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The Oder-Neisse Line As Poland's Western Border
Piotr Eberhardt Piotr Eberhardt 2015 88 1 77 http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/ GPol.0007 April 2014 September 2014 Geographia Polonica 2015, Volume 88, Issue 1, pp. 77-105 http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/GPol.0007 INSTITUTE OF GEOGRAPHY AND SPATIAL ORGANIZATION POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES www.igipz.pan.pl www.geographiapolonica.pl THE ODER-NEISSE LINE AS POLAND’S WESTERN BORDER: AS POSTULATED AND MADE A REALITY Piotr Eberhardt Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw: Poland e-mail: [email protected] Abstract This article presents the historical and political conditioning leading to the establishment of the contemporary Polish-German border along the ‘Oder-Neisse Line’ (formed by the rivers known in Poland as the Odra and Nysa Łużycka). It is recalled how – at the moment a Polish state first came into being in the 10th century – its western border also followed a course more or less coinciding with these same two rivers. In subsequent cen- turies, the political limits of the Polish and German spheres of influence shifted markedly to the east. However, as a result of the drastic reverse suffered by Nazi Germany, the western border of Poland was re-set at the Oder-Neisse Line. Consideration is given to both the causes and consequences of this far-reaching geopolitical decision taken at the Potsdam Conference by the victorious Three Powers of the USSR, UK and USA. Key words Oder-Neisse Line • western border of Poland • Potsdam Conference • international boundaries Introduction districts – one for each successor – brought the loss, at first periodically and then irrevo- At the end of the 10th century, the Western cably, of the whole of Silesia and of Western border of Poland coincided approximately Pomerania. -
Of the Brackish Environment by Ponto-Caspian Amphipods: a Case Study of the German Baltic Sea
BioInvasions Records (2018) Volume 7, Issue 3: 269–278 Open Access DOI: https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2018.7.3.07 © 2018 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2018 REABIC Research Article The conquest (and avoidance?) of the brackish environment by Ponto-Caspian amphipods: A case study of the German Baltic Sea Ulrich Meßner1 and Michael L. Zettler2,* 1Nationalparkamt Müritz, Schlossplatz 3, 17237 Hohenzieritz, Germany 2Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany Author e-mails: [email protected] (UM), [email protected] (MZ) *Corresponding author Received: 7 March 2018 / Accepted: 25 June 2018 / Published online: 16 July 2018 Handling editor: Philippe Goulletquer Abstract Although an invasion of the brackish water biotopes was to be expected with the appearance of several Ponto-Caspian amphipods in German freshwaters two decades ago (and earlier), only recently (two years ago) the conquest of the mesohaline Baltic Sea could be observed. This discrepancy is a fortiori of interest as previous experimental studies showed that species like Dikerogammarus villosus and Obesogammarus crassus were able to tolerate both mesohaline and also polyhaline conditions. Two decades of invasion history in rivers and lakes have led to drastic faunal changes. If similar or analogue shifts will happen in brackish environments and if estuaries like the Stettin lagoon function not only as “a gate to the Baltic Sea” but also as a “catalyser” or acclimatisation area for invasive species remains to be seen. Simultaneously the question came up, why other also potentially brackish water species failed to colonise mesohaline waters although they partially arrived in the investigation area several decades ago (e.g. -
Low Sea Level Occurrence of the Southern Baltic Sea Coast
