬ the college, Rev. Theodore L. Seip, D. tages afforded in distinct female col¬ D., entered upon the duties of the presidency in 1886. When in the spring leges. “-At the meeting of the Ministerium of 1860, I entertained in the parsonage of Pennsylvania in 1867, the following at Reading two students bound for were elected trustees: Rev. J. A. Seiss, their respective homes, one the la¬ D. D., Rev. G. F. Miller, A. M., A. W. mented Rev. Jacob B. Rath, of blessed Potteiger, Rev. W. J. Eyer, B. F. Trex¬ memory, then a. student in the Theo¬ logical Seminary at Gettysburg, and ler and Lewis Klump. Rev. F. A. Muhlenberg, D. D., as president of the the other a young man still connected college, became ex-officio president of with the preparatory department of the board of trustees according to the Pennsylvania Colleg'e, I had as one of provisions of the charter. Muhlenberg my guests the future third president College was formally opened in Sep- of Muhlenberg College. . Dr. Seip’s tembiy 1867. The inauguration of the thorough preparation by taking a full faculty took place in the Court House course in the college at Gettysburg, on September 3, and the laying of the and the three years’ course in the cornerstone of the addition to the col¬ Theological Seminary then in Phila¬ lege building on the following day. In delphia, his knowledge of men gained these 31 years, the college has had as whilst a soldier and later whilst in the professors and instructors men of service of the United States Christian character, scholarship, ability and con¬ Mission, his experience gained as a stant devotion to their work, of whom teacher during his theological course, any educational institution could have his connection with Muhlenberg Col¬ been proud. lege from the very beginning, his ex¬ “Its first president, the Rev. F. A. perience as the principal of the pre¬ paratory department and later as the Muhlenberg, D. D., came not as a incumbent of various chairs in the col novice. His long and varied experi¬ lege, his eminent services in securing ence as an instructor in- Frank¬ endowments for the institution and his lin College at Lancaster and as thorough knowledge of all the varied a professor in Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg had fitted biim for the im- wants of a Christian college, pre-emi¬ portant position to which he was nently fitted him for the position,which he has filled so well for more than 12 ■ ... - The recognitionofhisabilityandser¬ jcice inviewoft'heservicesrendered vices bythestate,educationalin¬ stitutions ofhighestrankandbythe marked theinstitutionintheseyears. by himandthesuccessWhichhas years. We Krotel, thenpastorofTrinityChurch Muhienberg College. come continuetobethepresidentof pray thathemayformanyyearsto church also,shouldleadallofusto victories withouttheaidofhismar¬ former ofthesixteenthcenturyhad which heshowedthatthegreatRe¬ at Lancaster,deliveradiscoursein as co-laborerseminentscholarsand the pleasureofhearingRev.Dr. shals andWashingtonsecuredthede¬ able instructorsandthataslittle livery oftheColonistsfrom Napoleon couldhavegainedhis also rememberthelaborsofas¬ ceeded inhisgreatworkbythebless¬ could thegreatReformerhavesuc¬ the aidofhisafolegenerals,solittle tyranny of'theBritishrulerwithout those whowereprofessorsandinstruc¬ ing ofGod,withoutthehelphis have madeMuhlenbergCollegewhatit the collegeinpast31years,with¬ sociate professorsandinstructorsin out whoseaid.thethreesuccessive presidents 'ofthecollegecouldnot life: DavisGarber,Ph.D.,Rev.Reuben tors, thefollowinghavedepartedthis has beenandwhatitisto-day.Of eminent co-laborers.Thuswemust Rath, A.M.,Rev.HansNikolausRies, Hill, D.D.,Rev.E.J.Koons,A.M., Yeager, M.D.Thefollowingarestill Rev. GeorgeF.Miller,A.M., the college:Rev.J.F.Fahs,Wm. living, butnolongerconnectedwith Nero Strassberger,D.D.,andT.C. Rev. B.W.Sc'hmauk,A.M.j Samuel Phillips,A.M.,Rev.JacobB. D. D.,Rev.FrederickW.Notz,Ph. Herbst, M.D.,Rev.Wm.R.Hofford, D., E.F.Smith,Ph.D„Rev.G. and Rev.R.F.Weidner,D. bers ofthefacultyandinstructors:' Spieker, D.D„N.W.Thomas,Ph.D.,t D., Rev.Wm.Wacke’rnageil.D. Rev. TheodoreL.Seip,D.D.,presi¬ dent: Rev.MatthiasH.Richards,D. Ettinger, Ph.D.,PhilipDowell,A.M.,s John A.Bauman,Ph.D.,GeorgeT.i Ph. B.,Rev.StephenA.Repass,D.D., Rev. JacobSteinbaeuser, HenryH. Albright, A.M.,M.D.,(Instructor). Herbst, A.M.,M.D.,and RoderickE. pare studentsforcollege, for teaching, ment, thedesignofwhich istopre-j College in1867,theacademic 'depart¬ the practical education andculturefor “Whilst astudentatcollege,Ihad for business, as welltogivethem “The followingarethepresentmem-j “Since theopeningof Muhienberg A. M.,1873-WiliamBeates. D. D.,1867-73;Rev.GeorgeF.Miller, following principals:*ev.T.L.Seip, 1873-78; Rev.A.R.Hprne,D.D..1878- 83; Rev.JohnKohlei-,D.D.,1883-85; ■services ofthosewhoservedasofficers! R. Merkel,A.^VC.,andF.G.Lewis,A. George T.Etitinge-r,Ph.D.,1885-92;J. M. Thesewereablyassistedbycom¬ petent instructors. of thehoard:Hon.R.E.Wright,1867; of -theboardtrustees:Presidents Rev. F.A.Muhlenberg,D.D.,1867-76; Rev. WilliamRath,A.M.,1876-86; Rev- S.A.Repass,D.Secretariesi A. M.,1867-69;ChristianPretz,1869-74; Gecrge F.Spieker,D.D.,1886,and of theboard;Rev.EdwardJ.Koons,I Rev. JacobD.Schindel,A.M.,1874-86; 1886. Treasurersoftheboard:Jona-j Rev. S.A.Ziegenfuss,D.D.,since Hill, D.D.,1883-84;Rev.C.J.Cooper,j than Rei’Cbard,1867-83;Rev.Reubenj What wouldtheUnitedStatesandj A. M.,alsofinancialagentsince1886.j without asecretaryofthetreasury? and ImayaskwhatwouldMuhlen¬ Commonwealth ofPennsylvaniabe i atourservicepresentthefollowing| berg Collegebeto-daywithoutits (totals ofattendance;1848-1849,32;1850-j tional institutionarenotitsbuildings, financial agent? present efficienttreasurerandactive not itsnames,notpatronsandbene¬ factors, not'itstrustees,itspro¬ fessors andinstructors,butitsstu¬ within itswalls.Thecompletelist benefited bytheinstructionreceived dents enrolledinthepast50yearsand We regretthatwedonothaveallthe give nearlyifnotfully1500names. of studentsfrom1848to1867would 1851, 80;1851-1852,128,(includingfemale “It isalsopropertorememberthe catalogues from1848to1867.Those, 1855, 167;1855-1856,142malestudents, students); 1852-1853,153;1853-1854,202,j logue; 1857-1858,154malestudents,49 logues, decreaseofstudentsduring female students,203;1859-1864,nocata¬ 58 femalestudents,200;1857,nocata-j war; 1865-1866,201miailestudents,fe¬ male studentsnotgiven. ume of1892containsthenamesall been graduated.TheMemorialVol¬ who attendedthecollegiateandaca¬ Jigures showthatbetween 3,000and the wholenumberto1898 is1771.These and thenumbergivento1892is1465, demic. departmentsfrom1867to1892 4,000 studentsattendedthe institution in 50years. “But thechiefgloryofoureduca¬ 50 years?A goodChristianeducation of theblessingsconferred bytheedu¬ cational workatthisplace inthepast is thegreatest blessingfortheindi- “In 31years,436youngmenhave “Who cangiveaproper presentation ■■■*-■ -‘-‘flWHKZ: ■oi rjlTfe.ha® vidua). Nothing on earth is to be the judge and the executive o compared with it. What is the posses¬ the citizens who are intelligent sion of great material riches if the pos¬ Christian are the men, through whom sessor be an ignorant and unchristian ‘God saves the Commonwealth.^ The man or woman. Our divine-human general, who not only plans cam¬ Savior asked ‘What shall it profit a paigns, but also prays that God give man if he shall gain the whole world success to the right, the soldier and and lose his own soul ?’ What is a sailor who have not only learned to home, where parents and children are fight but also to obey the great Cap¬ ignorant and ungodly ? Another wrote tain of Salvation, the men and women of home: •who serve in commissions of mercy With the same letter, heaven and home and minister to the sick and wounded begin, are all of greater service in so far as And the words dwell together in the they are both intelligent and Christian. mind; “The 'blessings of Christian education For they who would a home in heaven are also found in our educational in¬ win stitutions. Allentown Seminary was Must first a heaven in home begin opened as a teachers’ seminary in 1848. to find. It was found necessary to enlarge its Be happy here, yet with a humble curriculum to meet other wants, so as soul to secure a liberal patronage. Did not That looks for perfect happiness in the institution of various names from heaven; 1848-1867 furnish many most excellent For what thou hast is earnest of the teachers to public * schools and whole schools of a higher grade ? Which to the faithful shall ait last Has not Muhlenberg furnished be given. many men who are to-day profes¬ As once the patriarch, in a vision sors in colleges, professors in theologi¬ blessed, cal seminaries and instructors in fine Saw the swift angels hastening to institutions of a lower grade. Have and fro. net the churches also been receiving And the lone spot whereon he lay to the benefits of Christian education rbst made possible at this place in the last Became to him the gate of heaven 50 years ? The minutes not only of below, the synods of the Lutheran Church, Si) may to thee, when life itself is done, but also the Reformed, the Presby¬ Thy home on earth and heaven above terian, the Evangelical and other be one. churches contain the names of such as received their college training in this “What will make our homes such institution. Students of the institution happy homes, if the blessings of proper before 1867 and graduates of Muhlen¬ Christian education be wanting ? berg minister to-day in all parts of our “The blessings of a sound Christian I Republic and in foreign lands. The education are also noticed in the busi¬ churches have not lost but gained by ness relations of men. The tiller of the ! having a well educated ministry. When soil, the artisan in his workshop, the Muhlenberg- College was opened in 1867 superintendent and his employe in we could still hear men boast that they large manufactories, the merchant and could preach, although they had never the clerk in great business houses, been within the walls of a college. Not the president and the watchman of the long ago I heard a layman of a church, banking house, the president of the most of whose members, formerly railroad company and the flagman at spoke unkindly of college graduates, the dangerous crossing, the attorney- but most of whose members now make at-law who is to aid men in securing every effort to have a good college, to their rights, the physician who minis¬ train men for the'ministry, say that he ters to sick and the trained nurse who was amused by the remark of one watches by the >iedside of the suffer¬ of the old style of boasters, who de¬ ing, the editor of the daily or weekly clared that he was not in favor of col¬ paper and the ever-busy reporter, men lege graduation, that he could preach and women too in all .the different I well, although ’he had never been lines of 1 business prove to be the | graduated In a Geological Seminary i greater factors for good, when Christ¬ I “Let me encourage all who partici- ian education has made them better i p§te in this semi-centennial celebra¬ men and women. tion to thank God for the institution “In the affairs of the commonwealth that now numbers 50 years. We may and the Republic in times of peace and truly say that God has favored the in times of war the blessings of Christ¬ institution greatly. No ifire has de¬ ian education are also of great value. stroyed a building and no dissensions In the various branches of national in the board, the faculty or the body and state government, the lawmaker. of students have disgraced the institu sliieib ‘marEed with red sandstone. ODe tion. To thank God for the af antages enjoyed by us. A large number never of these still stands nearly erect, while took a full college course, but wer the other lies flat on a mound, both fitted for many positions of usefulness. moss-grown. None of the other graves Many of us-students before 1867-were seemingly had tombstones to tell who prepared here to enter colleges m other rested therein. Of the two gravestones localities. Since 1867, many enjoyed remaining, the inscription on one is almost the advantages of the academic de¬ obliterated, while that on the other reads as partment and then with others the full follows: “Hir Ruhet Anna Cadhirina Mot¬ college course. . rin, 1st Geboren 1733, and Gestorwen 1775 “Continue to love our institution. Den 18 August. Mein leib Ruhet In der erd The man who turns against or ceases Doch komt entllch auch die zeit das ihr mich to love his God, his country, his home dort sehen wert in der F^en ewigkeit. and his family is despised by all right thinking men and who has ever gained The lettering is still plain enough to be read, the respect of others by showing that , and the stone is in a fair state of preservation. he no longer loves his alma mater . The yard is in a dilapidated condition, it Resolve to do by prayer, speech and being uhfenced and partly under cultivation. acts, whatever lies in the power of the individual to advance the interests of ,r W • the institution, that future generations may also enjoy rich advantages. Re¬ member that the day may not be dis¬ tant when Muhlenberg will move to From, 'MAh?. have new buildings and an enlarged faculty Allentown is the queen city of the Lehigh Valley, but