Abacus Abutment Acanthus Achievement of Arms

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ABACUS A FRAME STEAM ENGINE BT : CAPITAL BT : STEAM ENGINE SN : The flat slab at the top of a capital. SN : A simple, single cylinder vertical steam engine with its cylinder mounted directly on a baseplate, driving an overhead ABUTMENT crankshaft which is supported by two A-shaped frames UF : Butment BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT AGED MENS WARD SN : Solid masonry placed to counteract the lateral thrust of a BT : BUILDING COMPONENT vault or arch. SN : Series of rooms within a workhouse where elderly men were housed. ACANTHUS BT : FLORAL FEATURE AGIASTERIUM SN : A long much indented leaf usually curled over at the tip BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE which is a standard form of foliage in classical decoration. SN : The area of the Basilica, especially in the early church, in which the altar resides. ACHIEVEMENT OF ARMS UF : Arms AGRAFE UF : Coat Of Arms UF : Agraffe BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES BT : KEYSTONE NT : ESCUTCHEON SN : A keystone decorated with a relief sculpture, usually a NT : HATCHMENT cartouche SN : A display or depiction of authorised armorial bearings, such as the elements of a coat of arms, livery and personal Agraffe badges and flags, mottoes etc.. USE : AGRAFE

ACROTERION AILERON BT : PEDESTAL BT : GABLE RT : PEDIMENT BT : PEDIMENT SN : A plinth or pedestal, sometimes decorated, and SN : A half gable or half pediment concealing the lean-to roof sometimes supporting statuary, placed at the apex and lower of an aisle. extremity of a pediment. Airing Yard ADIT USE : EXERCISE YARD BT : ENTRANCE SN : A passage, usually horizontal, leading into a mine to AIR PUMP allow for access or drainage. BT : PUMP SN : A pump for removing condensed steam from the ADMINISTRATION BLOCK condenser of a steam raising plant. BT : BUILDING COMPONENT SN : A part of a building or complex where administrative Air Shaft duties are undertaken. USE : VENTILATION SHAFT

Adyton AISLE USE : ADYTUM BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : PASSAGE ADYTUM NT : AMBULATORY (INTERIOR) UF : Adyton NT : CARREL (AISLE) BT : ROOM NT : PASSAGE AISLE SN : Originally, the inner sanctuary of a Greek temple from SN : The side compartment of a building, usually a church, where the oracle was delivered. Now used for any private hall or barn, separated from the main body of the building by chamber or sanctuary. an arcade; or a passage allowing access to rows of seats in an auditorium or church. AEDICULE (FRAME) BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT AISLE PLATE RT : DOOR BT : WALL PLATE RT : NICHE SN : A horizontal member along the length of an aisle wall to RT : WINDOW receive the ends of rafters. SN : The framing of a door or window with two columns piers or pilasters which support a lintel,entablature etc. AISLE TRUSS BT : TRUSS AEDICULE (SHRINE) SN : A roof truss supported by arcade posts in an aisled BT : SHRINE building. SN : An opening or shrine, usually containing a statue, framed by a pair of pilasters or columns supporting an Alatoria entablature and pediment. USE : COVERED WAY USE : AUMBRY Alatorium USE : COVERED WAY AMBULATORY (EXTERNAL) UF : Deambulatory ALCOVE BT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : CLOISTER SN : A recess within a wall or room. SN : A path or area for exercise, usually taken in the form of walking. Can be partially or totally covered. Aleois USE : LOOPHOLE AMBULATORY (INTERIOR) BT : AISLE Allure RT : ALTAR SCREEN USE : ALURE RT : CHEVET SN : An aisle within a chancel providing access to, and Almery around, the High Altar and surrounding cells. USE : AUMBRY AMORINO ALMONRY BT : HUMAN FIGURE SN : A representation of a winged boy who represents Cupid BT : ROOM or Love. SN : A room in a monastery from which alms were distributed; or the residence of an almoner. Analemma Alorium USE : BUTTRESS USE : COVERED WAY Analemma ALTAR USE : WALL UF : Communion Table ANCHORAGE BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS RT : ALTAR RAIL BT : ROOM SN : An elevated table or podium on which to place, or SN : A room over the vestry of a church, often thought to sacrifice, offerings to a god or gods. have been where anchorets lived.

ALTAR RAIL ANCHOR AND COLLAR HINGE UF : Communion Rail BT : HINGE BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN : A simple type of hinge used for large gates. RT : ALTAR SN : A rail or balustrade that separates the altar from the rest ANCHOR BEAM of the church. BT : BEAM SN : A beam the end of which is fixed beyond the upright it ALTAR SCREEN passes through. BT : SCREEN RT : AMBULATORY (INTERIOR) ANCONE (CONSTRUCTION) RT : CHOIR BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A partition or wall behind an altar, often separating the SN : A projection left on a stone block to allow it to be hoisted choir and altar from the ambulatory and east chapel. into position.