International Journal Volume 4 on Marine Navigation Number 2 and Safety of Sea Transportation June 2010 Low Sea Level Occurrence of the Southern Baltic Sea Coast I. Stanisławczyk, B. Kowalska & M. Mykita Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej, Oddział Morski, Gdynia, Poland ABSTRACT: The level of 440 cm is defined as the upper limit of low sea level. This value is also accepted as the warning level for navigation, according to the NAVTEX. The low sea levels along the southern Baltic Sea coast were analyzed in the years 1955 – 2005. Lowest values recorded ranged from 309 cm in Wismar to 370 cm in Kołobrzeg. The phenomenon was chiefly generated by hurricane like offshore winds. Extremely low levels were not frequent, their occurrence did not exceed more than 0,3% in Świnoujście and not more than 1% in Warnemünde. In summer months these phenomena occurred extremely seldom, they were more fre- quent in the western, than in the eastern part of the coast. Long-term variation and statistical analysis was pre- sented. Probability of low sea levels occurrence was calculated by Gumbel method and percentile distribution for 4 gauge stations was analyzed. The calculations revealed that, for instance, in Warnemünde once in 20 years the minimum sea level can be as low as 358 cm. 1 INTRODUCTION gauges in Wismar, Warnemünde, Sassnitz, Świnoujście and Kołobrzeg. The investigation was The mean sea level in the Baltic Sea has visibly in- realized by Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki creased during the last century. The global genera- Wodnej - Oddział Morski (IMGW OM) from the tors of this increase may be supported or reduced by Polish side and by Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und local influences. -
Natural and Anthropogenic Sediment Mixing Processes in the South-Western Baltic Sea
fmars-06-00677 November 9, 2019 Time: 14:41 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 12 November 2019 doi: 10.3389/fmars.2019.00677 Natural and Anthropogenic Sediment Mixing Processes in the South-Western Baltic Sea Dennis Bunke1*†, Thomas Leipe1, Matthias Moros1, Claudia Morys2†, Franz Tauber1, Joonas J. Virtasalo3, Stefan Forster2 and Helge W. Arz1 1 Department of Marine Geology, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW), Rostock, Germany, 2 Department of Marine Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany, 3 Marine Geology, Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), Espoo, Finland Edited by: Anas Ghadouani, The University of Western Australia, Natural and anthropogenic sediment mixing can significantly impact the fidelity of Australia sedimentary records of climate and environmental variability and human impact. This Reviewed by: can lead to incorrect interpretations of the previous state(s) of a given ecosystem, Andrzej Osadczuk, its forcing mechanisms, and its future development. Here, natural and anthropogenic University of Szczecin, Poland Shari L. Gallop, sediment mixing processes (i.e., bioturbation, hydroturbation and direct anthropogenic University of Waikato, New Zealand impact) are investigated in the south-western Baltic Sea by sedimentological, *Correspondence: ichnological, geochemical, and radionuclide analyses to assess their impact on time- Dennis Bunke [email protected] marker profiles and sediment deposition. Depth profiles of mercury and caesium- †Present address: 137 display a varyingly strong disturbance down to 5–25 cm. The deviations from Dennis Bunke, undisturbed profiles can be used to estimate the relative degree of sediment mixing. Institute of Geophysics and Geology, Sedimentary fabric analysis of high-resolution X-radiographs provides further insight into Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany Claudia Morys, bioturbation. -
Beiträge Zur Regionalentwicklung in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Greifswalder Beiträge zur Regional-, Freizeit- und Tourismusforschung Band 16 Beiträge zur Regionalentwicklung in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Forum für Regional-, Freizeit- und Tourismusforschung an der Universität Greifswald Greifswald 2005 Forum für Regional-, Freizeit- und Tourismusforschung an der Universität Greifswald c/o Lehrstuhl für Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeographie, Universität Greifswald Greifswalder Beiträge zur Regional-, Freizeit- und Tourismusforschung ISSN 0943-7371 Band 16 (2005): W. STEINGRUBE (Ed.): Beiträge zur Regionalentwicklung in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern; Selbstverlag, 1. Auflage, Greifswald 2005 Wie bisher werden die Greifswalder Beiträge … 16 (2005) über die Tauschstelle der Univer- sitätsbibliothek an die Bibliotheken aller mit Lehre und Forschung in der Geographie bzw. zum Themenkomplex Tourismus befassten Hochschulen im deutschen Sprachraum kosten- los (im Tausch gegen gleichartige Literatur) vergeben; andere Interessenten ggf. direkt den Herausgeber anfragen (Schutzgebühr 15 € plus Versandkosten). Vertrieb über den Buchhandel erfolgt wegen der kleinen Auflage nicht. Der Herausgeber ist ausdrücklich an der nicht-kommerziellen Weiterverbreitung der Informa- tionen aus den Greifswalder Beiträgen … 16 (2005) interessiert, natürlich nur unter korrekter Angabe der Quelle. Jede Form kommerzieller Nutzung unterliegt dem strengen Urheberrecht. Herausgeber: Prof. Dr. Wilhelm STEINGRUBE i.N. Forum für Regional-, Freizeit- und Tourismusforschung an der Universität Greifswald, Makarenkostraße 22 17487 Greifswald Tel.: 03834 – 86 45 40 Redaktion/Gestaltung: Dr. Wolfgang ALBRECHT (Redaktionsschluss 31.10. 