Appendices Own production.Source:Eurostat,Eurostatistics.Dataforshorttermeconomicanalysis . 05/11. Map A.1 EU27 AverageEU27 2% Public Deficit2010 2009-2010 Annual GrowthoftheGDP. EU27 Average=6.4%EU27 Public Deficit (-)/Surplus (+)asa%ofGDP Public Deficit(-)/Surplus 2009 and2010(by%) 2009 betweenthe4thquartersof Growth oftheGDP,

| Economic -6.4% and-4% Deficit between than -30% Deficit greater 2% and3% Between -1% Less than

Crisis -4% and0% Deficit between -11% and-9% Deficit between 3% and5% Between -1% and1% Between

in

the

EU.

Basic 1% and2% Between Over 5% -9% and-6.4% Deficit between Surplus

Indicators EU27 AverageEU27 9.5% Unemployment Rate.December2010 Public Debt2010 EU27 Average=80% EU27 Public debtasa%ofGDP Harmonized unemploymentrates(by%) and 50% Between 80% 100% Over 9.5% and7.5% Between 15% Over and 30% Between 50% and 90% Between 100% 7.5% and5% Between and 12% Between 15% and 80% Between 90% Under 30% and 9.5% Between 12% 5% Under

305 Med.2011 Appendices 306 Med.2011 Appendices

Map A. 2 | Civil War in (February 16 - April 29)

February 16-21 March 19-20

Tunisia Tripoli Bayda Shahhat Tunisia Tripoli Bayda Shahhat Darnah Darnah Al Aziziyah Al Khums Al Marj Al Aziziyah Al Khums Al Marj Wazen Yafren Misurata Tobruk Wazen Yafren Misurata Tobruk Gharyan Benghazi Gharyan Benghazi Jadu Kiklah Jadu Kiklah Nalut Zintan Nalut Zintan KabawRehibat Bani Kabaw Rehibat Bani Surt Walid Surt Walid Adjabiya Adjabiya Brega Brega Ghadamis Ras Lanuf Egypt Ghadamis Ras Lanuf Egypt

Awjilah Awjilah Hun Maradah Jalu Hun Maradah Jalu

Al Fuqaha Al Fuqaha Birak Birak Adiri Adiri Sabha Sabha Protests, violence or attacks Awbari Awbari Under rebel control Marzuq Marzuq Tazirbu Zighan Tazirbu Zighan Rebel forces

Government forces March 29 April 28-29 Coalition attacks

Tunisia Tripoli Bayda Shahhat Tunisia Tripoli Bayda Shahhat Darnah Al Aziziyah Al Khums Al Marj Darnah Al Aziziyah Al Khums Al Marj Wazen Yafren Misurata Tobruk Yafren Misurata Tobruk Gharyan Benghazi Wazen Gharyan Benghazi Jadu Kiklah Jadu Kiklah Nalut Zintan Nalut Zintan Kabaw Rehibat Bani Surt Kabaw Rehibat Bani Surt Walid Walid Adjabiya Adjabiya Brega Brega Ghadamis Ras Lanuf Egypt Ghadamis Ras Lanuf Egypt

Awjilah Awjilah Hun Maradah Jalu Hun Maradah Jalu

Al Fuqaha Al Fuqaha Birak Birak Adiri Adiri Sabha Sabha Awbari Awbari

Marzuq Marzuq Tazirbu Zighan Tazirbu Zighan

Source: New York Times www.nytimes.com Own production.Source: IEMed,EuromedSurveyofExperts andActors.Euro-MediterraneanPartnership anditseconomicfinancialdimension Map A.3 2 1 Results are the average on a scale of 0-10. (0Very Very of0-10. Results are disappointing–10 theaverageonascale positive) Questions. and September2010? 2008 November between Secretariat UfM the of uo setting B.3 How would you asses progress made regarding the regarding made progress asses you would How B.3 in thefromJuly2008-September2010 period? the of results the Mediterranean the for of Partnership/Union Euromediterranean assessment global your is What B.1 Results bytypeofinstitution

| Euromed the

Euro-Mediterranean 4.31 4 3 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 Maghreb 4.00 4.11 4 3 2 1

Survey: Mediterranean EU Mediterranean 6.36 4.17 Public actors 5.68 5.78 4.39 1

Experts 6.51 4.17 5.31

Association

and

Actors 4.184.45 4.66

4 3 2 1 2 in Rest of the EU Rest ofthe

4.79 5.06 the 5.83

3 Euro-Mediterranean 4 Experts the Mediterranean? Heads of State or Government for the advancement of the Union for . Hw o o ass h iprac o te umt of Summits the of importance the asses you do How B.5 B.4 Do you expect the Secretariat to play a key, moderate or moderate in thenearfuture? key, a play to negligibleSecretariat rolethe in the expect new Euromediterranean you Do institutional B.4 architecture 6.52 6.31 5.57 3 6.46 4.93 4 3 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 5.13

Results ofallrespondents 4 3 2 1 Zone 5.24 6.84 Mashreq 4.84 Civil Society 5.69 4.57 6.16 Balkans UfM Balkans

6.39 4 3 2 1 5.83 2010. 4 4 3 2 1 6.21 6.36 6.74 6.35 4.50

7.00 General 7.43 , Barcelona:IEMed,2011. 6.04 5.14 4 3 2 1 Israel 5.33

Evaluation 6.42 6.57 7.59

of

307 Med.2011 Appendices 308 Med.2011 Appendices

Map A. 4 | Euromed Survey: Experts and actors in the Euro-Mediterranean Zone 2010. Evaluation of the Euro-Mediterranean Free Trade Area

7 7 7 6 6 6 5 7 5 5 4 6 4 4 3 5 Total Maghreb Mashreq Med EU Non-Med 3 3 surveyed EU Total Maghreb Mashreq Med EU Non-Med 4 Total Maghreb Mashreq Med EU Non-Med surveyed EU surveyed EU 3 7 Total Maghreb Mashreq Med EU Non-Med EU surveyed 6

5 7

4 6 3 5 Total Maghreb Mashreq Med EU Non-Med surveyed EU 4

3 Total Maghreb Mashreq Med EU Non-Med surveyed EU

7

Results for the FTA in general 6 7 5

6 4 7 3 Total Maghreb Mashreq Med EU Non-Med 5 surveyed EU 6 5

4 4 3 Total Maghreb Mashreq Med EU Non-Med 3 surveyed EU Total Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed Surveyed surveyed from from Mashreq from from Maghreb countries Med EU non-Med EU countries countries countries Euromed Survey: progress in the implementation C.5.1.a How would you assess the Impact of the Euro-Mediterranean Free Trade Areas on the economies of the Mediterranean of the Free Trade Area Partner Countries in terms of growth and competitiveness, social impact, impact on Small- and Medium-sized enterprises and fiscal impact? Regional Groupings Med C.4 How would you assess the progress of the implementation of the Total countries Rest of Euro-Mediterranean Free Trade Area between the EU and the surveyed Maghreb Mashreq Turkey Israel in the EU EU countries Mediterranean Partner Countries? Impact on growth, competitiveness, and foreign direct investment Results for the FTA in general and for each of the Mediterranean 6.07 5.65 6.00 6.25 7.00 6.30 6.19 Partner Countries under the operative Association Agreement. Impact on employment and social impact 5.55 5.31 5.43 6.33 6.33 5.68 5.19 Impact on Small- and Medium-sized enterprises 5.82 5.43 5.64 6.38 6.00 6.11 5.67 Fiscal impact (impact on State revenues) 5.26 4.97 5.23 5.56 6.67 5.30 5.25 Average value of the responses on a scale of 0-10. (0=Very disappointing – 10=Very positive) C.5.2 How would you assess the impact of the EU-Turkey Customs Union (established in 1996) on the Turkish economy?

Impact on growth, competitiveness, and foreign direct investment 6.96 6.57 6.36 7.23 8.00 7.09 7.14 Less than 5 From 5 to 6 More than 6 Impact on employment and social impact 6.43 6.33 6.55 6.14 7.67 6.62 6.14 Impact on Small- and Medium-sized enterprises 6.61 6.67 6.09 6.64 7.00 6.83 6.32 Fiscal impact (impact on State revenues) 6.20 6.19 5.90 5.95 7.67 6.27 6.28

Own production. Source: IEMed, Euromed Survey of Experts and Actors. Euro-Mediterranean Partnership and its economic and financial dimension, Barcelona: IEMed, 2011. Map A. 5 | Revolts and Protests in the Arab Mediterranean

ALGERIA EGYPT SYRIA JORDAN From early 2011 on demonstrations On January 25 mass demonstrations take place in In February demonstrations in support of the Egyptian revolt From January on demonstrations take place and protests, often violently the principal Egyptian cities. Demonstrators occupy evolve into a series of protests in favor of greater political demanding greater democracy, economic repressed, take place continually. Tahrir Square in Cairo. Demonstrations continue in freedom. Throughout February and March both protests and betterment and an end to corruption. On April 15 Bouteflika’s announ- the following days. repression intensify. On February 1 the king replaces the entire cement of constitutional reforms is On January 29 Mubarak dissolves his government On March 29 Bashar Al-Assad forces the government to government. Demonstrations continue throughout greeted with skepticism by different but protests continue. The army decides not to resign. On April 19 the state of emergency is lifted after 48 the year despite King Abdallah’s announcement of groups. intervene against the demonstrators. hours but demonstrations and their violent repression by the a reform plan that the government does not quite On February 11 Mubarak abandons the presidency army continue despite continuing announcements of reform carry out. and power reverts to the armed forces. Rallies and dialogue by the regime. continue with smaller followings. On March 19 constitutional reform is approved in a referendum. Presidential elections are projected for September.

MOROCCO TUNISIA LIBYA Transition in course On February 20, 2011 a series of demonstrations As of December 2010 protests From mid-December on, protests against the Gaddafi regime are demanding greater democracy begin. On March 9 against unemployment and continual. The violent repression leads in a few days to a situation Civil war the king announces in-depth constitutional reform. corruption spread, resulting in the of armed confrontation between the government and rebels in Mobilizations continue as political and economic flight of Ben Alí on January 14. control of Benghazi and other cities to the East. Protests and limited confrontations. reforms are prepared. Constitutional referendum After the third prime minister, On March 17 the UN Security Council establishes a no-fly zone Promises of reform is set for July 1. elections are set for October 23. over Libya. On March 19 the international alliance begins bombing of Gaddafi Protests and violent repression military objectives. As of the 24th, NATO assumes military comand of the mission while on the ground both sides wage continual Very limited or almost non-existent protests offensives and counter-offensives.

Own production. Source: IEMed www.iemed.org/dossiers/tunisia/ecronos.php

309 Med.2011 Appendices 310 Med.2011 Appendices Own production.Source:IOM. Own production.Source: MOFCOM. Map A.7 Map A.6 10000 2500 5000 7500 Total (inmillionsof$) in2009 Chinese FDI 0 Data Status 5july2011. Status Data returned toLibya.The borderwithTunisia Libyansofwhom281,000 havereturned. wascrossedby400,000 *Does not include border movements of Libyans. According to the IOM, 194,000 Libyans crossed the broder with Egypt, of whom 180,000 have LibyanscrossedthebroderwithEgypt,ofwhom180,000 194,000 *Does notincludebordermovementsofLibyans.AccordingtotheIOM, 0520 0720 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005

Less than10million | | Direct Border (12% Algerians) 10000 2500 5000 7500

13,962 Between 50 and 300 million Over 300 million Over300 million and300 Between 50 Investment

0 Movements 0520 0720 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 (26% Tunisians) Between 10 and 30 million Between 10and30 264,293 (96% Nigerians) (96%

by

Tunisia of

China Niger 75,621 10000

2500 5000 7500 the 0 0520 0720 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005

Libyan

in

Southern Malta 1,454

Between 30 and 50 million and50 Between 30 10000 Population 2500 5000 7500 0 0520 0720 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005

immigrants* Mediterranean from Libya Outflow of Chad (99% Chadians) (99%

During 10000 2500 5000 7500 19,205 10000 2500 5000 7500 0 45,116 0 0520 0720 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2005-2009 (2005=100) 2005-2009 0520 0720 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005

the Chinese FDI Evolution of

Countries

Conflict 10000 2500 5000 7500 0 0520 0720 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 10000 2500 5000 7500 0 0520 0720 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 (58% Egyptians) (58% 10000 10000 2500 5000 7500 2500 5000 7500 189,812 0 2,800 0 0520 0720 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 0520 0720 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 Egypt Sudan Map A.8 | Logistics in the Mediterranean

4.5 4.5

3 3 4.5 1.5 1.5 4.5 3 3 1.5 1.5 4.5 4.5 3

1.5 3 1.5

4.5 4.5

3 3 1.5 1.5 4.5

3 4.5 1.5 4.5 4.5 3 1.5 4.5 3 3 3 1.5 1.5 4.5 1.5 3

1.5 4.5

4.5 3 1.5 4.5 3 4.5 1.5 4.5 3 4.5 3 3 1.5 3 1.5 1.5 1.5 4.5

3

1.5

4.5 4.5

3 3

1.5 1.5

Logistics Performance Index Customs Less than 2.5 From 2.5 to 2.75 From 2.75 to 3 From 3 to 3.25 From 3.25 to 3.5 More than 3.5 Data not available 4.5

The Logistics Performance Index (LPI) is the weighted average of countries’ scores in six key areas Timeliness 3 Infrastructures Customs: Efficiency of the clearance process (i.e., speed, simplicity and predictability of formalities) by border control agencies, including Customs 1.5 Infrastructures: Quality of trade and transport related infrastructure (e.g. ports, railroads, roads, information techology) International shipments: Ease of arranging competitively priced shipments Logistic competence: Competence and quality of logistics services (e.g., transport operators, customs brokers) Tracking and International tracing Tracking and tracing: Ability to track and trace consignments shipments Timeliness: Timeliness of shipments in reaching destination within the scheduled or expected delivery time Logistic The indicators appear on a scale of 1-5, from poorest to highest performance. competence

Own production. Source: WB.

311 Med.2011 Appendices 312 Med.2011 Appendices Own production.Sources: EUDGTrade andwww.invest.gov.tr onthebasisofdatafrom theCentralBankofTurkey. Map A.9 Main tradingpartnersofTurkey 10- UAE 9-Algeria 8-Ukraine 7- 6- 5- 4-US 3-China 2-Russia (27) 1-EU Countries 318 USA Canada

| 56 Turkish in 2010(inmillionsof$) towardTurkeyOrigin offlowFDI 10,184.9 16,205.4 74,016.9 of euros Millions

2,559.7 3,004.5 4,362.8 8,601.2 2,753.5 3,879.7 4,374.1 Economic 233 Percentage UK

42.8 Relations 589 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.2 2.5 2.5 5.0 5.9 9.4 589 FR FR the EU 27 the EU 2,941 Rest of 501 282 NL 620 310 199 195 391 498 DE 160 145 non EU in non EU 343 Direct foreigninvestmentinTurkey bysector(millionsof$) Volume oftrade inmillionsofeuros(2009) Other 243 Less than1,000 1,575 From 2,000to2,500 2,040 From 1,000to1,500 (excluding machinery) Other Food products,beveragesandtobacco products andmetal metals Basic Extraction fromminesandquarries Transport, storageandcommunications Other manufacturedproducts andcommercial operations,rental Real estate trade Wholesale andretail Construction Financial intermediation Gas, electricityandwatersupply Over 2,500 From 1,500 to2,000 From 1,500 countries countries Other 502 371 Gulf Asia 1,575 2,040 343 145 160 195 199 620 282 310 391 Map A.10 | Commercial Agricultural Balance and Evolution of the Price of Food

170 170 170

130 130 130 170

90 90 90 130 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2006 2007 2008 2009 20102006 2007 2008 2009 2010

170 90 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 130

90 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

170

170 130

130 90 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 170 170 90 170 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 130 170 130 130

90 170 130 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 90 170 90 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 130 90 130 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 90 90 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 170 170

170 170 170 130 130

130 130 130 90 170 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 90 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 90 90 90 170 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 130 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 170 130 90 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 130 90 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 90 170 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

130

90 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Commercial agricultural balance (2008) Evolution of the price of food (2006-2010)

Net importers above 5 billion dollars 170

Net importers between 2 billion and 5 billion dollars Net exporters between 0 and 2 billion dollars 130 Net importers between 1 billion and 2 billion dollars Net exporters between 2 billion and 7 billion dollars

Net importers between 500 million and 1 billion dollars Net exporters above 7 billion dollars 90 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Net importers between 0 and 500 million dollars Total CPI Food CPI

Own production. Source: FAO and ILO.

313 Med.2011 Appendices 314 Med.2011 Appendices Own production.Source: ITU. Map A.11 105 210 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 105 210 Fixed BroadbandSubscriptionsper100inhabitants Digital gap Fixed BroadbandSubscriptionsper100inhabitants(2009) 0 2000 Over 25% Between 20%and25% Between 5%and15% Between 2%and5% Less than2% Between 15%and20%

| 0120 032004 2003 2002 2001 Broadband SEMC EU Mediterranean countries EU SEMC 105 210 0 105 210 0 105 210 0

Connection 2005 105 210 0 105 210 0 0620 082009 2008 2007 2006

and 105 210 0

Cell 105 210 0 105 2 210

0 Phone 105 210 0

Users 105 210 0 105 210 0 105 210 105 210 0

0 105 210 in 0 105 210

the 0 per 100inhabitants Evolution incellphoneuse(2002-2009) 0020 0220 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000

Fixed BroadbandInternetAccess Tariff Mediterranean Country Egypt Tunisia FYROM and Bosnia Algeria Lebanon Italy Portugal Jordan Syria 105 210 0 105 210 0 105 210 105 210 0 Mobile BroadbandSubscriptions Mobile CellularSubscriptions 0 105 210 0 2005 105 210 0 0620 082009 2008 2007 2006 105 210 0 105 210 0 105 210 0 $ permonth 105 210 0 8 9 13 15 15 17 20 21 23 25 26 27 29 30 31 31 38 51 Own production.Source: UnitedNationsPopulation InformationNetwork (POPIN)www.un.org/popin/ Map A.12 Volume Percentage Volume Percentage

| PT Population PT From 11to14% Less than5% From 15to17.5% Less than10% Represents 100,000 inhabitants between15and24 Represents 100,000inhabitants Represents 100,000 inhabitants over65 Represents 100,000inhabitants ES MA MA ES

Structure FR FR From 14to17% From 5to8% From 17.5 to20% From 10to12.5%

by DZ

Age DZ

(2010) TN TN Over 17% From 8to11% Over 20% From 12.5to15% IT IT MT MT LY SL SL LY HR HR ME ME BA BA AL AL Population between15and 24years RS RS GR MK MK GR EG EG Population 65andover CY CY TR TR LB IL LB IL PS JO PS SY SY JO

315 Med.2011 Appendices 316 Med.2011 Appendices Own production.Source: http://mdgs.un.org Map A.13 - Proportionofseatsheldbywomeninnationalparliament - Shareofwomeninwageemploymentthenon-agriculturalsector - Ratiosofgirlstoboysinprimary, secondaryandtertiaryeducation preferably by2005,andatalllevels2015.Itismeasuredthefollowingindicators. 3 Goal Development Millennium of (3A) Objective 0.6 1.4 1.2 1.6 0.8 0.6 1.4 1.2 1.6 0.6 1.4 1.2 1.6 0.8 0.8 1 1 1

Albania |

Algeria Millennium Croatia Cyprus Egypt Secondary Education

France Primary Education Tertiary Education Greece Development

2000 Israel Italy Jordan Lebanon

2008 Libya Malta Morocco

Palestine Goal Portugal Serbia

Slovenia 3: Spain

Syria Promote Macedonia Tunisia

Turkey education secondary and primary in disparity gender eliminate to is

1.4 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.6 Gender 1 1=Gender parityineducation 2000 Year From 45%t050% to45% From 40% From 20%to40% From 15%to20% Less than15% Men Women 2000 and tertiaryeducation Ratios ofgirlstoboysinprimary, secondary in nationalparliament Proportion ofseatsheldbywomen in thenon-agriculturalsector Share ofwomeninwageemployment

Equality 2010 Year 2008

and Ratio of girls to boys (gender parity index) in index) parity (gender boys to girls of Ratio closest availabledata). the (or used been have 2010 and 2000 years each level. The data from each country for the for country each from data The level. each in of students male of levels number the to tertiary education and secondary primary, at ratio of the number of female students enrolled primary, secondary and tertiary education is the have access to paid employment, which will which employment, paid to access have The indicator shows the extent to which women fet hi itgain no h monetary industry in women to open are markets the labour into economy. It also indicates integration the degree to which their affect oes h snl cabr n unicameral in chamber single the covers Thisindicator seats. the all of percentage a as and service sectors which affects not only equal lower chamber in nationalseats parliaments,of number expressed the is parliaments national adapt tochanges overtime. to capacity economy’s the and market the labour of flexibility through efficiency economic also but women for opportunities employment parliaments and the lower chamber in bicameral or chamber single the in women by occupied in women by held seats of proportion The of bicameralparliaments. parliaments. It does not cover the upper chamber

Empower

women Own production.Source: DatabaseoftheOECDDAC. Map A.14 Main donorstoMediterraneanrecipientcountries Main Mediterraneanrecipientsofthedonors Total Japan Spain France Mediterranean countries Percentage ofbilateralODA goingto Percentage ofODA received from Mediterraneancountries Between 8%and16% Less than8% Between 10%and20% Less than10% 21 21 191

| 11 190.7 238.1 911.6 238 Official 97.9

Bilateral Total Spain France 135 319.3

54.3 94.5 13.1 Aid Between 30% and50% Between 30% Between 20%and30% Over 24% Between 16%and24%

to Total France Germany Total Sweden Turkey Spain Total Germany Spain France

Development 170 169.4 124.1 415.1 473.8 170.0 Total Luxemburg US Germany 12.6 30.8 36.9 32.4 32.7 4.0 5.4 Total Germany US France 39

among 4 75.4 13.5 4 Total Italy Greece Germany 4.5 7.4 Over 50% Total Sweden US Germany 37 2 Volume ODA ofthedonorcountry ofthetotal andpercentage Main MediterraneandestinationsofbilateralODA 39.4 19.1 3.6 5.7 33

Mediterranean 357.9 55 55.0 55.8 37.4 608.5 114.5 46.5 22.9 donor countries(inmillionsof$) Volume ofODA received andmain Total Greece Switzerland US Over 10% Between 5%and10% Between 2.5%and5% Between 1%and2.5%

Countries Total Germany France US 207.44 Total France Germany US Total Germany France US 788.0 32.8 45.0 Total Spain France Japan 33 48 Total Germany Japan US 138.8 925.1 111.6 185.1 641.0 136.9 102.5 31.6 394.6 760.6 39.8 58.9 1,362.2 154.6 135.3 210.8 193.4 191 18.8 24.2 29.9 30 3 Millions of$ Total France Germany US Total Germany France US Total Norway UAE US 3,026.1 394.6 760.6 244.7 844.3 100.1 219.8 39.8 58.9 25.7 83.4 37.8

317 Med.2011 Appendices 318 Med.2011 Appendices

Map A.15 | Dependence for Income on International Tourism and Cruise Traffic in the Mediterranean

Venice Trieste Koper Genoa Rijeka La Spezia MarseillesMonaco Ravenna Zadar Sete Livorno French Sibenik Toulon Portoferraio Split Palamos Riviera Ports Barcelona Civitavecchia Tarragona Dubrovnik- Lisbon Ports of Korcula Castellon North Bari Valencia Portimao Balearic Alicante Islands Cagliari Volos Malaga Motril Cartagena Gibraltar Almeria Palermo Messina Alanya Ceuta Tunisian Latakia Ports

La Cypriot Valletta Ports

Dependence for income on international tourism Cruise passenger traffic (as a % of exports) (ports belonging to MedCruise)*

Less than 7% From 7% to 10% From 10% to 15% From 15% to 20%

From 20% to 25% From 25% to 30% Over 30% Data not available Under 50,000 From 50,000 From 250,000 From 500,000 Over 1,000,000 to 250,000 to 500,000 to 1,000,000

*Does not include ports of the Black Sea countries belonging to MedCruise

Own production. Source: WB and MedCruise. Own production.Source: SeeSection6.4oftheYearbook. Map A.16 in theEU country oforigin residents from the As a%of EG 12.3% EG MA 59.9% PORTUGAL MPC natives of As a%of FR 32.8% FR 35.5% ES MOROCCO TR 22.4% MA 33.0% TR 29.0% MA 57.9% EG 22.7% EG 23.4% DZ IRELAND

| 0.1% 0.4% EU in theEU of residentsfromMPC Principal destination countries countries in EU of residentsfromtheMPC Principal countriesoforigin 18.7% 13.1% 0.1% 0.2% 4.1% 8.2%

0.1% 0.1% Residents FR 32.8% FR MA 35.5% 12.3% EG MA 59.9% MOROCCO PORTUGAL DZ 7.1%DZ MA 91.1% SPAIN MA FRANCE DZ 35.9% DZ ES 7.2%ES 85.3% FR ALGERIA 36.1% LB 11.7% TR 54.1% UNITED 13.1% 1.0% MA 40.4% TR 55.2% NETHERLANDS 18.7% 13.1%

18.6% 18.7% 18.6% from 1.0% 0.1% 0.4% 0.3% 1.2%

10.2% 13.9% Mediterranean country destination residents in the foreign As a % of total As a % of total residents foreign IT 28.3% 61.6% FR TUNISIA MA 7.5% TR 78.5% DENMARK MA 3.5% TR 89.3% GERMANY 6.1% 2.4% as a%oftotalforeignresidents ForeignMPC residentsfromthe 0.8% 8.8% 24.7% SY 14.3% TR 45.5% SWEDEN MA 64.1% ITALY TN 15.4% 1.0%

Member EG 17.0%EG TR 39.0% SLOVENIA Over 50% 50% From 25%to From 15%to25% From 5%to15% From 2.5%to5% Less than2.5% SY 18.7% TR 24.5% 10.2% 0.6% 1.8% 2.4% EG 22.9% EG TR 34.7% MALTA

Countries 0.0% 0.1% 0.6% 0.8% MA 13.0% TR 58.1% FINLAND 0.8% 1.3% SY 30.6% 50.3% EG GREECE 0.5% 2.5% 0.6% 1.0% SY 23.0% TR 40.4% ROMANIA LB 25.1% SY 41.4% CYPRUS SY 27.7% TR 42.6% UK 16.1% UK 36.2% DE ISRAEL 4.1% 7.2% of thecountryorigin to thetotalpopulation Ratio ofresidentsinEurope FR 10.7% FR IT 58.7% EGYPT FR 11.2% FR 74.1% DE TURKEY 0.7% 1.1% 2.6% 4.0% 0.2% 0.2% Over 4% From 3-4% From 2-3% From 1-2% Less than1% 1.9% 27.7% 0.4% 7.3% TR 19.4% 52.0% IL TR 23.1% 61.5% IL TR 16.9% 61.7% IL LITHUANIA ESTONIA LATVIA EG 4.1% EG TR 90.2% 16.7% IL TR 19.7% TR IL 23.9% IL IL 17.4%IL TR 33.2% AUSTRIA SLOVAKIA REP CZECH 32.4% 12.8% 0.3% 0.9% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.6% 0.2% 0.2% 0.6% 0.9% 0.3% 0.6% GR 10.1% GR DE SYRIA 55.7% BE 18.2% BE IT 33.6% IT 15.1% 47.5%DE PALESTINE JORDAN FR 28.4% FR 45.0% DE LEBANON 0.4% 0.6% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% 0.6% 0.1% 0.7%

319 Med.2011 Appendices 320 Med.2011 Appendices Own production.Source: UNESCO-World HeritageCentre. www.whc..org andUNESCO,Intangibleheritageofhumanity. Map A.17 inPetraThe andWadi culturalspaceoftheBedu Rum JORDAN Opera deiPupi,Sicilianpuppettheatre pastoralsongs The cantoatenore,traditionalSardinian The Mediterraneandiet ITALY The AhellilofGourara ALGERIA Processional giantsanddragonsofBelgiumFrance Scribing traditioninFrench timberframing Aubusson tapestry Cantu inpaghjellasecularandliturgicaloraltraditionofCorsica and identities Compagnonnage, networkforon-the-jobtransmissionofknowledge The gastronomicmealoftheFrench Falconry, alivinghumanheritage The artofneedleworklaceAlençon FRANCE The PatumofBerga The MysteryofElx Irrigators’ Tribunals oftheSpanishMediterraneanCoast The SilboGomero(Whistled languageofLaGomera,CanaryIslands) Flamenco The Mediterraneandiet Falconry, alivinghumanheritage The CantdelaSibil·la(SongoftheSybil)inMallorca The castells,humantowers SPAIN The MoussemdeTan-Tan The culturalspaceofJemaael-FnaSquare The Mediterraneandiet Falconry, alivinghumanheritage MOROCCO UNESCO IntangibleCulturalHeritage intheMediterranean UNESCO World HeritageintheMediterranean UNESCO Cultural andnaturalheritage Natural Cultural heritage

| World

Heritage

in

the

Mediterranean Number ofWorld sitesintheMediterraneancountries Heritage World HeritageintheMediterranean UNESCO 63 47 32 16 8 6 4 2 0 of Hvar Krizen(followingthecross)onisland The processionofZa (queens)ofGorjani Spring processionoftheLjelje/Kraljice area Annual carnivalbellringers’pageantfromtheKastav The Blaise,patronofDubrovnik Festivity ofSaint Zagorje Traditional manufacturingofchildren’s woodentoysinHrvatsko Lacemaking Two-part singingandplayingintheIstrianscale The SinjskaAlka,aknights’tournamentinSinj Gingerbread craftfromnorthernCroatia CROATIA Ceremony The MevleviSema The artsoftheMeddah,publicstorytellers The karagoz The Asikliktradition(minstrelsy) Traditional meetings Sohbet ritual Semah, theAlevi-Bektasis Oil-wrestling festivalofKirkpinar TURKEY The Mediterraneandiet GREECE Falconry, alivinghumanheritage SYRIA The Palestinianhikaye,womenstorytellers PALESTINE Lefkara lacesorLefkaritika CYPRUS The Al-SirahAl-HilaliyyahEpic EGYPT Albanian folkiso- ALBANIA munity) arrests five people suspected of autonomousBasquecom-the of force anti-terrorist unit of the Ertzaintza (police • group. the abandon to decision their nounce On 29 January seven ETA prisoners an- for the abandonment of armed struggle. advocating for ETA from prisoners five roristgroup announces the expulsion of theofEuskadi Askatasunata (ETA) ter- • Spain theFermoselle border crossing. bers of ETA, are arrested in Portugal near andIratxe Yañez Ortiz Barrón,de mem- • Portugal decentralisationprocess. committeefoundationsthelayto theof announces the creation of a consultative while in the same month Mohammed VI government, the in changes nounces an- alsoMoroccochanges. cabinet es nisia, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali announc- with2009theKosovo elections. Tu-In new institutional framework established theSerbian enclaves donot accept the ,where in do they asagain, up flare country the in communitiesthree to the EU. In Bosnia, tensions among the negotiations on the accession of renew Croatia to agree Ljubljana and Zagreb dential elections in the same month that Social DemocratJosipovicIvopresi- Croatia, thewins In charges. spiracy oneratesDominique deVillepin ofcon- sentencinginthe Clearstream case ex- PresidencyFrance,theEU.theInin of Spain’sbeginswithyearsemesterThe January2010 Politicaland Events Conflicts Major of Chronology Chronologies

On On On 4 January the prisoners’ collective 9 January Garikoitz Garcia Arrieta 26 January the recently createdrecently the January 26 • island. this on immigrants of disembarkation from a ship in Corsica, in the first massive • sidingabroad. re- nationalsFrench representativesof for seats 11 guarantees and districts provides for the elimination of 33 electionwhich and electionspresidential 2012 the in effect take will which ernment, of the electoral law proposed by the gov- (Parliament) adopts the polemical reform • France theretirement age to 67. pensionincreasesreformforposalthat pro- a and unemployment in increase alarming the reduce to measures ers permitted by Brussels. The plan consid- to reduce the deficit to the maximum 3% • taining 40 kilos of explosives are located. arrestedareplethree andcaches con- localities. On 28 January two more peo- being members of ETA in several Basque ment of seised property and a bill that bill a andproperty seised of ment manage- the for agency an of creation bat organised crime, which includes the ters adopts an extraordinary plan to com- • bythe local population. and Crotona following a wave of attacks Bari in shelters to Rosarno of city rian migrants are transferred from the Calab- • Italy andcurrent President Sarkozy. Interiorthe Ministerof then theagainst Villepin, of the de accusations Dominique of conspiracy minister, the prime former absolves case Clearstream the

On On On On On On 29 January Spain presents its plan 21 January the National Assembly 28 January the court that rules on 21 January 124 Kurds disembark 28January theCouncil ofMinis- 9 January more than 1,100 im- 1,100 than more January 9 • atthe head of the government. KosorJadranka placed whichMinister, Prime as resignation his after months three politics to return his announces Democratic Union (HDZ, conservatives), Croatianthe of ranks expelledthefrom numbercorruptionaof in scandals and • sionof Croatia to the EU. sumptionnegotiationsof admis-thefor re- the allow to agreeKosor, Jadranka counterpart, Croatian his and Pahor • Croatia political police of Communist Yugoslavia. Tomaz Ertl, former chief of theto meritUDBA, of theorder an ofconcession the unconstitutional considering Slovenia, of President the Turk, impeachment Danilo against of proposal a submit • Slovenia raand 50 of the ‘Ndrangheta. forces detain 85 security members January of the of Camor- month the During Paolo di Maura, is captured in Barcelona. capo of the Contini clan of the , day, the same legislation.the Mafia On anti- all of grouping the for allow will (ICTY)processrenewstheagainstVo- Yugoslavia former the for Tribunal inal • Bosniaand Herzegovina 39.7%. obtainedconservatives, the of support the had who Bandic, candidate, independent The votes. the with of 60.3% round second the on elections presidentialSocialDemocratsthewins

On On On On On 12 January the International Crim- 3 January Ivo Sanader, implicated 27 January the opposition parties 13 JanuaryMinisterPrime13Borut 0 aur Io oioi o the of Josipovic Ivo January 10

321 Med.2011 Appendices 322 Med.2011 Appendices miss the Director of the Agency for for Education Agency and Mobility, the following of allega- Director the miss dis- to government the of decision the • Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia edKingdom. theUS, Germany, France, and the Unit- entation of a formal protest by Serbia to thorised. Both incidents lead to the pres- presenceKosovoin territory unau- was ister for Kosovo, on the grounds that his lice expel Branislav Ristic, the Vice-min- enclave.On 26 January the Kosovo po- Strpce the visit toKosovo, for minister not allow Goran Bogdanovic, the Serbian • 2009elections. November the in chosen governments local the to parallel enclaves Serbian structures that continue to function in the Office (ICO) to dissolve the government Civilian Kosovo International the in and (EULEX) Mission Law of Rule EU identKosovo,of requests theaidtheof • 1244 Resolution Council Security Nations United under Kosovo manderduring the war in Bosnia. Mladic, former Bosnian Serb army com- resignationhaving failed to arrest Ratko his presents ICTY, the with operation theofSerbian National Council forCo- • and after the disintegration of during Yugoslavia. Serbo-Croatians against Army Croatian the by committed genocide against Croatia with the ICTY for acts of • Serbia ationrequires. Staff(EUFOR) beyond 2010 if the situ- General EU the of Mission Althea the of mandate the extendsMinisters eign • religiousidentification. and ethnic about questions of census whoare opposed to the inclusion in the Bosnio- representatives, the Muslim and of Croatian block the to owing to establish an electoral census for 2011 Parliamentrejects theBosnian Serb bill • afteralmost a year of inactivity. leader, Serb Bosnian the Seselj, jislav

On 27 January 27 On On 1 On On On On On 25 January the EU Council of For- 6 January , the Pres- 5January Rasim Ljajic, president 4 January Serbia files a lawsuit a files Serbia January 4 21 January the Bosnian federal Bosnian the January 21 2 January the do the press reports on reports press the detainednewinaraid carried outin16 oned.January21On 120suspects are Adana Province, the 16 in of whom are al-Qaeda impris- of members 21 rest • Anfisa. in begins Athens indemonstration ber dros Grigoropoulos during a 28 Decem- officers accused of the killing of Alexan- • Greece keygoes into effect. lifting of visas between Albania and Tur- • unconstitutional. squarekilometresterritorial of watersis 224 of Greece toconcession the that claimingSea, Ionic the in shelftinental ments establishing the limits of the con- Albaniantheformer andGreekgovern- Court annuls the agreement reached by • fraud. funds EU an in involvement his of tions • tenureas European Capital of Culture. • and Yuksekova. Dogubeyazit in police the front con- (DTP) Party Society Democratic banned the of sympathisers that day same the on Istanbul and Diyarbakir in are detained 60 Kurds more January Kurdistan Workers’ Party On (PKK). 23 the organisation terrorist the to ties for • Turkey theborders. blocking bysubsidies farm of payment austeritythe measuresdelayinthe and • the debt public in alarming the country. regarding levelled the sanctions above statistics on the public deficit,over and of falsification the for Greece measures against announces (EC) mission • PressMinistry. the of vicinity the in explodes device another January 16 On Parliament. of • Albania continue negotiations on the name issue. to London in meetGreece and edonia

On On On On On On On On On On 28 January the Presidents of Mac- 9 January a bomb goes off in front 22 January Greek farmers protest 27 January the agreement on the 5 January 5 20 January Kurds are arrested 19 January, the European Com- 19 the January, European 22January the trial oftwo police 18January theTurkish police ar- 16 January Istanbul begins its its begins Istanbul January 16 27 January the Constitutional Constitutional the January 27 • outagainst al-Qaeda by Turkey. provinces,largestoperationthecarried • January.of month the during Council Security Nations United the of 1701 Resolution of tions viola- in increase alarming an been has Interim Force in Nations Lebanon (UNIFIL), United there month. the to a under Agreementing in kind this of dent inci- second the is This authorisation. without space air Lebanese entered opens fire on an Israeli military plane that • Lebanon process.” “should play a leading role in the peace Syria that and positively progressing and assures that relations with Syria are with meets President, Syrian the al-Assad, Bashar envoy, East Middle US Eve, seven members of the Coptic Na- Coptic the of members seven Eve, • Syria concrete without agreements. island the of tion new round of negotiations on reunifica- two-day meeting in the framework of the a end Talat Ali Mehmet leader Cypriot Turkish and the Christofias Demetris • Cyprus army. crisis between the government and the new a off sets reform this of nulment tried for crimes by a civil court. The an- be to military the required which 2009, June in Parliament by adopted system Court invalidates a reform of the judicial • Egypt al-Qaeda. to ties having of pected of having planted the device and sus- person a arrest police Jordan The . and Amman between ling side two Israeli Embassy vehicles travel- • Jordan UNIFIL. the of command

On On On On On On January 11 On January 20 On 14 January a bomb explodes be- 13 January Greek Cypriot leader 28 January Spain relieves Italy of 6 January Orthodox Christmas Christmas Orthodox January 6 21 January the Constitutional Constitutional the January 21 George Mitchell, the Mitchell, George the Lebanese army Lebanese the in violent confrontations with the police. to demand Kabylian autonomy and end provinces Bejaia y Ouzou Tizi in place • . Djerrah, in operation military a during die (AQIM) Maghreb Islamic the in al-Qaeda from terrorists three 29, January On M’sila. confrontation with Islamist extremists in • sionals. profes- health and education by held being those joins protest The ports. ex- oil and gas from profits increasing the of country the in investment ment govern- and salary in raise a manding de- demonstrate Rouiba of zone trial • Algeria unemployment. of reduction the and economy the of opening and istries. The reform seeks modernisation ing of the government affecting 11 min- restructur- important an announces Ali • Tunisia army.and currency mon of a of Africa with a com- the creation the sought who leader, Libyan of programme the with contrast in Africa, in hunger of eradication the is priority whose Mutharika, wa Bingu Malawi, of President the to (AU) ion loses the presidency of the African Un- • Libya exams. during versities hibiting the wearing of the pro- January 3 on court Egyptian an by down handed sentence the suspends temporarily Egypt of Tribunal istrative • party.the of faction ative the increasing influence of the conserv- of Mohammed place Akef, thus in confirming Guide Supreme new the hood (Islamists) elect Mohammed Badi • to. subject are they harassment and crimination Coptic protesters who deplore the dis- 2,000 and police the between place death. On 7 January confrontations take to shot are community Hammady gaa

On 12 January 12 On On On January 15 On On On 20 January January 12 On 7 January workers in the indus- the in workers January 7 Jnay 0 odes i i a in die soldiers 10 January 9 1 aur Mamr Gaddafi Muammar January 31 the Supreme Admin- demonstrations take demonstrations Zine El Abidine Ben Abidine El Zine the Muslim Brother- Muslim the niqab in uni- Serbiaboycottsinaugurationthe the of deadlines.procedural reduce to law a opposition increases with the passing of tension between the government and theItaly, In identity.national strengthen to measures first theintroduces Minister, Prime the Fillon, François France, In February2010 gardto 1990 levels. re- withemissions in reduction20% a Agreement and its objective of achieving firms its decision to join the Copenhagen • EuropeanUnion turnedto a constitutional order. niaconsidering thatthecountry hasre- developmentcooperationMaurita-with • Mauritania 11March 2004 attacks in Madrid. prisonyearsimplicationhisoffor eight thein to Belhadj Mohammed tences • Naciri,respectively. Mohammed and Cherkaoui Taieb by triestheInteriorof andJustice arefilled fectsthe principal ministries. The Minis- out a governmental restructuring that af- • Morocco • Treaty. Lisbon the of framework institutional kan enlargement, and activating the new Bal- the in advancing crisis, economic the alleviating of challenges the facing and Hungary, and Belgium with tion conjunc- in trios presidential of system presidency of the EU debuting the new • Commissionon Regionalisation. Advisory an of creation the nounces • interests. financial her of declaration the in cies her ministerial portfolio and incongruen- in competence insufficient of accused parliamentaryhearingwhich inwasshe a after week onecandidacy her draws with- Development, and Cooperation of Commissioner the be to candidate and Minister Affairs Foreign Bulgarian

On On On On 2 On On On 28 January a Moroccan court sen- 28 January the EU formallycon-EUJanuary the28 4 January Mohammed VI carriesJanuaryMohammedVI4 19 January Rumiana Jeleva, the Jeleva,Rumiana January 19 1 January Spain assumes the the assumes Spain January 1 Jnay oamd I an- VI Mohammed January 3 5 January the EU normalises its • knownas the “Faisán case”. arm extortion ETA the against eration op- an obstructeddevelopmentofthat the investigation of an alleged 2006 leak orders Judge Baltasar Garzón to reopen • Spain Agreement” between the EU and the US. rejects the “SWIFT The Zone.Schengen the citizensof to visas allsuspendsuncovered. Libya is Development Party (AKP, conservatives) throw the government of the Justice and coalition.Turkey,over-In toplot new a Democrats (EDEK) quits the government zone. In Cyprus, the Movement of Social euro the precedentinwithout plan out Greekcrisis leads toapproval ofbail-a The structure. administrative Kosovo for the integration of North Kosovo in the sovo (ISG) approves the polemical plan The International Steering Group for Ko- attendancePresidenttheofKosovo. of the over protest in President Croatian ments for a maximum period of 18 18 of period maximum a for ments commit- institutional alleging judge a bers of the government to declare before gitimate impediment” which allows mem- “le- polemicalofapproves billutiesthe • migrantsare housed. NoBorders where hundreda illegal im- NGO the of hangar Calais a evacuate • cutback on employment. road strike begins protesting the plan to • France France,Portugal and Spain. ETAmembersarrestedofbeen havein Sincethestart the ofyear,total a30 of senior officers of the military arm of ETA. the of one Gogeaskoetxea, Ibon of dy Interior announces the arrest in Norman- • Italy card”for youth. “citizenship a and education civics on republic,emphasisthevaluesanof the immigrantson citizenry,forcourses for charter of rights and duties for applicants strengthenidentity,nationalincludinga to measures first the announces Fillon

On On On On On On 8 February French Prime Minister 2 February a 36-hour French rail- 3 February the Chamber of Dep- 15 February the National Court National the February 15 28 February the Ministry of the of Ministry the February 28 7 February the French police police French the February 7

323 Med.2011 Appendices 324 Med.2011 Appendices • restedon the same charges. ar- is commander, former a also lovic, Haka- Hasan 22, March On war. nian arrestedfor war crimes during the Bos- is commander, military Bosnian former • Bosniaand Herzegovina negotiations. accession the in environment and ing ap- proves the start of the chapters on fish- Conference Intergovernmental • anceof the . ceremonyinprotest against theattend- Stipe Mesic. Serbia does not attend the gurated succeeding • signan extradition agreement. • Croatia Audit. of ment is under investigation by the Court replacing Environment Karel Erjavec, whose the manage- of Minister pointed • the 2013. by GDP of 3% below to deficit public its warning to Ljubljana that it must reduce adopts an austerity plan following an EU • Slovenia 2009. in accusations Accounts revealing a 229% increase in of Court the from report a to response in administration, public in corruption for sanctions reinforcing bill a presents • elections. local and regional imminent of threshold the on television public on debates electoral of prohibition polemical the nounces • Italy.in ergy en- nuclear reintroducing bill a proves • stitutionalimmunity law. months,the time it takes to pass acon- EuropeanCouncil Foreignon Relations the district of Brcko. On 22 February the property Federation,theamongentities, the and state of distribution the on of conversations to reach an agreement High Representative, starts a new round

On On On On On On February 12 On On On On On 10 February 11 February an- 18 February Ivo Josipovic is inau- 1 February1 Zulfikar Alispago, the 10 February10Croatia Bosniaand 9 February Valentin Inzko, the the Inzko, Valentin February 9 19 February the government government the February 19 19 February the EU-Croatia EU-Croatia the February 19 4 February the government government the February 4 the government ap- Roko Zarnic is ap- is Zarnic Roko • janovac. Bu- in separatistsAlbanian by planted device a explosionof the ofresult a as • Serbia workingconditions and low salaries. precarious their protest to miners sic thesix-day strike carried out by the Nik- • interests. national their against goes it that ing bers of the Parliament veto the law alleg- sion.February23On theMuslim mem- organisationreferendumaof seces-on the for law a adoptsSrpskaRepublika • Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia reject the integration plan before the UN. Russiaand – ISGlegitimacythe the of tion. Serbia – which does not recognize claves into the Kosovo public administra- integratetoSerbianICO thetheen- of the plan presented by Pieter Feith, head approvesISGFebruarythework. On 9 frame- institutional Kosovo new the of boycottMitrovicaaernment offorcalls • 1244 Resolution Council Security Nations United under Kosovo accounting, public debt and civil service. ministers,violatingofpublic lawsof the among them six ministers and five former officials, senior 19 accuses Accounts • resentationin Serbia since June 2007. kara. Bosnia had not had diplomatic rep- An- in heldTurkey and Bosnia Serbia, betweenTrilateralMeeting Summit5th Bosnianambassador in Belgrade at the appointment of Boris Arnaut as the new • Srebrenica. in Bosnians of thousands of execution Serbgeneral accused thearrestof and trial against Zdravko Tolimir, the Bosnian ruling Internal Macedonian Revolutionary the defeat to coalition Block the form • six months. for term Inzko’s Valentin renews

On On On On On On On On February 10, the Parliament of the February 18, the Serbian Court of 22 February the press reports on 1 February 12 opposition parties 14 February14 policea officer dies 9 February Serbia approves theapproves SerbiaFebruary 9 February 1, the provisionalgov- the 1,February 26 February the ICTY begins a begins ICTY the February 26 • Greece June2009. months before and after the the elections of in particular in 2009, September of 52.2 million euros between 2007 and lic accounts of the government to a total Office publishes irregularities in the pub- • Albania country.the in division inter-ethnic reinforce will plan the that fears , the among particularly opinion, public of segment important the reform of the historic city centre. An for plan 2014 Skopje the against test place in the Macedonian capital in pro- • theurns for a recount. in response to Berisha’s refusal to open ment only to abandon it the following day membersParliamentof returnParlia-to after six months of boycott, the Socialist February 25 On ground. common find to Rama andBerisha with meetsdent, Presi-Topi,theBamir February 13 On decision-making.crucial obstructing is fraudulentbytheopposition, andwhich elections, whose results are considered 2009 the sinceplace in been has that institutionalparalysissituationof the to opposition,headofend anput to try to the Rama, Edi and Minister, Prime the lomatsTiranain meetwith Sali Berisha, • ration. Decla- Srebrenica the adopts liament candidate, for a second term as the the Presidentof the Republic. as term second a for candidate, reelects Karolos Papoulias, the Socialist • tialresults of the stabilisation plan. Greece three months to gives present the ini- zone euro the February 15 On monthtakeplaceafteralllong.dayday unprecedented bailout plan, while strikesan approve to meeting urgent an hold Februarythecountries theofeuro zone menttoreduce its public deficit. On 10 pro- gramme presented austerity by the the Greek govern- approves mission • ingthe economic and political crisis. DPMNE), which they (VMRO- accuse of worsen- National Macedonian for Party Democratic - Organisation

On On On On On On 3 February US and European dip- 6 February a demonstration takes 5 5 February the Macedonian Par- 3 February the State Accounting 3February the Vouli (Parliament) 3 February the European Com- European the February 3 cial Democrats (EDEK) abandons the the abandons (EDEK) Democrats cial • tiations. nomic and financial chapter eco- of the the nego- discuss to again meet Talat country. On 24 February Christofias and ishCypriot leader, inhisfirst visit to the dent, and with Mehmet Ali Talat, the Turk- DemetrisChristofias, the Cypriot Presi- with meets UN, the of General retary • Cyprus ernmentand the army. erals reduces tensions between the gov- On 26 February the release of three gen- ior military staff to evaluate the situation. the army calls an urgent meeting of sen- themcharged.areof same the day,On Balyoz as (Sledgehammer). known On 24 February seven plot coup-d’etat a relation to arrested in officers are ing • organisation. terrorist PKK the to favourable ganda 21 years of prison for publishing propa- is condemned by a Diyarbakir tribunal to of the Kurdish newspaper • prisonfor illegal possession of of arms. years four to Donmez Mustafa nel ing the Ergenekon case condemns Colo- • tiatinga new agreement. Fundwith(IMF), which Ankara isnego- supervision of the International Monetary the undergovernment the by dertaken publicsectorcompaniestisationofun- takesplace Ankarain against thepriva- • berof the DTP, as its leader. Selahattining Demirtas,formermem- a the DTP, holds its first conference elect- of banning the following created party Kurdishnew the (BDP), mocracyParty • Turkey Athens. in branch bank a in off goes organisation Fire of Nuclei Conspiracy the by set • elections. giving them the right to vote in municipal than more 250,000 second generation of immigrants nationalisation the for presents ment •

On On On On On On On On 16 February govern- Greek the February 4 On 1 February Ban Ki-moon, the Sec- 22 February some fifty high –rank- 4 February a military tribunal judg- 4 February a mass demonstration 8February the Movement of So- 10 February Ozan Kilinc, ownerKilinc, OzanFebruary 10 Fbur te ec ad De- and Peace the February 2 a bill before Parliament before bill a an explosive device Azadiya Welat, • defamationof the government. for dollars 10,800 of fine in a and prison year a to court Cairo a by tenced • has been occupied by Israel since 2006. which of sectorLebanese theShebaa, border, between Metula and the farms of the of lengththe alongpatrols of ment air space. The Lebanese raid coincides with violating the move- planes Israeli • Syria concessionsto the Turkish Cypriots. many too making of accuses it which (AKEL), People Working the for Party Progressive the with relations tense of yearscoalitiongovernmenttwo after taliation for Switzerland’s decision to to decision Switzerland’s for taliation citizensSchengenfromthere- zone, in Libya’s decision to stop issuing visas for • Libya Egypt. in reform constitutional promote to tion announces the creation of an organisa- (IAEA), Agency Energy Atomic tional Interna- the of director former the dei, • council. ship leader- party’s the of member a Ezzat, Erian, the Vice-President, and el- Mahmoud Essam them among Brotherhood, Muslim the of leaders 14 arrest forces in-chief of the • Egypt ofa 20% quota for women. council presidents and the establishment all districts, election by direct vote of city the adoption of a proportional system in reform of the electoral law contemplating cil of Ministers gives the green light to a • Lebanon nuclear its programme. for Damascus from support plicit ex- receives Iran February 25 on ings, warn- Washington’s against and ment rapproche- of sign this Despite years. five in Syria ambassador to first the as FordRobert candidacyof thenounces

On On On On On On On 2 February Yasser Barakat, editor- 27 February the Lebanese Coun- 23 February Mohammed ElBara- 15 February the press reports on 17 February Barack Obama an-FebruaryObamaBarack17 14 February the army shoots at shootsarmy theFebruary 14 8 February Egyptian security security Egyptian February 8 al-Mougaz weekly, is sen- • EuropeanUnion arrested. are 18 andconvoydie the members of transportingsuspectedof drugs.Three border, between the army and a convoy takes place in Chegga, near the Algerian • Mauritania Bejaia,Kabylia. in operation an organisation,during ist malek Droukdel, the leader of the terror- Abdel- to aide principal and AQIM of cellAl-Arqam the of Abdelmalek,head • calisation. January to check growing religious radi- governmenttheofmonth during bythe processreligiousof dialogue promoted strugglefollowing theconclusion theof armed abandonmentoftheir announce • Algeria inSwiss territory. constructionminaretsthehibition ofon provedin areferendum (2009) the pro- war”againstSwitzerlandhaving ap- for increasewhenGaddafi “holy calls a for tensions between Libya and Switzerland female hotel employees. On 25 February one of Gaddafi’s sons for assaulting two sponsethetoarrest (Geneva, 2008) of activities.This detention occurred inre- immigration laws and carrying out illegal businessmen accused of violating Libyan SwissHamdani,Rachidtwo andGöldi wasalso reactiona tothe arrest ofMax enter Swiss territory. The Swiss measure publish a list of 180 Libyans who cannot new agreement. new a of negotiation the approves Council the February 25 On . fight against the of framework the in counts ac- bank European of millions to cess ac- Washington giving foresees which the and the US, between reached Agreement, SWIFT • operation. new Commissioner of International Co- the as Georgieva Kristalina accepting 137 opposed, and favour, 72 abstentions, in after votes 488 by Commission Barroso new the approves (EP) ment

On On 11 February 11 On February 9 On On On 4 FebruaryIslamist4 60 prisoners 26 February an exchange of fire exchangeofFebruary an 26 22 February the army kills Guri kills army the February 22 the European Parlia- European the the EP rejects the rejects EP the

325 Med.2011 Appendices 326 Med.2011 Appendices protests in Paris against the lack of fund- • Xynthia. tered in France as a result of Windstorm • France uponpayment of 2 million euros. freed is Mali, of north the in AQIM by thethree Spanish aid workers captured • theillegal Batasuna. reconstructto attempt his for prison in alreadyglorifyingis terrorism. Otegifor prison of two and office public for tion for Batasuna, to 16 years of disqualifica- tences Arnaldo Otegi, former spokesman • Spain freezingof their salaries. the for calls which plan, stabilisation daylong strike against the government’s • Portugal tweenPalestinians and Israelis. be- conversations of start the proves ap- LeagueArab The (EEAS). Service creation of the European External Action ofthe EU, presents the proposal for the RepresentativeHigh the Ashton, erine join the National Front for Change. Cath- citizenrytheto ElBaradeioncalls med the heart of the Union. In Egypt, Moham- proves a new financial bailout device in ap- EU the andrecoveryeconomic for plan its of results the on report first its lic administration begin. Greece presents the northern sector into the Kosovo pub- implementtaskstoincorporation the of versial laws are approved. In Kosovo, the liberal-conservative). In Italy, two contro- (UMP, Movement Popular a for Union governing the over victory a Party ist regional election results give the Social- the France, In rises.arrests of number the and intensifies ETA against fight the Spain, In crisis. the against forms re-Portugalprogrammeofpresentsits March2010 preferencesuntil 2015. mi •

ssionextends Western Balkans trade On On On On On On 25 February the European Com- 8 March legal professionals stage 2 March2 the National Court sen- 4 March civil servants call for a for callservants civil March 4 10 March Alicia Gámez, one of one Gámez,Alicia March 10 Mrh 0 ets r regis- are deaths 50 March 1 • alternativeto the UMP. his intention to create a new party as an announcesVillepinDominiquede time, tion of the executive branch. At the same Sarkozy and Fillon agree to a reorganisa- only able to hold on Alsace. On 22 March vote, while the UMP obtains 35% and is SocialistParty (PS) obtains 54%ofthe the by headed alliance opposition the regionalelectionswhichtakes place,in • againstjudicial reforms. and system justice French the for ing overthe presence of Kosovo. protest in summit the boycotts Serbia declaration of commitment to join the EU. closeBrdoafterina toadopting joint a cameWestern Balkansthe on ference • Slovenia CivicList. left, as well as Lazio, via the Independent Calabria,andPiedmont from thecentre and the Veneto and snatches , retains PDL The history. ian marked by the highest abstention in Ital- elections regional hold Italy of regions • law. impediment” “legitimate the approves definitively Senate Italian the protest, • Italy insecurity. branch executive against unemployment the and by wage adopted the measures of inadequacy the against place sionalpublicsectorprotest strike takes • pendence. inde- following citizenship Slovenian new the for time in appliedhaving not 1992 and stripped of their nationality for registryciviltheinstruck fromwere als dency or nationalisation. These individu- resi- permanent for apply to Slovenia in residing citizens Yugoslav 18,000 allowwillamendment that approvesan • despitelate registration. regional elections in Lazio and Lombardy, the in parttake to able centre-right),is (PDL,Freedom of Peopleparty,erning effect immediately to assure that the take gov- to decree-lawpolemical a enacts

On On On On On On On 9 March after 18 years, Parliament 10 March amid strong opposition 5 March the Council of Ministers 20 March the InternationalMarchthe20 Con- 28 and 29 March 13 of the 20 the of 13 March 29 and 28 21 March the second round of round second the March 21 3 ac aohr interprofes- another March 23 • Croatia erendum. to ref- to a popular the agreement agree submit parties 26 political On the March constitution. the contradict between Slovenia and Croatia does not agreement border the that rules Court • Serbia Montenegro. Minister of Thailand, as he is a citizen of Prime former the Shinawatra, Thaksin extradite not will it that Thailand to es • Montenegro religion. and nationality on tions ques- including law census population opposition of the Bosnian deputies, the the with approves, Srpska Republika • Srebrenica. in thousand a than more of the of commander, Serb Bosnian former the Ikonic, Nedjo Tribunalaccuses Crimes • Altea. of town Bosnian War, is arrested in the Spanish the during committed crimes 100 than more for warrants arrest international two on sought Grbavica, of Monster • Herzegovinaand Bosnia aid. expected of 60% with them left which subsidies, farm in cutbacks the against Zagreb in protesting were an reaches who farmers Slovenian with agreement Agriculture, of Minister • reject the resolution for making no ex- no making for resolution the reject mentarians. The Serbian nationalists also parlia-Muslimthe indignationof the to though without considering it “genocide,” Serbia apologises for the Srebrenica whereby massacre resolution a proves • traditionof Ganic. LondonSarajevoandin against ex-the London. On 5 March thousands protest Yugoslav soldiers in 1992, is arrested in by Serbia and Bosnia for the killing of 40 berof the Bosnian government, wanted

On On March 8 On On On On On On March 17 On On 1 March Ejup Ganic, former mem- 25 March Montenegro announc- 2 March Veselin Vlahovic, the the Vlahovic, Veselin March 2 0 ac te alaet ap- Parliament the March 30 23 March the Constitutional Constitutional the March 23 13 March the Bosnian War War Bosnian the March 13 Petar Cobankovic, the Cobankovic, Petar the Parliament of the of Parliament the viousgovernments. false data to Brussels on the part of pre- responsible for the repeated provision of is which (ELSTA), Authority Statistical ury presents the reform bill of the Greek • forGreece with IMF involvement. planbailout new establishesaCouncil European the March 26 On Greece. for plan bailout a approves zone euro publicin expenditure. March16Onthe billioneuros2.4 of cut includeawhich austerityofmeasuresage Athens,from sionand the IMF accept the third pack- • Greece fora total recount of the votes. of electoral fraud, insisting on its demand prosecutors to investigate the suspicions the proposal of Sali Berisha to name 100 • Albania itytoward the Albanian population. tion against such incidents and of hostil- accusestheExecutive notoftaking ac- which opposition, the and government Skopje revives the tensions between the in clubsoccerlocal the of fans by nian • inFebruary. pjefromMatthew Nimetz, themediator, respective proposals of Athens and Sko- name of Macedonia, having received the the over dispute the over negotiations restarting after progress, no make but Greece and Macedonia meet in Brussels • Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia corruption. high-level of accusations following vre manoeu- face-saving a as measure the condemns opposition The ministries. principal the of six affecting ernment gov- the in changes announces Thaci • Macedonia. with the Kosovo police control of the border • 1244 Resolution Council Security Nations United under Kosovo Bosniansand Croats. press reference to crimes committed by

On On On On On On On 4 March the Ministry of the Treas- 31 March Prime Minister Hashim 3 March3theEuropean Commis- 25 MarchPrimethe25Ministers of 23 March the oppositiontheMarchrejects 23 6 March the attack on an Alba- an on attack the March 6 29 March NATO signs over to to over signs NATO March 29 • Cyprus Anatolia. Central in arrested are al-Qaeda to belonging of • pipeline. Nabucco the build to agreement intergovernmental • Turkey death. one causes Athens ens. On 28 March another explosion in Conspiracy Nuclei of Fire go off in Ath- the • paralyse again country. once plan ity auster- the against strike general of • the Kurdish New Year.New Kurdish the security forces during the celebration with of confrontation a during Raqqa in • the along lines. same Israel by proposal similar a to corresponds reservations, without not accepted resolution, The gramme. pro- nuclear civilian own its develop to wish its announces Syria Energy, clear Nu- Civilian to Access on Conference • Syria powers communities. the among of distribution the and ergy policy,European governance, in es en- reunification meetings, making advanc- Turkish Cypriot Presidents hold two new • plot. Ergenekon the in participating of ar- accused rested, are officers military high-ranking • Karabakh. from draws lations with Armenia until Yerevan with- re- of normalisation for agreements the Turkeyratify that not warns will he tion, addi- In expelled. be could illegally key Tur-in reside who Armenians 100,000 that declaring by Armenia with tension • Hakkari. in PKK in • Worldduring War genocide. I Armenians of massacre the consider to Congress States United the of sion deci- the before Washington in sador

On On On 21 March 21 On March 9 On On March 29 On and 18 On On On 9 and On March 4 On On 20 March 6 March Turkey recalls its ambas- 8 and 11 March two new days days new two March 11 and 8 16 and 30 March Greek and and Greek March 30 and 16 16 March Erdogan increases increases Erdogan March 16 14 March two soldiers die 22 March a total of 30 of total a March 22 during the International the during Parliament ratifies the ratifies Parliament two bombs set by the 22 people suspected people 22 a Kurdish citizen dies citizen Kurdish a • Libya passageon a country road. groupof Copts built a wall that blocked a after Matrouh Marsa in Muslims and Christians Coptic between place take • arrestedin several Egyptian cities. members of the Muslim Brotherhood are • Jordan paralysisof the high court. the overcome to needed is pointment ap- The abstain. who ministers, six of Court of Justice despite the reservations the to judges three name to manages • and reconciliation has come to an end. dialogue for programme its that siders leased, upon which the government con- Belhaj, and another 214 militants are re- Abdel-Hakim Group, Fighting Islamic • Egypt zam,’s lieutenant. AbdallahandAz-Iraq, leaderQaedain al- al-Zarqawi, Musab Abu leader, lah in the death of Imad Mughniyeh, Hezbol- implicationtheJordanian ofintelligence Dujana,regardingAbu asknownagent cusations made in a video by the double • the pro-Western and pro-Syrian blocks. biggest obstacle to agreement between the be to continues strategy, defence arms following the civil war, in a national onlythegroupdownlayitsthatnotdid control, Hezbollah’s under arsenal the Doha 2008 Agreement. The possibility the of integrating with initiated logue dia- reconciliation national the renew • Lebanon dineBen Ali asks the political bureau of • Tunisia Schengenarea to entry the country. Libya once again allows citizens from the March 27Switzerland. citizensintoOn Libyan of entry the on restrictions the suspend tointention communicatesits

On On On On On 2 On On On 10 March the Council of Ministers 23 March the leader of the Libyan 13March serious confrontations 25 March25 President ZineAbi-El 12 and 23 March a total of 83 of total a March 23 and 12 1 March Jordan denies the ac- the denies Jordan March 1 9 March the Lebanese parties parties Lebanese the March 9 5 March the Swiss government

327 Med.2011 Appendices 328 Med.2011 Appendices Union (WEU) formalises its dissolutionitsformalises (WEU) Union • hiringpractices. mission regarding budgetary control and European Parliament, Council and Com- overcometo thedifferences amongthe Service). Ashton’s Action proposal External is an attempt (European EEAS the liament,herproposal forthecreation of presents, following consultation with Par- • EuropeanUnion overthe West Bank settlements. Israel with relations of suspension the • workingconditions. overprotest in strikethree-daygeneral • inJanuary as unconstitutional. anti-terroristlawadopted Parliamentby cil of Mauritania rejects 10 articles of the • Mauritania Salafia Jihadia. militants10ofon fromtheTakfiri group attempted escape from the Kenitra pris- • cusation. ac- same the on expelled are nationals foreign Christian 70 March of month accusations of proselytising. During the on monk Franciscan Egyptian an expel • peopleaccused of terrorist acts. six of network Takfiri a of up breaking • Morocco terroristsin Ait Yahia Moussa. three down takes army the 26 March On Kadiria. in attack terrorist a in die • pectedof belonging to a terrorist cell. sus- people six arrest police Algerian • Algeria 15and 50% sive parties assuring quotas of between principaltheleadersprogres- ofthe by to 30%. The Ben Ali measure is taken up parliamentarianswomen of number the tionnel Démocratique (RCD) to increase the governing Rassemblement Constitu-

On On On On On On On On On On 9 March security forces thwart the 4 March the Constitutional Coun- 2 March Morocco announces the 31 March the Western European 20 MarchMauritania20 announces 25 March two Algerian soldiersAlgerian two March 25 6 ac i Brj eae the Menaiel Bordj in March 16 5 ac lcl nos ei a begin unions local March 15 7 March the police arrest and and arrest police the March 7 25 March Ashton Catherine March 25 the Jerusalem Palestinians. Jerusalem the for package aid dollar million 500 a to agree ministers Arab The settlements. the halt to refusal Israeli the to sponse re- in is This Jerusalem. in Palestinians the of situation the on primarily tention at- its centring Sirte, in place takes mit • ArabLeague Treaty. Defence policy EU provided the to for in 2011 the June Lisbon in way make to ing in cases of terrorism and sexual sexual abuse. and terrorism of cases in ing The reform provides for tighter sentenc- approves a bill to reform the Penal Code. • 10detainees. imprisonmentthe oforderof five anfor Judge Fernando Grande-Marlaska issues BilbaoSebastián.SanandApril 19 On sands demonstrate against the arrests in for the terrorist group. On 18 April thou- Hernani.Among them are three lawyers 10 people with ties to ETA in Bilbao and • Spain losses. multi-million-euro causes that Iceland in volcano a of eruption the by rupted inter- is traffic air European stronger. grows Mubarak to movement position op- ElBaradei’s Mohammed Egypt In Cyprus. Northern of Republic Turkish servatives) of Dervis Eroglu wins in the en. The National Unity Party (UBP, con- wors- to continue Armenia Turkeyand between Relations IMF. the and EU first loan from the aid plan set up by the the requests formally government the public debt breaks historic records and border its agreement with Croatia. In Greece, the ratifies Parliament enian from the governing coalition. The Slov- withdrawing of intention his nounces an- Fini Gianfranco Italy, In Code. nal Spain approves the reform of its Crimi- A • process. peace the of paralysis indirect talks with Israel after a 15-month US-backed begin to Abbas Mahmoud the green light for Palestinian President

pri On On On March 3 On l2010 29 April the Congress of Deputies 27 March the Arab League sum- 14 April the Civil Guard arrestsGuard Civil the April 14 the Arab League gives League Arab the • keptin confinement in Mali. were who and 2009 December in nia couple who were kidnapped in Maurita- Italian the Kabore,Philomène and cala • Croatia tries. coun- two thebetweendispute border the settle to Croatia with signed ment ratifies the international arbitration agree- • Slovenia light. Church in several countries has come to of sexual scandals affecting the Catholic official visit of the Pontiff since the wave first the is This case. everyinvestigate 1990s; he promises that the Church will by Catholic clergy during the 1980s and in La Valletta with victims of sexual abuse • Italy hisjurisdiction. under was that enterpriseexport arms hetook kickbacks from Sofremi, statea whichagreementingtrial, toon was he corruptionwhichforof cases three the one-year suspended sentence for one of former Minister of the Interior, receives a • inthe Common Agricultural Policy. reformthe concernabout expresstheir protest over their drop in income and to in Paris in demonstrate growers grain • lowwages and lack of personnel. railroadstrike of the year in protest over • France • Malta theconvention of the PDL. televiseddebateduringdiscussiona in bitter a in engage Fini and Berlusconi April 22 On Parliament. in group own PDL, announces his intention to form his co-founderwith Silvio Berlusconi ofthe and Deputies of Chamber the of dent in which he apologises for Croatia’s role Sarajevoinspeech President, a makes