Alura ANCONE (STRUCTURAL) USE : ALURE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : An ornamental bracket on either side of a doorway ALURE supporting a cornice. UF : Allure UF : Alura ANGLE BAR BT : BUILDING COMPONENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A walkway around the parapets of a castle or the roof of SN : The corner upright bar of a polygonal sash. a church. Angle Bead AMBITUS USE : ANGLE STAFF BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE ANGLE BOB RT : TOMB BT : MACHINERY SN : The consecrated ground immediately surrounding a SN : A mechanical component or device that can change tomb or grave. the direction of motion of a pump rod from the vertical to the horizontal plane and vice versa. AMBO BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS Angle Brace SN : A reading desk usually placed near the west end of the USE : BRACE choir. ANGLE BRACKET Ambry BT : BRACKET SN : A bracket that is shaped to form an angle. ANIMAL FIGURE ANGLE BUTTRESS BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES BT : BUTTRESS NT : BUCRANIUM SN : Two buttresses which meet at a right angle at the corner NT : GARGOYLE of the structure they are supporting. NT : GROTESQUE SN : A sculptural or decorative representation of an animal. ANGLE CAPITAL Includes mythical and fantastical animals such as dragons, UF : Corner Capital centaurs etc. BT : IONIC CAPITAL SN : A capital at the corner of a colonade or portico in the ANNEX Ionic Order in which the volutes are splayed outwards at 45 BT : BUILDING COMPONENT degrees. SN : A structure, or building, forming a supplementary and subsidiary part of a main complex. ANGLE CHIMNEY BT : CHIMNEY ANNULAR MOULDING SN : A chimney placed at an angle with the walls so that there BT : MOULDING is an obtuse angle with each wall. SN : A circular moulding.

ANGLE COLUMN ANNULAR VAULT UF : Angular Column BT : VAULT BT : COLUMN SN : A term used to describe a vaulted roof where the vault SN : A column at the corner of a structure. goes from either the newel of a staircase to a wall or from one wall to another where the walls are circular in plan. ANGLE MODILLION BT : MODILLION ANNULATED COLUMN SN : A diagonally set modillion placed at a cornice's external BT : COLUMN corner. SN : A column joined to another by a band or ring.

ANGLE RAFTER ANNULET BT : PRINCIPAL RAFTER BT : COLUMN SN : A principal rafter below a hip rafter that supports the SN : A small, flat band or fillet around a shaft or column. ends of purlins under a hip. Anse De Panier ANGLE RIB USE : BASKET ARCH BT : RIB SN : A rib placed at an angle to support timbers. ANTA BT : PILASTER ANGLE STAFF SN : A pilaster terminating the side walls of a temple whose UF : Angle Bead capital and base differ from those of its associated columns. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Such an arrangement, where the columns do not project SN : A vertical piece of wood fixed on corners of walls to help beyond the faces of the antae, is said to be 'in antis'. the fixing of plaster and to protect against damage to the plaster. Antechamber USE : ANTEROOM Angle Stone USE : QUOIN ANTECHAPEL BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE ANGLE STRUT SN : The partially enclosed western part of a chapel, leading BT : STRUT to the chapel proper. SN : A strut which is at an angle between the principal rafter and tiebeam. ANTECHOIR UF : Forechoir ANGLE TOWER BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT : TOWER SN : Part of a church in front of the choir and usually SN : A projection from the inner angle of a building around a enclosed by tombs, screens etc. court or with advancing wings, usually containing a staircase and often crowned above the roof line with an ogee dome. ANTECHURCH UF : Forechurch ANGULAR CAPITAL BT : BUILDING COMPONENT BT : IONIC CAPITAL NT : NARTHEX (MEDIEVAL) SN : A type of Ionic diagonal capital where all four sides are SN : An addition to the west end of a church which is similar the same and with therefore eight volutes. to a porch or narthex but usually consists of a nave and aisles. Angular Column USE : ANGLE COLUMN ANTECOURT BT : COURTYARD ANGULAR NICHE SN : The first court which is before the principal court. BT : NICHE SN : A niche in the corner of a structure. ANTEFIX BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : A decorative tile on the end of the cornice or eaves of a APPLIED ORDER building to conceal the ends of tiles. BT : ORDER SN : A classical order in which the columns or pilasters are ANTEHALL applied to a wall. BT : ROOM SN : The hall before a great hall. APRON BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Antepagmenta RT : NICHE USE : ARCHITRAVE RT : WINDOW SN : A shaped or decorated raised panel below the sill of a ANTEPORTICO window or a niche. BT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE RT : CLOISTER APSE SN : A porch in front of the solid wall of a cloister. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : APSIDIOLE ANTEROOM NT : COUNTER APSE UF : Antechamber RT : CHEVET BT : ROOM RT : EXEDRA SN : A room before a larger room which is often used as a SN : A polygonal or semicircular recess projecting from an waiting room. external wall, often with a rounded vault.

