A PRELIMINARY REGISTER OF OLD SCHOOLS IN LANCASHIRE AND CHESHIRE1

BY P. J. WALLIS, M.A., F.I.M.A., F.R.HIST.S.

1. Terms like revolution or explosion are used frequently to describe the rapid changes now taking place in education, par­ ticularly since the first sputnik indicated so clearly the great developments in man's control over nature. This event brought home to many the need for much greater resources for education, and emphasised the closer relationship between the two great movements which have been called the Second Scientific and Second Educational Revolutions. The term Second is used to distinguish them from the First of some three and a half cen­ turies ago. It is now realised that the Reformation was not a blow to English education, but that, on the contrary, it marked the overthrow of the old system and made possible the rapid expansion of education. In Lancashire, as in other parts of the country, the traders of the city and the lower gentry, themselves so often traders in land, were moved by a new vision of society . . . and they possessed at once the wealth and the generosity required to translate their vision into social and cultural reality. Nationally it has been argued that 'English higher education did not get back to the level of the 1630s until after the first World War; did not surpass it until after the Second'. 2

1 This paper is based on the lecture given to the Society at Liverpool on 16 November 1967. Many points made then have been omitted, but the Lancashire results were only given summarily and are here presented in detail for the first time. At the lecture the writer expressed his indebtedness to Mr J. J. Bagley, who first suggested this paper more than fifteen years ago. The final form owes much to suggestions by members at the lecture and since, particularly to Mr C. D. Rogers of Didsbury College of Education. Nobody is more aware than the author that the Register is only a preliminary effort, and he would be grateful to readers who forward corrections and additions. 2 The reader interested in the evidence behind the generalisations in this para­ graph could usefully consult Joan Simon, Education and Society in Tudor England (1966) and W. K. Jordan, Philanthropy in England (1959). The latter work is based on local surveys of which that for Lancashire was published by the Chetham Society (Series 3, xi, 1962); the first quotation is from p. 105 of that work. The second quotation is from the conclusion (p. 69) of L. Stone, The Educational Revolution in England, 1540-1640', Past and Present no. 28, July 1964. 1 2 REGISTER OF OLD SCHOOLS 2. The last statement was based on the proportionate entry of male students to universities; since the latter cannot grow unless the schools provide the students, it is also a comment on school provision. It is, however, more difficult to estimate statistically the growth of school provision, as the number of pupils of different ages at school at anytime is quite unknown. W. K. Jordan has made an effort to measure the endowment of schools before 1660, but his results have been criticised, partly because they ignored the real value of money and also because of his ignorance of English local history. More than twenty years ago an effort was made to compile 'A Register of Old Yorkshire Grammar Schools'3 but little comparable work has appeared since. It is clear, however, that the numbers of func­ tioning schools can give some measure of educational provision, and this paper attempts to give this measure for Lancashire and Cheshire. It is important to remember that schools today are much larger and more permanent than they were three centuries ago. The individual items in Tables 2 and 3 refer to some form of education in the particular locality mentioned at the time stated, but do not necessarily imply continuity of the institution through different periods. Both this and the Yorkshire registers refer only to schools existing by 1699, when the formation of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge indicated that the main impetus in educational development had changed to that of the later elementary schools. Readers who are aware of the complexities of secondary provision today, with comprehensive, grammar and many other types of school, will appreciate the difficulties of distinguishing grammar schools (indicated by capitals) in the following tables. Criteria used include the sending of pupils to universities, 4 indicated by the letter U, requirements of charters and rules, university education of a master, the teaching of classics, and contemporary references. It is well known that a school could satisfy this definition of a grammar school at one period and not at others, so capitals are only used if there is some such indication before 1700. The sum­ mary in Tables 2 and 3 is arranged chronologically, with the period up to 1816 divided into nine: Medieval, before 1480;

3 In an article by the writer and W. E. Tate with this title, in the University of Leeds Institute of Education Researches and Studies no. 13 (1956), pp. 64-104, with separate reprints. Not all the discussion in the introduction to that article is repeated here. Some statistics quoted later refer to material collected since for a new edition.