On On On On On On On On 15 April Ivo Josipovic, the Croatian 18 April Benedict XVI meets 20 April the Slovenian Parliament 16 April AQIM frees Sergio Ci- Sergiofrees AQIM April 16 17 April Gianfranco Fini, Presi- Fini, Gianfranco April 17 Arl rne eis h third the begins France April 6 27 April thousands of French French of thousands April 27 30 April Charles Pasqua, the the Pasqua, Charles April 30 ofTransport. tionregarding Fatmir Limaj, the Minister corruptionevidenceainvestiga- ingfor offices of the Ministry of Transport seek- • 1244 Resolution Council Security Nations United under Kosovo mainopposition party. lected Secretary General of the SNS, the • citizens. lion tition for early elections signed by a mil- hand over to President Cvetkovic a pe- populists) (NS, Serbia New and tives) bian Progressive Party (SNS, conserva- • Serbia oppositionbloc. the by himagainstbrought vote dence no-confi- a survive to able is kanovic • Montenegro Serbs. Bosnian of interests and rights the violate not ence, is not anti-constitutional and does independ- on referendum a of calling the for allowing March in Parliament Serb Bosnian the by approved law the that declares Srpska Republika the of • resumesthe trial of Radovan Karadzic. • onbail. tween1995,beenfreed1992andhas crimesbe-Srpska,warlikaaccused of the former Prime Minister of the Repub- Justiceannounces that Gojko Klickovic, • the refusal of the Bosnian Serb deputies. to owingmassacre Srebrenica the ing unable to approve a resolution condemn- • Bosniaand Herzegovina negotiationson EU accession. ter on the free movement of goods in the • beenthe aggressor in Bosnia. have to Croatia, not and Serbia, sider con- who ministers prime former with and Minister, Prime current the Kosor, Jadranka confrontationwith a up open declarations Josipovic’s conflict. the in

On On April 12 On On On On On On On 28 April EULEX police search the 19 April Croatia closes the chap- 20 April the Constitutional Court 13April Prime Minister Milo Dju- 24 April Tomislav Nikolic is ree-TomislavAprilisNikolic 24 7 April the federal Parliamentis federalthe April 7 10 April the Bosnian Court of of Court Bosnian the April 10 13 April the ICTY once again again once ICTY the April 13 the leaders of the Ser- the of leaders the • Greece demandthe reopening of the ballots. to strike hunger a begin Parliament of On the same day, 22 Socialist members the votes from the June 2009 elections. of recount a out carrygovernment the thatdemand to ofstreets the in calledtheforoppositionby takesplace • Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia policeforce. Kosovo the to border Albanian the of • , receives FeridunreceivesArmenia, ofPresident • Turkey businesses. offshore and property Churchwealthy, the on taxes raising law fiscal new a • office of a Socialist deputy. niki and another in Athens in front of the Thessalo-inexplosionsplace fourtake April 14 On Athens. (PASOK)in ment Move- Socialist Panhellenic governing squadron of riot police by the seat of the • bassy. cludingthe 2007 attack onthe USem- in- 2003, since attacks several in role olutionary Struggle are arrested for their • billioneuros. quest for a first loan for the re- amount its of formalises 45 Greece April 23 On 13.6%. was deficit public the 2009 of debt when it is revealed that at the close recordreachedGreekvaluetheisofin new a April 22 austeritymeasures.On climate of new strikes called against the a in loan IMF and EU first a ofcession 21April negotiations begin for the con- debt premium reaches historic highs. On public Greek the and plunges change • Albania ing the legality of the merchandise. in a market throw rocks at police inspect- in the country, when hundreds of vendors zari district, the largest Roma settlement ed in incidents provoked in the Suto Ori-

On On On On On On On On On 15 April 17 policemen are wound- 29 April the KFOR cedes control April 14 the Parliament approves 10 April six members of the Rev- 13 April 15 individuals attack a attackindividuals 15 April 13 0 pi a as demonstration mass a April 30 7 April Sergei Sarkissian, the the Sarkissian, Sergei April 7 Arl h Ahn Sok Ex- Stock Athens the April 8 • itymight be under construction. raid,suspectedisit thatnucleara facil- Kibar where, based on a 2007 Israeli air toinspect the military installations at Al- permission for inspectors from the IAEA • consumergoods. basic on hikes tax new against bilize tion(DEOK) calls theonpeople mo-to 14 April the Democratic Labour Federa- es a rise in the oil tax of nearly 10%. On • Cyprus linesfor their EU accession strategies. declaration establishing common guide- joint a in culminating Istanbul in place tweenTurkey, Serbia, andBosnia takes • southeastTurkey. in PKK the with confrontations in die • Syria ident,Ahmet Talat. elections, winning over the current Pres- ish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) tion, is proclaimed the winner in the Turk- reunifica- to contrary is whocandidate • mentsconcluded in October 2009. agree-ratification the thepension of of sus- the confirms President Armenian Aprillightin the oflackprogress, of the 22 On March. in recalled been having afterpost Washingtonhis to returnsto TurkishAmbassadortheday, same the relationsbetween the two countries; on normaliseto tryMinistry, Foreignto ish Sinirlioglu, the representative of the Turk- • Lebanon cusation. HezbollahBeirutcus,ac-andthedeny cuse Syria of arming Hezbollah. Damas- ac-IsraeliagainDefenceonceand US and Ehud Barak, the respective heads of Washington.April27On Robert Gates and Damascus between reconciliation false accusation seeks to undermine the this that claims US the toambassador Syrian The Hezbollah. to missiles ing raeli President, accuses Syria of supply- demonstration takes place on the the on secu- the of favour in Beirut of streets place takes demonstration

On On On On On On On 13 April the government announc- 22, 28, and 30 April eight soldiers 25 April an unprecedented mass 18 April Dervis Eroglu, the UBP Eroglu,DervistheApril 18 4 pi a rltrl umt be- summit trilateral a April 24 3 pi Sio Prs te Is- the Peres, Shimon April 13 6 April Syrian authorities deny deny authorities Syrian April 6

329 Med.2011 Appendices 330 Med.2011 Appendices is reelected President of the Chamber of Socialist Union of Popular Forces (USFP) • kidnapping. his of datethe March 22 since Boghni andKoufi Aït in bilisationsplacetaking outransom, resultaas intensiveof mo- El Farouk frees hostage Ali Hassani with- • 2005,with 300 targets in all of Algeria. since offensive antiterrorist largest the army begins Operation Ennasr (Victory), the April 13 .On incivilians threewounds gendarmesand two kills convoy that was transporting explosives • Algeria governingparty. the of dominance sole the establishes electoralsystemelectionsthebecause municipal May 9 the boycott will she that announces Jribi, Maya Socialists), the Progressive Democratic Party (PDP, • Tunisia 25years for planning assaults in Egypt. to sentences of between six months and ferent nationalities with ties to Hezbollah curity Court condemns 26 people of dif- • demandingdemocratic reform. peopledemonstrationduringa Cairoin 90detainpolice theApril 6 Onpower. Islamist sectors to remove Mubarak from clear agreement between the reform and cooperateElBaradei”of withshow a in coordinateand to attemptwill “he that Al-Jazeera by interview an in nounces an-Brotherhood,Muslim the of leader Hussein, Mahmoud parallel, in In reform Egypt. democratic of favour in ra leads a mass demonstration in Mansou- • Egypt stability. to path only the as politics of larisation • Morocco to forces 75,000members. antiterrorist of expansion of the Sahara and the Sahel approve the commands of the armies of the countries

On On On On On On On 7 April a bomb attack on a military 16 April the al-Qaeda cell Katibat 26 and 28 April the Egyptian Se- 25 April25Tamanrasset in thehigh 9 April AbdelwahadAprilthe ofRadi,9 9 April the secretary general of generalsecretary the April 9 2 April Mohammed ElBaradei ElBaradei Mohammed April 2 se o Eooi Dvlpet an- Development Economic of ister use of the veil in public. In Italy, the Min- the prohibits France Garzón. Baltasar Judge suspends (CGPJ) Power dicial In Spain, the General Council of the Ju- May2010 ancein appointments. serving of geographical and gender bal- ob- includedwhich proposal, Ashton’s reaches a political agreement, based on EuropeanCouncilthe April 26 On est. States in detriment to the common inter- ing to the excessive influence of Member launchofthe current EEAS project ow- parliamentary groups threaten to veto the • EuropeanUnion ures. of the package of anti-contraband meas- addition to the 35 already inin crossingsplace border asnew part10 open ties • reported that result in dozens of arrests. university. On 15 April confrontations are the at language official only the against the government decision to protest make a stage University Nouakchott • Mauritania interestsin Morocco. foreign on assaults planning was that cell terrorist Salafist a of members 24 detentionof the on report a issuesrior • thirdterm. a for chamber) (lowerRepresentatives • 2009by the . holm Programme adopted in December rity and Justice developed by the Stock- soleEuropean Freedom,Areaof Secu- EP its plan of action for the creation of a • flights to 63,000 be cancelled. than more causing days, for continentEuropean the over space air off a great cloud of ash that paralyses the under the Eyjafjalla glacier in Iceland sets • attackson these rights in Morocco. the over protest in constituted is ists, journalists,ofacademics,activ- upand Freedom of Press and Expression, made

On On On On On On On 15 April the eruption of a volcano 6 April6thenon-Arab students of 17 AprilMauritanian17the authori- 26 April the Ministry of the Inte-theMinistry ofthe April 26 20 April the EC presents to the presentsto EC theApril 20 22 April the principal Europeanprincipal the April 22 10 April the Assembly for the the for Assembly the April 10 • austerityplan. the against Lisbon in demonstrate ers ofthe GNP. On 29 May 300,000 work- spending cut to reduce the deficit to 7% The plan envisages a tax increase and a Democratic Party (PSD, conservatives). erning Socialist Party (PS) and the Social gov- the byjustmentagreedupon plan economicSócratesad-announcesthe • Spain bythe Parliament in February. green light to gay marriage, as approved Silva signs into law the act that gives the • Portugal forfailing economies. cabinet. The EU approves a bailout the plan in changes out carries Bouteflika Abdelaziz Algeria, In years. more two barakextends Emergencythe Lawsfor nuclear programme. In Egypt, Hosni Mu- secret is a developing of accused newly Syria package. reform ernment’s the Constitutional Court against the gov- key,theopposition submits motiona to liamentapproves new cutbacks. In Tur- In Greece, . days of of protest continue defiance as Par- in elections parallel hold Kosovo in enclaves bian AssociateEU.MembertheSer-ofThe an becomes Montenegro resentative. Srpskaand the Office of the High Rep- Republika the betweenincreases sion nounces his resignation. In Bosnia, ten- • Granada. Motril, in intercepted is aboard Africans haran sub-Sa- 44 with craft another May 24 On Cadiz. Tarifa, in rescued is aboard demns MartindemnsSarasola,Portu,Igor and • decision. CGPJ suspends Garzón by unanimous the crimes of Francoism. On 14 May the of investigation his in prevarication for Garzón Baltasar Judge against trial the of opening the orders Varela Luciano • measures. ity 27 May Parliament approves the auster- On 2011. of end the by 4.7% to GDP of 11.2% current the from deficit the new package the of measures aimed at reducing presents Zapatero dríguez

On On On May 12 On May 12 On On On 6 May a boat with 49 immigrants 17 May President Aníbal Cavaco May 21 the Nationalcon-Courtthe 21 May 13 May Prime Minister José José Minister Prime May 13 President José Luis Ro- Luis José President Supreme Court Justice Court Supreme against organised crime, carried out in out carriedcrime, organised against report on one of the broadest operations • Bosniaand Herzegovina Croatiaand its neighbours. between reconciliation of process the Srpska, for the purpose of continuing makes his first official visit to the Repub- • Croatia large. at remains who capo, narcotrafficking ple with connections to Darko Saric, the • Slovenia airport. Madrid-Barajasthearrestedtrade, inis narcoticsColombian the and Camorra considered to be the liaison between the wantedPasqualelist,ClaudioLocatelli, • byBrussels. compliance with the objectives set forth in years, fiscal two next the overgions, re- the by contributed be to 30% ros, approvesbillionbudget24ofacut eu- • catedapartment in Rome in 2004. lo- centrally a acquired having bribes, in response to his investigation for taking resignsScajola, ClaudioDevelopment, • Italy ETA.of branch military the in man number-one the be to considered Sarobe, Carrera Kabikoitz Mikel is them Among border. Spanish the to close ETA of members • public. in use its prohibit to government the by prepared being law the of adoption the to prior Republic, the of values the claring the Islamic veil to be contrary to de- resolution a approves unanimously • France BarajasAirport. prison for the 2006 attack on the Madrid-of years1,040 Sebastiánto San Mikel

n 1 and 21 On On On On On On On May 11 On 25 May the police arrest 15 peo- 25 May the Council of MinistersCounciltheofMay 25 4 May the Minister of EconomicMinisterof the May 4 30 May President Ivo Josipovic Ivo President May 30 20 May the police detain four four detain police the May 20 29 May after 21 years on the the on years 21 after May 29 5 a te authorities the May 25 the National Assembly National the • tionof the KFOR. Kosovo Albanians and requiring Serbs the interven- between place take tions in Kosovska Mitrovica, where confronta- right) prevails in Novo Brdo and the SNS centre- (DS, PartyDemocratic the EU, the andPristina “illegal”considered by May the date of the elections, which are 30 On enclaves. Serbian Kosovo the light of the imminent parallel elections in KosovoSerbianfromrepresentatives in the prohibition on unannounced visits to • itsindependence. kind handed down by Montenegro since its of sentence first the is Dubrovnik.It crimes for on attacksthe duringhumanityagainst prison of years four and months 18 to army Yugoslav National the of members former six sentences • Montenegro tionof Bosnia. destabilisa-contributingtheas seen to High Representative, whose actions are its recall to him urgingNations, United la Spiric to the Secretary General of the on the letter sent by Prime Minister Niko- • 105arrests. different100locations, resulting andin to provide country. fiscal stabilitytothe to eurosmillion 110 ofpackage aid an to • 1244 Resolution Council Security Nations United under Kosovo EconomicArea. requirements for citizens of the European • immigrantsto the EU. AlbanianKosovo of smugglers of work net- a connectionstowith people nine of arrest theannouncesInterior, the of • Serbia gro,is able to prevail in three. oppositioncoalition, BetterA Montene- clearwinner inseven ofthem, while the a is (DPS) Socialists of Party ocratic ties hold elections. The governing Dem- • effect. lisation and Association Agreement takes

On On On On On On On On 28 May the IMF and Kosovo agree 23 May the Bosnian press reports 15 May the High Court 1 May the EU-Montenegro Stabi- 23 May 14 of the 21 municipali-the21ofMay1423 11 May Ivica Dacic, the MinisterIvicaDacic,theMay 11 5 a te UE announces EULEX the May 25 28 May Serbia eliminates visa visa eliminates Serbia May 28 • Greece dutiesand negotiations continue. parliamentaryitsreturns to SP the May 25 On negotiations. resume to Rama promise is reached between Berisha and deputies comes to an end when a com- strike begun in April by several Socialist resultsof2009. On19May the hunger electoralthecountability to regard with ac- demand to Tirana in demonstrate • Albania samecharges. the of Boskoski Ljube Minister former absolves it though population), banian 2001 the attack on for (a primarily Al- forces, security the of official former a Tarculovski, Johan for tence sen- years’ prison 12 the confirms ber • 1,185billion euros per year. savingsamountsto the355); to 1,034 reducing the number of city councils fromlaw aParliament approvesthe May 27 billioneuros by the EU and the FMI. On on its debt thanks to the freeing-up of 20 Greece is able May to make 19 the first On payment Greece. for package aid and the IMF agree to a 110 billion dollar throughout the month. On 2 May the EU cipal cities of Greece. Protests continue confrontations with the police in violent the with prin- plan, austerity the against • armedincident serious since the 2001 conflict. most the in Radusa to close rorists die in an altercation with the police • Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia aninternational monetary organisation. This is the first aid granted to Kosovo by on an official visit to sign some twenty some sign to visit official an on Recep Tayyip Erdogan arrives in Greece • dency2010”, chosen by Skopje. “MacedoniannamePresi-rejectingthe protests Greek despite Council, pean Euro- the semester-longofpresidency • giousdiscrimination.” terrorism and an end to “ethnic and reli- mandfreedom for prisoners accused of de- toSkopje in placeAlbanianstakes

On On On On On On On On 10 May a demonstration of 2,000 11 May four Kosovo Albanian ter- 24May the ICTY appeals cham- 11 May FYROM inauguratesitsFYROM May 11 14 May thousands of Albaniansthousandsof May 14 14 May Turkish Prime Minister Minister Prime Turkish May 14 1 May thousands demonstrate demonstrate thousands May 1

331 Med.2011 Appendices 332 Med.2011 Appendices • Pyongyang. and Damascus both by denied step equipment from North Korea, missile an extreme ballistic and nuclear receiving are Burma and Iran, Syria, that reveals • Syria mentis claiming. single cent” of the back taxes the govern- Cypriot Orthodox Church will not pay “a declaringParliamentbeforetheon that Churchthe government andthe tween Archbishop of Nicosia fans tensions be- • Cyprus theIranian nuclear programme. on sanctionslift to and uraniumriched en- swap to Brazil and Iran with ment • tackon a naval base in Iskenderun. On31May six soldiers die inPKKa at- tions with the army in Tunceli and confronta-Bingol.in die PKK the four of members May 26 On Zap. and Hakurk in forceairbombsthepositionsMayPKK 20 On killed. were soldiers two which in Hakkari in post military a on attack sion into northern Iraq in response to an bers of the PKK in the course of an incur- • ernment. age presented on March 22 by the gov- pack- reform constitutional the against Court Constitutional the before motion (CHP,Party People’s a files Socialists) Republican the May 14 On Judiciary. the of independence the on effect tive the justices feel that it will have a nega- the EU norms, while the opposition and to closer draw to necessary are forms re- the that asserts AKP The ecutors. the Supreme Court of Judges and Pros- constitutional reform that will restructure • Turkey situationof Cyprus. the Aegean, and seek agreement on the rough spots on the territorial disputes in over smooth agreements, cooperation Hezbollah with rockets and missiles of missiles and rockets withHezbollah providing are Iran and “Syria that sert NorthAmerican Defence Secretary, as- Defence Minister, and Robert Gates, the

On On On On On May 6 On 7 May the air force kills five mem- 27 May a reportNationsUnited a May 27 17 May Turkey signs an agree- an Turkeysigns May 17 28 May Ehud Barak, the Israeli the Barak, Ehud May 28 11 May Chrysostomos II, the the II, Chrysostomos May 11 Parliament approves the approves Parliament • Egypt twelve. to six from women for reserved seats ber from 110 to 120 and the number of the number of seats in the lower cham- increases law new The leaders. tribal form groups, which consider it to favour re- and unions parties, of majority the by rejected system vote” one person, “one the maintaining law election new • Jordan ithad not previously been represented.. Hezbollah in Bekaa municipalities where Hadath or Jezzine, or the in appearance of candidacy Aoun’s Michel of umph tri- the Jbeil, and SaidaBeirut, in lition sults are the victory of Saad Hariri’s coa- fourphases.Among noteworthythe re- nicipal and regional elections are held in for US citizens after reaching a trade trade a reaching after citizens US for restrictions visa of lifting the nounces • organisations. advocacy rights human 37 from tests pro- of face the in Nations,United the member of the Human Rights Council of • heardin Libya on these charges. case first the in trafficking ring migrant im- anbelonging peopleaccusedtoof • Libya Khartoum. and Cairo by period nial colo- the since enjoyed privileges the derogating and waters Nile the of use the modifying agreement an sign latter the when countries, Basin Nile the of between Egypt and Sudan and the rest • yearextension of the Laws. two- announcesaMubarak Hosni May 11 On Sadat. Anwar of assassination the following 1981 in approved Laws, Emergency the against demonstration • Lebanon newdestabilisation in Lebanon. a avert to situation the on eye close a mascusandTeheran that they will keep ever-increasing capability” and warn Da-

On On On On On On On 18 May Thr uhu te ot o My mu- May of month the oughout 10 May a trial begins against 490 14 May tension breaks out again 3 May the police repress a Cairo 13 May Libya is elected to be a be electedto isLibya May 13 6 a te oenet an- government the May 26 Abdullah II endorses the • forPreaching and Combat (GSPC). Touati, co-founder of the Salafist Group authoritiesOthmanearrestthe May 31 wounded in an attack in Boumerdes. On May two soldiers die and 18 civilians are 18 OnOuzou. Tiziterrorists nearthree todeactivate three other bombs and kill On the same day, security forces manage explosion of a terrorist device in Kabylia. • Morocco dressing.” opposition blasts the reforms as “windowThe Ministries. their plagued have that scandals corruption the despite posts their to on hold Engineering Civil and the Interior Ministry. The heads of Fishing Minister, and Dahou ould Kablia takes on rior to take up the new post of Vice-Prime NoureddineYazid Zerhouni leavesInte- YoucefwithreplacedYousfi. Energy,is of Minister the Khelil, Chakib cabinet. his in changes announces Bouteflika • Algeria Tunisian the League for by Human Rights. country the in tivity upholdsthe2001 sentence barring ac- • Interior,participation reaches 83.47% vote. Agreementing to the Ministry of the the of 90% withelectionsmunicipal in • Tunisia 20. May on and investment agreement with the US offour French tourists in 2005. belonged to AQIM to death for the killing Court sentences three Mauritanians who • Mauritania pensionreform. restructuring,industrialoremployment, economic challenges such as youth un- common tackle to agreement eration ria,Tunisia Mauritaniaandcoop- signa • ofprison. disbanded in June 2009 to 5 to 12 years operated in Morocco and Spain and wasthat cellterrorist a of members 12 the

On On On On On On On 9 May the governing RCD prevails 4 May a woman is wounded in the 23 May a Tunisian appellate court 26 May in , Morocco, Alge- 6 May6 the Sale Court sentences 25Maythe Nouakchott Criminal 28 May President Abdelaziz Abdelaziz President May 28 ofEconomy. servants civil demonstrate 1,500 before the some Ministry Madrid, In ployees. em-publicfor cutssalary the overtest • ates take place in France, Italy and Ireland.restsof members of ETA or their associ- ar-monthThroughoutPérez.Iriartethe Carlos JuanmemberETA arrest police • Spain relations. Switzerlandbilateral resume and Libya Alexandria. in protest sive Mubarak government organises a mas- the the against movement protest growing that month same the in majority immense by chamber) (upper Shura wins the elections to Socialists) the Council of the (NDP, Party Democratic National the Egypt, In place. take tion popula- civilian the by forces on UNIFUL attacks Lebanon, In place. takes Council Association Montenegro-EU referendum, and the first meeting of the tween Ljubljana and Zagreb by popular be- agreement mediation border the opens a new phase, the Slovenes ratify phases of its accession process, Turkey month that Croatia opens the three last same the In process. enlargement the and renews the region’s commitment to seat table same the at Kosovars to and Serbs manages Balkans Western mit in Sarajevo between the EU and the day-long protests take place. The sum- ducing the deficit. In both countries new re- of terms in Greece and France for ues to be one of the principal problems contin- system pension the of Reform June2010 bursedby the IMF. dis- be willwhich of bn 100euros, bn 600 difficulties.of total a reach will Aid for the euro zone economies undergoing with the support of France andplan rescueGermany, a for design the on agree • clouds. ash volcanic Icelandic the by caused ropeansky” responsein crisisairthe to urge the implementation of a “single Eu- Council calls an extraordinary meeting to • EuropeanUnion

On On On May 4 On 8 June civil servants strike in pro- 9 May the EU FinanceMinistersEU the May 9 Jn i Hnae te French the Hendaye, in June 1 h Erpa Transport European the • ofwiretap information in the media. wiretapsand prohibiting the publication limiting Law Gagpolemical the proves • Italy the tax havens. list” “grey of from uncooperative struck be to OECD the by ing the number of required agreements with seven Northern countries, exceed- agreements exchange information tax • sesmost public services. strikeagainstlongmeasurethisparaly- retirement age to 62. On June 24 a day- a pension reform proposal that raises the • France effect. juridical interpretative no references to Catalonia as the a nation that have declares and articles 14 fies nulli- it though Catalonia, of Autonomy of Statute the of constitutionality the eration, the Constitutional Court affirms • market. ur- of labour the reform for measures gent approves chamber) (lower uties • with51.5% of the vote. Croatia with agreement mediation der • Slovenia inrelation to the case. three senior officials June of 4 the On Ministry funds. resign EU of management EUinvestigation into irregularities inthe Education, Dolores Cristina, owing to an mandsthe resignation of the Minister of • Malta cutsapproved by the Executive. sponsible for 90% of the 24 billion euro re- be will governments local that test demonstration before the Senate to pro- • Monaco 2,500followers in Paris. movement, Republique Solidaire, before conservativepoliticalnew hislaunches

On On On On On On On June 19 On On On 29 June 6 June the Slovenes ratify the bor- 16 June the government presents 23 June in Paris, Monaco signs signs Monaco Paris, in June 23 22 June the Congress of Dep- of Congress the June 22 3 ue tla myr sae a stage mayors Italian June 23 0 ue h Iain eae ap- Senate Italian the June 10 Jn te oils Pry de- Party Socialist the June 3 after four years of delib- oiiu d Villepin de Dominique • sionnegotiations. 14 laws needed to complete the acces- changesmakepossibleapproval the of These legislation. EU to Constitution the adapt to necessary amendments • includingare nine customs agents. on the northern border of 21 smugglers, • Montenegro tack. at- the to relation in arrested are habis Wah- Five Bugojno. in station police a in in an explosion 6 are wounded more • integration. ropean the Eu- to reaffirms commitment Balkans’ Western that summit Balkans EU- the hosts Sarajevo Summit, greb • Mladic. Ratko of collaborator close a Beara, Popovic and the former Colonel Ljubisa Vujadin Colonel Lieutenant for life and that fluctuate between 5 years in prison sentences receive accused The sacre. mas- Srebrenica the for officer police Serb Bosnian one and officers army verdicts against six former high-ranking • Croatia grade is cooperating with the Court. the with cooperating is grade of the ICTY,Prosecutor Chief the that Bel- Brammertz, Serge by presented report the in verifying on Serbia with Agreement Association and bilisation of theto agrees ratification Sta- initiate • Bosniaand Herzegovina eign,Security and Defence Policy. damental Rights, Competence, and For- chapters of accession negotiations: Fun- • National the Councils. in representative their elect minorities national 19 the of bers • Serbia Dubrica. Hrvatska in civilians 56 of death 1991 the in involved been having of pected sus- and Croatia by wanted Krivosic,

On 10 June 10 On On On On On On On June 5 On On On 3 June the press reports the arrest 27 27 June one policeman dies and 30 June Croatia begins the finalCroatiabeginsthe June 30 14 June the European Council Council European the June 14 6 June for the first time, mem- time, first the for June 6 6 ue alaet dps the adopts Parliament June 16 2 June ten years after the Za- the after years ten June 2 h plc dti Marin detain police the the ICTY publishes its publishes ICTY the

333 Med.2011 Appendices 334 Med.2011 Appendices the June 16 bill that would abolishwouldcol-thatbill 16 June the new strike to demand the suppression of • Greece torun candidates in the elections. tion to gather 10,000 signatures in order parties without parliamentary representa- politicalrequire that codeelectoral the declares unconstitutional two articles of • SPto renew the boycott on June 30. ernmentoppositiontheand causes the of parallel negotiations between the gov- resumes activity. Parliament Nevertheless, Albanian the the failure 10, June On lin Albanian accession because of the on stal resolution planned the postpones • Albania name. the over Greece with dispute the by the EU and NATO, which are conditioned delays in the accession negotiations with of a lack of solutions for the crisis and of early elections accusing the government demand todemonstrate party,position op- main the SDSM, the by up called • tureto aid in debt reduction. publicexpendi-inmillioncut euro 76 a • Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia altercationsagainst the UNMIK. Court will try Kurti Pristina for the February The 2007 elections. upcoming the in run movementwill the nouncingthat an- after arrested is movement, aratist Vetevendosje! (Self-determination) sep- • ruleof law mission of the EULEX. extensionthetheyearsmore oftwo for • 1244 Resolution Council Security Nations United under Kosovo ZoranDjindjic. Minister, Prime Serbian the of sination assas-2003the co-author ofand clan of Sretko Kalinic, a member of the Zemun thatallows fortheextradition Croatiato Cr •

g of the political crisis in the country.thepolitical thecrisisin of g oatia sign an extradition agreement agreement extradition an sign oatia On On 2 On On On On On JuneBelgrade,28inOn Serbia and 10 June the government approves 8 June8 theEUCouncil approves 1 June the EuropeanParliamenttheJune 1 12 June , head of the of headKurti,Albin June 12 3 ue ree xeine a experiences Greece June 23 27 June thousands of people people of thousands June 27 1 June the Constitutional Court ­ • zincan,along with nine other suspects. Ankarafrees the chief prosecutor of Er- in court a parallel, In charges. without threegeneralssetscasetryingthefree courtthe June 18 Ergenekon Oncase. the to relation in others six with along Justice, of Minister former the Oktay, • wageand lower the cost of dismissal. lectivebargaining,minimumreducethe ter the assassination in Turkey of Luigi Turkeyof in assassination the ter af- day a starts visit The detail. security broad a with Cyprus to visit three-day • cialrepresentative for Cyprus. appoints American UN, Lisa Buttenheim the the new spe- of of General tary • Cyprus foodand animal safety. on 12 Chapter of opening the proves ap- Conference Accession Turkey-EU • died. activists ish the Freedom Flotilla in which nine Turk- on attack the to response in space air Turkish over fly to airplanes Israeli low al- to refuse to decided has it nounces • newconfrontations in Siirt Province. soldiersfourvehicle.20Junein die On military a onIstanbul in attack an in ed ri. On 22 June five die and 14 are wound- tations leave a total of 22 dead in Hakka- four militants. On 10 June new confron- bordercaptureto PKKmembers, killing Iraqicrossesarmythethe 16, June On Sirnak. ofprovince the confrontationin soldierandthree PKKterrorists diea in a 15 June On Istanbul. in by goes cle when a bomb explodes as a police vehi- • Turkey police. strikeendswithconfrontations withthe The pension. full a receive to order in minimum of 40 years of tax contributions theretirement ageand65torequires a pensionreformextendsthata provalof ap- the to reaction in Greece ralyses • dressed. ad- was it whom to Minister to sistant as-Protection,an ofdeathcausing the theheadquarters theMinistryof Civilof

On On On On On On On On On 29 June a new 24-hour strike pa- 24 June a letter bomb goes off at 2 JuneBanKi-moon,2 theSecre- 8 June 15 people are wounded are people 15 June 8 30 June the 9th Meeting of the of Meeting 9th the June 30 Jn Bndc XI eis a begins XVI Benedict June 4 Jn te oie ret Seyfi arrest police the June 1 8 ue h gvrmn an- government the June 28 • Lebanon Heights 1974. since present (UNDOF), Golan the from withdrawal UN Disengagement Observer Force for the of mandate the renew to decides • Syria sionon the island. mandate of the the UNFICYP, months its six peace for mis- extend to decides • Egypt drawal. with- in their resulting vehicles, UNIFIL of several passage the to prevent road June Kila Adeisseh-Kfar 29 the block residents On positions.” “Hezbollah photographing of accused near Naqoura, civilians of group a by retained • UNIFIL. prisonfor planning 2008 attacks on the in life and year onebetween of tences others twelve and court condemns two Palestinian citizens • unknown on chargeson the Syria-Lebanese border. police the by arrested activist,Kurdishandbloggertheisand • sentiment.” prison,“weakeningaccusedof national of yearsthree sentencedto isHassani • states. two the between definitive borders the establishto need the on agreeleaders Both Damascus. in counterpart, nese receivessadMichelSleiman,Leba- his • Cyprus. in Pope the with meet to intended had who Anatolia, of Bishop the Padovese, • losetheir Egyptian citizenship. lishingthat Egyptians married to Israelis tive Court confirms the sentence estab- cil in the second round of elections to elections of round second the in cil 80% of the 88 seats in the Shura Coun- • theFreedom Flotilla. aid to Gaza in response to the attack on passage for the entrance of humanitarian

On On On On On On June 1 On On On On 8 June the governing NDP obtains 23 June Kamal Hussein Cheikho, 30 June the UN Security Council 15 June the UN Security Council 15June President Bashar al-As- 20 June two UNIFIL officers are are officers UNIFIL two June 20 5 JunetheSupreme5 Administra- 3 ue ayr uand al- Muhannad lawyer June 23 1 June the permanent military military permanent the June 1 gp oes h Rafah the opens Egypt n absentia in o sen- to • isesto increase public employment. mand that the government keep de- its to prom- Parliament before demonstrate • Morocco themost wanted terrorists in Algeria. of the family of Mokhtar Taibaoui, one of membersarrestedaretheAmong port. Djebel Boukahil network of terrorist sup- eight farmers of in M’sila arrest puts an the end to June the 22 On dead. thirty than moreleavingterrorists and forces frontationsplacebetweentakesecurity • Algeria Tunisia.” “prejudiceinterestsvitalof tothe order legaltocontact foreign organisations in attackssecurityonabroad, il- making it regarding Code Criminal the of article liamentaryapprovalreformthetheof of • “hegemonyof the governing party.” the to end an put to seek they which Citizenship and Equality, a coalition with announce the creation of an Alliance for • Tunisia relations. diplomatic restore to Tripoli in agree the Swiss and Libyan Foreign Ministers tody since July 2008. On the same day, the Swiss citizen who has been in cus- • since1991. aid humanitarianproviding been has it cease its activities in the country, where to organisation the ordered has Libya spokeswoman,UNHCR announces that • Libya tationwith two police officers. death of young Khaled Said in 10 a confron- June the following organised tests tality in the framework of a series of pro- Alexandria to protest against police bru- tors led by Mohamed ElBaradei march in • turnout. the chamber, characterised by low voter rior announces the dismantling of a Tak-

On On Thr On On June 13 On On On oughout the month of June con- June of month the oughout 10 June several opposition groups 25 June thousands of demonstra- 2 June striking university students 15 June the press reports on par- 21 June the Ministry of the Inte-theMinistry ofthe June 21 8 June Melissa Fleming, the the Fleming, Melissa June 8 Libya frees Max Göldi, Max frees Libya • ArabLeague EEAS. mentMadridin forthe falllaunch the of liament, and the Council reach an agree- • states. the by submitted data the of reliability the investigate to powers greater Eurostat give to agree Ministers Finance 27 the addition, In dollars. billion 750 of a total for IMF the and EU the from loans with complemented be would that ros of an emergency fund of 440 billion eu- creation the on agree zone euro the of • EuropeanUnion immigration. to intensify coordinated control of illegal MoroccoSpainandholdconversations June 28 On aboard. immigrants haran sub-Sa-Saidia36within boat ceptsa dan,the Muslim Brotherhood threatens Jor- Constitution.In the onagreement its down hands Court Constitutional the whenboost strong a getsernment process undertaken by the Turkish gov- ernment continue to intensify. The reform measuresthegov-andadoptedthe by crisis economic the of worsening the bia and the EU. In Greece, protests over the UN that sparks a crisis between Ser- Belgradesubmitto drafta resolution to motivates which independence, ovo’s Kos- oflegality establishestheJustice at Srebrenica. The International Court of the fifteenth anniversary of the massacre France and Italy. Bosnia commemorates Minstry-levelresignationsinplace take of number a July of month the During July2010 raeliconflict. Arab-Is-the onnegotiationsIsrael with suspend to proposal Syrian the adopt tilla. Nevertheless, the meeting does not Flo- Freedom the on attack the lowing Turkeyand evaluatetosituation the fol- cil for a meeting with the Arab countries es that it will ask the UN Security Coun- end to the Gaza embargo and announc- • onJewish interests in Morocco. planning attacks was network firist that

On On June 7 On On 21 June the Commission, the Par- 2 June the League demands an demandsLeague the June 2 27 June the Gendarmerieinter- the June 27 the 16 Finance Ministers Finance 16 the • France it. against the rest of the parliamentary groups vote lan and Basque nationalists abstain, and Workers (PSOE) votes in favour, Cata- form; the Party of the Spanish Socialist re- law labour the of approves Deputies Congress the in Immigration and • of corruption and waste of public funds. theirrespective involvement in scandals area, announce their resignations due to Blanc, State Secretary for Greater Paris Secretary for Cooperation, and Christian • Executive. to the austerity measures adopted by the euro reduction in the budget in response projectsin order to achieve a6.4 billion hundrednearlyinfrastructuremajortwo of Public Works, announces a freeze on • Spain tiniansand Israelis. tionofthe negotiations between Pales- The Arab League approves the reactiva- Statesreformtotheir pension Member systems. the urges Commission the and US, the with agreement terrorism anti- the to light green the gives ment Parlia-Europeanthe EU, the of dency presi- 6-month the assumes Belgium life in prison. In the same month in which Appeals sentencesCourtAdelkhader Belliraj to Salé the Morocco, In Law. Electoralthe ofreform the protestover in elections November the boycott to arrestedin Spain in May. Amato, Raffaele of hand right the and Camorra the of group”“splinter the of sare Pagano, considered to be the head • Italy aftera robber was shot by police. and inhabitants of the Villeneuve district police the between Grenoble in occur • tationswith the police. demonstration ends with violent confron- The plan. reconstructiongovernment’s demonstrate in Rome to protest over the stroyedby an earthquake in April 2009, de- was which Abruzzo of capital the

On On On On On On 16 July a series of grave incidents 7 July 5,000 residents of L’Aquila, 8 July the Italian police arrest Ce- 30 July the Commission on Work 22 July José Blanco, the Minister 4 July Alain Joyandet, the State theJoyandet, Alain July 4

335 Med.2011 Appendices 336 Med.2011 Appendices first official visit to Serbia, withwhich toSerbia, visit official first Josipovic, the Croatian President, on his • relations. bilateral intensify to undertake Ankara and Belgrade which in Minister Prime Turkish the of visit official the during agreement to eliminate visa requirements • Serbia crimesagainst humanity. for sentenced be to citizen Croat nian Bos- first becomingBosniancourt,the a by prison in years 10 to sentenced RepublikaSrpska,isthe of armythe of • memorialcemetery of Potocari. of the identified victims are buried in the brenica massacre. On the occasion,Sre- 775 the of anniversary 15th the orate • Bosniaand Herzegovina officials from Kosovo. ministerialpresenceoftheprotest over Europe.Serbiaboycottsmeeting thein 5th International Congress on Southeast • monovic. Si- Ivan of place in Justice new of Minister the as Rights, Human for tions Na- United the of the General to Secretary advisor Bosnjakovic, Drazen • Croatia milessouth of Malta. 44 raft a on immigrants sub-Saharan 55 rescue vessels Maltese boats, yan • Malta theausterity plan. the 29, Chamber July of Deputies On definitively adopts years. two next the toachieve savings of25billion euros in aims whichadjustmentplan, economic • thejudiciary. in influence-trafficking for investigated being people of list the on appearing derSecretary of Economy, resigns after • ag •

ainstthe approval of the “gag law.” On On On On On On On On On day a forstrikemedia the July 9 On 9 and 10 July Dubrovnik hosts the 14 July Nicola Cosentino, the Un- 11 July 60,000 people commem- 12 July Serbia and Turkey sign an 19July Marko Boskic, amember 5 July Jadranka Kosor proposes Kosor proposes 5 Jadranka July 15 July15theSenate approves the 17 July in collaborationJulyin17 withLib- 18 July Boris TadicIvoreceives Boris July 18 • Albania committee. investigationan create to agrees ment lossoftheir jobs. OnJuly 15the Parlia- the over protesting were who ployees em- public of group a and party the of meeting in Parliament a filming between was members who Interior the of istry SDSMattackcameramanaMin- theof • Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia abuseof power. for and bribes accepting for arrested tral Bank of Kosovo, Hashim Rexhepi, is clean ethnic of conflict, accused sovo KosovoAlbanianmilitias duringKo- the theCommanderformer Ministerofand PrimeformerHaradinaj,Ramush the of • ofpublic sector contracts. tive reform and ensure the transparency tion,judicialembarkonadministra-and adopt stronger measures against corrup- place. The Commission urges Kosovo to logue between the EU and Kosovo takes bilisationAssociationand Process Dia- • CouncilResolution 1244 SecurityNationsUnited under Kosovo tweenBelgrade and Brussels. consensus,EUhavecrisis be-opensa solution. The document, which does not acceptable an not is secession lateral UN General Assembly insisting that uni- resolutiondrafttheSerbiasubmits ato law nor UN Resolution 1244. On July 28, internationalneither violates Kosovo of Justice (ICJ) rules that the independence deliberations,Internationalof theCourt • divisions. both countries hope to put an end to past Affairs, after learning of the arrest of a of arrest the of learningafter Affairs, nation of Ilir Meta, the Minister of Foreign • ess was marred by witness intimidation. evidence.The court finds that the proc- sin • ceptingbribes. ac- andorganisedcrime,fraud, power, money laundering, tax evasion, abuse of Minister of Health, is arrested in a raid for

g andpreviouslyg absolved forlack of On On On On On On On 6 July the first meeting of the Sta- 5 July the SP demands the resig- 1 July members of the opposition 23July the governor ofthe Cen- 21 July the ICTY orders a retrialordersa ICTYthe July 21 22 July after nearly two years of yearstwonearly after July 22 3 uy lr oa, dio t the to advisor Tolaj, Ilir July 13 ­ • Cyprus September. inreferendum popular tosubmitted be CHP.The approval of the measures will opposition the by appeal an annulling the government reform programme, thus constitutionalitythefavourof rulesin of • Turkey tothe army to guarantee the supply. country. On 31 July the government turns affecting the petrol supply throughout the plans to open the sector to competition, government protest to stoppage work • ofthe PKK. a demonstration in Diyarbakir in support over 5,000 people confront the police in combat in Hakkari and Elazig. On 11 July in soldiersdie armythree and PKK the natingin Iraq. On 5July 12 members of Kirkuk-Ceyhanpipeline,origi-the oil of explosionJulyan 3 destroys segment a diersseveraldiedin confrontations. On dayafterKurd12militants andfive sol- Mountains,one Qandil the inpositions • ministrationand hospital service. ad- public traffic, airdisrupts strike ant takes place. On 15 July Tourismanother and Culture civil of Ministryserv- the in form. On 13 July a strike by the workers re- pensionagainst strike general new • Greece threeyears, when his term ends. ing. Meta responds that he will resign in Ministryemployeenarcoticsfor traffick- prison for campaigning for an end to to end an for campaigning for prison in yearsthree toHaithamlawyer Maleh • carriedout in a number of Syrian cities. members of the PKK in a series of raids • Syria inquestions of property rights. proceed with a new meeting to advance • anexcessive deficit. ings against Cyprus for the existence of nancialAffairsCouncilproceed-opens

On On On On On On On July 7 On 4 July a military tribunal sentenced 13 July the EU Economic and Fi- 28July reunification negotiations 1 July the authorities400arrest the July 1 2 July the air force bombs PKK bombs force air the July 2 26 July Greek truckers begin a begin truckers Greek July 26 Jl pbi wres al o a for call workers public July 8 h Cntttoa Court Constitutional the iiOzu Truhu te ot at- month the Throughout Tizi-Ouzou. in el-Mizan, Draa in explodes device a • Algeria forJustice and Equality. rahim, leader of the insurgent Movement Libyatoexpel from its territory Khalil Ib- sioncomes about after Sudan petitions Khartoumeffect.inintodeci-goes The of the zone is threatened by rebel groups securitythebecause Libya with border its close to CommitteeSupreme nese • Libya Crossing. Rafah the through Gaza reaches finally cargo boat’s The blockade. the break to not warning Israel’s to response in el-Arishinafterchangingchorroute its withhumanitarian Gazasetsan-foraid • Egypt mentover the last decade. to control almost half the seats in Parlia- prejudicialto the party,which has come considers it whichlaw,electoral the of reformtheprotestelectionsover berin announces that it will boycott the Novem- • Jordan sinationof Rafiq Hariri. Lebanonassas-2005visittosincethe first al-Assad’s is It countries. two the of the normalisation of relations between make a joint trip to Lebanon, a clear sign ArabiaSaudi of King the andal-Assad • cusedof spying for Israel. ac- arrested, are firm communications • Lebanon theface veil in Syrian universities. of prohibitionthe announcesSaad, Ali • ingState security.” two more lawyers arrested for “threaten- Al-Abdullah, Saleh Ali and al-Hassani, requests the release EU of the Maleh, July Muhannad 23 On morale.” the country’s “weakening and law emergency

On On On On On On On July 18, the Minister of Education, 13 July the freighter sent by Libya 1 July a soldier is wounded when 13July twoemployees tele-ofa 1 July the decision of the Suda-thedecision ofthe July 1 30 July the Muslim BrotherhoodMuslimthe July 30 30 July Syrian PresidentSyrianBasharJuly 30 7th. land, approved by the Parliament on the start of accession negotiations with Ice- the authorises and Parliament, ropean following approval on the 8th in the Eu- adopts the decision to create the EEAS, • andsecurity forces. civiliansbetweenvictims10 thanmore leaving country, the of areas different in place takeconfrontations and tacks • February. in rejected been had which of version roristagreementearlier anUS,withthe anti-ter-the versionof new approvesa • lapseof their pension systems. their retirement ages to prevent the col- graduallyraiseStatesMember the that recommendingCouncil the to report a • law. of rule the strengthening and agenda social European a of construction the in ing advanc- and arena international the in EU the for relevance greater achieving pollution, of reduction eco- growth, nomic sustainable for support orities as pri- its of EU the setting Presidency • EuropeanUnion ofwhich six terrorists died. freehim in Mali on 22 July in the course toFrench-Mauritanian troopsby tempt at- failed the for retaliation in maneau, ecutionofFrench hostage, Michel Ger- • Mauritania February2008. in dismantled AQIM, of cells support largest the of one forresponsible was Belliraj.terrorist,The AQIM,withtiesto confirms the life sentence of Abdelkader • Morocco unconditionalrelease. nessman and request his immediate and to protest the 3 July kidnapping of a busi- Ouzou demonstrate in the town of Freha • atleast until 2010. assigned to the CAP at its current level, maintainingfavourofbudgetin tionthe

On On On On On On On On On 16 July the Salé Court of Appeals 25 July AQIM announces the ex- 8 July8 theEPapproves resolu-a 7 July the CommissionthepresentsJuly 7 8 July the European Parliament European the July 8 26 July the European Council Council European the July 26 Jl te naiat o Tizi- of inhabitants the July 5 1 July Belgium assumes the the assumes Belgium July 1 • ArabLeague essaryrequirements have been met. tinianAuthority, considersnec- thethat moud Abbas, the President of the Pales- directMah-talkswithIsraelsoonasas anagreement to support the renewal of • Spain alForestry Authority. since January– according to the Nation- – 77% of the 106,000 hectares burned out the month of August reaches 88,383 have been devastating Portugal through- that fires forestthe consumedbytares • Portugal legalimmigration.” eurosyearfromatheEU “contain to il- billion 5 demands Libya Hariri. Rafiq of death the ininvolvement Israeli’s of theproof that Hezbollah claims tohave Fayez Karam for spying for Tel Aviv and Israel,convictiontheformer Generalof with confrontation border a with well, as Lebanon, in increases East Middle the in tension The increases. Al-Kibar US and the IAEA to allow full access to hammer” plot. In Syria, pressure from the hundred people with a ties of to the arrest “Sledge- the with contrasts officers army to appoint two high-ranking military governmentbetweenmentthethe and the Greek economy. In Turkey, the agree- of a second stage of international aid to counts clears the way to the concession ac-GreektheEU ofauditand IMF the the mandate of Valentin Inzko. In Greece, Councilyear’sextensionapprovesaof votea ofconfidence. In Bosnia, the EU mentofSilvio Berlusconi isable towin Spain and Morocco. In Italy, the govern- of Ceuta is the scene of a crisis between In the month of August, the Spanish city A ward female police officers, as well as a to- citizens Moroccan by aggressions border.addition,In police unions report Spanish-Moroccan the on police ish leged cases of police brutality by Span- al- regarding accusations Morocco’s Melillarespondsto of city the ingation

ugu On On On st2010 29 July the Arab League reaches 8 August,governmentthe8 Dele- 31 August, the number of hec- of number the August, 31

337 Med.2011 Appendices 338 Med.2011 Appendices of war crimes committed in Osijek in in Osijek in committed crimes war of guilty Bosnia, to fled who deputy wing ultra-right- the Glavas, Branimir finds • Italy agreeto a 10% raise in the base price. industry the and workers dairy the 20 August On milk. of priceregulatingthe enforce the agreement reached in 2009 State the that demand to and income countryto warn of their alarming loss of severalprefecturestheinacrossstrate • France napperproduce discomfort in Algeria. thepayment andtherelease thekid-of tania to Mali, where he is released. Both extraditiontheofkidnapper fromMauri- mentoffive to ten million euros and the pay- uponreleased are Theynounced. an- is 2009 November in Mauritania in kidnapping their after Mali in AQIM by held being were who workers aid • cia,Almeria, Melilla, and Cadiz. rescuedoff the coasts of Alicante, Mur- operations more than 180 immigrants are flux of immigrants to Spain. In a series of • tionof the incidents.” Alawite monarch, announces the “resolu- the with and Cherqaoui, Taieb terpart, coun-hismeetingwith after androcco Mo- to travels Interior, the of Minister Spanish the Rubalcaba, Pérez fredo Melilla and Morocco. On 23 August, Al- between border the block ganisations or- Moroccan August, 18 and 12 On resourcescontrolborder.ofthelackto • Croatia ofReggio Calabria. Salvatore di Landro, the chief prosecutor explodes in the doorway of the house of • afterthe split with the LDP. first test of the stability of the Presidency ence the Justice Department. This is the tion in a political plot that sought to influ- tice,on learning of his possible implica- Jus- forSecretary Under theCaliendo, motion was presented against Giacomo The majority. simple by opposition the vives a no-confidence vote presented by

On On On On On On On 26 August, an ‘Ndrangheta bomb 12 August, there is a massive in- 2 August,dairyworkers2demon- August 22, liberation of the two the liberationof 22,August Ags, h gvrmn sur- government the August, 4 4 August, the Supreme Court Court Supreme the August, 4 • 1244 Resolution Council Security Nations United under Kosovo Kosovo.of decision of the ICJ on the independence tion to the United Nations regarding the resolu- joint a presenting of possibility the study to Belgrade to visit official welle and William Hague, embark on an Wester- Guido Ministers, Foreign ish • duringthe conflict. of the 840 who disappeared in Visegrad nounced. The remains couldan- beis awar fractionBosnian the of victims 200 least at holdingPerucac Lake in grave • Bosniaand Herzegovina intoCroatia. attemptscrosshewhenSerbiafromto crimes war against Croatian of officers accused in August 1991, Casic, omir • prison. 1991, He is sentenced to eight years in the UN substitute a new document for document new a substitute UN the that requests formally Hyseni Skender • indignationof . the prompting unconstitutional, is ovo intheSerbian majority enclaves inKos- 45,000 workers in the parallel institutions sion adopted in 2003 to give aid to some Courtrules thatthegovernmental deci- • Serbia sionprocess. maintasks left to advance in the acces- ruptionandorganised crime, oneofthe presentsthetoitsEUplan against cor- • Montenegro tionswith the EU. restric- visa of lifting the for quirement agencies in the country, an essential re- enforcement law different the among of Ministers adopts rules on coordination • Herzegovina. InternationalCommunity for Bosnia and the of Representative High the Inzko, tends for a year the mandate of Valentin

On On On On On On On On On 9 August, the discovery of a mass 27 August, the German and Brit- 5 August, the police arrest Drag- 19 August, the Federal CouncilFederal the August, 19 11 August, the EU Council ex- Council EU the August, 11 19 August, the Constitutional Constitutional the August, 19 4 August, Foreign Minister Minister Foreign August, 4 5 August, the government government the August, 5 • Greece disputes. sible pos- on settling for responsible be to courts the than rather Return Property for Agency National the for stitutional uncon- it considering dictatorship, the during confiscated lands of return the regulating approved, has Parliament that bill Law Property the back sends • Albania sassinatedduring the Kosovo conflict. of some twenty Kosovo Serb citizens as- a grave found in Zilivoda with the remains lowing intense negotiations, to name name to negotiations, intense lowing tween the government and be- the army, reached fol- agreement an approves • Turkey ondof the approved aid packages. sec- the ofrecommends paymentsion EuropeanCommis-August,the 19 On public, revealing made are IMF “considerable the and progress.” EU the by out carriedaccountspublic Greek of audit • munity. com- Greek the towards xenophobia of expressions of August in increase Athens express their concern about the and Tirana Both Greek. in addressed en Albanians whom the young man had sev- by murdered is community Greek • Kosovo.of independence the on cree de- ICJ the following 1244 Resolution • population. egy based on the integration of the Serb Northern Kosovo. Thaci defends a strat- possibilityautonomyof solutionaas for Prime Minister Hashim Thaci rejects any • natingin Kirkuk, killing two people. pipelineorigi-oil anMardinProvince in a bomb attributed to the PKK goes off in other skirmish in Hakkari. an- On in 10 August, die PKK the of members three and Dicle in stationpolice a on sation inanattack bythe PKK terrorist organi- On the same day, an officer is wounded militiamenKurdDogubayazit, near Agri. and army the between confrontation

On On On On On On On 5 On 8 August, President Abdullah Gul 14 August, on a visit to Mitrovica, 16 August, President Bamir Topi 5 August,5 soldiera dies during a 31 August,excavationsin31 begin 16 August, a member of the the of member a August, 16 August, the findings of the first • to“protect the nation with dignity”. nounces a new national an- rearmament Lebanon of plan Sleiman Michel ident result of the incident, on August 7 Pres- a As die. journalist Lebanese one and one Israel soldier, two Lebanese soldiers raelisoldiers. coursetheclashtheInof Is- Lebanesebetweenandplace takes • Lebanon NorthKorean technology. with reactor nuclear a developing be could Syria thatsuspicions and to pointing installations Kibar Al the to tors continues to block the access of inspec- aconfidential report revealing that Syria May the Reuters news agency published militarywithtionsobjectivesSyria.In in garding the existence of nuclear installa- re- inspection special a requesting of IAEAannounces that the USisthinking • Bayanouni. al Ali new party guide in exile, succeeding to the as 1980s, the in Brotherhood lim led the armed sector of the Syrian Mus- bul of Mohammad Riad al-Shaqfa, who sources report the July election in Istan- • Syria in Cyprus. northern property to right any the on without progress meetings reunification new hold Presidents Cypriot Turkish • Cyprus cilin October 2009. adopted by the National Security Coun- of threats to national security, a decision list itsfromGreeceremove decision to on the Aegean in response to the Turkish territorialclaimsitswithdraw to Athens met Davutoglu declares that he expects • additionalmonth. organisation extends the ceasefire for an Ramadan.Attheend ofSeptember the of duration the for ceasefire unilateral • theGeneral Staff. forces and General Isik Kosaner Chief of land CeylanogluofGeneralErdal head of Hezbollah, Hassan Nasrallah, shows

On 9 August, 9 On On On On On 4 and On On 13 August, the PKK announces a 3August, aborder confrontation 31 August,Foreign31Minister Ah- Ags, h U evy o the to envoy US the August, 3 2 August, numerous media media numerous August, 2 10 August, the Greek and the secretary general secretary the • fraud. toral elec- of suspicions alleging elections, hood, decides to boycott the November Brother- Muslim the of branch danian Jor- the Action, Islamic for Front the of • Jordan Hezbollah. ment by all the Lebanese militias except disarma- Taef Al the with compliance 20 and dead of question the reopens and wounded, three leaves conflict lowers of Hezbollah and Al-Ahbash. The of an armed confrontation between fol- ited by Shiites and Sunnis, is the scene neighbourhood Burj Abu Haidar, inhab- • Hezbollah. to ties sible pos- of suspicion the of because army Lebanese the to aid freeze to decision US the criticises Defence, of Minister moud Abbas to agree on common common on positions. agree to Abbas moud ing with Abdullah II of Jordan and Mah- ment takes place a week after his meet- Palestinians and Israelis. The announce- between negotiations of Washington in renewal the attend will he that firms • President. next the as leaders, current the of son Mubarak, Gamal of support in liance an- al- popular a of Al-Tagamnu, creation the nounces group leftist the of member former and regime, barak Mu- the to opposition the of member • Egypt wounded. are city of Aqaba; one person dies and five and lands in the neighbouring Jordanian course off goes Sinai the in militiamen the Israeli city of Eliat by fundamentalist • year. other an- for mandate UNIFIL the extend to tension, the UN Security Council agrees • mation. infor- more requests and complete not is submitted evidence the that decrees Lebanon for Tribunal Special the 24, August On 2005. in Hariri Rafiq ident Pres- Lebanese of assassination the in Israel implicate that photographs aerial

On 21 August, On August, 2 On August, 1 On On On On 20 August, in light of the growing 2 August, Madi Al-Kurdi, former former Al-Kurdi, Madi 2 August, 24 August, the central Beirut Beirut central the August, 24 11 August, Elias al-Murr, the the al-Murr, Elias August, 11 the general assembly general the a rocket launched on launched rocket a Hosni Mubarak con- • Mauritania Morocco. in interests foreign against sabotage of acts preparing were who 18 members, its of arrest the with cell terrorist a of dismantling the announces Interior • Algeria ligionof all Europe.” sertsthat “ should become the re- der to contain illegal immigration; he as- amountbillionof5 euros annually inor- the in aid EU demands he which ing ends a polemical official visit to Italy dur- leads to the first changes in the Papan- economy the save to efforts intensify to need the Greece, In bankruptcies. nomic governance that will avert future eco- EU true a approve in to September adopted measures the alongside place take themselves, institutions EU in strikes the before and Spain Greece, France, regard, this In European agendas. diverse the for backdrop The economic crisis continues to be the September2010 barracks. army an into bursts explosives with ed near the Mali border, when a jeep load- Nema, in attack suicide a in wounded • Morocco since2001. ofterrorists, onwhich hadheappeared has been removed from the UN blacklist GSPC, of founder the Hattab,Hassan • petratedin the region by AQIM. todemonstrate against the attacks per- after deciding in late May to allow citizensBoumerdes assassinated in is , • freehostage Michel Germaneau. the failed Franco-Mauritanian attempt to rorist network who were captured during suspected of belonging to the nationals AQIM ter- Malian two charges without • Libya

On On On On On On On On 6 August, Mohamed Idir, mayor of 3 uut Muiai releases Mauritania August, 13 11 August, the Ministry of the the of Ministry the August, 11 0 uut Mamr Gaddafi Muammar August, 30 9 August, August, 9 25 August, three soldiers are are soldiers three August, 25 Liberté Liberté reports that that reports

339 Med.2011 Appendices 340 Med.2011 Appendices lentconfrontations. cities,andinBarcelona they endinvio- main the in placeDemonstrations take reform.pensionunemploymentingand thegovernment’s plan for cutbacks, ris- called by the main unions in protest over • ernmentand most parties. gov-the of partthescepticism with on met is arms, down laying mention not doesannouncement, whichtions.”The ac- armed “offensive out carry to not by the BBC, ETA announces its intention • than160 immigrants are intercepted. more containing boats September of 20 and17, 16, theAlmeria. Port Onof the reaches immigrants sub-Saharan • Spain cutbackplan to reduce the deficit. the outcarryingstructuralreforms take isters of Finance urge Portugal to under- • 18years of prison. cusedsentencesto betweenof sixand ac- seven the of six condemning tory, closely-watched case most in Portuguese and longest his- the trial, pederasty hands down a sentence in the Casa Pia of trial and 980 witnesses, a Lisbon court • Portugal office. for run to decides service, secret the of head Suleiman, tributes to Israel’s fears. In Egypt, Omar sia’s intention to sell arms to Syria con- , the announcement of 26 Rus- of amendments approval to the Constitution. In the obtain to erendum celebrates its victory in the popular ref- AKP governing the Turkey, In Court. Constitutional the to response in signs re- Sejdiu Fatmir President Kosovo, In Serbs. Kosovo the and opposition the ICTY, the by pressure increasing to subject government Serbian a and to the UN General Assembly by the EU joint resolution on Kosovo is submitted a as place, take question Kosovo the in changes Substantial Roma. mented with regard to the expulsion of undocu- EU the with dispute bitter a maintains of aid from the EU and the IMF. France country receives the second installment the month same the in cabinet dreou

On On On On On 3 September following eight years 30 September the euro zone min- 29 September a general strike is 5September in a video released 4 September a boat holding 34holding boat Septembera 4 • coalitionwith Gianfranco Fini. of the 34 deputies who split from the PdL no-confidence support ofthe vote with On 29 September Berlusconi survives a term. the out finish to pact aproposes thedefinitive end of the PdL, though he announcesFini, Deputies, of Chamber • France substantial investment in wind energy energy wind in investment substantial his for Wind” the of “Lord nicknamed Nicastri, Vito businessman to longing be- largely euros, billion 1 than more operation seizes Mafia goods valued at • raclans. resistance to the interests of the Camor- of policy a outcarrying been had sallo Vas-assassinated.is Pollica, of Mayor • Italy 1against. publicspaces by 246 votes in favour to semblyprohibitinginveil theof use the As- National the by approved law the • yetanother general strike. September23On France facediswith bill. reform pension the adopts sembly September10On62. Nationalthe As- increase in the retirement age from 60 the to and year cutbacks government the against of strike general fourth the • tiveon freedom of movement. intolinewith the 2004 European direc- October of a plan to bring the legislation France,requiringsubmission15 the by against proceedings infringement gins On29September the Commission be- majoritya Europeanofof chancelleries. the French government and the censure World War II, arousing the during indignation Nazis of the by out carried those with deportations the compares and action legal threatens Commissioner, ber Viviane Reding, the European Justice Communitylegislation.Septem- 14 On European and EU the by underwritten France that the expulsions violate treaties EuropeanParliamentthewarnstember duringthe month ofAugust. OnSep-9 tookdownseveral illegal encampments police the after Roma undocumented 100 some expel to decisionernment’s strate in the main cities against the gov-

On On On On On On On 5 September the President of the 14 September the Senate ratifies 4 September thousands demon- 7 SeptemberFranceundergoes7 Spebr neo Vassallo, Angelo September 6 14 September a major police police major a September 14 • Serbia security,defence and foreign policy. of questions on agreement exchange information confidential a sign EU the • Montenegro thatit violates the Dayton Agreements. ImplementationCouncil onthe grounds sentative,Valentin Inzko, andthePeace members of Parliament, the High Repre- tory. The law is criticised by the Bosnian terri-publicpropertiesitsallsell in and Srpska will have the authority to manage Republikathe Property,stipulatingthat Parliament approves a new Law on State • Bosniaand Herzegovina tirementage from 63 to 65. re-anticipatesprogressivethe inarise presents its bill on pension reform which • Malta Syria. of way by Hezbollah and Hamas to sives tion of the ‘Ndrangheta to supply explo- opera- an to discovery the tie thorities au- The explosives. RDX of tons seize authorities Italian the Calabria, of port • activity. criminal through obtained money using iitr o te U osdr Serbia’s consider EU the of Ministers SeptemberKosovo.Foreign13the On explicitly recognise the independence of Belgrade and Pristina, though it does not Kosovo advocating for dialogue between jointresolutionUnitedNationsthea on present before the General Assembly of • Slovenia die. people Six Gozo. Xaghra, in explodes • theconstruction of a school. propriation of a parcel of land ceded for lamiccommunityresponse inex-the to Is- the from demonstrators and police district,inviolent incidents between the Raska the in Pazar, Novi in wounded

On On On On On On On On 22 September in the Gioia Tauro 14 September the Bosnian Serb 8 September8 Serbia andtheEU 4 September4 severalpeople are 5 Septemberfireworks5 a factory 14 September MontenegroSeptemberand 14 9 September the government government the September 9 responds to an SOS sent from a ship off • Greece Affairs. Foreign over takes Haxhinasto mond on to the Ministry of Economy, and Ed- moves Meta, Ilir Affairs, Foreign of ister changes in the cabinet. The current Min- the governmening coalition, announces a member of ment for Integration (LSI), • theelectoral code. of reformobstructionblockingmentary parlia- of context the in and document two days before the deadline to issue the elections,localnext the fordate the as Topi signs a decree setting 8 May 2011 • Albania ityby radical Islamist groups. counter the worrisome increase in to activ- embassies Western and State the fromMacedoniamunityaidforof (IVZ), IslamictheReligiousofhead the Com- sponse to the call by Sulejman Rexhepi, radicalofIslamismcountry, thein re- in nounce that they will increase monitoring • Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia sovo(LDK). and leader country of the Democratic League of the Ko- of President as ing the Constitution by simultaneously serv- sion finding him guilty of having violated down of the Constitutional handing Court’s the deci- on Presidency the signs • enclavesof Kosovo. Serb the to lines supplies that erator Srbijaekominstallations, Serbianop-a Kosovo police agents shut down the Tel- when the Kosovo Telephone Agency and Serbs are left without telephone service • 1244 Resolution Council Security Nations United under Kosovo onan equal footing. Kosovowillonly agree conversationsto ter of Kosovo, Hashim Thaci, warns that their October meeting. The Prime Minis- Serbianaccessioncandidacytheinfor include to agree andpositiveevolution

On On 13 September On On On On 27 Septemberre-SejdiuFatmir27 Spebr h Cat Guard Coast the September 3 6 etme 1,0 Kosovo 18,000 September 26 6 September President Bamir Bamir President September 6 2 etme te oie an- police the September 22 the Social Move- • tionalreferendum on the 12th. constitu- the of boycott a for call and government”theKurdish peoplebythe Istanbultodenounce the “repression of in BDP the by called demonstration a • Turkey theIMF. the bailout plan approved by the EU and installmentsecondaidstipulatedthe in • ofthe country, remains in place. sible for the country’s economic recovery MinisterofFinance andperson the respon- Papakonstantinou, Georgios ed. shuffle almost a year after he was elect- dreouannounces hisfirst major cabinet • ingare arrested. a Georgian suspected of human traffick- 115 immigrants are saved and a Turk and thecoast ofChios flying the Italian flag; riots. Cyp- Turkish the to concessions ment govern- excessive of parties political by several accusations following about comes agreement The negotiations. the during tabled proposals the bate de- to subcommittee parliamentary a of creation the to agrees (Parliament) Council National the of meeting the September 14 On island. the of north the in rights property on agreement an reach to Eroglu Dervis and Christofias meetings take place between Demetris • Cyprus mentwith the support of the EU. 26 of package govern-theamendments presentedby the of favour in out come referendumConstitutional the in • whena landmine explodes. Gecitli in die passengers bus 10 16, militarya oninstallation. SeptemberOn attack rocket PKK in a followingHakkari, confrontation a during ganisation or- terrorist PKK the of members nine • Council. Security UN the Presidencyofrotating • ingsector. cities against the expansion of the truck- begin new protests in the principal Greek

On On On On On On On On On 10 September riot police confront 1 September Turkey assumes the 12 September 58% of the voters 7 September security forces killSeptemberforcessecurity 7 14 September Greece receivesGreeceSeptember 14 Spebr eris Papan- Georgios September 7 14 September Greek truckers truckers Greek September 14 3, 7, and 10 September new new September 10 and 7, 3, • Republic.” the of President the to alternative true the is Suleiman “Omar slogan the with chief, intelligence Egyptian the man, Sulei- Omar of photograph a bearing posters with plastered awaken Cairo lgt rgntn i Dmsu. Daba Damascus. in originating flight a on airport Cairo the at arrival his on Khamis Mohammed Dababesh, of a top Hamas security official, arrest the theLibyan President. directorSaifisAl-Islam Gaddafi, son of whosedialogue,religious bilitationand Gaddafi Foundation programme of reha- leases 37 Islamists who had finished the • introducedemocratic reforms. presidentialelections Mubarakif fails to radei calls for a boycott of the November meal in Sayeda Zeinab, Mohamed ElBa- • Egypt ofhis father, Rafiq Hariri. beingSyriabehindofassassination the accuse mistake”to “a was it that daily the to declaresHariri • Syria • security.”tional na- compromise to designed tivities declaresto Serdyukov, Anatoly Defence, of ister • Libya liceand ten arrests. endsinconfrontationa with the riot po- son Gamal in power. The demonstration by President Hosni Mubarak to install his attemptsthe overprotest in palacetial strate in Cairo before Abidine’s presiden- accused is besh • Lebanon Hezbollah. transferredbecouldto andIsraelinavy representsecuritythethreattheto of a Israel,andUS whichconsider thatthey objectionsthe fromof face the insiles, mis- Yakhontcruisesupersonic P-800 including arms of sale the for 2007 in tiontofulfil contracta signed with Syria