why should ■-* " ’ .. » .1_4 h AfiA i n VlO this great city of nearly 40,000 inhabx- i tants allow Easton to point to the fine buildings of Lafayette College on Col- I lege Hill and Bethlehem to the mag¬ nificent buildings of the Lehigh Uni¬ versity, without wishing that Muhlen- j fierg College might also have build¬ ings that would^add to the beauty and INTERESTING DOCUMENT. j glory of the Queen City of the Valley. I We trust that when Muhlenberg Col- A CALL TO REV. JACOB JOHNSON j lege will resolve to enter upon the new TO PREACH TO THE SETTLERS departure, Allentown will claim the IN WILKES-BARRE. I honor of furnishing -the new adequate buildings, and the former students of There Is shown in the window of William Puckey & Bro., where it has the institution and the Ministerium of been suitably framed, an interesting Pennsylvania provide for the increased document of the last century. It is a endowment of the college.” letter written in 1772, in which Rev. Jacob Johnson of Groton, Conn., ac¬ cepted a call to preach to the settlers of Wilkes-Barre. Mr. Johnson was the first pastor of the Wilkes-Barre set¬ tlement, other, than transients, and From,.. labored here from 1772 until his death . in 1797. His grave on Westfield Hill, at the head of Franklin street, was an object of local interest for many I dZLJzzLgk. years, but his bones found a final rest¬ ing place in Hollenback Cemetery, where they are marked by a granite monument bearing an inscription nar¬ DuteSl^/ / ¥ / FjF rating his life and labors. The corner stone of the First Presbyterian Church bears date 1772, Mr; Johnson’s coming marking the establishment of that con¬ gregation. The old document was in the An Old Burial Ground. collection of the late Sheldon Reynolds / On the farm of the late Keuben Helfrlch, in and was presented by Mrs. Reynolds to (Whitehall township, about a hundred yards Dr. F. C. Johnson, a great-grandson of the pioneer preacher. The letter is as | from Helfrioh’s Mill, and near the public follows: : road leading to Sherersvilla^fhere is located Groton Septr 4th, 1772 a very old graveyard, located it is believed, To the People, Setters in the Towns, on soon after that section Was first settled, the East Branch of the Susquehanna.. Brethren & Christian Friends whioh was in the year 1787. It was origi¬ The Country where You are now Set- nally about fifty feet square. It Is related by tleing is undoubtedly within the claim old people residing in the neighborhood that of Connecticut Charter And of vast about one hundred bodies were laid to rest importance to the Colony and more par¬ ticularly so to you that are Settleing In it, though now but two graves are to be ■.here not onefy on account ot your -r Temporal Interest but more esP®®*.;? so as it Respects the Kingdom of Christ! & the Interest of the Christian Re¬ THE FOGELS A PROMINENT ligion This hath lain with great weight on my mind for a number of years past that I could have no Rest in my Spirit They Filled Many Positions of Trust and Re¬ till I made you a visit And I hope my sponsibility and Were Interested in Meas¬ Labors were not in vain in the Lord And whereas You have been pleased ures and Projects Which Tended to Request & Desire me to come again to the Good of the Community. —as also the Comte at Windham have: Shewn their approbation thereof & full Fogelsville, the pretty village in Up¬ concurrence therein-And having op¬ per Macungie, is one hundred years portunity the Day past to Confer with old. It was in 1798 that John Fogel Capt. Butler on these things As also built on its site a hotel and thus found¬ to receive from him a Subscription for ed the village. He was' a son of John my Temporal Support the Present year I do now in Addition to my other Let-( Fogel, and was born in 1774. He was a ters Send you this Further to let you prominent man in his day, and his de¬ know my Purpose & Determination is scendants have kept up that promi¬ to come & See you To preach the Gos¬ nence. He was a grandson of Philip pel of Christ unto you Provided my Gabriel Fogel, who oame from Bucks Way be made plain by the Advise of county. In accordance with the wish Counsel & Concurrence of church & People here which I Shall next attend of his father he learned the dyeing to_Our People have had it under con¬ Irade, hut the calling, singly, was too sideration for Some Time past I have circumscribed for him, and he accord¬ conferd with Some & had the minds of ingly abandoned it aud built the hotel, others in the Ministry who all as far as and in connection with the conducting I can learn well approve of & think it , of it carried on his trade, and also a mv Duty to Remove I have confera general store, aud in between superin¬ with Several of our Principal People both of church & Society who much tended his farm, prospering in all lines. Desire my Continuation in the Ministry Later he erected a dwelling on the prop¬ here But yet appear willing to Sub¬ erty, now in the possession of Levi mit to my Remove if it may be for the Kramlicb, in which he resided many greater benefit enlargment of Christs years. The family gave many of its Kingdom elsewhere which I doubt not members to public service, such as will be sufficiently plain & Evident be¬ J udge Fogel, Surveyors Willoughby^ind fore a Counsel If anything Should fall out to the Contrary I shall let you know Solomon Fogel, Coroner Benjamin by the first opportunity In the mean Fogei, Judge Willoughby Fogel and time shall be makeing all convenient Representatives Beujamiu aud John Readiness to be on my Journey to you H, Fogel. Others attained to distinc¬ at lest by the Middle of the next month tion in other channels of public useful¬ or sooner if I can get the way open for ness and endeavor. my Remove You will I hope provide Some Conven¬ Phillipp Gabriel Fogel was the ances¬ ient House or Place for Public Worship tor of the Fogel family. In 1731 the that may best commode the Several ship “Samuel,” with one hundred and Towns for the Present near unto which seven emigants, landed at Philadelphia. a House or Place for my Residence un¬ Among these is found, in the colonial till things are further Settled I heart¬ records, the name of Philip F. Fogel, ily thank you one & all for your Re¬ gards Shewn & kindnesses bestowed but it should be Philipp Gabriel Fogel. on me when with you As also for the The spelling of these old German names m Provisions you have generously made was terribly mutilated in English by - bv Subscription Should I again come the officers at Philadelphia, and through among You I heartily & Sincerely pray this Frederick was substituted for a Blessing may descend down from Gabriel. The subject of this sketch Heaven upon you that the God of all came from the province Hanau, in Grace & everlasting consolation may be with you That He would multiply seed Churhesse, his being one of the first Re¬ to the Sower & Bread to- the eater that formed families that settled in Lehigh vou may encrease & till the Land be a county. His children were born in Ger¬ Terror to all your Enemies a comfort man y,and all were grown when they and to all your Friends Yea that You may¬ their parents emigrated to America. be for a Name & Praise in all the Earth The family lived a few years in Bucks So wishes So prays Yours in our Lord Jesus Christ . county, and emigrated with others in Jacob Johnson 1734 or 1735 to the territory now inoluded To the People in Albany and Lynn townships. They at Wilks Barre & settled at the Schochery Ridge, near f, The other Towns on Lynnville. There they owned about The Susquehanna , five hundred acres of land. The father East Branch died there, and was buried in the ceme¬ tery of the Ebenezer Church, at New Tripoli, of which he was one of the founders. He had four children—Con¬ rad, Johann, Jacob, and a daughter Fogetsville Has Attained a Right who was married to one Weber, whose Venerable Age. descendants still live on a part of the in the German language. Nothing re¬ [original tract of land. Jacob moved to mained for those people who wanted Philadelphia, and later to one of the I their children educated in English ex¬ Southern States; Conrad Fogel was the cept to send them away from home.. oldest sou of Philipp Gabriel, and Solomon was sent to school atlbdadel- brought his family from Europe. He ohin where he remained hve jeais. had two sons—Johannes and Philipp, He was especially loud of matbe.mu.es and daughters. His brother Johannes and had decided to become a surveyor, married Conrad’s widow. but his father overruled his son s in¬ After the death of Conrad, about the clination and induced him to learn the time of the Iudian wars, Johannes business of a merchant. After return- - Fogel, with his family, moved to Upper i„g from school he entered as clerk in Macungic. Near the village of Fogels- one of the stores in Allentown. Hun g ville a new effort was made and a per¬ this t.me he and some other young » manent home established. Here be made an effort to establish the (list bought several farms from theSchweuk- Suuday school in Lehigh county, ibe felders. Possession of the land around churches were averse to what they Fogelsville had been taken by these deemed an innovation, but they sue people many years previous. Johannes ceeded in securing the Court House for Pogel left three sous—Jacob, Conrad, the purpose. Here they met for several Heinrich and daughters. The old home Sundays, but ihe Court House was also 'emaiued in possession of Conrad’s de¬ Closed to them. The Sunday school scendants, and was last owned by was something new and deolared a Judge Willoughby Fogel, and upon his ••nuisance." In 1825 he was married to leath became the property of Jonas Anna Stahler, of Upper Milford. He doyer. Philipp, the youngest son of soon entered upon an active business Jonrad, received a truot of laud near career and opened a general store m 1*3reinigsyille. Johannes Fogel, the old- Fogelsville, which commanded a large >st son of Conrad, inherited the farm trade all over the surrounding country. ate in possession of Hon. John H. Although he was successful at first, his Spogel. He was married to Rosiua inclination led him to other pursuits. Sehaed. They had three sons—John, He inherited several farms from his Jacob and Benjamin, and four daugh¬ father, but in farming he found no ters. Their home was noted for its hos¬ pleasure. He was appointed County pitality, and the poor were always wel¬ Surveyor by the Governor and after¬ come. John Fogel died when he was wards elected to the office for succes¬ [about sixty years of age, and was sive years. Often requested to give his [buried in the cemetery of the Trexler- name for the offioe of Justice of the town Church, of which he was one of Peace, he refused on account of a pm- the founders. His son, Jacob, became tial loss of bis sense of bearing. He the owner of the farm near Bath, yielded, however, at lot, was elected Northampton county, and Benjamin and commissioned April 30, 1861. re¬ received the farms at Fogelsville. elected to the office iu 18G6, and held it [Judge John Fogel was bora August 12, until his death, which occurred on Au¬ j 1774, and was the son of John Fogel. gust 22, 1668, in the 68th year of his age. His father was anxious that one of his He left two sons, Rev. Dr. E J. Fogel isous should learn the art of dyeing. and Llewellyn Fogel. The former John learned the trade, but this sphere occupies the homestead. Solomon was too narrow for lnm. He sought a Fogel was a man of an enter¬ larger field. Assisted by his father he prising spirit. He was one of the built the hotel in 1798, and founded first to take an active part in the Fogelsville. He worked at his trade, public works and enterprises of the kept hotel and a store. He also super¬ county, and his influence was always intended his farm, and continued to directed to promote the welfare ot his jirosper. Later he erected a dwelling fellowmen. For many years he was a on the property now in the possession director of the old Allentown Baiu. of Levi Kramlioh. in which he resided He was one one of the originators of many years. He served as Justice of the Lehigh County Almshouse. The the Peace and as Associate Judge of public school system found in him one ibe Lehigh county courts and dis¬ of its earliest and strongest advocates. charged the duties with fidelity. He He beaded the list of subscribers foi was married to Catharine Stettler, and the construction of the Lehigh Valley had two children—Solomon Fogel and Railroad, and took special interest in a daughter, Sallie, married to Jacob the building of- the Catasauqua and Sebaniz. He died September 7, 1838. Fogelsville Railroad, which brought His remains lie buried in the cemetery the iron mines in the township into the of the Fogelsville Church. market, and made its territory one of Solomon Fogel, was the only son of the richest in the State. This same Judge John Fogel and was born Febru¬ spirit led him to establish new enter¬ ary 11, 1801. Fogelsville at that time prises on his own behalf. A steam mill had no educational advantages to offer. and foundry, which he erected at The schools iu those days were espec^ Fogelsville, was premature and proved ially poor among tho German settle¬ unprofitable. This active and noble ments. Instruction was given mostly spirit was manifested no less m his *'