ANTHEMION APSE CHAPEL BT : FLORAL FEATURE BT : CHAPEL SN : A stylised, leafy decorative feature reminiscent of, and SN : A chapel that radiates from an apsidal end of a cathedral sometimes referred to as, honeysuckle or church.

APARTMENT APSIDIOLE BT : ROOM BT : APSE SN : A room or group of rooms in a building. SN : A small apse.

APEX STONE AQUA THRUSTER PUMP UF : Saddle Stone BT : WATER PUMP BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A type of water pump used in the Wigan coalfields in the RT : GABLE late 18th and 19th centuries. SN : The top stone in a gable end. ARABESQUE APODYTERIUM BT : FLORAL FEATURE BT : ROOM SN : A style of decorative design consisting of intertwined, SN : The undressing room in a bath house or similar. geommetrical patterns of leaves, branches, tendrils etc. Often defined as being devoid of human or animal figures. APOPHYGE BT : COLUMN ARCADE SN : The outward curve at the top or bottom of a column BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT where it joins the base or capital. NT : BLIND ARCADE NT : INTERLACING ARCADE APOTHECA SN : A series of arches. BT : STOREROOM SN : A storeroom for valuable goods, such as wine, oil and ARCADE PLATE spices. BT : PLATE SN : A timber running above vertical posts, in the place of a Apothecarerium wall-plate, within a timber-framed building. USE : INFIRMARY ARCH APOTHESIS BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE NT : ARCH BAND SN : Found in early churches this was a part of a church on NT : ARCH BRICK the south side of the chancel where there were bookshelves NT : BASKET ARCH and storage for vestments. NT : CHANCEL ARCH NT : ELLIPTICAL ARCH APPLIED BEAM NT : EQUILATERAL ARCH NT : EXTRADOS BT : BEAM NT : FALSE ARCH SN : A beam that has been applied to a wall face. NT : FLAT ARCH NT : FOUR CENTRED ARCH APPLIED COLUMN NT : HORSESHOE ARCH BT : COLUMN NT : IMPOST RT : ENGAGED COLUMN NT : INTRADOS SN : An engaged column, that is one attached to a wall. NT : POINTED ARCH NT : PROSCENIUM ARCH NT : RELIEVING ARCH NT : SEGMENTAL ARCH AREAS AND SPACES NT : SHOULDERED ARCH NT : CHAPEL NT : SKEW ARCH NT : DANCE FLOOR NT : SPLAYED ARCH NT : ENTRANCE NT : SQUINCH NT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE NT : STILTED ARCH NT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE NT : STRAINER ARCH NT : LAVATORIUM NT : THREE CENTRED ARCH NT : NEST HOLE NT : TUSCAN ARCH NT : PAVILION WARD BLOCK NT : TWO CENTRED ARCH NT : STAGE RT : ARCHWAY SN : Areas and spaces within a monument or site. RT : CENTERING SN : A curved construction, spanning an opening, formed ARENA from wedge-shaped blocks supported by mutual pressure; BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE they can also be formed from moulded concrete and cast SN : The body of a church or chapel as opposed to galleries. metal. ARK ARCHAEOLOGICAL FEATURE UF : Aron Hakodesh BT : IMPLIED FEATURE UF : Aron Kodesh SN : A feature found during an archaeological investigation BT : RELIGIOUS ELEMENTS which implies the presence of a monument, building, structure SN : A cupboard set into the eastern wall of a synagogue, or human activity. facing Jerusalem. The Torah scrolls are kept in the Ark.

ARCH BAND ARMILLA BT : ARCH BT : FASTENING SN : The part of a rib or arch visible below the general SN : A metal binding or ring fastened around the top of a pile surface of the vault. to stop splitting.