4 See the 1956 article (notes 10-19) for detailed references and the warning that Cambridge records are much more complete than those at Oxford. REGISTER OF OLD SCHOOLS 3 Renaissance, 1480-1545; Reformation, 1545-8; later Tudor, 1548-1603; early Stuart, 1603-40; Commonwealth, 1640-60; later Stuart, 1660-99; early eighteenth century, 1699-1760; later eighteenth century, 1760-1816. This division is fine enough to indicate trends in a school's history and yet broad enough to avoid unnecessary repetition and to cloak ignorance of much detail. To supplement the facts given, the reader should consult the authorities indicated and particularly those in the final bibliography column, where B refers to a school history and b a relevant parish history. 5

3. Tables 2 and 3 include references to three other national surveys, which can now be briefly mentioned. Another American scholar, A. R. M. Stowe, tried to list (with references) all the English Grammar Schools in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth in a book of that title published in 1908, and these are indicated by the letter e below the 1603 date. More recently, W. A. L. Vincent 6 listed those schools existing before, during and after, or only during 1600-60, and these are shown by V or v under the 1640 date. The third national survey was contem­ porary, and made by Christopher Wase about 1673 in the first educational questionnaire; the letters Q, q in the later Stuart column refer to material in the Wase Collection, where the capital indicates that it supplements the information given much later by Nicholas Carlisle, whose own questionnaire has been lost. 7 Apart from these and later national surveys mentioned

5 Details are given in the writer's Histories of Old Schools: A Revised List for England and Wales (1966), (copies available from the University Department of Education, Newcastle upon Tyne), a corrected reprint of articles in the British Journal of Education Studies (1965-6). It should be emphasised that this does not include individual biographies, although any available for masters or pupils may be very useful. It does include many authorities which have been consulted in preparing the tables to this article and are not mentioned here; these include several unpublished university theses, most prepared under the supervision of Dr A. L. Gregory of Manchester University School of Education. 6 The State and School Education, 1640-1660 (1950). 7 For the survey published by Carlisle see paragraph 6. For the Wase material see the writer's 'Wase School Collection', Bodleian Library Record iv (1952), pp. 78-104, and 'Westmorland schools about 1676', Transactions of the Cumber­ land and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaeological Society (2) Ixvii (1967) pp. 168-85. In the 1952 article (p. 84) it was remarked that 'The collection seems to have been used most extensively for schools in the Lancashire and Cheshire district', and references were given for extracts by J. P. Earwaker in the Manches­ ter Courier and 1877-8 Local Gleanings. There is now renewed interest in the Wase returns and the Cheshire items have been published in The Cheshire Sheaf (4th series) vol. 2, 1968. The new book by W. A. L. Vincent, The Grammar Schools: Their Continuing Tradition 1660-1714 (1969), makes extensive use of the Wase manuscripts. 4 REGISTER OF OLD SCHOOLS below, there were many local church visitations, in which the schoolmasters are included with the rest of the clergy. These were usually by the Bishop, and so occur in the Chester Diocesan Records, with copies in various libraries, but one of the earliest was by the Archbishop in 1578 and so is among the York records. 8 These or other records of individual school masters are only indicated in Tables 2 and 3 (by the letters T or t when the master had or had not a university education) when there is no other indication of the school functioning in the relevant period. A much better known but slightly different local survey is that of Francis Gastrell, Bishop of Chester 1714-25, which was published by the Chetham Society9 more than a hundred years ago. Although prepared after our date-line of 1699, there are many references in the survey to schools before this year; unfortunately not all the statements are fully docu­ mented or dated. 4. Legal records of various kinds are frequently very useful. Wills and other deeds often give details of endowments, indi­ cated by the letter E. These are sometimes in land and sometimes in money, but do not necessarily mark the beginning of a school; there are many examples of a benefactor wishing to strengthen a school where he had been a pupil. Frequently, too, there would be some kind of assessment or local rate to help a school, perhaps to provide a special building when it was no longer thought desirable to continue, as was often the case, in the local church. The letter B refers to a new building, sometimes a replacement, and sometimes a house for the master, which was an indirect way of supplementing his salary. The provision of a scholarship (S) to a university was another indirect way of endowing a school. The Letters Patent or School Charter, indicated by P, often included references to the curriculum and organisation of the school, as well as legally establishing the trust, but sometimes the Charter indicated who was to deter­ mine separate statutes, orders or regulations, indicated by R. Occasionally it was necessary to amend these and resort had to be made to the costly process of securing a separate Act of Parliament (A); it was more usual to take disputes to the Court