church relations. The progress of the church enlisted his warmest interest. was elected his successor, He was liberal and contributed largely filled various other positions . of hi9 means to the different objects of He was secretary of the Lehigh the church. Through his efforts an act Mutual Fire Insurance Compai.., was passed by the Legislature, Feb, 24, tary Public for three years, and ] 1860, incorporating the Fogels ville Male dent of the Lehigh Grain, Coal and Female Academy, bat for want of Lumber Company. patronage the school did not go into Most of the old landmarks of the vil¬ operation. lage have disappeared. The first build¬ Gen. Benjamin Fogel was born Nov. ing on the site of Fogelsville was the 8, 1701, at the old homestead near old Fogel tavern. The old stone build¬ Fogelsville. He was married to Anna ing in which Solomon and Willoughby Trexler. They had three sous—Wil¬ Fogel kept store is still standing, but liam B., Willoughby nud John H., and of iate years has been remodeled. The daughters. He carried on farming to tv» contains some very fine residen¬ successfully for many years, and re¬ ces. two taverns, two churches, an Odd tired to priyate life in 1847, after which Fellows hall, three schools, a grain de¬ he accumulated a large fortune. He pot and ctiop mill, and a number of owned three farms and other property^ small industries. A lime st one quarry which, upon his death, passed into the is situated nearby, which furnishes all bands of his children. He held many the stones used for building purposes, positions of trust, the duties of whicl: and supplies the surrounding country he discharged faithfully. Popular with lime. The village at one time had amongjall classes he wielded a large In¬ two savings banks, which, however, fluence in the affairs of the township closed during the panic of 1873. The and county in which he lived. Hon present estimated population of the John H. Fogel, his son, who was borr village is about 480. October 30, 1825, was an offioer on th staff of Gen. Robert S. Brown, with th rank of major, and represented th BETHLEHEM IE 1799 people of Lehigh county in the Legis lature of Pennsylvania from 1866 t of the Mo¬ 1869, and so great was his popularit An Interesting History that he was again elected in 1875. H ravian Settlement at That Pla ee. was also instrumental in securing th charter for the national bank at KutzJ town, and served as its president fo AJ ASCIENT AM) VERY RARE VOLUME eight yea-rs. Gen. Benjamin Fogel die March 5, 1860, after a few days’ illness, at the advanced age of 78 years and 4 Rev. John C. Ogden, Presbyter in the Pro¬ months. He was a plain, unassuming testant Episcopal Church in the United and exceedingly worthy man, held States, Writes of What He Saw and iJ'Kldy in esteem for his correct moral deportment, amiability of disposition, Heard Among the Moravians. honesty of intention, kindness of heart, Mr. Alvin P. Zeltner, of this oity, is everready in the hour of danger aud the owner of many rare and old vol- need to administer to the wants of his ntnes aud in his collection is one which fellow man, and of sterling integrity. he particularly cherishes. It is a small He served the citizens of Lehigh county book entitled “ An Excursion into as a member of the State Legislature Bethlehem and Nazareth in Pennsyl¬ for three years, and was also elected to vania, in the year 1799; with a Succinct the office of Coroner in 1884. History of the Society of United Breth¬ Willoughby Fogel was a son of Gen. ren, Commonly called Moravians, by Benjamin Fogel. He was born Febru¬ John C. Ogden, Presbyter in the Prot¬ ary 20, 1815, at Fogelsville, where he al¬ estant Episcopal Church in the United ways resided. He was married to States. ” Maria, daughter of Rev. C. G. Herman. The worthy presbyter started out on They had five children—Achilles J., his, in those days, exteusive journey Robert H., Hr. Solon C. B., Josephine from New York, and begins the history and Dora, Judge Fogel died m 1872. of his journey thusiy : m and his wife in 1883. Dr. Fogel occupies “Advanced as our country is, in its tile old homestead, and enjoys a large settlements and improvements, our practice. In 1840 Judge Fogel was com¬ ouriosity often tempts us to make ex¬ missioned Justice of the Peace of Upper cursions among those who have pro¬ Macungie, and served in this capacity gressed furthest towards the establish¬ continuously until 1856, when he was ment of order and prosperity. Iu the elected Associate Judge of Lehigh Middle States, the towns aud planta¬ county. So great was his popularity tions, formed by the Christian Society, that he had the honor of a re-election called the United Brethren, in the in 1863, and performed the duties of his State of Pennsylvania, have obtained office with eminent satisfaction until great oelebrity. The principal of these, the fail of 1866, when Hon. James Fry (shades both with silk and cotton. The- j this ohoir has an organ and and a specimen of the whole, are in Dhapelof Bethlehem and Nazareth, about fifty- several pieces of Instrumental music two miles from Philadelphia and eighty Iwhich are played upon by the sister- I hood at their devotions. Indeed, in al- miles from New York. t 'In summer, these places are visited nmst every room we saw some musical by the inhabitants of these two last Instrument—an organ, harpsichord . or cities and Irom the other States, for the forte-piano. These are m many private healthiness of their air and the agree¬ families in this settlement and other able and novel scenes which are ex¬ Villages. Devotions are attended every morning. An elderess presides and ofli- hibited. The writer then describes his trip biates. She sometimes delivers a leo- from New York to Philadelphia by tore upon piety and morals. We were stage and from the latter place to Beth¬ (permitted to see the dormitory, in which lehem. Of the latter town he says: ifortv of these women sleep in an upper ‘The town of Bethlehem is approached tstory. This is a large, lofty, airy room, through a large wood and we beheld it with a lamp suspended in the oentre with agreeable surprise, at some dist- which burns during the night; over it ince upon the summit and slope of high is a ventilator in the wall, which causes grounds, which are formed parallel to the circulation of fresh air. Before we :wo neighboring rivers or streams. The left this house we visited a room called ridge across the Lehigh, being out of the store in which are deposited upon ipnir, it was needful to pass the ford, shelves and in drawers large collections ch is safe and easy. The flat of the specimens of female industry, ^rounds opou a way to the hill, which which they constantly vend.” [a ascended by two principal streets, The presbyter also visited the com¬ he road being adorned by trees. A mon schools for the boys and the Broth¬ arge and acceptable inn was reached ers’ house and was greatly edifled. jefore the setting of the sun, and an From the roof of the latter house he nteresting chain of objects presented saw some charming scenery, which im¬ o oall forth curiosity and inquiry on pressed him greatly. He says: “From nir part. A venerable man, one of the the top of the Brothers’ house we were atber’s of this town, is devoted chiefly entertained with a view of the gardens, ,o attendance upon Cflirangers, that the neighboring fields, mountains and the lours of business among the inhabit- rivers Lehigh and Manakasy (Monoc- ints may not be unnecessarily dis¬ acv) The mountain is in the rear, de¬ scending gradually to the lower grounds turbed by visitants, or the stranger be luder restraint and embarrassments and heightening the view by its ver¬ :or want of a guide who would give full dure. The variety of walks, rows udulgeuce to a prudent ouriosity. trees and the plenty with which the j “He afforded us an opportunity to wardens and meadows were stored dis¬ leliver letters in our possession for the played taste, industry and economy. minister and others and attended up to To preserve the hanks the common the evening devotion in the chapel. willow is planted and not suffered to The inn is a stone building, with four Erow to a great height. The Manakasy large rooms on the first, second and m crossed by four bridges for the con¬ venience of the gardens. The slopin0. t^ird floors. Those on the second and banks formed by nature and the walks third floors are in part subdivided into by which we mount the hill, prepared two small and one large room. In this bv labor, join their varieties to convert wav parties or gentlemen with servants this fertile spot into the appearance oi ire accommodated almost as separate a pleasure garden. iamilies. Fifty persons may be quart- j “Great pains are taken to assigns »red here conveniently.” requisite portion for the culture of all After paying a deserved compliment who need. In that which is near the ,o his guide and attendant Mr. Thomas, widows’ house are small divisions for Elev. Ogden describes his visit to the family gardens whioh are cultivated as lister house as follows : “ From these such/ Ill a plain gallery or summer scenes we passed into the house devoted house, on the side of this hill, built for i,o the single sisters. One of them being the shelter of the children, who may jailed to attend us, we saw this habita¬ be permitted to recreate themselves in tion and obtained information from her a rainy or sultry day, was an aged mis¬ upon their ecolesiastical affairs. sionary. busy in preserving certain “The kitchen is so conveniently eon- seeds and medicinal herbs. Retired itruoted that two women may cook pro¬ from the labors of his function for vision for 130 persons. They have rooms many years among the Indians of n this sister’s house of about twenty | North America, he resides in a part of Feet square, in which six or eight women ! the congregation house, which is de¬ fnake their residence by day. The em¬ voted with other buildiugs to aged min¬ ployments of spinning aud reeling of isters.” jotton, embroidery, painting and Aud in the above strain this traveller schooling are m separate rooms. lu the of a century ago describes everything □eedle work they excel in figure and • -rprmmari Jlmr-"~ 64 wortiuning toTlIe Moravian settlement m Bethlehem. Nothing is omitted, whether it pertains to social, religious, industrial, educational or governmental phases of the community. The book is in a very good state ot preservation and contains 1G7 pages. He closes his volume with the following The Celebration at Emmanuel’s Ct paragraph': “The whole system is well Petersvilie. calculated to make mankind wiser and better; to ameliorate the condition of _ | the untutored and correct the devi- ous ; it softens the rugged temper and HISTORICAl SKETCH BY PASTOS SMITH expands the benevolent heart.” ... • - ' "• '*Tir*'r~TT' V’-TT