On On On On On On On 6 September Prime Minister Saad 21 September hundreds demon- 20 September 1 September the government re- 17 September17Russian theMin- 6 September at a crowded a Septemberat 6 2 September the streets of of streets the September 2 RIANovosti of “implication in ac- in “implication of Al-Ahram Asharq al-AwsatAsharq Russia’s inten- reports iftar ­

341 Med.2011 Appendices 342 Med.2011 Appendices a Broo dfns ie roiis for priorities five defines Barroso, rao European Commission, José Manuel Du- the Presidentof thespeech,Union the • January2011. 1 oneffective become will which sion, Commis-the supervisionpresentedby financial of system new the approves cial securities. On 22 September the EP the solvency of banks, markets and finan- pean Supervision Authorities to monitors Euro-three and SystematicRisk on cil to the creation of a new European Coun- agreeParliament and Councilmission, • EuropeanUnion soldiers. tations take a toll of 12 terrorists and six north of Mali. On September 19 confron- theeastern intheborderand on AQIM the of positions against offensive an • atotal of 14 soldiers died. in 2007 and 2008 respectively, in which ElGhallaouiya and Aket Tourine attacks to AQIM and of having participated in the detain a person suspected of belonging • Mauritania process. AQIM followers to join the reconciliation Sayoud and Othmane Touati had urged , Radio for interview an in gust, Au- 28 On prison. in years three after GSPC, the of member a Saoud, Samir frees Algeria 9, September On arms. its down lay to AQIM for radio public on call a makes GSPC, the of founder • wounded. naielkills twopolicemen andleaves ten centreBordjbombattacktheMe-ofin cal policeman. On 21 September a new licebarricade near Dhehira and kill a lo- Septemberfifteen gunmen attack po- a in a bomb explosion near Bejaya. On 14 Skikda. On September 11 a soldier dies provinceof the terroristinambush a in • whichmore than 20 gendarmes died. of having taken part in a June ambush in andAQIM Algeriansto ties accusedof the police arrest three Tunisians and four • Algeria

On On On On On On On 3 September in Bordj Bou Arreridj 2 September the European Com- 6 September four local police die 7 September first State hisof 7 in 17 September the army begins army the September 17 14 September security forces forces security September 14 8 September Hassan Hattab, Hattab, Hassan September 8 generalbudgets following weeks of un- 2011 the of adoption the guarantees theopposition reach anagreement that • Portugal excessive deficits of the Member States. Treatyallowpreventiveto sanctions for Lisbonthemodify proposalGermanto French- the acceptsEU The Front. rio the increasing tensions between Rabat and the Polisa- seriously mantled, dis- be to Ayoun El nearcity tent hara WesternSa- agovernment orders can 2011 presidential elections. The Moroc- he will run for re-election in the October that announces Mubarak Hosni tainty, uncer- of months After Hariri. Rafiq of national court judging the assassination inter-questionHezbollahtheintocalls extension of the cease-fire. In Lebanon, PKK terrorist organisation the announces Turkey, an In chamber. the abandon whensocialistthe deputies onceagain blocked eternally be to continues ity country.In Albania, parliamentary activ- presidential elections for the future of the Bosniaholdscrucialparliamentary and elections scheduled for February 2011. the advance to threateningKosovo, in Another government coalition is broken governmentcoalition.the from off split Gianfranco Fini launches his new party, against pension reform increase. In Italy, protests France in and announced, is significantSpain,a Incabinet reshuffle ments. govern-European by monthsrecent in protest over the austerity plans adopted Action”ofin “EuropeanDaythe during Brussels in rally countries 30 in tions workers’organisa- fromdemonstrators • Europeon the international level. promotinghomogeneousbudgetanda EU the modernising resources, teeing European tax for the purpose of guaran- a proposing and security; and justice freedom, of area an buildingployment; egystimulatingof growth createto em- strat- 2020 Europe the affirming ance; govern- economic reinforcing Europe: • SecurityCouncil. beanon-permanent member of the UN O

cto On On On ber2010 12 October Portugal is elected to 29 September more than 80,000 30October thegovernment and • France to Pajín. Leire over Health of Ministry the hands Trinidadby Affairs turn in who Jiménez, Foreign in replaced is Moratinos gel on the Vice-Presidency and Miguel Án- Interior, Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba, takes of his . The Minister of the stage last the face to cabinet his in es Zapatero announces significant chang- • (terroristorganisation). rector of the international network of Segi restUrbeka Bravo Corral, presumed di- Spanishsecurityar-forcesandFrench • Spain politicalcrisis. tiations that led to fears of a financial and certainty and a temporary break in nego- • Frenchhistory. in fraud stock greatest the in 2008 in actions caused losses of 4.9 billion euros brokerfor the Société Générale, whose of Paris condemns Jerome Kerviel, former • roristsin its territory. withregardthe presenceto ETAof ter- response” “definitive a give Venezuela that insists Affairs, Foreign of Minister the Moratinos, Miguel October 13 On sibilityin the Hugo Chavez government. Cubillas,positionahaswho respon-of under the tutelage of ETA member 2008 in Arturo Venezuela in training terrorist fore the National Court that they received declarebe- September29arrested on • Almeriaand Murcia. areintercepted offthe coasts ofCeuta, eria and Murcia. On 3 October 43 more interceptedin waters off Granada, Alm- total of 164 sub-Saharan immigrants are • attackon European cities. the US raised by suspicions of a possible text of widespread unease in Europe and cells. The Islamist operation takes radical place in a con- members suspected paralyses classrooms, transport, and re- thatstrike new a coincideswithmarch Thegovernment. the by proposed age retirementthe inincrease the over test million people takes place in Paris in pro-

On On On On On On 2 On 5 October the Correctional Court 12 October in Hendaye (France), 4 October three members of ETA 12October marcha ofover one 1 October eight rafts bearing a bearingrafts eightOctober 1 5 October the police arrest 12 arrest police the October 5 0 October José Luis Rodríguez absolute majority, and in Piran victory victory Piran in and majority, absolute by re-election obtains Jankovic Zoran Ljubljana,independentelectionsin oral may- the In12.05%. withParty ocratic of the votes, followed by the Social Dem- first round of local elections with the18.73% in prevailsconservatives) (SDS, ty • Slovenia inthe existing one. environmentalandstudieshealth do to notice the opening of the new dump and ernmentagrees tosuspend until further tween residents be- and the police. confrontations The gov- violent producing Terzigno, in dump garbage European largest the open to plans government of discovery the followingarose which an agreement to end the garbage crisis, the provincial authorities of Naples reach • case. Mediaset 2003 and 2004, in the framework of in the infractions tax for another and sion eva- tax alleged for Minister Prime the tor in Rome opens one investigation into • August. in euros billion 1.843 of record historic new a reached had debt public Italian the that announces Italy of Bank the after day the deficit, public the reduce to Law” Stability “2011-13 the adopts • fans. bian Ser- tions by provoked ultra-right-wing alterca- violent of result a as pended Italy and match between is Serbia sus- • sionfrom the government coalition. he announced in July following his expul- conservative),(FLI,PartyItalyforwhich Libertyand Future introducesciallythe • thePurple People civic group. Berlusconi Day, a call to mobilisation by GovernmentsecondofHeadtheNo in people demonstrate in Rome against the • Italy risein the retirement age. 27 French October deputies definitively approve On the unfold. to continue tiontoreopen therefineries as protests interven-policegovernmentorders the fineries for over a week. On 20 October

On On On 15 October On On On On 10 October the Democratic Par- 25October thegovernment and 12 October in Genoa, a soccer soccer a Genoa, in October 12 2 October tens of thousandsof of tensOctober 2 5 October Gianfranco Fini offi- Fini Gianfranco October 5 14 October the government government the October 14 the Public Prosecu- BosnianSerb militias. the Bosniansby 79 ofmurdersequent tation that led to the surrender and sub- officers are on trial for this illegal depor- of Bosnian refugees. Nine former police ments related with the 1992 deportation Montenegro will declassify all the docu- that announces Marovic Svetozar ter • ka,a major Croatian food company. in a case of corruption involving Podrav- to 15 months in prison for his implication Economy, Damir Polancec, is sentenced • Sanaderis readmitted to Parliament. October 20 On himself. for immunity parliamentary ensure to corruption, of case a investigationfor underPremier, suggest that it is herself an attempt Kosor and by the opposition former The ter. mentof Jadranka Kosor as Prime Minis- July2009whichappoint-intheleadto after his sudden abandonment of politics nounces his intention to recover his seat • Croatia cratof Ghanaian descent. goes to Peter Bossman, a Social Demo- • Montenegro partywith the most votes the is the HDZ. cantons Croatian the In prevails. themultiethnic Social Democratic Party Federation,CroatianMuslimthe In ner. Republika Srpska, the SNSD is the win- Komsic, are elected to new terms. In the Zeljko Democrat Social co-President, Croatian the and (SNSD), Social Democrats Independent the of Party the of Radmanovic, Nebojsa co-President Serb Bosnian The Silajdzic.Haris alist current co-President, the Muslim nation- PresidentialCollege, prevailing over the Bosnians,iselected tothethree –party for (SDA) ActionDemocratic for Party the from Izetbegovic, Bakir elections. • Bosniaand Herzegovina infavour and 62 against. unemployment. The outcome is 79 votes loss of purchasing power and the rise in the for government the blamed which (SDP), Party Democratic Social the by brought no-confidence vote a vives

On On On On On 15 October the former Minister of 27 October Deputy Prime Minis- 28 October28 Jadranka Kosor sur- 3 October3Bosnia holdsgeneral 4 coe Io aae an- Sanader Ivo October 14 • ing the gay pride march held in Belgrade. the police and homophobic groups dur- were wounded in confrontation between • Serbia • abonas head of EULEX. hacofFrance succeeds Yves deKerm- • Albania securitypolicies. against the government’s economic and organises a mass demonstration in Prilep • Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia FatmirSejdiu. of resignation the following 13, ruary ident, announced early elections on Feb- day after , the acting Pres- nounces it will leave the government an- one coalition, governing the in partner • 1244 Resolution Council Security Nations United under Kosovo tusof Kosovo. gotiations to establish the definitive sta- erating with the ICTY and to accept ne- Belgrade agrees to continue fully coop- once Serbia with accession on tions startingconversa-on veto its lifts ment the European Council, the Dutch govern- • Belgradecourt in 2009. a by down handed prison in years 12 of sentencethe appeals team defence his after trial new a ordering criminal, war Bosnian the Jurisic, Ilija releases • Greece tionresults. tion to a recount of the June 2009 elec- immunity in cases of corruption, in addi- parliamentary of end the militants, ist tion of the recent of two social- clarifica-Pyramid,theHoxha Enver the condition of their return the demolition of abandons Parliament demanding as the is Grigoropoulos during a December December a during Grigoropoulos is police officer who killed the young Alex- Justice hands down a life sentence to the

On On On On On On On On 11 October the opposition SDSM 15 October Xavier Bout de Marn- 25 October during the meeting of 10 October at least 122 peopleOctoberleast12210at 11 October the Anfisa Court of Court Anfisa theOctober 11 16 October the LDK, a minority a LDK, theOctober 16 28 October the SP once again once SP the October 28 11 October the Appeals Court Appeals the October 11

343 Med.2011 Appendices 344 Med.2011 Appendices by theformerby Lebanese HeadSecu-of of the assassination of Rafiq Hariri given accusation of false testimony in the case citizens of other nationalities following an of arrest against Lebanese nationals and • Syria ofthe island comes into service. Pyrgos border crossing in the northeast • restitution. its for Nations United the to Varosha of district occupied Cypriot Greek the returns TRNC the if EU the with merce opening of the Famagusta port for com- announces that Cyprus would allow the • Turkishthe with army. joint manoeuvre it carries out each year the with same the do TRNC the that vres, planned for October and requests will suspend its annual military manoeu- Cyprus talks, reunification the of vance ad- the to contribute to and running year third the for that announces fence • Cyprus Edirne. and Sirnak, Van Mardin, Hakkari, of inces tain 81 irregular immigrants in the prov- • during the 1974 occupation of the island.Cyprus in violatedwere rghtsproperty whosegroup a to eurosmillion 15 pay Turkeytosentences Rights Human for • supportto Al Qaeda. accused of giving financial and technical Van, and Istanbul Smyrna, in detained • Turkey EUthus far this year. the intoentries illegal total the of 90% to Greece through Turkey, amounting to alarming increase in irregular immigrants the of face the in aid for askedAthens trols from the European FRONTEX, after have a special deployment of border pa- Cecilia Malmstrom, announces Affairs, that Greece will Home for missioner • forweeks. ing a wave of riots that paralysed Greece 2008 demonstration in Athens, unleash-

On On On On October 31 On On On On 22 and 27 October 17 people are 4 October Syria issues 33 orders 11 October Demetris Christofias 24 October24 theEuropean Com- 26 October26 theEuropean Court Otbr h Mnse o De- of Minister the October 9 4 coe te e Limnitis- new the October 14 security forces de- forces security • ofsaid testimonies. oned in Lebanon for four years as a result rity, former General Jamil Sayyed, impris- ge t eiiae ares o h free the to barriers eliminate to agree • Tunisia tober2011 presidential elections. bethe candidate ofhis party inthe Oc- will Mubarak Hosni that confirms Hillal, Din El Ali Party, Democratic National • religiousand scientific ideas.” company Al-Bahrain, for “spreading Saudi the false to belonging channels sion closingthefourSalafi of satellite televi- • Egypt Kingdom. nership and relations with the Hashemite provesthe advanced status ofthe part- EU-JordantheAssociation Council ap- • Jordan Iran of attempting to destabilise Lebanon. day, the US accuses Hezbollah, Syria and boycotttribunal.thetonesesame That the head of Hezbollah calls on the Leba- MembersHezbollah.of October28On judge also will court the that learning after Hariri Rafiq of assassination the the work of the UN tribunal investigating willnottolerate anyattempt discreditto US the thatHariri MinisterSaad Prime • Hassan Nasrallah, head of Hezbollah. During the visit, Ahmadinejad Beirut. meets with and Teheran between relation good the reaffirms which but ocation” official visit that Israel considers a “prov- an during citizens Lebanese of sands Ahmadinejad of Iran is acclaimed by thou- • Lebanon theirborder. through terrorists of entry the venting ing which Iraq accused Syria of not pre- 2009 terrorist attacks in Baghdad follow- countries, the since cooled haverelations whose two the of reconciliation cus in the course of which they seal the Syria and Iraq hold a meeting in Damas-

On On On On On On On On 20 October Hillary Clinton informs 21 October the press chief of the 13October the authorities order 13 October13 President Mahmoud 26 October the 9th Meeting of Meeting 9th the October 26 30 October Tunisia and Libya Libya and Tunisia October 30 13 October the Presidents of of Presidents the October 13 • EuropeanUnion tackon the police carried out in 2008. ofFrencha family inAleg and for anat- sentenced to death for the 2007 murder • Mauritania journalism.” “failure to follow the rules of responsible Al-Jazeeraof operations Moroccoin for municationsannounces thesuspension • to10 years in prison. cellofAbdelkader Belliraj, issentenced an Algerian terrorist with ties to the AQIM receive European Council support for for support Council European receive • peanVAT. of these proposals is to creative a Euro- and reducing national contributions. One budget EU reinforcingthe at aimed es series of options to create new resourc- • Morocco istattack planned for November 1. arrest four in Seraidi frustrating a terror- merdes.On 20 October security forces provinceexplodesBou-bombtheofin AQIM an when diessoldier a October 25 On civilians. five killing Tebessa in Tizi- Ouzou. On 12 in October a Zekri, bomb goes off near victims 15 claims terrorists AQIM and army the tween • Algeria thetwo countries. movement of goods and people between • 15soldiers died. whichLemgheityin attackin 2005 a in wanted in Mauritania for his involvement accomplice AQIM an Boumama, Ould SandaauthoritiesarrestMalian border, • eralof the EEAS. gen- Secretary Executive appointed is rent French ambassador in Washington, begin functioning. Pierre Vimont, the cur- to readydiplomacy, Europeanis of ing new organisation, responsible coordinat- ing for the EEAS as a result of which the a broad majority the staffing and financ-

On On On On On On On On 29 October France and Germany 29 October the Ministry of Com- 22October Benrabeh Benattou, 20 Octoberapproves20EPthe by 19 October the EC proposes a proposesEC theOctober 19 17 October on the Mauritanian the on October 17 0 coe tre errss are terrorists three October 20 Otbr cnrnain be- confrontation a October 4 paralysespublic services. governmentagainstausteritymeasures • Portugal plan. out bail- Ireland the of activation the firms con- EU The Front. Polisario the and Morocco between increases also sion Ten- increases. Christians Coptic and Muslims between hostility the Egypt, In violence. of outbreaks several and abstention high boycotts, by marked elections parliamentary in win dates candi- the monarchic In Jordan, Hariri. Rafiq of assassination the into bunal Tri- International the of investigations coalition government Lebanese with regard to the the in partners the be- tween rises also Tension delegations. diplomatic several in bombs letter of persistence of social unrest and the a wave with contrasts elections regional and municipal the in PASOK erning gov- the of victory the Greece, In ber. to call for early elections on 12 Decem- him forces Kosovo in government ci’s Tha- Hashim against vote confidence bania. In contrast, the passage of a no- Al- and Bosnia EU for the by lifted are restrictions Visa effect. into goes enia with Slov- its month agreement border same the in negotiations accession its in chapters new three closes Croatia spot. the on government Berlusconi the puts FLI the and LDP the between tension increasing the Italy, In reform. pension of approval the and changes cabinet brings November France, In mentary approval of the 2011 budgets. Parlia- gets government the Spain, In N tiations. West Bank and thus renew direct nego- the in settlements the freeze to month one Israel gives meeting The meets. Committee Follow-Up Initiative Peace • ArabLeague lowerit upon receiving a warning. above3% that do not take deficit measures to a with countries on sanctions ty,including the possibility of preventive their proposal to revise the Lisbon Trea-

ove On On On mber2010 24 November a general strike strike general a November 24 8 October the Arab League League Arab the October 8 • ple have been arrested on such charges. sincethe beginning of the year 86 peo- the Minister of the Interior, confirms that Hortefeux,Brice groups. terrorist lamic Is- to tied being of suspected people • France to62 of the 135 seats. Unió (CiU, nationalists) who go from 48 Convergènciavictorytoi thegive lonia • ploymentpolicies in exchange. em- active of transfer the receive who Basque and Canary Islands nationalists, of support the to thanks period, cratic demo- Spanish the in ever restrictive able to pass the 2011 budgets, the most • cortedto the port of Almeria. es- and intercepted is sub-Saharans 38 with raft a November13 Tarifa.On migrants are intercepted off the coast of • Spain Bari Province, are arrested. On 17 No- 17 On arrested. are Province, Bari the in traffic drug of control over flict clans of the Sacra Corona Unita, two in to con- linked people 92 November 5 On officers. police local four including arrested, are Camorra the to ties with 50 and Catania in clans Mafia three to • Italy eignAffairs. For-Socialistsinthe Kouchner nardof MichèleAlliot-MariereplacesBer-who mentMinisteras Defenceof placein of govern- the to returnsJuppé Alain ing. attemptanraisein topopularityhis rat- right,”the to“shift clear a Socialistsas opposition the by criticised reshuffle, Prime Minister, in the context of a cabinet renews François Fillon’s appointment as • allover France. demonstrators 23,000 together unions brings by called strike daylong new a November 23 promulgated.On nally fi- is law reformpension the 9 vember No- On reform. pension with continue to decision Sarkozy’s Nicolas against Paris in place takes 140,000 of tion and last until the 6th, when a demonstra- transport public affect will that begins

On 3 November On On On On On On 4 November the police arrest two 7 November 40 sub-Saharan im- 2 November a new general strike 20 November20 governmentthe is 28 November28elections Cata-in 15 November Sarkozy Nicolas November 15 47 people with ties • Slovenia singlemarket legislation. the grounds that Malta could be violating Delimarastationonpower the to Malta investigation into state aid conceded by an of opening the announces mission • returned. are via citizens before the collapse of Yugosla- Croatian by it in deposited euros lion the bankruptcy of LB, until the 172 mil- from emerged which largest bank, the Slovenian to market its open to es refus- Zagreb when EU, the to cession ac- Croatian to obstacle only the tutes consti- dispute This citizens. Croatian to (LB) Banka Ljubljanska failed the by non-payments over dispute the in trate petition of Slovenia and Croatia to arbi- the rejects (BIS) Settlements national • Malta ofParliament. reform. In Rome riots take place outside university on bill the of parliament the demonstrateapprovalbydentsagainst • ernment. friendship treaty supported Italy-Libya by the Berlusconi gov- the to amend- ments three on vote to opposition the join MPs FLI the 9 November On new party, which split off from the LDP. his FLI, the to belong who State of ies Secretar- and the Under Ministers four the government the from withdrawing of threat under Minister Prime as coni Berlus- of Silvio the resignation mands • Vitale. Giovanni including Nostra, Cosa the police arrest 23 presumed members of the November 30 On large. at years Camorra, is arrested after spending 15 the of head the Iovine, Antonio vember tion treaty between Slovenia and and Slovenia effect. into goes Croatia between treaty tion • Yugoslavia. op- and posed to Slovenian independence from communist active having an of been sectors certain by cused ac- is Maslesa as appointment lemical a po- Court, Constitutional the of dent presi- new the Maslesa Branko names

On On On 29 November On On 15 November On 17 November the European Com- 7 7 November Gianfranco Fini de- 30 Novemberstu-thousands30of 23 November the Parliament Parliament the November 23 the Bank for Inter- the border media-

345 Med.2011 Appendices 346 Med.2011 Appendices were executed there by who the citizens Serbian Croatian 200 army. the to age Croatianthe locality Vukovarof hom-in bianPresident, makesofficialan visit to sur • Serbia of him abusesof power. accuse which unionist), tive, conserva-(NOVA,DemocracySerbian for Change (PzP, conservative) and New fidence vote presented by the Movement President of the Parliament, wins a con- • nisationwith EU policy. the country, owing to the lack of harmo- who invests more than 500,000 euros in investorMontenegrinany citizenship to offers which citizenship,” “economic of programme controversial its pends • Montenegro SerbParliament. Milorad Dodik, the new President of following the Bosnian Srpska Republika the of Minister Prime appointed is bic • theDayton Agreements. for ensuring continuing compliance with Bosnian authorities that it is responsible the reminds and mandate EUFOR the extensionof year’s aapproves Council • Bosniaand Herzegovina a new step in the reconciliation process. peared in the 1991-1995 conflict,disap- takingthe of issue the resolve to take Presidents of Croatia and Serbia under- • ple, transportation and institutional policy. having to do with free circulation of peo- negotiationsaccessionthe in chapters • mafias. Balkan between ties investigating was he whenPukanic, Ivoeditor ofsination 150 years in prison for the 2008 assas- tenced by a Zagreb tribunal to a total of • Croatia • twopeople and wounding fifty more. thecity of Kraljevo causing the death of

ing 5.4 on the Richter scale shakesscaleRichter the on 5.4 ing On On On On On On On On On 7 November the government sus- 4 November Boris Tadic, the Ser- 2 November an earthquake mea 23 November Aleksandar Dzom- 30 November30 RankoKrivokepic, 3 Novembersen-peoplearesix3 5 November Croatia closes the closesCroatia November 5 18 November the UN Security Security UN the November 18 24 November in Zagreb, the the Zagreb, in November 24 ­ • Greece ademonstration in Elbasan. protestswithoppositionits renewsthe resultsofJune 2009. OnNovember 26 electoral“limited”the investigation a of oppositionjectsan petition carryoutto • Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia citizensin situations of extreme poverty. of organs the in trafficking of network internationalan belongingto of pected sus- Ministry, Health the from official sevenindividuals, senioramongathem against accusation formal a presents • cember12. Krasniqi to call for early elections on De- Jakup Presidentforcing Thaci, Hashim voteagainst theminority government of ment votes in favour of the no-confidence • queststhe help of Interpol to find them. re- Serbia November 17 On Hadzic. Goran and Mladic Ratko fugitives the not being helpful to the court in capturingis Serbia thatdeclares ICTY the of tor • embassy exploded in an Athenian postAthenian an inexplodedembassy Mexican the to addressed package a BelgiumNetherlands,theand afterand of embassies the to addressed others las Sarkozy, hours after intercepting two the French embassy addressed to Nico- the interception of a letter bomb sent to • Albania Court. Supremeappealbeforethewill he that announces and accusation the denies services of Socialist Yugoslavia. Ivanovski of having spied for the UDBA, the secret justice of the Constitutional Court, guilty Trendafil current andpresidentIvanovski, former finds Court Administrative the 2008, in approvedLaw, Lustration • 1244 Resolution Council Security Nations United under Kosovo inBelgrade. representationWesternthefor Balkans of office new its opens Bankvestment

On On On On On On On 12 November in application of the 1 November the police announce 15 November the chief prosecu- 1 Novembergovernmentthe1 re- 2 November the Kosovo Parlia-Kosovothe November 2 29 November the European In- European the November 29 12 November the EULEX EULEX the November 12 • Turkey tation. depend exclusively on maritime that transpor- islands those to services minimal emergency order to an oblige ferries issues to offer government the November 29 On agreement. bargaining lective 23 November unless they get a new col- cide to prolong the strike they began on • withthe police. confrontationa in endeconomy, which Greek the for planbailout IMF and EU the Thessalonikiagainstand Athens in • ofthe thirteen regions. of Athens and Thessaloniki, and in eight is victorious, winning in the municipalities elections in which the governing PASOK secondround of municipal and regional • theend of the 2011 elections. announcedextensionan thetruceoftill deniedimplicationanycrimeandthe in which PKK, the by declared ceasefire with the end of the unilateral two-month PKK. The attack was planned to coincide Freedom Falcons, a splinter Kurdistan group of the the to belonged were wounded, people 32 which in Istanbul in thorOctoberanof suicide31 bombing tanbul declares that Vedat Acar, the au- • creditfor all these acts. bassy. The Conspiracy em- French Cells the of and Fire takes Justice, of Court packages sent to , the European policeinterceptMerkel.Thesuspicious sentfromGreeceaddressed Angela to the German police deactivate an artefact service abroad for 48 hours, shortly after postal all suspendsGreece November intercepted in the Bologna airport. On 3 is Berlusconi Silvio to addressed and another letter bomb originating day same in The Greece detonated. and cepted inter- are packages suspicious Other off in the Swiss and Russian embassies. office. NovemberOn 2 letter bombs go reasonsof security”. ordering the placing of the landmines “for leaked in which Es confesses his part in is KayaGurbuz General and Es tween cording of a telephone conversation be- initiallyattributed thePKK,toafterre- a 2009, May in Hakkari in soldierssix of arrested for the attack that took the lives

On On On On On 15 November protests take place 14 November Greece holds theNovemberholdsGreece 14 27 November Greek sailors de-sailorsNovemberGreek 27 2 November the governor of Is- ofgovernor theNovember 2 7 November General Zek Es is Es Zek GeneralNovember 7 tween Hezbollah and the assassinationtheHezbollah tweenand be- ties of proof offeringinvestigation, UN a by outcarriedreport a fromdata reveals CBC, Company,Broadcasting • cellentrelations with Syria. to muddle Lebanon’s stability nor its ex- that he will not allow Hezbollah’s threats affirms Hariri Saad Minister Prime day arrest members of his party. On the same rallah, threatens anyone who attempts to ber the head of Hezbollah, Hassan Nas- Lebanese Prime Minister. On 11 Novem- responsibleassassinationthefor the of being of 2008, in Damascus in attack bomb a in killedHezbollah of member Hariri accuses Imad Mugniyah, a leading Rafiq of assassination the vestigating • forcollaborating with Israel. country, the fled had whom of two ple, down by handed a Lebanese court to sentences three peo- death on reports • Lebanon à-visthe previous plan. pro- grammes,doublingandinvestment social vis- and development tional educa- of policies increasing growth, economicmodel,slowingdemographic a transition toward a market-based social eleventh five-year plan, aimed at fostering • Syria communal federation on an equal basis. bi- a of formula the reunification under they agree to intensify General; their Secretary efforts UN toward the with meet Greekand Turkish Cypriot communities • thetwo communities. opening more border crossings between joint committee to study the possibility of ish Cypriot leaders decide to establish a • Cyprus commanders. Turkey a civil authority suspendsmodern of the in time first the For coups. ofplanning the ticipationin par- alleged their to due officers army high-rankingthree of duties ofpension Mi •

nister of Defence, announces the sus- On On On On On On On the Gonul,Vecdi November 24 On 1 November the Greek and Turk- 2 November the Lebanese press 18 November the leaders of the Novemberleadersofthe18 7 November the UN tribunal in-tribunalUN theNovember 7 19 November Syria adopts its its adopts Syria November 19 21 November the Canadian Canadian the November 21 • Jordan entterrorism charges. together with 53 other people on differ- before to life in prison by a military court • arrestedduring the disturbances. ventive prison sentences for 156 people pre- for asksGeneral Attorney the ber construction on a church. On 25 Novem- who were protesting over the freezing of tweenpolicetheCopticand Christians be- Cairo, Giza, in altercations during • President,”is released. Egyptian the insulting and sedition ing February 2007 for “insulting Islam, incit- since prison in Suleiman, Nabeel eem • citizens. denotes a growing discontent among the royal family, though of the highthe to abstentiontiedclosely tribes to or king the to closecandidates to victory the give occur, causing one death. The elections broad police detail outbreaks of violence ed by the Islamist opposition. Despite the parliamentary elections that are boycott- Theresults bring forth opposition accu- seats.221obtainstheNDPingof 209 (Parliament) are distributed; the govern- 95%theofseats theonShura Council round of parliamentary elections in which • vembernew confrontations take place. MuslimtheBrotherhood.of No- 13 On candidatetheAttiya, Mahmoud of vour policeopen fire on demonstrators in fa- • Egypt check. fusedto identify themselves in aroutine re- they after Israel in embassydanian day before on two employees of the Jor- the police the of the condemn and explanations demand to bassador ter, Nasser Judeh, calls in the Israeli am- cleric, sentencedcleric, Muslim Syrian-Lebanese the hammad, • days, and fifteen a return for meet to violence to able in Lebanon. been not has thecoalitionof executive branch, which in Beirut there is fear of a definitive crisis ognises the existence of the report, while Rafiq Hariri.United ofNationsThe rec-

On On On On On November 9 On On 24 November a demonstrator dies 28 November Egypt holds the first 17 November blogger Abdul Kar- 24November the Foreign Minis- 4 oebr mr ar Mu- Bakri Omar November 14 9 November in Alexandria, the the Alexandria, in November 9 in absentia in odn celebrates Jordan two days two • servativeand reformist sectors. con- the betweenstruggle power a of ternationalanalysts, arreststhe partare Gaddafi’s son. In the eyes of several in- agency Libya Press, also the property of three days in jail. They all worked for the foreignjournalists20 leaseof following re- the announces Libya November 8 Gaddafi, son of the Libyan President. On paper shut down the print edition of the news- • Morocco paymentof a ransom. without freed ultimately is He Aghribs. in November 15 on kidnapped citizen mandthe liberation of Oman Slimane, a de- and Tizi-Ouzou of province the in protest to terroristactionsincreasein theagainst Freha in strike general a ous wounded. On 20 November there is more than 15 mortal victims and numer- rity forces and the army take place, with frontations between terrorists and secu- Djelfa. and Throughout the month attacks and con- M’Sila between troops AQIM die in an altercation with Algerian • Algeria manrights. governancehu-goodquestionsandof ing its aid to the fulfilling of objectives in come black,” and criticises be- the UN’s to link- want doesn’t “white, Europe Christian if immigration struggle illegal to against Libya to devoted funds renews his call to Europe to increase the commerce as the central topics. Gaddafi the EU-Africa summit, with migration and • Libya hundredwounded. one and dead 16leaving citiesseveral in riots and fraud electoral of sations camp situated protest 15 kilometres the from El Ay- visit to Morocco to gone retains three Spanish deputies who had til December. On 6 November Morocco oblige the court to postpone the trial un- altercations resulting The territory. can sion by supporters of Sahara as Moroc- aggres- ofvictims activists,areSahara ists who were covering a trial of Western

On On On On 7 November three members of the 29 and 30 November Tripoli hosts 5 November two Spanish journal- Oea, Oea, 4 November Libyan authorities authorities Libyan November 4 property of Saif Al-Islam Al-Islam Saif of property

347 Med.2011 Appendices 348 Med.2011 Appendices sent to intensifytosentpreparations the an for is BankCentralEuropean the and IMF the from missiontechnical joint a less, gated to raise corporate obli- taxes. being Neverthe- of or sovereignty of loss a which Ireland wishes to avoid for fear of does not require Dublin to accept the aid, spitethese fears, the European Council De- Kingdom.United the even and aly thatcould spread toPortugal, Spain, It- bankruptcya ofeconomy,verge the on Irish the for bailout possible a debate to Brussels in meet Economy of isters • commitments. readmission its of insufficiency the to doesnottake place withKosovo owing liberalisationNetherlands.This the and bania despite the reservations of France requirementsvisaofAl- Bosnia andfor Interiortheapprovesistersoflifting the • EuropeanUnion lierin November. sixmembers whohadsurrendered ear- joining camps, training AQIM from fled authorities of 28 young recruits who had ports on the surrender to the Mauritanian • countries. of AQIM on the border between the two monitoractivitytheorderto inMali and the first joint patrols between Mauritania News Agency reports on the initiation of • Mauritania crisis. the combat to plan the of part as jobs of a cutback in some 6,000 public sector announcementin the month of October the to reaction a be toParliament fore youngthepeople’s demonstrations be- • PolisarioFront. wall, an area with military presence militaryof the of kilometres 2,700 than more region which is located to the east of the Sahara Western the of Moroccanness will not allow any violation or doubt of the Green the March in which of he assures that Morocco anniversary thirty-fifth the toregard withnationthe tospeaks • anda French MP, respectively. MP Spanishanother with occurs ation 8ththesameoun.the7thandsitu-On

On On On On On On 16 November the European Min- 9 November the press considers 8 November8 theCouncil Min-of 21 November France-Press re- France-PressNovember 21 6 November the Mauritanian Mauritanian the November 6 7 November Mohammed VI VI Mohammed November 7 river’swaters is not reached. the of use the onagreement equitable more a if Egyptrelationswith off break threatensto whoZenawi, Melesmiere, Pre- Ethiopian the of declarations the NileBasin andstates itsconcern about among the countries mediating on of the shores intention of the its announces • majorityof two thirds. popularreferendumparliamentary byor a Territoriesapprovalcupiedin prior to conditioning the law withdrawal a of from Parliament the Oc- Israeli the by tion Bank and East Jerusalem and the adop- tinuationthesettlementsof theWestin Security Council in protest over the con- UN theIsraelisbeforePalestinians and negotiationstakebetweenthreatens to Moussa, Amr League, Arab the of eral • ArabLeague eigndebt. its financial system and pay down its for- restructureto IMFthe and EU thefrom euros billion 85 of credit of line a tain Council European accepts Ireland’s the petition to ob- November 21 On tor. eventual bailout of the Irish banking sec- social tension increases with numerous results of the 2009 elections. the In on Greece, agreement an reached having and the opposition end the year without government the while years, hundred ons. Albania suffers its worst floods in a weap- and narcotics organs, in traffics cusedof being involved in network that ac- is Thaci, Hashim Minister, the Prime which in Europe of Council the by report a publicationof the with and irregular, be to seen electionsholding problematichavingaKosovo ismonth, accession. EU candidate for official an in the same month the country becomes MiloDjukanovic afterlatterthe resigns; succeeds Luksic Igor Montenegro, In negotiations.accession its in chapters morethree closesCroatiacities.major confidence vote as riots take place in the Italy,governmentno-theabarely wins In democracy. Spanish under first the emergency,of state a of declares and lers that paralyses the country’s airports, Spain faces a strike by air traffic control- D

ece On On mber2010 24 November the Secretary Gen- 28 November the Arab League Arab the November 28 • controllers. traffic air the against charges sedition Madrid public prosecutor’s office brings for 15 more days. On December 29 the emergency of state the prolongs ment govern-theDecembersedition. 14On for sentences prison requesting of ity 442 disciplinary cases and the possibil- of opening theannouncesgovernment Decemberthe 5 Europe.acrossOn all lations in Spain and close to four million leaves600,000 affected bythe cancel- crisis The space. air the of reopening lers return to their posts allowing for the mocracy. Gradually the air traffic de- control- Spanish of history the in time first emergencythe forofstate decreeing a by respondsgovernment,which the to Islands,controllersthe refusesubmitto Balearic the and Madrid In posts.their reiterates its call for workers to return to USCA, union, controllers’ the parallel, In militarised. is control traffic air and istransferred to the Ministry of Defence royal decree a whereby signs control government of air the space the of President chaos, sudden with Faced lers. control-traffic air ofwalkout massive a the close of Spanish air space following agesairports andair space, announces organisationthelater,AENA, man-that personalHoursdays.and days sick up controllers, which obliges them to make traffic air ofworkdays the regulationof the including model, airport new the isters approves a new decree regulating • 45billion to 31 billion euros. from 2011 in deficit public the reduce nounces a new package of measures to • Spain theBen Ali regime. beginnings of a wave of the protests with against year the out finishes Tunisia Muslim Brotherhood the and considered by fraudulent. boycotted are which Egyptianthein parliamentary elections, winsNationalDemocratic(PND) Party trial to date of members of biggest the army. the The to rise gives case Balyoz more from the bailout plan. In Turkey, the approves the release of 2.5 billion euros the year, in the same month that the IMF of strikegeneral eighth the and backs cut- economic againstdemonstrations absolves Arnaldo Otegi, the former former the Otegi, Arnaldo absolves

On On On 1 December the government an- 3 December3 theCouncil ofMin- 9 December the National CourtNational theDecember 9 • Italy pressivein recent decades. re- most the of one itconsiders which evictions. The law is criticised by the left, crime, police files, video surveillance and areas as diverse and polemical as cyber- affecting Loppsi-2, as known security, internalon law new theadopts sembly • damage. significant causing December 29 and 22 on CorsicaUpper in explodevices Ghisonaccia,Upper Corsica. Other de- unattributedinattack anbomb in aged dam- is companyFrance Électricité de • endof 2013. the by 3% to and 2011 of end the by deficitlic GDPthe of from 6% 7.7% to nance bill that seeks to reduce the pub- fi- 2011 the definitively adopts sembly • France Murcia. and Almeria Alboran, of coasts the off and Algerian immigrants are intercepted sub-Saharan97 oftotal bearingraftsa • tiano,Álava. Legu- in barracksCivil Guardia the on yearsprisonin fortheMay 2008 attack 515 to ETA, of members Goikoetxea, Arkaitz and Cotano Aitor sentences • purchases. home for deductions tax of elimination the and incomes highest the on taxes in increase an salaries, and pensions freezecivilservantregard2010,inato with spending public in 7.9% of tion few decades in Spain, providing past a thereduc- of austere most the budgets, Deputies definitively approves the 2011 • calrally. in favour of ETA in the course of a politi- of images and distribution of propaganda displaythe responsible forwere cused therewasinsufficient proof that the ac- that considering terrorism glorifying of ers of the illegal organisation of the crime spokesman of Batasuna, and other lead- agrees to suspend activity until the no-suspendactivitytheuntiltoagrees Parliament conservatives), nationalism, NortherntheandLDP League(Padano

On On On On 30 29, On On On 1 December with the votes of the 28 December the National Court 21 December21vehicle a fromthe 1 eebr h Cnrs of Congress the December 21 1 eebr h Ntoa As- National the December 21 As- National the December 16 n 3 Dcme four December 31 and • regionaland municipal elections. March the ‘Ndranghetain the with tion associa-electoralcorruptioninalleged for Calabria Reggio of province the in • asan alternative to the PdL. Nation,the Poleofcoalition, thenew a li(Democratic Party, agree DP), toform the Centre, UDC) and Francesco Rutel- of Union and International Democratic (ChristianCasini Pier (FLI), Fini franco Gian- parties, centre-right main three stripped of immunity by Parliamentandimmunityby strippedof be he that requests Prosecution the a day after he flees Croatia, shortly after ister Ivo Sanader is detained in Salzburg • Croatia workers. company two wounding office, Transport Malta a outside Pietà, in plodes • Malta largestgarbage dump in Europe there. the reopen to attempt the overprotest September to allow in it to be picked refused, up in first residents since lated materialaccumu-the of halfNaples, of streetsgarbagethefromof1,200tons • activatedin the Greek embassy. December 27 another letter bomb is de- On woundingtwo.Romeembassies in ChileanSwissandthe in off erationgo InformalAnarchistgroupFed-the from • definitively approves the reforms. Senate the December 23 On search. re- for funding in cuts and education presencetheprivateof sectorhigher in greater a majors, in reduction the ties, formsentail thefusion ofsmall universi- re-Italiancities.mainThethe reformin onstrations take place against university • 100wounded in Rome. over and arrests 41 in resulting cities, into skirmishes with the police in several the FLI, while in the street protests turns votes, thanksto the support of the 311 deputies of to 314 by session tense a in vote no-confidence the survives place. On 14 December the government has brought against opposition the government the can take vote confidence

On December 2 On On On On On On 21 December the police arrest 12 22 December mass student dem- 10December former Prime Min- 26 December26 armytheremoves 15 Decemberleadersthe15the of 23 December two letter bombsletter twoDecember 23 lte bm ex- bomb letter a • Securityand Defence Policy. andSecurity; Environment; and Foreign tions, corresponding to Justice, Freedom threechapters in its accession negotia- • victims. the of effects personal thousand one nearly of destruction the permitted ing the chief prosecutor of the ICTY, for hav- claim against willfile a Carla del Ponte, they that announceSrebrenica at tims 4,000 signatures, the families of the vic- • Montenegro Bosnianwar. nearBanja Luka atthebeginning ofthe ravine a into threw they whom Croats, and Bosnians150 than more of death tween22 and 27 years in prison for the be- to sentenced are policemen Serb • Bosniaand Herzegovina talks. facethe final stage in the EU accession to order in Environment, and Culture, MinistriesDefence,thefectFinance,of nounces changes in the cabinet that af- • theBosnian war. duringMostSanskiBosniancivilians in 11 assassinationof the inparticipated having of accused arrested, are ovic, Agency, Nedjo Trifkovic and Mitar Milink- Protection and Investigation State the • ruption. arrested by the police on charges of cor- in the assassination of 44 Kosovo Alba- tary group, accused of having taken part a former member of a Serbian paramili- Nikolic, Milojko arrest police the quest, • GordanaDjurovic. of hands the in now both Integration, European of Ministry the with Ministry Foreign the of merging the is changes biggest the of One Luksic. by sented pre- cabinet new the approves ment Parlia- the December 29 On minister. prime new the be to elected is (DPS) nationforpersonal reasons. IgorLuksic the Prime Minister, announces his resig- • candidatefor accession. Council grants Montenegro the status of

On On On On On On On On On On 21 December four former Bosnian 28 December Jadranka Kosor an- 5 eebr w mmes of members two December 15 1 eebr io Djukanovic, Milo December 21 12 December having gathered gathered having December 12 8 eebr t ebas re- Serbia’s at December 28 22 December Croatia closes closes Croatia December 22 17 December the European European the December 17

349 Med.2011 Appendices 350 Med.2011 Appendices action against Marty for “defamation.” On legaltake will announcesheThaci that deny the accusations. On December 20, Kosovoconflict; Tiranathe Pristina and humanorgans Easternin Europe during and drugs, arms, trafficking in for sible Thaci of having Hashim led Minister a mafia Prime group respon- accuses who deputy,Swiss aMarty, Dick by sented pre- report the adoptsunanimously cil • palitieson 9 January 2011. munici- five in vote therepeat to cides de- Commission Electoral Central the ber before the evidence of irregularities, picions of electoral fraud. On 16 Decem- elections are held in the shadow of sus- The vote. the of 12% with place third endosje! manages to enter Parliament in 23.6%. The separatist movement, Vetev- with LDK, the partner, coalition former its by trailed vote, the of 33.5% with prevails(DPK) Kosovo of Partyocratic ly elections in which the governing Dem- • in of loyalty toward the Kosovar institutions. assassinated Leposavic. Salkovic is was a firm defender Commission, Electoral Central the and party Vakat the of member a and Kosovonorthern politicalBosniantheheadof minority in • 1244 Resolution Council Security Nations United under Kosovo fromthe opposition to Milosevic. of the 1999 assassination of four figures a half for having abetted the perpetrators gradecourtaddsanotheryearand a of Bel- the sentence this To Yugoslavia. illegalfinancing the Socialistof Party of in public funds for private purposes and er and of 60 million euros eight months of prison for and abuse years of pow- six to sentenced is losevic, Agencyand right hand of Slobodan Mi- Customs Yugoslav the of chief former • torymilitary service. votes in favour of the abolition of obliga- • citizensbecomes official. Albanian for requirements visa abolish • Serbia conflict. ovo Kos- the during Cuska in civilians nian

On On On On On On 16 December the European Coun- 1 December Serbia’s decision to 12 December Kosovo holds ear- 8 December8 SefkoSalkovic, the 15 December the Parliament Parliament the December 15 27 December Mihalj Kertes, Kertes, Mihalj December 27 • tionalsector. educa- the of reform the against ens students during a demonstration in Ath- placebetween the police and university • Albania withAustria. operation joint a in heroin in trafficking internationalan totieswithple network Interior announces the arrest of 98 peo- • SocialDemocrats and the Liberals. the by brought censure of motion the vote with 64 against and 29 in favour of no-confidence a survives government • Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia UNMIK between 2004 and 2006. Jessen-Petersen,Sorenthe by of chief into the possible suppression of evidence malises a petition to begin an investigationCooperationICTY,ofisterthefor- with 26 December Rasim Ljajic, Serbian Min- cut expenses in public enterprises, in- enterprises,public in expenses cut istersapproves seriesameasures of to • austeritymeasures. government’s the condemns also tion violenceinthecountry. Thedemonstra- of wave a unleashed which fire, police under man young a of death 2008 the during a demonstration commemorating rested in Athens following riots produced • Greece be held “with or without the opposition.” that the May 8th municipal elections will warns Berisha Sali block, political the sionof2010. Before the persistence of final sultsparliamentaryduringthe ses- re- election2009 June the on mission the SP to establish an investigation com- majority of the PDS rejects a proposal of • floods of the past century in the Balkans. flowing Scutarithe of worst the Lake in ated in northern Albania due to the over- December 6, 13,000 people are evacu- On experiencing. is country the floods grave the against fight to NATO from • andto call for early elections. strate in Skopje against the government

On On On On On On On On 4 December Albania requests aid 9 December9 theCouncil ofMin- 23December theMinistry ofthe 2 December2confrontations take 5 Decemberthousandsdemon-5 December 27 the parliamentarythe 27 December 6 December 44 people are ar- are people 44 December 6 14 December the Macedonian Macedonian the December 14 • nationalhuman trafficking ring. under suspicion of belonging to an inter- Twoof the vehicles’ drivers are arrested vehiclesas they wait to take off for Italy. of convoy a in immigrantshiddenlegal nouncethedetention Patrasinil-75 of • 2011budgets. protestto theapproval theofrestrictive demonstrationParliamentbeforea and for a three-hour work stoppage in Athens • inMardin province. anti-terroristancoursethe of operation 29 December three PKK militants die in elections.On 2011 June the until PKK the by declared truce unilateral the of ince.Theincident occursthecontext in frontation with the police in Batman prov- PKK terrorist organisation dies in a con- • Turkey inAthens. fromthecourts foradministrative affairs parkingFire,acrosstakesalotplace in attributed to the Conspiracy of Nuclei of • toreduce the public deficit. billiongenerateeurosintended7some to privatisationplan aannounces ment govern-Decemberthe 18 OnGreece. for plan aid the within more euros lion approvesthe release ofanother 2.5 bil- IMF the December 17 On firings. cent monthwithnews a blackout against re- the during protest the join Journalists police. the with confrontations violent of total provokingdemonstrate people a 23,000 Thessaloniki and Athens and the eighth general strike in a year. In stoppagesworkseveralforcallofdays everyfive retirees. In protest, the unions 25% and a limit of one new contract for to up ofsalaries reductionin a cluding and Turkish Cypriot heads, Dimitris Dimitris heads, Cypriot Turkish and • Cyprus armedforces. the of members of date to Turkishtrial important most the is this army; Land the Armed Forces, the Navy, and the Firstof commander former the are accused failed 2003 coup d’état plot. Among the of the army accused of conspiring in the members 192against case Balyoz the

On On On On On On On 22 December the main unions call 16December the trial begins for 30December majora explosion, 6 and 15 December the Greek the December 15 and 6 11 December a member of the of member a December 11 9 eebr h plc an- police the December 29 • latterare of Palestinian origin. and the Faisali. The majority of fans of the the main teams in the country, the Wihdat lowingfootballa match between twoof in Amman during riots between fans fol- • Jordan suspectsarson. northBeirut.of TheMinistry Defenceof kilometres 45 Fitri, of town the of tion Lebanon, one of which requires evacua- • Hezbollah. rise up against both the government and LebanesetoSunnis al-Qaeda,oncalls to ties with Brigades, Azzam Abdallah Al-Qaraawi, supreme commander of the • Lebanon thetask of the inspectors. its call to Syria and Iran to cooperate with • Syria sations. conver- reunification endanger could it criticises the agreement Turkey and affirms December that 19 On region. the in deposits gas and oil of exploitation toward step important an States, both border between the territorial waters of the establishing Israel with agreement • tobelow 4.5% of the GDP. publicdeficitreductionallowthewill of major reductions in public spending that vere budgets in the country’s history, with bate,Parliament approves themostse- • keyregisters the only unfavorable vote. mission on the island, the UNFICYP. Tur- June 2011 the mandate of the UN peace 15 extendinguntilof favour in votescil • for26 January 2011. Geneva in plannedmeeting the before ating and he expects important progress clares that the negotiations are acceler- de- Downer, Alexander envoy, special Nevertheless,DecemberUN 19the on reporting any noteworthy achievements. without conversation reunification the for meet Eroglu, Dervis Christofias and Jrain r so b te Jordanian the by shot are Jordanian a

On On On On On December 17 On On On December 21, two Egyptians and 14 December the Security Coun- 1 December Saleh Ben Abdallah 10December 150 are wounded 2 December the IAEA reiteratesIAEADecemberthe 2 16 December after intense de- intense after December 16 Dcme 10 ie sat in start fires 120 December 4 Cyprus signs an signs Cyprus • Libya fromthe recent elections. emergedthatment,”one the parallel to parlia- “people’s a of creation the for Court of the Council of the State, calling the beforeprotest a stage MPs former • government. requests the intervention of the Egyptian hundreds of sub-Saharan emigrants, and Israel holdingbe couldwhichEgypt, through into immigrants sub-Saharan of entry illegal the facilitating to voted de-network a of Sinai existencein the • NationalAssembly for Change. ElBaradei’s Mohammed with together a common opposition to the government hoodannounces its intention of forming • inseveral areas of the country. stentionarrestsdisturbances19andin ab- highmarkedby day a inwins NDP make accusations of electoral fraud. The and by the Al-Wafd party, both of which Brotherhood Muslim the by boycotted elections, Parliamentary of round ond On 25 December the protests spread to continue, and one demonstrator is killed. police the with confrontations cember De- 24 On headquarters. government authorities set himself on fine outside the the by confiscated were wares whose ruption,which began after a young man cor- unemploymentand over protest a intothe governor’s headquarters during Bouzid when the latter Sidi attempt in to force office their way Governor’s the gin between the police and occupiers of • Tunisia citizensin Libyan territory. Tunisian on restrictions entry of lifting • taxes. transporthighway in increase the over protestin December10 on began that reachan agreement to call off the strike truckers Egyptian and Transportation • Egypt illegallyin Syria. Ten more are arrested. border guard when they attempt to enter

On On On On On On On 5 December Egypt holds the sec- 28 December Libya approves the 7 December the Muslim Brother- 17 December confrontations be- 10 December HRW condemns HRW December 10 December 14, the Ministry of of Ministry the 14, December December 20, some twenty twenty some 20, December • Morocco whose construction had begun in 1984. would be relocated to the “new” housing, thatnoteveryone theneighbourhoodin learnedwasbeforeit sevendayswhen anescalation in the violence that began hood.The riots are the consequence of cientliving conditions theneighbour-in insuffi-denounceAlgiers,theiers,who inhabitantspolicetheandPalm- Les of made during confrontations between the civilianare wounded and 29arrests are protestcamp, Gdeim Isik. WesternSaharathe dismantling ofber dents” that took place during the Novem- inci- violent “the condemngovernment the that requests Parliament Spanish theareas,” afterhoursall in Spainwith “reevaluateto thetotality itsrelationsof • nationalreconciliation. of favour in GSPC, the of ex-director 2009 call issued by Abderrazak El Para, Tamanrasset,inities theresponse toin AQIM give themselves up to the author- • operation. antiterrorist other an- in wounded are five another and killed is soldier one December 25 On 16 militants of the terrorist network die. least at and dismantled is cell logistical support AQIM an the which in of course Kabylia in begins 7,000 than operatives more with operation ist Bordj in On Menaiel. 9 an December antiterror- forces security by shot are AQIM, to ties with Brigade El-Arkam the of leaders two Samir, Abdeslam • theTunisian economy”. harm“gravely complaints,which the to appears before the media to urge an end Ali, Al-AbidineBen President,Zine the demonstration in Gafsa on the same day new a suppress police the December 29 police.On theclasheswith in ends that protest a in capital the on march Decemberthousandsdemonstratorsof Al-RagabplaceMaknasi.in27and On thecapital andnewconfrontations take • Algeria totheir private counterparts. the low salaries of the sector with regard criticise to strike on go workershealth

On On On On On On 29 December 52 police and one 5 December Habib Mourad and Mourad Habib 5 December 2 DecemberMoroccothreatens2 2 eebr w mmes of members two December 22 22 and 23 December public public December 23 and 22

351 Med.2011 Appendices 352 Med.2011 Appendices n rnfr ad edd p y Jean- by up headed and Frankfurt in pendent organisation with headquarters European Systemic Risk Board, the an of inde- operations of beginning the es • sinceits 1998 creation. crease of 5 billion euros for the first time in- capital a approves(ECB) Bank tral well as of credit risks, the as Europeaneuro, the of Cen-price the and rates est creased volatility of exchange rates, inter- • resources. 2011 on the need to create new in internaldebate a of holding the and period 2014-2020 the for perspectives cial finan- future of negotiation the in ment Parlia- for role greater a obtaining but 2.91%, of a budget the in rise moderate accepting light, green the the gives budget EP the December 15 On proposal presented by the Commission. budget 2011 new the approves finally • 2015. by deficit budget the correct to commitment a and system banking carries with it a restructuring of the Irish lion euros in aid to Ireland. The measure bil- 85 approve Finance and Economy • on. 2011 January from bonds debt through which the Fund countries, will emit its member own the aid to rozone Eu- the by May in created fund bailout ity, ofthe the firstoperation announces of the European Financial Stability Facil- • EuropeanUnion killedand seven more are arrested. are traffickers two which in Mali with jointoperationadestined Europeinfor largestnetworksnarcotics of trafficking the of one of dismantling the nounces • Mauritania roccoand abroad. Mo- in attacks planning of suspected in the manufacture of explosives who are Interior informs of the arrest of six experts • rocco. alsoplanning carbomb assaults inMo- According to the authorities, the cell was rested in Casablanca, Nador and Oujda. di •

smanteled and its six members are ar- On On On On On On On is cell terrorist a December 10 On 16 December the ECB announc- 1 December Klaus Regling, head 27December the Minister of the 16 Decemberin- the16facedwith 10 December the EU Council Council EU the December 10 7 December the Ministers of of Ministers the December 7 2 eebr artna an- Mauritania December 22 • Morocco. long as it remains within the Kingdom of thatwill give the Sahara “autonomy”, as is taking a stand for a “political solution” monarchtheithara.declares In thathe WesternSa- in rights human for spect askedEUMorocco showtogreater re- the which of coursethe inGranada, in ticipated in the EU-Morocco summit held lettertotheEuropean leaders whopar- • Sahara Western ments. agree- cooperation five signingrorism, ConventionSuppressiontheforTer- of restarting of the plans to create the Arab the approveInterior the and Justice of • ArabLeague financial system. EU the of supervisionmacroeconomic the for responsible be will who which ECB, the of President Trichet, Claude that negotiations on the Council Resolution 1920, as it confirms Security UN satisfaction with receives • the ceasefire. maintaining to indispensable is April 2011, considering that its 30 presence until (MINURSO) Sahara Western in Referendumthe for Mission UN the mandateofextensionthe provesthe of • theTindouf camps. groupSahrawiaofco,of activists from ebratethereturn, authorised Moroc-by neighbourhood, in ElAyoun, as they cel- shootat several people from the Matala • August2009. It is the first meeting of the parties since ment to proceed with the conversations. out notable progress, but with a commit- ern Sahara. The meeting concludes with- UN, to renew negotiations on the West- the umbrellaof York,theNewunder in PolisarioFront hold an informal meeting • the“failure of US mediation.” vancespeacetheinprocess, lightinof ad- guarantee will that response” ous Palestinian dialogue to obtaining “a Israeli- seri- of renewal subject to decides

On On On On On On On 5 May the Moroccan government 30 April the Security Council ap- 21 December the Arab Ministers 7 MarchMohammedsendsa VI7 16 December the Arab League Arab the December 16 10 February Morocco and the the and Morocco February 10 9 March the Moroccan police police Moroccan the March 9 • out in favour of the Rabat autonomy plan. AugustMouloud9 publiclyhad spoken beraccused of spying for Morocco. On camps, arrested on 21 Septem- formerhigh-ranking Mouloud, police official in the Sidi Ould Mustapha frees • to include the monitoring of human rights. theUN to extend MINURSO’s mandate controlledharaMorocco”by urges and territoriesWesterntheofSa- hrawisin defenders of the human rights of the Sa- “condemns the repression and arrest of December the EP approves a report that Sahrawi and Moroccan between students. On Smara, 16 in violence of break of the Western Sahara, spark a new out- confrontations, which have spread to all tional investigation. On 29 November the interna-UN a accept toMorocco asks theEP approves a resolution in which it situation of “genocide.” On 24 November troops while several NGOs denounce a Abdelaziz, requests the presence of UN Mohammed (SADR), Republic cratic Demo- Arab Sahrawi the of President resulttheimpositionin curfew.aof The woundedandmore than 130injail and and one Polisario member dead, dozens agents Moroccan five leave incidents as far as El Ayoun, initiating a revolt. The Moroccanandarmysettlersreach who the and Sahrawis the between tations tles the camp producing violent confron- disman-MoroccanNovemberarmythe 8 demonstrators.On of thousands the tionsto the socioeconomic demands of solu-seekprincipal Sahrawileadersto Minister Taieb Cherqaoui meets with the Western Sahara. On 28 October Interior strations since the decolonisation of the Ayoun,largesttheElin protest demon- to Gdaim Izik, a camp 13 kilometers from controllingaccesspoliceMoroccan by sevenmore are wounded by shots fired • tothe Tindouf camps. blanca airport on their return from a visit Casa-the Octoberinarrested2009 in were activists The trail. fair a or lease re- their demand to strikehunger hour 48- atrial,begin awaitthey as jail Sale the in imprisoned Naciri, Hamadi and activists , Brahim Dahan • independence. than autonomy on more focus should begin in Manhasset, New York, under the between Morocco and the

On On On On 24 October one Sahrawi dies and 8 November new conversationsnewNovember 8 13 September Western SaharaWesternSeptember 13 6 October the Polisario Front Front Polisario the October 6 programmemed in Algeciras and Madrid. technical meetings of the Tripartitethe suspendForum to decisionCaruana’s on Hague The Court. On 14 October before the press reports affair the take to their sovereignty, and challenges Madrid defend to London urges government, surroundingGibratarprioritya hisisfor affirms that sovereignty watersover the Caruana, Peter colony, the of Minister Prime theOctober 13 incident,on this to Owing Kingdom. United the before complaint from the Spanish government Bay of Algeciras. The incident triggers a the of waters territorial Spanish the in patrol as it pursues a narcotics trafficker Gibraltarpolice a interceptedby is trol • toleave the zone. obliged is boatSpanish Algeciras.The of Bay the of territorial watersSpanish andtwofromthe Gibraltar police thein trol is corralled by one British Navy boat • Gibraltar January2011. in negotiationsthe continue to ground common on agreeing but agreements concreteanywithout 18December on endingManhasset, in place take Front tions between Morocco and the Polisario • frontationsin the Western Sahara. tense atmosphere produced by the con- auspices of the United Nations amidst a

On On On 2 June a Spanish Civil Guard pa- 28September Civila Guard pa- 16 December further conversa-furtherDecember 16 • thetalks. police,judicial, andcustoms areas from Tripartite Forum, though they exclude the the of meetingstechnical the reinstate GibraltarUnitedKingdomandtoagree the Spain, October 21 On Kingdom. United the and Spain between ment” bilateralenviron-the exclusivelyin with that any question of sovereignty “is dealt sponds to Caruana’s actions by affirming re- Vega, la de FernandezMaria ident, On15 October the Spanish Vice-Pres- Euronews EurActiv País El Mundo El Mail Cyprus House Chatham CEPS Peace International for Endowment Carnegie WorldBBC Insight Balkan B92 Press Associated Al-Jazeera EFE Agencia Stratégiques Affaires Al-YoumAl-Masry Sources thepolice. ual who is detained a short time later by inthe middle of the street by an individ- Minister of Justice of Gibraltar, is stabbed

On 2 November, Daniel Feetham, the WorldPolitics Review Releases WorldPress Bank Centre News Nations United Parliament The YorkNew The Times Toutel’Europe Malta of Times SETimes RTVE Foundation Schuman Robert Novosti RIA Reuters Liberty Europe/Radio Free Radio EU the of Presidencies gian Press Releases of the Spanish and Bel- mission Com- European the of Releases Press PressEurop Caucaso e Balcani Osservatorio TEIM Electoral Observatorio News Medarab Magharebia L’OrientJour Le Monde Le Figaro Le Balkans des Courrier Le Kathimerini IRIS work Net- Security & Relations International Group Crisis International Sera della Corriere Il Haaretz FRIDE Diplomatie France WorldEurope’s Monitor Media Europe Eurotopics

353 Med.2011 Appendices 354 Med.2011 Appendices and indivisible capital.” Israel’s negative eternal Israel’s is “Jerusalem that tion fied by Benjamin Netanyahu’s declara- intensi- further is situation The tember. construction after it expired on 26 Sep- settlement on moratorium 10-month US mediation by refusing to extend the the expansion for life complicates Israel projects, settlement major of tion Silwan the neighbourhood in and the publica- homes Palestinian of series a beginning of March of the demolition of settlements, the at announcement the by worsened Jewish the and salem regard to the thorny issue of East Jeru- With evidence. concealed Israel that claims and disproportionate as attack the describes which report, mission’s votes in favour of the independent com- tember, the UN Human Rights Council Operation Cast Lead. since Also, on 29 Sep- strain under been have which Turkey, and Israel between relations to tension adds incident the in tivists Turkishof death The ac- Gaza. around ing to break Israel’s unilateral blockade attempt- aid humanitarian and activists carrying ships of flotilla a on fire opens erupts on 1 June when the Israeli army in the West Bank; and a new crisis that and capital the of part this in struction con- settlement freeze to refusal rael’s Is- Jerusalem; East of status the over differences irreconcilable the by: rily ever, is hindered and threatened prima- how- process, peace the of activation re- The talks. indirect of months seven raeli government on 2 September, after Is- the and (PNA) Authority National Palestinian the between resumed are Palestinian factions. Direct negotiations tian mediation to reconcile the different Egyp-the by made advances with and reactivate countries two the between talks peace to Palestine and Israel in 2010 begins with efforts led by the US Palestineand Israel in Events of Chronology Chronologies • reasons.” security “for Oz Nahal into crossing the closing three, to four from crossings border Gaza the reduce to decision Israel’s • Israel 2010 January settlements. freezeIsraeli on if approved, would require an immediate that, Nations United the before sented pre- be to resolution a of Erekat Saeb October, by Palestine’s chief negotiator 29 on announcement, the and state; Palestinian a of declaration unilateral the US; the increasing likelihood of the peace process, despite efforts made by the of future the regarding uncertainty with therefore, ends, year The Israel. of State the of integrity the and fence de- security, of areas in concessions major includes which November, in makes Benjamin Netanyahu a new offer Clinton Hillary State of Secretary US the process, the save to attempt fresh a In talks. peace the endangers seri- ously and agreement an reaching of possibility any dashes Jerusalem East in homes 1,300 of construction the of On 8 November Israel’s announcement League. Arab the by backed October, ian withdrawal from the negotiations in stance on this issue forces the Palestin- entry of terrorists and the illegal immigrants. prevent to Egypt with border the along fence security a of construction • month. the of beginning the at reached tion Cast Lead, in virtue of an agreement caused to UN properties during Opera- damage the for million $10.5 of isation el’s payment to the international organ-

On 10 January 10 On January 22 On January 4 On the press announces press the the UN reports Isra- reports UN the Israel approves the approves Israel • to Hamas urges Gaza. in activity terrorist control Barak Ehud ister .”of sion Min- Defence Israeli The “mis- a on were men the whilst cident ac- an to due were deaths the Hamas, of wing military the Brigades, Qassam al- Ezzedeen the to According Gaza. in an explosion in Beit Hanoun, north of • Palestine garding the Iranian nuclear programme. re- position Israeli the for support her Berlin. Chancellor in summit shows bilateral second their hold Israel comply with what was set out in out set was what with comply Israel Cast Lead broke out, but demands that Operation when 2008 December in interrupted were which preconditions, without talks peace resume to willing is he says Abbas President Palestinian the Mubarak, President Egyptian the • PeaceNegotiations Watan Centre for Women’s Leadership. the headed and Affairs Social of istry position of Director-General of the Min- allah. Laila Ghannam previously held the points the first female governor of Ram- • relations. bilateral for tension of period new a to end an putting apology, raeli Is- the accepts Ankara anti-Semitic. as Israel by branded series television a Turkey’sof against broadcasting test pro- in press, the of front in previously days two ambassador the with hands Foreign Affairs Minister refused to shake deputy Israeli The Celikkol. Oguz met of the Turkish ambassador to Israel Ah- cial apology to Turkey for the treatment •

On 13 January 13 On On 4 January 4 On On On 11 January January 18 On 25 January Mahmoud Abbas ap- , after a meeting with meeting a after , two people are killed Israel issues an offi- an issues Israel Israel and Germany and Israel Austrian WolfgangAustrian Jilke. the Golan Heights, to take over from the gagement Observer Force (UNDOF) in Disen- UN the of Mission of Head new the as Ecarma Natalio General ippine General Ban Ki-moon appoints the Phil- • Operation Lead. Cast during targets civilian on authorise the use of white phosphorous sanctioned two high-ranking officers to Haaretz • Israel 2010 February death. al-Mabhouh’s of Mossad assassinated in Dubai. Hamas accuses is eighties, the in Brigades al-Qassam the of hands the at soldiers Jewish of kidnappings the behind man the houh • tocease attacks on Israeli territory. Hamas government the in and Gaza (PNA) an ultimatum Authority National ian MinisterNetanyahu issues thePalestin- ous days. On 10 January the Israeli Prime Strip, which took place during the previ- the from launches rocket to response in casualties, 14 leaving Gaza in nels bombsrocket factories andsupply tun- • Parties the between Conflicts Envoy Mitchell. George Special US the with meeting areas. The statement comes settlement hours after the leave never will Israel that declares Netanyahu the Bank, in West settlements Jewish the in act political a at January, 24 On table. ing Israel refuses to include at the negotiat- status whose Jerusalem, East focussed around is dispute main The talks. peace re-launch to attempt an in bas yahu and the President of the PNA Ab- Netan- both with talks holds Mitchell the US Envoy to the Middle East George Israeli the Jewish State. On 21 and an 22 January of security with the guarantee to presence but state, estinian Pal- a for prospects the about ference ister Netanyahu speaks at a press con- • Westthe Bank. in settlements freeze and Map Road the

On On On On On On 8 January the Tsahal (Israeli army) 1 February the Israeli newspaper 20 January the Israeli Prime Min- Fbur te N Secretary- UN the February 1 0 aur Mhod al-Mab- Mahmoud January 20 reports that the Israeli army army Israeli the that reports • in work. for exchange woman a to favours sexual poses pro- al-Husseini which in 10, Channel Israel’s on broadcast is video a after fires his cabinet chief Rafiq al-Husseini • Palestine Tehran.towards stance its toughening is visit Moscow when time a at place The takes 20%. to uranium enrich to decision its over Iran against sanctions adopting for support Russian gaining Dimitri President Medvedev are primarily aimed at the and Putin Vladimir ter meetings with the Russian Prime Minis- The Moscow. to visit official an makes the with • collaboration Commission. Goldstone their ing ery and damaging Israel’s image follow- fence organisations accused of treach- Israel Fund and other human rights de- New the against Tirtzu Im movement Zionist the by led “witch-hunt,” a as some by concerned described campaign a about are pacifists Israeli that • moud Abbas accepts the US proposal, Mah- PNA the of President the While borders. the of definition the and Bank Westthe in settlements the Jerusalem, East of status the includes talks peace clarify to resume to proposal its US not or whether the asks al-Kidwa er Palestinian elections in July 2010 Nass- ary Fatah’s presidential candidate to the damental interests of Israel. On 8 Febru- agreement will have to respect the fun- without preconditions” but adds that any Syria and Palestinians the with gotiate ne- to “willing is Israel that announces • PeaceNegotiations posal for inter-Palestinian reconciliation. move towards signing the Egyptian pro- a in 2007 since time first the for Gaza of city the in meet Hamas, and Fatah including factions, Palestinian 13 the • 2010. July 17 local elections in the West Bank for the • vehicle. his beneath detonated is bomb a after unharmed Khan Younis, Youssef Sarsour, escapes

On On On 7 February On On On On On 14 February Benjamin Netanyahu 14 February representatives of of representatives February 14 8 January the PNA announces announces PNA the January 8 10 February the press reports reports press the February 10 2 February a Hamas leader in in leader Hamas a February 2 14 February Mahmoud Abbas Abbas Mahmoud February 14 Benjamin Netanyahu • Court. Supreme Israeli the by Palestinian town of Bilin in compliance with the a ruling in barrier separation the of line the modify to work struction • Strip. the an Israeli border patrol was shot at from Jihad and injures two other people, after Islamic the from militant a kills Gaza on • city.same an adolescent on Palestinian by a attack settler in the the report Palestinians after shortly Nablus, near officer lice po- Palestinian a by killed and stabbed • February.2 on Israel southern Ashdod and to the rocket launched into and Ashkelon of beaches the on day previous the found devices explosive two the to response in comes attack The border. Egyptian the at tunnels ply strike on Gaza hitting some of the sup- • territories. its ling control- of incapable being for Hamas tack in the south of the Strip and blames at- an with February 10 of hours early east of the Negev. Israel responds in the north- the in land Gaza from launched • massecurity apparatus. Ha- the infiltrated assassinationhaving the Israeli secret services carried out the spokesman Adnan al-Dmiri assures that forces security PNA The sassination. to accuse Fatah of orchestrating the as- reason Hamas giving PNA, the of ices rested is a former head of security serv- ar- the Among false. arepassports the that claim Dublin and London citizens. French and Irish English, German, are suspects the of some passports, their to According al-Mabhouh. Mahmoud accused of murdering the Hamas leader Dubai release the identities of 17 people • Parties the between Conflicts table. negotiating the on are Palestinians the for issues priority that guarantee a demands he Patriarchs in Hebron as national herit- national as Hebron in Patriarchs the of Tomb the and Bethlehem, near Tomb, Rachel’s declare to February the Israeli government’s decision on 21 to response in settlers Israeli and ians Palestin- between Hebron in reported

On 10 February 10 On On On 2 February On 22 February 22 On On February 12 On February 11 On 15-17 February the authorities in 7 and 8 February two rockets rockets two February 8 and 7 Israel launches an air Israel initiates con- initiates Israel an Israeli soldier is soldier Israeli an violent clashes are clashes violent an Israeli air strike air Israeli an

355 Med.2011 Appendices 356 Med.2011 Appendices them and who see the measure as a way relocate to promises Barkat’s of cious provokes protests from residents suspi- park archaeological an build to order in district Silwan the in homes estinian a groupof44illegallyconstructed Pal- Nir Barkat’s announcement to demolish • PeaceNegotiations security.Palestinian 14 February on suspicion of threatening British journalist Paul Martin, held since • Palestine March. 29 of night the on gins of Passover (Jewish Holiday) which be- borders for 48 hours for the celebration • respectively.March 27 and 17 on region the visit to both ing territory,Israeli through Gaza ter allow- UN Secretary-General Ban the Ki-moon to en- and Ashton Representative announces that it will allow the EU High • 1959. since Cuba to plied ap- model the follows that embargo an suggests Lieberman programme. clear nu- its of development the to sponse re- in Iran on sanctions unilateral pose Avigdor Lieberman urges the US to im- • Israel 2010 March compound. the Muslims throw stones at Jewish of tourists entering group a after Jerusalem, in mosque al-Aqsa the at police Israeli onstrators are injured in clashes with the • Lead. Cast Operation during tigations into the war crimes committed 5 inves- their present to which in months further a Palestinians the and rael Is- give to abstentions, 31 and against resolution, by 98 votes in favour, seven a on agrees Nations United the of bly • intifada. third a to Bank West the of population the calls yeh, Hamas government in Gaza the Ismail Hani- of head the February 24 On age.