8 See, e.g. J. Brownbill, 'List of Clergymen, etc. in the diocese of Chester 1691', Chetham Society (2) Ixxiii (1915), and the Farrer MSS in Manchester Reference Library. The York 1563-5 Call Lists and 1578 Visitation Returns (RVI A7-8) have long been neglected but it is hoped that they will shortly be published locally. Edited by F. R. Raines as 'Notitia Cestriensis' i (Cheshire) and ii (Lancashire, in three parts), 1845 and 1849-50. REGISTER OF OLD SCHOOLS 5 of Chancery, particularly to the Commissioners for Charitable Usages 10 established at the end of Elizabeth's reign, and such cases are denoted by C. 5. In the early days most schools had only one master, but if the number of pupils grew beyond fifty or so a second, often called an usher, would be employed. Sometimes there could be two ushers and more often specialist masters, particularly for writing 11 and mathematics. Small numbers, such as 2 or 3, indicate the total number of staff known at a particular period, while larger numbers, like 100, show the number of pupils; these would usually be boys, but the known presence of girls is indi­ cated by g. In view of the important religious battles in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, puritan or non-conformist teachers are indicated by N (if known to have gone to a univer­ sity) and n, while catholics are shown by c. A school library (L) often indicated a certain stability and standing, although it is not always easy to distinguish between parish or school libraries and those belonging to the schoolmaster personally. 12 Where libraries or lists of books are extant, they provide useful indi­ cations of the curriculum in vogue. Sometimes this information can be obtained from individual books13 written by the school­ master; these were often published by subscription and the lists would include (old) pupils and neighbouring schoolmasters. From these and other sources, the teaching of particular sub­ jects is indicated by letters: French (F), Greek (G), Hebrew (H), Mathematics (M), arithmetic or accounts (m), Writing (W). 14

6. The development of an industrial society led to a wide­ spread reform movement in the nineteenth century and much attention was paid to education. Mention has already been made