Early Settlements by the Dutch on the data¬ ware Low Lands Near Stroudsburg and Fronts by the Germans and by the Irish in Northampton County.

One of the most Important events In the church history of Pennsylvania was the celebration Tuesday of the 175th anniversary, or the seventh quar¬ ter centennial of the Emmanuel’s Lutheran and Reformed congregations of Petersvilie, Northampton County. Records o'*- an Inn. Bethlehem. In connection with the celebration a / Penn., 1801. reunion was held of the pastors, of¬ June 20.—A lady and a gentleman In a ficers, members and Sunday School C June 24.—A family from Philadelphia in teachers and scholars who were at any time connected with the congregations. \fu!yge4.-A genUeman in the stage. One It proved to he a most happy event SlJufy°8f—A company in a stage ^ith four and the perfect weather combined with horses and driver. Eight breakfasts 8 a well arranged and perfectly carried dinners, 16 suppers, 1 gin spirits, bottle out program, served to attract' a porter, 2 pints port. £1 18s. la. julv 12.—A lady dressed in black. great crowd to witness the exercise of July 15.—A company of French gentle¬ the day. It Is estimated that 1,500 men ' with a servant. Four suppers, 4 people were in attendance. breakfasts, 4 dinners, 5 bottles porter, i There are few churches In the coun¬ bowls punch, 1 pint Lisbon. Two gentlemen In a curricle, three horses try that can boast of an older record, and one servant. the first church haying been built in July 29.—A company of ladies and gentle¬ 1723, the present commodious edifice men in a carriage. N. B.—The ladles had a bottle of porter every day at dinner. having been erected In 1250 and re¬ August 12.—A gentleman m a Windsor paired in 18S9. The last celebration of this kind was held in 1873 when the C^August 26.—A company from Maryland sesquicentennial was observed. in chairs, viz.: One gentleman, two chil¬ dren and one negro servant Six suppers, Rev. J. E. Smith, the Reformed pas¬ 3 beakfasts, 3. dinners, 2 glasses brandy, tor of the church, In a historical sketch 2% pints Teneriffe, 1 glass sangaree. says: August 2S.—A company of actors. rwelve “It is now a settled fact that Em¬ suppers, 12 breakfasts, 9 dinners, 12 gills of brandy. . manuel’s Church was organized and September 1.—A company in a Jersey built in the year 1723, as a union church for Lutherans and Reformed. The September 12.—A gentleman and lady in year 1723 brings us back to the early a phaeton. - September 28.—General Lee, 6 horses and history of Pennsylvania, which is 4 servants. Five dinners, 1 bottle Madeira, only 32 years after William Penn 6 quarts beer, 5% pints brandy.—From the settled Pennsylvania, Old Moravian Sun Inn. ____ Ret us first take a general view of the country about Emmanuel's Church as it was then in 1723. “The history of the founding of Em¬ manuel’s Church antedates that of the From,. socalled ‘Irish settlement’ in Allen Township under William and Thomas Craig and others between the years miAj&L 1728 and 1733. It antedates the Moravian settle¬ ments at Nazareth and Bethlehem In t A/X.J1.cML. 1740, and also the building started by Rev. George Whltefleld at Nazareth in_ the^hia^ryiatory of Egypt jig-h Couni foundedf in - ^,. j. Henry -chins, and lalso Saucon Church It antedates the- Moravian Church The Pennsylvania German Society ' Oii-3,■->—^uumy, Lehigh County 'begun- 1742.- Will Meet Here. i . TT antedates the Lutheran Church of Macungie of 1750. nf It ar>tedates the coming to America of the pioneer of the Lutheran Church THE OBJECT 0? THE ORGANIZATION snry Melchoir Muhlenberg, in 1742 „ “ antedates the. oldest Lutheran synod in America of 1748, The Membership Deludes Many of the Best ~7t antedates the founding of Easton People of the State-Interesting: Historical (East town) in 1750 at the forks of the Papers Will be Read at the Meet¬ Delaware and also the log house there ing: October 14th. avld Mfeirtin built in 1739. "It antedates the state road from wiT,hh meTy'va"ia German Society [Laston to Reading laid out In 1753. bold its annual meeting in Allen¬ It antedates the founding of Allen- j town on Friday, October 14th. The dav town by James Allen in 1762, and “Al¬ sessions will bo held in the rooms of len s house” at that place which Sur- the finterpean Club, No. 37 South Sev- \ eyor J. Schulze mentions in his report cuth street, and the annual banquet of laying out the road from Easton to u itakephaceai 0 P. M, a, the Hotel Reading in 1753. i. a lum h will also be given at “We naturally inquire, whence came noon at the L-vingston Club by the I these+Vl„ - settlers?i ~ ‘ All cviuence.pointsevidence. points to resident, members to those attendin'- the fact that they were mostly Ger- from abroad. ” mans who sought homes In this New The object of this society is mainlv World, in order that they might historical; to gather and preserve the either escape the religious persecutions ta ds relating to that especial element f Europe or better their temporal wel- caledthePeunsywaniaGeiman.Se ffre- At. that t‘me, 1723, and prior to tacts have hitherto been scattered in it, the two main landing places for various documents and books, no at- passengers from Europe to this section enipt, having been made to collect1 S&iS“try New T"rk “« them, present them as a whole, make them accessible to the reading public. „ k1 JS n0t ^enerally known that I he resuithasbeeu the easy inference probably the first settlements in Penn- that the Pennsylvania German is an X^1? 'J,ere^r,0t °n the Delaware at element of no value, a factor of no r,nil«,deiPh4ia’ bUt SOme hundred miles potentiality. The truth is, however P?„tbat rlver at Shawnee, In Monroe .lust the contrary, and the memb ws of County, near Stroudsburg. They were the society are bent, with filial piety made by the Low Dutch or Hollanders upon demonstrating this so fully that wmi NaW ^etherlands. on the fertile !ow lands, along the Delaware, called future historians wilt not dare to ig- nore jt. f k after the Indians occupying them, the , Minlslnk,, , - Flats.’ These—- -lands -lay on The members of the society are of those whose ancestors came from G.-r- mnSs --itbe~ rlJer f°r a nuiiiuernumber orof tnany to this country before 1800 and m W--. Wh®n the flrst settlement was made is unknown and could not be as- v"° were; or are now residents in Penn- certalned even from those living the-,- m 170-7 „ uvmg there hn7ania' 11 is ll0t a 8O0iHfcy of foreign- in 1,81787, 7 generally the grandchildren of born Germans, therefore, but of men the original settlers, and who were whose ancestry goes back, as a rule, to meiely aware that It antedated, many Vftara. Porm’o , -_’ ^ WiinnmbpP U1 Pt-',insy‘varna under ilham Penn ; were participants in the ———- ineiican Revolution, agisted in the I formation of the Federal Union ; who are, in a word, Americans of the Amer- mans, if anybody in this nation is. I here are now over three hundred E From, FFFFF .. members belonging to the Society in active connection with it. This mem- bership compares in social standing, in official dignities, m intellectuality in repute with that of any SimiUir body It comprises judges, lawyers, scholars’ clergymen, the classes whioh a serious Bate, X SJIL mm and object attracts. The meeting at Allentown is the ightb annual meeting. The society -nzmated in 1891, and held its first an ‘ual convention at Lancaster, Pa., 66