On 2 March On On 28 March March 8 On On On On 26 February the General Assem- 28 February six Palestinian dem- 11 March Hamas releases the the releases Hamas March 11 2 March the Foreign Minister Minister Foreign the March 2 the Mayor of Jerusalem the Israeli government Israeli the Israel closes the Gaza • Jerusalem. East in in the Pisgat Zeev neighbourhood, also for between 900 and 1,100 new homes ther unease over a construction project fur- expresses which US, the and tions plan arouses concern in the United Na- to expel them from East Jerusalem. The Envoy George Mitchell cancels his tour Special day,US same the the On ians. plans do not pose a threat for Palestin- construction the that assuring calm, remain to US and PNA the asks and Jerusalem East in homes of struction con- the suspend not will Israel that • ments. of possible unrest due to the announce- police Israeli from warning a following Westthe of hours 48 for borders Bank Minister Ehud Defence Barak orders the closure Israeli The Jerusalem. East in homes more 50,000 of construction paper news- the by published news the firms con- Council Jerusalem the day, same the On resume. to dialogue for calls Joe Biden accepts Yishai’s apology and govern- ment’s decision to cancel indirect talks. Palestinian the announces tiator in the peace process Saeb Erekat • resume. to talks for support its withdraws League Arab emergency the an meeting, in day same the On internationally.” and both country the inside caused “distress the for gises apolo- Yishai Eli Minister Interior Israeli the March 10 re- On talks. to peace launch attempts jeopardising of rael Is- accusing disapproval, their express also PLO the and Nations United EU, during his official visit to the region. The move the condemn to Biden Joe dent Presi- Vice US the East causing Jerusalem, in neighbourhood Shlomo mat Ra- the in homes more 1,600 of proval ap- the announces Israel March 9 On es its readiness to resume peace talks. Beitar Illit, hours after the PLO announc- of settlement Bank West the in homes new 112 of construction the approves • cur- region. the touring rently is who Mitchell, George Envoy the with Israel, launched by the US Special to light green proposal to resume indirect the negotiations gives ment govern- Palestinian Fatah the settle- ments, the expand to nouncements

On On March 11 On March 8 On On regarding a plan for the for plan a regarding Haaretz 15 March Netanyahu declares declares Netanyahu March 15 Mrh dsie sal an- Israeli despite March, 7 the Israeli government Israeli the the Palestinian nego- Palestinian the • rage.” of “day a for call factions radical other and Hamas after strators, demon- Palestinian and police Israeli between March 16 on clashes violent provokes reopening The years. 62 for ism, opens its doors after being closed lem and one of the holiest sites in Juda- Jewish quarter of the old city of Jerusa- the in located Synagogue, (ruin) Hurva • arrest. the in collaborating of Fatah accuses Hamas years. 10 over for wanted been has who Brigades, al-Qassam the of founder and leader Hamas a Uda, har Ma- of Ramallah in capture the reports • Parties the between Conflicts in homes 100 Jerusalem. East in Jarrah, Sheikh and 20 between of confirms new plans for the construction • delayed.” be “may tiations nego- peace the that announces yahu Netan- Obama, Barack with meeting closed-door a After capital.” our is It lem today. Jerusalem is not a settlement. Jerusa- building are people Jewish the building Jerusalem 3,000 were years ago and people “Jewish the that firming af- request Washington’s defies yahu Netan- US, the in lobby Jewish largest before the annual meeting of AIPAC, the ence in Sinai. On 23 March, in a speech frontation in 1975 over the Israeli pres- the since Henry Kissinger years, and Yitzhak Rabin 35 con- in worst the as described relations US-Israeli in crisis of period a in region, the for planned kibbutz Thai a killing Israel southern hits Gaza Marchwaslaunched. raeli authorities believe the attack Is- on 18 the where from Gaza, of north lia, air force bombs a hangar close to Jaba- visitstheStrip. On24March theIsraeli tunnel in Rafah, a day after Ban secret Ki-moon another bombing attack, fresh Younis.launchesa IsraelMarch 22 On Khan in areas two andfoundry metal a border, Egyptian the at tunnel secret a bombing by responds Israel March control of the Strip from Hamas. On 19 wrest to attempting is al-Qaeda that bility for the attack, arousing suspicions groupAnsaral-Sunna claimsresponsi- militant Salafi The Strip. the visiting is

On 24 March On On On 14 March 18 March a missile launched from

15 March the Beis Yaakov, or or Yaakov, Beis the March 15 worker,whileCatherine Ashton the Jerusalem Council the Israeli government was arrested in August 2009 for provid- young Palestinian with Israeli citizenship The prison. in months eight and years five to Sultani Rawi sentences Court • crossing. Keremborder Shalom rying clothing and footwear through the rael allows ten trucks to enter Gaza car- Is- ago, years three power took Hamas • Israel A men. arrested the of release the demand who onstrators dem- Palestinian and police the tween be- erupt clashes court the Outside legitimacy. its recognise court to refusing military Israeli an before pear ap- to refuse detainees other the and Zaki March 31 On Sunday. Palm on in Bethlehem at a tants, demonstration mili- party 12 with together member, Fatah longstanding a Zaki, Abbas rest • that leaves one dead and seven injured. Abbassan of town the on raid Tsahal a with responds Israel March 27 On army. Israeli the with fire cross ensuing Two Palestinian soldiers are killed in the Khan-Younis. in explosion an in killed • Lead. Cast Operation during war committed violations other alleged and crimes the into investigations Palestinian and Israeli the evaluate will report, Goldstone the in out set tions committee that, following recommenda- independent an establishes Council • al-Mabhouh. Mahmoud leader Hamas of assassination the in used passports British false the with connection his to London to expel an Israeli diplomat due in decision the of informed be to istry Min- Foreign British the by summoned is Prosor Ron Kingdom United the to • Hawara. in soldier Israeli an stab to attempting were who Palestinians, more two shoot Israeli troops March 21 On protestors. ian the in Palestin- two killing settlement, Bracha settlers Jewish and estinians Pal- between clashes quell to Nablus, th •

pril 2010 pril e West Bank village of Burin, near near Burin, of village Bank West e On 6 April 6 On On On On On 25 March On On 20 March the Israeli army enters 22 March the Israeli Ambassador 26 March two Israeli soldiers are 28 March the Israeli police ar- police Israeli the March 28 4 April, for the first time since since time first the for April, 4 the Petah Tikva District Tikva Petah the the UN Human Rights sioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay Pillay Navi Rights Human for sioner years ago. On 16 April the UN Commis- since it took Hamas power in by the Gaza Strip out ten carried execution first with collaborating charged with Israel. This is the Palestinians two of ecution • from Syria, Lebanon, Jordan and Egypt. entry illegal avoid to Law 1969 in passed Infiltration of Prevention the to to seven years in prison, is an amendment up with territory Israeli-controlled law, which punishes illegal residence in in the West Bank to the Gaza Strip. The citizens Palestinian transfer as well as origin, of countries their to permit a out deport residents of the to West Bank authority with- army the gives that force • Treaty.Non-Proliferation clear a formal request that Israel sign the Nu- led by Egypt and Turkey, intend to issue after discovering that certain countries, Washington, which begins on 12 April, in Summit Security Nuclear the tend at- to not decision Netanyahu’s jamin • Ashkenazi. Gabi the Israeli army’s Chief of General Staff about information with Hareb) Salman ing an agent of Hezbollah (identified as • Palestine freeze. construction a to opposed firmly remains he that states Netanyahu day same the On salem. Jeru- East in expansion settlement the of consequence a as March, in began US the and Israel between crisis matic country on his first tour since the diplo- the in arrives Mitchell East Middle the • sibleinvolvement inthe scandal. of Jerusalem, Uri Lupolianski, for his pos- afterthe arrest of another former mayor or of Jerusalem. The news comes a day 1993 and 2003, while he was the may- between dollarsmillion a nearly ceived re-propertydevelopment,hewhich for the construction project for the Holyland suspect in a bribery case for authorising Minister Olmert is charged as the prime • PLO and annex parts of the West Bank. rael may annul past agreements with the Is- 2011, in state Palestinian a declare unilaterally to plans with ahead goes Ramallah if that warns Lieberman ter

On 15 April On On April 13 On April 7 On On 22 April the US Special Envoy to Arl h pes eot Ben- reports press the April 7 15 April Israel’s former Prime Prime former Israel’s April 15 the Israeli Foreign Minis- Foreign Israeli the Hamas confirms the ex- a new law comes into comes law new a • crossing. der bor- Erez the and Gaza between April, and agree to call a protest march on 21 sands of Palestinians in the West Bank thou- of deportation the authorise to measure latest Israel’s discuss to meet • Israel. with collaborators declares that it will continue to execute Hamas April 19 On penalty. death the urges the authorities in Gaza to abolish • dead. Palestinian one leaves Israel and Gaza between border the on gunfight a April 16 On Gaza. force in targets Hamas various bombs air Israel the after take hours that place clashes in members its of Jihad confirms the involvement of some Islamic group terrorist The attack. raeli Is- an against defending whilst Israel, and Gaza between border the at diers sol- Israeli with gunfight a in killed are • PeaceNegotiations April. 28 of night the gas into a smuggling tunnel in Rafah on pumping by Palestinians five killing of moud Zahar assures Mah- the leader party’s The cartoon. the June 2006, causes Hamas to denounce in Hamas by captured Shalit, of death possible the to relation in video the of language ambiguous The Shalit. Gilad Sergeant Israeli the of kidnapping the concerning Hamas, of wing armed the Brigades, al-Qassam Ezzedeen the by tions broadcast a short animation made • Nablus. near village a into try Palestinian citizens who are denied en- West Bank between the Israeli army and • fromthe Strip into southern Israel. onGaza inresponse rockettoa launch • Parties the between Conflicts proposal. the rejects Abbas Mahmoud Council, Revolutionary tah On 24 April, in a speech before the Fa- Bank as a step West towards independence. the of 60% on borders porary tem- with and capital its as Jerusalem East have not would that state estinian Pal- a establish to proposal a launches

On On April 29 On April 20 On On On On 21 April On On 2 April Israel launches an air strike 13 April four Palestinian militants 5 pi svrl eeiin sta- television several April 25 23 April Benjamin Netanyahu Netanyahu Benjamin April 23 clashes break out in the the Palestinian factions Palestinian the Hamas accuses Egypt accuses Hamas Jerusalem Post

357 Med.2011 Appendices 358 Med.2011 Appendices waters, 65 km from the Gaza coastline. and intercepts its cargo in international on the flotilla, killing at least 15 activists, fire opens army Israeli the May 31 On Gaza. on blockade Israeli the breaking Greece and Turkey, with the intention of Cyprus, from day previous the sail set Flotilla.”“Freedom so-called flotilla The tons of humanitarian aid, which form the 10,000 carrying vessels nine aboard activists 800 the arrest to preparing is • Ramallah. to directly go to it use to and four exit points and will not be able points entry two have will users tinian since time Pales- security” of reasons first “For 2002. the for traffic tinian Pales- to 443, Tel Route and Aviv, lem Jerusa- between highway connecting the opens Israel Court, Supreme the • dignitaries. raeli Is- leading with meetings of cellation can- the to May,leads 24 since region the in Parliament, European the of tion delega- a by territory Israeli from Gaza • reality.”in basis “no has tion Shimon Peres, assures that the informa- President Israeli The missiles. nuclear developing for system Israeli an in ties seven- mid the during interest pressed ex- Africa South which to according WikiLeaks web portal for lishes a secret report declassified by the • objections. tinian Pales- despite Chile, and Estonia enia, Slov- with together OCDE the enter to • Israel 2010 May border. the around “buffer zone,” a 150-metre security area fire during a protest in Gaza against the gun- Israeli from injuries suffering after • ago. years six border Israeli the on officer police a killing for wanted was Sweiti Bank. West the in Sweiti, a senior Hamas militant, on a raid • Hamas.” of position official the reflect not “does video the that and captivity” in soldier Israeli an on 27 April that Hamas “would never kill

On 28 May 28 On On May 27 On May 24 On May 10 On April 28 On On 28 May, in line with a ruling by by ruling a with line in May, 28 26 April Israeli soldiers kill Ali Ali kill soldiers Israeli April 26 Israel announces that it that announces Israel an unauthorised visit to visit unauthorised an Israel is formally invited formally is Israel the British media pub- media British the a Palestinian man dies man Palestinian a The Guardian, • consensus. without Fatah by imposed been have they claiming elections, the in ticipate Jihad also announces its refusal to par- Islamic The Palestine. in reconciliation national achieving after only and ously simultane- place take Gaza and Bank Westthe in elections the de- that manding 2010, July 17 for planned Bank it will boycott local elections in the West • Hamas. by won elections, the Gaza Strip and to around respect Gaza’s 2006 siege the end to him ing to Barack Obama in recent weeks ask- sent letters two of confirmation mas’s • Palestine consulate. Israeli dreds of demonstrators try to storm the hun- Istanbul In meeting. an emergency call League Arab the that quests re- Syria and consultations for sadors ambas- their recall Greece Turkeyand Israel at the Kissufim border crossing. border Kissufim the at Israel and Gaza between border the crossed illegally had who Palestinians armed • dead. one ing were throwing stones at their car, leav- who Palestinians, young of group a on the West Bank, Israeli settlers open fire • Parties the between Conflicts programme. settlement its es can talks as begin soon as freez- Israel direct that adds Erekat started. ficially of- have talks peace indirect fresh that media the tells Erekat Saeb negotiator Palestinian chief the Mitchell, George Envoy US the and Abbas Mahmoud • PeaceNegotiations tunnels. smuggling Rafah the of one in explodes cylinder gas a after • ing the arrest and deportation of a announces high-rank Strip, Gaza the in Minister • casualties. any causing without north, the in other an- and Gaza southern in tunnels two

Egyptian officer accused of spying. On 21 May 21 On May 21 On May 13 On On On May 24 On On On 9 May 29 May six Palestinians are killed 7 May, after a meeting between between meeting a May, 7 after 24 May Fathi Hamad, Interior Interior Hamad, Fathi May 24 the press announces Ha- the Israeli army kills two kills army Israeli the Hamas announces that announces Hamas in Mazre al-Sharqiya in al-Sharqiya Mazre in the Israeli army bombs army Israeli the ­ • fromLebanon. Mariam, the ships, two of posed pices, on hearing that a new flotilla com- dependent investigation under UN aus- in- an for call his withdraw to Ki-moon Ban urges Minister Defence Israeli the June 21 On blockade. Gaza the ease tional pressure and announces plans to theIsraeli government bowsinterna-to June 20 On Flotilla.” “Freedom the by sibility of distributing the aid transported announces that it will accept the respon- its own investigation. On 16 June the UN June Israel announces that it will launch bersare from– Israel and the US. On7 mem- crew flotilla’s the of most where – Turkey from representatives cluding in- commission a by out carried be to investigationattackanthe intofor calls Secretary-General UN the June 6 On technical reasons from arriving in Gaza. for delayed was which Corrie, Rachel ship Irish the prevent will it says and the deportation of the arrested activists measure.”of startannouncesIsraelthe “preventative a as attack the scribes de- and blockade Gaza the defends CarmonDaniel UN the Ambassadorto Deputy Israeli The Jerusalem. condemnation against of resolution a issue not does it although held, been have that ships the of release the demands and attack the intoinvestigation partial the UN Security Council calls for an im- sameday, after emergencyan meeting, convoy.Thethe on attackarmy’sIsrael their arrival in Ashod, 16 hours after the on Flotilla” “Freedom the on activists • Israel 2010 June patrols. Israeli at Strip noun in response to shots fired from the and a Hamas training camp in Beit Ha- airport Rafah abandoned the bombs • in and its prisoners threaten to mutiny. Shalit. Hamas assures that it will not give continued kidnapping of the soldier Gilad Islamic Jihad prisoners, in response and Hamas to for the at conditions toughening aimed Law” “Shalit the as known • o Jw poet n euae against Jerusalem in protest Jews dox

On On On On 1 June Israel arrests around 600 17June around 100,000 Ortho- 23 May Israel approves a law law a approves Israel May 23 26 May the Israeli air force force air Israeli the May 26 is currently preparing to set sail Julia n the and ries to the value of 320 million euros. million 320 of value the to ries territo- Palestinian the for aid nounces an- Obama Gaza. in flotilla manitarian hu- the on attack the following Israelis, launch indirect talks between Arabs and re- to how discuss to Obama Barack moud Abbas meets in Washington with • Flotilla.” “Freedom the on attack raeli Is- the to response in Egypt, enter to taken into Gaza and Palestinian citizens crossing to allow humanitarian aid to be • Palestine diplomacy.Israeli for and iteinu Be- Yisrael party his for humiliating is decision the that says who Lieberman, Avigdor Minister Foreign of knowledge the without Netanyahu Minister Prime the by authorised been had meeting The Flotilla.” “Freedom the on attack between the two countries following the opened has that crisis the with deal to Davutoglu Ahmet Minister Foreign ish ister Benjamin Ben-Eliezer and the Turk- Min- Labour Tradeand Industry, Israeli the between held been has meeting secret a that reveal sources media ish • release. his negotiate ment govern- Israeli the that demand to lem begins a protest march towards Jerusa- Gilad Shalit, held by Hamas since 2006, • improve information on the Middle East. began to use at the end of the eighties to a series of low-altitude rockets that Israel imaging systems. The Ofek 9 belongs to sophisticated with equipped and (IAI) AerospaceIsraelIndustriesfacturedby satellite from the Palmachim base, manu- • Palestinian homes. the demolition of 20 illegally constructed in Silwan, East Jerusalem, which involves for the construction of 1,000 new homes es the “King’s Garden” development plan Municipal Planning Committee re-launch- US and Netanyahu himself, the Jerusalem • theWest Bank settlement of Immanuel. and Sephardi children in Ashkenazi a religious school in between crimination Supreme Court ruling that prohibits dis- a to reaction a as come protests The law.secularTorah over the of premacy su- the declare to and affairs their in the Israeli Supreme Court’s interference

On 9 June 9 On June 1 On On 30 June June 27 On On On 21 June, despite pressure from the 2 ue sal anhs new a launches Israel June 22 the PNA President Mah- President PNA the gp oes h Rafah the opens Egypt several Israeli and Turk- the family of Sergeant of family the • cancellation. the for reason sole the are conflicts internal Fatah’s Hamas that unity. says Barhoum Fawzi spokesman Palestinian for sary West Bank, claiming the move is neces- municipal elections set for 17 July in the the postpones indefinitely Ministers of • in Israel. southern land Gaza from launched rockets Qassam four least at June 4 On force. air Israeli the by out carried Lahia Beit Ashkelon, are killed in a bomb attack on at rockets two firing of suspected ers, • PeaceNegotiations the first of which took place on 23 May. This is the second incident of this kind, Strip. Gaza the of south the in seirat, of a UN children’s summer camp in Nu- installations the to fire sets extremists • authority.managing canal’s the by Canal Suez the through pass to access denied was it claiming aid, the deliver to plans cancel to decision its announces Society Crescent Red nian Ira- the June 28 On Iran. leaves Gaza named ship second a June 18 On warnings. Israeli despite Gaza, for destined Abbas Bandar of port the leaves aid humanitarian and volunteers • clares in a televised speech that he is he that speech televised a in clares • Israel 2010 July Hebron. near more two injures and officer police Israeli an • attack. an perpetrating manoeuvres army,at Israeli the to according aimed, underwater out rying an Israeli navy patrol. The men were car- of Fatah, are killed in Nuseirat, Gaza, by Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades, the armed wing • Parties the between Conflicts Jerusalem. in Palestinians and Israelis his between talks proximity of round fourth begins Mitchell East Middle the

On 10 June 10 On On 1 July 1 On On 14 June June 7 On June 1 On On On June 13 On 30 June the US Special Envoy to 28 June a group of 25 armed armed 25 of group a June 28 Benjamin Netanyahu de- Netanyahu Benjamin three Hamas sympathis- Hamas three five members of the al- the of members five a Palestinian citizen kills an Iranian ship carrying ship Iranian an the Palestinian Council Palestinian the Toward Toward • land. by aid humanitarian the porting trans- in collaborate will it says Egypt July 14 On ship. the accommodate to by Israeli patrol ships, after Egypt offers monitored Sinai, in el-Arish, of port the plies. On 13 July the sup- medical and carrying food of is tons 2,000 which Arabic), in (hope the intercept will it that warns government leaves Israeli The Gaza. for Gaddafi, heading Greece Muammar of son chartered by a Libyan charity run by the • storage. weapons Hezbollah of in south Lebanon, which show evidence fies aerial photographs of various towns • PeaceNegotiations elections. Palestinian the for date definitive a set and reconciliation for proposal Egyptian the ratify to order in both sides pledging to hold regular talks leader exiled in Lebanon, conclude with ment) and Osama Hamdan, the Hamas (Parlia- Council Legislative Palestinian the at bloc Fatah the of head Ahmad, Al- Azzam by led talks, The process. reconciliation Palestinian the advance to Beirut in meeting a hold Hamas and • Palestine Flotilla.” “Freedom the on attack the investigate to committee independent an points ap- opposition, Israeli despite Council, • Shalit. Gilad soldier Israeli the for exchange in Palestinians 1,000 release conditionally to willing Prime Minister Salam Fayyad for the first Palestinian the with meets Barak Ehud • East. Middle the in priorities in the and Yerevan’s Jerusalem’s in change a to key the be would Armenia, with relations friendly Turkey, which historically does not have and Israel between relations of ening embassy in the other country. The wors- countries, neither of which maintains an new phase in relations between the two Sargsyan’s Israel. announcement represents with a ties improving in interest Armenia’s expresses Sargsyan Serzh

On 13 July 13 On On July 7 On On July 14 On On Amalthea 5 July the Israeli Defence Minister 10 July a Moldovan-flagged ship, 23 July the UN Human Rights Rights Human UN the July 23 the government declassi- government the , renamed the the renamed , representatives of Fatah of representatives the Armenian President Armenian the al-Amal leaves for al-Amal

359 Med.2011 Appendices 360 Med.2011 Appendices one Turkishmember. one Israeli one and with the commission, which will include On 3 August Israel says it will cooperate former Prime Minister Geoffrey Palmer. the on Flotilla,”“Freedom Zealand New by led attack Israeli the investigate to commission independent an tablish es- to decision his announces General • Israel A • West authorisation. without Bank the in settlement Jewish a ter and kills a Palestinian attempting to en- • border. Gaza the at Israelis by fired shots by injured are people seven and killed is • Gaza. with border the at Tsahal by fired shots by injured five • involved. leaders military dence to proceed with trials against the evi- enough find not does it although poor planning and operational mistakes, by marked was Flotilla” “Freedom the on attack the that recognising report a • Parties the between Conflicts process. peace geant Shalit, in an attempt to restart the Ser- release to Hamas and blockade Gaza the to end an put to Jerusalem asks Ashton Catherine EU the of ative rael and Palestine, the High Represent- • Israelis. and ians direct peace talks between the Palestin- George and forward push to attempt an in Mitchell, Netanyahu Benjamin Abbas, Mahmoud with meetings rate sepa- holds Mubarak Hosni President • Palestinians. the talks”direct hold to moment the is with “this that states Netanyahu which after Washington in meet Obama Barack ary. On 6 July Benjamin Netanyahu and Febru- since talks peace US-mediated jures 11 people. 11 jures at launched rocket Ashkelon, kills a Hamas militant and in- a to response

ugust 2010 ugust On On July 30 On July 22 On On July 13 On July 12 On July 19 On On 21 July an Islamic Jihad militant militant Jihad Islamic an July 21 18 July in Cairo the Egyptian Egyptian the Cairo in July 18 Ags te N Secretary- UN the August 2 , on an official visit to Is- to visit official an on , the Israeli army releases army Israeli the one person is killed and killed is person one an air strike on Gaza, in Gaza, on strike air an h Irei ry shoots army Israeli the • from the “Freedom Flotilla” to Turkey. • 1989. in Israel to deserted who pilot Syrian a of kidnapping the ning for Syria. They are also accused of plan- spying for Heights Golan the in siding re- citizens two and citizen raeli Arab-Is- an to sentences prison hands • • factory.weapons alleged an force air Israeli bombs three secret the tunnels in Rafah August and 18 On injured by mortar shells fired from Gaza. • Parties the between Conflicts expires. 2009 in Israel by decreed moratorium the when September, 26 settlement construction is renewed after if table negotiating the from withdraw will Palestinians the that warns Erekat Saeb negotiations the for delegation September. The head of the Palestinian in Washington in place take will which the first direct peace talks in two years, initiate to agree Abbas Mahmoud and • PeaceNegotiations fuelneeded to operate the plant. cuse one another of failing to pay for the PNA and Hamas governments, who ac- the between dispute administrative an tricity, shuts down. The closure is due to which provides a third of the Strip’s elec- • Palestine waters. restricted vading in- for boat fishing Lebanese a on fire • tempts to uproot a tree in no man’s land. soldiers when an Israeli border patrol at- Lebanese and Israeli between fighting • Israel 2010 September Hamas. al-Qassam Brigades, the armed wing of Westthe the by in Bank Arba, Kiryat in 60 Highway on driving while killed and

On On On August 31 On On August 20 On On August 7 On On On 7 August Gaza’s only power plant, 5 August Israel returns three ships 17 August two Israeli soldiers are 3 August four people are killed in Spebr h Rsin De- Russian the September 6 5 August a court in Nazareth Nazareth in court a August 5 the Israeli navy opens navy Israeli the Benjamin Netanyahu Benjamin four Israelis are shot are Israelis four • August. 31 on Bank West the in Arba Kiryat in attack the following Bank, West its the in of members 35 arrested has PNA the that • Gaza. into imports vehicle vate announces its decision to authorise pri- • Iran. and Syria to fore by Moscow’s decision to sell arms be- years damaged relations, improve in Moscow. Both countries agree to try to agreement cooperation military a sign Barak Ehud counterpart Israeli his and Serdyukov Anatoliy Minister fence • Palestine aboard. activists Jewish nine from with sail Famagusta set that catamaran bound of detention the reports • eration Treaty (NPT), by 51 votes to 46. rael to adhere to the Nuclear Non-Prolif- Is- force to resolutionArab-sponsored Atomic Energy Agency votes against the • tions and one vote against from the US. report by 30 votes in favour, 15 the absten- approves Council Rights Human lacks impartiality. On 29 September the report the that claims UN the to ative cealing evidence. The Israeli represent- operate with the investigation and con- law” and accuses Israel of failing to co- human of rights law and international violations humanitarian “grave stituted Ki-moon, concludes that the attack con- in August by the Secretary General Ban tilla” alongside the committee appointed Flo- “Freedom the on attack the tigate the UN Human Rights Council to inves- by appointed committee independent • Negotiations Peace rap- a positions. in prochement report parties both meeting, the After factions. Palestinian tween be- talks in Damascus in meet Hamas and Fatah from representatives tions, fac- Palestinian the all with Jihad lamic Is- the by called meeting a after days jamin Netanyahu and Mahmoud Abbas and Mahmoud Netanyahu jamin peace talks for two years in direct Washington. Ben- first their begin tinians

On 22 September 22 On On On On On On On On 2 2 September Israelis and Pales- 24 September the International the September 24 19 September the Israeli army army Israeli the September 19 29 September the Israeli navy navy Israeli the September 29 6 September Hamas declares declares Hamas September 6 24 September in Gaza three three Gaza in September 24 the report by the by report the Irene , , a Gaza- h Rfh unl, n epne o a to response in tunnels, Rafah the on attack an in injured six and killed is noun after the Israeli army reports a rock Gazakills three Palestinians inBeit Ha- • Gaza. from itants in response to an attack launched mil- Hamas two injuring tunnels Rafah • Parties the between Conflicts PNA. the for umbrella political and economic an and demarcation border definitive a for push to offer de- his spite table, negotiating to the at President remain Palestinian the per- suade to unable is he Mahmoud which in with Abbas meeting a holds ell On Washington. Mitch- 30 September in Clinton Hillary meeting after efforts Mitchell’s support to Aviv Tel ar- in rives Ashton Catherine EU the of tive Representa- High the September 30 ends On made. meeting being advances any without The needs. security country’s the satisfy will and estinians Pal- the with agreement peace a ing follow- Valley Jordan in presence tary mili- Israel’s support will US the says Mitchell month moratorium. the of two a extension for exchange in “guaran- tees” Israel offer to Barak Ehud Minister Defence his and with Netanyahu meets Mitchell George tember On 29 Sep- ing the League. from Arab and hear- until response a definitive delays moratorium the the on extend to insists need Abbas table. tiating nego- the from withdraw to not Abbas asks Netanyahu renewal. Israeli an of sign no with expires Bank West the in construction on settlement moratorium • WestBank. the in construction settlement Jewish on stances regarding changes any out with- end an to comes East Middle the • el-Sheikh. Sharm in Clinton Hillary with meeting second a September Netanyahu and Abbas hold 14 On Israel. on attacks with threaten Gaza, in groups other 12 with along who have been excluded from the talks, Hamas, day, same the On weeks. two every meetings regular hold to agree • Israelin the early hours of the morning. ed

On On On On On September 16 On launched from Gaza into southern southern into Gaza from launched 10 September Israel bombs the bombs Israel 10 September 15 September one Palestinian Palestinian one September 15 12 September an air strike on on strike air an September 12 26 September the 10-month 10-month the September 26 Clinton’s tour of tour Clinton’s ­ • investigation. satisfactory a led has parties the of neither that cludes con- Lead Cast Operation during ted commit- humanity against crimes into investigations Hamas-led and raeli- Is- the monitor to Report, Goldstone the of request the at Council, Rights Human UN the by appointed experts request to build new schools in Tel al- in schools new build to request re- Nations’ to the United to respond fusal government’s Israeli the reports Templenearby the tering Mount. Wall. Wailing The Israeli police responds by the en- at stones throw crowds death, man’s young the to response which the guard was patrolling. Later, in estinians blocked and stoned the car in The incident arose after a group of Pal- guard. security a by dead shot is ality nation- Israeli with citizen Arab an after Jerusalem, East Silwan, in citizens ian between the Israeli police and Palestin- • Ashkelon. at Gaza rocket and mortar attack launched from • rusalem,beyond the 1967 Green Line. in Ramot and in Pisgat Zeev, in East Je- dersfortheconstruction 238ofhomes • toalso include Jewish applicants. Netanyahu orders the Benjamin law to October be reformed 18 On action. the 6,000 Israelis protest in Tel Aviv against Israel as a “Jewish and democratic state.” to loyaltytheir swear nationality toraeli Is- for applying applicants non-Jewish requires thatCitizenship of Law the to ters approves a controversial amendment • Lead. Cast Operation during shield human a as child tinian Pales- a using for imprisonment years’ to three soldiers three sentences court • Israel O • attack. the to response in gion re- Hanegev Sha'ar the in lands Gaza from launched rocket a September 21 Shams refugee camp, near Tulkarm. Nur On the in operation military a during wing, armed of Hamas’s leaders of the the Israeli army kills Iyad Shilbayeh, one

ctober 2010 ctober On On On On On On On On 10 October the Council of Minis- 22 September clashes break out 17 17 September in the West Bank 21 September the committee 21 of the committee September 22 October the the October 22 15 OctoberIsraellaunches15ten- 3 October an Israeli military military Israeli an October 3 Jerusalem Post Jerusalem sion of the moratorium on the Jewish Jewish the on exten- moratorium the of sion the for Netanyahu Benjamin by made demands the of one with ply com- would offer This borders. 1967 the on based map a proposes diation me- US the if State Jewish a ognise rec- to prepared be would ganisation • Negotiations Peace andthe peace talks. over the telephone and attacks the PNA Damascus from crowd the addresses leader,movement’s the Shallah, dullah the destruction of the State of Israel. Ab- Israel” and defending armed andstruggle America to and “Death chanting ment bratethe 23rd anniversary of the move- cele- to Gaza in rallysupporters Jihad • installations. military Hamas and of in the territory vicinity controlled Hamas- on located be would they that Hawa, in the south of Gaza, maintaining • Gaza. reach to it allowing thus port, Palestina Viva mission for the humanitarian aid convoy • Palestine Shabak,Israel’s the internal secret service. by May in arrested was Makhoul Hezbollah. for spying of Haifa in court a beforeguiltypleads Makhoul Amir er Committee, tells tells Committee, Executive PLO the of Secretary bo, • settlements. the halt to Israel persuade to month a US the gives it although table, negotiating the from withdrawal Palestine’s supports also It Bank. West the of all includes that State Palestinian a of creation eral unilat- the support to US the ask to al meeting in Sirte, backs Abbas’ propos- • unilateral creation of a Palestinian State. SecurityresolutionCouncilathe foron UnitedtheNationsinvetoraise itsmay US thewarningthat a issue toObama torium on the settlements, causes Barack coalition associates, to extend the mora- its and of sectors from pressure Parallel to this, Netanyahu’s refusal,alive.processpeace the under keep toeffort Benjaminlast-ditchandNetanyahua in meetrespectively with Mahmoud Abbas

On On On On On On 9 October On 29 October thousands of Islamic 27 October the Arab-Israeli writ- 13 October Yasser Abed Rab- Abed Yasser October 13 1 October Mitchell and Ashton and Mitchell October 1 13 October Egypt grants per- grants Egypt October 13 to dock at the al-Arish al-Arish the at dock to the Arab League, at a Haaretz that the or- the that

361 Med.2011 Appendices 362 Med.2011 Appendices • government. Labour ous previ- the by passed law the against protest in countries, two the between meeting high-level annual the attend to not diplomats and officials military politicians, Israeli by taken decision a with coincides pledge The soil. ish Brit- on arrested be can crimes war in participating of accused leaders raeli Is- which under on law jurisdiction, universal British the rectifying to mits com- and Lieberman Avigdor terpart coun- his with meets Hague William Minister Foreign British the Israel to • Israel N Haifa. in al-Fahm, in Jews Umm of ultra-orthodox stration demon- a against protesting citizens tween the Israeli police and Palestinian • daniya. as-Su- from rockets launch to paring pre- terrorists targeting strike air Israeli an during Gaza in killed are militants • car. his at stones throwing were who Jerusalem, East in district Silwan the in tion, runs over and injures several youths of an Israeli extreme rightwing organisa- • Bethlehem. of south Fajjar, Beit in atomosque fire set tlers • Parties the between Conflicts release. Shalit’s Gilad towards work to Hamas with tiations nego- resume will he announces yahu • State.” Jewish a recognise never “would Palestinians the that day Saeb Erekat, who declared the previous made by the chief Palestinian negotiator settlements, but contradicts statements list of national heritage sites. heritage national of list sites have to be withdrawn from Israel’s are also As mosques. a both consequence Patriarchs, the of Tomb the and Tomb Rachel’s sites, holy Jewish the organisation’s decision to consider that the against protest in UNESCO with cooperation suspend to decides ment

ove On On On On On October 8 On On On mber 2010 mber 4 4 October a group of Israeli set- 3 November the Israeli govern- Israeli the November 3 3 November on an official visit visit official an on November 3 27 October clashes erupt be- erupt clashes October 27 7 coe Bnai Netan- Benjamin October 17 17 October two Palestinian Palestinian two October 17 David Be’eri, leader Be’eri, David the absorption of 8,000 Ethiopian Ethiopian 8,000 Christian of absorption the • talks. reconciliation Palestinian the boycott to attempt an are arrests the that claims Hamas Hebron. in rested ar- was Qafaish Hatem member mas Ha- another after weeks This comes arrest 2009. May in prison in months 32 after released was and Shalit lad Gi- of kidnapping the with connection in 2006 in arrested was Ramahi lah. Ramal- el-Bireh, in Ramahi Mahmoud member Hamas and Council islative Leg- Palestinian the of President Vice • Palestiniansandmediating countries. The decision intensifies opposition from rusalem with a majority Arab population. Har Homa, a neighbourhood of East Je- in homesJewish 1,300 construction of • • Israel. of northeast the in Gundar, in camp a in located are who representatives meet in Damascus to to Damascus in meet representatives • Palestine Rajoub. Seven others are also arrested. ber and brother of the Fatah leader, Jibril Religious Affairs Minister, Hamas mem- Palestinian former the Rajoub, Nayef arrest troops Israeli Hebron of south • Dagan. Meir replace to Mossad of director new the pointed • UNIFIL. to town the over control handing Syria, and Lebanon Israel, between border the on cated lo- town a Ghajar, from troops Israeli of withdrawal the approves Ministers • peace. for neighbouring land exchanging involve that countries and government the between signed agreements ratify to necessary is referendum popular a or majority ther a parliamentary two thirds ei- which under against 33 and favour in votes 65 by bill a approves liament) • border. the control to enough doing not of the Egypt accusing crossing border, infiltrators and fickers and Israel Egypt and a holding centre to stop traf- between fence border a build to plans Israel’s announces yahu

On On On On On On On On On On On 9-10 November Fatah and Hamas 8 November Israel announces the 29 November Tamir Pardo is ap- 22 November the Knesset (par- the Knesset 22 November 10 November Israel arrests the the arrests Israel November 10 14 November Benjamin Netan- Benjamin November 14 14 November Israel approves approves Israel November 14 17 November the Council of of Council the November 17 30 November in Dura to the the to Dura in November 30 Falash Muras of Jewish origin, • PeaceNegotiations Bank. Westthe in Fatah of that with Gaza in Hamas-rununifythe security apparatus meetingfailsachieveto itsmainaim:to The talks. reconciliation with continue illegalmosque. stones in protest at the demolition of an of Rahat clash with Israeli police throwing • in a plan to kidnap Israeli citizens in Sinai. both al-Nimnim and Islam were involved sources,Israeli to AccordingGaza. on his brother, are killed in an Israeli air strike ranking militant in the Army of Islam, and high- another Yassin, Islam November attacksonIsrael inrecent years. On17 various orchestrated al-Nimnim Jamal an Israeli air strike on Gaza. Mohammed killedHamas,inrivalis of a Qaeda and al- to linked group terrorist a Islam, of • Conflicts between the Parties provinga new moratorium. against Netanyahu’s consideration of ap- On 21 November 4,000 settlers protest cussed in the dis- meeting on 11 had November. Clinton and Netanyahu that pointmoratorium, theaJerusalem from include Israel’s demands to exclude East ering that Washington’s pledge does not moratorium in the West Bank, on discov- on a new 90-day settlement construction vote Cabinet’sSecurity Israeli the lays NovemberBenjamin17 Netanyahu de- ton’sproposal tothe Israeli cabinet. On Washing-presents Netanyahu vember stop its nuclear programme. On 14 No- to Iran on pressure and Council curity veto on anti-Israeli resolutions in the Se- US the Palestinians, the with reached isagreement peace a ifagreement rity extensive bilateral secu- an jets, fighter F-35 20 of delivery the includes that Benjamin Netanyahu a series of pledges offers Clinton Hillary freeze, struction con- settlement its of extension Israeli • Israel D the construction of 625 new homes in in homes new 625 of construction the

ece On On On On On mber 2010 mber 7 November Bedouins in the town 3 November a leader of the Army 11 November in exchange for an 1 December Israel authorises authorises Israel December 1 Al-Jazeera, the • tional Quartet, is merely a publicity stunt. that the measure, praised by the Interna- and agricultural products. Hamas claims goodsmanufactured of exportslowing al-blockade,Gaza the ease will it that • froma pipe in the forest. responsible for the fire after leaving coals being to confesses Ussafiya from man young a December 6 On catastrophe. andpreparation to deal with this kind of mentfor the country’s lack of resources trol.oppositionThe blamesgovern-the December the fire 5 is brought On under Haifa. con- to leading highways eral 17,000 forcing to evacuate and cutting off ground, sev- the to Kibbutz Oren Beit the razing control of out burns fire calls for international cooperation as the Km² of forest land. Benjamin Netanyahu the worst in Israel’s history, destroyed 50 overturns. The fires, described as one of MountCarmel arekilled whentheir bus workersbeingevacuated on fire afrom • Gilo. of district neighbouring after authorising 130 new homes in the Pisgat Zeev, in East Jerusalem, two days its decision to suspend one of its strong- • Lead. Cast Operation of anniversary second the with ciding coin- Gaza, on offensive Israeli fresh a estinian reconciliation and thereby avoid Pal- achieve to efforts its accelerate to • Palestine Presidentand Minister of Tourism. as termsemployees,varioushis during and other sex crimes committed against rape ofcases twoTelfor AvivofCourt sav sentenced to 16 years in prison bytrial the sees the former President Moshe • Kat- of theinfiltrations have affected Israel. larly that of the US, but until now very few several governments worldwide, particu- 250,000cables thathaveembarrassed months recent In Dubai. in Mabhouh al moud assassination of the Hamas leader Mah- conflict with Hezbollah and with January’s Israel,especially relation2006inthe to andcontroversial documents thataffect containingcablespublish3,700secret Assange reveals that his portal is soon to

On On On On On On 23 December in an interview with 27 December Fatah asks Hamas 30 December30 unprecedentedan 28 December Fatah announcesFatahDecember 28 2 December at least 40 prison 40 least at December 2 8 December Israel announces announces Israel December 8 WikiLeaks WikiLeaks has filtered over over filtered has founder Julian are killed and an Israeli soldier injured soldier Israeli an and killed are • territory.Palestinian on the immediate end to Israeli settlements demands that Council Security UN the before resolution a present to decided has process, peace the for negotiator Palestinian chief the Erekat, Saeb that • settlements. Jewish of sion the increasing evictions and the expan- residents, local by suffered conditions poor the against are protests The tion. popula- Arab majority a with Jerusalem East in neighbourhood a Movement, Solidarity Jarrah Sheikh the by called demonstrators and police Israeli the in Issawiya, in East Jerusalem, between • PeaceNegotiations hemisphere. theWestern in kind its of first the zil, a Palestinian embassy in Brasilia, in Bra- of opening the announce Silva, da Lula and his Brazilian counterpart, Luiz Inácio • militarycoup attempt on the PNA. alleged an as well asfortune, Dahlan’s launcheddetermineto thelegitimacy of investigation internal an pending tivity, Mohammed Dahlan, from all political ac- Gazaformersecurityfor chiefthemen, • Gaza. the separation fence between Israel and were trying to plant explosive devices at death of two Islamic Jihad militants, who • Parties the between Conflicts respectively.December 11 Initiative Follow-up Committee on 8 and with Hosni Mubarak and the Arab Peace Cairo in meets who President Abbas, Mahmoud Palestinian the with talks ing with Saeb Erekat, as well as private December Clinton holds another meet- 10 On talks. peace re-launch to tempt at- an in Mitchell George and Clinton Hillary with Washington in meetings raeli negotiating team Isaac Molho holds • Diaspora. the and Bank West the Gaza, in Palestinians by referendum a in approved were it accept a peace agreement with Israel if to willing be would Hamas that clares

On 9 December 9 On December 1 On December 31 On December 29 On On 11 December 11 On December 3 On On 2 December the army reports the Ismail Haniyeh de- Haniyeh Ismail the head of the Is- the of head the clashes break out break clashes the press reports press the Mahmoud Abbas Mahmoud two Palestinians two • Gaza. and Israel during a gunfight on the border between United Nations News Centre News Nations United YorkNew The Times RTVE Novosti Ria Reuters Liberty Radio / Europe Free Radio EU the of Presidencies gian Press Releases of the Spanish and Bel- mission Com- European the of Releases Press TEIM Electoral Observatorio News Medarab L’OrientJour Le Monde Le Figaro Le IRIS work Net- Security & Relations International Group Crisis International Sera della Corriere Il Haaretz FRIDE Monitor Media Europe Euronews País El Mundo El International Courrier House Chatham Peace International for Endowment Carnegie WorldBBC Press Associated Al-Jazeera EFE Agencia Stratégiques Affaires Sources fence. separation the near explosives plant to attempting Israeli soldiers in Khuza'a in Gaza, while Islamic Jihad, are killed in a gunfight the with with linked Brigades, al-Quds the • the separation fence in the West Bank. against protest in Bilin in soldiers raeli Is- with clash Claus Santa as dressed • December. 20 on Israel southern into are in response to shells fired from Gaza and a secret smuggling tunnel in Rafah, Jabalia, Beit Lahia, Beit Hanoun, Zeitoun Khan on Younis. attack This and another five attacks on Israeli an in injured are Brigades al-Qassam Ezzedeen the

On 26 December 26 On On On 21 December 24 December 80 Palestinians Palestinians 80 December 24 two militants from two members of members two

363 Med.2011 Appendices 364 Med.2011 Appendices Local Assembly (ARLEM) gathers rep- gathers (ARLEM) Assembly Local and Regional Euro-Mediterranean the Barcelona: ARLEM 2010 January 20-21 en/10/cm01/cm01052.en10.pdf http://register.consilium.europa.eu/pdf/ the and 2010. for programme working Secretariat Permanent the of Statutes the of adoption the on sion discus- a includes meeting UfM the for of Pedralbes in Barcelona. The agenda Palace Royal the in established be will Secretariat The UfM. the of Secretariat Permanent the of General Secretary designated is Masa’deh Ahmad dor Ambassa- Jordanian the (UfM), ranean Mediter- the for Union the of meeting Brussels: UfM 2010 January 12 www.eu2010.es Community.the of life the in participation citizen of promotion the and freedoms;” and rights of “Europe a of development the order; national sible andsupportiveplayerintheinter- the strengthening of its role as a respon- ing a sustainable and balanced growth; ing from the economic crisis and achiev- gramme tackles the process of recover- pro- Presidency’s Spanish The clause. solidarity the and Service Action nal tions in the implementation of the Exter- institu- new the Treaty,supporting the to assure a fast and full enforcement of Lisbon Treaty. the is priority Presidency’s new The of force into coming the dency at a key moment for Europe with Brussels: EUSpanish Presidency 2010 January 1 January Process Barcelona the of Chronology Chronologies During the Senior Officials Officials Senior the During pi tks vr h Presi- the over takes Spain The first official meeting of meeting official first The is the first of 40 Countries engaged in engaged Countries 40 of first the is the Action Plan on human rights. Jordan EU, participants review the progress of Subcommittee between Jordan and the Democracy and Governance Rights, Amman: Rights Human 2010 January 27 UfM. the of institution liamentary for 2010 and projects, as a legitimate par- Programme Working UfM the of racy and will monitor the implementation essential tool for strengthening democ- an is EMPA the that reiterates also It Statutes. Secretariat UfM the adopt to bly highlights the urgency for all partners Assem- The UfM. the of General retary nomination of Ahmad Masa’deh as Sec- the celebrate officially (EMPA) sembly As- Parliamentary Euro-Mediterranean the of representatives Senate, danian Rabat: EMPA 2010 January 22 and www.cor.europa.eu small for enterprises. medium-sized support and ciety so- information decentralisation, ment, develop- territorial and urban cludes in- 2010 for programme ARLEM The (CoR). Regions of Committee the of Mediterranean rim, as well as members the of countries and States Member EU the from representatives regional and local of numbers equal of consists ex- the to change of best practice. The Assembly contributing for tool a as and region the in democracy local ing logue, both as an instrument for foster- dia- Euro-Mediterranean to impetus Mediterranean. ARLEM will lend added the of shores three the from thorities au- regional and local and institutions European the UfM, the of resentatives Under the Presidency of the Jor- In the fifth round of the Human Madrid EU-Jordan 2010 January 27 en.pdf 2010_2701__human_rights_subcom_ http://eeas.europa.eu/jordan/docs/ rights. women’s and sion expres- of freedom media, the of dom free- framework, electoral the of form re- the as such reforms, home-grown addresses Jordan with dialogue rights human The ENP. the of context the in EU the with discussions rights human meeting brings together delegations delegations together brings meeting The steps. next the pro- plan and gramme work 2009-2010 the menting meets to assess the progressin imple- Cooperation Industrial Mediterranean Euro- on Party Working The Brussels: Enterprise 2010 February 10-11 East. Middle laboration with Catherine Ashton in the col- in process peace the and Africa; North in Egypt with relations proved im- and status advanced Morocco’s of development the neighbours: southern and eastern its with relations Europe’s in Presidency Spanish the of priorities the announces Moratinos Minister eign For- Spanish meeting, Affairs Foreign Brussels: During the EP Committee on Affairs Foreign 2010 February 4 February 2010. June in expires one current the after EU, the and Jordan between Plan Action new the in included be to status advanced an of possibility the discuss to meet Jordan of Abdullah King and Zapatero The :

Spanish Prime Minister Minister Prime Spanish ters hold their second meeting to discuss Rabat: Agreement 2010 February 17-18 region. the and EU the between cooperation business enhancing of importance the and lems prob- migration-related pollution, ling and Israel, point out the urgency of tack- and Palestine including countries, Mashreq Maghreb the from councils the of presidents the meeting, the During UfM. the in organisations society civil of participation robust more a for tions the Euromed region discuss the founda- nomic and Social Councils (ESCs) from Brussels: EESC 2010 February 17-18 12579_DRRWSAgendaENG.pdf www.unisdr.org/preventionweb/files/ response. than rather of risk mitigation focusing on prevention risk to disaster and analyse the concept pants examine the circumstances linking partici- meeting, the During level. local and regional the at reduction risk aster dis- reinforce to order in Countries ner Part- the of Authorities Protection Civil the from officials high-level to dressed ad- is in workshop The Protection.” Civil Methodologies and Reduction: Risk Mechanisms “Disaster entitled ganises a training workshop with the EC Man-made Disasters (PPRD South) or- and Natural to Response and edness ship Programme for Prevention, Prepar- Cairo: Protection Civil 2010 February 10-11 nal_report_en.pdf international/files/2010_02_10_11_fi- http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/ development. industrial sustainable and clothing and textiles innovation, access, market promotion, investment Enterprise, for Charter an gramme, namely: the Euro-Mediterrane- pro- work the in included areas six the in progress future upon decisions take and information exchange Participants projects. and organisations national inter- associations, business including public and private sectors represented, both with UfM, and the of members other States Member EU Partner Countries, Mediterranean the all from The Euro-Mediterranean Partner- Agadir Agreement TradeMinis- Agreement Agadir The EESC and heads of Eco- the UMCE-BusinessMed, within the the within UMCE-BusinessMed, the Tunis Women 2010 February 24-25 initiative. de-pollution 2020 Horizon the in tion contribu- concrete a is facility budget assistance technical The tervention. in- financial international for standards required the meet that frastructures in- reduction pollution of planning the in Countries Partner help to euros lion 6.2 mil- the EC provide will (EIB) Bank Investment European the from ments commit- loan With programme. the of phase second the approves EU the – Facility (MeHSIP PPIF) Implementation and Preparation Project – Programme Investment Spot Hot Mediterranean Brussels: Environment 2010 February 22 meeting. the of conclusions final dium Enterprises is recommended in the Arab Business Council for Small & Me- bilitation. The establishment of the Euro- reha- and development in SMEs with assist to sides both on governments ing programmes and funds launched by exist- the of benefits the maximise to is objective The sector. SME the in tions na- Arab and European between ships partner- existing and collaboration ing EU. The meeting is aimed at strengthen- the and League Arab the of operation prises (SMEs) takes place with the co- Enter- Medium and Small Support to Damascus: SMEs 2010 February 20-22 www.agadiragreement.org ment. Agree- the with accordance in origin of rules Euromed the with proceeding and laws; other and trade coordinate to indicators performance with agenda an setting Agreement; Agadir the with accordance in integration commercial and industrial encouraging vestments; in- and exchanges facilitating include resolutions The area. Euromed the in opportunities and advantages provided ing the private sector in to benefit from the forward encourag- and objectives its achieving project EU-funded the driving at aim that approved are tions trade cooperation. A number of resolu- : A forum takes place organised by Thanks Thanks to the success of the The Euro-Arab Conference ised by the Andalusian Fund of Muni of Fund Andalusian the by ised of Local Authorities takes place, organ- Cordoba: LocalAuthorities 2010 March 2-3 ENP. the of framework the within ronment, change, transport, energy and the envi- climate like areas in projects support its neighbours. Funding is also given to economic reforms between the EU and and political support and cooperation cross-border and regional reinforce to order in 2011-2013 period the for ros Brussels: Neighbourhood 2010 March 2 March www.euromedheritage.net Euromed the region. within development on and impact its their healthy heritage cultural concerning society civil lising mobi- in practice good and odologies meth- theories, latest the present to cultural tourism and education youth, heritage, of field the in professionals and authorities national society, civil from actors 100 around for platform programme. 4 Heritage Euromed the of conference regional the and workshop training a Palermo: Heritage 2010 February 24-25 www.invest-in-med.eu portunities. possibilities of generating business op- and forum the of outcomes final the of summary financing, SME and access; market better promote to opportunities new and tools appropriate SMEs; for horizons new opening programmes al in three sessions: networking and divided region- is forum The business. in women of participation the boosting at women within the Mediterranean” aimed for opportunities new create entitled: to “How CNFCE-UTICA, and GTZ with collaboration in and project Med in Invest EU-funded the of framework of the EU-Morocco Summit with regard contributing to establishing the contents (FAMSI). The aims of the Forum include cip alities for International Solidarity Solidarity International for alities The EU allocates 3 billion eu- Euromed Heritage presents presents Heritage Euromed The first EU-Morocco Forum EU-Morocco first The

h eet rvds a provides event The ­

365 Med.2011 Appendices 366 Med.2011 Appendices Barcelona: Barcelona: ALF 2010 March 4-7 approved. are Secretariat Permanent of the the Statutes Meeting, ior Official a Sen- in 3 March, On Masa’deh. mad Ah- General, Secretary its of entation pres- the and UfM the Permanent of the Secretariat of inauguration cial offi- the attend authorities local as other well as Fule, Stefan Policy, hood sioner for Enlargement and Neighbour- Commis- European the Moussa, Amr of the General Arab League, Secretary the Jordan, and Egypt France, Spain, Barcelona: UfM 2010 March 4 www.commed-cglu.org Morocco. and governments EU cal development of an agenda involving lo- the and cooperation decentralised in increase an as well as territories, these of governments local for issues key to logical sectors . logical techno- and industrial the in projects financing in EIB, the including tutions, for greater involvement of financial insti- ask they and Morocco of Kingdom the phase of relations between the EU and new the to bring can they that value added the highlight they declaration transport and infrastructure. In their final The energy,renewable on focuses meeting Morocco. and EU the between relations economic discuss to summit a hold entrepreneurs Moroccan and Granada: Enterprise 2010 March 6 www.euromedalex.org values. shared in confidence restoring for roadmap a common on agree Participants gion. reli- and migration coexistence, tion, the collabora- artistic concern education, of: fields workshops and ses- sions plenary debate, of topics The main projects. and partnerships develop new and ideas the share to have chance and together brought are na- ALF of the networks society civil the tional time first the For (ALF). tion Founda- Lindh Anna the by organised forum the during dialogue tercultural in- on practices good share UfM the of countries 43 the from organisations For the first time, European European time, first the For Foreign Ministers from from Ministers Foreign Over

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civil society society civil Neighbourhood Policy Action Plan in in Plan Action Policy a Neighbourhood on agreed EU the and Egypt after tion. The political dialogue was launched discrimina- minority and religious and intolerance tackle to Egypt in and EU the in taken steps and association and expression democracy,of and freedom Egypt and the EU discuss human of rights representatives meeting, dialogue Brussels: Rights Human 2010 March 10-11 www.ciheam.org of areas. rural development economic the mote crop and livestock production and pro- prove food safety and security, im- increase to order in farmers for availability water of importance the underscore they taken, be to actions the Among region. Mediterranean the in duction pro- agricultural on change climate of effects the discuss Countries Member Ministers of Agriculture of the CIHEAM Istanbul: Agriculture 2010 March 8 / r f / a t a d s s e r p / s c o d er/113200.pdf / a t a D _ s m c www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/ Sahara. the and immigration sue, the UfM, the situation in the Sahel, is- political East Middle the namely: questions, certain discuss also pants Partici- status. advanced the of aims the achieve to content operational an they agree on giving the new document the current action plan expires in 2010, As networks. energy and transport an trans-Europe- with connections the of improvement needs; energy country’s the of 42% meet to aims that plan lar so- the from national starting energies, renewable and green of development establishment; of right and in services trade on restrictions 2011-2013; Morocco under the ENPI for the period to funds additional substantial, of ity availabil- programmes; EU in Morocco of participation Committee; liamentary Par- Joint EU-Morocco an of creation areas: following the in forward moving to commit sides Both status. ad- vanced the of adoption the after eration a establishes roadmap for future coop- Granada: Granada: EU-Morocco 2010 March 7 During their 8th Meeting, the Meeting, 8th their During During the 3rd annual political The EU-Morocco Summit Summit EU-Morocco The www.euromedgenderequality.org against violence. fight gender-based and women and men between equality ensure rights, man hu- improve to established are orities Pri- the Process. Istanbul the to of follow-up implementation the ensuring and CEDAW boosting to section a dedicated include also They ticular. par- in women of those and in general rights human strengthen to made has each efforts the and country each of framework judicial and legal the of assessment the allow that presented are reports national nine The tries. coun- partner the of each in women of the situation the of on out carried results analyses the validate and ine exam- to table round a hold countries Euromed northern and southern from representatives Region,” Euromed the in Women and Men between ity Equal- “Enhancing programme funded Brussels: Women 2010 March 15-17 the for (PA-UfM). Union Mediterranean the of Assembly tary to Parliamen- name its EMPA changes the occasion this On time. first the for as members of the UfM, Montenegro, join the Assembly and immigration Croatia and flows. issues ronmental envi- tackling promotion, rights and human democracy are Presidency ture until Italy 2011. March to Presidency EMPA the over hands Jordan consensus. achieve not does EIB the of branch iterranean into Investment the (FEMIP) Med- and Partnership Euro-Mediterranean for Facility the transform to proposal The secretariat. permanent a up sets and budget the operational first its approves undermines also that Assembly The solution. two-state policy ing build- settlement dangerous a as lem Jerusa- East in projects housing raeli Is- new East condemning Process, Middle Peace the on focuses EMPA Amman: EMPA 2010 March 13-14 activities. joint environmental and energy industrial, economic, to research scientific from eration in a number of fields of activities, coop- for framework policy a as 2007 The The 6th plenary session of the In the framework of framework the In

The priorities of the fu- the of priorities The

the EU- the www.eumedconnect2.net people. million 250 over Gulf, potentially serving a population of structures in the Mediterranean and the e-Infra- of sustainability long-term a of important step towards the achievement development in universities. It marks an and research scientific is in investment (ASREN) creating at aimed is ASREN launched. Network Education world, the Arab Scientific Research and Arab the across e-Infrastructures able sustain- help to aimed meeting, policy Brussels ICT 2010 March 31 http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/taiex providers. service Internet and cies agen- enforcement law the of sibilities respon- on focus and framework, legal phenomenon of the cybercrime, beneficiary discuss present the to are the aims The of country. authority tional na- or ministry respective the by nated nomi- participants 245 gathers It tries. the legal tools in the ENPI South coun- discuss to cybercrime against fight the ment (TAIEX) organises a workshop on instru- Exchange Information and ance Cairo TAIEX 2010 March 30-31 regionandissues related totheUfM. the in security cooperation, technical ously proposed previ- by Tunisia, financial status, and advanced the cussed: justice. employment, integration, businesses and 2013 will be spent in four priority areas: 2011- period the for eurosmillion 240 of budget The (NIP). Programme tive derstanding on the new National Indica- Stefan Fule signs a memorandum of un- Commissioner for Enlargement and ENP Tunis: EU-Tunisia 2010 March 30 rights. human over concern rect peace talks and expresses the EU’s calls on Syria and Israel to resume indi- Agreement Association the and to resume EU-Syria negotiations on region the in influence EU’s the boost to Al-Assad President meets Ashton Damascus: EU-Syria 2010 March 16 : The EU-funded Technical Assist- During his first visit to Tunisia,

h floig ois r dis- are topics following The : During the third high-level high-level third the During : EU High Representative Representative High EU . . She also also She

EU pdf www.episouth.org/doc/Agenda_final. zoonoses. emerging cross-border and populations migrant in diseases able epidemic intelligence, vaccine prevent- cross-border epidemiology, applied networks in reference to training in field/ health public by provided value added ence focuses on the role played and the Mediterranean and Balkans. The confer- the in Health Public and Diseases ble Communica- on Conference EpiSouth co- the attend – Network EpiSouth funded EU the in countries of Health of Ministries and Institutes Health Public National from officers and ganisations or- international from representatives Rome: Health 2010 April 21-23 www.medaquaministerial2010.net/ droughts and floods. like phenomena extreme and change to common water issues such as climate alsoopportunityan discussto solutions is meeting Themanagement. water on elaborationthecommon documenta of Palestinian “occupied territories” prevents andIsraeli blocs overreference a tothe disagreementever,a between Arabthe MediterraneanHow-the (SWM).in ter in order to approve the Strategy for Wa- as of civil society and financial institutions,theofandEC the Arab League, wellas the 43 UfM countries and representatives on Water brings together Ministers from Barcelona: Water 2010 April 13 www.euromedtransport.org esses, as well as deploying expertise. the rulemaking and standardisation proc- theEASAshould directly be involved in particularconsiderSomeinJMAA.that sential to the success and duration of the Aviation Safety Agency are felt to be es- involvement of the EC and the European sion of the workshop, deep support and Aviation Project. According to the conclu- ties Authori- Aviation Mediterranean Joint a consensus on the establishment of the JointAviation Authority Workshop reach Amman: Aviation April 7 A pril

(JM Some 200 people – experts and 2010 AA) proposed by the Euromed the byproposed AA) Participants in the 1st MEDA 1st the inParticipants The 4th Euromed Conference scrutiny of the process, which the the which process, the of scrutiny parliamentary without complete be not institutional architecture of the UfM will The Mediterranean. the for grammes pro- Mundus Erasmus the upgrading including research, and exchanges sity univer- and school teaching, to voted de- be must projects new UfM’s the of According to the resolution, a major reform. part democratic and integration in progress delayed has approach global a on than rather relations bilateral on hood Policy in the Mediterranean region It Neighbour- the building that concedes cooperation. multilateral and toral the Western Sahara must not limit sec- and Cyprus East, Middle the in those as such conflicts regional that stress Members Committee. Affairs Foreign EP the by approved been has UfM the Brussels: UfM 2010 April 30 economic growth over the next decade. EU guide will which programme, 2020 ment in the foreign aspect of the Europe Iraq. They also examine Egypt’s involve- cussed are: Sudan, Somalia, Yemen and dis- are that interest common of areas vember and finally cancelled. The other June, which was later postponed to No- the forthcoming UfM summit scheduled for and process peace East Middle and political programmes, its role in the economic social, its in Egypt by made progress the discuss to gather Gheit Aboul Minister Foreign Egyptian the ment and ENP Commissioner Fule and Enlarge- Moratinos, Minister Foreign EU-Egypt Association Council, Spanish Luxembourg: At the 6th Meeting of the EU-Egypt 2010 April 27 www.euromed-seminars.org.mt/ cooperation. regional to society civil of contribution the of importance the highlight sions conclu- Meeting’s The cooperation. civil society and the of media to Mediterranean contribution the and security balisation, trade and investment, energy glo- including issues of range a on es focus- EC, the and Studies Diplomatic of Academy Mediterranean the by ised organ- Diplomats, Euro-Mediterranean La Valletta: PoliticsSecurity and 2010 April 23-26 A resolution giving support to The The 28th Malta Seminar for