ARCH BRACE ARMOURY BT : BRACE BT : STOREROOM SN : A curving, upright timber brace used in roof construction, SN : A room where weapons and armour are stored. found in pairs, forming an arch. Arms ARCH BRICK USE : ACHIEVEMENT OF ARMS BT : ARCH NT : KEYSTONE Aron Hakodesh SN : A wedge shaped brick used to construct arches. USE : ARK ARCH BUTTRESS Aron Kodesh BT : BUTTRESS RT : FLYING BUTTRESS USE : ARK SN : A buttress shaped like an arch and springing from a pier in arched form to the wall. ARRIS FILLET BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ARCHITRAVE SN : A triangular piece of wood used to raise slates next to a UF : Epistyle wall or similar. UF : Antepagmenta BT : ENTABLATURE ARRIS GUTTER NT : FASCIA BT : GUTTER NT : GIBBS SURROUND SN : A V-shaped gutter. SN : The lowest of the three main parts of an entablature. Also the lintels, jambs and mouldings surrounding a door, ARTISTS STUDIO window, panels or niche; or the ornamental mouldings around BT : ROOM the exterior curve of an arch. SN : A workroom or apartment, often with a north-light, used for the creation of artwork by painters, sculptors etc. ARCHIVOLT BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES ASHLARING RT : MOULDING BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A series of concentric mouldings decorating the curved NT : ASHLAR PIECE face of an arch. SN : Short vertical timbers which go from the rafters to the inner plate on a thick wall. ARCHWAY BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ASHLAR PIECE RT : ARCH UF : Ashlar Post SN : An opening in a structure which is arched. BT : ASHLARING SN : An inclined timber running from a rafter to the inner face ARCOSOLIUM of a wall, forming a triangle. BT : CRYPT SN : An arched or vaulted recess, within a tomb or catacomb, Ashlar Post intended to contain a coffin or sarcophagus. USE : ASHLAR PIECE SN : A column base featuring a hollow, concave - or scotia ASIATIC BASE - moulding between two tori, which are projecting, convex BT : BASE mouldings. BT : IONIC ORDER SN : An Ionic base with a lower disc with horizontal fluting or ATTIC COLUMN reeding, above which is a torus, also reeded. BT : COLUMN SN : A square pillar. ASSEMBLY ROOM BT : MEETING ROOM Attic Storey NT : CHAPTER HOUSE USE : ATTIC SN : A large room for large numbers of people, eg for balls, meetings etc. AUCTION ROOM BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE ASTRAGAL SN : A room in which public or private auctions are held. BT : MOULDING NT : BEAD AND REEL AUDIENCE CHAMBER RT : BEAD UF : Presence Chamber SN : A moulding which is small, convex and circular. BT : MEETING ROOM SN : A room where a monarch or similar would meet people, A STRUT usually in a palace or similar building. BT : STRUT NT : SPANDREL STRUT AUDITORIUM SN : A strut with a reflecting counterpart that forms the letter BT : ROOM A on either side of a king post. NT : CONFERENCE ROOM NT : LECTURE THEATRE ASTYLAR SN : A room or hall designed for an audience to listen and BT : FACADE view, as in a theatre, concert hall, lecture hall etc.. SN : Describes a Classical interior, exterior or facade without pilasters or columns. AUMBRY UF : Almery ATLANTIS UF : Ambry UF : Telamone UF : Aumery UF : Atlas BT : CUPBOARD BT : COLUMN SN : A recess or cupboard within a church, usually positioned BT : HUMAN FIGURE near the altar, used for the storage of sacred vessels. SN : A whole male figure used in place of a column to support an entablature. Aumery USE : AUMBRY Atlas USE : ATLANTIS AUREOLE UF : Glory ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES UF : Vacuum Engine SN : Circular or almond-shaped halo surrounding the figure of BT : STEAM ENGINE Christ, the Virgin or a saint. SN : An early steam engine using steam at atmospheric pressure. Chiefly employed in mine pumping. sometimes AUXILIARY RAFTER known as a vacuum engine. BT : RAFTER SN : In a truss, a rafter used to stiffen the principal rafter by ATRIUM (ECCLESIASTICAL) doubling it. BT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : A court in front of a church, usually open. AXIAL BEAM BT : BEAM ATRIUM (SECULAR) SN : A ceiling beam aligned with the length of a building. BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : A central area within a building. AXIAL CHIMNEY PLAN UF : Central Chimney Plan Attached Column BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN USE : ENGAGED COLUMN SN : A plan of a building which consists of two or more cells where the chimney is placed on the axis of the building ATTIC between two rooms and midway between the lateral walls. UF : Attic Storey BT : STOREY Back Choir NT : GARRET USE : RETROCHOIR NT : LOFT SN : An area partly or fully within the roof space of a building. BACK PURLIN BT : THROUGH PURLIN ATTIC BASE SN : A purlin that is joined to the back of a principal rafter. BT : IONIC ORDER BT : CORINTHIAN ORDER BACK STAIRCASE BT : BASE BT : STAIRCASE SN : A staircase for the use of servants, tradesmen or individuals not permitted to use the main part of a building or BALL FLOWER establishment. BT : FLORAL FEATURE SN : Decorative ornamentation in the form of a ball enclosed BACKWASHING MACHINE within petals. BT : MACHINERY SN : A machine used in the worsted industry for cleaning BALL MILL woollen slivers after gilling and cording. BT : MACHINERY SN : A cylindrical device using ceramic or metallic balls to BAFFLE ENTRY PLAN grind materials like ores, chemicals, ceramic raw materials BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN and paints RT : LOBBY ENTRY PLAN SN : A plan featuring a doorless entry to a lobby in front of an BALLROOM axial chimney-stack. BT : ROOM SN : A room for holding receptions particularly balls. Bag Hoist USE : SACK HOIST BALL WINDING MACHINE BT : MACHINERY BAGNETTE SN : A hand operated machine for winding cotton and linen BT : MOULDING thread into balls - invented in 1802. RT : BEAD SN : A small semicircular moulding. BALUSTER BT : BALUSTRADE BAILEY NT : SPLIT BALUSTER BT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE NT : TURNED BALUSTER NT : INNER BAILEY NT : TWIST BALUSTER NT : OUTER BAILEY SN : An upright member supporting a coping or handrail in a SN : Defences or an external wall surrounding a castle's balustrade or staircase. motte or keep. Also a castle's outer court, or a court within a castle's walls. BALUSTRADE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BAKERY NT : BALUSTER BT : FOOD PREPARATION ROOM SN : The structure consisting of a series of balusters SN : A room for baking. supporting a rail or coping, and sometimes a base and pedestal, on a parapet, balcony or staircase. BALANCE BOB BT : MACHINERY BAND (MOULDING) SN : A counter balance designed to support the excess BT : MOULDING weight of a mineshaft's wooden beams. NT : BANDEROLLE NT : FRET BAND BALCONY NT : GUILLOCHE BT : BUILDING COMPONENT SN : A continuous series of ornaments within a horizontal SN : A platform projecting from the surface of a wall of a moulding. building carried on brackets, consoles or columns, usually placed before windows or openings, and protected by a BAND (STRUCTURAL) railing or balustrade. It can also be a gallery in an auditorium. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A flat, horizontal strip, block or moulding, sometimes BALDACCHINO decorated, on a facade or interrupting an architectural feature UF : Baldachin such as a column. UF : Baldaquin BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BANDED COLUMN SN : A canopy suspended, or on pillars, over a throne or altar. BT : COLUMN SN : A column in which the shaft is interrupted by stone Baldachin bands. USE : BALDACCHINO BANDEROLLE Baldaquin UF : Bannerolle USE : BALDACCHINO BT : BAND (MOULDING) SN : A flat band carrying a motto. Balistraria USE : LOOPHOLE BANKING HALL BT : ROOM Balk SN : An open area within a bank where financial transactions USE : HAYLOFT take place.