10 Public Record Office, Lists and Indexes No. 10 (1899). 11 A. Heal, The English Writing-Masters and Their Copy-Books (1931 and 1962 reprint), abridged as The English Penman (1945), lists many writing-masters, but is not as complete for those in the provinces. 12 See R. C. Christie, 'The Old Church and School Libraries of Lancashire' Chetham Society (2) vii (1885), and N. Ker (ed.), The Parochial Libraries of the Church of England (1959). 13 Books in English Grammar are being listed by R. C. Alston, A Bibliography of the English Language . . . to the year 1800, 20 volumes (1965- in process) and those in mathematics by the writer in A Biobibliography of British Mathematics and its Applications up to 1850, in preparation. 14 Unclassified references to a school, which are useful to indicate continuity, are shown by an asterisk (*). 6 REGISTER OF OLD SCHOOLS of Nicholas Carlisle, who printed the results of his survey in 1818 in his Endowed Grammar Schools (2 vol.). The reports, which vary greatly in quality, are arranged by counties, with Cheshire and Lancashire both in the first volume. The first authorities column in the register (i.e. Tables 2 and 3) is an index to Carlisle, and the next to the large folio volumes15 (pub­ lished 1819-40) of the Report of the Commissioners for inquiring concerning Charities (CCR). Throughout the nineteenth century there was a number of semi-private surveys of secondary school provision, of which one of the best was The Educational Register (ER) of 1851-5, prepared by Joseph Whitaker (of Almanack fame) in conjunction with J. H. Parker, the Oxford and London publisher. Schools given in one or more of these five volumes are indicated by an asterisk in the appropriate column, and more precise references can be obtained from the index. 16 The later reform movement brought its own survey of secondary pro­ vision, issued in twenty-one volumes in 1869 as the report of the Schools Inquiry Commission (SIC), often known as the Taunton Report, after its chairman. The later volumes of this series give the returns on individual schools arranged in regions; Lancashire and Cheshire occur in vol. xvii and the pages for the particular schools are indicated. The returns summarise those of the earlier Charity Commission; sometimes useful material about a school is contained in earlier volumes, but such refer­ ences are not given here. The letters VCH, for Victoria County History, are so well-known that it is hardly necessary to explain the next (and penultimate) column which, of course, only occurs in the Lancashire section (Table 2). In the early VCH period there was an all-inclusive article on schools, usually written by A. F. Leach, like that in Lancashire ii (1908), pp. 561-624, but sometimes the histories of separate parishes contain information about particular schools. 7. The symbols used in Tables 2 and 3 have all been explained. It might be helpful to summarise by taking an example, Bury. This is first met in an unspecified mention in 1573 (actually to a scholar aged six); in the early Stuart period there is an endow­ ment and pupil(s) are known to have gone to the university, as in the next three periods. Vincent was not aware of this pre-1600 reference. During the Commonwealth period the school was investigated by the Commissioners for Charitable Usages and a 15 The Cheshire returns are in vol xxxi (1837) and those for Lancashire spread among the following: a iii (1820); b xi (1824); c xv (1827); d xvi (1828); e xix (1828);fxx(1829);gxxi(1829). 16 By the writer, in British Journal of Educational Studies, xiii (1964), pp. 50-70. REGISTER OF OLD SCHOOLS 7 Library was known. In the early eighteenth century there was a further endowment, regulations, mention of Greek and of an usher, and the latter probably continued in the later part of the century. Readers interested in any other particular school will be able to interpret the evidence in a similar way.

8. The number of functioning schools in any one period is indicated by the totals at the bottom of the columns in Tables 2 and 3. These seem to show a steady rise up to 1700, but the figures have to be used with caution. It might seem that there was less provision during the Commonwealth than just before and just after, but it is necessary to remember that both the periods before and after are about twice as long as that of 1640- 60; consequently there is less chance, merely on these grounds, of a school functioning throughout the period leaving a record during the Commonwealth. On the other hand, to divide the totals by the length of the period would be making too much allowance; a school functioning throughout the period could have left records in 1610, 1630, 1650, 1670 and 1690, but such division would equate that of 1650 with the pair before and also with the pair after. Clearly, then, some but not total, allowance is necessary to take into account the different period-lengths if comparison is to be made.

9. Table I gives an analysis of the numbers of schools whose first dates fall in the periods indicated. In this case each school is mentioned only once and it is permissible to divide by the period length to find an annual rate of foundation. Separate results are given for both counties and then for the two together, and the combined result is shown in the column graph (Figure 1). The results for Yorkshire, from a revision of the above-mentioned 1956 Register are added for comparison.1 ' There are then similar results for the north eastern and north western counties (Durham and Northumberland; Cumberland and Westmorland) added from incomplete, unpublished results by the present writer. The final figures given here, for some nine hundred schools, are a first attempt to summarise the position for the northern province.

17 See note 3 for the Yorkshire Register. The figures given are not comparable in an absolute sense as those for Yorkshire are restricted to grammar schools. REGISTER OF OLD SCHOOLS

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First date school mentioned Figure 1.