367 Med.2011 Appendices 368 Med.2011 Appendices an agreement. an first non-candidate country to sign such porting procedures to Israel. Israel is the ex- easier exporters EU offering while market, internal the of benefits certain Israel offers also agreement The ucts. prod- industrial to respect with trade cess by eliminating technical barriers to ac- market facilitate will which (CAA), Products Industrial of Acceptance and Assessment Conformity on an agreement sign Israel and EU The Brussels: EU-Israel of 2010 May 6 Chamber and Councillors). resentatives terpart (the Moroccan Chamber of Rep- coun- Moroccan its and EP the tween be- ties strengthen to is body new the of purpose The debate. ensuing the in discussed topics key the are Morocco and EU the between migration of ment of the Moroccan state, and the manage- regionalisation and democratisation on progress EU, the with status advanced Morocco’s of implementation The Fule. Commissioner by attended is (JPC) Morocco Joint Parliamentary Committee Brussels: EU-Morocco May 5-6 cle494 www.commed-cglu.org/spip.php?arti the actions. and demands future Forum’s guide will which agenda ranean Mediter- regional a of construction the Secretary in progress to and UfM; the of General new the with contact lish estab- to June; in Barcelona in held be to Government and State of Heads of spectives ahead of the 2nd UfM Summit gional authorities to share different per- re- and local allow should meeting The area. Euro-Mediterranean prosperous more balanced, better a of struction con- the to authorities territorial the of contribution the ensuring at aims nean Mediterra- the of Authorities Regional Barcelona: LocalAuthorities 2010 May 2-3 May UfM. the of assembly parliamentary the the EMPA, which in turn should become to devolved be should says resolution The The 2nd Forum of Local and official launch of the EU- ­ Brussels: EU-Turkey 2010 May 10 www.eib.org grids. existing into sources energy renewable from generated ity electric- the of integration and opment encourage energy efficiency; and devel- ic and financial framework; innovation to regulatory,institutional, econom- an of: importance the and Mediterranean the ferent facets of the energy challenge in dif- the on focus sessions Conference The operators. grid and experts ergy en- institutions, financial international sector, fund managers, top officials from private the of representatives together brings meeting The Region. iterranean Med- the in energy of issue the tackles Valencia: FEMIP 2010 May 10 ergy for their social and economic de- economic and social their for ergy southern Mediterranean need clean en- the of countries that affirms Oettinger Energy for Commissioner European the Plan, Solar Mediterranean the on Valencia: Energy 2010 May 11-12 / n e / a t a d s s e r p / s c er/114363.pdf o d / a t a D _ s m c www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/ Cyprus. of Republic the Turkey between and all Member States, relations including bilateral of sation normali- the in progress of importance the and Agreement Association the to plementation of the Additional Protocol obligation of full, non-discriminatory im- Turkey’s reiterated EU The rights. en’s and strengthening of cultural and wom- minorities of protection and for spect re- rights, property for respect religion, of and expression of freedom rights, citizens’of protection effective ruption, cor- against fight the administration, lic as judicial reform and the reform of pub- such areas, several in needed still are lines that reforms and substantial efforts one provisionally closed. The and EU under- opened been have negotiating 12 35 chapters, of out stage, this at work of the negotiating process. Overall, frame- the in preparations its Turkeyin by made progress notes EU The tions. rela- EU-Turkey review to opportunity timely a provides meeting Council tion During the Ministerial Meeting The 48th EU-Turkey Associa- The 8th FEMIP Conference Conference FEMIP 8th The ate te U Erasmus EU the to partner countries Arab for Erasmus to lar simi- programme a and Erasmus nean Mediterra- a activities, these Besides universities projects. UfM on cooperate to wishing for internationalisation and support of activities concrete and practical develop to commission joint a of creation the plans agreement The Universities. UfM between laboration memorandum of understanding a for col- sign Universities Arab of sociation As- the of Hachem General Secretary and (EMUNI) University Mediterranean Portoroz: University 2010 May 13 agreement. trade detailed tive alignment and a comprehensive and more intensive political dialogue, legisla- map. The advanced statute will focus on which will be tasked to work on a road- group, working hoc ad an establish to relations through an advanced status they agree EU-Tunisian strengthen to order In Minister. Foreign Tunisian idency, the ENP Commissioner and the representatives of the EU the Spanish Pres- of participation the in with Brussels meeting Council Association 8th Brussels: EU-Tunisia 2010 May 11 demand. 2020, thus addressing both supply and by Mediterranean the around savings energy significant achieve and pacities ca- production energy renewable new of GW 20 develop should It energies. renewable of field the in cooperation stronger a towards step important an is Plan Solar Mediterranean The nean. Mediterra- southern the with flagship” “cooperation the as plan the for port velopment, thus stressing the EC’s sup- motion of equality between individuals between equality of motion recommendations encouraging the contains pro- document final forum’s The Basin. Mediterranean the within tries ciety representatives from various coun- independent organisations and civil so- from people 250 some gathers Forum Alicante: Forum Civil Euromed 2010 May 14-16 www.emuni.si discussed. are The Euro-Mediterranean Civil Euro-Mediterranean The President President Mifsud of the Euro- The EU and Tunisia hold their

pro gramme gramme tgain ht a floe te De- the followed has that stagnation political of period the with deal help to UfM the to funding extra providing tion : UfM 2010 May 20 www.eu2010.es Mediterranean. the in tourism tors to enhance the competitiveness of knowledge and sustainability innovation, as key fac- issues, other among ling, tack-conference the in participate EIB the as well as UfM the and EC the of Representatives sustainability. its sure en- and region the in industry tourism how to boost discuss the competitiveness to of the gather countries UfM the Barcelona: Tourism 2010 May 19-20 Initiative. opment and the Mediterranean Business Plan; Devel- Solar Mediterranean Energies: Alternative Highways; Land and itime De-pollution of the Mediterranean; Mar- duces proposals for four main projects: pro- meeting The UfM. the as well as dynamic, multilateral the and ENP the dynamic, bilateral the between nisms mecha- cooperation and coordination the on debate productive a encourage Multi-polar World.” The Forum seeks to a in Perspectives Development nean: Mediterra- the for Union “The discuss to countries Euro-Mediterranean the from officials and academics experts, gathers programme, European South EUISS within the framework of the ENPI with collaboration in IEMed the by ised Barcelona: Forum UfM 2010 May 17-18 www.euromed.eurosur.org countries. UfM the in respected are democracy and governance good rights, human to ensure that all commitments with regard to mechanisms applying of importance tion of Palestine. It also emphasises the an end to the occupation and colonisa- respect international resolutions and put leaders of the UfM to demand Israel that hinder the region’s stability and asks the racy requires an end to the conflicts that democ- of progress the that stresses It states. region’s the between and – – in particular between men and women A high-level seminar, organ- Ministers of Tourism from from Tourism of Ministers The EP approves a resolu- countries, in particular delegations from 43UfM the from officials of ticipation par- the to open is For’UM progress. UfM’s the with funds and stakeholders ciers, development banks, private sector a finan- familiarise ‘For’Um’to conceived organise institutions various UfM, the of co-presidency French-Egyptian Marseille: Investment 2010 May 27 note-de-presentation-en_fin.pdf www.eib.org/attachments/inframed- procurement. and parency mental social protection, impact, trans- environ- to respect with requirements minimum with compliant frastructure, in- transport and energy urban, build to projects greenfield in primarily vest in- will Fund The euros. million 385 of eastern and Mediterranean with initial commitments southern the in ments fund dedicated to invest- infrastructure largest the be will It UfM. the of facility financing first the Fund, InfraMed Infrastructure the launching a sign partnership EIB, the including stitutions, Paris Infrastructure 2010 May 26 Lieberman. Minister eign For- Israeli the with together sit to tries time it would be difficult for Arabs coun- just started only is considered “too early.” At have this Israelis and estinians when indirect negotiations between Pal- time a at conference the Holding cess. suc- complete meeting’s the ensure to the co-chairs Egypt and France, in order and EU, the of Presidency rotating the due to pressure from Spain, which holds for 7 June is postponed until November Barcelona Summit UfM 2010 May 25 States’Universities. Member the between exchanges tural cul- promoting and research school, teaching, for education of field the in ess. More funding should be expended proc- the underpinning institutions the consolidate and projects major for ing Government to provide adequate fund- toric commitment by Heads his- of Statea and require will UfM impetus the by needed fresh the resolution, the to cember 2008 Gaza conflict. According : Some of the major financial in- financial major the of Some : In the framework of the the of framework the In : The UfM Summit planned planned Summit UfM The : According to the joint declaration this declaration joint the to According the Council, depending on the agenda. from other areas may also participate in ministers while Ministers, Affairs eign Council will be coordinated by the For- tween their countries. The Quadripartite be- persons and goods of movement free of zone a create to and (HLCC) High-Level partite CooperationQuadri- Council the establish to decide non Leba- of Republic the and Jordan of Arab Republic, the Hashemite Kingdom Syrian the Turkey, of Republic the of Istanbul: TradeFree 2010 June 10 sector. private the revamp help to and products Palestinian of trade tate exports to EU markets in order to facili- Palestinian for access quota-free free, duty- granting propose to expected is estinian bilateral trade relations. The EC EU-Pal- enhance to measures discuss of National Economy Hasan Abu-Libdeh and Palestinian Minister Brussels: EU-Palestine 2010 June 10 June re- youth searchers. and organisations youth non-governmental in leaders servants, civil be will participants The countries. Mediterranean and European in ticed and policy how it is and be could prac- to- gether regarding the essentials learning of youth and exploring by ments develop- policy youth about formation in- and of knowledge exchange mutual Arab the with a aims to achieve The seminar League. cooperation in and youth, of field the in Europe of Council the and EC the between partnership text is organised in the framework of the con- Euro-Mediterranean broader the in cooperation policy youth Euro-Arab Sharm el-Sheikh Youth 2010 June May-4 31 www.for-um.org/ Secretariat. the of tablishment es- the and arrangements institutional the to pertaining developments latest the present will and budget, and ment Ministries in charge of finances, invest- The Ministers of Foreign Affairs EU Trade Commissioner Commissioner Trade EU : A training seminar on

369 Med.2011 Appendices 370 Med.2011 Appendices gration of electricity markets in the the in markets electricity of gration tinger to accelerate Oet- the process of inte- Commissioner Energy EU with in meet Tunisia and Morocco Algeria, from Ministers Energy Algiers: Energy 2010 June 20 market. labour the and literacy; women’s ing; ures in the fields of education and train- of the tion of meas- adoption migrants; integra- the rights; human for respect and democracy law, of rule the moting pro- process; peace East Middle the including Presidency, Italian the of ties priori- main the tackles PA-UfM the of of the Bureau and the Enlarged Bureau Palermo PA-UfM 2010 June 18 Mediterranean. eastern projects developed in the southern and to financing additional and level tional na- the at expertise provide will It UfM. the of scope the within launched been friendly projects around the climate Mediterranean, has of deployment port sup- to designed initiative, The (MCF). Fund Carbon Mediterranean a of tion crea- the promote and study to forces cial institutions, including the EIB, joins A group of major European public finan- Environment 17June cesses. good practices and share problems and suc- exchange know-how, transfer to experience, other’s each from learn gramme platform and the opportunity to inter-pro- an providing programmes its tional information and contact points of na- the of meeting networking a ises Cooperation programme (CBC) organ- Brussels CBC June 17-18 en.mfa turkey_-syria_-jordan-and-lebanon. high-level-cooperation-council-among- tion-on-the-esthablishement-of-the- www.mfa.gov.tr/joint-political-declara- region.” the in countries friendly and brotherly other all of participation the to open is and parties the tween be- commitments bilateral the place re- not “does mechanism quadripartite : The discussion in the Meeting : The EU-funded Cross-Border f h rgos ihn h E ad a and EU the within regions the of role essential the Policy; Environment International the of framework the in environment and energy climate, sion; Exclu- Social and Poverty Combating for Year European the of the framework within inclusion 2020 social Europe strategy; the on focuses plan working The programme. six-month its in priorities main its drafts idency Pres- Belgian The EU. the of the Council of Presidency the in Spain from over takes Belgium Treaty, Lisbon the under Presidency trio the of stitution Brussels: Presidency Belgian 2010 1July July and management. waste Sea Mediterranean the of ment versity, protection of the marine environ- biodi- of topics the includes plan work new The year. coming the for tablished solar energy and the main priorities es- ticular focus on renewable par- energies and with activities, its resumes cially offi- Water and Environment Energy, on PA-UfMCommittee The Innsbruck: PA-UfM 2010 June 28-29 www.etf.europa.eu project. the of years two next the for plan working the set and responsibilities and roles odology and approach, define activities, discuss and agree on the project meth- sectors, construction and tourism the dan, Morocco and Tunisia, representing strategies. Participants from Egypt, Jor- sectoral national specific their of the basis on project the in players key the to get commitment and ownership from on qualifications in project the Euro-Mediterranean regional its of framework the in seminar a organises (ETF) tion Founda- Training European The Turin: training and Education 2010 June 21-22 progress. assess to meetings ministerial annual of principle the as action plan for the coming years, as well concrete a out sets that signed is tion European market. A Ministerial Declara- full integration of these markets with the the towards step first the as Maghreb, In accordance with the in- the with accordance In defines the strategic priorities and finan- over three euros years. million The national 580.5 programme worth NIP 2013 Rabat: EU-Morocco 2010 July 13 en.htm http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/index_ experiences. and values of tion dissemina- and contacts derstanding, un- mutual promoting in also but tries, to the development of the partner coun- pro- grammes are important as Mundus contributions Erasmus and Tempus of the under mobility staff teaching and students and cooperation tional port of higher education reform, institu- tural action. Among these actions, sup- cul- inter-regional and agencies; EU cooperation between ENP partners and ment projects in ENP partner countries; EU and in the partner countries; invest- cooperation between local actors in the mobility; student and reform education higher expertise; and advice European 2007- 2010, namely plan promoting: reform previous through the in as same the remain 2011 programme working egy Paper 2007-2013, priorities for the Strat- Revised the to According level. inter-regional the at implemented ties activi- through Russia with Partnership Strategic the and ENP the for support 2011-2013. The IRP provides effective regional Programme (IRP) for the period lion euros available under its ENPI Inter- mil- 757.6 making is EC The Brussels: Neighbourhood 2010 July 12 processes. ning plan- health organisational or national master to participants of knowledge planning process sector and strengthening the health skills and the hancing EU delegation in Damascus aims at en- Syrian the Health Ministry in by collaboration with the organised event The well as the State Planning Commission. from the Health and other ministries, as officials at targeted methods, planning week training course on national health Damascus EU-Syria 2010 July 4-15 www.eutrio.be development. sustainable and zens; citi- (young) its of involvement greater EU and Morocco sign the 2011- Te U uprs two- a supports EU The : EC Delegation to Morocco Eneko Land- National Education and the Head of the of Minister the Finance, and Economy of Minister Moroccan Day,the Literacy Rabat: On the occasion of International EU-Morocco 2010 September 8 September strategy.literacy the and areas; remote in living populations Maroc Vert"; the strategy for integrating "Plan the with policy agricultural eas: ar- three in government Moroccan the by reform support will grants, of form roccan population. The package, in the euros for improving the lives of the Mo- nancial support package of 135 million fi- new a approves EC The Brussels: EU-Morocco 2010 August 9 http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/ justice. and police migration, logue, environment, transport, civil society dia- are funding European by covered eas ar- main the plans, action 2010 the to the general budget of the EU. According under financed be to region, iterranean Annual Action Programme for the Med- 2010 the approves EC The Brussels: EuropeAid August 4 A http://wocmes.iemed.org research. joint for networks global and regional strengthen and Studies Eastern dle formation on the state of the art in Mid- in- exchange to order in world the over tors, students and professionals from all assembles event experts, researchers, The educa- (WOCMES). Studies ern East- Middle for WorldCongress third the organises (IEMed) Mediterranean Barcelona WOCMES 2010 19-24July human protection. environmental and and rights, governance good port, sup- institutional modernisation, nomic eco- policies, social of development interest: of areas main five identifies and period the for commitments cial ugust 2010 : The European Institute of the forum provides a platform for tourism tourism for platform a provides forum The 2010). (Meditour Forum Tourism Mediterranean 4th the organise ism Tour- in Training and Innovation edge, Knowl- for Centre Euromediterranean the with collaboration in (ASCAME) Commerce of Chambers iterranean and Malaga of of the Med- Association Malaga Tourism 2010 September 23-24 en/10/cm04/cm04468.en10.pdf http://register.consilium.europa.eu/pdf/ next the summit. of preparation the and egy cludes a discussion on the water strat- in- also agenda The research. entific employment, higher education and sci- trade, development, rural and security food agriculture, of fields the in 2010 of half second the in held be to ences confer- sectoral proposed the and egy strat- water the discussing at aims ing Brussels: The UfM senior official meet- UfM 2010 September 21 exchanges. and equity private of role the with deals meeting the in the of part second The Mediterranean. financing SME on initiatives new and Mediterranean the in fi- nancing SME improve to avenues ranean, Mediter- the in financing of future the meeting, of Barcelona the conclusions key Mediterranean, the in velopments de- policy recent discusses group ing work- The (MSMEs). enterprises small and micro financing in challenges the the Euromed Charter of and Enterprise under made progress the on focuses (IEMed) Mediterranean the of stitute European In- European for the and (CEPS) Studies Centre the Industry, and Enterprise DG EC the between Brussels: Enterprise 2010 September 7 integration, especially for young adults. ties and sustainable socio-professional ing efforts to ensure learning opportuni- particularly for women, and strengthen- undertaken, actions the of extension the supporting at aims grant additional strategy.literacy Morocco’s The of tion support programme for the implementa- the for million 110 worth ing aburu sign an agreement for extra fund- : The Chamber of Commerce Commerce of Chamber The : A high-level meeting held held meeting high-level A Instrument for Democracy and Human Human and Democracy for Instrument European the by funded initiative The Morocco. in freedom press discuss to and European Moroccan media actors takes and place society civil of atives Rabat: Rights Human 2010 September 27-28 State. Lebanese the by developed already systems incentives to complement der – in or- Kafalat and banks, commercial of network its with BdL, – institutions financial appropriate the through ties facili- investment provides grant, euro million- 15 a with programme funded European- The technologies. energy invest in energy savings and to renewable want that SMEs Lebanese geting tar- window financing efficiency ergy en- an of implementation the for falat Ka- and (BdL) Liban du Banque with Beirut Energy 2010 September 24 www.he-r.emuni.si/2010/ Level. European the at Raising Standards Education and Students; Engineering and for Science Curricula in Academic and rating Innovation Entrepreneurship Incorpo- Relations; University/Industry Entrepreneurship; of University ure the Az- Euro-Arab ; Green Development; Further to Key a as Education Higher including: areas to explore meet entrepreneurs and ers research- Professors, Universities.” of and Learning the Role “Entrepreneurial to dedicated research and education higher on conference third its ganises Portoroz Education: 2010 September 23-25 development. and tiveness competi- promote to Council Tourism Mediterranean a of establishment the for proposal a include main out set The points shores. two the between cooperation open and the sector tourism of development sustainable the ration containing ideas and projects for decla- final a drafts ASCAME meeting the of end the At the area. Mediterranean in opportunities and challenges tor to share their on vision the potential players form the private and public sec- : The EU signs grant contracts contracts grant signs EU The : A seminar gathering represent- gathering A seminar Soei) Te MN or- EMUNI The (Slovenia):

371 Med.2011 Appendices 372 Med.2011 Appendices eety ulse 20 EP Pro ENP gre 2009 published recently the and Plan Action ENP EU-PA the on thoughts their discuss and present in the Gaza Strip organisations society civil Palestinian different the of tives representa- meeting, the During ciety. so- civil with Palestinian of Strip representatives Gaza the in June) in held Joint second was first (the ENP on the Consultation its holds resentative Jerusalem Neighbourhood O http://medregions.com/ energy.renewable and cies poli- maritime and water of field the in strategy European the to Commission Inter-Mediterranean the of tribution sin. It elaborates proposals for the con- Ba- Mediterranean the of communities regional the between partnership the ranean region and the strengthening of the Mediter- the in of Policy Neighbourhood future the discusses sembly As- General The 2010. September 13 on Greece in held Assembly General minutes and the Final Declaration of the the approves (CPMR) Europe of gions Re- Maritime Peripheral of Conference Inter-Mediterranean Commission of the the of session plenary The Aberdeen: Regions 2010 September 29 the country. in quality and freedom press for set measures to strengthen guarantees to recommendations and Morocco in press the of potentials and challenges the on participants between change ex- constructive a for opportunity the providing 2010, in Morocco in place take will which Society,” and “Media on dialogue national the complements and Access to Information. Press; The seminar the and Justice Profes- Ethics; sional Press; the of Code shops: work- four around is structured Rights, sioner for Home Affairs Cecilia Malm- Cecilia Affairs Home for sioner Commis- the and Fule Stefan Policy Neighbourhood and Enlargement for Tripoli EU-Libya 2010 October 4-6 October 4 ctober ss Report. ss : The Commissioner European The : : The Office of the EU Rep- EU the of Office The : 2010 ­ media-intercultural-dialogue www.euromedalex.org/news/potential- ranean. Mediter- the of shores two the across perceptions mutual in gaps bridging to 2010 and Report the contribution of journalists Lindh Anna the of outcomes the debate society civil of sentatives repre- and the media of the shores Mediterranean, two the across tions percep- public on has media the pact tural Trends,” which focuses on the im- Report on Euro-Mediterranean Intercul- Lindh “Anna 2010 the of presentation a After Region.” Euro-Mediterranean the in Relations Intercultural and dia event is organised on the theme of “Me- table round a 2010, Award Journalist Lindh Anna the of ceremony national inter- the of occasion the On Monaco: ALF 2010 October 14 population. gee tection services to the refu- Palestinian pro- social and education health, vide to to pro- meet continue its obligations to it to allow to Fund goes General UNRWA’s rest The 2008. February in launched was which PEGASE, ritory, ter- Palestinian occupied the for nism mecha- assistance EU’s the through channelled is funds the of Part Strip. Gaza the and Bank West the both in nurses and doctors teachers, for tions obliga- salary its meet Authority tinian Pales- the helping at aimed are funds extra The 2010. in people Palestinian the for aid in euros million 61.4 tional Brussels: EU-Palestine 2010 October 5 protection. national inter- and refugees on dialogue also is There trafficking. and smuggling man hu- and issues mobility-related tems, crete steps on sys- border surveillance con- includes which is signed, agenda an meeting the cooperation migration a on of agreement end the At gin. ori- of countries with cooperation and control border refugees, of protection the including issues, migration on tion coopera- advancing to paid is tention at- Particular Agreement. Framework EU-Libya an on negotiations of start of bilateral relations, two years after the the of Libyan government to discuss the state representatives meet strom h E apoe a addi- an approves EC The adequate access to basic services and their humanitarian situation by ensuring improving to contribute also will It ply. sup- food varied and regular a to provide used be will funding This Algeria. south-west in camps refugee in living food aid and to vulnerable humanitarian providing to euros million 10 allocates EC The Brussels: Refugees 2010 October 22 www.medclimatechangeinitiative.org/ model. development low-carbon a to sition change and climate lead by example of in the tran- impacts the to responses region’s the accelerate to aims project of the meeting, the establishment of the declaration final the to According EIB. Change Initiative with the support Climate of the Mediterranean the launch to Mediterranean the across from leaders Athens: Environment 2010 October 22 Freedom". of Space "Poetrya as and Change"; and Dreams of pression Ex- an as "Fiction Reality"; of pression Ex- an as Stories "Life on workshops three on views and experiences their share writers the thought,” to tribution etry and fiction as part of women’s con- ing the meeting, entitled “Narrative, po- Dur- States. Member EU of embassies (AARC) and the Cultural Services of the Outreach Cultural for Agency Algerian tion to Algeria with the assistance of the writers’ meeting,” organised by the EU Delega- “Euro-Maghreb the of work frame- the in together gather Maghreb Algiers: Culture 2010 October 18-19 Algeria. and Tunisia between network supply to the completion of the main electricity contribute as well as transformers, and electricity supply through the new lines ity in Tunisia, aims to optimise a secure ing to the growing demand for electric- high tension lines. The project, respond- of 660km of construction the through transportation electricity of velopment loan agreement with Tunisia for the de- Tunis: The EIB signs a 185 million-euro EIB 2010 October 15 15 writers from Europe and the The Greek Government invites session in Agadir (Morocco), ARLEM ARLEM (Morocco), Agadir in session Brussels: In preparation for the plenary ARLEM 2010 October 28 http://desertec.2r-itservices.com investments. and markets and social development in the MENA region eration and transmission, economic and gen- energy including themes, several addresses meeting The East. Middle the and Africa North of deserts the in energies renewable the through tricity elec- produce and to aims 2009, October community academia. The initiative, founded on 30 business arena, ering decision makers from the political entitled: “Energy form the desert,” gath- meeting annual first its holds Initiative Barcelona: Energy 2010 October 26-27 programmes. and agencies European certain with cooperation reinforced as TradeFree well hensive as Agreement, Compre- and Deep a on negotiations convergence and preparations of future regulatory progressive access, of market facilitation establishment, of right the and services in liberalisation sive nomic and trade relations via a progres- eco- in opportunities new up opening EU, the and Jordan between eration ship further expands the areas of coop- partner- status advanced The Jordan. and EU the by agreed is partnership status" "advanced the incorporating Plan Action ENP ever first the Council, Association EU-Jordan the of Meeting 9th the of occasion the On Brussels: EU-Jordan 2010 October 26 www.euromed-seminars.org.mt Region. Euromed well as gender equality and youth in the as culture, and arts the of importance the investment, and trade challenges, security including issues of range a on Diplomatic Studies and the EC, focuses of Academy Mediterranean the by ised organ- diplomats, Euro-Mediterranean Valletta:La PoliticsSecurity and 2010 October 22-25 assistance. logistical and tents tion, sanita- proper water, clean healthcare, as such relief essential of provision the The 29th Malta seminar for seminar Malta 29th The The DESERTEC Industrial Industrial DESERTEC The n collaboration. and contacts people-to-people promoting and regions, across initiatives novative in- linking projects, on-the-ground to velopment, providing new opportunities de- policy for framework enhanced an at furthering a culture of peace through for the Mediterranean. The strategy aims action plan on intercultural cooperation an and strategy regional Civilisations, of Alliance UN a on agree Participants regional meeting for the Mediterranean. first the at gather organisations tional interna- and countries, Mediterranean 40 from governments of resentatives rep- and Ministers Foreign Valletta: La Civilisations of Alliance www.cor.europa.eu/ session. plenary next Assembly’s the for priorities and Government and State of Heads of mit Sum- UfM the management, water and development urban on commissions ECOTER and SUDEV the of reports two first the discuss to meet members the main issues affecting organised and region in the Euromed society civil organised affecting issues main the of understanding greater promote to tries around the in Mediterranean order coun- and EU the from organisations society civil gathers and institutions similar Councils Social and Economic Rome: EESC November 10-12 Tadla-Azilal. of gion between re- south-eastern the and Casablanca motorway 172km a build to of euros million Port 220 and Med Tangier the enlarge to euros million 200 provide agreements The opment. the to devel- social and key economic country’s are that infrastructures port and highway major at aimed ros, eu- million 420 of total a worth loans Rabat: EIB 2010 November 10 www.unaoc.org/ process. peace East Middle the in progress spur help also may strategy the borders, across roots, civil society capacity and relations November 9 N ovember The annual Euromed summit of of summit Euromed annual The The EIB and Morocco sign two two sign Morocco and EIB The 2010

By By ulig grass- building for the cancellation of the UfM Summit Summit of UfM the cancellation the for disappointment his expresses Buzek Barcelona: UfM 2010 November 15 major of projects. implementation the and institutions its of functioning effective the for allowing Partnership, terranean Euro-Medi- the to boost strong a give the Heads of State and Government to on calls meeting Bureau The everyone. benefit would that projects on concrete cooperation effective and strong expect and need region Mediterranean Euro- the in citizens that emphasises Buzek Jerzy PA-UfM, the of meeting Rome: PA-UfM 2010 November 12 http://trade.ec.europa.eu cooperation. sectoral enhancing and region; ranean and counterfeiting in the Euro-Mediter- tion in the area of fighting against piracy vestment relations; reinforcing coopera- in- and trade Euro-Mediterranean on operation with the business community co- enhancing operational; mechanism facilitation investment and trade nean year 2011: making the Euro-Mediterra- the for priorities of list a on agree and 2011 for programme working the cuss dis- Participants investment. and trade Euro-Mediterranean boost and gration out in 2010 to enhance economic inte- ters of the UfM review the work carried Ministerial Conference, 43 Trade Minis- Brussels: UfM 2010 November 11 www.eesc.europa.eu creation. and job as a for factor competitiveness training vocational Mediterranean, the around development sustainable and work decent as such themes crucial visiting experts from the region examine and stakeholders society civil of range diverse A UfM. the within status body consultative seek to agree and sembly As- Society Civil future the for statute a adopt Participants discussion. the is civil society at iterranean the heart of of an for and assembly European Med- nomic and The social realities. creation eco- of awareness mutual enhance to On the occasion of the Bureau the of occasion the On During the 9th UfM Trade Trade UfM 9th the During The EP President Jerzy Jerzy President EP The

373 Med.2011 Appendices 374 Med.2011 Appendices cal dialogue; the creation of a network a of creation the dialogue; cal range of tools, including-regional politi- tions will be developed thanks to a wide Ac- for Framework the that agree ters Minis- 2008. on Marrakesh in adopted Work, Decent and Employability ment, Employ- on Actions for Framework the reinforce regional political dialogue and to priorities political new discuss UfM the of Ministers Employment and bour Brussels: At their 2nd Conference, La- UfM 2010 November 21-22 years EuroMeSCo Secretariat for the next two ranean, has appointed the IEMed as the Mediter- the in security and policy on gether 90 of the main research centres to- brings which network, This work. net- EuroMeSCo the and IEMed the ranean. The conference is organised by Mediter- the for Union the advance to Secretariat UfM the of work the tivate ac- and East Middle the in peace build dialogue, political recover to need the Cooperation of shown has Mediterranean” the Across Paths New 15: + Barcelona: EuroMeSCo 2010 November 19 programme. SIGMA the under tries Coun- Partner the in reforms ernance addressed to support advances of is gov- allocation the of rest The gramme. pro- TAIEX the through rules EU with legislations national Countries’ of Partner approximation and harmonisation the support to intended is part other An- programme. Mundus Erasmus the of framework the in countries partner neighbouring the and EU the between cooperation education higher fostering mobility of students and academic staff, for support will funding the of Most 2011. Programme Action ter-regional In- ENPI the adopts EC The Brussels: Neighbourhood 2010 November 17 region. the in people the help to energy, advance should and food water, as such es resourc- of scarce distribution the and pollution of reduce to building measures roads, the including projects, Euromed to his declaration, According Government. and State of Heads the for November of 21 the for scheduled The conference “Barcelona Moroccan Parliament has set up a com- skirts of El Ayoun. While noting that the out- the in camp protest the mantling dis- at aimed forces security roccan of people were killed during a raid by Mo- number unknown yet as an when demn the violent events of 8 November, the con- on strongly MEPs Sahara, Western resolution a In Strasbourg: Rights Human 2010 November 25 supply.ergy en- EU the of security the reinforcing and market; gas natural the in main player the of competitors to capacity available import resulting the all ing operation of the internal market by mak- competitive the encouraging supplies; diversifying by: Spain in demand gas growing the meeting to contribute will between Algeria and Spain. The project pipeline gas a of construction the for tract of 500 million euros with MEDGAZ con- financial a signs EIB The Madrid: EIB 2010 November 23 impossible. solution to peace and threaten obstacle to make a two-state an constitute law, tional interna- under illegal are settlements that out points Ashton Catherine ative in East Jerusalem. The High Represent- particularly activities, settlement going on- the and progress of lack current the discuss Ministers Foreign process, peace the to regard With Lebanon. for TribunalSpecial the for EU the of port sup- full the reaffirms also Council The law. of rule the respect to and sensus con- of spirit the in dialogue in engage elections, and calls democratic on parties to further of wake the in tablished es- Hariri, Minister Prime by National led Unity of Government the to port sup- full its reaffirms council The East. Middle the in and Lebanon in situation deals with several themes including the Brussels: Affairs Foreign 2010 November 22 Union_for_the_Mediterranean.pdf www.eutrio.be/files/bveu/101122-PR- actors. opment devel- private and public by promotion projects and projects; cooperation eral bilat- initiatives; thematic issues; ment employ- on specialists and experts of The Foreign Affairs Council Council Affairs Foreign The and disappearances. and deaths events, the on investigation ent independ- and international to an launch body appropriate most the is UN mittee of enquiry, MEPs believe that the Brussels: Brussels: Elections 2010 December 6 www.euromedalex.org level. gional re- and national local, the at projects veloping and implementing intercultural de- for mechanisms support and tools of development the as well as region, the of areas different the within ment develop- network society civil to tion December 2 position activists. position op- of arrests and restrictions media stations, polling into representatives independent observers and candidates’ as ported, for access well as restricted re- been have irregularities parliamentary elections, fair and free support to attempts EU of spite In insufficient. is process in the election transparency increase to measures EU of mentation imple- the that says Egypt, of sembly speaking when about the elections to the People’s As- Ashton, Catherine achie Foundation’s the of assessment an and 2014) to 2011 from III (Phase Foundation the of phase next the for guidelines and strategy proposed the around debate a features agenda ing Heads of National Networks. ALF’s The meet- the of meeting general annual the for gather countries 40 over from representatives society Civil Brussels: ALF 2010 December 3-4 Centre. mation Infor- and Monitoring EU the by nated coordi- is operation assistance’s The aircraft. fire-fighting and powder fire anti- as such materials, extinguishing and fire-delaying offer States pating partici- Numerous Mechanism. tection Pro- Civil EU the activates EC the try, in raging part of the northern the coun- fires the fight to assistance for quest Brussels: Protection Civil D vements in 2010, in vements ecember n epne o sals re- Israel’s to response In The EU High Representative The EU High Representative 2010 with particular atten- particular with ­ Jordan’s visit to EC President Barroso President EC to visit Jordan’s Brussels: Aviation 2010 December 15 www.euromedheritage.net synergies. Mediterranean Area in order to develop the in cooperation of possibilities the on debate a and programmes existing training the of analysis comparative a includes and ICOMOS, and ICCROM, ICOM UNESCO, as such tions organisa- specialised from experts as from each Euromed Heritage project, and as well country partner each from representatives together brings shop work- The frameworks. legislative and institutional heritage cultural terranean Medi- strengthening of scope the with Training” and “Education entitled nar Algiers: RMSU organises its fifth semi- Heritage 2010 December 12-15 of 2020. by pollution Mediterranean sources top tackle to aims which initiative, one of the priorities of the UfM 2020 Horizon EU the of part is project Public supply and water The Damascus. in Health Drugs for Centre tional Na- the of completion the as well as across six of the country’s located governorates, hospitals eight of equipment medical with provision and struction Syrian The Healthcare II project Syria. concerns the con- in infrastructure treatment and and supply collection wastewater water modern of ment tor and 55 million euros for the develop- ising and expanding the healthcare sec- fund new investments aimed at modern- to euros million 130 worth agreement finance a sign Minister Health Syrian Damascus: EIB 2010 December 6 During King Abdullah II of of II Abdullah King During The EIB Vice-President and ic Sciences and Humanities (SSH (SSH Humanities and Sciences ic Foresight activity of the Socio-econom- Group established by the EC under the Expert EuroMed-2030 the of results main the discuss to stakeholders nean gathers more than 120 Euro-Mediterra- Euromed region up to 2030. The event tensions and possible transitions in the trends, main the presenting at area,” aimed Mediterranean the for chal- lenges long-term the on look forward conference entitled a “EuroMed-2030: A organises Presidency, Belgian the Brussels: The EC, in collaboration with EuroMed-30 2010 December 16 euros). million to and (100 process peace the and Palestine euros) million (2.5 Sea Strategy Baltic the to addressed also is funding Additional ENPI. the through Instrument available euros billion 1.8 with (DCI), Cooperation opment Devel- the through available made be will euros billion 2.6 Around grammes. pro- ENPI for increase 9.3% a viding pro- budget EU 2011 the adopts EP Strasbourg: Neighbourhood 2010 December 15 www.euromedtransport.org/aviation status. advanced the relationship following the concession of the substantial deepening of the reflects EU-Jordan signing The markets. air on common rules based and a liberalisation EU of the the and Jordan tween a “Euro Mediterranean Aviation Area” establish be- will agreement The tors. opportunities for consumers and opera- new offer and cooperation strengthen markets, respective their integrate and air services agreement that will open up comprehensive a sign Jordan and EU the Ashton, Representative High and At its plenary session, the the session, plenary its At respected. not are prices entry these if applicable the entry price system, which will remain for imports of fruit and vegetables under from full liberalisation is the specific duty exception only The arrangements. the extending of possibility the discuss will sides both period, this of end the fore – with a review after 5 years – and, be- eralisation will be temporary for 10 years lib- This market. EU the to access free duty- immediate Strip Gaza and Bank fishery products originating in the West essed agricultural products and proc- fish and products, agricultural all giving Strip agree the text of a draft agreement Gaza and Bank West the of Authority Palestinian the and EC The Brussels: Trade 2010 December 22 www.manumed.org documents. written and of languages Mediterranean appreciation the enhance to der Euromed Heritage IV programme in or- the of framework the in Commission European the by financed cooperation is a Euro-Mediterranean programme for Manumed craft. book of theme the on activities its of results the and pertise the Manumed project provides with ex- which Museum, Sabanci Sakip the at Khan Museum: Aga Arts of the manuscript,” the of “Treasures exhibition the by accompanied be will meeting This meeting. coordination fourth its holds 2010, the EU-funded project Manumed Culture of Capital European Istanbul Istanbul: Heritage 2010 December 17 sciences/events-135_en.html http://ec.europa.eu/research/social- Programme. theme) of the 7th Research Framework Within the framework of the the of framework the Within

375 Med.2011 Appendices 376 Med.2011 Appendices progressiveness The Dialogue is based on five principles: (2000). Algeria and (1995) Jordan by followed subsequently were They Israel. and Egypt Tunisia, Mauritania, agreed to participate, namely, Morocco, Partner Countries. Initially, five countries conceptions between the allies and MD mis- any dispel to and understanding damental objectives: to improve mutual and security, the MD has two other fun- stability to contributing to addition In ing its practical and political dimensions. MD should be further developed by rais- the that and Security Euro-Atlantic for essential are region Mediterranean the plicitly affirms that peace and stability in ex- which 2010), November (29 ration Decla- Summit Lisbon the in reiterated recently was concern This whole. a as curity and stability in the Mediterranean se- on depended also Europe in curity se- that concern Alliance’s the flected re- MD The Accords. Oslo the through found for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict be could solution viable a that dence confi- widespread was there and left; United States was the only superpower time, the Soviet Bloc had just fallen, the the At changes. deep undergone has worldwide context geo-strategic and (MD) was initiated in 1994, the political NATO’sSince Dialogue Mediterranean 1. Mediterranean the in Initiatives Cooperation Other Chronologies an tion Programmes (ICPs)); a a (ICPs)); Programmes tion Coopera- Individual through ticipation par- their tailor to free are Countries tion Countries); Partner all to offered is discussion and operation discrimination time); over enhanced been have dimensions political and practical the and increased has countries ticipating NATO d Istanbul Cooperation Initiative (though non-discriminatory, Partner ’s Mediterranean (the same basis for co- for basis same (the te ubr f par- of number (the self-differentia- D ialogue bilateral bilateral non- teghnn coeain s h ICP, the is cooperation strengthening for instrument main The others. among diplomacy, public and management crisis planning, emergency civil form, the areas of military education, defence re- in activities includes now It fold. Pro- gramme (MDWP) has Work increased seven- Dialogue Mediterranean the in planned activities of number the 2004, Since interoperability. achieving and terrorism against fight the to ing tical cooperation, including by contribut- regional stability through stronger prac- ests and needs. The aim was to achieve inter- their to responsive be to sought and partnership genuine a establish to countries MD NATOinvited upgraded. tical and political dimensions have been Istanbul Summit in 2004, both the prac- the at MD the for framework expanded the launching of the more ambitious and and to visit NATO military bodies. Since activities academic other and courses exercises, NATOmilitary in participate observe/ to countries MD for invitation sues. The military dimension includes an is- of range wide a on workshops and seminars as such Programme, Work all the activities laid down in the Annual includes dimension practical The tries. coun- MD the to NATOofficials senior NATOmajor by visits as well as event), the or a following (generally NATO+7format Mediterranean) the in curity a chance to discuss issues related to se- (providing format NATO+1 the in It (NAC). includes political consultation Council Atlantic North the of pervision su- the under (MCG) Group operation Co- Mediterranean the by promoted is Dialogue the of dimension political The efforts). tional interna- other reinforce and plement and complementarity held; be also can meetings eral (NATO+1), structure multilat- although (the MD aims to com- States and aimed to strengthen regional Gulf Member (GCC) six Council Cooperation the to primarily addressed was It (ICI). Initiative Cooperation bul bitious initiative was launched: the Istan- saw the upgrade of the MD, another am-that summit same the during 2004, In distrust. and Arab League, has given rise to criticism the by backed and resolution UN a on based though which, Libya, in eration op- recent the mention to not Turkey), and Cyprus between situation the tense issue, Sahara Western (the ries li-Palestinian conflict and regional rival- Israe- the region: the in conflicts the to ceptions and prejudices are mainly due misper- mutual However, NATO. with ties country’s their of view negative a lic opinion and opinion leaders who take countries and the large segment of pub- embrace of the NATO delegation in MD obstacle is the gap between the official Another proposals. similar of plication tives, avoiding the risk of overlap or du- initia- the among coordination achieve proper to difficult quite proven has it Dialogue, the of features key the of tarity with other regional initiatives is one the 5+5 Dialogue. Though complemen- and Cooperation, for Partners ranean sin: the UfM/EMP, the OSCE’s Mediter- tion initiatives in the Mediterranean Ba- among them is the number of coopera- dering the development of the MD. First hin- obstacles also are there However, countries. MD all visit to NATO Secretary General has managed of high-level meetings has risen, and the number the as improved has mension di- political NATO.the with Also, tailored ICPs agreed have Algeria except countries MD All needs. strategic try’s coun- each NATOto with cooperation the tailor to and dimensions practical which aims to enhance the political and in order to safeguard their specific specific their and geographical features. geopolitical safeguard to order in a tives, be should kept clear distinction to the of Member Countries both initia- MD should merge; however, according Some experts argue that the ICI and the the UAE in the NATO operation in Libya. and Qatar of participation the recently, the UAE in Kosovo and Afghanistan and, of role the to drawn be should tention In terms of operational cooperation, at- accordingly. cooperation the adapting and needs Partners’ ICI assessing to addition in implementation, their vises proposing practical activities of and super- charge in is Group ICI The region. the in trust and cooperation improve to namely, objective, same the share initiatives both approaches, different multilateral NAC+4 format. Despite the a of means by cooperation the of sion dimen- political the boost to expected are ICI the in developments future that mentioning worth is It format. bilateral a on mainly relies ICI the while proach, envisages a bilateral and multilateral ap- cal cooperation, as well as why the MD while the ICI is more focused on practi- dimension, political the to priority gives nuclear crisis. This explains why the MD stan and the tension with Iran due to the Afghani- and Iraq in operations military was launched in a tense climate due to an Conference (1995), whereas the ICI ence (1991) and the Euro-Mediterrane- dominated by the Madrid Peace Confer- context a in founded was MD The too. features, other in differ MD and ICI the In addition to their geographical scope, ICP.an up drawing of possibility the offered been also have Countries ner from. As in the case of the MD, ICI Part- choose to activities 600 some now are there and time, over tripled than more has activities practical of number The planning. emergency civil and curity; se- border WMDs; of proliferation the on work Alliance’s the in cooperation terrorism; against fight the in eration eration, including interoperability; coop- and budgeting; military-to-military coop- reform defence areas: six into grouped tive offers a number of bilateral activities Initia- The it. join can content and aims Initiative’s the to subscribes that gion re- the in country any as exclusive, not was invitation The invitation. the clined de- Arabia Saudi and Oman while ICI, the joined (UAE) Emirates Arab United stability. Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait and the • 2010 December – 2010 Chronology of the Main Events: January Members.) Associate as tions delega- their appointed all have Jordan and Morocco Israel, (Algeria, liaments increased cooperation with MENA par- for door the opening thereby Member, new status of Mediterranean Associate the region’s parliaments by creating the with relations its reinforce to decided Assembly the 2004-2005, In issues. security and social economic, litical, po- on focussed region (MENA) Africa North and East Middle the of ments parlia- the with discussion and eration The GSM French). is a forum for coop- dle East Special Group (GSM from the NATO-PAMid- the and Mediterranean of 1996, in creation, the to led region Mediterranean the in security to given attention increasing the parliaments, gether legislators from Member Country to- brings which Assembly, liamentary Within the framework of the NATO Par- conflict. Palestinian Israeli- the for found be can solution table with Israel (an MD country) until a they are not prepared to sit at the same that insist countries ICI Furthermore, MD, the fight against terrorism, relations dle East, military cooperation under the outreach in the Mediterranean and Mid- and transformation NATO’s as: such discussed, are topics important visit, the During headquarters. NATO Egypt visit from policymakers High-level • countries. MD and ICI the both from officials and academics leaders, ion Initiative,” which gathers together opin- Framework of the Istanbul Cooperation the in “Cooperation workshop the in Bisogniero travels to Qatar to take part • operation. co- NATO-Morocco of charge in cials offi- government senior with meetings holds also General Secretary Deputy the visit, the During meeting. the tend at- officials and senior academics scholars, leaders, Opinion Dialogue.” Mediterranean Reinforced and hanced NATO:of En- an for Moment the Seize Concept Strategic New the and logue Dia- Mediterranean “The conference the at speech keynote a delivers niero Deputy Secretary General Amb. Bisog-

16- 8-9 25 January, Rabat (Morocco): NATO 17 February, Brussels (Belgium): February, Doha (Qatar): Amb. Amb. (Qatar): Doha February, • in forces. defence perspectives gender and MD the under Jordan with cooperation cept, Con- Strategic the and transformation NATO’s include discussed topics The Section. Countries MD&ICI the from officials other and General Secretary Deputy the with talks holds and ters NATOheadquar- visits Forces Armed Jordanian the from women of egation • MD. the under cooperation Security Programme, as well as military with NATO under cooperation the Science for Peace and scientific discuss and headquarters NATO visit munity Members of the Egyptian scientific com- • eration. NATO-Jordancoop- in progress stant con- the underlines he which in East,” Middle Broader the and Mediterranean the “NATO, speech the delivers also He Minister. Defence the and Minister Prime the King, the with talks bilateral holding time, first the for country MD Secretary General Rasmussen visits an • piracy. energy security and struction (WMDs), de- mass of weapons of proliferation the as: such challenges, and threats common facing to regard with nership the strategic importance of the ICI underlining part- officials, senior and the King with talks holds and visit official first his pays NATOGeneral Secretary • planning. emergency civil and cooperation scientific Russia, with Security Programme. Security Tunisia under with the Science for Peace cooperation and the and in Mediterranean outreach and transformation NATO’sinclude visit the during cussed dis- issues The NATO. to visit a pays Minister Affairs Foreign Tunisian the The visit comes a couple of weeks after Tunisia.from leaders opinion high-level by headquarters NATO to visit a ises NATO Public Diplomacy Division organ- • process. peace the ing includ- region, the in issues critical the about more learn and region the in role NATO’sdiscuss to Knesset the and cil bers of the Palestinian Legislative Coun- mem- meet to Israel Territoriesand ian NATO-PA GSM travels to the Palestin-

25- 7-8 M 7 26 26 20 26- May, Brussels (Belgium): A del- A (Belgium): Brussels May, 26 March, Brussels (Belgium): (Belgium): Brussels March, 26 March, Manama (Bahrain): The The (Bahrain): Manama March, 29 April, Palestine/Israel: The The Palestine/Israel: April, 29 May, Brussels (Belgium): The The (Belgium): Brussels May, rh Amn Jra) NATO (Jordan): Amman arch,

377 Med.2011 Appendices 378 Med.2011 Appendices Istanbul Cooperation Initiative Cooperation Istanbul ics_52956.htm www..int/cps/en/natolive/top- Dialogue Mediterranean ics_52927.htm www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/top- information: further For gion. re- East Middle and Mediterranean the in outreach its and operations current its transformation, and Concept tegic NATO’sdiscuss Stra- to headquarters NATOvisit respectively, Morocco, and Israel from leaders Opinion Brussels: • operations. military and terrorism against fight the Concept, Strategic NATO’s topics, er NATO officials, discussing, among oth- visit NATO headquarters and meet with High-level opinion leaders from the UAE • life. civilian to turning re- personnel military of reintegration personnel skills and provide training and iceable munitions, enhance specialised will help to destroy obsolete and unserv- NATO Trust Fund with the Mauritania, launch which USA the and Luxembourg • NATO operations. and Mediterranean, agenda political current the NATO’s and Concept NATO’sas Strategic such topics cuss dis- to countries ICI and MD from ists NATO Secretary General meets journal- • region. Mediterranean the in interdependence energy and security, and immigration piracy, and security main topics of discussion are: maritime seminar held by the NATO-PA GSM, the • the cooperation in a more focused way. also presented. The document will tailor Dialogue.” The NATO-Mauritania ICP is Mediterranean the of Framework the in Mauritania NATOand between tion Coopera- “The seminar the at speech a gives General Secretary Deputy The • planning. emergency civil and terrorism against fight the sharing, intelligence forces, armed of transformation ICP, the as well as MD, the under cooperation and NATO’susual, as clude, transformation headquarters. The topics discussed in- officials level •

4-5 18 7 O 28 27- 21 7-8 June, Brussels (Belgium): High- November and 11 November, November, 11 and November 28 June, Rome (Italy): At the the At (Italy): Rome June, 28 June, Nouakchott (Mauritania): (Mauritania): Nouakchott June, ctober, Brussels (Belgium): Italy, June, Brussels (Belgium): The The (Belgium): Brussels June, October, Brussels (Belgium): (Belgium): Brussels October, from Morocco visit NATOvisit Morocco from Si the in operation Co- for Partners Mediterranean 2. NATOCollege Defence www.ndc.nato.int/ NATO PA Mediterranean Special Group TCUT=149 www.nato-pa.int/default.asp?SHOR Dimension Implementation Meeting, the ence, the Economic Forum, the Human Confer- Review Security Annual the in participate actively moreover MPCs ideas. and information of exchange the Permanent Council in order to facilitate been set up within the framework of the has Cooperation for Partners ranean Mediter- the with Group Contact mal eration meetings as observers. An infor- Coop- Security for Forum and Council attend Permanent Council, to Ministerial OSCE invited regularly are They cooperation. such for framework broad a provides events special and ences confer- summits, OSCE in MPCs the of participation The governance. good and terrorism migration, crimination, dis- and racism security, energy port, trans- topics dimensions: three all various spanning includes laboration col- of domain the security, to proach man. As part of the comprehensive ap- hu- and environmental, and economic politico-military,dimensions: three with security to approach comprehensive a in adjacent regions and their support for security and Europe in security tween based. They reaffirmed the inextricable link be- is organisation the which on themselves to the principles and values 56 the 2010, OSCE Participating in States recommitted Europe New a for 20th anniversary of the Charter of Paris the and Act Final Helsinki the of sary anniver- 35th the At documents. and under- scored insubsequentOSCEmeetings been has Act, Final Helsinki the of Chapter Mediterranean the in dependent. This inter-linkage, enshrined security of the Mediterranean are inter- tion that the security of Europe and the Cooperation (MPCs) are based on for the strong convic- Partners terranean logue and joint activities with the Medi- dia- OSCE The Tunisia. and Morocco countries: Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Mediterranean Jordan, six with relations cial Process, the OSCE has cultivated spe- nce the beginning of the Helsinki Helsinki the of beginning the nce O SCE events and discuss issues related to to related issues discuss and events and opinions on the outcomes of recent views exchange participants Groups, Contact Mediterranean and Asian the of meeting annual the At security. and issues gender non-discrimination, and ment, migration management, tolerance manage- and security border CSBMs, held during 2010 with special focus on are meetings thematic Six resources. human and challenges environmental management, the fight against terrorism, are made especially in work the domain of years’ border previous with tinuity nean Partnership. Efforts to ensure con- Mediterra- the of advancement the for ideas new and discussions genuine as significant and cooperation activities, intense as well by marked is 2010 year the Group, Contact the Norkus, of Chairman Renatas Ambassador nian According to a statement by the Lithua- Group Contact Mediterranean OSCE. the of Chairmanship year, Lithuania succeeded Kazakhstan in the the of end the At Afghanistan. of reconstruction and rehabilitation the and East Middle the in process peace the on focused MPCs the with eration coop- OSCE Chairmanship, khstan’s Kaza- under 2010, In projects. etary extra-budg- to financially contribute to curity-building measures (CSBMs) and se- and confidence- OSCE in ticipate operations. They are encouraged to par- field OSCE attend can members sion mis- and (ODIHR) Rights Human and by the Office for Democratic Institutions OSCE election observation the missions in organised participate can MPCs from Observers commitments. OSCE their implementing in MPCs the sist as- requested, so when and, practices good of exchange the facilitate values, OSCE’s the promote to used is tise exper- OSCE’s the particular, In work. practical by complemented moreover Corfu Process. The political dialogue is the to basis hoc ad an on contribute Council, the MPCs have been invited to Ministerial Athens the of decision the following 2010, Since General. retary TroikaOSCE the and Sec- OSCE and MPCs the between held also are ings meet- annual Regular (PA). Assembly Parliamentary OSCE the of Sessions Winter and Annual the and Meeting Assessment Implementation Annual sions on economic and infrastructure infrastructure and economic on sions ses- the in participate Council estinian and Morocco and from the National Pal- Algeria Israel, of parliaments the from Delegates 50 event. the attend from countries parliamentarians 200 over 2010, October In place. takes Forum Mediterranean a Meetings, Fall the ing to OSCE commitments and values. Dur- related topics important on dialogue ry Meetings to enhance inter-parliamenta- Fall of set a holds PA OSCE the year Each (Italy): Palermo October, 8-11 Forum Mediterranean – Meetings Fall Assembly Parliamentary OSCE elections. their to missions observation other and OSCE invite to them encouraging and missions observation election OSCE in participate to MPCs encouraging organisations, international other and three on points: initiating focused a dialogue with the UfM resolution a mits climate change. Alcee L. Hastings sub- ing cooperation on energy security and to the Mediterranean dimension, includ- bates a range of different topics related de- Environment the and Technology Science, Affairs, Economic on mittee manitarian purposes. The General Com- hu- and trade for Gaza leave and enter can that goods of volume and scope tions that impair trade and to expand the limita- movement and access eliminate the resolution adopted, it is essential to to According attention. particular given is East Middle the in process peace tee on Political Affairs and Security, the supplementary items debated by the General Commit- the Among penalty. death the and journalism investigative persons, displaced internally of return of right the Arctic, the in situation the crime, cyber security, nuclear East, dle Process, the peace process Corfu in the Mid- the in involvement PA’s the to ranging from the situation in Kyrgyzstan issues on resolutions contains which Assembly adopts the Oslo Declaration, transnational crime and corruption.” The combating law: of “Rule is meeting the 6-10 July, Oslo (Norway): The theme of Assembly liamentary 19th Annual Session of the OSCE Par- rights. human of protection the and terrorism environmental challenges, and promot- and economic with dealing by stability and security fostering CSBMs, in ence several topics, including OSCE experi- Mediterranean Perspective,” A addresses – Security European of Future the on Dialogue “The entitled conference, 14-15 October, La Valletta (Malta): The Conference Mediterranean OSCE www.oscepa.org/ ranean. Mediter- the of people the of sources of water and energy as fundamental re- importance the highlight ex- and changes, cultural and university school, in invest in the Mediterranean, in particular, to initiatives national discuss ticipants par- Forum, the of end the At pression. ex- geopolitical unique a it make that culture Mediterranean of patterns mon agenda in order to emphasise the com- political the of core the at culture and education set to need the expresses of the Conference of Italian Universities representative the Finally, status. Partner State for Authority Palestinian the and Partner States on the application of Participating all among reached yet been not has consensus a that noting worth is it issue, this to regard With Partnership. the join to countries new curity and human resources, and invites namely, water management, border se- Partners, OSCE the for areas priority three the in projects of plementation Contact Group, who Mediterranean reports on the im- the of Chair and tive a speech by the Lithuanian representa- of law. The second session begins with civil discourse, civil society and the rule of free trade as a vital precursor to free importance the and protection; civil of field the in cooperation regional romed and experience-sharing to enhance Eu- knowledge mutual prevention, of role crucial the development; infrastructure in the Mediterranean as key to transport homogenisation of transport regulations the actors; social and political among dialogue increase to need the on sis in the Middle East, with special empha- dimension, including the peace process Mediterranean the of importance the on: focus participants session, first the of course the Over civilisation. ranean Mediter- of expression an as operation co- environmental and cultural on and cooperation in the Mediterranean Basin and UNESCO. The closing session session closing The UNESCO. and States Arab of League the UfM, the Civilisations, of Alliance the Europe, of Council the as such organisations, international other with cooperating and draw attention to the importance of ODIHR the to provided resources the logue. Participants advocate increasing dia- intercultural and societies cultural multi- about speaking Malta, in Office pean Commission-Arab League Liaison Euro- the of Operations of Director ni, third session is opened by Ranieri Fsad- and contribute to improving stability. The lenges in order to facilitate cooperation tance of finding solutions to these chal- impor- the stress Participants aridity. and temperatures rising particular, in change, climate demo- and pressure graphic significant resources, water dwindling desertification, increasing as such challenges, environmental and economic addresses session second logue and cooperation on CSBMs. The positive consequences for an open dia- sider that PNA participation could have con- and Partners Mediterranean the among PNA the of inclusion the bate de- also Participants only. basis untary vol- a on standards OSCE implement therefore and States Participating not are MPCs the that fact the and peace lasting a of absence the factors: two plementation of CSBMs is hampered by im- the importance, its Despite crime. rescue and the prevention of organised maritime management, border tions, opera- peacekeeping on cooperation preparedness, disaster coordinating as well as dimension, politico-military and arms-control regimes, including the CSBMs in Partners Mediterranean the involving of means and ways cussing dis- at aimed is session first The tion. coopera- for opportunities new identify to and region Mediterranean the ing integrat- community security European out their concerns and visions of a pan- Participants have the opportunity to lay East. Middle the and Mediterranean ing the close links between Europe, the the Mediterranean and beyond, reaffirm- in security for East Middle the in ation situ- the of implications the on focuses ceremony opening The organisations. non-governmental and (PNA) thority Au- National Palestinian the Partners, Mediterranean the all from sentatives The Conference brings together repre- non-discrimination. and tolerance ing

379 Med.2011 Appendices 380 Med.2011 Appendices o ommrt te 35th the commemorate to of State and Heads Government gather in Astana OSCE the Istanbul, in mit Eleven years after the last OSCE Sum- (Kazakhstan): Astana December, 1-2 Summit OSCE www.osce.org/ec/73717 dialogue. Partnership ranean tries on an ad hoc basis in the Mediter- coun- other including of possibility the and issues migration in MPCs of role potential the include: Partnership nean Mediterra- the of framework the within interest of issues Other ODIHR. the with non-discrimination and tolerance vironmental challenges, and activities on en- security-related of assessment the in OSCE CSBMs, the OSCE’s work on related to the participation of the MPCs als to emerge during the conference are propos- main The States. Participating and Partners Mediterranean between en- gagement and exchange dynamic of experiences for need the highlights ranean Partners. The Israeli delegation Israeli The Partners. ranean Mediter- the with meets Troika OSCE Afghanistan. As part of the Summit, the in particular, in and, areas adjacent the in democracy and prosperity stability, promote to engagement and Partners the with interaction and collaboration requires interdependence This gions. re- Asian and Mediterranean the and link in terms of security between Europe security. They recognise comprehensive the inextricable of core the at ments mote human rights as fundamental ele- pro- and protect to is priority first their OSCE Participating States reiterate that standing and fostering cooperation. The settling conflicts, building mutual under- and preventing dialogue, open moting the Euro-Atlantic and Eurasian in area for pro- organisation security regional comprehensive most the as OSCE the Declaration highlights The the importance of Cooperation. for and Partners Asian Mediterranean with interaction ognise the need to enhance the level of rec- also Representatives community. security Eurasian and Euro-Atlantic ble indivisi- and common democratic, free, a of vision the to States Participating laration, which recommits the 56 OSCE ticipants adopt a Commemorative Dec- par- the Summit, the At Europe. New anniversary of the Charter of Paris for a 20th the and Act Final Helsinki the of

anniversary expresses his support for improving the he Finally, non-proliferation. and ment disarma- and development sustainable the Mediterranean and the promotion of of shores two the between imbalance socio-economic the of reduction the head of the Algerian delegation calls for The past. tragic recent its of because Europe Southeast in actions beneficial pursue to continuing of importance the ity in all Central Asia. He also highlights ghanistan to achieve security and stabil- Af- in stability and security address to Turkeyneed of the Republic out points the of President The region. iterranean on the path towards peace in the Med- signal strong a as Palestine to Partner Mediterranean of of status the favour in granting also is It ideologies. ist extrem- rejects and civilisations among Kingdom of Morocco supports dialogue The xenophobia. and intolerance ism, poverty,marginalisation, nomic extrem- conflicts, arms proliferation, socio-eco- regional of causes root the sideration against con- into take should challenges these fight common The security. and environmental challenges affecting ing and other forms of organised crime, traffick- human migration, terrorism, on cooperation including meetings, nean Mediterra- the at established agenda the implement to need the reiterates and Partners Mediterranean the with cooperation OSCE enhance to ings meet- Astana and Vienna the at efforts its for Chairmanship Kazakh the to tion apprecia- its expresses delegation can Moroc- The development. and security and peace, OIC international promote to OSCE the between cooperation vast for Vienna in Council Permanent OSCE the at made call the reiterates He building. peace post-conflict and resolution conflict prevention, conflict for human rights and good governance, Palestinian question, upholding respect seeking a just and extremism, lasting solution to and the terrorism combating including OIC, the of those and OSCE between the goals and objectives of the Summit. He emphasises the similarities OSCE the at participate to invitation the for gratitude expresses (OIC) ence the Organisation of the Islamic Confer- of Secretary The negotiations. through neighbours Arab its and Palestinians the with solution peaceful a seek time, same the at and, itself by itself defend to continue will Israel that out points Dr Anthony Borg, Deputy Prime Minister region. OSCE the outside from actors sub-regional and regional to extended vides the right framework but should be Security agreed in Istanbul in 1999 pro- Cooperative for Platform and The NATO. Union European the particular, in required, is actors other by bution migration. To this end, a leading contri- and crime organised terrorism, WMDs, change, climate as such challenges new tackle to Partners Mediterranean the with closely more working of tance Maltese delegation stresses the impor- the of head The tolerance. of culture sume their responsibility to propagate a approach, calling upon countries to as- balanced and holistic more a for asks of tolerance and non-discrimination and area the in concern expresses likewise He standards. double of practice the to end an and East Middle the in Zone Free Nuclear a of creation the for ing disarmament of and non-proliferation, call- issue the addresses also Minister Egyptian The lines. 1967 the on based borders and capital its as Jerusalem lishment of a Palestinian State with East estab- the through solution two-state estinian territories and implementing the aim of ending Israeli occupation of Pal- tions are only a means to reach the real negotia- that fact the and PNA the to status Partner Mediterranean granting for support strong Egypt’s reiterates ropean and Mediterranean security. He highlighting the interdependence speech of Eu- his begins Affairs Foreign of to young people. The Egyptian Minister regard with particularly tolerance, and values of moderation, open-mindedness the spreading and dialogue of motion should be enhanced, including the pro- dimension human the on Cooperation required. is mobilisation international alisation, exclusion and poverty, greater environments characterised by margin- in flourish extremism and terrorism As terrorism. of causes the tackling is as priority,a is East Middle the in process financial crisis. In this regard, the peace the and economic international an of midst in intolerance and violence ism, terror- as such challenges major dress ad- to order in synergies increase to and action concerted intensify to need urgent the on focuses speech gation’s TunisianThe dele- PNA. the to nership Part- OSCE the extending and Group operation of the Mediterranean Contact ev a a aoaoy f da ad a and ideas of laboratory a as serve to is aim main Its other. the on (AMU), Union Maghreb Arab the of countries tania, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya, the five Mauri- Morocco, and hand one the on Portugal, Spain, France, Italy and Malta countries: participating 10 the of isters sultation among the Foreign Affairs Min- 1990 in order to promote effective con- logue was launched in Rome in October Dia- 5+5 The WesternMediterranean. the of shores southern and northern the of countries the between dialogue 3. 2011. in Group Contact the chair will Ireland NATO and the League of Arab States). EU, (the organisations and initiatives al enhanced interaction with other region- of and Palestine to status Partnership granting of value potential participants the stress Some bodies. making decision- OSCE’s the to submitted crete projects and draft decisions to be Group’s Contact work be oriented the towards con- that proposed also is It volvement of civil society and academia. in- the and practices best of exchange the including cooperation, further for Group presents a number of proposals and Chair of the Mediterranean Contact Lithuania of Affairs Foreign of Minister The security. common ensure and tion coopera- enhance to proposals submit and dialogue the of status the assess They trafficking. human and crime ber common threats, such as terrorism, cy- the Mediterranean Partnership to tackle of importance the stress Participants PA. the and General Secretary the OSCE of participation the with Astana Summit the of margins the on place takes MPCs the and Troika Ministerial The annual meeting between the OSCE (Kazakhstan): Astana December, 1-2 MPCs the with Meeting Troika Ministerial OSCE http://summit2010.osce.org/ security.of concept comprehensive a of core the as law of rule the and democracy freedoms, fundamental rights, human for respect full to commitment Maltese the iterates re- also Affairs, Foreign of Minister and Th e 5+5 Dialogue is a forum for informal T he 5+5 he D ialogue • 2010 in Meetings Main 2007). (since transport and 2006) (since tourism 2004), (since defence 2003), (since relations parliamentary inter- (since 2002), (since migration affairs 1995), home including: too, spheres, other encompass to panded ex- gradually been since has but only ment between Foreign Affairs Ministers commit- political a initially was logue Dia- the fact, In topics. of number ing senior officials have met on an increas- and ministers years the over and open acter, it has become progressively more issues. Thanks to its flexible and informal and char- factors of dependence inter- growing the account into taking approach, comprehensive a through problems regional with deal to forum combating marine pollution; recognise pollution; marine combating of importance the reaffirm it; to cess good ac- and water drinking of management of importance the ac- knowledge Participants Spain. and Algeria by co-chaired Energy, Renewable and isterial Conference on the Environment • Italy. in held be will meeting Affairs Foreign next The recommendations. its on up paring the annual meeting and following a follow-up committee tasked with pre- proposed. The Ministers agree to set up is protection coastline and eco-system of a Euro-Mediterranean agency for the creation the topic, latter this to regard With climate. the and SMEs scientific research, and education higher ism, cial sector, food security, the UfM, tour- are: the reform of the international finan- relevant topics discussed at the meeting Other conflicts. Lebanese-Israeli and li reached with regard to the Syrian-Israe- achieved if an overall settlement is also be only can peace lasting a that tion stacle to peace. They affirm the convic- ob- policy,an settlement it considering Israel’s criticise and solution two-state reiterate the urgency of implementing a they process, peace the and East dle national issues. With regard to the Mid- and discuss different regional and inter- cooperation and solidarity democracy, of values the to commitment the renew ship of Tunisia and Spain. The Ministers Affairs Ministers under the co-chairman- Foreign Dialogue 5+5 the of meeting

26- 15- 16 April, Gammarth (Tunisia): 8th 27 April, Oran (Algeria): 1st Min- • December-2010.pdf tion-Ministerial-Conclusions-Tripoli- 5+5/7th-Ministerial-Conference-Migra- shared/mainsite/microsites/rcps/ www.iom.int/jahia/webdav/shared/ recommendations. Meeting Ministerial the implement to low-Up Committee on Migration in order Fol- the of reactivation the for call also Ministers The migrants. of smuggling the in active are which networks, nal crimi- of growth the and crime ganised or- of development the to relationship its and migration illegal reduce to tries between 5+5 Dialogue Member Coun- phasise the importance of coordination em- experts The countries. home their in stay to migrants potential courage en- to production increasing and kets countries of origin, creating labour mar- migrants’ the in projects development of establishment the for provides that ODC). The experts prepare a document (UN- Crime and Drugs on Office UN the and (IOM) Migration for ganisation Or- International the from observers as well as migration, for responsible Ministers the by attended is meeting The experts. and officials high-ranking by prepared meeting two-day a lowing fol- held is WesternMediterranean the in Migration on Conference Ministerial • Dialogue. 6+6 the into forum Egypt be included next year, turning the Gaddafi also proposed that Greece and Muammar leader Libyan Malta. in held be to scheduled 2011 in summit major the for planning as well as States, ber on continued cooperation among Mem- focuses and Western countries the Mediterranean of Ministers the by ed attend- is Dialogue 5+5 the of Summit • declaration_Oran.pdf www.pap-thecoastcentre.org/razno/ Portugal.in held be will Conference Ministerial 2nd The interconnections. electricity and Plan, of Solar Mediterranean the areas, coastal management integrated and line and resources, protection of the coast- management waste include: dressed prevention and rescue. Other issues ad- disaster natural of fields the in eration cal diversity; and call for stronger coop- biologi- diminishing and desertification the interdependence of climate change, 6th Meeting of Defence Ministers. The Ministers. Defence of Meeting 6th