BALL FINIAL Bannerolle BT : FINIAL USE : BANDEROLLE SN : A decorative ball usually used to ornament a bench end, canopy, gable, pinnacle or spire. BANQUETING HALL UF : Banqueting Room BT : DINING ROOM SN : A hall normally reserved for holding feasts on special BASE occasions. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : ASIATIC BASE Banqueting Room NT : ATTIC BASE USE : BANQUETING HALL NT : COMPOSITE BASE NT : CORINTHIAN BASE BANQUETTE NT : DORIC BASE BT : FIRING STEP NT : IONIC BASE RT : PARAPET NT : TUSCAN BASE SN : A firing step from which standing defenders could fire SN : The lowest part of a structure, such as a pier, or the over the crest of a high parapet. section of an order on which the shaft of a column sits.

BAPTISTERY BASE COURT BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT : COURTYARD SN : A building, or part of a church, used for baptismal rites, SN : A small outer courtyard, or service-yard. usually containing a font. BASE CRUCK BAR BT : CRUCK BT : COUNTER SN : A cruck, forming the main upright of a wall but whose RT : BAR ROOM blades are truncated by a transverse member. SN : A counter from which beverages are served in a bar room. BASEMENT BT : STOREY BARE FACED DOVETAIL JOINT SN : The bottom storey of a building, often below or partially BT : JOINT below ground level. SN : A joint in which a dovetailed timber's surface is proud of the receiving member on one side. BASILICA PLAN BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN BARE FACED TENON JOINT SN : A plan type, usually for a church, having a rectangular BT : JOINT core with one apsidal end wall. SN : A joint in which the tenon retains one or more of the original sides of the timber. BASKET ARCH UF : Anse De Panier BARGE BOARD BT : ARCH BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : An arch consisting of a segment of a circle connected to SN : A board fixed at the gable end to purlins, often other segments with smaller radii. decorated. BASKET CAPITAL Barrel Roof BT : CAPITAL USE : WAGON ROOF SN : A Byzantine bell-type capital, ornamented with carving resembling wicker-work or basket-weave. BARREL VAULT UF : Tunnel Vault BASTION UF : Wagon Vault BT : BUILDING COMPONENT BT : VAULT SN : An outward projection from a defensive wall allowing the SN : A semi-circular or pointed vault uninterrupted by cross defenders to attack the flanks of any force attacking the wall. vaults, the ceiling bearing a resemblence to a tunnel or the inside of a barrel. BATH BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BARRING ENGINE SN : A container for holding water in which to bathe. BT : ENGINE SN : A small auxiliary engine to help start up a large steam BATHROOM engine - invented 1866. BT : WASHING ROOM SN : A room intended to contain a bath and often other toilet BAR ROOM facilities. BT : ROOM RT : BAR BATTEN SN : A room in a public house, hotel, club etc. containing a UF : Cover Slip bar from which alcoholic drinks are served. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A small timber fixed to a wall to support items such Bartisan as cladding. Also a strip of timber fixed across two or more USE : BARTIZAN parallel boards to join them together or conceal their join.