H. Elehardt J .S , r a DilUnger, Esq. , iQ()i' At this meeting a Pttr' Tm;i»die.or4«reoepMo»o,,'n. ^^prillu, 18J1- ,A ~„s |)(!r(oeteil, a nanoiit <>rg•lU,z' ‘ , ‘ adopted. of- i.stU..iion and by-l^vs ^ ^ Tjb «"c ». 1“^. Thomas VV. Saege^ ‘ rS • ^ £ le, M. B., >t this city, and W ^ These From, ... Librarian. £ prepared ttt ire part of a society. State bu- the request of_ bae[fer is the presi- >«'rl"lV,lihe organization at present ^cJ- /<'S/-f Date,

. Richards and Rev. C-J • C P wbUe nembers resign >» t0 l)6 pro- ILL 01 GOOD IHCESIR1 coming meet-

The Annual Meeting of the Penn- SS££ sylvania German Society Held. !SoPyable features and ‘“^“"ess j prof. Eainger^s^actuig w. | manager of nrmlications for IN THIS CITY YESTERDAY membership,M.'Ecr .. In el, and“rf;, alltlmloop1J1"l o . 1^members

Hon. Edwin Albright, of Alle”*°^ Honored With the Election of Pre= sident-Other Officers Chosen Banquet Last Night. nay be necessary or desn able. THE PROGRAM. j1 The eighth annual meeting of the Eer The program arrangenrrau^cd for the meet- mg is as foUo^' 1Q o’clock—Invooa- Morning session, -W addre99 of minated last evening with a banque ■ . Ratr Mvron O. K-otn , auuic Rev. M.J G T Ettinger; re- ^The banquet followed a social meettus welcome, _ • p schaotz. D. D., - and^begamat 9 o’cloeh. The rollowiug « spouse. Rev- *• ^deni-s address, Hon.j- Myerstow , P - Lancaster; Aot-ft the menu: Rheli N. O. Schaeffer R R Dlffender-i ““Tettuce Radishes. I11* SSr ; Treasurer’s report, ij Celery. Lettuce' olives. rer, Lanca-t , dnlphm; miscel-t rl omatoes. _ Consomme of chicken. Oyster patty. f “tS Salt Vi SoTm' a lunch will be given by Bolt shell crabs on toast, .a th^refdent members .0 tbe visUmg Roasted young tui key. Baked sweet potatoes Cranberry sauce members at the Livington UuIr_^ Tb Afternoon session, - ' T vorl^ Mayonnaise of celeiy. ^ ^ German M.j Province Into ..The German-i H. Richards. B. 1_•. lvauia 8ub-| ^"nt ufirk” William H. Egie, m! Cornerman responded to J Society—How Begun.” He said m part. “This society was organize on ij*. sia f a mil 1891 in the court house at Lao Social reunion at <.oi) 00 i V. fn aSk.ee with a cal. Issned^ i - — TTiino-ler’s orchestra. preliminary conlerenee ol the lies ’**£!& «-T“ir coi'7 P“S«1 ants of the ea.ly German and Swiss , Hon. tiers. The purpose ler. Br?G. T. Ej.linger, chairman ; BrJ man. \ 67

our forefathers and to preserve their tra¬ and achievements of their ancestors and the part they have taken in achieving our ditions and records; to‘show to the off¬ national prosperity. spring of other nationalties that they were not behihd them in any or the attributes Oui Society What It Intends” was re¬ which go to make up the best citizens of sponded to by J. F. Sachse, as follows: ‘Ii have been requested to say a few words the best state in the best government of the world.’ upon the intentions of our society. We have heard of its inception and present “This is the language of the first circu¬ lar issued in the interest of forming the state. Now to me falls the duty to partly lift the veil of the future. Well, the very Pennsylvania German Society. It was fact of our being assembled here this even¬ further stated in that circular, as among ing around this festive board is an exempli¬ the objects of the organization, that it fication of the old adage that ‘Great oaks I should be effected for the purpose of searching out and preserving ail ancestral from little acorns grow.’ The little germ planted in the year 1890 has taken firm records; for the purpose of bringing their root in the congenial soil of Pennsylvania. forefathers into such recognition in the A healthy, stocky stem is the result, with eyes of the world, and especially of their its foliage, as it were, spreading gradually | own children, as they deserve; for the pur- but slowly over our state. The same as I pose of devoloping the friendly and fra¬ that of the oak. its growth Is not so rapid ternal spirit that should exist between as it is sure. What has been done thus far those in whose veins the same blood flows; has only been accomplished by the devo¬ for the purpose of lifting his¬ tion and hard work of a few of the earnest tory, now unnoticed or unknown men active in the establishment and con¬ into honor, and, very particularly, duct of the society, which now stands in for the purpose of preserving to prosperi¬ influence and respectability second to none ty the old public records, landmarks and among the various patriotic, hereditary memorials, which in another generation societies. Eemember that the work that will have entirely disappeared.” this society has thus far accomplished Dr. N. C. Schaeffer spoke on “Our So¬ within the few years of its existence has ciety—What It Is< “A gentleman from the northern part of been without precedence. In the eyes of the world it has changed the Pennsylvania the state who was selling charts called Dutch into the Pennsylvania German. It upon one of the male teachers in Allentown. has placed us in our proper position among The girl who met at him at the front door the races which originally settled the ran back to her mother exclaiming: ‘E3 is province of Pennsylvania, It has given us ebber do un er schwetzt English.’ Some one a distinctive historical literature of our who attended the sessions of the society own. Such have been our Intentions in this afternoon was overheard upon the the past and such are our intentions for the streets saying: ‘Es is an Pennsylvania! future. Among our intentions which have Deutche society do un see schwetzen Eng- I thus far been accomplished you will find lish.’ The person evidently imagined that that we have made even the Puritan ac¬ the society used the Pennsylvania dialect knowledge that the Pennsylvania German in its deliberations .and that its aim was to element in our grand commonwealth is perpetuate the dialect of our people. This not to be sneered at. To many of them It is a big mistake. The aim of the society has proven a revolution and some of the is to investigate and write out the German best among their number, like Davy j influence in the settlement and develop- Crockett’s coon, ask to be permitted to I ment °f Pennsylvania. For eight years come down gracefully. Then again the I the society has been pursuing this policy. | Pennsylvania Quakers, to whom every¬ | It has reached a membership of over 300,1 thing German is Dutch and to whom the j It is out of debt and has money in the very mention of anything German is like treasury. The publications are purchased for the great libraries of the country, be¬ flaunting the red flag to the bull, and who cause the investigations which its mem¬ die even harder than the traditional cat bers are conducting throw new light upon with nine lives, have been forced to ac¬ knowledge that the German race did have the history of our country. Its annual a little, ‘a big little,’ to say in the making 1 meetings are well attended, full of interest of this commonwealth. I trust to see the and attracting more and more attention. day when branches of our organization It i ncludes in its memborship editors and will be found in other states, to keep alive professors, lawyers and doctors, jurists the traditions and German ancestry. The and men in public life. Through its la¬ outlook for the future is bright. In clos¬ bors the people of German ancestry are be¬ ing I will say that the Pennsylvania Ger- ginning at their true value the struggles from which subsequently Heidi „a society intends to Keep on in the path township in Lebanon county wasfor: and at the same pace set, bearing j when the county was erected in 1813. the good old German proverb, Ohne Ha ' sured of their lands by purchase from the —Ohne East,’ until its work has been ac- - authorities o< th. prcince a.d .the ludiau comnlished and the citizen of German an-, title purchased by the same, our Palatines cestry shall have his full rights, standing i had found at last an abiding home for £ position in the history of our grand themselves and their children, but when old commonwealth of Pennsylvania. the storm and stress of the American Be Dr. Ricksecker, O. S. Henning , volution burst upon the land, they were Chronicle, and Congreesman Ermentroul not too remote or too indifferent to be u alTspoM. Dr, M- H, Richards presided. moved by it. Berks county ^d her °on- the afternoon session. tingent of patriotic men as early as the The afternoon session was called to ord¬ battle of Long Island-to say the least- er by the president at 2 o’clock. Owing to and descendants of the Palatine emigra¬ theabsenceofDr.W.tl.^ f w TT EffleFg > of Hariis- tion, along with their fellow-Pennsylvania Germans.have lived and died for their coun¬ try as nobly and lovingly and as numerous jS^Sr^t^as^-to as those of any other strain of blood or race. They we^ not lacking in performance present the features of what may, m some even if they have not been vauntingly set respects, be called an episode of that mi gration of Palatines which took place i i f0Tir KichardFdwelt upon the character of these settlers, mm ld why 1710 and which sought its hope , ?ffactor in^lS the commonwealth mPHeStOld tma 6Wwyh? ing place in New York province only tc> hnd I Pennsylvania became a German coiouy there rather a prison house and> a Undo | those From the fatherland andhow, aty bondage. The paper dw upon th t©iDDts at anglicizing tn g 1 various causes which impelled the her mans to migrate from the Palatinate to New York and from New York to Penn y That our state is what she is, that vania, where, outside of geographical co - Knee has been what it has been, that her ditions, which shut up the wanderers to attitude in national crf haa9ndeVapProved praiseworthy, conservative and ppr their course down the Susquehanna there by the outcome, can never be lauaea a had not been lacking broad intimation if magnified without implying ] not positive invitations and promises,!™ to the Pennsylvania German.