2 S - Dcme, La December, 1-2 13 December, Tripoli (Libya): The 7th eptember, Tripoli (Libya): The 2nd alta (Malta): Valletta

381 Med.2011 Appendices 382 Med.2011 Appendices ber Countries. ber Mem- of its non-EU integration ropean Eu- for prospects the support to cally specifi- is goals main AII’s the of one albeit at different paces. In this context, integration, EU towards proceeding are – Serbia and Montenegro govina, four other the countries – Albania, Bosnia and and Herze- join, to about is Slovenia joined the EU in 2004, Croatia years: the over changed deeply region of the context The geopolitical region). Balkan the in (especially stability and security to related problems common to solutions common foster to order in countries coastal among cooperation regional strengthening of means a as intended primarily was AII the Initially, peared in the AII as independent States. dissolution, Serbia and Montenegro ap- tive. Later, in 2007, after the Republic’s Initia- the joined Montenegro) and bia the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia later, (Ser- years Two Commission. ropean Eu- the of presence the in Declaration and Slovenia, who adopted the Ancona Italy Greece, Croatia, Herzegovina, & the Foreign Ministers of Albania, Bosnia by launched formally was Initiative The 2000. in (Italy) Ancona in held Ionian and Adriatic the in Security and ment Develop- on Summit the to back dates T 4. es/2010/12/pr2252.pdf.pdf www.doi.gov.mt/en/press_releas- Malta. in summit second a vene to con- to agree Ministers the Mauritania, group the of presidency the over cation and training. Although Malta turns to civil protection, air security, and edu- surveillance, armed forces’ contribution maritime of areas four the cover Plan Action the of activities The Plan. tion oversees the implementation of the Ac- nation, each of Defence of the Ministers of representatives two of posed com- Committee, Steering A year. the on security issues to be carried out over actions practical the includes that Plan Action annual an establishes Initiative and signed the Declaration of Intent, the the of Member States concerned met in Paris Ministers Defence the 2004, when December 21st on tablished Es- countries. Mediterranean Western 5+5 Defence Initiative is made up of 10 he Adriatic and Ionian Initiative (AII) (AII) Initiative Ionian and Adriatic he A dri atic and Ionian Initiative ( A II) small and medium-sized enterprises enterprises medium-sized and small Country. The main fields of interest are: Member each from experts of up made tables round technical through mally nor- fields, multiple in active is AII The region. Danube the for outlet maritime natural the be Basin tent seems the to Adriatic-Ionian ex- certain a to Moreover, States. ber Mem- EU and non-EU between hinge include of a both sort as serve and seas landlocked they as region, Baltic with the has Basin similarities ic-Ionian to The Adriat- Brussels. Macro-Region Adriatic-Ionian an for proposal a mit members’ its collaboration in order to sub- accelerate to is strategy AII’s the EUInof sense, strategy. thisa specific subject the is Baltic the to Danube the to Sea Black the from spanning gion re- The Council). AII the in participate to invited was CBSS the (accordingly, Macro-Region Adriatic-Ionian an ate with regard to launching the process to cre- know-how Council’s Baltic the CBSS exploiting of the terms in useful be should with cooperation close This dialogue. civil-society and ment on in cooperation develop- sustainable workshop AII-CBSS joint a to leading the and environment in maritime and coastal interests common on cusing fo- (CBSS), States Sea Baltic the of ration was undertaken with the Council the Over course of collabo- (DCP). 2010, strengthened Process eration Coop- Danube the and (BSEC) tion Coopera- Economic Sea Black the of Organisation the (CEI), Initiative in pean Euro- operating Central the Europe: Southeast initiatives other with partnership in works also Initiative The Countries’ber proposals. Mem- gather to and “project-oriented” and the next, to make the Initiative more Chairmanship one between continuity cona, whose main purpose is to ensure An- in 2008 in established Secretariat, Permanent AII’s the by out carried also are functions Important year. a times three held Meetings Official Senior the countries. Its agenda is prepared during eign Affairs Ministers of the participating For- the of composed Council, Ionian Adriatic- the is body decision-making AII’s The 2010. June in Chairmanship the assumed Montenegro June and in 2009, Greece from over took Italy order: alphabetical in months six rotates every AII the of Chairmanship The • archaeology. underwater and development rural cooperation: of areas new two proposes and SMEs and tourism on protocols the of play of state the presents also delegation sibility and The communications. Italian acces- of improvement development, territorial environment, the of servation the strategy’s operational sectors: con- of some identifies Affairs Foreign for of Regions,” State Secretary the Italian Macro- “European on meeting quent a In subse- institutions. and sociations as- networks, of full regional panorama the include to and levels all at synergy in working are governments relevant the that show to important is it region, re- questing the When establishment of a macro- approval. under is region Baltic Macro-Region, while the Danube ence. The EU has already approved the experi- of years ten on capitalise to AII in to the addition allowing cooperation, regional foster and funds EU existing exploit better to opportunity the offer would Macro-Region Adriatic-Ionian an of creation The for Macro-Regions.” Strategies “EU a on gives presentation Regions of Committee EU the of member a Chairmanship, Italian tee of Senior Officials(CSO) under the the of meeting second the AII Commit- • dimension. parliamentary AII’s the foster to and organisations gional re- other and AII the between relations non-EU Member States, to enhance the date the European prospects of the AII’s consoli- to approach, project-oriented Initiative’s the strengthen to were ship Chairman- Italian the of aims main The manship Chair- Italian the under Events Main protection. fire and environment the cooperation, university and cultural development, rural tourism, (SMEs), entrepreneurship. cifically for SMEs and support for female spe- services of set a of establishment gic: the exchange of best practices, the strate- be to issues following the sider atic-Ionian Basin. To this end, they con- Adri- the in SMEs of development and creation the foster to vision common a defining at aimed (SMEs), terprises En- Medium-sized and Small on tocol Member States sign a Cooperation Pro-

27- 11 February, 11 28 January, Ancona (Italy): At At (Italy): Ancona January, 28 Verona (Italy): The AII The (Italy): Verona Ministers of the AII Participating States Adriatic and Ionian Initiative, the Foreign incides with the 10th Anniversary of the co- which Council, Ionian and Adriatic • environment. marine the tect pro- and security and safety ensure to tional maritime transport systems so as na- of protection the to related ences experi- of exchange the for basis the to sues. The aims of the meeting are to lay methods and is- maritime on cooperation strengthen ways discuss to Greece, Italy, Montenegro and Croatia, Slovenia Herzegovina, and Bosnia of authorities relevant the from sentatives repre- 19 together brings Cooperation Round Table on Transport and Maritime • field. this in cooperation fostering for strument in- an be could that Europe Southeast in development rural on data and tion informa- of exchange the for platform a ment Standing Working Group (SWG), Develop- Rural Regional to the present occasion the of advantage takes ment is held. The Serbian representative Ad-hoc Round Table on Rural Develop- Consequently, tables. round AII ing meeting that it CSO be included next it the in the at exist- propose to order in development rural on cooperation AII’s strategy for •

M 5 22 and 21 Italian The (Italy): Rome March, 1 ay, Ancona (Italy): At the 12th 12th the At (Italy): Ancona ay, the year aims to expand the April, Trieste (Italy): The (Italy): Trieste April, an • Chairmanship the under Events Main it. in engage to readiness their affirming Region, Ionian port to the EU Strategy for the Adriatic- the Adriatic-Ionian Council on the Sup- of Declaration the adopt also ticipants par- The development. rural and ture and protection against fire; and agricul- environment the cooperation; versity uni- and cultural tourism; cooperation; maritime and transport SMEs; orities: Herzegovina. They recognise as AII pri- liberalisation for Albania and Bosnia and visa of process the accelerate to need the affirm and Initiative the of Members all of integration European the wards to- achieved progress the underline They Initiative. the to commitment their adopt the Ancona Declaration, renewing legislation). Montenegro is chairing chairing is Montenegro legislation). new no structures, new no funds, new the three conditions required under by the UE (no project macro-region the to support giving and underway, rently ing the signature of others that are cur- that have already been signed, complet- ship, giving follow-up to those protocols work begun during the Italian Chairman- priorities are presented: continuity of the ficials, the Montenegrin Chairmanship’s Of- Senior of Committee AII 1st the At

28 28 June, Podgorica (Montenegro): (Montenegro): Podgorica June, www.aii-ps.org htm Aree_Geografiche/Europa/Balcani/IAI. www.esteri.it/MAE/EN/Politica_Estera/ information: further For Countries. Member AII among communication and eration end, it is necessary to strengthen this coop- To mainland. the on traffic the of land transport, thereby eliminating some projects that will provide alternatives to on focus to agree countries ticipating par- the from experts topic, last this to and motorways of the sea. With regard shipping short-sea pollution, of vention pre- are: Cooperation Maritime on ble Ta-Round the at topics main The gro): • tourism. of field and improve vocational education in the tainability and eco-tourism in the region, sus- ensure destination, tourist grated inte- an as Basin Adriatic-Ionian the present to initiatives propose ticipants par- Cooperation, Inter-University and ing the Round Table on Tourism, Culture Tourism,on dur- Sub-table the In gro): • overlap. en the synergies among them and avoid strength- to fact this of advantage take eration Process (SEECP)) and wants to Coop- European South-East the and (CEI), Initiative European Central the three initiatives at the same time (the AII,

15 12 December, Podgorica (Montene- November, Podgorica (Montene-

383 Med.2011 Appendices 384 Med.2011 Appendices lute majority.lute is abso- President an by term five-year a to elected The republic. mentary parlia- a been has Croatia 2000 Since Previous elections: 25 November 2007 2010 January 10 and 2009 December 27 Elections Presidential Croatia Turnout 42.66% valid? becoming 2010, April 19 of session its at the Parliament by Slovenian adopted was of which Croatia, Republic the of Government the and Slovenia of Republic the of ment tration Agreement between the Govern- Arbi- the of Ratification the on Law the of implementation the support you Do was: wording official The tribunal. tion arbitra- international an before Croatia with dispute border the bring to ment agree- an on held was referendum The 2010 June 6 Referendum Slovenia significance. political ticular par- of are that territory relevant other any in or entities autonomous in held includes referenda and those elections order. cum-Mediterranean The list also cir- in presented states, in independent 2010 in place took that elections legislative and presidential of the results of details provides chapter This Observatory Electoral Mediterranean No Yes Percentage 48.46% 51.54% (Zastupnicki Dom), which has 42 mem- sisting of the House of Representatives govina Herze- has a bicameral legislature, con- and Bosnia Srpska). publika (Re- Republic Serbian the and areas, Hercegovine), which covers the Bosniak and i Croatian Bosne Herzegovina (Federacija and Bosnia of eration Fed- the comprises Herzegovina and Bosnia of republic parliamentary The 2006 October 1 elections: Previous 2010 October 3 tions B Turnout: 50.13%(2ndround) 43.96%(1stround), Par Candidates Slavko Vuksic Vesna Skare-Ozbolt Boris Miksic Josip Jurcevic Damir Kajin(IDS,Istrian Miroslav Tudman Dragan Primorac Vesna Pusic(HNS, Nadan Vidosevic Andrija Hebrang(HDZ, Milan Bandic Ivo Josipovic(SDP, Social Slavonia Plain) (Democratic Partyof (Independent) (Independent) (Independent) Democratic Assembly) (Independent) (Independent) Liberal Democrats) Croatian People’sParty, (Independent) Union) Croatian Democratic (Independent) Croatia) Democratic Partyof osnia and Herzegovina and osnia imnay n Peieta Elec- Presidential and liamentary round % 1st 13 - 11.33 - 12.04 39.74 14.83 60.26 32.42 .2- - 0.42 - 1.89 - 2.10 - 2.74 - 3.87 - 4.09 5.93 - 7.25 % 2nd round et fr h Fdrto o Bosnia- Herzegovina of Federation the for Seats of Representatives House - Elections Parliamentary months. eight every members three the rotates among Presidency the of Chairman of post The communities. ethnic three dency are elected by and represent the Presi- the of members three The term. four-year a for suffrage universal direct by elected Presidency, three-member a has Herzegovina and Bosnia entities. federal the by appointed members 15 of Peoples (Dom Naroda), consisting of federal entities (28+14), and the House two the from representation portional bers elected for four-year terms by pro- Seats for the Serbian Republic Serbian the for Seats Party ofDemocratic Serbian DemocraticParty Party ofIndependentSocial Party Party Social DemocraticParty Party ofDemocraticAction Union foraBetterFuture Croatian DemocraticUnion Party forBosniaand Croatian DemocraticUnion People’s PartyWork for Democratic People’s Progress (PDP) (SDS) Democrats (SNSD) (SDP) (SDA) (SBB) (HDZ) Herzegovina (SBH) 1990 (HDZ-1990) Betterment (NSRB) Community (DNZ) Seats % 618 26.1 947 19.4 224 12.2 13 11 . 2 7.3 . 2 4.9 . 1 4.8 . 1 1.5 224 8 22.2 43.3 . 1 6.5 Seats % of office. of Voters elect a President to a 5-year term 2005 April 17 elections: Previous T N Elections Presidential Turnout: 56.49% Turnout: 76.36% April 18 Elections Presidential Ayhan Kaymak Arif SalihKirdag Zeki Besiktepeli Mustafa Kemal Tumkan Tahsin Ertugruloglu Mehmet AliTalat (CTP, Republican Dervis Eroglu(UBP, Partyof Candidates Ferdo Galic Mile Kutle 8.2 Pero Galic Jerko Ivankovic-Lijanovic(NSRzB) Martin Raguz(HDZ-1990) Borjana Kristo(HDZ) Zeljko Komsic (SDP) Croatian Candidates Aida Jusic Izudin Kesetovic (BOSS) Ibrahim Spahic(GDS) Dzemal Latic(A-SDA) Mujo Demirovic(BPS) Ibrahim Dedovic(DNZ) Haris Silajdzic(SBH) Fahrudin Radoncic(SBB) Bakir Izetbegovic(SDA) B 48.9 Rajko Papovic(SDS) Mladen Ivanic(KZS) Nebojsa Radmanovic(SNSD) Serbian Candidates Party forBosniaand Party ofDemocraticAction Democratic People’s urkey) Turkish Party) National Unity) Herzegovina (SBH) (SDA) Alliance (DNS) orthern Cyprus ( Cyprus orthern osnian Candidates 2010 R epublic of epublic . 0 1 2.6 4.6 0 2 10.8 19.7 60.6 25.1 30.5 34.9 47.3 42.9 50.4 0.1 0.4 1.6 0.8 3.8 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.9 1.5 1.9 1.9 2.9 3.8 % % % % ment employees. ment govern- to extended are rights gaining bar- collective strike; to right the and unions of recognition the workers, for The rest. amendments include the greater protection nominates President the while Parliament by appointed are Three 15 to 17. from is expanded bers The repealed. mem- Court Constitutional is of number reprisal, legal or trial facing from leaders coup military prevents which 15, Article peacetime. in civilians try to authority their moving re- courts, military of power the curtail and privacy to rights personal increase reforms The judges. appointing in say a Parliament giving and courts civilian to accountable more military the ing the balance of power in Turkey by mak- changes significantly The revision tion. Constitu- 1982 the to amendments of T T 2010 September 12 Referendum Front, boycotted the elections. The The elections. the boycotted Action Front, Islamic the The opposition, House. main Freedom free, to not is according rights political and civil of system country’s The Circassians. Chechens/ for three and Christians for reserved are seats nine Additionally college. for electoral special a by women reserved are 12 and stituencies con- single-seat from filled are seats 108 follows: as chosen are deputies The 120. to 110 from Deputies of ber Cham- the of members of number the increased law electoral new The King. the by appointed members 60 has ter lat- The al-Aayan). (Majlis Senators of Assembly Deputies the and of al-Nuwaab) (Majlis Chamber the houses, two of consists al-Umma) (Majlis bly Assem- National The legislature. eral bicam- with monarchy Parliamentary Previous elections: 20 November 2007 2010 November 9 Elections Legislative Jordan Turnout 73.71% No Yes urkey he referendum concerns a package package a concerns referendum he Percentage 42.12% 57.88% King. the to loyal are who of tribes indigenous members are most although ent, independ- are candidates of majority Advisory Council Advisory 2007 June elections: Previous 2010 June 1-8 President. the by pointed ap- are members 10 and women) for reserved are seats (64 terms 5-year vote serve to system majority two-round a through absolute by elected are members 508 Assembly, People’s the In changed. are members pointed three Every 44 and ap- members 88 elected years terms. 6-year serve to also President, the by appointed are 88 members while terms, 6-year serve to system a in two-round vote majority absolute an by elected are members 518 seats. In the Advisory Council 176 with al-Shaab) (Majlis Assembly ple’s Peo- the and seats 264 with al-Shura) (Majlis Council Advisory the of sisting con- Parliament has a Egypt bicameral Elections Legislative Egypt Turnout: 53.0% Turnout: firstround30.8%, secondround14% r-oenetidpnet 118 Opposition parties Pro-government independents Parties National Party National Tomorrow Party Arab Democratic Democratic Independents Independents Appointees (NDP) Democratic Party (Tagammu’) Unionist Party Progressive Centrist-liberal) (al-Ghad, Nasserist Party (al-Geel) Generation Party (other) Brotherhood) (Muslim round 1st 46 74 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 4 4 0 0 0 0 round 2nd Seats seats T otal 80 44 2

385 Med.2011 Appendices 386 Med.2011 Appendices People’sAssembly 2005 December 1 and Previous elections: 9 and 20 November 2010 December 5 and November 28 Elections Parliamentary Independents (includesone National DemocraticParty Party with theNDP) independents areaffiliated organisation; manyother suspended bythe whose membershipwas Muslim Brotherhood member (NDP) 1 420 81% Seats % 69 Turnout: firstround34.95%,second27.47% Unfilled vacancies(dueto 1 Nasserist Party 1 0.2% Independents (Muslim 0.2% Democratic PeaceParty 1 Democratic Generation 0.2% Social JusticeParty Tomorrow Party(al-Ghad) National Progressive New Wafd Party(NWP, Electoral Commission) races bytheHigher the invalidationoffour Brotherhood) Party (al-Geel) (Tagammu’) Unionist Party nationalist liberal) .%0 1 0.0% 0.2% 1 0.2% 5 0.9% .%6 1.1% 4 Database Parline electoral Observatorio Keesing’s Election IFES House Freedom Archive Election Carr’s Adam Sources asp www www.observatorioelectoral.es www.keesings.com www.electionguide.org/index.php www.freedomhouse.org http://psephos.adam-carr.net .ipu.org/parline/parlinesearch. Record of Worldof Events Record Guide TEIM http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/multimedia/publications/documents/annual-reports/europeaid_annual_report_2010_en.pdf Own production.Source:AnnualReport2010ontheEuropeanUnion’sDevelopmentandExternalAssistancePolicies andTheirImplementationin2009. Cooperation Union European http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/multimedia/publications/documents/annual-reports/europeaid_annual_report_2010_en.pdf Own production.Source:AnnualReport2010onthe EuropeanUnion’sDevelopmentandExternalAssistance Policies andTheirImplementation in2009. CHART A1 Mauritania Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya Egypt Occupied PalestinianTerritory Israel Jordan Lebanon Syria Turkey Cyprus Albania Macedonia (FYROM) Montenegro Serbia Bosnia andHerzegovina Croatia Slovenia Malta (in millionsofeuros) TABLE A1 millions of € 100 200 300 400 500 600 0

Slovenia

Croatia EU Cooperation2009 O D evelopment Fund(E fficial Bosnia and Herzegovina A d to id Serbia eierna Cutis iacd ne te uoen Commission European the under Financed Countries Mediterranean Montenegro D Macedonia F) in2009

Albania

Cyprus

Turkey

Syria

Lebanon Commitments

Jordan 146.08 140.03 399.78 533.26 185.42 111.26 139.04 46.58 77.03 68.03 48.19 48.78 82.14 77.89 31.29 2.09 1.50 - - - - Israel

West Bank and Gaza

Egypt

Libya Commitments B de and udget

Tunisia Payments 203.35 147.01 386.57 571.16 221.67 25.24 54.79 93.88 59.44 77.64 60.88 52.35 43.33 51.65 39.21 11.03 3.17 7.38 2.18 0.33

Algeria - h European the Payments Morocco

Mauritania

387 Med.2011 Appendices 388 Med.2011 Appendices Own production.Source:http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/work/ap/index_en.htm * ThedatafortheWest BankandGazaincludetheENPI, humanitarianaid,UNRWA andtheInstrumentforStability. Own production.Source:European Commission,http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/pdf/press_corner/key-documents/financial_assistance/2009/annex_working_document_en.pdf * Total includesmulti-beneficiaryprogrammes. T Macedonia (FY W Tunisia Syria Morocco Lebanon Jordan Israel Egypt Algeria T Croatia Instrument forPre-accession TABLE A3 (in millionsofeuros) TABLE A2 urkey otal E est BankandGaza* Component VRural Development Component IVHumanResourcesDevelopment Component IIIRegionalDevelopment Component IICross-borderCooperation Component I.Transition AssistanceandInstitutionBuilding Component VRuralDevelopment Component IVHumanResourcesDevelopment Component IIIRegionalDevelopment Component IICross-borderCooperation Component I.Transition AssistanceandInstitutionBuilding Component VRuraldevelopment Component IVHumanResourcesDevelopment Component IIIRegionalDevelopment Component IICross-borderCooperation Component I.Transition AssistanceandInstitutionBuilding Regional competitiveness Environment Transport Support activities Promotion ofanEU-Turkey civilsocietydialogue Adoption andimplementationoftheacquiscommunautaire Progress towardsfullymeetingtheCopenhagenpoliticalcriteria Technical Assistance Environment Transport Priority-axis supportingprogrammes Economic criteria Political criteria Regional competitiveness Environment Transport Supporting programmes Economic criteria Assumption oftheobligationsmembership Political criteria N PI ( B ilateral) RO M) Mediterranean CandidateCountriesfor European A N ssistance (IP eighbourhood andPartnershipInstrument(E A ) 2009 A ccession N PI): 2009and2010 PI): 353.6 CommitmentsundertheE 901.7 2009 35.6 143 140 68- 1.5 77 40 43

(in millionsofeuros) 54.8 67.6 60.3 99.60 68.90 30.92 15.7 17.93 12.7 18.5 18.5 11.16 20.55 5.13 1.2 3.9 6.34 4.04 8.75 2.63 7.76

182.7 204.55 85.6 55.6 10.20 20.80 37.06 25.8 14.2 49.7 15.9 42.1 3.05 7.10 4.37 2010 135 152 356 940 531.4 151.2* N 70 54 77 50 44 81.8* PI 2 Source: EuropeanCommission,http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/how-does-it-work/financial-assistance/planning-ipa_en.htm T A Serbia B Croatia Loans bySector TABLE A5 TABLE A4 Macedonia (FY Montenegro Multi-beneficiary programme Kosovo (Res.1244oftheUNSC) Serbia Montenegro Bosnia andHerzegovina Albania Turkey Macedonia (FYROM) Croatia urkey lbania osnia andHerzegovina Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleprojectscarriedoutbySMEs Equity participationinafundfocusingonsmall-scaleenergyefficiencyprojects insouth-east Europe Construction ofamotorwaysectioninPan-EuropeanCorridorXbetweenGrabovnica Construction ofsix220or400kVelectricitysubstations Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleprojectscarriedoutbySMEs Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleprojectscarriedoutbySMEsormid-capcompanies Equity participationinafundfocusingonsmall-scaleenergyefficiencyprojectssouth-east Europe Rehabilitation of52sectionstrunkroadwithatotallength687km Financing ofsmalland medium-scaleprojectscarriedoutby SMEs Lease financingofsmallandmedium-scale projects Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleprojects, withparticularfocusonsmallbusinesses Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleprojects Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleprojectsthroughML Equity participationinafundfocusingonsmall-scaleenergyefficiencyprojects insouth-east Europe Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleprojectscarriedoutbySMEs Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleprojectscarriedoutbymicroenterprises Equity participationinafundfocusingonsmall-scaleenergyefficiencyprojectssouth-east Europe Equity participationinafundfocusingon small-scaleenergyefficiencyprojectsinsouth Investment intheacademicresearchsystem oftheRepublicTurkey Construction andoperationofaclinker production lineinAnkara Construction ofahigh-speedrailwaylinebetweenIstanbulandAnkara Financing ofenvironmentalandenergyprojects Construction ofa135MWwindfarmintheOsmaniyeregion(easternTurkey) Upgrading andextensionofnationalelectricitydistributionnetworks Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleprojectscarriedoutbySMEs Equity participationinafundfocusingonsmall-scaleenergyefficiencyprojectssouth-east Europe Creation ofnationalsustainablewastemanagementsystem Rehabilitation ofroadsandbridgesthroughoutthecountry Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleprojectscarriedoutbySMEs Lease financingofsmallandmedium-scaleinfrastructureprojects Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleinfrastructureprojects Equity participationinafundfocusingonsmall-scaleenergyefficiencyprojectssouth-east Europe Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleinfrastructureprojects Construction ofanewSavabridgeandaccessroadsinBelgrade RO M) European Investment Provisions for A id undertheIP B ank LoanstoMediterraneanCountriesin2009 A for2010(CandidateandPotentialCandidateCountries) T loans and LevosojeinsouthernSerbia -east Europe Millions ofeuros Millions ofeuros 2,648 100 100 250 550 100 150 360 140 384 335 293 300 125 360 103 896.5 415 153 111 157.7 198.7 106.0 653.7 154.2 24.5 60 10 10 50 30 51 27 30 20 10 25 70 13 67.3 34.0 93.2 92.3 3 5 3 3 5 3 3 (Continue)

389 Med.2011 Appendices 390 Med.2011 Appendices Own production.Source:EIB,http://www.eib.org/attachments/general/reports/st2009en.pdf Own production.Source:ECHO AnnualReview2009.http://ec.europa.eu/echo/files/media/publications/annual_report/annual_report_2009_en.pdf Israel Jordan Syria Lebanon Egypt T Morocco TABLE A5 T MENA A Funding TABLE A6 otal unisia rea RDI inthefieldofspecialtychemicalsseveralcountries Increase intheproductioncapacityofHaderadesalinationplant Greater Ammanarea the to mainly water, drinking supply to pipeline, km 325 a including system, transport and extraction water a of Construction Construction ofacementplantongreenfieldsitenearAleppo Framework loanforinvestmentschemesinSyriancities Construction ofawastewatertreatmentplant,seweragenetworkandseaoutfallinTabarja, nearJounieh Financing ofamicrofinancecompanybasedintheDakahlyaregion Framework loanforwatersupplyandwastewaterschemesinfourgovernoratestheNile Delta Large-scale onshorewindfarmontheRedSeacoast,south-eastofCairo,tosupplynational powergrid Construction ofaphosphoricacidplantclosetoanexisting(Skhira)nearGabèsin southernT Construction ofanairportnearthetownEnfidha Construction ofatollmotorwaysectionfromSfaxtoGabèsinsouthernTunisia Participation inthe2009-2012developmentplanforeducationsystem Construction ofalow-costvehiclemanufacturingplantintheMelloussafreeeconomiczone, 30kmfromtheportofTangiers Construction oftheRabatmotorwaybypassandwideningRabat-Casablanca Construction oftwotramwaylinesbetweenRabatandSalé Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleprojectscarriedoutbySMEs,primarilyinthemanufacturing andservicessectors Financing ofsmallandmedium-scaleprojects,mainlyinthemanufacturingservicessectors W Palestinian Refugees(Lebanon,Jordan,Syria) Palestinian Territories estern Sahara(Sahrawirefugees) D ecisions inMediterranean European Investment EU Humanitarian A A reas in2009 id D B epartment (ECH ank LoanstoMediterraneanCountriesin2009 O ) unisia Millions ofeuros 10.0 66.0 10.9 86.9 165.8 104.9 234 200 100 225 150 200 130 165.8 154.9 434 122 540 56.3 25.2 50 70 70 50 70 15 81.5 70 2 Source: AECID,SeguimientoPACI (PACI Follow-ups,i.e.reports ontheAnnualInternationalCooperationPlan)for2008and 2009. in the Mediterranean the in Cooperation Spanish Source: AECID,SeguimientoPACI 2009. Financial InfrastructureandServices54% B Maghreb andMiddleEast CHART B1 TABLE B1 alkans and T Turkey Kosovo (Serbia) Serbia Montenegro Macedonia (FYROM) Croatia Bosnia andHerzegovina Albania Total Tunisia Syria Western SaharanRefugees Palestine Morocco Libya Lebanon Jordan Egypt Algeria otal T urkey B B reakdown ofSpanish reakdown of N et Spanish D evelopment 110,839,404 314,248,707 63,853,483 11,309,809 29,396,450 11,226,020 23,884,784 68,927,467 81,362,865 35,918,674 10,835,886 44,504,061 O 4,508,823 5,163,120 8,768,835 fficial 752,551 283,109 652,584 € 82,595 3,708 D evelopment A id intheMaghrebandMiddleEast bySector(2009) 2008 A 100.00 100.00 57.61 10.20 26.52 21.93 25.89 11.43 14.16 ssistance intheMediterranean 0.68 0.07 0.26 % 0.59 4.07 3.57 1.64 7.60 0.00 2.79 3.45 Other SocialServicesandInfrastructure6% Governance andCivilSociety8% Water SupplyandTreatment1% Population andReproductiveHealthProgrammes/Policies 2% Health 5% Education 4% Non-Sectoral 15% Multi-Sector 2% Productive Sectors3% 140,524,582 401,265,175 136,923,140 39,026,882 97,144,737 26,477,111 10,298,105 89,143,277 20,835,166 71,376,756 17,350,782 14,793,292 2,888,061 1,290,507 1,254,918 4,502,032 7,287,400 R 668,369 502,774 egion € 26,448 2009 100.00 100.00 69.13 18.84 22.22 17.79 34.12 0.48 2.06 0.92 0.89 0.36 % 7.33 1.12 5.19 0.01 4.32 1.82 3.69 9.73

391 Med.2011 Appendices 392 Med.2011 Appendices Source: AECID,SeguimientoPACI 2009. Source: AECID,SeguimientoPACI 2009. Financial InfrastructureandServices88% Maghreb andMiddleEast TABLE B2 CHART B2 B alkans and lei 776,004 Algeria Egypt odn252,103 Jordan eao 121,738 Lebanon ooc ,4,9 2,2 ,7,5 ,1,2 8,2 ,6,6 ,0,7 ,1,4 ,2,0 ,8,0 4,2 5,455 544,724 2,688,901 2,027,403 1,111,344 1,809,877 1,369,761 287,128 8,116,029 9,775,358 926,621 2,743,791 Morocco aetn ,0,9 ,3,8 2,9 ,0,8 4,7 0,8 52,170 203,286 344,775 1,003,086 627,390 3,537,887 6,504,694 Palestine Refugees Saharan Western Syria uii 1,2 ,0 7,8 232,500 672,989 9,200 214,523 Tunisia lai 9,0 4,0 2,3 400,000 322,838 345,000 698,906 Albania Herzegovina Bosnia and Croatia (FYROM) Macedonia Montenegro eba458,750 Serbia (Serbia) Kosovo Turkey T urkey Governance D 1,115,565 emocratic 6,8 0,0 ,6,2 252,000 1,963,826 800,000 564,787 2,0 9,4 1,9 ,7,1 5,0 7,0 ,0 265170128265013295445811,962,830 5,474,508 123,249 6,500 102,802 1,750 12,665 6,005 275,000 752,000 1,175,814 117,695 694,449 129,900 13,750 13,750 10,050 0 B B ment and D reakdown ofSpanishCooperationintheMediterranean reakdown ofSpanish A ugr Education Hunger evelop- 3,8 ,9,1 3,0 9,7 9,0 7,2 3,0 0,7 480,162 709,474 536,900 379,323 695,700 293,971 232,500 1,393,710 637,082 R Fight gainst ural 9,6 819,667 595,964 0 ,7,8 336,041 1,479,186 0 3,9 300,000 733,697 0 4,4 937200019,643,000 220,000 39,377 344,942 0 225,048 0 32,868 0 2,200 0 936,613 0 0 1,141,966 0 0 Health D evelopment 0 0 0 0 0 0 Sanitation Water and 1,764,195 0 ,3,2 5,0 2,3 151,056 126,035 255,500 3,731,925 0 9,8 1,329,756 794,086 0 8,8 69,555 389,286 0 5,8 4,4 5,7 7,7 911,796 578,477 758,176 849,547 259,286 0 3,000,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Economic D A Growth Human evelop- ment id inthe for 0 0 0 0 0 1,000 0 Change and Combating Sustain Environ- Climate Habitat mental ability, B alkans and ­ 0,6 8,6 29,595 482,463 406,462 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 T for Human R echnology D Science, esearch evelop- ment and R egion by T 4,2 501,037 445,426 0 0,8 1,403,278 900,780 0 171,433 0 0 0 0 0 0 191,303 0 0 241,480 0 urkey bySector(2009) D Other SocialServicesandInfrastructure2% Governance andCivilSociety3% Water SupplyandTreatment4% Population andReproductiveHealthProgrammes/Policies1% Education 2% Health 0% Non-Sectoral 0% Multi-Sector 0% Productive Sectors0% Culture evelop- ment and O 170,000 0 8,000 0 0 0 0 62,853 0 bjective (2009) D Gender evelop- ment in 0,0 61,910 200,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Migration D evelop- ment and 0 0 ,4,9 6,5 3,336,769 263,550 8,743,193 0 ,4,8 ,7,7 47,787,349 7,170,979 1,841,083 0 0 0 0 1,461,285 0 0 0 0 490,000 0 0 0 B Peace- uilding 0 0 ,0,2 1,136,832 1,701,229 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Humanitar- ian A ction 37,220,886 0 8,926,936 0 1,093,241 0 126,608,627 0 89,211,590 0 5,361,361 0 3,644,942 0 277,726 0 1,208,299 0 1,288,307 0 811,395 0 0 95,750,241 0 A O 591,766 reas ther Own production.Source:*EUROSTAT; restfromtheofficialstatisticsinstituteofeachEUcountry. Mostrecentdataavailable. Mediterranean the in Migrations T (2005)* United Kingdom wdn(00* 3 ,8 ,7 ,7 ,2 ,5 2,543 1,458 3,422 1,175 1,179 1,981 730 Sweden (2010)* Finland (2010)* Slovakia (2010)* Slovenia (2010)* Romania (2009)* otgl(00* 3 ,3 4 9 53 62 639321457,306 3,231 329 66 23 46 33 25 398 141 1,934 236 Portugal (2010)* Poland (2010)* Austria (2009)* ehrad 21) 776,6 ,6 ,7 7 1 372 212 573 2,575 1,165 66,568 797 Netherlands (2010)* Malta (2008)* ugr 21) 239 2 0 1 8 3 8127171526200,005 5,256 1,701 1,257 98 137 284 816 507 120 93 243 Hungary (2010)* uebug(06 2440233 46 3 4 33 213 430 224 Luxembourg (2006) Lithuania (2008)* Latvia (2010)* Cyprus (2001) Italy (2010)* rne(07 62916557256814,932 225,618 685,567 682,931 France (2007) pi 21) 5,6 4,1 ,4 ,8 ,2 ,9 1,364 1,098 2,425 3,086 1,946 740,819 57,667 Spain (2010)* Greece (2006) Ireland (2010)* Estonia (2000) emn 21) 1,1 9042,8 2853,8 ,9 39,879 8,298 31,583 12,885 24,280 69,034 14,111 Germany (2010)* emr 21) 33273445791701,567 750 901 577 454 2,783 303 Denmark (2010)* TABLE C1 (2010)* Czech Republic Bulgaria (2009)* egu 20) 8,185 Belgium (2008)* otal 0,9 ,8,8 6,5 3,9 6601,7 8581403,3 ,8,9 ,7,9 30,962,204 5,971,098 2,380,095 30,530 1,470 88,528 17,478 56,660 139,696 366,456 2,089,286 800,899 A 549415913688,6 ,8 ,3 ,6 9 ,7 76163724,235,059 673,722 17,651 2,479 494 3,860 2,638 3,880 82,064 103,678 431,529 25,449 N graMorocco lgeria ,8 ,9 ,5 3,514 1,054 5,797 7,482 umber ofForeignersfromMPCsintheEuropeanUnionby 2 5 6 0 5 3 2 836389659154,623 6,559 3,809 376 18 128 138 156 402 361 850 321 4 37 0 7 5 3 33314145,464 1,481 363 53 3 131 150 277 109 71 83 241 4 1 ,1 ,5 ,0 3 563 334 1,209 5,058 1,515 911 643 8 5 7 ,6 ,4 9 5 1 6 4 875906,000 18,795 947 169 217 754 491 5,747 9,461 271 550 188 9 5 7356 65 41431168385,730 1,698 311 124 54 59 96 65 385 57 150 397 0 0 5 5 8 9 8 1 5 9 ,3 424,419 4,532 892 755 114 281 195 486 451 550 202 606 22 3197 98 8123010362,882 1,053 350 182 48 85 39 79 119 73 26 52 65 0102 072 9 6 15,460 567 197 8 21 7 60 25 130 50 53 16 11 02 34 1 1 4 09522823,838 2,218 945 70 3 344 112 615 40 23 26 40 8 2 222 0834 8 20 25 2 12 9 11 0 ,3 0 6 693 96 869 205 1,436 705 13 11 6 1 98735110516927158271463,5 3,3 971,448 137,839 39,954 1,496 267 1,598 267 1,609 1,005 3,591 79,867 33 01 21 2 3 16 10 34 23 5 ,8 8 0 27022055331,354 5,573 2,250 730 12 709 581 1,284 3 1 1 21 2137 12 13 22 7 3 1 T nsaEytSraJra eao aetn Israel Palestine Lebanon Jordan Syria Egypt unisia 1 25,177 7,834 N ationality 1 ,2 1,7 2,3 864,397 122,332 110,678 1,421 - ,7 0871453652,188 164,573 90,837 1,474 - 7 3 1 42,934 717 139 373 - 318 - ,9 ,9 1,9 5,663,525 812,892 2,590 1,897 - 10617282193987,130,919 1,973,938 1,762,822 11,046 - 1 8923,2 329,797 36,923 28,972 616 - ,1 6036,8 3,066,055 66,686 36,093 4,912 2 0802,4 590,475 23,848 10,840 520 822133206,000 1,303 292 58 16 T 6,2 ,0,5 3,674,000 1,901,152 266,927 urkey 82082,176 200 78 755392,150 515 87 5349125,000 3,469 35 6229,000 26 6 Euromed T otal Foreigners O ther

393 Med.2011 Appendices 394 Med.2011 Appendices Own production.Source:OECD. TABLE C2 Belgium (2007) France (2006) Italy (2007) Greece (2008) Germany (2008) Spain (2008) Netherlands (2007) Belgium (2007) France (2006) Italy (2007) Greece (2008) Germany (2008) Spain (2008) Netherlands (2007) Belgium (2007) France (2006) Germany (2008) Italy (2007) Greece (2008) Netherlands (2007) Spain (2008) Belgium (2007) France (2006) Germany (2008) Greece (2008) Netherlands (2007) Italy (2007) Spain (2008) Greece (2008) Germany (2008) France (2006) Belgium (2007) Spain (2008) Netherlands (2007) Italy (2007) Greece (2008) Germany (2008) France (2006) Belgium (2007) Italy (2007) Spain (2008) Netherlands (2007)

Foreigners intheLabourMarket % ofimmigrantsinthelabourmarket % ofimmigrantsinthelabourmarket % ofimmigrantsinthelabourmarket % ofimmigrantsinthelabourmarket % ofimmigrantsinthelabourmarket % ofimmigrantsinthelabourmarket 50.6% 32.9% 51.9% 29.5% 29.2% 59.5% 42.4% 45.7% 34.8% 43.1% 36.7% 51.4% 47.2% 36.8% 33.5% 43.1% 28.5% 50.5% 33.5% 43.7% 37.2% 35.1% 34.5% 61.3% 52.5% 31.5% n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Lebanon (1.5%ofMedmigrantsintheEU) A Morocco (35%ofMedmigrantsintheEU) T urkey (39.9%ofMedmigrantsintheEU) Egypt (2.5%ofMedmigrantsintheEU) T lgeria (13.4%ofMedmigrantsintheEU) unisia (6%ofMedmigrantsintheEU) e a fttl Women(as%oftotal) Men (as%oftotal) e a fttl Women(as%oftotal) Men (as%oftotal) e a fttl Women(as%oftotal) Men (as%oftotal) e a fttl Women (as%oftotal) Men (as%oftotal) e a fttl Women(as%oftotal) Men (as%oftotal) e a fttl Women(as%oftotal) Men (as%oftotal) 75.7% 63.6% 95.7% 88.0% 77.0% 69.9% 93.1% 80.5% 71.5% 63.2% 76.5% 83.7% 76.4% 76.9% 70.5% 71.2% 66.4% 70.4% 71.7% 79.4% 86.2% 79.9% 97.4% 98.2% 89.4% n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 24.3% 36.4% 12.0% 23.0% 30.1% 19.5% 28.5% 36.8% 23.5% 16.3% 23.6% 23.1% 29.5% 28.8% 33.6% 29.6% 28.3% 20.6% 13.8% 20.1% 10.6% 4.3% 6.9% 2.6% 1.8% n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Country Association Agreements TheEuro-Mediterranean • * On21May2006,areferéndumwasheld,whichledto Montenegro’sindependencefromtheFederationithadformedwith Serbia. • • • * InterimagreementsignedbytheEUandPLO (tothebenefitofPalestinianAuthority). Syria Lebanon Algeria Egypt Jordan Palestine TABLE D1 TABLE D2 Country Albania Morocco Israel Tunisia Montenegro Serbia Macedonia Croatia Herzegovina Bosnia and with the EU: the Stabilisation and Association Agreements (SAAs), under which they aim to progress to towards closer associationwiththeEU. aim they which under (SAAs), Agreements Association and Stabilisation the EU: the with relationship contractual new a for them preparing transition economic and political a out carry to country (SAP) ess Proc- WesternAssociation the and with Stabilisation relations the EU by regulated are Countries Balkan force requirestheEuropeanParliament’sevaluationandratificationbyMemberStates. into entry definitive The Syria. by signed is it when provisionally force into enter will agreement The ion. Un- European the with Agreement Association the signing postponed indefinitely Syria However, 2009. the 2008 In into forceinJanuary1996andisbasedontheFirstGenerationAgreementof1963. Until itsaccessiontotheEU,Turkey shallbegovernedbytheCustomsUnionAgreement,whichentered ment ofthePartnerCountryandParliaments25MemberStatesEuropeanUnion. Parlia- the Parliament, European the by ratified be must Agreement Association each force Tointo enter . The SAP serves as a framework for the development of various instruments and helps each helps and instruments various of development the for framework a as serves SAP The . Euro-Mediterranean Stabilisation and Association Agreement with Syria was revised. It was planned to be ratified on 26 October 26 on ratified be to planned was It revised. was Syria with Agreement Association oebr20 coe 01Mrh20 eray20 ue20 October2005 June2004 February2005 March2002 October2001 June2008 November 2000 November 2005 October 2005/ Start of N coe 05Arl20 February2010 April2008 October 2005 aur 03June2006 January 2003 ac 00April2001 March 2000 egotiations July 2006* Start of December 1993 December 1993 December 1994 November 1995 March 1998 March 1995 June 1997 May 1996 July 1995 N egotiations A ssociation A ssociation coe 07Jnay20 a 00December 2010 May2010 January2008 October 2007 A greement Signed October 2004/December2008 A greements withWestern A A greement Concluded greements September 1995 December 2001 December 1996 November 1995 January 2002 June 1999 June 1995 April 1997 (Interim Entry intoForce eebr20 April2009 December 2006 ue20 pi 04December2005 April2004 June 2001 July 2008 A greement) B alkan Countries A Entry into greement Signed November 1995 November 1997 February 1997 February 1996 Force June 2002 April 2002 June 2001 July 1995 Candidate Country Entry intoForce September 2005 December 1997 March 2000 June 2004 June 2000 April 2006 July 1997* May 2002 N egotiations Start of

395 Med.2011 Appendices 396 Med.2011 Appendices • • • • • • • • by thecountry A Country TABLE D3

doption the levelsofcooperationandaccesstoEuropeanMarket. represented bytheAssociationAgreements. framework legal the of tools operational the are Plans Action reform. economic and political for timetable applied forEUaccession. Montenegro and (2005) Macedonia (2004), (2010) have already been granted candidate country status. Albania Croatia (2009) and Serbia (2009) have also accession. EU for candidates potential as ered the ICTY, theCommissionstillnotesnumerousdysfunctionsininstitutionalandjudiciaryspheres. with collaboration in progress real despite However, effect. took Agreement Interim the and signed was declaration its After which enteredintoforceinFebruary2010. ICTY.the with cooperating is fully Serbia Interim Agreement, the Council unfroze the December 2009, In signed the agreement. The Interim Agreement will not enter into force until the EU Council considers that Serbia and Union European the 2008, April In 2007. June 13 on resume to negotations allowed which measure ICTY,a the with cooperation for Council National a constituted and plan a launched Belgrade in administration new the 2007, early In Yugoslavia(ICTY). former the Tribunalfor Criminal International Serbia with Negotiations In 2010therewasnoprogressmadebythetwocountrieswhichareyettoagreeanActionPlan. analysed is Progress Plan, Action An its neighbouringcountriesbasedonthedifferentlevelsofcooperationestablished. towards policy differentiated progressive, a maintain to Union European the allow Plans Action ENP The 2003, June In Three years after the national ratification process and closer relations with the EU. The SAA entered into force in May 2010. towards progress represented Agreement Interim the of force into entry the 2008, January In 2007. ber Octo- 15 on signed was SAA The Montenegro. independent with relations maintained has EU the State, pi 05June2005 April 2005 salJordan Israel European the Thessaloniki European Council decided that all Western Balkan countries be consid- be countries Balkan Western all that decided Council European Thessaloniki the developed after the signing of an Association Agreement, establishes priorities and a and priorities establishes Agreement, Association an of signing the after developed the start of negotiations between the EU and Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2005, the SAA N n te Us cnwegmn o Mneer a a oeeg ad independent and sovereign a as Montenegro of acknowledgement EU’s the and eighbourhood each year through evaluation reports. The extent of the progress made determines made progress the of extent The reports. evaluation through year each were interrupted in May 2006 due to lack of progress in cooperation with the with cooperation in progress of lack to due 2006 May in interrupted were uy20 a 05Jl 05Mrh20 January March2007 July2005 May2005 July 2005 T A unisia ction Plans Palestinian T rioisMrcoEytLebanon Egypt Morocco erritories 2007 A graLibya lgeria - - succession. succession. Employment. a. e. e. a. punishment. or treatment e. Source: Conventions and Multilateral of Signature Treaties Source: Suppression oftheFinancingTerrorism. Algeria Tunisia Libya Egypt Palestine Turkey Malta Algeria Israel Cyprus Serbia Italy Malta Montenegro Tunisia Israel Cyprus Italy Jordan Greece Serbia onaadHreoia19 9319 0019 9319 011996 2001 1993 1993 1993 2000 1993 1993 1993 Bosnia andHerzegovina France onaadHreoia19 9319 9319 9319 022003 2002 1992 1993 1993 1993 Jordan 1993 1993 Greece 1993 Bosnia andHerzegovina France Libya Morocco Lebanon Syria Albania Macedonia Montenegro TABLE E2 Morocco Egypt Palestine Lebanon Syria Turkey Albania Macedonia Croatia Slovenia Spain Portugal D TABLE E1 Croatia Slovenia Spain Portugal D Ratification, acceptance, approval, accession or succession. succession. or accession approval, acceptance, Ratification, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. Cultural and Social Economic, on Covenant International Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention. Convention. Organise to Right the of Protection and Association of Freedom Convention on Equal Remuneration for Men and Women Workers for Work of Equal Value. Value. Equal of Work for Workers Women and Men for Remuneration Equal on Convention ate ofadoption ate ofadoption k. h. Signature. Signature. Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention. Convention. Labour Child of Forms Worst h. Convention on the Rights of the Child. the of Rights the on Convention Multilateral Multilateral discrimination Convention collective bargaining 9216 9216 9216 9420 2005 2001 1984 1969 1962 1969 1962 1962 1962 971957 1957 0016 9116 9216 9520 2004 2000 1975 1961 1962 1961 1961 1962 2000 9715 9515 9016 9920 1993 2002 1999 1960 1960 1958 1955 1954 1957 9315 9816 9716 9820 2004 2001 1998 1967 1967 1961 1998 1952 1993 9516 9516 9816 982001 1988 1968 1988 1965 1965 1965 1965 9715 9515 9515 992005 1979 2000 1959 1997 1965 1968 1958 1987 1955 1960 1957 1960 1957 1966 1966 0020 0020 0020 0020 2004 2003 2000 2000 2000 1981 2000 1963 2003 1956 2000 1968 2000 1934 2000 1958 1958 9216 9216 9518 962001 1986 1984 1975 1962 1952 1962 1962 9115 9716 9318 902001 1990 1981 1953 1969 1937 1951 1951 1960 1991 1992 1977 9715 9719 9719 9820 2007 2006 2001 2006 1998 2006 1997 2006 1957 2006 1997 2006 1957 2006 1957 2006 1957 2006 9119 9119 9119 912001 1991 2001 1991 1977 1991 1967 1997 1967 1991 1967 1991 1932 1991 1977 1977 R 9218 9919 9919 932000 1963 1993 1989 1996 1989 1989 1972 9119 9019 901990 1990 1991 1990 1990 1971 0620 0620 0620 0620 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 9716 9918 9819 1956 1992 1988 1985 1969 1969 1967 9919 9119 9119 902000 2001 1950 2002 1991 1982 1991 1991 2003 1991 1991 1999 1991 1985 1952 1991 1969 1991 1979 1969 1989 1967 1985 1978 1978 1976 0120 0120 0120 0120 2002 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 9417 9519 9119 9020 2003 2002 2004 1950 2002 1991 1954 1991 1993 2002 1992 1988 2000 1975 1983 1950 1975 1985 1990 1974 1997 1986 1970 1983 1980 1980 1971 9817 9018 9919 1989 1993 1989 1989 1970 1970 1968 9718 9218 9619 922000 1952 2002 1990 1953 2003 1986 1991 2003 1955 1981 2000 2001 1992 2002 1982 1997 1992 1994 1982 2000 1972 1992 1994 1967 1968 1972 1992 1991 1990 1971 1992 1991 1987 1992 1994 1984 1992 1977 1992 1977 1968 1970 1969 2002 1994 1992 1982 9814 9015 9115 9319 1990 1999 1973 1958 1951 1957 1930 1949 1948 9616 9617 9418 9819 1999 1998 1948 1989 1984 1979 1966 1966 1966 87 ILO acial UN

association and

a Freedom of T T reaties onLabour reaties onHuman c Convention i. Civil and political Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families. Families. Their of Members and Workers Migrant All of Rights the of Protection the on Convention 9816 9816 9319 2000 1998 1963 1966 1958 1966 1968 9717 9717 9720 2001 2003 1977 1977 1977 1977 1977 1992 1964 1957 1957 1991 rights 1979 1969 2003 1994 1992 1978 98 b. ILO UN

Signature. Signature. b Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. of Crime the of Punishment and Prevention the on Convention i. f. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women.against Discrimination of Forms All of Elimination the on Convention d cultural rights c. Economic, Economic, Convention social and International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. Discrimination. Racial of Forms All of Elimination the on Convention International b. R 9215 9815 952000 1995 1959 1968 1959 1962 1978 1957 1960 1991 1992 1956 1979 1969 2003 1994 1992 R Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention. Convention. Bargaining Collective and Organise to Right 29 ILO obligatory labour UN ights (yearofratification) ights andPenalMatters

Elimination of c forced or e f. f. D Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention. Convention. Occupation) and (Employment Discrimination iscrimination Convention women against 2003 1985 1994 1992 1980 1966 1958 2003 1993 1997 1959 105 ILO UN

d f Elimination ofdiscrimination mistreatment in respectofemployment Convention and other T 2004 1988 1994 1993 1989 1979 1957 1991 1993 1992 1967 a orture 100 ILO UN

and occupation e g

Convention R of the 1993 1995 1993 1992 1990 1963 1960 1991 1992 1959 1993 child c. Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Criminal International the of Statute Rome j. 111 ights Forced Labour Convention. Convention. Labour Forced ILO UN

Convention against torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading or inhuman cruel, other and torture against Convention g. f h g. Convention genocide Convention concerning Minimum Age for Admission to to Admission for Age Minimum concerning Convention Crime of d. 1955 1950 1994 1992 1999 2000 2001 1991 1992 1998 1958 138 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Rights. Political and Civil on Covenant International ILO UN j. j.

Ratification, acceptance, approval, accession or accession approval, acceptance, Ratification, g child labour A bolition of i d. Abolition of Forced Labour Convention. Convention. Labour Forced of Abolition International Convention Criminal 022001 2002 2000 2002 2001 2002 2000 Court 2001 2003 2002 2001 2000 182 ILO UN

h b b b b b j Convention for the for Convention k. immigrant Financing terrorism R workers OHCHR

1993 2005 ights of 2003 2002 2005 2002 2004 2004 2002 2002 2001 2005 2003 UN of

k k i,j k

397 Med.2011 Appendices 398 Med.2011 Appendices a. Source: Source: sity. sonnel MinesandontheirDestruction. Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction. tion on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects. d. a. progress ofthestrategy, andculminatesinitsimplementation.k.Year ofupdate.(..)Unavailableinformation. approval, accession or succession. or accession approval, Tunisia Libya Palestine 2009 Israel Jordan 2002 Cyprus Greece 2007 Montenegro 2000 Serbia Bosnia andHerzegovina Italy Algeria Egypt Turkey Malta France TABLE E3 Morocco Lebanon Syria Albania Macedonia Croatia Slovenia Spain Portugal D TABLE E4 Morocco Libya Egypt Palestine Syria Albania Macedonia Slovenia Portugal D Lebanon Tunisia Greece Croatia Spain Jordan Algeria Cyprus Bosnia andHerzegovina France Israel Turkey Italy Serbia Malta Montenegro Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. Framework Convention on Climate Change. Climate on Convention Framework Ratification, acceptance, approval, accession or succession. succession. or accession approval, acceptance, Ratification, ate ofadoption ate ofadoption e. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna. Multilateral Environmental Multilateral i. Signature. Change Climate 9320 9320 9419 2004 2005 1995 1996 2004 1974 2003 1996 2005 2003 2006 2005 1978 2000 1993 1997 2006 2001 2009 2003 1974 2003 1992 2007 1995 2006 2007 1993 2003 2001 1993 2007 2004 1999 2004 2006 2003 1996 1997 1994 2006 1996 2006 1993 1999 1979 2006 2002 2002 1997 2004 1994 2007 2007 1994 2006 2001 2002 1994 9320 9520 9319 2006 2003 1996 1995 1983 1978 2004 2003 1995 1994 2005 2005 1993 1994 042009 2004 9420 0020 9919 2001 2004 1998 1997 1989 1978 2007 2003 2000 1994 2001 2002 1994 1994 1995 1996 1998 1995 1993 9420 9420 0320 2004 2000 2007 2003 1994 2000 2005 2004 2006 2000 1994 1996 1994 2002 2005 1986 1996 1994 2002 2007 1993 1996 2002 1993 9219 9220 9319 012007 2001 1994 1973 2000 1992 1997 1992 Protocol Geneva UN 1970 1928 1929 1970 1971 1968 1989 2008 1930 1969 1967 1931 2006 1929 1977 1992 1966 1926 1969 1928 2006

1925 From the Framework Convention on Climate Change. Climate on Convention Framework the From b. UN

j. The National Strategy for Sustainable Development can be found in different stages that go, from smallest to greatest commitment, from the absence of data, to the to data, of absence the from commitment, greatest to smallest from go, that stages different in found be can Development Sustainable for Strategy National The a D isarmament c e. Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Bacteriological and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction. f. Protocol

2002 2006 2004 2002 2002 K yoto UN b. Signature. Signature. weapons N h 1995 2006 1970 1970 1981 1980 1975 1968 1990 1992 1977 1970 1970 1970 1992 1987 1970 1995 1970 1992 1994 1975 1970 b 1968 uclear

UN T

reaties T reaties c. B D Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare. Warfare. of Methods Bacteriological of and Gases, other or Poisonous Asphyxiating, of War in Use the of Prohibition the for Protocol d iological h. Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty. iversity 9720 9619 2009 1995 1998 1996 2003 1996 1997 1997 1996 1993 UN

a h f. B c Convention to Combat Desertification. acteriological weapons 1997 2002 1972 1974 2006 1975 1982 1972 1992 1992 1972 1975 1973 1975 1993 1979 1975 2001 1973 1984 1994 1975 1973 1972 B UN Protocol iosecurity

2004 2005 2002 2004 2000 Convention on Biological Diversity.Biological on Convention c. b b UN e h i d Conventional weapons CI 1996 2002 1981 2005 2006 1995 2002 1992 1997

1987 1992 1993 1993 1995 1988 1988 1993 1995 1995 2001 9919 2001 1996 1979 2003 2010 2000 2002 2009 2000 1980 1975 CITES 1980 T UN

i. Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Antiper- ES b e g. f Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. fication D d. 962003 1996 1997 2002 2001 1996 1996 eserti Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diver- Biological on Convention the to Biosafety on Protocol Cartagena UN weapons

Chemical 1997 1995 1997 2006 1997 2004 1994 1997 1996 2008 1997 1994 1995 1994 1997 1995 1998 1995 1997 1993 1995 2000 1992 UN ­ f b g Pollutants Persistent O

2005 2004 2004 2004 2004 rganic g. Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, UN i i i i N testing g 2000 2000 1996 1996 2000 2006 2001

2004 2003 1999 2000 2008 2004 1999 2001 1998 1998 2003 2003 1998 2006 1999 2004 1996 uclear UN D Sustainable Strategy for implemented implemented implemented implemented implemented implemented implemented implemented implemented implemented implemented implemented implemented implemented implemented no strategy evelopment in process in process in process N b b h ational A UN genda 21process

...... k h. Ratification, acceptance, A j ntipersonnel municipalities involved in A N mines 2003 2006 2001 1998 2000 1998 1999 1999 2003 1998 1999 1998 2001 2003 1998 1998 1999 2003 1997 genda 21 umber of UN 2001

429 359 WRI 50 39 20 20 69 27 2 7 3 4 6 2 7 1 3 5 3 1

i ...... Conven- k Due to changes in calculation methodology for the Human Development Index (HDI). thesedataarenotcomparablewiththoseofpreviousyears.(..)Dataunavailable. a. DuetochangesincalculationmethodologyfortheHumanDevelopmentIndex(HDI). Own production.Source: Brief Thein Mediterranean Own production.Source:UNDP andUNFPA. Montenegro Serbia Malta Italy France Spain Portugal CHART F1 Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya Palestine Israel Jordan Lebanon Turkey Cyprus Greece Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina TABLE F1 Egypt Macedonia Croatia Slovenia GNI per capita ($ PPP) Syria 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 5,000 0 69

Components oftheHuman Human Population (millions) Life Expectancy EG Hong Kong(China) 71 at D years 2010 74.5 72.4 76.9 74.6 74.4 75.5 80.0 81.4 81.6 81.3 79.1 71.8 72.9 74.3 73.9 81.2 73.1 72.2 80.0 79.7 70.5 74.5 76.7 78.8 74.6 UNDP evelopment Index(H B Switzerland irth Australia Iceland Top 5CountrieswithHighest Japan MA TR Life Expectancy(years)

LB 5 20 80 of schooling Mean years DZ 73 LY D years 2010 10.4 10.4 10.6 11.9 10.5 10.4 UNDP evelopment Index(H 9.5 8.7 9.9 9.7 8.0 4.4 7.2 6.5 8.6 6.5 9.9 7.3 6.5 8.2 9.0 9.0 4.9 .. .. D I) 81.9 82.1 82.2 TN Life Expectancyat Birth(years) RS JO

82.5

SY MK ME Expected years 75 of schooling 2010 14.4 13.5 13.0 14.4 16.3 16.1 16.4 15.5 12.8 14.5 15.6 13.1 13.8 16.5 10.5 13.1 11.8 11.3 16.5 13.5 11.0 12.3 13.8 16.7 10.5 UNDP EG % 83.2 D I) (2010) HR

77 AL United ArabEmirates per capita 10,449 29,619 34,341 29,661 22,105 27,831 21,962 27,580 16,389 25,857 12,491 21,004 17,068 13,475 13,359 PPP $ 2010 8,222 8,320 7,979 5,956 5,889 9,487 7,976 4,760 4,628 UNDP G N I Per CapitaIncome(GNI)($PPA) .. Top 5CountrieswithHighest Norway Kuwait Qatar 79

SI

PT D evelopment Human Index 0.735 0.710 0.854 0.872 0.863 0.795 0.719 0.755 0.677 0.683 0.872 0.681 0.810 0.855 0.620 0.701 0.767 0.828 0.769 0.815 0.567 0.589 0.679 2010 GR UNDP .. .. a MT CY 81

55,719 IL ES Position inH 58,006 58,810 FR R anking 2010 UNDP 101 111 114 IT 60 68 23 14 20 40 84 81 15 82 35 22 64 53 71 51 29 49 33 83 79,426 81,011 .. .. a 83 D I

399 Med.2011 Appendices 400 Med.2011 Appendices Own production.Source: (Countries appearindescending orderonthebasisoftheirdemographicevolution). Own production.Source:UNFPA. sideration. (..)Dataunavailable. emigrants. of number annual the less immigrants of number annual the migrants: of average annual Net a. Palestine Turkey Israel Cyprus Greece Montenegro Jordan Albania Croatia Morocco Algeria Tunisia Serbia Egypt Lebanon Syria Macedonia Slovenia CHART F2 Libya TABLE F2 Bosnia and Herzegovina Portugal Malta Italy France Spain

Population (millions) 100 120 20 40 60 80 0 2010

Egypt

Turkey 2050 Syria Projected Population: Pop ilosmillions millions NP UNFPA UNFPA 2010 T 75.7 121. 01 . .91131. 02.7 30 10.1 1,133 1.39 0.4 10 10 10.9 11.2 544. 151523 4 . 2 -0.8 -0.4 -28 -4 0.7 0.3 242 34 2.32 1.83 1.5 1.0 5 6 21 18 49.6 12.7 32.4 35.4 10.4 451952 . .72503-8-0.8 -68 7.7 0.3 160 245 9.8 2.77 2,206 1.8 4.59 6 2.5 25 3 129.5 28 84.5 36.9 22.5 0710.0 10.7 015. 01 . .044374305.6 1.6 7.9 330 100 350 7.4 10.7 14.1 4,463 6,685 6,378 1.40 1.87 1.50 0.6 0.5 0.9 10 9 9 10 13 11 57.1 67.7 51.3 60.1 62.6 45.3 ulation Algeria otal 4.4 . 062 . .22914. 72.4 17 40.4 2,941 17.5 2.72 154 1.8 1.52 5 1.0 22 7 10.6 11 7.3 1.2 0.9 0.6 . 022 . .62934. 08.3 50 -4.8 45.9 -15 2,973 2.8 2.96 89 2.4 1.85 15.9 4 700 0.4 26 1.46 6 10.2 0.0 15 6.5 12 3.3 10 3.2 3.8 4.4 . . 4-. .1, .000.0 0.0 .. ,, 1.61 -0.4 14 9 9.2 9.9 . . 670718 5 78- -0.6 -3 -1.0 17.8 -2 758 1.84 6.3 130 0.7 8.1 1.44 7 164 0.1 16 1.42 9 5.0 1.1 11 4.3 9 1.9 10 2.0 2.0 2.0 . . 342025 8 10.4 682 2.59 2.0 4 23 9.8 6.5 . . 0-. .22 . 2-0.5 -2 0.7 28 1.22 -0.2 10 9 3.0 3.8 0.4

Morocco D emographic EvolutionintheMediterranean(2010-2050) D

Population emography Estimated for 2050 2010 10.3 97.4 Spain 42.6 0.6 0.4 Palestine

inhabitants

France per 1,000 Crude 2008 B R 18 12 20 10 01 . .899864 3.8 40 8.6 919 1.38 0.1 10 10 WB irth ate Jordan ..

Libya % inhabitants per 1,000 Crude D 2008 R 10 eath WB ate 6 6 8 Israel .. Net number of migrants divided by the average population of the receiving country for the period under con- under period the for country receiving the of population average the by divided migrants of number Net b.

Tunisia Growth Population A A verage 2009 nnual WB 1.2 0.3 0.7 Lebanon 1.2 .. R

Cyprus ate

births per Fertility oa thousands woman

Albania 1,010 NP NO NO NO UNPOP UNPOP UNPOP UNPOP UNFPA 2010 T R 4.80 2.09 1.64 1.25 1.88 otal fiaAi uoeLatin Europe Asia Africa t Immigrants ate Demographic evolutionbyregion(2010-2050) Slovenia 1,999

Montenegro 4,167 1,411 1,924 2010 5,232 15 49

Malta ,,

733

Macedonia population % oftotal 691 2010 44 3.8 0.2 1.9

Greece .. Caribbean America & 589 729

Croatia

N thousands Migrants 2005/10 umber of N -85 Northern America

Portugal 352 et -1 -9 -2 5.8 5 0.5 2 2.2 4 1 0.6 4 449

Serbia a

inhabitants Migration per 1,000 2005/10 Bosnia and Oceania 36 R -0.1 -1.6 -2.7 -0.5 N ate

Herzegovina 2.5 51 et

Italy b a. Latestdataavailablefromthisperiod.(..)Dataunavailable. Own production.Source: Own production.Source:WB. Morocco Palestine Turkey Malta Algeria Israel Cyprus Italy Tunisia Greece Jordan France Montenegro Libya Albania Lebanon Croatia Spain Serbia Egypt Syria Macedonia Slovenia Portugal Population % CHART F3 Bosnia and Herzegovina TABLE F3 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 5

Italy

D.R. ofCongo Slovenia Burkina Faso Uganda Zambia Top 5countrieswithlargest Niger population under15(%)

Greece Population Population: Structureand

Portugal ≥age65 age15-64 age 0-14 2009 WB 28 27 16 27 28 18 14 23 14 34 18 19 30 24 25 15 15 18 32 35 18 14 15 15 % .. Spain Population agecomposition A ge Composition(2009)

Croatia

Bosnia and 2009 WB 68 67 67 62 69 66 70 70 68 62 65 66 66 68 68 68 68 68 63 62 70 70 67 71 %

Herzegovina ..

Malta D istribution 46 46

47

49 France 50 2009 WB 10 13 14 20 18 17 10 17 17 14 13 12 16 18 14 % .. 5 6 5 7 4 4 7 Serbia 5 3

Macedonia

Top 5countrieswithlargest population 22 population over64(%) 20 20 R 2009 Cyprus 18 18 WB ural 34 31 44 30 32 33 39 22 22 22 53 13 42 23 48 40 57 45 33 52 40 52 % .. 8 6 Montenegro

Tunisia agglomerations of morethan inhabitants Population in urban 750,000 UNPOP Japan Italy Germany Greece Sweden 2010 011,7 .. 12,271 10.1 69.8 863,3 .. 32,837 18.6 36.6 17.1 27.3 16.9 45.5 5915,560 25.9 11.3 822,2 17.1 22,929 18.2 35.1 38.9 26.7 30.5 7.4 Albania % thousand % ......