BARTIZAN BATTENED DOOR UF : Bartisan BT : DOOR BT : TURRET SN : A door with a planked outer face and spaced horizontal SN : A small turret that projects from the top of a tower or members such as battens or ledges on the inner face. parapet. BATTLEMENT UF : Embattlement NT : ROOD BEAM BT : PARAPET NT : STRAINER BEAM NT : CRENELLATION NT : TIEBEAM NT : MACHICOLATION NT : TRANSVERSE BEAM NT : MERLON SN : A main load-bearing horizontal member. SN : An indented parapet consisting of raised parts, called merlons, separated by gaps, or crenelles. Beam Engine USE : BEAM STEAM ENGINE BAY BT : PLAN COMPONENT BEAM SLOT NT : HALF BAY BT : IMPLIED FEATURE NT : SMOKE BAY SN : A slot, usually in a wall, into which a beam was placed. RT : CELL SN : A regular structural subdivision or compartment within BEAM STEAM ENGINE a building, defined by dividing walls or the positions of the UF : Beam Engine principal supporting members. BT : STEAM ENGINE NT : COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE BAY LEAF NT : CORNISH ENGINE BT : FLORAL FEATURE NT : NEWCOMEN ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE SN : Bay-leaf shaped decorative ornamentation, usually NT : ROTATIVE BEAM ENGINE adorning mouldings or friezes, often depicted in a garland NT : SIDE LEVER ENGINE arrangement. NT : SIMS COMPOUND ENGINE SN : An engine which operates machinery via a pivoted, BAY WINDOW horizontal beam with a piston located at one end and a BT : WINDOW reciprocating pump beneath the other, resulting in a rocking, RT : ORIEL WINDOW seesaw-like motion. Variations featured the steam piston SN : A window that forms a projection from the body of a placed above the beam. building, extending down to ground level, forming a bay in the wall's interior. Bed Chamber USE : BEDROOM BEAD BT : MOULDING BED MOULDING RT : ASTRAGAL BT : MOULDING RT : BAGNETTE SN : A moulding on an entablature that is between the frieze SN : A small convex moulding, often decorated with beads and the corona. and reels. BED NOOK Bead And Berry UF : Bed Recess USE : BEAD AND REEL BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A small projection designed to allow space for a bed. BEAD AND REEL UF : Paternoster Bed Recess UF : Bead And Berry USE : BED NOOK UF : Pearl And Olive BT : ASTRAGAL BEDROOM SN : Decorative ornamentation consisting of alternating bead UF : Bed Chamber shapes with small, elliptical forms resembling reels BT : RETIREMENT ROOM NT : CAMERA (BEDROOM) Beaked Ionic Capital SN : A room intended to contain a bed. USE : IONIC CAPITAL BEETLE BEAK HEAD MOULDING BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UF : Birds Head Moulding SN : A float or pontoon supporting a flexible steel roadway as BT : MOULDING part of a Mulberry Harbour. RT : CATS HEAD MOULDING SN : A decorative moulding depicting an animal or bird head Belfast Roof with a tongue or beak that overlaps the moulding set below it. USE : BELFAST TRUSS ROOF

BEAM BELFAST TRUSS BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : BOWSTRING TRUSS NT : ANCHOR BEAM RT : BELFAST TRUSS ROOF NT : APPLIED BEAM SN : A bowstring truss with the space between its members NT : AXIAL BEAM filled by a lattice of crossing diagonal rods. NT : BRESSUMMER NT : DAIS BEAM BELFAST TRUSS ROOF NT : DRAGON BEAM NT : FALSE HAMMER BEAM UF : Belfast Roof NT : FLITCHED BEAM BT : BOWSTRING ROOF NT : GIRDING BEAM RT : BELFAST TRUSS NT : HALF BEAM NT : HAMMER BEAM SN : A roof with a bow-shaped, segmental timber truss which SN : An elevated area or platform in a synagogue where the has the space between its members filled by a lattice of person reading aloud from the Torah stands. crossing diagonal rods. BIRDMOUTHED JOINT BELFRY BT : JOINT BT : ROOM SN : A joint in which the end of one timber is cut in V- form SN : The tower, generally attached to a church or other and rests on the edge of another timber, frequently found building but sometimes separate, where bells are hung between common rafters and wall plates. and from which sound is emitted. Also applied to the upper chamber where bells are hung, or the wooden structure Birds Head Moulding supporting them. USE : BEAK HEAD MOULDING

BELL BLADE BT : CAPITAL BT : CRUCK SN : The core of a capital. SN : A principal member in a cruck truss.