the government of Pennsylvania, which the morning session. were rendered all the more attractive by The morning session was called to order by President Schaeffer at ten the well-known reputation ot o’clook. After prayer by Rev. M. u. Penn for generous treatment ant mi Rath, Prof. G. T. Ettinger delivered the 5T. 01 the Palatines Iron. « following address of welcome. many came directly to Pennsylvania, they | address of welcome. continued coming for many y®ar® Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen: this until the authorities began t0 f® To me has been granted the pleasant that the province would cease to be Eng privilege of bidding you welcome to Al¬ lish or respect English authonty Sir lentown on the occasion of the eighth William Keith, the governor of Pennsyl annual meeting of the Pennsylvania M vania, had schem- s of founding an inde- German Society. Those of you that 1 pendent colony towards the Ohio. He w are at all acquainted with the city an visiting in Albany at t.he time of the dis¬ its people are, I trust, in no doubt as to the sincerity of the welcome that is ex¬ tress of the Palatines and encouraged tended to you this morning. Hospi¬ them to come to his colony. An emigra¬ tality is one of the prominent charac¬ tion from the Schoharie Valley followed. teristics of German life ; in fact, it may In 1729 there was an additional migr be called a German domestic virtue. tion of families. The claims of the Indians As early as the first century the and their complaints as to the intrusion of Roman historian, Tacitus, tells us that this colony into their midst, were quie ed the Germans, in their forest wilds had in 1732, when Thomas Penn purchased the no permanent homes, but to whom¬ soever they oame there they were sup¬ , Tulpehocken lands, now forming Barks ported, prodigal of other men s posses¬ and Lebanon counties, from the tawny ! sions, regardless of their own. sons of Tulpahoca, whose villages at that “Two thousand years have passed time clustered north of the ^ese^t sl^ and the German spirit in this respect is of Womelsdorf, under the Hittatmy o still the same. Our German forefathers, ! Blue mountains.” Our German emigrants in crossing the ocean, changed their from New York had settled main y in habitation, but not their social nature. subsequently became HeideLberg townsmp They were hospitable there and then, as when Berks county was formedin 1752 and J I trust their descendants are still hos¬ of our school books the name of Conrad pitable now and here. The German Weiser. In the same sentence occurred heart beats as warmly to-day as it did the name Liudley Murray. The name then. Strange were it indeed if this of the grammarian was allowed to Pennsylvania German oommunity of stand ; that of the Indian interpreter Allentown which, because of its hospi¬ was cut out; just as if phrase making tality many have been pleased to call were more important than peace mak¬ the ‘Convention City of the Keystone ing; as if the prevention of grammat¬ State,’ should throw open its doors to ical mistakes were of more oonsequenoe all organizations based upon merely than the prevention of war and blood¬ artificial relations and when the Penn¬ shed. I resolved that at the first suit¬ sylvania German Society, founded able opportunity I would draw public upon ties of kinship and language, attention to the services of the distin¬ oomes to its own people it should meet guished Pennsylvanian. At a time with but indifferent reception. Let me when France had more population than assure you, however, that this is not England, when the French occupied the case. To-day we rejoice with you the Mississippi Valley and the Lake re- in oommon descent from the people of 1 ons, whilst the English occupied a Schiller, Goethe, Kant and Bismarck. narrow strip'along the Atlantic ooast, “ We are proud that our forefathers it was a question whether the New came from a country so rich in story, World should be dominated by the civil song and scholarship, and we are glad and politioal ideas of the Anglo-Saxon to have you with us that you may see I race or by the ecolesiastism, imperial¬ what this Pennsylvania German com¬ ism and despotism of the French. It munity has accomplished. Do you seek was a struggle in which the destinies of a monument of the thrift and the England with about 20,000,000 and Prus¬ enterprise, the character and the con- sia with 5,000,000 was to be decided in soienoe of our Pennsylvania German? an apparent unequal struggle with the Look about you ! Behold our own city ! combined powers of Austria, Russia, For I can point you a no better land¬ France and other States, having a pop¬ mark of the sturdy qualities of our raoe ulation of over 100,000,000. The balance than this Pennsylvania German oitv of of power in the New World was un¬ Allentown, which, from its hutnble'be- doubtedly held by the Indians. ginning in .1762, has grown into an en¬ Banoroft tells us that the six nations terprising and flourishingcity of nearly remained neutral, but he does not tell 40,000 inhabitants in 1898. us how this neutrality came about. “ If Allentown is proud of the Penn¬ Apparently he did not know that the sylvania Germans, I feel that it is not ] great Indian interpreter, Conrad too much to hope that the Pennsyl- j Weiser, made a trip of 200 miles To the j vania Germans may also have good Six Nations for the purpose of advising | reason to feel prond of Allentown. (them not side with the French. It was | “As you have this day honored us a trip as heroic as that of marching (with your presence, we shall strive to through Georgia, or of penetrating into honor you in our fidelity to the virtues the wilderness of Africa. When Con¬ of our Pennsylvania German ancestors rad Weiser reached the Six Nations two and in our loyalty to the common French emissaries had been at work cause. Once more then, in behalf of for two days trying to persuade the In¬ our resident members and in behalf of dians that the time was ripe for them our community at large, I extend to to sweep the English settlements ! you all a most cordial welcome. May ; from the Atlantic coast. Conrad your sojourn within our gates be both Weiser succeeded in convincing p)easant and profitable, and when you them that the quarrel of the Freuoh leave may you bear away with you with the English was not one in which none but the kindest of feeliugs to¬ the Indians should take part, and thus wards your Pennsylvania German he made possible the triumph of the brethren of Allentown.” English race at Quebeo. Conrad Weiser Kev. F. .1. F. Schantz, D. D., of My- looms up as one of the moulding factors erstown, made a most interesting his¬ in that epooh-making period of the torical address in response. He re¬ world’s history and by his influence counted the history of Allentown from over the red man he helped William the time it comprised a score or so of Pitt and Frederick the Great in giving houses and a handful of people to its I a new trend and in saving the northern present prosperous period. Extracts i half of the New World from the Latin from the address will be published influences which have cursed Cuba, later, Mexico and Central America. Hon. N. C. Schaeffer, D. I)., of Lan¬ Dr. Schaeffer cited Christian Post, caster, Superintendent of Public In¬ the Moravian missionary as another struction, then delivered bis address, great man who by his efforts kept tbej of which the following is an abstract .- Indians quiescent during the Freuoh I PRESIDENT SCHAFFER’S ADDRESS. and English war. Dr. Schaeffer closed 1

| Some time ago I tried to get into one iti1; _

«.ii an eloquent panegyrics to the vir- .ues of ihe Pennsylvania Germans, SOME n : who saved Washington’s Army at Val¬ ley Forge, who kept hidden the Liberty I Bell and who turned the scales in flavor At 3 oclock yesterday morning wh I of independence when Penns.y 1 v: mia hung trembling in the balance whe .her George W. Engle, sexton of St. Thomas ■ to remain loyal to England or t< > es- Evangelical Lutheran and Reformed , pouse the cause of the colonies. Church, at Altonah, rang the new bell which hangs in the belfry of the church its fine, clear tones proclaimed to the - A I peonle roundabout that the day of jubilee had come-the 50th anniversary of the I church—wherein the members of the . Lutheran and Reformed congregations were to gather and in joyous unity to cele¬ brate the festal occasion. Heavy laden Dau, r.m \ douds overcast the sky at the time am rain descended at intervals. Notwith standing the unpropitious weather people were astir, and by 10 oclock a goodly num¬ ber had assembled in the place of worship when the first of the jubilee services be¬ ftsSWii gan. On Saturday evening at ^ oclock services in commemoration of the departed were held in the church ii The solemn and impressive services held on the eve of Jubilee Dav largely attended. They opened] with an appropriate anthem All " choir

JuMee Services Yesterday at St, ie££ of Theodore F. Hess, Thomas’s Church, Altonah. tenor and organist. The services

r ^^of’Bethllem, pStor of the B * AN EVENT JOYOUSLY CELEBRATED formed Congregation. Then dresses by the Rev. James Lamtei^ Catasauqua, and the Rev. JVL • _— Large Congregations Assemble Despite the Extremely Unfavorable Weather,