Lebanon

Mediterranean located onthe

Turkey Population coastline 13,691 Bleu Plan 2000 ,4 .. 5,045 ,6 .. 6,762 ,8 .. 9,482 ,6 .. 6,265 ,7 .. 5,179 .. 1,193 ,0 53.1 2,906 ,2 .. 1,529 ,3 10.5 1,533 3,233 1,119 8 .. 785 0 .. 101 2 .. 226 Algeria 266 389

Israel Population over64 Population under15

population 2005/07 living in

Morocco Urban slums 15.8 13.1 14.1 MDG ...... Libya a

Egypt Population per km density people 1,286 2008 WB 338 204 113 115 405 116 101 116 Jordan 638 14 94 67 87 67 79 91 83 82 80 74 70 96 45 4 Syria 2

401 Med.2011 Appendices 402 Med.2011 Appendices a. Latestdataavailablefromthisperiod. Own production.Source:UNESCO. a. Latestdataavailablefromthisperiod.(..)Dataunavailable. Own production.Source: Morocco Palestine Algeria Malta Montenegro Turkey Israel Tunisia Italy Serbia Cyprus France Greece Jordan Libya CHART F4 TABLE F4 Spain Portugal Croatia Bosnia and Herzegovina Albania Lebanon Slovenia Macedonia Syria Egypt Portugal Morocco Spain Algeria France

Tunisia Italy Egypt Student- Education and 2004/09 Malta rmr secondary primary NSOUEC NSOUEC NSOUEC NSOUEC NSOUNESCO UNESCO UNESCO UNESCO UNESCO UNESCO UNESCO UNESCO UNESCO UNESCO N 0 51 1634 .7432. 9120.4 39.1 26.5 4.3 1.27 6,334 11 12 95 100 et enrolmentrate Palestine % 90 75 46 31 8 .743.. 4.3 0.07 482 10 23 66 94 91 95 78 311 13 86 97 87 71 ,1 10 . 514. 22.2 42.6 35.1 7.1 1.02 2,814 11 17 71 98 89 10 95 98 49 16 90 94 99 15 96 99 89 91 ,3 20 . 134. 22.5 44.3 21.3 5.6 2.02 4,432 11 19 98 98 99 10 91 99 98 01 ,1 03 .. 0.34 6,714 10 20 82 89 18 16 .. 88 87 91 57 20 74 85 07 14 75 90 98 11 88 99 79 17 91 97 68 17 82 86 56 18 69 95 47 27 71 94 ...... T eacher a

Slovenia 2004/09 T 10 15 20 25 30 raining ofHumanCapital 0 5 R 35 85 80 94 % .. atio inElementarySchool(2002/09) a Israel

pupils per 2002/09 Primary teacher teacher Croatia pupil ratio 11 28 27

...... Jordan a Serbia

compulsory D education 2007/09 uration of Lebanon years 11 10 Macedonia ,2 11 . 514. 17.1 45.7 25.1 4.3 1.18 2,326 9 ,7 03 . 762. 27.0 23.8 47.6 4.7 0.35 1,773 8 ,7 04 . 744. 24.0 43.9 27.4 4.1 0.47 2,678 9 ,0 05 . 623. 30.7 37.0 26.2 4.0 0.57 4,400 9 0 ... .. 102 9 ,5 09 . .. .. 4.1 0.03 0.90 1,053 3,450 8 8 8 9 ,5 15 . 074. 18.7 40.7 30.7 5.2 1.51 5,450 9 9 9 ,3 16 . .. 5.2 1.66 6,430 9 ,4 02 . .. 3.5 0.21 1,245 8 9 9 ,7 02 . .. 3.8 0.23 1,576 9 Syria a Albania Cyprus

Greece

technicians per million Scientists 2003/09 in epe%ofG people 3,300 1,525 1,529 and R 958 & a .. . .. 2.9 ...... 332. 29.5 29.8 33.3 1.8 ...... 4.9 .. .. D a and Western World average:25

America

Europe North 14 2002/09 Expend itures R .6593. 7718.2 27.7 36.9 5.9 4.86 0.59 1.10 0.72 0.64 & .. D Central D

Asia 17 ­ P a

2000/2009 % ofG Eastern Central Europe and 18 6.4 2.9 5.6 .. .. D Public expenditureoneducation the Pacific P Asia and a East

19

2000/2009 primary primary % ofall levels 21.5 40.0 45.5 pre- and ...... States Arab 22 a

Caribbean

America and the 2000/2009 secondary Latin post-sec- 23 % ofall naytertiary ondary levels 43.7 33.6 38.2 and ...... 18.9 .. .. .23.0 ...... South West Asia and 39 a

2000/2009 SubSaharan % ofall levels Africa 15.5 28.8 16.2 45 ...... a a. Accordingtoregionalgroupings definedbytheWHO. Own production.Source:WB andWHO. a. Latestdataavailablefromthisperiod.(..)Dataunavailable. Own production.Source: Albania Macedonia Lebanon Syria Slovenia Croatia Libya Egypt Portugal Spain CHART F5 Greece Bosnia and Herzegovina France TABLE F5 Jordan Tunisia Italy Malta Montenegro Serbia Cyprus Turkey Morocco Algeria Israel Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 born alive) Palestine 100 120 20 40 60 80 0 2

LY R 2 =0.4476 Health ExpenditureandMaternalMortality(2008) Health andSurvival 3 born alive 1,000 SY 2009 Infant mortalityrate per 14 10 11 14 17 18 13 19 33 29 18 22 WB 2 5 3 4 3 3 6 3 8 6 3 3 .. 4

DZ

under-five per born alive 1,000 2009 15 11 12 16 19 21 20 14 38 32 21 25 WB TR MA 5 3 5 4 4 7 4 4 9 3 7 4 4 ..

mortality ratio Expenditure inhealth (%ofGDP) per 100,000 born alive Maternal 6 TN 2008 110 120 WB EG 31 26 46 18 14 64 82 15 23 10 60 59 9 7 6 8 8 5 9 2 8 7 .. CY

AL 7 MK low estimate- ihetmt % high estimate People livingwithHIV/ g 5age15-49 > age15 130,000 150,000 140,000 ,0 <0.1 < 1,000 ,0 <0.1 < 1,000 UNAIDS 000<0.1 10,000 42,000 25,000 17,000 2009 MT < 500 3,400 4,500 8,800 4,900 ,0 <0.1 2,400 7,500 HR SI .<0.1 ...... <0.1 ...... World average:9.7 South-East 8 IL Asia 3.6

ES Total HealthExpenditurebyRegion Mediterranean 2007/09 IT Eastern < 0.1 UNAIDS LB 4.1 ME 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 JO ...... A 9 I

D a Prevalenceofsmoking S fiaWestern Africa (% delGDP) 6.2 GR

BA RS 01 12 11 10 PT 2008 men Pacific WB 40 40 52 33 29 43 32 39 32 24 41 26 41 36 37 33 49 64 38 46 27 62 31 % .. .. 6.5 uoeAmericas Europe 8.8 FR women a 2008 WB 32 19 24 21 29 31 31 27 19 35 40 10 10 18 % 4 7 2 1 3 0 1 0 13.6 ......

403 Med.2011 Appendices 404 Med.2011 Appendices Own production.Source: Own production.Source:FAO. a. Latestdataavailablefromthisperiod.(..)Dataunavailable. Croatia Jordan Lebanon Syria Palestine Morocco Turkey Malta Montenegro CHART F6 Algeria Israel Cyprus Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovina Italy France Spain Portugal TABLE F6 Greece Albania Macedonia Tunisia Libya Egypt Slovenia mt 10,000,000 12,000,000 2,000,000 4,000,000 6,000,000 8,000,000

0

Spain N Cereal ImportsintheMediterranean(2008) utrition andFoodSecurity

Egypt tm kcal/person/day consumption D

Algeria energy 2,990 3,015 3,107 3,034 2,020 3,236 3,153 3,528 3,517 3,181 2,710 3,078 3,611 3,646 2,447 3,532 3,272 3,584 3,725 2,880 3,105 3,326 3,143 3,195 3,223 2007 ietary FAO Italy

Morocco

Turkey 274673,884,051 12,714,627 233583,509,878 12,323,508 2,230,714 3,135,474 6,127,342 5,360,152 ,9,7 3,623,707 9,093,173 2,894,469 3,523,666 8,897,286 ,6,9 ,8,3 8850310,025,642 28,865,073 1,286,437 1,176,326 2,063,394 3,578,641 1,612,535 ,5,8 1,216,742 3,058,885 2,276,342 207,222 856,103 569,051 643,342 421,621 184,308 427,611 Portugal 570,188 152,975 2008 39,568 19,078 FAO Syria

Tunisia imports

Israel thousands $ 2,137,842 2,253,767 139,520 897,789 915,172 320,383 164,448 978,752 196,257 205,105 656,346 147,856 Libya 825,256 2008 93,166 60,411 30,048 61,750 FAO 8,600 Jordan Cereal trade France

Greece Rest oftheworld25.8% Russia 3.2% 1,752,346 ,2,4 1,235,182 1,521,446 1,458,886 101,463 266,047 106,191 804,724 160,982 459,319 257,901 2008

Lebanon Ukraine 3.5% India 3.2% FAO tm 20,899 65,406 12,993 40,965 95,256 40,137 21,311 44,875 Germany 3.6% 1,400 7,309 Bosnia and 3,619 143 904 Herzegovina Australia 4.2% 0 exports Palestine (% oftotaleconomicvalue) Thailand 5.9%

Cyprus Cereal exporters thousands $ 2008 214,807 813,000 250,912 123,086 Slovenia 679,085 FAO 30,606 65,871 36,671 21,656 14,911 63,117 19,523 18,564 37,000 8,607 7,581 3,844 3,257 3,489 523 193 Albania Argentina 6.7% 50 0 Croatia

Canada 7.9%

% children

Macedonia Children under United States26.8% weight for France 9.2% their age 2000/09 Malta 10.0 WHO 3.5 3.6 4.2 3.7 1.6 1.8 1.8 2.2 6.6 5.6 3.3 6.8 9.9 ...... Serbia a Montenegro * Latestdataavailablefromthis period.a.Accordingtoregionalgroupings definedbytheWHO. Own production.Source:WHO. Own production.Source: a. Latestdataavailablefromthisperiod.(..)Dataunavailable. France Jordan Tunisia Greece Spain Libya Lebanon Croatia Albania Morocco Palestine Turkey Montenegro Malta Portugal Egypt Syria Macedonia Slovenia CHART F7 TABLE F7 Algeria Israel Cyprus Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovina Italy Population per physician 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 500 0 2

LY A Expenditure inHealth, ccess toHealth 3 Population physician 2000/08 1,667 2,000 WHO per 270 385 769 185 263 833 303 385 909 667 294 294 417 400 417 833 278 435 714 270 SY ...... a 4

R

Population with DZ esources water sources access to an sustainable improved D 2008 Africa WHO 100 100 100 100 100 100 octors, and 100 100 100 118 % 96 94 99 97 81 99 98 99 99 89 99 83 99 99 MA TR 5 .. .. (births per1,000womenages15-19) mrcsSouth-East Americas

61

Expenditure inhealth (%ofGDP) Adolescent fertilityrate A to improved with access Population dolescent Fertility(2000/08)* sanitation TN 6 2008 EG WHO 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 % Asia 98 85 98 97 99 98 94 96 89 90 92 69 95 95 92 55

...... CY Mediterranean Eastern AL MK

7 35 personnel by skilled attended 2000/08 MT health B HR ≥ 99 ≥ 99 ≥ 99 ≥ 99 ≥ 99 ≥ 99 ≥ 99 ≥ 99 ≥ 99 ≥ 99 ≥ 99 ≥ 99 WHO irths % uoeWestern Europe a 90 98 79 93 98 83 63 95

23 ...... SI World average:47 a 8 IL

ES Pacific with ahusband or partnerwho Contraceptive 11 % ofwomen prevalence report use 2000/08 IT ME 81.8 57.1 60.2 76.2 65.7 58.0 60.1 67.1 60.3 58.3 13.5 71.0 39.4 63.0 61.4 35.7 41.2 rate WHO ...... 01 12 11 10 9 LB JO a GR RS

Adolescent fertilityrate BA A women ages15-19) gs1-9%ofG ages 15-19 2000/08 per 1,000 dolescent (births per1,000 PT fertility women births rate WHO 28 11 12 18 13 13 17 27 75 19 51 16 17 18 16 15 24 8 6 4 5 4 6 7 .. a FR

expenditure T otal health 2007 11.0 10.0 WHO 8.9 6.0 9.6 8.5 8.8 7.6 2.7 7.0 7.8 6.3 3.6 7.1 4.4 9.8 6.6 8.7 8.0 9.9 5.0 8.9 7.5 5.0 .. 10 30 60 D P

405 Med.2011 Appendices 406 Med.2011 Appendices In thecaseofbicameralparliaments,listeddata aretheaverageoftwochambers,exceptincaseEgypt forwhich onlylowerchamberdataareavailable. Own production.Source:Inter-ParliamentaryUnion(IPU). Own production.Source: Referring to the first year appointed in the current parliamentary system. parliamentary current the in appointed year first the to Referring a. Parliament, dataareonlyavailableforthelowerchamber.(..)Dataunavailable. election. CHART F8 TABLE F8 Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya Egypt Palestine Israel Jordan Lebanon Syria Turkey Cyprus Greece Albania Macedonia Montenegro Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Slovenia Malta Italy France Spain Portugal Portugal France Spain Morocco d. Situation as of 31 december 2010. Italy

Algeria Malta Slovenia Tunisia Seats inParliamentHeldbyWomen(%oftotalseats) Gender: Social Croatia oe e oe e oe men women men women men women er er % years years 2008 Libya Life expectancy WB 74 74 76 77 72 83 75 74 76 74 82 82 80 77 77 76 78 80 83 82 85 85 84 82 Bosnia andHerzegovina .. e. For bicameral parliaments, the values shown are averages for both chambers. f. at birth

10 20 30 40 50 Egypt D 0 2008 evelopment BUEC NSOUEC NSOUD NPUNDP UNDP UNDP UNESCO UNESCO UNESCO UNESCO WB 27. 648 515 9915 23.3 1959 3.1 1959 1989 1959 1949 1963 12.5 17.3 1974 73 1952 75 1963 1952 1974 21.6 75 1952 1960 1990 81 1952 1949 77 1946 1946 1960 78 84.3 68 86.4 1952 20.3 1992 94.9 1946 80 1946 1992 83.6 82 66.4 83 34.1 1945 71.0 1946 65 99 1946 81.3 1946 71 60.7 95.5 1931 71 81 1945 93.4 1945 72 90.0 100 1946 77 72 88.9 68 1931 72 1945 78 86.0 99.0 77.2 98.2 89 79 82 99.3 1931 71 98.6 89 96.7 70 83 1931 95.9 72 100 98.7 99.1 96 92 95.4 99.4 77 95 99.5 78 99.7 96.2 44 100 95.9 72 95 98.0 99.1 99.7 71 98.4 73 96.5 98.5 72 76 96.9 92.9 79 78 78 76 69 70 72 77 ..

Israel Serbia 2007/08 The date refers to the first year in which a woman was nominated to Parliament. to nominated was woman a which in year first the to refers date The b. A 44.1 90.9 81.3 93.2 dult lilteracyrate ...... ≥ age15 Jordan Montenegro f

2007/08 Lebanon Macedonia 97.1 96.2 90.0 69.4 % ...... Syria Albania f Turkey Greece

Cyprus secondary andtertiary gross enrolmentratio 2006/094 Combined primary, % 38 9814 9919.2 1949 1948 1948 88 78 93 20.0 1945 70 1944 1944 93 80 96 55 ...... wnaSee uaIeadSouth Iceland Cuba Sweden Rwanda

50.9 2006/09 Latest data available from this period. 72 78 78 64 % .. .15 9615 12.7 .. 1957 1964 1956 1964 1956 16.4 .. 1945 .. 15.8 1920 1990 1920 1946 .. 1946 .. 45.0 f

43.2 received right to women 1930 1946 1947 1963 Year vote c c c .. 42.9 9315 9312.4 1973 1953 , 1953 1931 , 1976 9216 1962 1962 , 1962 c. First partial recognition of the right to vote or stand for stand or vote to right the of recognition partial First Africa

42.7 stand for received election right to women g. Though there are two chambers in the Egyptian 1934 1946 1947 1963 Y iln owyMozam- Norway Finland ear c 40.0 .. 9613 27.4 1934 , 1976 39.6

parliament appointed elected or Year first woman 1935 2006ª 1966 1993 bique to 39.2 .. b b b a a a egu Nether- Belgium 38.9

parliament Seats in women held by 2010 12.2 32.5 23.5 10.8 11.1 lands 38.7 IPU % 7.0 9.1 8.7 7.7 6.7 .. d g e Own production.Source: a. Latestdataavailablefromthis period. Own production.Source:ITU andWB. a. Latestdataavailablefromthisperiod(..)Dataunavailable. Morocco Palestine Turkey Algeria Israel Cyprus Tunisia Jordan Greece Montenegro Libya Lebanon Albania Malta Italy France Spain Serbia Egypt Syria Macedonia Croatia Slovenia Bosnia and Herzegovina CHART F9 Portugal TABLE F9 Fixed broadband subscriptions (%) 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 5 0

United ArabEmirates LY Brunei Darussalam T Internet Use(2008/09) echnology andCommunication Saudi Arabia newspapers 10 naiat % inhabitants (growth between2004and2009)(%) per 1,000 Mobile subscriptionsinArabStates 2002/07 Palestine Morocco Lebanon Somalia Bahrain Djibouti D Tunisia Yemen Algeria 3 43 0 3 4 674 0,6 5.0 5.1 5.0 104,466 135,929 72,644 49 72 63 36.7 65.2 39.3 147 96 114 131 138 39 103 105 124 36 57 45 94 97 99 137 164 144 7 95 57 51 99 173 Kuwait Jordan Sudan WB Oman 12 10 39 22 89 . 42005.2 2,040 34 7.5 95 48 24 12 92 23 49 95 6 71. 24 10.4 57 263 50 19 96 54 49 21 1 3 . 41 3.8 132 111 13 12 90 24 99 11 1 53. 52 36.8 95 112 13 21 99 89 Egypt Qatar aily Libya ...... 104 4 2 2 8050 38.0 122 223 340 48 100 .. .. .104 79 1 . 51,7 4.7 15,378 45 9.4 119 95 87 47 100 ...... Syria ...... Iraq DZ a 26 28

94

104 116 162 Households 170 171 190 230 television 270 273 325 389 392 WB/ITU 404 SY 463 2007 with 20 77 07 90 95 24 0 6 2 406 ,4 5.1 9,846 63 24.0 126 166 208 45 92 98 681 39 . 61657.0 1,605 26 6.7 95 13 18 8 96 017 50 98 712 97 51 05 69020 9.0 46 59 20 18 95 84 914171. 51 19.9 137 134 69 42 98 99 94 611191. 81,6 5.9 13,469 48 17.2 149 121 56 40 99 72 4178 . 38 6.4 87 187 44 27 87 624 .32 .. a EG

LB inhabitants 1,363 T mainlines elephone per 100 JO 2009 11 22 28 60 ITU 8 1,807 30

per capita O 2003/07 minutes interna- utgoing tional calls TN 108 ITU Internet users(%) 19 . 43892.8 3,869 14 1.1 94 11 7 06 . 41,7 5.8 10,870 24 4.9 67 40 8 7 7 ...... TR a 3,336 BA

per capita 40 Incoming 2003/07 minutes interna- tional calls AL 168 ITU RS MA 15 23 .19226 2.2 149 .. .112. 42 24.4 101 .. .144. 42254.7 2,255 64 42.5 104 ...... a GR ME

Internet users inhabitants (millions) per 100 phones Mobile PT 2009 207 103 ITU 79 29 84 IT 50 CY HR MK

inhabitants computers Personal 2006/07 por 100 WB/ITU 3.6 5.6 6.0 .. .. MT 5 15 40 a 60

inhabitants ES Internet per 100 users IL 2009 41 32 36 45 59 ITU SI

technology expenditures ilos$ %ofG millions $ 70 12,300 27,462 2009 communications WB Information and FR

......

13.5 2009 WB 4.5 ...... 80 D P

407 Med.2011 Appendices 408 Med.2011 Appendices Data refer to the approved budget, not real spending. real not budget, approved the forces. h.Includescivildefencespending,whichusuallyaccountsforabout4.5%ofthetotal. to refer Data f. spending. military to allocated was increase this of part whether specify not did but 35%, by budgets spending its increased Algeria Data from UNDP,from Data a. 2007. Own production.Source: * DatafromUNDP, 2007. Own production.Source:UNHCR. CHART F10 Morocco Palestine Turkey Greece Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovina Malta TABLE F10 Albania Slovenia Portugal Israel Jordan Lebanon Cyprus Montenegro Croatia Spain Egypt Syria Macedonia France Libya Italy Tunisia Algeria 4,953.4

Palestine* 195.6 Serbia

146.4 Turkey Military pensions not included. not pensions Military b. 76.5

Croatia R Security andMilitaryExpenditure efugees byCountryof indeterminate indeterminate 70.0 954-1,200 thousands displaced

Bosnia and Internally people > 160 > 200 6466.9 > 76 2009 IDMC 114 245 Herzegovina 1,054.5 433 0,6 2

17.9 Syria* 16.3

Lebanon* Includes US military aid. military US Includes c. huad thousands thousands by country 4,953,400 of asylum 1,813.8 2,431.0 15.7 UNHCR 196.4 2010 94.1 17.7 10.4 24.0 64195.6 86.4 94.4 Albania 55.0 . 70.0 7.1 0.8 6.0 1.7 . 15.7 0.1 0.3 0.4 2.9 . 76.5 1.2 4.0 1.5 9.0 0.1 O 8.2 rigin (2010)(thousands) R a a a a

Algeria efugees

7.9

Macedonia by country of origin 4,953.4 d. UNHCR 146.4 2010 7.0 79401 16.3 17.9 Total exports or imports for the entire period. entire the for Totalimports or exports . 111 2.1 2.6 0.0 2.3 . 3 3,394 2,007 334 3,912 8.2 185 1.3 . 6 4,615 161 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 . 2 ,0 2,958 1,708 223 0.0 . 6 2,513 866 7.0 7.9 . 353 0.1 2.2 . 3 ,5 2,986 1,357 436 0.0 2.3

Egypt i.Includespartofthemilitarypensions.(..)Dataunavailable Refugees bycountryoforigin(2010)(10topcountries) a 2.6 Montenegro

T . 2.3 2.3 otal armed thousand rosmlin$mlin$million$ million$ million$ troops

Tunisia forces 2008 613 246 WB 15 76 24 15 12 91 11 22 19 76 48 2 9 Morocco .. 1,905,804 2.2 1,785,212

Libya Conventional armstransfer 2005/09 mot exports imports 2.1 3,264 SIPRI

Jordan* of Government the 2006, July only.In expenditures recurrent to refer Amounts e. 220 629 543 999 116 8 9,234 286 186 15 18 50 85 13 58 17 ...... 1.3

Israel d 678,308

. 0.1 0.1

France 455,852 2005/09 348,500 339,289 206,650 195,167 SIPRI 180,558 180 220 101 127 36 Greece 78 3 6 ...... d . . . . . 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Portugal

China Serbia Myanmar Vietnam Sudan Democratic RepublicofCongo Somalia Iraq Afghanistan Palestine

19,009 14,309 3973.6 13,917 9491.2 19,409 7362.3 67,316 Spain 37,427 3,143 ,9 5.9 1,392 ,0 3.9 3.4 1,408 1,883 5,677 ,7 2.4 1,070 ,8 2.0 4,884 ,9 1.9 1,191 ,6 2.3 3,665 Military expenditure 2009 SIPRI 51.6 204 276 209 1.5 888 550 7 1.3 571 58 .. Italy 1.3 .. i c b f,g b,g b h e

Excluding paramilitary Excluding g.

Malta % ofG 2008 SIPRI 7.0 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.4 1.7 3.0 0.7 2.2 1.8 Slovenia 3.4 .. c b f,g i b,g b h e D

Cyprus P a. Datafrom2008.b.2007(..)unavailable. Own production.Source: * DatanotavailableforLebanon in2005. Own production.Source:WB. Serbia Libya Egypt Palestine Israel Jordan Lebanon Syria Turkey Cyprus Greece Albania Macedonia Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Slovenia Malta CHART F11 TABLE F11 Morocco Algeria Tunisia Croatia Italy France Spain Portugal % 10 12 14 16 -2 0 2 4 6 8

Portugal Countries withhighestinflationin2009(Top10countries) Seychelles Venezuela Tanzania Pakistan Uganda Belarus Ukraine Jordan Zambia Ghana Iran Changes intheCPI(2005-2009) Economic StructureandProduction Spain

2,112,780 2,649,390 1,460,250

Bosnia and millions $ 614,603 188,413 195,392 329,924 140,577 232,874

Herzegovina Mediterranean average:2.4 2009 42,984 17,042 62,360 25,092 34,528 52,177 24,910 12,015 48,477 91,375 39,561 63,034 G WB 4,141 7,449 9,221 D Macedonia P ..

b a France 12.1 12.7 12.9 13.4 13.5 13.6

Cyprus 15.9 rwhagriculture growth 2009 G -4.7 -5.7 -3.0 -2.9 -2.0 -0.7 -7.8 -5.8 -5.0 -2.6 -3.6 -2.6 WB 19.3 % 3.6 3.8 2.1 4.6 2.3 9.0 4.0 0.8 2.5 4.9 2.1 3.1 Italy D .. P a b Slovenia

Morocco 28.6 31.8

Greece 2009 WB 10 13 14 21 21 11 16 12 % 9 2 8 2 3 5 3 2 8 7 2 2 3 2 ......

a a a Malta

Albania Share inG 2005

Croatia industry 2009 WB 78 26 20 20 34 28 28 37 32 17 34 18 20 36 29 55 30 27 25 19 26 23 D % 2009 ...... Libya P bysector

a a a

Syria

Israel services 2009 WB 20 65 78 70 64 59 64 49 65 78 45 79 60 52 55 34 62 66 Lebanon* 73 79 71 75 % .. ..

a a a Tunisia

Algeria price index Turkey Consumer 2009 11.8 -0.4 -0.7 -0.3 -0.4 -0.8 WB 7.8 3.4 2.9 3.3 1.2 2.2 1.0 5.7 3.8 2.5 6.3 0.4 2.4 0.9 2.1 0.8 0.1 % .. Serbia ..

Egypt

409 Med.2011 Appendices 410 Med.2011 Appendices Own production.Source: * Onlydatafromcountriesthat produceover100,000hectaresofcerealsareincluded. Own production.Source:FAO. a. Agriculturalareaisdividedinto‘arablelandandpermanentcrops’ and‘prairiespermanentpastures’. b.Latestdataavailablefromthisperiod.(..)Dataunavailable. Syria Croatia Turkey Slovenia Cyprus Malta Greece Italy Albania Egypt France Palestine Macedonia Morocco Montenegro Spain Israel Algeria Jordan Serbia Portugal Tunisia CHART F12 Libya Lebanon Bosnia and Herzegovina TABLE F12 Cereal yield (kg/ha) 1,500 3,000 4,500 6,000 7,500 9,000 0 0

SI AL MK BA PT HR LY TN GR A Cereal CultivationintheMediterranean*(2009) griculture thousands 3,7 1398443,8 0131652316467,393 6 1,654 5,253 3,176 10,1 32,885 8,424 41,309 238,174 7,5 5502001,0 193323632 196 23 623 213 343 21,9 13,500 2,050 15,550 175,954 Land area 8341,9 ,6 ,3 392744761777 4,506 73 1,707 4,736 2,774 23,9 8,232 5,666 13,898 18,364 6933,2 4551,1 131,5 3502887 14,994 78 2,808 33,570 11,956 21,3 14,617 24,505 39,122 76,963 2804653251403, ,7 ,2 ,0 41,067 94 4,103 4,821 1,175 37,9 1,400 3,225 4,625 12,890 9441,9 ,6 ,2 573441,9 ,3 1 1,954 114 5,035 17,392 3,454 25,7 3,628 9,768 13,396 29,414 95535235209, ,3 3877655723,592 567 7,635 23,897 3,130 99,9 0 3,542 3,542 99,545 4762,4 9319911, ,8 000740181,268 138 7,460 70,040 9,388 13,3 9,911 19,331 29,242 54,766 4602,8 ,8 1001, ,1 ,3 ,0 88,367 48 1,003 5,331 5,317 14,8 21,000 8,981 29,981 44,630 9912,0 7301,0 026031,7 ,5 72,005 77 2,957 17,872 6,043 20,2 10,600 17,300 27,900 49,911 55698150148079871281411 2,131 18 1,401 1,228 877 7,9 4,840 5,041 9,881 15,536 2,000 0820 0820 2007/08 2008 2008 2008 2008 ,9 ,8 4 4 , 6 ,4 ,1 5 192 352 6,117 3,442 563 0,7 342 946 1,288 5,596 ,1 0 0 9 , 0 3 ,6 4 13 248 5,266 536 102 1,9 296 207 503 2,014 ,4 ,8 9 8 6916614353 1,324 34 4,315 631 146 16,9 484 697 1,181 2,740 ,2 ,7 6 0 , 7 0 ,8 2152 52 3,387 606 179 9,0 603 468 1,071 2,523 ,4 1 8 2 1,2 324 189 513 1,345 ,6 0 7 2 537 5 ,5 0 125 201 3,250 257 79 45,3 125 379 504 2,164 ,2 7 3 4 034 010428409 218 1,044 50 48 1,266 40,3 101 743 4,626 231 8,876 1,919 974 1,2 8,824 1,454 3,602 5,056 8,836 ,4 ,6 ,3 ,2 8136107345121,101 152 3,455 1,057 306 28,1 1,825 1,635 3,460 9,147 ,2 8 8 0 326 9 ,2 877 28 2,828 192 89 68 11 33,2 400 4,539 1,343 286 296 686 0,3 1,023 1,032 1,098 2,130 5,120 RS FAO ha 2 1 1 144 9908 47 83 900 39 43 21,4 1 114 116 924 0 6 1 5 , 55 ,7 .350 .. 1,574 55 35 7,8 150 218 368 602 21 0028,0 0 10 10 32 SY A thousands gricultural EG area DZ FAO ha IT a 4,000 A permanent thousands rable and crops Land undercerealproduction(thousands ha) FAO ha MA Permanent thousands pasture 6,000 FAO ha ES % oftotal Irrigated crops land FAO b 8,000 Land under production thousands cereal 0920 0920 2010 2008 2009 2009 2009 FAO ha 144059 4,440 11 3 1228. 80 .. 2,298 11 5 FR production thousands Cereal 10,000 FAO mk ak athousands kg/ha kg/ha tm Cereal yield FAO (thousands tm) Production 12,000 TR consumption Fertilizer FAO A population gricultural 5,000 25,000 50,000 14,000 FAO 4 a. Includedbovine,caprine,ovineandbuffalolivestock.b.Includeschicken,hens,ducks,turkeysgeese.(..)Dataunavailable. In 2008,exportsofliveanimals fromtheMediterraneancountriesaccountedfor18% ofworldexportsandimports22%. Own production.Source:FAO. Own production.Source: CHART F13 TABLE F13 Tunisia Jordan Greece Bosnia and Herzegovina France Croatia Slovenia Albania Macedonia Libya Egypt Lebanon Syria Palestine Israel Cyprus Serbia Malta Italy Morocco Algeria Turkey Montenegro Portugal Spain

-200 -150 -100 millions $ 100 150 200 -50 50 0 -1,585

Italy -169 Lebanon -166 Livestock Livestock Portugal caprine and huad huad huad huad huad huad thousands$ thousands$ thousands thousands thousands thousands thousands -145 bovine, ovine 19,050 25,464 7531,1 225,160 14,810 15,564 27,573 25,588 25,450 40,514 28,003 2009 1,142 3,034 9,185 1,044 9,600 3,055 4,800 2,649 1,596 Croatia 5,068 FAO 633 803 857 925 641 332 T -110 37 rade Greece a B -79

alance (2008) Bosnia and Herzegovina -65 620138,905 26,290 2009 1,250 3,631 126,000 9,252 2,340 ispoultry pigs

Israel FAO 432 160 194 224 465 942 529 8116,600 38 11 66 -60 9 172,500 8 6 249,043 2 125,139 6 .. Morocco -53 Jordan Live animals -46 27,000 37,000 24,823 45,691 25,010 31,980 18,740 75,400 22,821 46,500 2009 FAO 7,540 4,547 7,538 2,172 Egypt 7,500 3,174 510 515 -41 Albania b

-38

Palestine equines and camels -31 2009 FAO 177 418 300 292 340 181 203 248

Turkey 0,7 17 20 41 29 95 47 16 27 21 14 19 4 9 6 1 .. -28 Libya

-26

2,934 Algeria ehvsexports beehives Export 5,339 1,250 ,1 ,2,7 332,010 2,225,972 1,014 1,340 2,389 2009 5-5 -5 FAO 350 304 203 595 347 500 302 140 400 Tunisia 310 42 67 42 54 37 15 90 45 40 16,510 Mediterranean .. Montenegro

Macedonia 1 8,9 366,304 382,895 2008 16 14124,328 61,471 802163,374 18,032 50319,416 35,023 2471,647,133 62,427 78315,123 57,893 871214,826 48,741 FAO Live animalstrade 3,476 ,0 50,811 4,604 8,302 3,584 ,8 66,416 1,182 ,5 61,730 8,354 ,5 117,497 7,659 80,634 1,481 Syria 1,355 500 6 168,981 163 741 3,581 928,114 19 World 17 6 0 40,984 0 26,270 0 Spain Import

37 Slovenia 16,312 imports 2008 43 38,815 39,445 63,282 FAO 2,134 4,994 1,390 Serbia 6,163 357 1,894 France

411 Med.2011 Appendices 412 Med.2011 Appendices Own production.Source:FAO. (..) Dataunavailable. Own production.Source: Serbia Montenegro Palestine Morocco Malta Italy France Spain Portugal Slovenia Croatia Macedonia Cyprus Greece Albania Turkey Jordan Lebanon Syria Tunisia Libya Egypt CHART F14 TABLE F14 Bosnia and Herzegovina Israel Algeria Greece 5.7% Mediterranean countries1.3% Egypt 5.9% Croatia 3.3% Libya 3.2% Tunisia 6.6% Morocco 2.4%

France 1.5% Catches ofother Spain 7.0% Fishing intheMediterraneanand Fisheries 1,000,374 138,834 3,4 ,5 2,8 8,6 0 ,8 24.4 34.8 40.0 5,483 5,894 7,126 807 2,038 3,502 181,469 237,868 249,074 223,086 21,909 105,239 3,552 2,600 6,000 233,641 494,293 911,290 240,390 453,113 3,4 3,7 883693,815 88,883 237,572 136,244 aiefreshwater marine 48,986 7501458,8 1,8 655 114,888 85,586 1,425 87,550 9111069,7 3,328 99,171 1,096 99,171 47,647 2008 FAO ,9 4 ,4 21,612 2,545 840 2,595 2,843 1,279 ,2 ,9 ,2 1,858 3,320 2,191 1,991 3,320 ,1 ,8 ,1 ,9 0.2 8,595 3,541 3,212 270 3,784 3,541 3,212 mt T 501 9 183 692 5 350 150 otal fisheries countries 8.4% Catches ofnonMediterranean 2,000 5 3,197 0 122 0

41,011 2008 4,440 FAO mt Algeria 9.3% 400 54,8 207151 12,017 48,986 45 01913,403 1,991 20 .18842,781 138,834 .. .. .47,647 ......

Mediterranean and 453,113 catches B 2008 35,804 FAO lack Sea mt 1,279 2,843 501 9 1,315 692 B 46,458 34 Turkey 30.3% 7,620 5 7,532 0 1,331 0 0 lack Sea(2008) Italy 14.9%

A production quaculture 152,260 2008 FAO tmlin ilos$kgpercapita millions$ millions$ mt 1,692 1,399 4 0.2 4.5 540 803 240 11 ..

mt 1,500,000 2,250,000

750,000 exports 1,729 2008 0 FAO 204 440 3 ,8 54.8 1,889 735 derivate products Evolution offishingintheMediterranean T 0.3 94 14 25 13 26 43 24 11 1950 rade infishand 8 1 3 .. 1953

1956 and theBlackSea(1950-2008)

1959 1962 imports 2008

1965 FAO 205 108 4 20.6 248 4 15.3 143 9 21.1 796 0 22.6 101 7 67250,000 16.7 378 16 55 72 77 40 30 89 24 26 79 87 56 1968 48 .13.0 .. 1971 1974

1977 availability derivatives

1980 and fish A of fish 2007 30.2 nnual

1983 FAO 6.8 5.2 9.4 4.8 5.3 5.7 9.4 2.1 9.9 6.9 9.6 0.7 .. 1986 .. 1989 1992

1995 Fishermen

1998 106,096 2000 26,151 48,770 26,113 75,434 25,021 65,151 19,847 11,292 33,614 50,815 WRI 3,500 1,535 8,472 1,590 9,825 2001 9,500 231 2004 721 ...... 2007 .. a. Latestdataavailablefromthis period. Data notavailableforyouthunemploymentinAlbania,Lebanon, andTunisia. Own production.Source:ILO. Own production.Source: a. Latestdataavailablefromthisperiod.(..)Dataunavailable. Macedonia CHART F15 TABLE F15 Portugal Bosnia and Herzegovina Lebanon Slovenia Libya Syria Egypt Albania Spain Tunisia Croatia Serbia Jordan Greece France Algeria Montenegro Israel Cyprus Italy Morocco Palestine Turkey Malta Portugal Morocco Spain France Algeria

Italy Tunisia Malta T Employment andUnemployment Egypt otal andYouth Unemployment Slovenia population huad % thousands Employed 2007/09 2764. 122. 66942. . 25 5.2 22.9 9.4 46.6 22.0 31.2 44.1 22,776 7664. . 786. 801. 7738 17.7 18.4 18.0 67.9 27.8 4.3 47.9 17,636 3585. . 317. . . . 23 9.3 8.9 9.1 72.9 23.1 3.0 51.0 23,528 3054. . 976. . . . 25 6.8 9.3 7.8 66.3 29.7 3.8 45.2 23,025 21,276 ,6 661. 935. . 018920 8.9 10.1 9.5 59.2 29.3 11.5 56.6 4,863 ,4 632. 564. . 575219 5.2 25.7 8.4 47.3 25.6 27.0 46.3 4,945 ,1 42.1 1,119 ,0 821. 065. . 007022 7.0 10.0 8.3 56.3 30.6 12.8 48.2 1,605 ,9 . 082. 971. 841. 42 15.3 18.4 16.6 49.7 29.5 20.8 .. 2,591 ,0 871. 256. . 316926 6.9 13.1 9.5 65.9 22.5 11.5 48.7 4,509 ,4 202. 605. 131. 1024 11.0 10.1 11.3 53.0 26.0 20.7 52.0 9,146 ,8 28162. 5676767615 7.6 7.6 7.6 75.6 21.9 1.6 52.8 2,786 9,255 ILO 3 671. 135. 203. 1755 31.7 33.0 32.0 50.3 31.3 18.2 36.7 630 8 541. 425. . . . 14 5.9 5.8 5.9 54.7 34.2 10.2 55.4 981 6 53.. 45.3 863 6 605. 352. 271. 8.0 10.2 12.7 28.4 13.5 58.0 46.0 962 8 90432. 255255509 5.0 5.5 5.2 72.5 22.3 4.3 59.0 382 718 162 Palestine .4. . 187. 292. 0327 10.3 24.1 12.9 74.5 21.8 3.6 43.1 .. .. a

Croatia

10 20 30 40 50 60 Employment 0 2009 82.. 48.2 11.. 41.1 47.5 32.4 40.3 46.0 rate ILO .. Israel

Bosnia andHerzegovina

giutr nutysrie oa oe e youth men women total services industry agriculture 2003/08 Jordan Employment byeconomicsector labor force 26.2 15.9 43.3 R ILO 1.7 8.6 % Serbia ate (2007/09) .. Lebanon a

Macedonia 2003/08 Syria labor force 25.1 19.2 25.7 24.7 20.3 Albania ILO % ...... Turkey a Greece Cyprus a

2003/08 labor force 72.4 71.9 48.1 58.1 36.3 Total unemployment(%ofactivepopulation) Youth unemployment(%ofactivepopulation between15and24) ILO % .. .2. 712. 47 21.8 27.1 23.9 .. .. .1. .. 14.2 .. 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0 5 a 2000 Evolution inyouthunemployment(2000-2009)

2007/09 2001 labor force 14.0 24.5 10.0 ILO 6.9 . 018.6 10.1 9.0 % .. .. 2002 a (selected countries)

2003 2007/09 female Unemployment rate labor force 14.3 38.6 10.5 ILO 6.8 % 2004 .. .. a 2005

2007/09 2006 labor force male 13.9 17.7 ILO 7.0 9.8 % ...... 2007 a

2008 force ages 2007/09 15-24 labor 13 25 47 22 ILO % 2009 ...... SI US EU PT TR FR IT GR ES a

413 Med.2011 Appendices 414 Med.2011 Appendices (..) Dataunivailable. Own production.Source: * Inthesecountriestherichest 20%ofthepopulationholdsmorethan58% country’s income. From Serbia,themostegalitarian country, toMacedonia,the least,theBalkansoffergreatestvarietyinlevel of incomeinequality intheMediterranean. a. Latestdataavailablefromthis period. Own production.Source:WB. Portugal Spain CHART F16 Bosnia and Herzegovina TABLE F16 Syria Macedonia Croatia Slovenia Libya Egypt Italy France Montenegro Serbia Greece Albania Malta Cyprus Lebanon Tunisia Morocco Algeria Turkey Jordan Israel Palestine 5.2 Third 20% Lowest 20% Highest 20% 10.0 aeoi otngoBosniaand Montenegro Macedonia 14.5

21.5 48.8 Income ParticipationofthePeople Income 6.5 Second 20% Fourth 20% 11.4 Years 975.8 1997 007.0 2000 076.7 2007 065.2 2006 8.8 8.3 2005 2004 059.0 2005 006.5 7.2 2000 1995 076.5 9.1 2007 2007 006.7 7.8 2000 2005 006.0 2000 076.5 6.9 2007 1995 065.4 2006 067.2 2006 015.7 2001 16.1 WB D ...... istribution 22.2 43.7 lowest 20% 6.7 WB % ...... Herzegovina 11.4 16.0 22.9

43.1 second 20% 11.0 211. 254. 10.2 42.0 22.5 16.4 12.1 141. 294. 10.4 43.1 22.9 16.0 11.4 001. 154. 17.0 48.8 6.4 7.2 21.5 37.9 39.6 14.5 22.7 22.6 10.0 17.3 16.7 13.3 12.8 261. 094. 7.1 41.5 20.9 16.1 12.6 10.5 10.3 11.4 201. 284. 11.7 9.0 41.9 40.2 22.8 22.8 16.8 17.2 12.0 12.6 361. 253. 6.0 37.5 22.5 17.4 13.6 191. 304. 10.4 8.1 41.6 40.9 23.0 22.6 16.8 16.6 11.9 12.2 031. 174. 13.7 47.2 21.7 14.8 10.3 151. 284. 9.6 42.4 22.8 16.3 11.5 Share ofincomeorconsumption 111. 114. 10.2 45.4 21.1 15.2 11.1 051. 304. 13.7 44.9 23.0 15.9 10.5 WB % ...... 7.8 B 12.2 alkan Countries(2003/2007)

Albania 16.6 22.6 third 20% 552. 5814.9 45.8 21.9 15.5 15.2 16.1 14.5 WB % ...... 40.9

69.8 8.3 Principal countrieswiththehighesttopquintile(%)* 12.8 fourth Slovenia 20% 22.0 22.2 20.6 WB 16.7 % ...... 22.6 39.6 a

highest 20% 7115.7 47.1 11.0 43.7 7912.3 47.9 WB 8.8 % ...... 13.3 Croatia 61.6 17.3 61.2 22.7 37.9 poorest R 10 %to ichest 58.7 10% 58.5 58.4 WB ...... 58.0 9.1 13.6

Serbia 17.4 Panama Honduras Ecuador Brazil Bolivia Colombia Seychelles index 22.5 Gini WB 39 41 37 28 41 29 31 32 33 35 28 36 33 43 36 34 35 40 29 38 39 ...... 37.5 * In10countriesfemaleincomesarelessthan25%of male income:Libya,Yemen, Lebanon,Afghanistan,Morocco,Oman,Syria,Jordan,PakistanandSaudiArabia. Own production.Source:UNDP. Own production.Source: a. Latestdataavailablefromthisperiod.b.Estimationsreachedusingthemostrecentforperiodbetween1991-2004. c.OwnproductionusingUNDPdata.(..)Dataunavailable. Slovenia Macedonia Syria Egypt CHART F17 TABLE F17 France Bosnia and Herzegovina Greece Jordan Portugal Tunisia Croatia Albania Lebanon Libya Italy Montenegro Serbia Cyprus Israel Morocco Algeria Spain Malta Turkey Palestine Portugal Spain France Morocco Italy

Algeria Malta Slovenia Tunisia Women’s Incomein Gender: Economic Croatia economic male rate ≥ age15 Female activity Lybia 2008 UNDP % of rate 01 02 46 52,2 33,398 20,427 45 65 44 23 10 10 90 71 92 35 859612,247 5,956 48 54 33 29 19 17 67 74 23 49 27 24 28 43 32 88 84 01 11 12 70 32 37 712 87 21 21 06 81,3 19,360 12,934 48 67 40 18 12 14 82 73 31 69 82 87 62 02 64 440111,331 4,081 54 49 26 28 20 22 34 46 77 53 36 Bosnia andHerzegovina .. .2 41 45 276412,900 7,654 42 58 34 16 24 26 ...... c 100

25 50 75 employment Egypt % offemale 0 2003/08 oe e oe e oe e oe men women men women men women men women A WB 36 61 46 R ctivity 2 9 2 3 2 1 3 0 ...... agriculture elation toMen’sIncome(2007)(%) a Israel Serbia

employment % ofmale 2003/08 WB 19 11 37 11 07 91,5 28,762 17,154 49 71 40 17 11 Jordan Montenegro 2 9 13 66 56742,091 25,677 61 86 34 11 4 22 47 ,4 8,065 1,543 73 84 23 12 4 63 15 01241,158 20,152 57 81 39 16 5 03 86 83731,625 18,307 61 88 33 10 6 13 86 05932,148 20,599 65 88 32 11 2 14 65 18741,597 21,817 55 86 40 11 6 ...... Employment byeconomicactivity a Macedonia Lebanon

employment % offemale 2003/08 Syria Albania WB 11 15 10 14 9 94 81527,452 1,512 48 43 29 8 65 62268,401 2,286 46 51 26 6 07 91,1 38,002 19,218 59 79 30 9 ...... Turkey Greece Cyprus industry a

employment % ofmale 2003/08 WB 32 26 30 27 Women’s income as % 22 ...... of men’s income Mozam- a bique 89.5 The 10countrieswiththelowestsalarygap

employment % offemale oglaRad owyBrniLao Burundi Norway Rwanda Mongolia 2003/08 87.4 WB 88 82 39 52 24 ...... between genders(2007)* 79.4 services a

employment 77.1 % ofmale 2003/08 WB 64 65 51 61 41 76.5 .5909,721 5,910 .. .32911,731 3,249 .. .4949,143 4,954 .. .40216,404 4,062 .. .55022,505 5,590 .. a 76.5 PDR

ugr Papua Hungary 74.6 P $PPP $ PPP 14,458 Estimated earned 2007 UNDP 5,352 1,603 8611 Guinea 74.5 New income ..

hn Denmark Ghana 74.0 b 31,812 20,441 14951 2007 UNDP 6,694 73.9 ..

415 Med.2011 Appendices 416 Med.2011 Appendices a. Negativevaluesindicatethatthecountryisanetexporter.(..)Dataunavailable. Own production.Source: * IncaseslikeLibyaandAlgeria, importvaluesare-470%and-346%. Negative valuesonnetimportation ofenergyindicateapositivebalanceinconsumption, i.e.,thatitisanetexporter. Own production.Source:WB. Tunisia Jordan Greece CHART F18 Bosnia and Herzegovina TABLE F18 France Egypt Syria Macedonia Slovenia Algeria Israel Cyprus Serbia Italy Libya Lebanon Albania Croatia Portugal Morocco Palestine Turkey Montenegro Malta Spain GDP per unit of energy use

-500 (PPP $ per kg oil eq) Energy consumptionpercapita

LY* (kg oileq) -350 Consumption andEnergyEfficiency(2007) Production andEnergyConsumption DZ* production mt oileq millions Energy 3. 6. ,5 7.4 4,258 263.7 135.5 6. 6910967-4 9600010.2 0.1 0.0 99.6 -346 6.7 1,089 36.9 164.3 0. 7828951-7 9100000.9 0.0 0.0 99.1 -470 5.1 2,889 17.8 101.6 2007 213. ,7 9.3 2,875 32.2 12.1 236. 4 . 2 5800182.4 1.8 0.0 95.8 -22 5.7 840 67.2 82.3 441. 7 . 2 8400160.0 1.6 0.0 98.4 -24 4.2 978 19.6 24.4 641823019.6 3,001 178.2 26.4 27.3 031403288.9 3,208 144.0 30.3 WB . . 6 8.2 864 8.8 7.9 . . ,6 3.8 1,269 7.2 0.3 . . ,8 4.8 1,483 5.6 3.9 . . ,8 5.7 1,482 3.0 1.5 . . ,3 7.2 3,632 7.3 3.5 . 203098.2 3,059 22.0 2.7 . . ,5 8.3 2,854 4.5 2.4 2,141 0.1 15.8 9.8 . . 5 10.5 959 4.0 0.2 . . 9 9.8 694 2.2 1.1 . . ,0 8.0 2,101 9.3 4.1 . 25.1 4.6 0.7 0.0 .. .. 1,000 2,000 3,500

-25 consump- mt oileq millions SY Energy 100.0 EG 2007 tion 14.4 WB 0.9 .. ..

consump- kg oileq tion per 11 Energy Net energyimport(%ofusedenergy) capita 3 5 7 9 1,370 2,120 ,6 9.0 2,363 2007 WB 0 460 .. .. TN

energy use PPP $per kg oileq G unit of 10.4 D 2007 8.3 8.7 WB P per .. .. 25 BA

energy energy import used 2007 % of N 100 WB RS FR 95 73 18. . . 13.3 0.1 0.0 86.6 11 69. . . 1.0 0.1 0.0 98.9 96 29. . . 3.9 1.4 3.6 0.0 9.2 94.7 0.0 62 87.3 30 95. 21163.7 1.6 42.1 52.6 49 08. . . 6.4 4.9 0.0 88.7 50 36. 11416.5 4.1 21.1 68.3 53 89. . . 3.3 0.0 0.0 96.7 88 79. . . 1.7 0.0 0.0 98.3 97 38 59. . . 4.4 1.7 0.0 93.9 85 59. . . 2.4 1.6 0.0 96.0 95 17. . 969.9 19.6 0.0 70.5 51 78. . . 4.2 6.4 0.0 89.4 57 28. . . 10.8 1.6 0.0 87.6 82 98. 04114.1 1.1 10.4 84.4 79 et .. .. a MK 50 AL

SI MA 100.0 fossil ul nuclear fuels 2005 95.6 88.2 WRI % GR ...... Energy consumptionbysource

TR

ES 75 2005 WRI 0.0 0.0 0.0 % ...... PT IL IT

MA LB JO electric hidro- 100 2005 WRI 0.9 4.0 0.0 % CY MT ......

renew- ables 2005 WRI 3.5 7.8 0.0 % 125

.. .. Own production.Source: * Countriesarrangedindecreasing orderonthebasisofconsumptiongrowthfor period. Own production.Source:WB. a. Thepercentagesdonotalwaysaddupto100%becausesomeelectricitysources(solar,windandgeothermal)are included.(..)Dataunavailable. CHART F19 TABLE F19 Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya Egypt Palestine Israel Jordan Lebanon Syria Turkey Cyprus Greece Albania Macedonia Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Slovenia Malta Croatia Serbia Italy France Spain Portugal Electricity consumption (kWh per capita) 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 0

kWh per capita and percentage of growth 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 1982 5,000 Evolution inElectricityConsumption(selectedcountries)(1982-2007) Production, Consumptionand 0 to electricity with access Population 163% ari cln United Iceland Bahrain Top tenpercapitaconsumersofelectricity* 0. 387,002 53.8 5,628 100.0 62.7 100.0 0. 0. 5,713 7,772 6,296 308.2 564.4 300.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 0. 46.9 100.0 2005 891. 1,248 3,871 1,384 37.2 14.7 25.7 1,971 125.1 98.1 1,469 98.9 97.0 13.0 98.0 38.6 99.9 99.0 90.0 85.1 95.0 WRI ilo W kWh billionkWh % 163% ......

Emirates 130%

Arab production Electricity 1987 191.6 129% (1982-2007) 2007 uatFnadLuxem- Finland Kuwait 22.9 7,138 15.0 213,738 12.1 654,155 2,381 36.5 11.8 WB . 2,154 9.6 1,186 3,780 5 2.9 6.7 2.3 .. .. 101%

A

consumption ccess toElectricity 48% bourg per capita Electricity 2,238 4,845 5,441 4,860 2007 WB 707 902 43% United States .. .. 1992 wdnCnd Norway Canada Sweden 33%

31% abngas carbon 2007 2007 WB 70 55 28 78 57 36 20 70 65 16 25 26 % 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 .. .. 29% 1982

1997 2007 WB 50 14 20 22 97 83 45 68 76 31 25 56 31 28 % 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 4 .. .. Sources ofelectricity

2007 100 100 WB oil % 22 11 15 16 55 19 23 94 60 19 11 10 2002 3 2 3 7 0 1 1 1 6 .. ..

a lcrcnuclear electric hydro- 2007 WB 12 97 15 22 35 19 27 34 11 10 22 % 1 0 0 0 0 6 9 4 0 0 6 9 .. ..

2007

SI FR MA EG SY TR LY RS PT GR ES IL 2007 WB 38 18 78 % 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .. ..

417 Med.2011 Appendices 418 Med.2011 Appendices ** IncludesCanada,United States andMexico. * ExcludesChina,Korea andJapan. a. Latestdataavailableforthis period.b.Includescars,buses,andfreight vehicles,butnotmotorcycles. Own production.Source:WB andIEA. a. Latestdataavailablefromthisperiod.b.Includescars,buses,andfreightvehicles,butnotmotorcycles.(..)Dataunavailable. Own production.Source: CHART F20 TABLE F20 Malta Croatia Slovenia Montenegro Turkey Greece Albania Macedonia Palestine Jordan Lebanon Syria Tunisia Libya Egypt Morocco France Spain Portugal Italy Bosnia and Herzegovina Serbia Cyprus Israel Algeria CO2 Emissions for highway transport (kg CO2 per capita) 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 500 0

0 World average:725 Asia* 192 SY Vehicles andC C Africa 201 O MA 2 Highway CO ilo tmt million mt Emissions 3. . . .81. 723. 87677 18.7 34.2 27.2 19.9 0.28 1.5 7.2 430.1 263.5 7. . . . 192. 4611.6 34.6 21.9 31.9 0.5 0.6 2.1 174.0 6. . . .12. 391. 81600 601 28.1 10.9 13.8 31.8 33.9 34.3 24.3 23.0 0.21 0.29 1.3 1.1 5.7 7.0 368.2 317.6 China 251 2008 oa percapita total DZ 96520105 . 436. 00170 10.0 68.5 14.3 7.2 0.57 0.1 5.2 19.6 09470103 872. 531. 377 547 16.4 13.3 25.3 37.1 29.6 35.3 28.7 14.3 0.31 0.34 0.1 0.1 4.7 8.3 20.9 16.7 92670209 711. 3067223 6.7 63.0 13.2 17.1 0.96 0.2 6.7 49.2 34830303 362. 971. 522 13.1 49.7 23.7 13.6 0.34 0.3 8.3 93.4 31860203 . 636. 44305 14.4 61.9 16.3 7.3 0.33 0.2 8.6 63.1 84310105 792. 451. 137 52 12.6 11.4 7.1 44.5 49.2 46.1 25.0 28.2 22.2 17.9 11.2 24.6 0.55 0.67 0.72 0.1 0.1 0.2 3.1 3.7 2.6 18.4 15.2 54.4 49720206 492. 6657291 5.7 56.6 22.7 14.9 0.62 0.2 2.0 7.2 20.8 44.9 812603042. 242. 5091 25.0 27.2 22.4 25.4 0.4 0.3 2.6 88.1 42.1 24490202 913. 6285507 8.5 36.2 36.2 19.1 0.28 0.2 4.9 52.4 IEA 100 (kg CO 2.6 . . . .21. 645. . 622 102 136 7.5 17.1 4.0 51.5 2.6 68.1 26.4 59.6 13.4 14.5 20.7 14.5 0.42 0.22 0.59 0.0 0.0 0.0 9.5 1.2 4.4 7.6 3.9 9.0 AL .. .. TN countries Former USSR 705 TR C

2

JO percapita)(2008) O Caribbean America & O 2 emissionsbyregion 707 2 Latin MK 2 Emissions(2005/08) emissions 0820 082008 2008 2008 2008 . . .30.0 0.33 0.0 6.2 . . .217.8 0.32 0.9 3.7 . . .518.8 0.25 0.1 1.4 IEA BA .. .. Europe OECD 886 non- 200 1,633 Middle East R participa- 2 RS = world 1,764 0.79069 EU-27 tion . .41. 313. 95103 19.5 38.6 23.1 18.8 0.24 0.1 IEA % .. .. Motor vehicles and New Australia Zealand 3,119 a America** Emissions LY 3,892 300 kg C intensity North by G $ PPP 20)% (2000) IL IEA .. .. O D 2 P / b (per1,000people) industry and construc- HR intransport tion IEA 400 .. ..

C O 2 2008 19.5 17.1 25.7 emissionsbysector IEA % .. ..

500

PT production electricity and heat GR 2008 78.1 39.5 35.4 IEA % .. .. SI MT

sectors 600 other 2008 FR ES 25.6 20.2 IEA % 2.3 .. .. CY

per 1,000 vehicles 2005/07 people Motor 558 131 WB IT 71 ...... 700 a b a. Latestdataavailablefromthisperiod.(..)Dataunavailable. Own production.Source:FAO. Own production.Source: 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 Croatia Slovenia Palestine Israel Jordan Lebanon Syria Turkey Cyprus Greece Albania Macedonia Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya Egypt CHART F21 TABLE F21 Malta Italy France Spain Portugal Bosnia and Herzegovina Montenegro Serbia 5,000 - FR 9216 9217 9218 9219 022007 2002 1997 1992 1987 1982 1977 1972 1967 1962 TR

GR PT IT A Water ES vailable nationals AL 227.1 8. . . ,1 54792. 42 697 12 100 36 69 20 20 18 15 44 12 65 23.7 15.6 33.3 789 531 903 45.4 3,210 31.8 37.2 3,284 2,506 4.6 12.4 0.3 8.8 25.2 0.3 182.5 178.5 111.2 2008 km 776. 432,5 ...... 23,853 15,816 64.3 41.4 67.8 13.2 37.7 18.7 801. 196677166968 1110 0 1 12 11 30 88 58 9.6 4.4 646 598 7.1 1.8 6,667 13,268 21.9 35.5 16.3 14.8 58.0 26.9 1304363061165. 42 417 14 23 64 52.7 196 6.1 340 3.6 0.4 29.0 11.3 803. 476441. ,4 737 21 2 14 12 74 17.3 1,148 11.9 6,434 44.7 30.7 38.0 552053999...... 9,939 5.3 2.0 35.5 FAO . . 792220221195 66140 10 0 47 6 4 4 11 36 31 29 9 58 65 60 101.9 88 99.4 282 28.1 158 99.8 315 2.0 817 0.9 252 1.3 153 16.8 1,074 791 57.9 27.2 0.8 1.0 72.4 0.3 -0.3 0.8 9.7 0.8 0.7 4.8 7.1 . . . 0 . 7 457 1234 2 0 21 18 78 14 24.5 69 278 24.3 0.2 784 905 1.6 0.0 3,136 0.0 15.6 1.0 0.8 5.4 . . . 5 . 9 177 3413 18 4 100 3 6 13 14 76 8 83 61.7 718.0 86 296 777 119.2 2.9 4.3 937 452 95 68.3 703 8.7 0.0 0.4 96.9 0.0 55.5 4.2 0.6 1.8 0.1 ...... 3 R enewable Water

from other countries coming -13.4 Water resources 2008 km FAO 0.0 0.0 0.0 .. 3 HR

depend- water 2008 SI nyprcpt oa per capita total percapita ency A A A A A A A FAO FAO FAO FAO FAO FAO FAO FAO 0.0 1.0 3.0 0.0 m % R BA .. esources (1962-2007)(m

2008 2,890 124 202 918 3 ......

1,000 m 1,700 m

2000/08 500 m Water stress: below Water stress: below Water stress: below 40.1 12.6 km 0.1 0.4 3 3 3 .. 3 /person/year /person/year /person/year a

3 /inhabitant/year) 2000/08 m 549 104 427 75 3 .. 1,500 2,250 3,000 a 750

resources 2000/08 - as %of Water consumption total 9216 9217 9218 9219 022007 2002 1997 1992 1987 1982 1977 1972 1967 1962 EG 18.8 49.9 43.4 LB MA millionsm % % % % JO LY CY .. .. SY IL a

DZ

giutr oetcindustrial domestic agriculture MT 2000/08 PS 34 74 45 87 TN .. a

by sectors 2000/08 64 15 48 10 .. a

2000/08 11 2 7 3 .. a

D production 2000/08 esalinated wa FAO 31 ter 1 0 7 ...... a 3

419 Med.2011 Appendices 420 Med.2011 Appendices a. Onlymammalsandbirdsareincluded.(..)Dataunavailable. Own production.Source: Positive valuesindicatethattheforest surfacehasincreasedintheperiodshown,whilenegative valuesindicateadecrease. Own production.Source:FAO. Morocco Palestine Algeria Israel Turkey Malta Jordan Cyprus Tunisia Italy Montenegro Greece Libya Lebanon France Egypt Syria Albania Spain Serbia Croatia Macedonia CHART F22 TABLE F22 Bosnia and Herzegovina Portugal Slovenia 56.4 Egypt 51.4

Tunisia 29.0 Spain Changes inForestSurfacetheMediterranean(1990-2008)(%ofvariation) Environment 28.8 T 3,7 ,1 . 88025003422 1.6 25 472 0.3 5.0 8,072 98 0.6 1,510 238,174 7,5 1 . 9990110431 3.1 16 413 1.0 0.1 939 99 0.1 217 175,954 0,4 901101,9 . . 9 71.7 27 599 9.9 7.7 17,397 100 0.1 69 100,145 thousand

Syria Forestarea otal area 44,655 78,356 631973 16,361 0148932. ,8 . . 1 55.0 15 610 3.1 7.1 4,981 3 29.8 8,993 30,134 3163832. 1753424502 5.4 21 530 2.4 3.4 795 11 29.1 3,843 13,196 4991,5 8922,6 5432651 5.0 16 665 3.2 15.4 25,465 2 28.9 15,858 54,919 858492694 2.6 479 18,518 0571,2 5322609553673 5.4 31 647 5.3 9.5 2,600 2 35.3 17,821 50,537 2008 ,0 5 . 98 7.0 154 2,207 ,7 81110241. 16402 2.1 23 490 21.6 10.5 294 100 1.1 98 8,878 1,381 ,4 3 3154 13.1 137 1,045 ,7 7 713 5 . . 7 1.9 9 376 1.1 0.2 350 37 27.1 779 2,875 ,3 ,1 96. ,7 . . .1 .. 17 .. 0.0 2.7 1,778 .. 29.6 2,618 8,836 ,5 ,1 380827544411 3.8 17 461 4.4 7.5 862 0 33.8 1,913 5,659 ,7 8 851050.. 530 100 38.5 989 2,571 .0 .4 742606611662 4.5 20 606 1.1 6.6 600 2 37.4 3.448 9.209 ,2 ,8 2701390800301 2.8 10 390 0.0 0.8 1,329 0 42.7 2,185 5,121 ,2 ,4 161 8 . . 3 5.3 8 437 0.4 6.6 983 10 61.6 1,249 2,027 FAO ha 18.5 602 2 7 87100 18.7 173 925 Italy 32 17.0

thousand

Israel 11,096 5,111 2008 FAO ha 16.5 543 0,3

Greece 9 14.6

Turkey 11.4 14.2 39.3 2008 FAO 1.5 0.9 . 12171502482 1.9 20 438 0.2 1.5 2,177 91 5.9 % 9.1 France Caribbean America

and the Central

7.4 D -9.2 dry lands Cyprus eserts and 2003 FAO % 85 87 Southern Western 6.8 0 .. .. Asia and Macedonia +6.7

and Southern 4.4 Northern, Western Europe production Wood fuel Change inforestsurfacebyregion(1990-2008) thousand +14.3

Lebanon (by thousandsofhectaresand%variation) 2009 5,048 FAO m 3.9 156 266 3 Western and 90400471 2.9 17 447 0.0 0.4 79 70713422 1.5 29 432 1.3 0.7 27 Northern, Southern Africa 4505692 4.8 28 649 0.5 34.5 2 0801301 .. 10 370 0.1 10.8 4 0

Slovenia .. -12.5 3.6

cai Eastern Oceania Portugal N surfaces % ofthe ational protectedareas -2.6 16.4 2008 total land WB 2.8 1.9 6.7 1.2 Croatia .. Asia +19.3 1.2

Morocco South-Eastern % ofthe Asia marine -12.5 2008 total 1.0 WB 2.8 1.1 0.2 1.6

Palestine .. and Middle Eastern Africa -7.7

Malta species K Northern America 2004 8 55.7 15 380 581 391 559 nown WRI .. .. Libya +1.1 a Eastern Europe

Malta -2.4 T hreatened species 2010 Bosnia and IUCN America 11 32 17 28 South 6

Herzegovina -7.9 1990 a

Albania 0 200,000 400,000 600,000 800,000 1,000,000

Ecological 2008 -9.4-1.3-0.80.00.00.0 footprint gha per capita 2007 WWF 0.7 2.7 Algeria 1.2 .. .. a. Datafrom2008.b.Workers remittances,salariespaidandtransferofcapitalareincluded.c.Fromgoodservices.d.Datafrom2007.e.OwnproductionusingUNCTAD data. (..) Dataunavailable a. AccordingtoUNCTAD classification. Own production.Source:UNCTAD. Own production.Source: Montenegro Serbia Croatia Slovenia Cyprus Turkey Greece Albania Macedonia CHART F23 Syria TABLE F23 Palestine Israel Jordan Lebanon Libya Tunisia Egypt Morocco Algeria Bosnia and Herzegovina Malta Italy France Spain Portugal Lebanon 3.0% Cyprus 3.6% Egypt 4.2% Rest oftheMediterranean Turkey 4.7% Greece 2.1% Israel 2.4% Portugal 1.8%

countries 12.7% Spain 9.4% Foreign International

millions $ 102,129 403,022 474,500 217,609 xot Imports Exports 10,474 26,122 19,973 12,701 47,935 44,373 14,449 32,976 23,062 13,681 45,194 43,184 NTDUCA UNCTAD UNCTAD UNCTAD 2009 8,345 3,913 1,243 1,088 2,691 4,187 2,089 435 558 D irect InvestmentintheMediterranean(2009)(%) a

T

rade

ilos$%mlin ilos$millions$ millions$ millions$ % millions $ 140,921 0,1 9-215-814304053,3 43,918 147,161 30,538 16,335 59,628 15,030 0.5 2.0 2.4 3.064 13.745 -78,144 9.247 -64,229 -12,185 -156,432 -81,702 -114,456 99 86 76 408,718 550,272 286,410 60752 16,047 1234 1,0 -6,245 -3,329 -13,604 -1,520 49 99 21,203 26,333 9503 5,8 -51,313 -51,988 34 59,570 5638 309-8 3 7.2 638 -687 -3,029 81 15,693 6542 1,2 2907583. ,0 1,126 2,385 4,804 33.0 35.0 3.597 1,349 7.558 -2,393 -2,930 -4,382 -8,255 -11,122 97 305 25 49,278 14,534 16,574 4965 1,2 1457101. ,1 571 6,712 7.8 16.0 1.966 7.150 -1,711 35,702 -1,415 -4,632 26,518 -18,425 76 141 51 19,100 23,462 44,946 928152,9 442213. ,8 309 2,487 .. 2.193 34,452 26,097 115 32,777 39,258 9536 2,1 2,9 .9 . ,7 1,294 2,871 5.2 3.894 -29,298 -29,015 62 69,563 2009 3,569 ,5 8-,4 -2,764 -5,844 68 1,826 5,754 ,4 6-,6 -4,349 -2,002 -7,563 -1,210 -3,489 -2,380 16 24 53 7,748 4,548 5,032 3,592

a

Coverage 2009 ratio 58 24 72 16 42 e Italy 19.0% France 37.1%

2007/09 balance -57,173 -19,141 NTDUCA NTDUCA NTDUNCTAD UNCTAD UNCTAD UNCTAD UNCTAD UNCTAD T -1,671 -2,819 rade .-8,855 .. ..

account balance Current -41,289 2005 2008 -1,473 -4,528 -441 -408 Evolution offoreigndirectinvestmentbyeconomy

2006 2009 6.271 970 630 remittances (2005-2009) (millions$) Workers’ .. 1,920 ...... ,0 1,267 2,605 ...... ,5 1,838 3,355 ...... ,9 5,110 5,797 ...... ,9 1,172 3,892 ...... ,7 1,165 2,674 ......