BELL CAPITAL BLEEDING ROOM BT : CAPITAL BT : ROOM SN : A capital which is circular and has several mouldings but SN : A room dedicated to the drawing or letting of blood, a no foliage. procedure once thought to possess medicinal properties.

BELLCOTE BLIND ARCADE UF : Sanctus Bell Cote UF : Wall Arcade UF : Bell Gable BT : ARCADE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : TRIFORIUM SN : A housing for one or more bells, usually gabled or SN : A succession of arches on shafts with no openings, roofed. attached to and used to enliven a wall.

BELL FRAME BLIND COLONNADE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : COLONNADE SN : A timber frame placed in the bell chamber of a church SN : A series of columns in a straight line supporting an tower or belfry designed to hold the bells. entablature with no openings or glazing.

Bell Gable BLOCK USE : BELLCOTE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A small piece of timber occupying the angle between two BELL TOWER other timbers. UF : Bell Turret BT : TOWER Block Capital RT : RINGING CHAMBER USE : CUSHION CAPITAL SN : A high tower, attached to or detached from a building such as a church, with a belfry stage containing bells. BLOCK CORNICE BT : CORNICE Bell Turret SN : An Italian cornice consisting of a bed moulding, a row of USE : BELL TOWER plain block corbels or modillions, and a corona or cornice.

BELVEDERE BLOCKED COLUMN BT : TURRET BT : COLUMN SN : A turret on the side of a house providing views across SN : A column whose shaft is interrupted by square blocks. the surrounding countryside. BLOCKING COURSE BILLET FRIEZE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : BILLET MOULDING SN : A plain stone course, sometimes projecting, above a SN : A series of billet mouldings forming a decorative band of cornice and counterbalancing the cantilevered sections of small, regularly placed squared or rounded blocks. stone, or at the base of a building.

BILLET MOULDING BLOWING ENGINE BT : MOULDING BT : ENGINE NT : BILLET FRIEZE SN : A steam engine driving a reciprocating air pump to SN : An ornamental moulding consisting of a series of small, provide air for a blast furnace. regularly placed squared or rounded blocks. BOARDROOM BILLIARD ROOM UF : Board Room BT : GAMESROOM BT : MEETING ROOM SN : A room intended for the placement and use of a billiard SN : A meeting room intended specifically for the use of table. a board of directors or governors of an organization or company.. BIMAH BT : RELIGIOUS ELEMENTS Board Room USE : BOARDROOM RT : BOWSTRING ROOF BOATING POOL SN : An arched, or bow-shaped, segmental timber truss with BT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE its ends tied together by a straight or cambered member. SN : Manmade feature to contain water for the purpose of floating miniature boats in it. Different to BOATING LAKE as BOW WINDOW lake can be naturally occuring park feature and can be used BT : WINDOW for full sized boats. SN : A window set within a curved projection from the face of a wall. BOILER BT : MACHINERY BOX FRAME SN : A steam generator comprising a pressure vessel, and/or UF : Post And Truss Frame rows of tubes arranged to receive heat from a firegrate. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : Timber framed construction where a box of horizontal BOILER ROOM and vertical members is created to support the roof. BT : ROOM SN : A room, usually at ground level or below, housing the BOX FRAMED TRUSS tank in which water is heated as part of a building's heating BT : TRUSS system. SN : A complete cross-frame from ground level to ridge in a box-framed building. BOLECTION MOULDING BT : MOULDING BOX OFFICE SN : A moulding which projects beyond the face of a panel or BT : ROOM frame, usually found in panelling or in doors. SN : A ticket booth in a theatre or cinema.

BOLSTER BOX PEW BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : PEW SN : One of the rolls forming the sides of an ionic capital, SN : An enclosed, high-sided seat, sometimes entered joining the volutes of the front and rear faces. through a door, usually found in churches as one of a series of box-like compartments. Bolter USE : SIFTER BRACE UF : Angle Brace BOOT SCRAPER BT : FASTENING BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS NT : ARCH BRACE SN : A device, usually cast iron and often decorative in NT : CONCEALED BRACE design, placed upon, embedded in or built into a doostep NT : CORNER BRACE facilitating the removal of mud, dirt, manure etc. from NT : DOWNWARD BRACE footwear before entering a building. NT : DRAGON TIE NT : KNEE BRACE BOSS NT : OGEE BRACE UF : Roof Boss NT : PARALLEL BRACE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : PASSING BRACE SN : A carved, convex block, often richly decorated, at the NT : PASSING WINDBRACE intersections of vault-ribs, beam-junctions or terminations of NT : RAFTER BRACE mouldings. NT : SCISSOR BRACES NT : SLING BRACE BOUDOIR NT : UPWARD BRACE SN : An inclined timber used to support and provide rigidity to BT : RETIREMENT ROOM roofs, partitions etc. SN : A small, finely-furnished room, traditionally where a lady could retire to be alone or entertain intimate friends. BRACKET BOWER BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : ANGLE BRACKET UF : Bowre NT : CONSOLE BT : PRIVATE ROOM NT : MODILLION SN : A private room or parlour usually at the same level as SN : A small support designed to help support a weight, such the hall. as that of a projecting member.