jmaiaaa | of Nazareth, ill the German language! in the devotional exercises by reading the The services dosed with an anthem, “The full liturgical 'service of the Lutheran Lord is My Shepherd,” sung by the choir, as an offertory. Church. Within the chancel sat all the clergymen who officiated during the day. Busy hands had been preoaring the in¬ Addresses, happy, appropriate, and en¬ terior of the handsome church in jubilee couraging in their nature, were made by dress, and the pretty floral decorations the Rev. E. L. Miller, of South Bethle¬ were attractive features of the occa- hem, and the Rev. W. O. More, of Cata- j sion and in keeping with the sauqua. During the different services I beautiful architectural surroundings, there were hearty greetings and congratu¬ stained glass memorial windows, etc. | lations to the dual congregations In the/ altar recess appeared the magnjfi by the officiating clg^pwmen. The j cent painting of the Saviour, embleinati- Rev. Dr. D. Brendle, | cal ojfthe Ascension, which artistic work who is looked upon as the patriarchial j was recently completed by Artist Charles Pastor, having rounded out 46 years of ! Woflmuth, of Bethlehem. Overhead ap¬ his pastorate in this congregation, was peared the inscription “Ebenezer” in rich greeted try his brethren from the pulpit maroon letters with gilt borders. On the and by the members of both congrega¬ other side were large gilt numerals, 1848- tions. 1898. Fronting the pulpit was stationed a large anchor formed of gorgeously During the offertory the musical gems colored Autumn leaves, and in front of of the chpral service were rendered. Dur¬ the pulpit ,stood a large cross arranged ing their rendition a feeling pervaded the with Autumn leaves also. The lettering entire assemblage, sublime in its nature, and Autumn leaf designs were a labor of expressive of joy and pathos. These vocal j Jove accomplished by Pastor Keiter. gems were the solo, “The Lord Is My I Other members of the congregation, Shepherd,” by Marsh, sung by Mrs. Geo. Lutheran and Reformed, had brought F. Metzger, soprano soloist of the choir of ) floral offerings in lilies, palms, and foli¬ Holy Trinity Church, West Bethlehem,and age plants, etc., to beautify the chancel the solo, “One Sweetly Solemn Thought,” and surroundings. one of the sweetest of hymns, by Phoebe The jublilee services proper began at 10 Carey, sung by Dr. F.'A. Garis, tenor oclock a, m. The Pastors, Rev. Dr. D. F. soloist, of West Bethlehem. Mrs. Caesar Brendle and Rev. W. D: C. Keiter, led in Spiegler, of Bethlehem, accompanied the the opening devotional exercises. Dr. two soloists at the organ. Brendle made the opening prayer and TheJRev. J. W. Mayne made the clos¬ j greeted with kindly words the coiigrega- ■ ing prayer, tenderly "spoken, and tfien- | tion. The opening anthem sang bv the followied congregational singing. Pastor choir, under direction of Organist Theo¬ Keiter1 announced that owing to the dore F. Hess, was “Lift Up Your Heads.” weather conditions and heavy roads the The congregational singing was done in a evening services intended for members, ; hearty manner. The hymns used for the past and present, after consulting the festal services were printed on leaflets. committee, would not be, held, but would The jubilee sermons were preached, re¬ be postponed until Sunday, Nov. 13, at 2 spectively, in German by the Rev. Daniel oclock p. m. The jubilee services closed E. Schoedler and in English by the Rev. with the benediction, pronounced by the J. W. Mayne, of Allentown. Rev. W. 0. More. During the offertory the choir sang the anthem, “Let us heartily rejoice.” Then A Short History of the Church. followed a beautiful sermon delivered by On the first day of January, 1848, the tiie Rev. J. W. Mayne. After congrega¬ Christian people of Bethlehem Township, tional singing. Pastor Keiter, with the Northampton County, mostly members of congregation standing, in unison recited the Lutheran and Reformed Congrega¬ the Lord’s Prayer. During its recital tions at Hecktown, Farmersville, and Sexton Engle rang the bell, so that all Shoenergville, assembled at the residence absent ones through illness or otherwise. of Philip Ohl for the purpose of consider¬ Within sound of the bell, could follow in ing the propriety of building a house of repeating the prayer. Pastor Keiter pro¬ worship. The distance to other churches nounced the benediction and the morning made it exceedingly inconvenient, especi¬ services were ended. ally for those wno had not the convey¬ By afternoon, although still clouav the ances, to attend divine services. After rain had ceased to fall, so that this ser¬ due deliberation it was resolved to erect a vice was largely attended. The services house of worship for themselves, and the began at 2 oclock p. m. They embodied old Altonah Church, better known as the the reunion of catechumens confirmed St. Thomas Monocacy Church, was the re¬ iq tim ■_ciurch since 1848. 1 sult. John Glaiss and Leopold Keim each This meeting was probably the most im¬ agreed to donate one half acre of ground, pressive and joyful one ever held within upon which to erect the proposed church, this beautiful sanctuary. A program of t he remainder being laid out, as a place special music was prepared by T. F. Hess, for the burial of the dead. A few weeks organist, and was a leading feature of the later the Lutheran and the Reformed celebration. The opening anthem Congregations were regularly organized. rendered by the augmented choir wasV, Subscription books were at once prepared, “Praise Ye the Lord/’ Pastor Keiter led and in a few months the necessary fond' and More. The ! raised With the approach ol j Spring the work of erecting the .chUrch ?4On°Sunday, Dec. 4, 1892 the base was bepu 11 with great vigor, and on the of the new church was. dedicated, KFhfcS 3 April, 1848, .the corner act of consecration was performed by stood was laid with appropriate services Pastors, Keiter and Brendle The'ministers present and assisting on On the 7th day of May, 1893, the n the kcasion wire the Revs. Richards, of completed church was formally dedicated, FnMim- Schultz, of Bethlehem, and Max S Ziegenfuss, Spiexer, Horne, Lobach, Of Fannersville. The collection More, and Wootring participating in the solemn service of the day. T.nther alI10,Un£vt0|?,11848, the new church was! The Church Council of the Lather, formally dedicated. Revs. Richard, Len | Congregation consists of Elders Ed war hard, Wentzel, Helfnch, Stern and B Schnable. JolmW. George, andGerng Father Dubbs participating, lhe collec M Warner; Deacons, Amandus 1 at tiShi which netted §110,cleared the church r- nton C. Koehler, and George H of all debt, which fact was exceeding!} cratifving to the members. ^on^regathm are*^Elders, Chari 0 The' first church officers of the Reformed Congregation were: Elders, Adam Biuc , Tames More and Philip Ohl, Deacons Samuel W. Ehrich ; Trustees of the con- Daniel Spriegol, Amaiidus Keren and Thomas Doney. Of the Lutheran OonJ n.remition the first officers weie John Congregation is 200. That of the Luth- Youn«• Abraham Stohr, and John Glaiss. Elders and Tobias Moser. Andrew Keim, ^Ts^ariy as April, 1862, a Sunday School an?! John Brown, Jr., Deacons, boon was organized in the church The p“ after the consecration of the church each officers of the school are. LHaiies r. congregation called a Pastor, and the fol¬ Schwartz, Snperintedent; Myron lowing list records the names ot those who Assistant labored in this portion of our Lord s vine¬ yard from its organization to the present

time- .As ^v%'°Athwinzd1!laborid frouT 1848'to 1850. 'Rev. Weldeii labored from 1851 to 1861. Rev Yeager la¬ bored during the year 1861. Rev. F. J. F Schantz labored from November 1861, to September, 1866. Rev. A. r Geisen- heimer labored from January 1867, to October, 1868. Rev. A Each* labored from January, 1869 to April 187°- feVQ From, . T B Rath labored from June, 18to, to Tune 1882 Rev. Win. Wackernagle la- tom the Fall ot 1682 to Ko.emb.r, . 1887 The present Lutheran Pastor is the Rev. Wm D C Keiter, who was unanimously called in November, 1887. The minis- j Date, .LSk ^ tersof the Reformed Congregation were. Rev Max Stern, who served from the or¬ ganization of the congregation to 18o~. j Ou March 30, 1852, Rev. D. F. Brendel, j D D preached a trial sermon and was unanimously chosen Pastor. He preached his introductory sermon on the 6th day' ol | Jane 1852, and continues to serve the congregation to this day. In the year isif the congregation decided Ht0bf,rt^. down the old church and build a better and more convenient sanctuary. At the trie time a building committee was ; “^consisting .1 George Appl.g* e , Some Fads in Its Early History Edward Halteman, John E. Kemmeier, , Jacob D. Metzgar, Alfred L Eenn MU ton IH Koehler, William M. DilliatU, Special Interest Sow. John Balliet, James W. More, and Geo M Earner. Work on the new building was oeo-un in April, 1892, ,and on the 5lh dav of the following Junoohe corner stone THE FOUNDER (iF THE VILE was laid by the Pastors, Levs. Brendle and Keiter. The following Ministers partici¬ pated in the services

l'iii HU'iZTOWiN HOTEL iiUILT IN lt/JO. a few years ago with George relic to its founder, and with proper care Blitz, Jr., from Philadelphia, a is destined to stand forhundreds of years. son of the early settler spoken of, and His active building operations lead to the who died a few weeks ago at the advanced conclusion that he was successful. But age of 93 years. The old gentleman was there was also, no doubt, a good reason then a paralytic and not quite as clear in for his being so. Conditions then were his mind as he had formerly been reputed such that the location of the place was to be. His story, therefore, may be open entirely adapted for money making in the to criticism or correction. George Butz, line of business which Mr. Butz fol¬ the founder of the village, was of Ger¬ lowed. Butztown was on the line man ancestry, and his forefathers were from the New England States and residents of a place called"Zwei Briicken,” New York to the West. It was on the highway from Tannersville and Kel- 72