FIRST DATES OF OLD SCHOOLS IN LANCASHIRE AND CHESHIRE REGISTER OF OLD SCHOOLS

Table I

FIRST DATES OF NORTHERN SCHOOLS" 1480 1548 1603 1640 1660 1699 Totals Cheshire 1 5 41 17 7 29 100 Lanes 5 19 38 48 26 52 188 L & C 6-02 24 -35 791-44 65 1-76 33 1 -60 81 2-08 288

Yorks 34 -14 31 -46 77 1 -40 96 2-60 43 2-15 792-00 360 NE 14 3 22 11 31 19 100 NW 4 7 27 20 12 76 146 North 58 -2 65 1-0 205 3-7 1925-2 1196-0 255 6-5 894

a The annual figures for the pre-1480 period are obtained by taking an arbi­ trary period length of 250 years.

Key to the Tables 2 and 3 Approximate dates are indicated by italicising the last figure (e.g. 1620), and the numbers indicate those paragraphs above where an explanation of the symbol can be found: A-4 P-4 B^t Q, q-3 B, b (last coI.)-2 C-4 S-4 c-5 T, t-3 E-4 U-2 e-3 V, v~3 F-5 W-5 G-5 small numbers-5 g-5 larger numbers-5 H-5 CCR-6 L-5 ER-6 M, m-5 S/C-6 N, n-5 VCH-6 10 REGISTER OF OLD SCHOOLS

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Z < < « < ^ <^< -< CQ CQ CQ 'p3 CQ BLACKPOOL, BISPHAM 1589 U t v BE2 C T BWmg b222 167 612 B BLACKROD 1568 ES e EU V U q BE B2U 638 e!84 * 177 607 B Blawith 1697 B E a226 542 BOLTON LE MOORS 1524 E E2UC v CBLU2 qLU2 2U 2UWM 639 e!55 182 596 b RUMWORTH (Deane) 1590 E E C t * * e253 558 616 B BOLTON LE SANDS 1625 EB v t E c24l * 190 613 Bretherton, see Croston BRINDLE 1623 E E E E # c 97 542 BROUGHTON 1527 E E t V t * b342 196 in Furness 1657 E E t EBWm a219 198 b also see Salford Browedge, see Holker BURNLEY 1532 * EUcSBe cU2 V U qUB UL WM 641 c 65 * 200 607 B REGISTEROFOLDSCHOOLS1 BURTON WOOD 1605 C v U BR * EC f!92 * 204 * BURY 1573 * EU v ULC U ERGU2 2 644 e2!6 * 207 612 B Holcombe 1664 * * Wm b Carleton 1680 B Wm b313 544 618 CARTMEL 1590 c B v T U U B2 645 a 183 « 217 611 b FELL 1650 t T E a!86 Caton 1673 t BE t C277 544 CATTERALL 1661 v U Childwall, see Liverpool, Woolton CHIPPING 1650 t U 2 t c 36 * 544 617 b CHORLEY 1611 BU v T 65 648 clOO * 222 610 Chorlton, see Manchester Chowbent, see Atherton Church 1645 t 2 CLIFTON 1648 E E Wm8 b258 226 CLITHEROE 1283 E P2UB e CUR2V 2 qU2W 2U 2UB 651 c 74 * 227 605 B Cockerham 1619 t BE t c250 * 233 613 COLNE 1557 e U v U EU U G c 81 235 b COLTON 1662 U EB a!95 * 239 CROSBY 1618 (see SeftonJ 2RWL v T QL U 2Wm f 147 240 611 B CROSTON 1660 BE t * cl!2 546 b Table 2 continued

OLD LANCASHIRE SCHOOLS School hvents A utnonties Jl> * £ First 1480 1545 1548 1603 1640 1660 1699 1760 1816 1 £ as ^ G rS NAME Date 0 U k) 10 ^ B3