Transition economies Developed economies Developing economies

2007 expor 104.4 2009 23.7 % of 0.7 b .. .. ­ts a a a c

2008 ilos$millions$ millions $ nlw outflows inflows 2009 1,311 7,611 1,434 1,688 1,331 Foreign direct 501 895 979 248 6 868 -67 investment 33

2009

0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2009 1,551 a 111 470

55 36 13 46 72 36 77 -3 5

421 Med.2011 Appendices 422 Med.2011 Appendices Own production.Source: a. AccordingtoUNCTAD classification. Own production.Source:UNCTAD. Portugal Tunisia Libya Egypt Jordan Lebanon Syria Greece Albania Macedonia Croatia Slovenia Malta Italy France Spain Algeria Israel Cyprus Bosnia and Herzegovina CHART F24 TABLE F24 Morocco Palestine Turkey Montenegro Serbia Portugal Spain France Morocco Algeria Italy

Malta Tunisia Slovenia Export ofManufacturedProducts(2009)(%totalexports) Exports Lybia Croatia A UNCTAD items ll food 2009 14.0 16.2 12.4 29.5 23.6 18.2 12.8 12.4 14.2 22.1 26.7 10.4 23.7 11.6 22.8 11.3 Bosnia andHerzegovina 9.2 0.1 7.3 4.2 4.7 8.1 0.3 3.5 8.3 % Egypt 100 0 25 50 75

raw materials A Palestine gricultural UNCTAD 2009 Serbia 2.2 0.5 0.0 0.4 0.7 1.5 2.3 0.5 2.8 3.7 1.8 0.9 1.2 0.7 1.6 0.3 0.4 3.2 0.1 0.0 0.8 0.7 1.5 6.8 2.3 % Israel Montenegro

Jordan Macedonia UNCTAD Fuels 2009 34.9 13.6 95.8 25.3 12.9 16.5 98.3 13.9 Lebanon 0.5 0.3 3.3 8.0 1.1 6.6 1.6 3.5 3.8 3.5 2.8 3.6 1.5 0.0 4.7 8.4 5.1 % Albania Syria Greece Turkey Exports Cyprus

and metals Minerals UNCTAD 2009 14.4 26.4 11.1 34.5 25.6 11.6 2005 9.1 7.6 0.7 1.3 0.9 9.1 2.3 8.0 3.1 7.4 3.7 3.6 2.2 2.4 2.5 0.5 5.9 7.1 3.0 % Export evolutionbyeconomy

2006 Manufactured products UNCTAD 2009 64.0 56.8 76.6 38.7 91.9 75.4 39.7 71.7 51.8 41.5 58.1 50.9 75.2 67.0 86.6 78.5 79.3 82.5 69.7 55.7 62.5 64.0 71.2 % 3.1 0.9 Transition economies Developing economies Developed economies 2007 (million $)

O UNCTAD 2009 26.2 thers % 0.0 0.2 1.2 3.6 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.3 2.5 0.1 2.6 0.0 0.4 0.1 1.4 0.9 7.1 2008 a (2005-2009)

concentration 2009 Export UNCTAD index 0.151 0.159 0.761 0.166 0.281 0.167 0.217 0.211 0.083 0.274 0.081 0.255 0.121 0.094 0.391 0.126 0.082 0.101 0.085 0.052 0.558 0.242 0.184 0.066 0.105 2009 0 2,500,000 5,000,000 7,500,000 10,000,000 Own production.Source: a. AccordingtoUNCTAD classification. Own production.Source:UNCTAD. Italy France Spain Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya Egypt Palestine Israel Jordan Lebanon Syria Turkey Cyprus Greece Albania Macedonia Montenegro Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Slovenia Malta CHART F25 TABLE F25 Serbia Portugal Portugal Spain France Morocco Algeria Italy

Malta Tunisia Slovenia Import ofManufacturedProducts(2009)(%totalimports) Imports Lybia Croatia A UNCTAD items ll food 2009 10.1 16.3 16.7 18.7 17.0 14.9 14.5 15.5 12.6 16.9 13.2 10.1 11.2 30.6 24.3 20.5 15.5 13.1 Bosnia andHerzegovina 9.3 9.6 8.6 7.6 8.9 4.3 6.0 % Egypt 100 0 25 50 75

raw materials A Palestine gricultural UNCTAD 2009 2.0 1.3 1.4 1.5 2.0 0.5 3.8 1.1 1.3 1.2 2.6 0.9 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 2.9 2.1 0.7 1.3 2.5 1.4 0.7 0.7 1.1 Serbia % Israel Montenegro

Jordan Macedonia UNCTAD Fuels 2009 17.6 13.3 15.0 11.4 17.0 17.7 19.9 30.3 17.5 16.9 11.3 14.8 10.9 20.4 14.1 10.5 12.9 Lebanon 1.1 7.1 9.9 5.7 8.9 5.2 7.6 8.6 % Albania Syria Greece Turkey Imports Cyprus

and metals Minerals UNCTAD 2009 12.7 2005 4.4 2.3 3.9 1.4 3.1 1.8 7.7 2.6 6.2 3.3 0.9 3.2 2.2 1.4 2.0 4.6 2.5 2.5 7.9 3.3 1.6 3.8 2.2 2.3 % Evolution ofimportsbyeconomy

2006 Manufactured products 63.9 73.8 70.2 63.2 58.6 79.8 74.9 71.6 59.9 60.8 59.5 57.7 49.2 63.5 62.1 65.0 77.2 69.7 62.2 71.5 69.9 72.0 55.0 64.2 62.1 UNCTAD 2009 % Transition economies Developing economies Developed economies 2007 (million $)

O UNCTAD 2009 16.8 19.1 thers % 0.6 0.0 7.7 1.0 0.2 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.3 0.0 0.8 1.9 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.3 0.8 8.5 2008 a (2005-2009)

concentration 2009 Import UNCTAD index 0.076 0.111 0.086 0.057 0.140 0.090 0.091 0.070 0.084 0.101 0.068 0.081 0.061 0.131 0.099 0.173 0.250 0.141 0.078 0.053 0.137 0.072 0.070 0.056 0.166 2009 0 3,000,000 6,000,000 9,000,000 12,000,000

423 Med.2011 Appendices 424 Med.2011 Appendices a. OwnproductionusingUNWTO data.b.Datafrom2006. (..) Dataunavailable. Own production.Source:UNWTO. Own production.Source: Portugal Slovenia CHART F26 TABLE F26 Macedonia Syria Egypt Bosnia and Herzegovina Libya Spain Croatia Albania Lebanon Serbia Greece Jordan Tunisia France Montenegro Cyprus Israel Algeria Italy Turkey Morocco Palestine Malta Rate of change in arrival of tourists 2009/08 (%) -30 -20 -10 40 10 20 0 0

Europe 57-. 49-1.6 -4.9 -4.9 -5.7 Rate ofchangeinarrivaltourists(2009/08) T T ourists andIncome(2008/09) ourism intheMediterranean exchange Americas MK 2009/08 2. ,9 2.3 6,092 -26.2 1. ,4 0.8 2,141 -10.9 NT NT UNWTO UNWTO UNWTO 891810.7 1,851 38.9 rate IL 581680.6 1,668 -5.8 311,1 4.4 11,914 -3.1 -3.3 875,3 19.3 52,231 -8.7 099353.5 9,335 -0.9 -0.2 641,1 5.5 14,915 -6.4 216,901 -2.1 637,0 27.5 74,200 -6.3 972310.9 2,321 -9.7 -8.4 1.7 . ,8 1.4 3,789 1.6 % 1.7 . ,1 0.7 1,912 7.9 . 32916.0 43,239 1.2 2.0 5.9 2.2 ...... RS IT SI Inbound tourists Middle East

thousands (%) 25,506 2009 1,044 8,341 1,183 FR 5 0.1 259 1 0.1 311 4 0.2 645 396 ...... Asia and Pacific

BA Mediterra- International tourismreceipts(%of exports) % inthe enthousands nean 2009 TR 0.4 0.4 9.4 0.1 3.1 2.6 World average:-4,2 a Africa 3.3 ES TN

O tourists 0992,2 4071 ,8 5 5,283 17 14,047 28,127 20,989 12923737,3 62,2 5 26,829 16 70,234 223,773 11,229 33756106,2 2156 52,135 9 66,821 526,160 23,347 82411774,9 7786 37,728 7 48,793 161,797 28,284 utbound MT 2008 9,873 3,058 ,5 ,4 ,1 ,6 4 1,567 8 3,115 4,843 2,459 ,5 34229219 2,972 73,492 5,253 4,531 3,716 ,8 ,2 ,3 91106 1,140 29 3,539 4,726 2,288 3,118 ,4 3293222 ,7 12 1,874 23 3,222 13,209 1,042 ,0 07248764455 4,445 6 4,807 10,752 4,207 1,539 WB 299 SY .. .. .799013 920 719 .. .. .5,2 1683 ,5 3 1,152 39 11,668 50,626 .. .. . ,9 ,1 ,3 5 1,435 7 1,113 1,399 .. .4,7 7562 ,4 3 3,946 22 17,586 47,974 .. b

20

huad million$ thousands overnight T ourists’ UNCTAD GR EG 11,262 56,918 stays 2008 6,965 8 6 5 262 587 CY .1,0 23305 3,390 22 12,104 ...... 9 ,3 5 1,339 0 99 .. .1894 ,4 23 1,644 48 1,849 .. .7603 ,9 14 4,297 34 7,690 .. .39916 3,909 .. .35.. 325 ..

MA 25,019 2008 1,215 8,885 tourism receipts WB 755 International ..

JO International inboundtourists 30 xot million$ exports 2008 % of WB 18 14 26

.. (thousands)

T LB ourism expenditure in othercountries 2008 4,031 1,910 WB 482 9 3 190 1 5 710 7 2 274 5 2 555 6 .. 469 43 .. 5,000 20,000 60,000

imports 2008 % of WB HR 7 2 4 .. .. 40 a. OwnproductionusingOECDdata. Own production.Source: Own production.Source:OECD. The firstpointthatappears correspondstothe1993/94biennial(exceptincase ofGreece,whichbeginsin1998/99) andthelasttoyear2009. dian forthe1993-94period, thesecondmedianfor1998-99period,and thirdthroughthelastpointsindicatevalues fortheyears2005,2006, 2007,2008,and2009. me- the representing first the with data, the for period or year the indicate points The GNI. the of percentage a as and terms absolute in ODA country,the donor of Mediterranean each for evolution, the show lines The Libya Egypt Palestine Syria Turkey Cyprus Slovenia Malta Italy Israel Serbia Morocco Algeria Montenegro CHART F27 Tunisia Jordan Greece Bosnia andHerzegovina France TABLE F27 Croatia Albania Macedonia Lebanon ODA (million $) Spain Portugal 10,000 12,500 2,500 5,000 7,500 0 0.10

Evolution of the ODA of some OECD donor countries 98/99 2009 O Fluctuation inthe 2009 fficial 1993-1994 1.12 O 1.06 million $ fficial developmentassistancebydonorcountry 1.04 D 1.03 1.03 12,600 3,297 6,584 0.97 evelopment 2009 OECD 2009 607 513 0.88 (1993-2009) (% of GNI) 0.20 0.82 0.79

ODA 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.52

0.45

A 0.38 0.37 ofMediterranean ssistance ( 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.34 0.31 0.28 Portugal 0.23 % ofG 0.21 0.18 0.15 2009 OECD 0.16 0.19 0.47 0.46 0.23

2009 N ODA I 93/94 Japan United States Germany Switzerland United Kingdom Ireland Finland Belgium Netherlands Denmark Luxembourg Norway Sweden 0.30 93/94 ) Spain

D 93/94 ODA (%ofGNI) onors (1993-2009) e aiamillion$ $ percapita OECD 2009 202 147 55 54 48 France

a

0.40 O Italy fficial developmentassistanceinrecipientcountries 3,026 1,362 2009 OECD 925 474 761 245 608 415 912 319 169 358 193 641 39 75

Greece 2009 2009

0.50 % ofG 2009 OECD 0.06 0.49 0.22 1.27 3.25 1.45 2.36 0.23 0.48 1.84 1.01 0.28 3.05 2.15 1.82

.. N I

$ percapita OECD 2009 704 121 109 112 125 153 11 18 46 61 38 97 11 29 0.60 6 0 9

a 93/94

425 Med.2011 Appendices 426 Med.2011 Appendices a. OwnproductionusingWBandUNPOPdata.b.Remittancesfrommigrantworkersareincluded.c.Latestdataavailablethisperiod.(..)Dataunavailable. Own production.Source: * TheWorld Bankoffersnodataonmoredevelopedcountries. Own production.Source:WB andUNPOP. Morocco Slovenia Malta Egypt Palestine Syria Turkey Algeria Italy Israel Cyprus Macedonia Montenegro Tunisia France Jordan Serbia Greece Libya CHART F28 Lebanon Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia Spain Portugal TABLE F28 $ per capita 1,500 3,000 4,500 6,000 0

0 DZ External External Million $ 10 SY million $ 251,372 23,752 33,257 21,709 33,402 24,864 D D 2009 5,236 5,345 5,589 2,308 6,615 4,719 9,583 WB ebt (2009) ebt

...... 5,000 25,000 100,000 EG

20

% ofG 2009 26.4 10.3 19.3 38.5 62.2 55.6 55.9 28.0 76 73.0 37.4 54.1 WB 3.5 MA ...... Kazakhs- a 109,873 N JO tan I 30 Romania 117,511

External debt $ percapita Principal debtors*(2009)(million$) 120,183 Argen- tina 3,361 2,795 2,108 1,050 3,847 3,374 5,920 1,475 2,522 2009 AL % ofGNI WB 239 401 153 742 TR 157,517 a 40 nesia Indo- ...... 192,008 Mexico

Long- 237,692 India ilo ilo %exports million$ million $ 211,647 50 30,696 21,573 16,907 29,402 21,768 2009 T 4,480 3,853 3,689 5,457 1,101 3,884 7,906 WB r etShort- erm debt 251,372 Turkey ...... BA 276,932 ME TN Brazil

381,339 60 Russia 39,725 MK 2,561 1,492 2,179 1,900 4,802 1,158 1,207 4,000 3,096 1,677 2009 T WB 428,442 756 835 erm debt China ...... 70

D LB ebt service 2008/09 12.5 41.6 14.8 10.1 37.1 18.0 10.5 RS WB 3.5 6.5 1.4 4.8 4.4 6.9 ...... c 80 b be replanted after each harvest, such such harvest, each after replanted be to need not do that and periods long during terrain the occupy that to crops dedicated land to refers crops manent per- for destined Land cultivation. tory migra- of result a as has abandoned been that land include not does term The years. five than of less a for period fallow temporarily land and orchards or gardens vegetable commercial to dedicated land grazing, or cutting for only counted once) temporal meadows are yields two giving (those crops rary tempo- to over given land is land farm and Arable crops. permanent for used the data on arable or farm land and groups land that area surface Agricultural crops A environments. brackish or inland marine, in cultivated ceans crusta- and molluscs fish, di- adromous and freshwater marine, Includes A the during indicated. period population Exponential change in the growth of the A employment. official without entails this all and tivity all ac- an out agricultural carry who those includes category This sistence. hunting, fishing or forestry for their sub- agriculture, on depend who Persons A pastures. and meadows permanent by and lands cultivated permanently and arable of up made area surface Land A 19. and 15 between aged A Definitions Nu rab qua nnu gri gri rate fertility dolescent mber of births per thousand women women per thousand of mber births cultural population cultural area land cultural le lands and permanent permanent and lands le culture production culture al population growth rate growth population al tary strategy. tary mili- in trained are they if guard border darmerie, the customs services and the gen- the as such forces, includes paramilitary also It forces. support and command aerial, naval, land, Strategic, wood. or firewood of duction to pro- the destined trees with planted land excludes but vineyards, and trees walnut trees, fruit production, flower to destined bushes by occupied land as cacao, coffee and rubber. It includes Carbon dioxide (C dioxide Carbon own. their on them deliver assist and babies also can who and erperium, pu- and birthgiving pregnancy, during women of counselling and pervision su- care, the in trained are that wives) personnel (physicians, nurses and mid- Percentage of births attended by health personnel B included. are country al- the in living foreigners though excluded, are countries other in living Nationals country. given any of borders geographical the within tion popula- total the by divided sumption, con- human for of derivatives its and fish disposability the from Calculated derivatives fish and A A ing of fossil fuels in the sectors of of sectors the in fuels fossil of ing burn- the by produced emissions ide diox- carbon of proportion the Shows sector by (C dioxide Carbon country. a by used fuels fossil all of burning the in duced pro- dioxide carbon of emissions The irt ver rme hs attended by skilled health health skilled by attended hs age annual supply of fish fish of supply annual age d forces d O O 2 2 ) emissions emissions ) emissions ) Ave C nourished. well be to assumed is which USA, the of population child the is reference of The age population group. the relevant with for the tion in average comparison devia- standard the twice than less is five under whose and weight for height, their age, children of Percentage age their for weight under Children FAO. the by ernments in the questionnaires sent out gov- respective the by supplied been bythe have FAO, obtained figures The trade Cereal production. and area surface on data the using been calculated have hectare per outputs The yield production Cereal excluded. therefore are ing, or and forage silage, are used for graz- foodstuffs, unripe hay, for harvested Crops grain. dry of harvests to refer only production cereal for figures The production Cereal stations. er pow- thermal including use, public for electricity of generation the by duced pro- emissions includes sector tricity elec- The construction. of and types industry all by produced emissions includes sector construction and indus- trial The excluded. are aeroplane or boat by journeys International road. by travelling vehicles agricultural ing includ- air, and rail road, of by transport forms all by produced emissions includes sector transport The duction. pro- electricity and industry transport, O 2 rage quantity of CO of quantity rage emissions intensity by G by intensity emissions 2 emitted per per emitted D P

427 Med.2011 Appendices 428 Med.2011 Appendices make up a country. a up make that (desert) hyperborean and barren lands), (dry land semiarid of Total area D purposes. domestic for is used water of this Most osmosis. inverse including techniques, of riety va- a using water salt from salt of tion elimina- by produced water of Amount D (IMF). Fund Monetary International the to charges) short-term on debts and repayments (redemption paid and interest debts, long-term for made payments terest in- and payments main the of sum The D week. a times four least at published to Refers newspapers those D transfers. net and incomes minus imports – of goods and services, exports – exports net the of sum The balance account Current year. current the of middle the in made is estimate An inhabitants. sand thou- per year per deaths of Number rate death Crude year. current the of middle is in made the An estimate inhabitants. Number of births per year per thousand rate birth Crude contraception. of method one least at using report who or in a relationship of women Percentage who are married rate prevalence Contraceptive normally is used. formula Laspeyres annually. The example for intervals; spe- at cific change can or fixed be can that services and goods of a of basket acquisition the in consumer, an average for cost, the in changes Reflects index price Consumer economy. ticular par- a by generated incomes of unit lation. popu- the in person each for available per day,of Amount in food, kilocalories D iet ese esa ebt ail y newspaper circulation newspaper y ary energy consumption energy ary service rts and drylands areas drylands and rts production water linated newable residues and fuels. and residues newable re- as well as energy, marine and tidal wind, solar, geothermal, by generation and sources energy nuclear and gas oil, coal, hydroelectric, includes Also stations. power electric of terminals equipment in the alternating Measured production Electricity pumps. the by absorbed electricity the deducting without stations, pumping by duced pro- electricity total the includes It also station. central the of part integral an considered transformers the in es loss- the and stations auxiliary of tion per consump- the includes and inhabitant production gross the to Refers capita per consumption Electricity services. and goods of duction pro- the in labour contribute, to able is or contributes, that age of years 15 over population the of proportion The rate activity Economic world the to average. equal space, ductive pro- biologically of hectare a as fined de- is and hectare global the is print foot- ecological the measure to used unit The population. the by generated for way infrastructures and to absorb the waste make to consumption, ergy en- maintain to consumed, resources productive land and water required to produce the biologically of area the total as defined is it population given a For humanity. by resources natural renewable of use the of Measurement footprint Ecological USD). in (PPP capita per GDP the and tion popula- male and female the the of total population, active economically the in men the and women of salaries, proportion to respect non-agricultural in male non- salaries female agricultural between on relation based the calculation Approximate income Earned attend school. to obliged legally are young people and children that group, age determined a within years, of Number education D ura tion of compulsory compulsory of tion Primary energy forms energy – Primary oil, gas, natural production Energy waste, others). among animal and vegetable wood, including biomass, (solid ones ditional tra- and ethanol) as such biomass, the from coming fuels and geothermal and biogas solar, thermal and photovoltaic waves, tidal, renewable (wind, include modern sources The pumping. from consumption excludes lectricity Hydroe- average). as- (European is sumed 33% of efficiency an energy, nuclear of case the In derivatives. its tion gas, natural of coal and petroleum, consump- power the include fuels sil fos- the origin, By source. the of origin the as well as inhabitant, per sumption con- the is Shown transport. national to boats and used aeroplanes for inter- destined fuel and exports less levels, in stock and changes imports plus tion produc- the local equals Consumption consumption Energy age. working of population total the to tive rela- work in population of Percentage rate Employment services. personal and social community, as well as services, ness busi- estate, real insurance, services, financial communications, storage services, transport, hotels, and rants and the restau- trades, retail wholesale includes category Services the gas); and water (electricity, services public and construction manufacturing, tion), oil traction (including activities produc- ex- mining, includes category Industry the exploitation; forest and fishing ing, hunt- includes also category riculture the Ag- (ISIC), Classification Industrial According to the International Standard sector by Employment force. bour la- or population active whole economically the is result the unemployed When to the population the employed adding employed. is that population active economically the of Proportion population Employed nuclear. and gas oil, generate electricity: hydroelectric, coal, to used sources energy the to Refers sources Electricity sult of dividing the consumption of of consumption the dividing of sult re- the is obtained data The included. not are fertilisers) vegetable and mal (ani- nutrients traditional and exports, lated plus as minus imports production is calcu- Consumption and potassium. phosphorous nitrogen, are considered fertilisers The land. cultivatable of unit Amount of vegetable nutrients used per consumption Fertilizer rates. fertility specific age current with accordance in children and bear years end of her childbearing the to live to were she if woman a to be that would born of Number children rate Fertility debt. short-term and (IMF) Fund Monetary International the from credit debt, term long- unsecured private guarantee, lic The sum of the national debt, with pub- debt External pay- ments. transfer as well as property, of It world. excludes labour and income in concept the of rest the to economy an by supplied goods all of value The Exports Classification (SITC). Trade International Standard the to according exported, into groups product takes different the account calculation the and tion concentra- meas- market of degree the It ures one concentration). and zero (maximum between values tain ob- to version, normalised a in used, is Index Herfindahl-Hirschmann The index concentration Export/Import life. child’s the throughout same the stay to were rates enrolment age-specific of patterns prevailing if receive to pect ex- can age entrance school of a child that schooling of years of Number schooling of years Expected municipal and residues. industrial and ogas bi- biomass, liquid and solid to refer residues and fuels renewable The oil. of equivalents into converted all tricity, elec- primary – and residues and fuels renewable and derivatives its and coal of one hundred total inequality. total hundred one of and a equality perfect value represents fectly equal A distribution. value of zero per- of state a considering sumption, con- and income of distribution the in inequality lesser or greater of Measure index Gini dollars. national inter- 2005 into converted GDP been The has fuels. of use the in ences differ- and sectors particular of ciency effi- the in changes changes, nomic entire and eco- structural reflect, partly countries differences The efficiency. temporary energy of Indicator G currency. cal lo- on constant based prices at market Annual percentage growth rate of GDP G capita per Product Domestic G not. or tive artificial plots of trees, whether produc- or natural with land all as Understood area Forest capital. short-term and long-term other and earnings of ment reinvest- the capital, equity the of sum the to equal is It investor. the of that than other country a in operating pany of in a the com- management business participation a lasting achieve to order in made is that investment direct Net investment direct Foreign network switched public to the equipment terminal subscriber’s the connecting line telephone Fixed lines telephone Fixed activities. aquaculture in or area marine water, who work sea), in fresh water, brackish at and land on personnel (both fishing em- subsistence and commercial in ployed people of number the Includes Fishermen land. vated culti- permanently and arable of area of each by fertiliser country the surface G Product D D D D P g P p P ( P P p P see see er unit of energy use energy of unit er rate rowth (see capita er ) Gross Domestic Domestic Gross Gross Gross ) Gross Gross contributions. ate intermedi- the subtracting and profits the all together adding after industry an of profit net the is subsidies). value added The the account into taking (without product the on tax economy, any plus an in producers resident G H butions. contri- international deducted and its dustry after having summed up all prof- in- an of profit net the of value added and property income) from abroad. The employees of (compensation income primary of receipts net plus output of not subsidies) in included the valuation plus any taxes producers (less product Gross country. Power Parities (PPP) in respect to each ing as conversion factors, the Purchase an comparable internationally scale us- Bank develop measures of the GDP on World the and Nations United the of (ICP) Project Comparison ternational In- The country. each in currency each of powers acquisition internal relative the does not measure into USA dollars to currency inthe figures convert national rates exchange official the Using Gross capita (G capita Gross (ISIC). Classification Industrial ard Stand- by the International determined value added the to according deter- mined is GDP the in sectors nomic eco- distinct the of contribution The sector Th Development Project (UNPD) relating relating (UNPD) Project Development Human figures. tual ac- than lower be may shown values so television colour to with only homes refer for some countries Data provided set. TV a with homes of Percentage television with Households Index Th In N dex elaborated dex by elaborated the United Nations D e sum of value added by all resident resident by all added e of value sum e sum of the added value by all the the all by value added the of sum e I ( I I ( I see see see see ) D D D N D ome ome ome ati D Gross National Income) National Gross Human Development Development Human eve onal Income (G Income onal P p P stic Product per per Product stic by Product stic (G Product stic lopment Index (H Index lopment er capita) er N D I) P) D I)

429 Med.2011 Appendices 430 Med.2011 Appendices to national freight companies for inter- for companies freight to national country made payments from including visitors, given a in received Income receipts tourism International tention. at- international less receives situation ple are twice as many as refugees, their peo- displaced internally though Even borders. country’s dis- their within were placed they refugees, unlike but their homes for fear of losing their lives, from flee to forced were people These population. displaced internally as live people million 25 some abuses, rights As a result of armed conflictsor human people displaced Internally infrastructures. office other and telecommunications as well as technology, information on Includes internal and external spending expenditures technology communications and Information births. under one year of age per thousand live of of the Shows number deaths infants rate mortality Infant visited. country the from within remunerated an activity than other is visiting in purpose main whose and months 12 exceeding not for a have residence, usual their period they which a in that to than other travel country who tourists of Number country destination by tourists Inbound pay- ments. transfer as well as property, of concept in income and labour cludes ex- It world. the of rest the from omy Value of all goods received by an econ- Imports receiving the of country. population the to respect in percentage a as and ures fig- absolute in given is data The year. the of point mid the at country given a of outside born people the to Refers Immigrants schooling). of (mean years and expected of years education education of level and birth) (per at expectancy (life health level GNI), capita income indicators: three ed areas where available water is is water included. are controlled available where areas ed sion of in rises and level low and flood- diver- by irrigated areas surface tion, distribu- the of control total or partial with Areas crops. to water supply to areas the infrastructure to hydraulic with equipped refers data Irrigation lands Irrigated computer. the of location physical the to correspond dresses of the users and do not always ad- the of codes country the on based worldwide Internet. These statistics are the to linked directly are an that economy within computers the as Defined users Internet and goods services. of exports the of ratio a as calculated is exports to respect in represents it day percentage The visitors. single from income the include ceived in the country. destination It can the re- services and goods of prepayment includes also It freight. national animals regardless of age, location or or location age, of regardless animals domestic all covers stock on data The stock animal Live life. its throughout same the stay to were birth its of time the at mortality of patterns prevailing if live would infant new-born a that years of number The birth at expectancy Life excluded. therefore are grazing, for used or lage, si- and forage foodstuffs, unripe hay, for harvested Crops grain. dry of vests to har- refer only area cereal cultivated the for figures The area. planted total ing to permanent crops can refer to the harvested, although those correspond- surface areas generally refer to the area crop cultivated to related figures The production cereal under Land lakes. principle and rivers as in general are defined waters Inland waters. inland by covered surface the minus area surface total the to Refers area Land account. into taken been have birds and mammals Only country. given a in species of number total the to Refers K now n species n lic telephone network using cellular technology. cellular using network telephone lic pub- the to automatic access and providing service mobile public, a to subscribed users telephone Mobile phones Mobile country. donor the of expenses the in in- cluded is assistance and Military supplies equipment. military of acquisition as sonnel, and well as the manufacture per- of and military training recruitment the on ministries other and Defence of Total by effected expenses the Ministry expenditure Military Sea. Black the in or and/ Mediterranean the in country a of The data refers to the catch by the fleet available). is data the where catches recreational (including subsistence or Fishing catches for commerce, industry catches Mediterranean and the the and Mediterranean attended. education of level each of durations theoretical on based schooling of years into verted con- population the of levels tainment at- on education based lifetime in their older and 25 ages people by received education of years of number Average schooling of years Mean births. live 100,000 every for pregnancy, to related causes to owing women of deaths of number Annual ratio mortality Maternal debt. publicly guaranteed and private non public, guaranteed components: three has It year. one than more of maturity extended or original an has that Debt debt external term Long trade. unregistered the of estimates rated incorpo- has FAO the animals, live of figures trade international resentative some rep- more obtain to of order In countries. borders the cross animals unregistered of quantities Enormous trade animal Live statistics. partial plying plied data, as well as for countries sup- sup- not have that been countries for made have Estimates purpose. final B lac k Sea Sea k O country. same the of emigrants outgoing the minus country given a into immigrants of entry The N considered. period the within receiving country the of population average the by divided migrants of number Net N education. ondary andsec- forprimary areshown figures The level. that for age school of official population the of total the of age official a as percent- level, that the for age school of are who education of level a in enrolled students of Number N production. domestic its economy and to what extent it exceeds Shows the amount of energy use by an N motorcycles. or mopeds not but cles, vehi- loading and buses cars, Includes vehicles Motor Number of trips that travellers make to to make travellers that trips of Number origin of O oil. crude of tonne a in contained energy of amount the to equal tically hour per of This amount is energy prac- (GWh). gigawatts 11,628 or ries tonne of oil is defined as 10 as defined is oil of tonne metric equivalent An measurement. of unit the as products energy the of tent con- on calorific the of based oil tonne Agency metric equivalent the uses which (IEA) Energy International the by published and calculated are fication classi- this in presented consumption All the values of energy and production O assistance. technical and eration co-op- including wellbeing, and ment develop- economic promoting to view a with organisations, international as tion as and well Development (OECD), the of Co-opera- Economic for Organisation (DAC) Committee sistance As- Development the of countries ner nancial terms by boardsofficial of part- fi- advantageous under granted loans The ( ODA et et et et et ffic utb il il net payment of donations and and donations of payment net equivalent number of migrants of number rate migration ratio enrolment import energy ial ial ound tourists by country country by tourists ound ) D eve lopment lopment A ssi 7 7 kilo calo- kilo stance stance Percentage of the population with ac- with population the of Percentage sanitation improved to access with Population population. total the of percentage a as electricity to access with people of number the to Refers electricity to access with Population number of physicians in its health system. number of inhabitants of the a country dividing by by the obtained is figure The physician per Population country. the of in of centage respect the population per- the and figure actual the shows It disease. the developed have they not or whether of regardless 2003, of end the at population infected living whole infected with HIV or AIDS. Includes the Est Population living with HIV/ with living Population the of population that lives in the coastal area. percentage the of Estimates coast Mediterranean the on Population people. 750,000 than more of population a had 2005 areas, in that a metropolitan in of living country population the of Percentage inhabitants 750,000 than more of agglomerations urban in Population metres. kilo- square in expressed area surface by land its of a country population nual an- average the dividing of result The density Population at a user time. ed by use single for one in computers use, intend- Independent computers Personal for land grazing). uncultivated or uncultivated (meadows or cultivated whether fodder, herbaceous for more) or years (five permanently used land to Refers pasture Permanent visited. try to undertake a paid activity in the coun- less than one of year, for any other reason period than a for residence, of try a given country from their normal coun- imated imated number of people of any age A I D S and services consumed during the the during consumed services (goods and costs running and vehicles) or equipment heavy of repairs purchase and major renovation, struction, (con- expenses capital of Composed education on expenditure Public each in areas country. sea and land tected pro- as well as of species, and habitats areas management natural monuments, parks, national areas, virgin reserves, natural all of area total the it includes (IUCN) Union World Conservation The to According and struments. in- other and resources legal through managed cultural sociated as- and natural biodiversity, of nance mainte- and protection the to cated dedi- especially sea or land of Areas areas Protected of number schools. primary in the teachers by divided schools primary in registered pupils of Number ratio pupil-teacher Primary above. or age of years 15 is it eral gen- in but countries, between varies range age The cigarettes. smoke who women and men of percentage The smoking of Prevalence the of user. home the from of kilometre radius one a within located source a least at from day, per of person per litres twenty availability the as fined de- is access Reasonable deposits. rainwater and springs protected wells, dug protected holes, bore standpipes, public connections, water household water: drinking of sources following the of any to access reasonable has that population the of percentage The source water improved an to access sustainable with Population excrement. the with contact into or entering animals people of avoidance efficient the allows it if and public) not (but shared or private is it if adequate considered is excrement of elimination of system A latrines. pit improved ventilated or latrines flush pour latrines, flush tanks, septic of systems or drains to nection as con- such of excrement, elimination the for installations adequate to cess

431 Med.2011 Appendices 432 Med.2011 Appendices oc epoe i te ifrn eco- different the in employed force Shown by the percentages of the work- population active the of distribution Sectorial field. scientific any in work to training in technicians and Scientists country. the of ulation pop- of total the as a percentage rural, as defined areas in year the of point mid the at population estimated The R or he citizen. a which is she in country the to or seek- er the of origin of nationality the to country refers The seeker. asy- lum an as registered been has she or he where or yet not response, a has received but asylum, requested has refugee the which in is country the country asylum The return. to ing or social unwill- or unable are who and groups determined opinions of membership political religion, race, nationality, of reasons to owing persecution of fear for country their flee to forced been have who People R or products processes. devices, new to leads that work development experimental and research and basic cludes applied In- knowledge. of stock the increase that activities systematic and creative of expenses capital and current The R funds. insurance medical sory compul- or social and organisations) non-governmental and agencies tional interna- by donations (including sions conces- external and loans local), and penses in government budgets (central ex- capital and recurring the to Refers expenditure health Public and travel. telecommunications rent, ance, insur- fuel, repairs, minor equipment, and furniture services, welfare social material, didactic and books services, or acquired contracted ing of services, and render- as such salaries covers expenses It year). following the newed re- be to need that and year current Pro ura efu & R fessionals that have received further & D gees l population l D ex penditures occupied by inland waters. inland by occupied in its the totality, area surface including country the of extension the to Refers area Surface debt. long-term on arrears interest original maturity of one year or less and an having non-residents to owed Debt debt external Short-term comes. in- in inequality of degree the tablish es- to order in 10%, poorest the and 10% richest the between made also is relation A are poorest. the (40%) considered quintiles lower two incomes. The greatest the to lowest the from quintiles) (or divisions five make they income, of distribution the mine deter- to countries in diverse in out homes carried questionnaires the In consumption or income of Share services. nomic sectors: agriculture, industry and of their country of origin. Values for for Values origin. of country their of population the of part as considered generally are who asylum, of a country in settled refugees except citizen, of status legal the with territory or try a of coun- residents the of all Includes T health. on ex- penditure private and government general Funds mobilized by the system. Sum of T inland lakes. and wetlands rivers, in place takes fishing freshwater while oceans, or seas in practiced is fishing Marine world. the of part any in country a of The data refers to the catch by the fleet available). is data the where catches recreational (including subsistence or Fishing catches for commerce, industry T account. into taken been have birds and mammals Only status. cies and those still without an assigned spe- extinguished known, sufficiently not is status whose species species, introduced all excludes but danger”, critical in or danger, in “vulnerable, as The World Conservation Union (IUCN), by classified species the all Includes T ota ota ota hre l population l expenditure health l catches l atened species atened in which the precarious settlement is is settlement precarious the which in city the of situation the with cordance In ac- space. vital and sufficient quality dwelling structural to healthcare, basic access water, to access drinking tion), evic- illegal against protection tenure (State secure conditions: following the of more or one lack and roof same the under live who of individuals group a is settlement precarious of place A slums in living population Urban and for employment. seeking available but work, without population active the of Percentage rate Unemployment births. live thousand becoming fiveyears old, expressed per and birth between death of Probability rate mortality Under-five ceans. and water crusta- and molluscs fish, salt aquaculture and fresh products. Includes derivative and fish tinned and smoked salted, dried, chilled, zen, fro- fresh, live, of imports and exports the to associated value the Expresses products balance. trade the in deficit a indicate values negative The balance. corresponding the flecting re- of purpose the with time of period and of exports an a during economy certain imports the holds that Account establishment. tourist of type the of regardless ited, vis- country the within spend tourists non-resident that nights of Number services. and goods of exports the of ratio a as calculated is exports, the of respect in travellers. The percentage it represents day of single the expenses can include It freight. international for freight companies national to payments the ing includ- country, given a from travellers of countries other in expenditure The countries T T T are shown. 2050 for projections and 2005 T our our rad rad e in fish and derivative derivative and fish in e balance e ists’ overnight stays overnight ists’ other in expenditure ism Refers to the percentage of seats oc- seats of percentage the to Refers seats parliamentary in Women countries. other in originating watercourses the and reserves) water rain underground and (rivers country the of watercourses the covering es, resourc- renewable total the to Refers resources Water another. from coming country, one in available water of Percentage dependency Water plants. nated desali- from and countries other from from coming rivers sources, derground un- renewable non from water In- cludes reservoirs. in evaporation to due losses the account into taking without year, a in humans by used water Total consumption Water locally be adapted. can concept this found, one year to be considered a resident resident a considered be to year one work in the new economy for more than of and live must immigrant An country residence. former their of residents the of favour in residents) considered and working in an economy (where they are living immigrants by transferred assets financial and goods are tances remit- workers’ Manual, Payments of Balance (IMF) Fund Monetary national of to thethe According Inter- definition remittances Workers’ energy. producing or heating es, as used for fuel cooking, Includes wood from trunks and branch- production fuel Wood both in chambers. women of participation the of the average weighted the to refers data chambers, two case are the there In where case. each to cording ac- senate, or higher a in or chamber, single or lower a in women by cupied vote. to right the of the recognition to partial first refers first the appear, two years when cases the In recognised. was vote to right equal and universal the when year the to refer dates The vote to right the obtained women Yearwhen the election. for stand to of right recognition partial first the to refers first the appear, years two when cases the In recognised. was election for stand to right equal and universal the when year the to refer dates The election for stand to right the obtained women Yearwhen origin. of country the to transfers normal be to considered only are immigrant an by business a of possession the all from derived those Moreover, transfers. considered are not abroad own accounts migrants im- the to made transfers The there.

433 Med.2011 Appendices 434 Med.2011 List of the Organisms... http://medcruise MedCruise, AssociationofMediterranean CruisePorts www ITU, InternationalTelecommunication Union www ILO, InternationalLabourOrganization www IDMC, InternalDisplacementMonitoringCentre www InternationalAtomic EnergyAgency IAEA, www FAO, FoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations ec EUROSTA ec European Commission-T www EIB, EuropeanInvestmentBank www CITES, ConventiononInternationalTrade inEndangeredSpeciesofWildFaunaandFlora Maps and Graphics Up Drawing for Tables, Consulted Organisms the of List http://mdgs Millennium DevelopmentGoals Indicators www IUCN, World ConservationUnion www IPU, Inter-ParliamentaryUnion www IOM, InternationalOrganizationforMigration www InternationalEnergy Agency IEA, . . europa europa ...... iucn itu ipu iom ilo iea internal-displacement iaea fao eib cites . . org int . . . . org org org org . . . int T, StatisticalOfficeoftheEuropeanCommission . . org org . eu/eurostat eu/trade org . un . org . com rade . org www WWF www WRI, World ResourcesInstitute www WHO, World HealthOrganization www WB, World Bank www unstats UNSTA www untreaty United NationsTreaty Collection www UNICEF, UnitedNationsChildren’sFund www UNHCR, UnitedNationsRefugeeAgency www www UNEP, UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgramme www UNDP, UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme www UNCTAD, UnitedNationsConferenceonT www UNAIDS, JointUnitedNationsProgrammeonHIV/AIDS www Plan Bleu www OECD, OrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment www MOFCOM, MinistryofCommercethePeople’sRepublicChina UNWTO, W UNPOP, UnitedNationsP UNFPA www UNESCO, UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization www SIPRI, StockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstitute ...... wwf wri who worldbank unwto un unicef unhcr unfpa unesco unep undp unctad unaids sipri planbleu oecd mofcom T, UnitedNationsStatisticsDivision , UnitedNationsPopulation Fund . un . . org/esa/population/unpop . un org . . . org int org . . . . org org org org . . . orld Tourism Organization . org . ch org org org . . org org . org . . gov org . org . cn opulation Division . htm rade andDevelopment

435 Med.2011 List of the Organisms... 436 Med.2011 Country Abbreviations LB JO IT IL IE HU HR GR FR FI ES EG EE DZ DK DE CZ CY CS BG BE BA AT AL Maps and Charts in Country Abbreviations

Lebanon Jordan Italy Israel Ireland Hungary Croatia Greece France Finland Spain Egypt Estonia Algeria Denmark Germany Czech Republic Cyprus Serbia andMontenegro Bulgaria Belgium Bosnia andHerzegovina Austria Albania MT MK ME MA LY LV LU LT US UK TR TN SY SK SI SE RS RO PT PS PL NL

Yugoslav Republicof Macedonia, theFormer Montenegro Morocco Libyan ArabJamahiriya Latvia Luxembourg Lithuania United States United Kingdom Turkey Tunisia Syrian ArabRepublic Slovakia Slovenia Sweden Serbia Romania Portugal Palestinian Territory, Occupied Poland Netherlands Malta  CIHEAM CHP CGPJ CFSP CETMO CEDAW CBC CARICOM CAP BSS BRICS BRIC BP BIS BDP AU AS AQIS AQIM AMU AKP AKEL AII AfDB AECID AA 3PL and Acronyms Abbreviations DRS DLDD DG DFTA DFLP DEOK DCFTA CSP CSDP CPA CNETAC CMR CMI CIM

Republican People’sParty(TR) General CounciloftheJudicialPower (ES) Common ForeignandSecurityPolicy Centre forTransportation StudiesfortheWestern Mediterranean Convention ontheEliminationofAllFormsDiscriminationagainstWomen Cross-Border Cooperation Caribbean CommunityandCommonMarket Common AgriculturalPolicy Black SeaSynergy Brazil RussiaIndiaChinaSouthAfrica Brazil RussiaIndiaChina Barcelona Process Bank forInternationalSettlements Peace andDemocracyParty(TR) African Union Democratic Alliance(GR) al-Qaeda intheSahel al-Qaeda intheIslamicMaghreb Arab MaghrebUnion Justice andDevelopmentParty(TR) Progressive PartyfortheWorking People(CY) Adriatic-Ionic Initiative African DevelopmentBank Spanish AgencyforInternationalDevelopmentCooperation Association Agreement Third-Party Logistics Départment du RenseignementetdelaSécurité (DZ) Desertification, LandDegradationandDrought Directorate General Deep FreeTrade Agreement Democratic FrontfortheLiberation ofPalestine Democratic LabourFederation (CY) Deep andComprehensiveFree tradeArea Country StrategyPaper Common SecurityandDefencePolicy Country ProgrammableAid Close NeighboursEconomicandTrade Association Council Convention ontheContractforInternationalCarriage ofGoodsbyRoad1956 Center forMediterraneanIntegration Convention ontheContractforInternationalCarriage ofGoodsbyRail International CentreforAdvancedMediterraneanAgronomic Studies

437 Med.2011 Acronyms and Abbreviations 438 Med.2011 Acronyms and Abbreviations FTA FRONTEX FLI FIS FEMIP FDI EUROSTA EULEX EUFOR EU ETC-LUSI ESRB ESMA ESM ESDP EP ENPI ENP EMP EMLP EMFTA ELSTA EIOPA EIDHR EIB EFSF EEAS EEA EEA EDEK ECOWAS ECHO ECB EBRD EBA EaP DS IAEA HSYK HSP HR/VP HDZ-1990 HDZ GWOT GSPC GMP GIIPS GDP GAERC FYROM FTA

T

European Agency for Future andFreedomforItaly Islamic SalvationFront Facility forEuro-MediterraneanInvestmentandPartnership Foreign DirectInvestment Statistical OfficeoftheEU European UnionRuleofLawMissioninKosovo EU MilitaryStaff European Union European Topic CentreLandUseandSpatialInformation European SystemicRiskBoard European SecuritiesandMarketsAuthority European StabilizationMechanism European SecurityandDefencePolicy European Parliament European NeighbourhoodandPartnershipInstrument European NeighbourhoodPolicy Euro-Mediterranean Partnership Euro-Mediterranean LogisticPlatform Euro-Mediterranean FreeTrade Area Hellenic StatisticalAuthority European InsuranceandOccupationalPensionsAuthority European InitiativeforDemocracyandHumanRights European InvestmentBank European FinancialStabilityFacility European ExternalActionService European EconomicArea European EnvironmentAgency Movement ofSocialDemocrats(CY) Economic CommunityofWest AfricanStates European CommissionHumanitarianAidDepartment European CentralBank European BankforReconstructionandDevelopment European BankingAuthority Eastern Partnership Democratic Party(RS) International Atomic EnergyAgency High Council of JudgesandPublicProsecutors (TR) Croatian PartyofRights(BA) High Representative/Vice-President Croatian DemocraticUnion 1990 (BA) Croatian DemocraticUnion (HR andBA) Global War onTerror Salafist GroupforPreachingandCombat Global MediterraneanPolicy Greece, Ireland,Italy, Portugal, andSpain Gross DomesticProduct General AffairsandExternalRelationsCouncil Former Yugoslav Republicof Macedonia Free Trade Area Free Trade Agreement the Management of Operational Cooperation at the External Borders OECD ODA NSRzB NSC NS NPT NPAA NIP NIF NEC NAMSA MPCs MMBtu MINURSO MENA MEDLOG MDGs MP MD MB LSI LOGISMED LNG KSF KLA IVZ IUCN ISG IPA IPA IMF IDF ICTY ICT ICO ICJ ICI R2P R&D PzP PSC PPT PL PKK PFLP PET PDS PDP PD PA-UfM OLAF O

Official DevelopmentAssistance Work forProgressPeoples’ Party(BA) National SecurityCouncil(TR) New Serbia(RS) Treaty ontheNon-ProliferationofNuclearWeapons National ProgrammefortheAdoptionofAcquis National IndicativeProgramme Neighbourhood InvestmentFacility Neighbourhood EconomicCommunity NATO MaintenanceandSupplyAgency Mediterranean PartnerCountries one millionBritishthermalunit United NationsMissionfortheReferenduminWestern Sahara Middle East&NorthAfrica Mediterranean LogisticsConference Millennium DevelopmentGoals Mediterranean Partners Mediterranean Dialogue Muslim Brotherhood Socialist MovementforIntegration(AL) Euro-Mediterranean LogisticNetwork Liquefied NaturalGas (sinceJanuary2009) Macedonian IslamicReligiousCommunity(MK) International UnionfortheConservationofNature International SteeringGroupforKosovo Instrument forPre-AccessionAssistance Istanbul PlanofAction International MonetaryFund Israel DefenseForces International CriminalTribunal fortheFormerYugoslavia Information andCommunicationTechnologies International CivilianOffice International CourtofJustice Istanbul CooperationInitiative Responsability toProtect Research and Development Movement forChanges(ME) Socialist PartyofCatalonia (ES) Mean AnnualPrecipitation Palestine LiberationOrganization Kurdistan Workers’ Party(TR) Popular FrontfortheLiberationofPalestine Mean AnnualPotential Evapotranspiration Democratic PartyofAlbania Progressive DemocraticParty(TN) Democratic Party(IT) Parliamentary AssemblyoftheUnionforMediterranean European Anti-FraudOffice Organisation forEconomicCooperationandDevelopment

439 Med.2011 Acronyms and Abbreviations 440 Med.2011 Acronyms and Abbreviations UNGA UNDOF UNCCD UfM UCLG UBP TRNC TNC TMSA TIM TFP TFEU TEU TEU TECA SWF SNS SMEs SLM SIL SGP SEMCs SDSM SDS SDS SDP SDI SDA SCAF SC SAP SAA RTAP RSP RMP RIP RCD Y WTO VMRO-DPMNE UNRWA UNMIK UNIFIL UNHCR ÖK

United NationsDisengagementObserverForce United NationsConventionstoCombatDesertification Union fortheMediterranean United CitiesandLocalGovernments National UnityParty(CY) Turkish RepublicofNorthernCyprus Transitional NationalCouncil(LY) Tangier MediterraneanSpecialAgency Turkish ExportersAssociation Total FactorProductivity Treaty ontheFunctioningofEuropeanUnion Treaty onEuropeanUnion Twenty-foot EquivalentUnit Tunisian ExternalCommunicationAgency Sovereign Wealth Funds Serbian ProgressiveParty(RS) Small andMedium-SizedEnterprises Sustainable LandManagment International LogisticsExhibition Stability andGrowthPact Southern andEasternMediterraneanCountries Social DemocraticUnionofMacedonia Serbian DemocraticParty(RS,BAandHR) Slovenian DemocraticParty Social DemocraticParty(HRandBA) Sensitivity toDesertificationIndex Party ofDemocraticAction(BA) Supreme CouncilofArmedForces Security Council Stabilisation andAssociationProcess Stabilisation andAssociationAgreement Regional Transport ActionPlan Regional StrategyPaper Renovated MediterraneanPolicy Regional IndicativeProgram Rassemblement ConstitutionnelDémocratique(TN) Board ofHigherEducation (TR) World Trade Organization National Unity Internal MacedonianRevolutionaryOrganization–Democratic PartyforMacedonian United NationsReliefandWorks Agency forRefugeesintheNearEast United NationsInterimAdministrationMissioninKosovo United NationsInterimForceinLebanon United NationsHighCommissionerforRefugees United NationalGeneralAssembly Europe Mediterranean Politics The Euro-MediterraneanPartnership P Economic CrisisinMediterraneanCountries The NewEraoftheArabWorld K Boxes of Index Sustainable Development Commercial Relations Economy andTerritory Balkans Territory andTransport Migrations Culture andSociety Cultural Dialogue anoram eys A NewStrategyforaNeighbourhoodinTransformation Partnership forDemocracyandSharedProsperity Chronology ofEUDecisionsinResponsetotheCrisis Changes intheArabWorld: aBriefChronology Governance intheMediterranean:InternationalConventionsRelatedtoBiodiversity Sector ClassificationDetails The EnlargementProcess:EUPolicy towardstheWestern Balkans Optimal ConditionsforCreatingaNetworkofEMLPS Protected AreaManagementCategories Africa-EU Migration,MobilityandEmployment(MME)Partnership. . The AnnaLindhReportonEuromedInterculturalTrends 2010,EleonoraInsalaco The EuropeanAsylumSupportOffice Conservation : T he M . editerranea ......

year ......

143 249 213 169 259 258 274 299 295 289 66 32

441 Med.2011 Index of Boxes 442 Med.2011 Index of Tables Table 18. Table 17. Table 16. Table 15. Table 14. Table 13. Table 12 Table 11. Table 8 Table 7. Table 6. Table 5. Table C1. Table B2. Table B1. Table A6. Table A5. Table A4. Table A3. Table A2. Table A1. A Table 10. Table 9. Table 4. Table 3. Table 2. Table 1. of Index Tables ppendices

Demographic andSocio-EconomicIndicatorsupto2010 Passengers attheMainMedCruisePorts (HomePorts andT in MediterraneanCountries Relevant InternationalConventionsforBiodiversityConservation Key FiguresfortheMediterraneanRegion Biodiversity intheMediterraneanRegion by Country(inmillionsofeuros) Breakdown ofENPIBilateralCooperationCommitmentsfor2007-2009 Average FDIFlowsperDestinations,2008-2010(in€m) 2009 NorthAfricanOilandGasData between 1995and2008 Movement ofPeopleintoTurkey fromtheMiddleEastandOtherRegions between 1995and2008(inmilliondollars) Turkey’s ForeignTrade withtheMediterraneanandOtherRegions Trade ofBRICCountrieswithSEMCsin2009 Russian Trade withtheSEMCsin2009 Brazilian Trade withtheSEMCsin2009 Indian Trade withtheSEMCsin2009 Chinese Trade withtheSEMCsin2009. . Investment RatesintheMediterraneanPartnerCountries(MPCs) Effects onCurrentAccountsandForeignReserves Effects onGrowth,EmploymentandtheBudget Number ofForeigners fromMPCsintheEuropean UnionbyNationality by Objective(2009) Breakdown ofSpanishCooperation intheMediterraneanRegion Mediterranean Region Breakdown ofNetSpanish Official DevelopmentAssistanceinthe EU HumanitarianAidDepartment (ECHO) European InvestmentBankLoanstoMediterraneanCountries in2009 Candidate Countries) Provisions forAidundertheIPA for2010(CandidateandPotential Mediterranean CandidateCountriesforAccession 2009 and2010 European NeighbourhoodandPartnershipInstrument(ENPI): Commission BudgetandtheEuropeanDevelopmentFund (EDF)in2009 Official AidtoMediterraneanCountriesFinancedunder theEuropean ...... ransit Ports) ......

290 262 258 257 256 242 230 217 198 110 109 108 107 393 392 391 390 389 389 388 388 387 196 112 77 76 75 Table F12 Table F11 Table F10 Table F9. Table F8. Table F7. Table F6. Table F5. Table F4. Table F3. Table F2. Table F1. Table E4. Table E3. Table E2. Table E1. Table D3. Table D2. Table D1. Table F20 Table F19 Table F18 Table F17 Table F16 Table F15 Table F14 Table F13 Table C2. Table F28 Table F27 Table F26 Table F25 Table F24 Table F23 Table F22 Table F21

Euro-Mediterranean AssociationAgreements Foreigners intheLabourMarket CO Production, ConsumptionandAccesstoElectricity Production andEnergyConsumption Gender: EconomicActivity Income Distribution Employment andUnemployment Fisheries Livestock Agriculture Economic StructureandProduction Security andMilitaryExpenditure Technology andCommunication Gender: SocialDevelopment Access toHealthResources Nutrition andFoodSecurity Health andSurvival Education andTraining ofHumanCapital Population: StructureandDistribution Population: Demography Human DevelopmentIndex(HDI) Multilateral DisarmamentTreaties Multilateral EnvironmentalTreaties Multilateral Treaties onLabourRights(yearofratification) Multilateral Treaties onHumanRightsandPenalMatters European NeighbourhoodActionPlans Stabilisation andAssociationAgreementswithWestern BalkanCountries External Debt Official DevelopmentAssistance(ODA) Tourism intheMediterranean Imports Exports International Trade Environment Water 2 Emissions ......

409 408 407 406 405 404 403 402 401 400 399 398 398 397 397 396 395 395 394 417 416 415 414 413 412 411 410 426 425 424 423 422 421 420 419 418

443 Med.2011 Index of Tables 444 Med.2011 Index of Charts Chart 26. Chart 25. Chart 24. Chart 23. Chart 22. Chart 21. Chart 20. Chart 19. Chart 18. Chart 17. Chart 16. Chart 15. Chart 14. Chart 13. Chart 12. Chart 11. Chart 10. Chart 9. Chart 8. Chart 7. Chart 6. Chart 5. Chart 4. Chart 3. Chart 2. Chart 1. Charts of Index

on ascaleof0-10) Global EconomicCrisisontheEuro-MediterraneanPartnership (average Probability oftheFollowingScenariosRegardingImpact within theFrameworkofUfM Assessment oftheProgressMadeonSixProjectsChosentoDate Action Plans Assessment oftheSectoralStrategiesandEuro-Mediterranean Evaluation oftheImplementationFreeTrade Area(FT Overall AssessmentoftheEMP/UfMandItsInstitutionalArchitecture. Total Trade of BRICCountrieswithSEMCsin2009 Trade ofBRICCountrieswithSEMCsin2009 Russian Trade withtheSEMCsin2009 Brazilian Trade withtheSEMCsin2009 Indian Trade withtheSEMCsin2009 Chinese Trade withtheSEMCsin2009. . Growth ofCapitalStock,TFPandRealGDP–20072009 Transfer Equation:Tunisia Transfer Equation:Egypt labour costs) Change inRealEffectiveExchangeRatesince2000(%,basedonunit on unitlabourcosts) Change inRealEffectiveExchangeRatefrom2000to2007(%,based Current AccountBalance(USdollars,billions) Long-Term GovernmentBondYields(%) Organization ChartoftheEuropeanExternalActionService (in millionsof euros, shareoftotalcommitments) Breakdown of theEU’sCountryProgrammable AidbyCountry, 1995-2009 Number ofCumulativePartnerships perRegion,2003-10 Change inFDIFlowsperRegion, 2003-2010(€m) Oil ExportsEnjoyTwo Years ofWindfallRevenuesin2010-11 Change inAmountsandFDI Projects(€m,MED-11) Framework ofCooperation Long-term HypothesesintheMediterraneanunder Present Leveland Degree ofProbabilityAttributedtotheFollowingPotential Mid- to for theUfM(averageonascaleof0-10) Assessment oftheImportanceOtherNewProjectsProposed on ascaleof0-10) Free Trade AreasbetweentheEUandits Mediterranean Partners(average Assessment ofProgressontheImplementationEuro-Mediterranean ...... A) ......

245 233 232 231 229 152 151 150 149 148 148 147 113 112 110 109 108 107 77 73 73 69 65 65 64 41 Chart F28. Chart F27. Chart F26. Chart F25. Chart F24. Chart F23. Chart F22. Chart F21. Chart F2. Chart F1. Chart B2. Chart B1. Chart 31. Chart 30. Chart 29. Chart 28. Chart F20. Chart F19. Chart F18. Chart F17. Chart F16. Chart F15. Chart F14. Chart F13. Chart F12. Chart F11. Chart F10. Chart F9. Chart F8. Chart F7. Chart F6. Chart F5. Chart F4. Chart F3. Chart A1. A Chart 27. ppendices

External Debt(2009) Fluctuation intheODAofMediterranean Donors(1993-2009) Tourists andIncome(2008/09) Import ofManufacturedProducts(2009)(%totalimports) Export ofManufacturedProducts(2009)(%totalexports) Foreign DirectInvestmentintheMediterranean(2009) (%) (% ofvariation) Changes inForestSurfacetheMediterranean(1990-2008) Available RenewableWater Resources(1962-2007)(m by Sector,1995-2009(shareoftotalcommitments) Breakdown ofEUDevelopmentAssistancetotheSouthernMediterranean Consumption andEnergyEfficiency(2007) Women’s IncomeinRelationtoMen’s Income(2007)(%). . Income ParticipationofthePeopleBalkanCountries(2003/2007) Total andYouth UnemploymentRate(2007/09) Fishing intheMediterraneanandBlackSea(2008) Livestock Trade Balance(2008) Cereal CultivationintheMediterranean(2009) Changes intheCPI(2005-2009) Refugees byCountryofOrigin(2010)(thousands) Internet Use(2008/09) Seats inParliamentHeldbyWomen (%oftotalseats) Expenditure inHealth,Doctors,andAdolescentFertility(2000/08) Cereal ImportsintheMediterranean(2008). . Health ExpenditureandMaternalMortality(2008) Student-Teacher RatioinElementary School(2002/09) Population AgeComposition(2009) Projected DemographicEvolutionintheMediterranean(2010-2050) Components oftheHumanDevelopmentIndex(HDI)(2010) by Sector(2009) Breakdown ofSpanishDevelopmentAidintheBalkansandTurkey East bySector(2009) Breakdown ofSpanishDevelopmentAidintheMaghrebandMiddle EU Cooperation2009 the Palestinians Birth RatesinIsrael-Palestine:RisingamongtheJews,Falling Area oftheMediterraneanin2009 MedCruise Ports: BreakdownofCruiseShipActivitiesbyGeographical (IUCN CategoriesI-IV) Number ofDeclarationsProtectedAreasinMediterraneanCountries in millionsofeuros) to theSouthernMediterraneanperProgrammingPeriod(yearlyaverage, Sectoral DistributionofEUDevelopmentAssistanceCommitments Vehicles andCO Evolution inElectricityConsumption(selectedcountries) (1982-2007) ...... 2 . Emissions (2005/08) ...... 3 ...... /inhabitant/year) ......

426 425 424 423 422 421 420 419 418 399 392 391 387 291 263 257 246 246 417 416 415 414 413 412 411 410 409 408 407 406 405 404 403 402 401 400

445 Med.2011 Index of Charts 446 Med.2011 Index of Maps Map 5 Map 4 Map 3 Map 2 Map A.17 Map A.16 Map A.15 Map A.14 Map A.13 Map A.12 Map A.11 Map A.10 Map A.9 Map A.8 Map A.7 Map A.6 Map A.5 Map A.4 Map A.3 Map A.2 Map A.1 A Map 1 Maps of Index ppendices

Official BilateralAidtoDevelopmentamongMediterranean Countries and EmpowerWomen Millennium DevelopmentGoal3:PromoteGenderEquality Population StructurebyAge(2010) Broadband ConnectionandCellPhoneUsersintheMediterranean Commercial AgriculturalBalanceandEvolutioninthePriceofFood Turkish EconomicRelations Logistics intheMediterranean Direct investmentbyChinainSouthernMediterraneanCountries Border MovementsoftheLibyanPopulation duringtheConflict Revolts andProtestsintheArabMediterranean Evaluation oftheEuro-MediterraneanFreeTrade Zone Euromed Survey:ExpertsandActorsintheEuro-MediterraneanZone2010. General EvaluationoftheEuro-MediterraneanAssociation Euromed Survey:ExpertsandActorsintheEuro-MediterraneanZone2010. Civil War inLibya(February16-April29) Economic crisisintheEU.BasicIndicators Distribution ofProtectedAreaintheMediterranean Sensitivity toDesertificationintheNorthernMediterranean Potential EnlargementofCNETAC Mashreq LogisticsCorridors The ExtremeRightinEuropetheLatestLegislativeElections. . World HeritageintheMediterranean EU ResidentsfromMediterraneanMemberCountries in theMediterranean Dependence forIncomeonInternationalTourism andCruiseTraffic ......

259 251 239 237 172 320 319 318 317 316 315 314 313 312 311 310 310 309 308 307 306 305 MIFTAH –thePalestinianInitiative forthePromotionofGlobal DialogueandDemocracy, Jerusalem Director ofthe MediaandInformationDepartment Joharah Baker Gulf ResearchCentre,University ofCambridge Director Abdullah Baabood Brussels The CentreforEuropeanPolicy Studies(CEPS), Senior ResearchFellow Rym Ayadi Barcelona European InstituteoftheMediterranean(IEMed), Euromed Policies Department Xavier Aragall Al-Quds CenterforPolitical Studies,Amman Director Political Analyst Oraib Al-Rantawi Secretariat oftheUnionforMediterranean,Barcelona Secretary General Youssef Amrani Istituto AffariInternazionali(IAI) Vice President Roberto Aliboni Barcelona European InstituteoftheMediterranean(IEMed), Director oftheSocioeconomicDevelopmentDepartment Javier Albarracín Political AnalystontheMediterraneanRegion Sébastien Abis Arab HumanDevelopmentReport Coordinator Adel M Authors . Abdellatif , Rome

447 Med.2011 Authors 448 Med.2011 Authors President, Association Marocaine pour la Logistique (AMLOG), Casablanca President, AssociationMarocaine pourlaLogistique(AMLOG), University Professor Mustapha ElKhayat Editorial Board,Afkar/Idées Journalist Ihsane ElKadi Oxford InstituteforEnergyStudies Research Fellow Hakim Darbouche Washington DC Carnegie EndowmentforInternationalPeace(CEIP), Director oftheInternationalEconomicsProgram Senior Associate Uri Dadush Paris Institut nationald’étudesdémographiques(INED), Youssef Courbage Former FinanceMinisteroftheRepublicLebanon Saint JosephUniversity, Beirut Professor Georges Corm Rome Istituto AffariInternazionali(IAI), Mediterranean andMiddleEastProgramme Junior ResearchFellow Silvia Colombo Paris Institut derelationsinternationalesetstratégiques(IRIS), Director Pascal Boniface La revueinternationaleetstratégique,Paris Editor inChief, Didier Billion University ofNiceSophia-Antipolis Assistant Professor Adel BenYoussef Barcelona European InstituteoftheMediterranean(IEMed), Director General Andreu Bassols Member oftheOSCEMissiontoBosniaandHerzegovina Co-founder ofTransConflict Ian Bancroft Member ofthe EditorialBoard,Afkar/Idées T Ridha Kéfi UniversityofLondon School ofOrientalandAfrican Studies(SOAS), Department ofAnthropology andSociology Professorial ResearchAssociate Jeremy Keenan Arab ReformInitiative,Paris Senior Researcher Salam Kawakibi Anna LindhFoundation,Alexandria Eleonora Insalaco Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan Begin-Sadat (BESA)CenterforStrategicStudies Director Efraim Inbar Bertelsmann Stiftung,Gütersloh Senior Expert-EuropeandtheMiddleEast Christian-Peter Hanelt University ofLiverpool Professor ofPolitics Richard Gillespie Macquarie University, Sydney Department ofModernHistory, Politics andInternationalRelations Lecturer Gennaro Gervasio Brussels The CentreforEuropeanPolicy Studies(CEPS), Research Assistant Salim Gadi Barcelona European InstituteoftheMediterranean(IEMed), President oftheExecutiveCommittee Senén Florensa Center forEuropeanStudies,MiddleEastTechnical University, Ankara Director Atila Eralp General AuthorityforInvestment,Cairo SME Unit Executive Director Reem ElSaady unisian Journalist

449 Med.2011 Authors 450 Med.2011 Authors European University Institute (EUI), Florence European UniversityInstitute (EUI), Researcher, MigrationPolicy Centre Delphine Perrin Somerville College,University ofOxford Junior ResearchFellow Emanuela Paoletti Barcelona European InstituteoftheMediterranean(IEMed), Euromed Policies Department Jordi Padilla Bilkent University, Ankara Center forStudiesinSocietyandPolitics Director Ergun Özbudun Centre forEuropeanReform,London Research Fellow Clara MarinaO’Donnell Leuven CentreforGlobalGovernanceStudies,Universityof Research Fellow Jed Odermatt UniversityofAlicante versidad (CIBIO), Mediterranean for Centre Species Programme Catherine Numa Mediana, Brussels Director Judith Neisse Ph DinPolitical Science Diplomat Manuel Montobbio University ofGhentandCollegeEurope,Bruges Professor ofEuropeanLaw Erwan Lannon Bogaziçi University, Istanbul Professor ofInternationalRelations Kemal Kiris¸ci Louvain-la-Neuve Centre d’EtudesetdeRecherchessurleMondeArabeContemporain(CERMAC), Director Bichara Khader

Cooperation IUCN-Med, by agreement with the Centro Iberoamericano de Biodi- de Iberoamericano Centro the with agreement by IUCN-Med, Cooperation Istituto per gli Studi di Politica Internazionale (ISPI), Milan Istituto pergliStudidiPolitica Internazionale (ISPI), Research FellowfortheMediterranean andMiddleEastProgramme Valeria Talbot Washington DC Carnegie EndowmentforInternationalPeace(CEIP), International EconomicsProgram Researcher Bennett Stancil Chatham House,London Head, MiddleEast&NorthAfricaProgramme Claire Spencer Former DirectoroftheLebaneseCenterforPolicy Studies,Beirut Political Analyst Oussama Safa Robert SchumanCentreforAdvancedStudies,EuropeanUniversityInstitute,Florence Scientific DirectoroftheMediterraneanProgramme Professor Olivier Roy Roberto CimettaFund,Marseille President Ferdinand Richard Berlin German InstituteforInternationalandSecurityAffairs(SWP), EU ExternalRelationsResearchDivision Senior ResearchAssociate Dušan Reljic´ Scientific Committee, Forum Euroméditerranéen des Instituts des Sciences Économiques (FEMISE), Marseille President Jean-Louis Reiffers Leuven CentreforGlobalGovernanceStudies,Universityof Research Fellow Thomas Ramopoulos Consultant, Hamburg Maren Qualmann Centre forPolitical Paris ResearchatSciencesPo (CEVIPOF), Director Paris Institut d’étudespolitiques(SciencesPo), Professor Pascal Perrineau

451 Med.2011 Authors 452 Med.2011 Authors IAMB) (CIHEAM Department WaterManagement and Resources Land - Bari of Institute Agronomic Mediterranean International CentreforAdvancedMediterraneanAgronomicStudies Senior ResearchScientist Pandi Zdruli Leuven CentreforGlobalGovernanceStudies,Universityof Director Jean MonnetChairandProfessorofInternationalLawOrganisations Jan Wouters University ofBarcelona Professor ofPolitical Science Pere Vilanova Post-Doctoral ResearchFellowoftheFoundation–Flanders(FWO) Professor ofEuropeanLaw, GhentUniversity Peter VanElsuwege FEMISE, Marseille Economist, SeniorResearcher Constantin Tsakas Centre forMediterraneanCooperationIUCN-Med,Malaga Director Antonio Troya University ofTrieste Department ofCivilEngineeringandArchitecture(DICAR) Vittorio Torbianelli University ofAberdeen Department ofPolitics andInternationalRelations Lecturer Andrea Teti