Some interesting ti irratlves vvei related by Mr. Butz,' Jr. lor msan I svillc, Monroe' County, to the then he told how he and hi^ older sister, market town of Philadelphia, and it was was the mother of Robert i- Sohweit Sfth«l“« Com lh« agricultuvHl gpo.. at present owner of one the mills which M of Kutztown, Maeungie, etc,, to Easton, Butz, Sr., had built, used to oarrx_ba»kei the town of mills. There was, therefore 'of victuals on their hauls and cans ' a continuous caravan of huge covered coffee, for the men building the raid wagons loaded with emigrants, for the down at Freeinansburg. He also told of fertile plains beyond the Ohio, wit.l ai- some of the customs prevalent in the ticles of exchange to or from Philade - vicinity of Butztown-at that time, ot nlua or with grain for the Easton mills. which one is certainly worthy of mention The most, glowing account was givenio because it promoted industry so admira- the nightly bustle ami turmoil at the blv. If any lady expected to make a hotel when the many teams and guests partv for the young people, she would had to be housed. In the vicinity of the first inform herself of all the young gentle¬ hotel corrals of emigrant and farm wag men who were on more than ordinary ons the stables begging *or J*P*ce friendly terms with particular young shelter the horses, all the beds filled with ladies. She would give to each of these guests and then quite a numbei of the young gentlemen a quantity of flax which teamsters taking their ^ on ie S he in turn must take to the “flame of his snots of the bar room floor, there are heart,” and enjoin her to have it spun by evidences that Mr. Butz harbored ideas the day of the party. If she succeeded that the village would some day be a that was her credential for admission, it thriving town. The place was regularly she did not succeed she was in about the Said out and it has three addi- same predicament as the “five foolish Sal streets besides those> how virgins.” Wouldn’t such a demand be a used, as public highways. They are stunner on some of our soft handed C hefty, Limekiln, and Chauncey Streets maidens of the present day’ but none of them has ever risen above the The narrator of this story was also dignity of an alley and unimportant ones greatly amused in relating how the at that. The town had its poUing P ^ people used to cross the ISancy Run even at that early day, it has h, ic and on the way to Freemansburg. At that pver since The most remarkable taer u, time there was no bridge or culvert. Sit even the people of Bethleb.m had to Teams would drive through the stream come to Butztown to cast then_ and for foot passengers a log was thrown This part of the old gentleman snairati across. It so happened, in accordance seemed as if it might be a m«t»ke yet with the general drinking habits ot the considering the economy exercised at tha times, that the people from beyond the time, it may be true.* stream would come to Butz s hotel to take The old gentleman spoke about tne their periodical carousals. One ot these 1 makeshifts of getting into the West with unfortunates was ’Squire Hutchinson a 'little expense, especiaUy on the part of corpulent old fellow and noted character ' the immigrants from Connectic • of those times, who lived some distance mon custom was to go out one Summer down the road towards Freemansburg. witli a load of tinware .k®2L y Every time that he went home “three well to remember that the oldruaxii 7i sheets in the wind” he would have the flop- has his day” was true of even such a j misfortune to miss the log and receive a devolved individual a, a Now England tm baptism in the clear fresh waters of the peddler, and no doubt the Western o Nancy Run, which was perhaps a highly neer who needed his articles bai ec wholesome external antidote for the fire wuli gladness.] The New Eng andJankee water in the inner man. turned these western ^eBs togo The village has lately showed an in¬ account and in this way mudt hiex creased activity on account of an electric | penses while prospecting. Next,bPj™s road, but if its enterprising founder, who „ow lies buried in the northwest corner of > Franklin Square, Philadelphia, could compare the condition of the present with that of the past, he would undoubtedly travel made plenty of money tor the! credit the olden days with far more life pioneer of our story. than those of the present. m But an evil day was at hand It seems *Tbe writer is correct in his statement that that the country at one time in its histoiy ■Rntztown in the earlier days was the suffered a great business depression unde r»lHx*e for voters from Bethlehem. There are men what were called the “shin piaster time.. still living in Bethlehem who recall the excite- merit attending the trips o£ the contending par¬ Wheat took a phenomenal rise in p • ties. Whigs and Democrats by stage coachw 1 it went up to 52, Mlf “ » Butztown. as late as the yeai 1836. T • P election and that for the election tor General ot Mr. Butz had two mins. He beca■ the militia are referred to as the elections which .U,,c;flStic ( ver the upward tendency ox excited the most interest, notably that the market and bought heavily fo^or^®r General Conrad Shimer was the successful com¬ But wheat took a sudden drop and flour petitor. General Shimer's commission was signed L Governor Wolf, whose term ended in 1835. fell to $4.50 per barrel and George But It is related that upon one occasion oue of the failed The active and venturesome pio | parties hired all the coaches and vehicles intown, neer certainly deserved a more fortunate | compel.ing ilieir opponents to walk to Butztowu if they desired i o vote. pon another occasion end. • ’ .. — it is related that the Democrats manifested no interest whatever in t)/election untU an hour orj I so before the polls c/osed, throwiug their oppo nents off their giur d[ They then rushed to the, polls en masse, : "fibby winning in tne contest. distant north by the Blue Ridge. . = - m = bn the south by the Lehigh loonntait which seemingly join in the tar eas and present a lovely scene. In this vast Front, t . space many spires of distant churches rifee, as if in humble recognition to the oldest eliuroh of the country. The church stood at the northeast corner of the present oemetery a little iu from the stone wall. This was about . a hundred yards below the present Date, church. It was constructed of logs and was of small dimension. It had no floor i and the seats were rough benches MULUJO.U ! made out of logs. The old church j record states that in the year 1763 there were ^8 communicant members, pay¬ GROWN OLD IN YEARS ing their pastor $34.38 and gave for be¬ nevolence $10.84. tine year previous to the organization Interesting Event in the Hisrory of of the Longsivamp■ Lngregation the Long Swamp Church. first Synod of the Reformed Church met in Philadelphia, on tho29th of Sep¬ tember, 1747, with lour ministers nud IIS 150TH ANNIVERSARY TO-MORROW eighteen elders. There were, therefore, at this early time probably no half dozen Reformed ministers in the Oae of the Earliest Churches in Eastern I United States. These people were con¬ Pennsylvania—Four Generations of the sequently dependent upon ordinary teachers for preaching. These preaoh- Helffrieh Family Served it as Pas¬ ers, although not ordained, assumed tor—Slather of Other Churches. the authority of administering the sao- In going'from Allentown to Reading raments. on the East tenn Railroad from Sham¬ The first preacher was Frederick rock station, direct to your left, on a Casemir Miller. He served from 1748 to high elevation, stands the Loilgswamp 1760. His successor was Philip Jacob Church. This is the church which Mr. Michael who served from 1750 to 1754. Schlatter iu his report of 1751 recognized Michael served the congregation at i as the “Little Lehigh,” but which, in throe different times, Iu May, 1754, j the old church record was known from Rev. Rudolph Kidenweiler was elected the very beginning as the Longswainp pastor. Kidenweiler was an ordained congregation. The name of the con¬ minister in tile Reformed Church and gregation, as also the name of the a competent preacher. He landed in township in which it is located, was de¬ Philadelphia with the vessel “Ann” rived from the long swamp, a meadow from Rotterdam, on September 28th, which begins in the neighborhood of 1749. He served the Longswamp con¬ Topton, where the “Krotten Creek” gregation seven and one-half ye. starts, and follows this creek through Kidenweiler organized the Weisenbi t the center of the township until it congregation. After leaving Lor‘ empties into the Little Lehigh near the swamp in 1702, he served the Swam. Lehigh Church, a distance of about six Churohin Oley, where he died October miles. 2, 1794 at the age of 47 years. On the The first settlers in this neighborhood 7th of January, 1733, Philip Jacob j came as early as 1734 from Oley and Michael was elected the second time. ; GoshenhoppeD, where immigrants be¬ He continued in service until 1774, when j gan to colouize ns early as 1710. These he resigned in order to join our army ! first settlers were mostly “Pfaelser” In the war of the Revolution. and “Huguenots.” They were of the Rev. Johannes Heinrich Helffrioh j Reformed faith, which accounts for succeeded Michael. Helffrieh was edu¬ their building an exclusive Reformed cated in Heidelberg. He was licensed and ordained on the 22d of September, Church. The first church was built on the 1761. Iu June 1771, he was sent, iu com¬ Lock Ridge, a hilly range branching pany with his step-brother, Rev. J. C. from the Lehigh mountain. The high A. Helfensline, by the Synod of Hol¬ elevation the church occupies makes it land to America, He landed iu New very conspicuous. It can be seen from York, January 14, 1772. Helffrieh distances of ten to fifteen miles in the served the congregation until 1780. He surrounding country. It also affords resigned the congregation for the the members and worshippers a beau¬ reason that they refused to be taken tiful view of the vast oouutry spread¬ under the oare of Synod. ing out before them. This beautiful Philip Jacob Michael was eleoted for landscape seems to be walled in on the the third time and served the congrega- 76

until liisTfoTITh, *1" 17X5 Heinrich | rlartzel aodepis a call. He served lor 10 In’t ife 'yeif.1848, on years. Hartzel was a mason by trade, tern her, nnd?he 1st of lie possessed no great literary ability j gregation celebrated its one and yet be was a power and exerted anniversary, The ofiurcli-was great influence over his people. Under fully deeonted with evergreens and llartzel’s administration the second had a festhe appearance. NTo occa¬ church was build. sion like this had ever occurred in these The old log church had stood 43 years parts before and it naturally was the and outlasted its time. The records means of dr iwmg large crowds. Rev. show that at this time the congregation Dr. Kessler, lev. Eichenberg and Rev. had increased to 82 members and they 8. K. Brobsfl were the invited guests, decided to build a new church. The who took p; rt and assisted the local’ location was selected iu the northwest¬ pastors on this occasion. A century ern corner ol the present cemetery. had made Wonderful changes. Death This was about 50 yards further up the had reaped ill of the first organizers. bill or midway between tbe old log Yet there were old members who, on cburch and the present church. Tins this accasioi, oould tell all about the church was constructed of stone, with little log church. Old Father John a gallery and a capacity of holding Butz, in the bourse of conversation, re¬ from three to four hundred people. On lated how he helped to tear down the the 28th of May, 1791, the corner stone old log church and that he forged, on of the new church was laid. Pastor his anvil, every nail that was used in Hartzel officiated on this occasion and the new ehuren. also at the dedication of the new In tbe year 1852, the first year of Wm. church. Several years later Hari2cl A. Helffrioh's pastorate, the congrega¬ resigned to accept a call to Sohmoli s tion decided lo build a new church. J > Church in Hamburg, where he served Pastor Jlelffrich canvassed the congre¬ until bis death. gation and solicited subscriptions. He Iu 1735 Johannes Heinrich Helffrich found the members so liberal that the was called the second time. The oon- work of building was at once begun. Sr? , gregation was jit)w willing to submit The congregation decided to celebrate and be taken under the oare of Synod. the Lord’s supper before razing the old In this year the congregation purohased building. The 5th and 6th of March a large pipe organ. This was the first were the days set apart for this cele¬ pipe organ in these parts audit 1S^°" bration. It was to be a union com¬ day in her old age, although somewhat munion. Rev. Jeremiah Schindel, the feeble, vet faithfully serving the con¬ Lutheran pastor, preached the pre¬ gregation. Helffrich preached to the paratory sermon and Rev. Helffrich end of his life, in 1810. Rev. Wm. De¬ held the liturgical services. On the fol¬ chant succeeded Helffrich. He was a lowing day Dr. Helffrich preached the coetus preacher and a competent oommumon sermon and Rev. Schindel worker. In 1815 he resigned, being oalled had the leturgicul servioes. They ad¬ by tbe Synod to organize a congrega¬ ministered -the oommunion together, tion in Ohio. one took the bread, the other the oup. In the fall of 1816 the Rev. John Hel¬ Thus they gave communion to the ffrich, son of tbe venerable old father, members of both congregations. Truly was called to All the vacant eongrega- this was a union communion, something tion. He worked faithfully in the field that had never happeued before and for 35 years unto his death. During probably never since in the history of his adrainistiration, in 1817, the Re¬ both denominations. This was the last formed granted the Lutherans, who service in the old church. had organized a congregation, peruns- The following day the church was sion to worship in their church. In 1838, razed to the ground. An examination when Rev. Roller was serving the Luth¬ of the contents of the eoruer-stono eran congregation, they requested to be proved that time had caused them to given equal rights in the title of the mould and decay. The location for the property, instead of renting the church, new church was selected on the top of as they had previously doue, and when the hill, about fifty yards away from refused these privileges they aban- where the old hud stood. The corner¬ doued the place and organized the stone was laid on the 9th of May, 1852. Mertztown congregation. In spite of Revs. Schindel, Helffrioh and August this act there were still a few Luth¬ Dechaut officiated on this oooasion. erans who remained and continued to The new church was completed and worship in Long Swamp, and to this dedicated on Christmas in toe same day it remains a union ohurcb. year. On this occasion Rev. Brobst In 1845 Rev, Wm. A. Helffrich, son of and Rev. Hinterleitner were the guests I the previous pastor was licensed by tbe who assisted the local preacher. The East Pennsylvania Classis and ordained new church is quite modern in stvle. to be tbe assistant of bis father. He Tt has a spire and bell. In 1879 Rev. labored in his father’s field in this call Nevin W. Helffrich, son of the previous j till his father’s death, in 1852, when be pastor, was licensed and ordained by | was elected jo be regular pastor.. _ the East Pennsylvania Olassis as his i i ,Jt-i 3 _pre^cnea as as- i mtMt”• dfath, March 17, 1S94. He was then elected as the regular pastQr and Is still in t he set vice of”" the congregation. To-morrow the congregation will celebrate its 150th an¬ niversary. Pastor Helffrich, in addi¬ tion to tiie regular sermon, will deliver ■a historical address. There are many congregations surrounding of which Long Swamp claims the motherhood. The Lutheran ministers who served this congregation at different times were Revs. Jacob Milier, Conrad Miller, Isauo Roeller, August Griebler, Peter Ober'eld, Jeremiah Scbiudel, C. H. Sell, A. Oroli, S. R. Boyer, D. K. Hum¬ bert. It may be stated in this connection that the Helffrichs who have served the congregation for several generations, were all gifted pulpit orators and pos¬ sessed of a strong will power, and all accomplished an immense amount of work The present pastor, Rev. Nevin W. Helffirich, of this city, is very popu¬ lar among his members and fully sus¬ tains the family reputation for queuce.

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