Bretherton 1622 t V E t * t cI41 194 Guerdon 1673 EB * c!85 546 617 DALTON 1654 T 247 IN FURNESS 1622 E v C M a203 247 FURNESS ABBEY 1530 * SCHOOLSREGISTEROLDOF IRELETH 1608 EBWmv t T GWm GWml2 a203 * B Lindal 1627 t t t DARWEN 1620 U v t Deane, see Bolton le Moors Denron, see Aldringham DENTON 1638 U v U Derby, West 1 578 t C * B f!61 564 616 Didsbury, see Manchester Downham 1 565 * t E c 87 546 Downholland, Barton 1631 t ECCLES 1608 B v U U * t d 94 ELLENBROOK 1617 U t t Eccleston 1597 E c CB C g240 248 ELLEL 1651 v U t E B c252 546 Ellenbrook, see Eccles Elswick 1698 Entwistle, see Turton Esprick, see Greenhalgh Euxton 1 622 t BEWm E c!87 546 Falinge, see Rochdale REGISTER OF OLD SCHOOLS 13

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x: f 1 O L_ EsprickGreenhalgh, Harwood,Blaisee Haslingden,RGARSTANG ABRAM Browedge HUYTON HALSALL HESKIN Heywood Huncoat KIRKHAM LEYLAND FLIXTON Grange Halton Hoole LEIGH Haigh Leek Table 2 continued

OLD LANCASHIRE SCHOOLS

School Events Authorities

S := X First 1480 1545 1548 1603 1640 1660 1699 1760 1816 « £ j^- NAME Date (j \j 5 5 ^ 55 Lindal, see Dalton L1TTLEBOROUGH 1648 v U E B t c283 542 618 LIVERPOOL 1515 E t C2 e 2 V U t RW U 671 f90 593 B Childwall, see Woolton TOXTETH PARK 1611 B t U B Walton 1610 EB v q * C152 615 Woolton 1606 EC v * qC EU t f 89 554 616 LONGTON 1552 E e C V t Q 2 c!94 * 357 605 o Lostock 1614 t E e!96 554 r LOWICK 1682 t W a227 310 O Lytham 1633 t t EB B b30l 554 621 b c/> Maghull 1626 t B e!23 554 O I MANCHESTER 1506 E2 * U2 e U V U2 qU3 4UW 5BU 672 d!03 * 313 578 B O Blackley 1581 t t n E BWm d!87 o Chatham's 1649 EBL50 PWm 60 80 d!2l 554 B r" Chorlton 1592 t E C * E d!90 b DIDSBURY 1627 t U E t * d!92 546 617 b Gorton 1592 t L Wm d!96 548 NEWTON HEATH 1628 T U B E EWmg d200 554 Mawdesley 1688 E * B cl51 Melling 1677 t BE * e!25 Wray 1674 E c299 451 MEOLS, North 1593 E t E E E e!54 348 b MIDDLETON 1265 * U t P2U200 2 V 2CWU q2 2 45 705 e260 * 336 574 B Milnrow, Butterworth 1630 t E2 e283 544 Mitton 1689 Eg Morecambe, Heysham 1674 t c261 550 Nelson 1665 3c Newduirch in Pendle, see Nelson Newton in Makerfield 1646 V B E t Wm 90 556 623 b OLDHAM 1606 EG v C t t t d222 * 349 610 B ORMSKIRK 1584 c EC2 v E CQUE2 T t f!09 * 352 610 B Lathom 1565 V t BE EG 100 f!26 518 Padiham 1565 * B E * c 96 556 Parbold 1598 t 71 Penketh 1696 n m Pilling 1604 t E Wm b230 398 a Pennington, see Ulverston C/l Penwortham, see Longton H Pilkington, see Whitetield Pleasington 1658 t * c 28 556 Poulton le Fylde 1607 t t BL Wm b309 * 622 Preesall 1687 E 371 O PRESCOT 1544 B E e T V U q UB 2R 709 g219 * 367 578 B t- FA RN WORTH 1507 E 2 V e E V q * Wm 653 g246 * 436 589 B Whiston 1662 t C LO PRESTON 1358 t E 41 c 2 v U BqURW 2U 2Wm40 712 b321 * 373 569 b O Prestwich 1532 * t t t I RADCL1FFE 1639 t U t t O Rainford 1641 t CBE * U g253 558 O Rawtenstall, see Rossendale Ribby 1694 E EBg b270 558 618 Ribchester 1578 t t L t EWm c 44 558 b RINGLEY 1623 E U U * B100 d240 558 616 RISHTON 1656 U R1V1NGTON 1566 EP2U114e 2g V U QU 2BU 4Wmg 714 e!96 * 382 606 B ROCHDALE 1562 EB59U2e U V cu qUW U 718 e267 * 390 606 B Buersill 1673 t Castleton 1626 B Falinge 1675 n Shawfield 1670 t Table 2 continued OLD LANCASHIRE SCHOOLS School Events Aiithorities