2005) Manuskript/Texte+Tabellen: Gudrun LAST, Marie-Luise FUNK; Einbandkartogramm: Brigitta LINTZEN Druck/Binden: Kiebu-Druck GmbH Greifswald Für die in den einzelnen Beiträgen zum Ausdruck gebrachten Auffassungen und enthaltenen Informationen sind allein die jeweiligen Autor(inn)en verantwortlich. Greifswalder Beiträge zur Regional-, Freizeit- u . Tourismusforschung 16 (2005), S. 73-88 Tourismus und Militär an der Küste von MV im 20. -
Bug Peninsula/NW-Rügen
Quaternary Science Journal GEOZOn SCiEnCE MEDiA Volume 58 / number 2 / 2009 / 164–173 / DOi 10.3285/eg.58.2.05 iSSn 0424-7116 E&G www.quaternary-science.net Coastal evolution of a Holocene barrier spit (bug peninsula/NW- Rügen) deduced from geological structure and relative sea-level Michael naumann , Reinhard lampe, Gösta Hoffmann Abstract: The Bug peninsula/NW Rügen located at the south-western Baltic coast has been investigated to study coastal barrier evolution depending on Holocene sea-level rise. In this so far minor explored coastal section 25 sediment cores, seven ground-penetrating radar tracks and six sediment-echosounder tracks were collected from which six depositional facies types were derived. The data show that the recent peninsula consists of an about 10 m thick Holocene sediment sequence, underlain by Pleistocene till or (glaci-) fluviolimnic fine sand. Although no absolute age data could be gathered to estimate the chronostratigraphy of the sedimentary sequence the relation of the depositional facies to the local relative sea-level curve allow the reconstruction of the palaeogeographic evolution of the Bug barrier spit. The marine inundation of the area occurred around 7,000 BC during the Littorina transgression. In this stage the sea level rose rapidly and generated a fast increasing subaquatic accommodation space, where fine clastic material was deposited nearly or below the wave base and levelled the former relief. Accumulative coastal landforms grew to only minor extent because the accom- modation space increased faster than it was filled with material from neighbouring eroding cliffs. Since the time the sea-level rise decreased accumulation became more dominant and the main barrier was built up in only some two thousand years. -
Krynica Morska
Stralsund The Association of The Association of Sea Cities Sea Cities and Municipalities and Municipalities Pętla Żuławska Kaliningrad Lauterbach Stepnica Klaipėda A guide Nida to the ports and sea harbours of the South Coast Baltic – Vorpommern, Zachodniopomorskie, Pomorskie, Kaliningrad Region, Klaipėda Region Kołobrzeg Szczecin Gdańsk Ahlbeck Łeba www.southcoastbaltic.eu Gdańsk 2015 Explanation of the pictograms South Coast Baltic – sailing distances (in nautical miles) Additional information Policja All information from „A guide to the ports and sea harbours of the SOUTH COAST BALTIC“ Harbour master Berths for yachts Customs clearance Tourist information Police station ATM Post office Telephone Pharmacy as well as further information on the marketing initiative can also be found in the internet / harbour office on www.soutcoastbaltic.eu. (Rügen) Touristic information on the SOUTH COAST BALTIC regions can be found at: Hospital Café / Restaurant Bar Grocery supplies Gas cylinders Ship equipment Yacht club Accommodation Bicycle rental Vorpommern • Island of Rügen: www.ruegen.de Rostock-Warnemünde Stralsund Greifswald Lauterbach Sassnitz (Rügen) Świnoujście Szczecin Kołobrzeg Darłowo Ustka Władysławowo Gdańsk Baltiysk Kaliningrad Klaipėda Rønne (Bornholm) Kalmar (Sweden) Liepaja (Latvia) • Island of Usedom: www.usedom.de Car rental Toilets Showers Drinking water Electricity Waste disposal Waste oil disposal Effluent disposal Laundry facilities Rostock-Warnemünde x 55 77 79 78 110 147 139 164 179 233 306 285 308 330 108 215 340 at the pier -
Simulating Sea Surfaces for Modeling Viking Age Seafaring in the Baltic Sea