£ '> := X s- First 1480 1545 1548 1603 1640 1660 1699 1760 1816 .0 1 2 * &i § NAME Date 0 U Iq 55 U « Rossendale 1605 t t t t 550 b Haslingden 1622 t v t E EBWm c 89 550 b Newchurch 1661 t EBR t c 92 343 Rufford 1523 E t B Rumworth, see Bolton REGISTEROFOLDSCHOOLS Saint Helen's 1619 E t B * b SAINT MICHAEL ON WYRE 1548 * t t b352 397 603 b Salford 1593 t t UL U Broughton 1 663 t Samlesbury 1684 t t c 30 558 624 b Scarisbrick 1582 c E E C E B f!37 560 620 Sefton 1 540 * t t t Silverdale 1683 t t Speke 1591 t Staining, see Poulton Stalmine 1677 Stand, see Whitefleld t STANDISH 1520 t * E2B v U QRG2 2U c214 * 400 609 b Staveley 1618 t t EB U a!83 b Stretford 1656 t t EB t 560 b Swarthmoor, see Ulverston Tarleton 1650 v E t BWm c239 402 Tatham 1597 t E2 * c301 560 624 Thornton Cleveleys 1677 t Torver 1674 t B EWm a225 560 b Toxteth Park, see Liverpool Tunstall 1621 # t B * c301 405 614 b Turton 1 664 E E e211 562 Entwistle 1619 t Ulverston 1623 t E C E EBWg a221 * 407 614 b Pennington 1675 * a221 b Swarthmoor 1674 n t d!02 b UPHOLLAND 1604 t t RQBU2 2 T g310 * 410 613 B Urmston 1681 E URSWICK 1580 EP2 e V U U U UWmg a228 * 415 608 b

Walney, see Barrow JS Walton, see Liverpool m WALTON LE DALE 1624 E U EU t c 32 562 617 C WARRINGTON 1520 ER T T e C V U "5 2 U f!66 417 601 B WARTON 1585 P2Wm e E V U U2 t * c306 * 427 609 b WHALLEY 1478 * * * PS e U2 V Q B w 720 c 52 * 430 604 m Whiston, see Prescot 73 Whitefield (Stand or Pilkington) 1666 E BU B d237 365 B

Whittingham 1641 t t O WHITTINGTON 1663 T BE 564 b r Whitworth 1650 V * E * 564 621 O Widnes, see Prescot Farnworth c/> WIGAN 1557 E e E2RU U qR2U 2UE T 722 g263 * 440 609 B n Windle 1613 E t E B g255 564 x o Winstanley 1676 t o WIN WICK. 1547 E U B V U U U U 733 f!94 448 603 b Withnell 1678 t BE Woodplumpton 1587 t t EB t E b361 564 616 Woolton, see Liverpool Worsley, Hulton 1671 B Worthington 1695 t Wray, see Melling WYRESDALE 1604 t T U t c288 * 453 b TOTALS: Grammar Schools 83 5 16 14 37 22 58 50 64 73 70 66 22 68 36 68 51 All Schools 188 5 19 15 56 22 92 57 86 157 136 118 22 128 40 125 70 REGISTER OF OLD SCHOOLS

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GOOSTREY 1618 U v U E * t 722 148 b Grappenhall 1627 E t B t 737 148 H ALTON 1600 t UE v U U * m 748 * 42 * Handley 1610 t Hargrave, see Tarvin Harthill 1674 t

Haslington 1578 t t * Heswall 1622 t Holmes Chapel, see Cranage Hoole, Plem(on) -stall 1667 E B HOYLAKE, WEST KIRBY 1592 t E v EC 2 Wm 472 * 101 B Ince 1671 t * KNUTSFORD 1537 * * e V U Uq 2 G50 111 738 * 46 b Legh, High 1578 t t t B 744 Table 3 continued

OLD CHESHIRE SCHOOLS

School Events Authorities ._ tfli ._____ Q, X First 1480 1545 1548 1603 1640 1660 1699 1760 1816 U 'dajo NAME Date U O U; 71 Leighton 1578 t rn LYMM 1592 t v U UE2 2U 2Wmgl30 112 741 * 49 B O MACCLESFIELD 1502 E EP2U e U V U UQ3 2BW GFWmU3 117 518 * 53 B C/: H MALPAS 1527 E * t t q T 2UB 123 577 * 64 B m Marbury 1578 t C C qB E t 640 148 73 MARPLE 1620 * v E WE t 560 66 0 MICKLE TI TRAFFORD 1687 EU E O MIDDLEW1CH 1563 t T v LIB UE B T 124 700 150 MOBBERLEY 1657 CE C T t 742 150 b O MORETON GREEN 1617 U v n MOTTRAM 1563 t ECBGv U Q t t 495 * 68 b I NANTW1CH 1548 * BU e 2U V UE Uq2 2U 2WU 644 * 73 B o NESTON 1620 E T t t t o NORBURY 1694 U E t t- NORTHWICH, C/3 WITTON 1557 EPRU e UC V U Q 2U RU2 129 438 * 104 B Ollerton 1690 EB E 741 150 OVER, DARNHALL 1684 EGg U t 608 * 77 Plem(on)stall, see Hoole Pott, Shrigley 1684 E t t 543 Prestbury 1665 t EB t 504 150 b Pulford 1671 t Rode, Odd, see Astbury ROSTHERNE 1638 E U M Sale, Ashton 1657 C EBq t WmB 727 SANDBACH 1578 t U UE U T 705 * 80 b Saughall 1632 t Shotwick 1677 t t Stanney, see Stoke STOCKPORT 1487 E U e BU V U Uq U T 125 551 * 86 B Stoke, Stanney 1632 B T t 477 152 Stretton 1612 t Sutton 1689 E 549 Swettenham 1578 t JO m TARPORLEY 1636 E T T T M 612 152 O TARVIN 1578 E e V U WU U 127 427 91 MARGRAVE 1627 E v 110 428 * 93 TATTENHALL 1610 E E EU E E 419 152 Thornton-le-Moors 1578 t U B 617 152 b Thurstaston 1692 t T b Tilston 1673 E t 592 152 WALLASEY 1595 t E v E E t B 128 479 * 96 b O Warmingham 1671 E B t 725 154 r WEAVERHAM 1563 t B ' E E t 431 * 98 O WESTON 1641 T Uq b Wettenhall 1671 t I Whitley 1645 BE * 736 154 O Wigland * O Wilmslow 1560 T * E B t 566 154 b Wistaston 1555 * t Witton, see Northwich Woodchurch 1563 t EB L T M 483 154 b WRENBURY 1605 EU RUq T t 664 154 Wybunbury 1563 t t v E t 669 154 TOTALS: Grammar Schools 39 1 5 3 24 10 29 24 26 37 36 34 15 33 22 32 All Schools 78 1 5 3 47 10 45 24 36 80 75 58 15 62 23 59