Simulating Sea Surfaces for Modeling Viking Age Seafaring in the Baltic Sea George Indruszewski1 and C. M. Barton2 1Viking Ship Museum Roskilde, Denmark 2School for Human Evolution and Social Change Arizona State University Tempe, AZ, USA [email protected] Abstract Inferences in nautical and maritime archaeology about sailing routes in the Viking Age in Northern Europe are based today almost entire- ly on historical information coupled with results gained from experimental archaeology. The authors propose here a third method, which combines computer simulation with the aforementioned information sources. These sources are used together with digital bathymetric models (DBM’s) of the Baltic seafloor, wind, current, and other real sailing parameters to create cost surfaces for modeling early medi- eval seafaring. Real sailing data obtained in the summer of 2004 with the Viking Age replica, Ottar, are used to model sea routes in the Baltic Sea. Both GIS-Esri and GRASS GIS are compared as modeling tools and used in least-cost path and anisotropic spread analyses to simulate sea routing in prehistoric land- and seascapes across which humans traveled more than a thousand years ago. The results of the study are evaluated in the context of experimental archaeology and modern sailing conditions in the Baltic Sea. 1 Introduction Maritime archaeology and, especially, historical research Blecingæg ond Meore ond Eowland ond Gotland dealing with Viking Age seafaring, have tried for a long time on bæcbord, ond Þas land hyrað to Sweon. Ond Weonodland wæs us ealne weg on steorbord oð to decipher the reasons behind the choice of a specific sea Wislemuðan. -
3-1 German Input to the Chapter on Warfare Materials.Pdf
Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission Expert Group on environmental risks of hazardous SUBMERGED 4-2016 submerged objects Tallinn, Estonia 12-14 April 2016 Document title German input to the Chapter on Warfare materials Code 3-1 Category DEC Agenda Item 3 – Warfare materials Submission date 22.3.2016 Submitted by Germany Reference Background The document includes a first draft of the translation (February 2016) of annex 10.2 of the report “Munitions in German Marine Waters - Stocktaking and Recommendations” (Effective: December, 5th, 2011) Link to the original annex 10.2 in German Language: http://www.schleswig- holstein.de/DE/UXO/TexteKarten/PDF/Berichte/anhang_10200.html Link to the report with annexes in German language: http://www.schleswig- holstein.de/DE/UXO/Themen/Fachinhalte/textekarten_Berichte.html Link to the abstract in English language: http://www.schleswig- holstein.de/DE/UXO/TexteKarten/PDF/blmp_kurzbericht_2011_EN.html - abridged translation (Effective: April 2012) Source: www.underwatermunitions.de Contact: [email protected] Action requested The Meeting is invited to use the material when drafting the chapter on warfare materials. Page 1 of 1 Contribution to HELCOM SUBMERGED 5 – Tallin First draft of the translation (February 2016) of annex 10.2 of the report “Munitions in German Marine Waters - Stocktaking and Recommendations” (Effective: December, 5th, 2011) Link to the original annex 10.2 in German Language: http://www.schleswig- holstein.de/DE/UXO/TexteKarten/PDF/Berichte/anhang_10200.html Link to the report with annexes in German language: http://www.schleswig- holstein.de/DE/UXO/Themen/Fachinhalte/textekarten_Berichte.html Link to the abstract in English language: http://www.schleswig- holstein.de/DE/UXO/TexteKarten/PDF/blmp_kurzbericht_2011_EN.html - abridged translation (Effective: April 2012) Source: www.underwatermunitions.de Contact: [email protected] 10.2.3.4. -
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Cycling Holiday
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Cycling holiday naturally relaxing Cycling tours between the Baltic Sea and Mecklenburg Lake District off-to-mv.com A country for high-achievers Naturally relaxed cycling holiday 4 Long-distance cycle routes 10 Baltic Sea cycle route 12 Hamburg-Rügen cycle route 16 Berlin-Copenhagen cycle route 18 Mecklenburg Lakes cycle route 20 Oder-Neiße cycle route 22 Berlin-Usedom cycle route 24 River Elbe-Lake Müritz cycle route 26 River Elbe cycle route 27 Cycling circuit tours 28 Manor house circuit tour 30 Fischland-Darß-Zingst circuit tour 32 Rügen circuit tour 34 Usedom circuit tour 36 Lake Müritz circuit tour 38 Day tour Romanticism in Vorpommern 40 Hand bike tours suitable for wheelchair users 42 MV map 46 2 Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Diverse tours through untouched nature always ending with a splash Experience freedom. Get on your bike and start your adventure. The wild romantic expanse between the Baltic Sea and the Lake District promises a varied holiday in the saddle. The most calf-friendly tours connect sea and lakes, Han- seatic cities and fishing villages, palaces and brick churches. Photo: TMV/outdoor-visions.com | photomontage: WERK3 | photomontage: TMV/outdoor-visions.com Photo: 3 Cycling paradise for your holidays Mecklenburg-Vorpommern starts where everyday life ends. Between the major cities of Hamburg and Berlin you will find a region that couldn't be more unique and full of variety. In this coastal area, the air tastes of sea, forests and cycle paths. Golden yellow fields of rapeseed, velvet flowers blooming in the meadows. A soft breeze green forests and blooming fields run open up like clears your head. -
Stralsunder Marineblatt I-2012
I /2012 ,&*2 Sommerlager 1955 3 Leuchtfeuer Neuland 7 Eisenbahnfähre Stralsund-Hafen – Altefähr 8 Leuchtfeuer Pelzerhaken 13 +.0#113+S Herausgeber: Marinekameradschaft Hansestadt Stralsund von 1892 / 1991 e.V. Redakteure und Layout: Helmut Böhm; Rainer Fallay 2 -++#0*%#0S[WW Auszug aus: "Erinnerungen an meine Dienstzeit" von FK a.D. Dr. Rolf Nahrendorf Das Programm der Ausbildung sah vor, dass die Offiziersschüler des 1. Lehrjahres der Offizierslehranstalten, die 1954 eingestellt worden waren, ein infanteristisches Sommerlager zu absolvieren hatten. Wie erst später bekannt wurde, beruhte die Durchführung eines solches infanteristischen Sommerlagers für Kursanten der Marineoffiziersschulen auf Erfahrungen der sowjetischen Marine, in der eine derartige Form der Ausbildung schon seit Jahren üblich war. Es ist aus der Erinnerung nicht mehr zu rekonstruieren, ob für die Dauer des Sommerlagers unseres Lehrganges sechs oder nur vier Wochen vorgesehen waren. Auf alle Fälle fand es den ganzen August 1955 über statt, und zwar auf der Halbinsel Bug auf Rügen, auf dem Gelände des ehemaligen Seefliegerhorstes. Dieser war im Zuge der Entmilitarisierung nach 1945 gesprengt und für eine Nutzung völlig unbrauchbar gemacht worden war. Es kursierte das Gerücht, dass die völlige Demontage aller Gebäude und Einrichtungen dieses Fliegerhorstes - sogar der Wohnhäuser und anderer zivil nutzbarer Bauten - ein "Sabotageakt" gewesen sei, denn der verantwortliche Sprengmeister soll anschließend in den Westen gegangen sein. Sein "Werk" sei also gegen jegliche Nutzung des Komplexes durch die Kasernierte Volkspolizei der DDR oder andere "potentielle Bedarfsträger" (so z.B. die sowjetischen Besatzungstruppen) gerichtet gewesen. Was von diesem Gerücht der Tatsache entsprach, ist uns niemals bekannt geworden. Eines Tages im Sommer 1955 hieß es jedenfalls für uns Offiziersschüler: Sachen packen für die Verlegung ins Sommerlager. -
Kriegers Flak Offshore Wind Farm
Kriegers Flak Offshore Wind Farm Marine Mammals EIA - Technical Report June 2015 a Energinet.dk This report is prepared for Energinet.dk as part of the EIA for Kriegers Flak Offshore Wind Farm. The report is prepared by Danish Center for Environment and Energy (DCE) at Aarhus University and DHI in collaboration with NIRAS. www.niras.dk Kriegers Flak Offshore Wind Farm MARINE MAMMALS Investigations and preparation of environmental impact assessment for Kriegers Flak DCE - Aarhus University, Roskilde DHI, Hørsholm June 2015 MARINE MAMMALS Investigations and preparation of environmental im- pact assessment for Kriegers Flak Offshore Wind Farm Report commissioned by Energinet.dk June 2015. Final version. Completed by: Rune Dietz1 Anders Galatius1 Lonnie Mikkelsen1 Jacob Nabe-Nielsen1 Frank F. Rigét1 Henriette Schack2 Henrik Skov2 Signe Sveegaard1 Jonas Teilmann1 Frank Thomsen2 1Danish Centre for Environment and Energy (DCE) - Aarhus University, Roskilde 2DHI, Hørsholm Quality assurance, DCE: Jesper R. Fredshavn Table of contents 1 Summary ......................................................................................................................... 4 2 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 8 2.1 Purpose of this report ............................................................................................................ 8 3 Project description .......................................................................................................