Bowre BRACKET MOULDING USE : BOWER BT : MOULDING SN : A decorative moulding cosisting of two ogee-forms with BOWSTRING ROOF joined faces. BT : ROOF NT : BELFAST TRUSS ROOF BRAKE WHEEL RT : BOWSTRING TRUSS BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A roof constructed of horizontal tiebeams and curved SN : The main gear wheel, which is engaged by a brake to trusses. halt or slow the machinery, mounted on the windshaft of a windmill. BOWSTRING TRUSS BT : TRUSS BREAD ROOM NT : BELFAST TRUSS BT : FOOD PREPARATION ROOM NT : AGED MENS WARD SN : A room for the storage of bread, biscuits, flour etc. Often NT : ALURE part of a buttery in medieval times. NT : ANNEX NT : ANTECHURCH BREAKFAST ROOM NT : BALCONY BT : DINING ROOM NT : BASTION SN : A room where meals, particularly breakfast are partaken. NT : CAPONIER NT : CHILDRENS BLOCK BREASTSHOT WHEEL NT : CONSERVATORY BT : WATERWHEEL NT : COUNTERSCARP BANK SN : A waterwheel in which the incoming water is directed NT : CUPOLA onto the periphery at approximately the same level as the NT : DOVECOTE axle, the water being kept in contact with the floats, or NT : EARTH CLOSET buckets, by breastwork of masonry, timber or iron. NT : EASTER SEPULCHRE NT : ENTRANCE BLOCK Breastsummer NT : GALLERY (ECCLESIASTICAL) NT : GARDEROBE (TOILET) USE : BRESSUMMER NT : HOSPITAL BLOCK NT : HYPOCAUST BRESSUMMER NT : LANDING UF : Breastsummer NT : LANTERN UF : Chimney Bar NT : LIFT UF : Brest Summer NT : LOGGIA BT : BEAM NT : NARTHEX (CLASSICAL) SN : A horizontal, supporting beam set above an opening NT : NEST HOLE in an external wall, a fireplace opening or in timber framed NT : OUTSHOT construction set forward from the lower part of a building to NT : PAVILION support a jettied wall. NT : PENTHOUSE (APARTMENT) NT : PERGOLA Brest Summer NT : PORCH USE : BRESSUMMER NT : RECEIVING BLOCK NT : ROOD LOFT BRICKWORK NT : SERVICE BLOCK BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : STAIRCASE SN : A structure, part of a structure or area constructed from NT : STEEPLE plain bricks. NT : SUPERVISORY HUB NT : SWIMMING POOL BRIDGE TREE NT : TOMB BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : TOWER SN : An adjustable, horizontal beam, supporting the vertical NT : VENTILATION SHAFT stone spindle in a water or windmill, which allows the gap NT : VERANDA between the grinding stones to be varied. NT : WESTWORK SN : A feature which forms part of a building and has a BRIDLED JOINT specific functional usage or decorative form. BT : JOINT SN : A joint consisting of a projecting tongue fitting into an BULL ENGINE open housing in a scarf joint or the apex of a rafter. BT : STEAM ENGINE SN : An early type of steam engine, similar to a Cornish BRINE TANK Engine, designed by Edward Bull. BT : MACHINERY SN : A tank within a salt works used for storing brine after is BULLSEYE WINDOW has been pumped from underground. The brine is then fed by UF : Oeil De Boeuf gravity into the evaporating pans in the Pan House. BT : WINDOW SN : An oval window placed with its long axis horizontal. The BROACH SPIRE term is often applied to similar round windows. BT : SPIRE SN : An octagonal spire atop a square tower, the transition BURIAL PIT between structures effected by partially pyramidical masonry BT : UNASSIGNED forms called broaches. SN : The pit in which human or animal remains are placed for interment,which may be either an inhumation or cremation. BROKEN PEDIMENT BT : PEDIMENT BURSARY RT : OPEN PEDIMENT BT : ROOM SN : A pediment with a gap at the centre of its base. SN : A treasury, often the bursar's room in a college or university. BUCRANIUM BT : ANIMAL FIGURE Business Room SN : Decorative motif in the form of an ox skull. USE : OFFICE

BUILDING COMPONENT Butment NT : ADMINISTRATION BLOCK USE : ABUTMENT BUTTERFLY PLAN CAMERA (BEDROOM) UF : Double Suntrap Plan BT : BEDROOM BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN SN : A private bed sitting room. SN : A nineteenth century plan where two or four wings of a house are constructed at an angle to the core, usually at CAMERA (CEILING) approximately 45 degrees to the wall of the core building. BT : CEILING SN : A ceiling that is curved or vaulted, sometimes employed BUTTERY to give a space the appearance of a vault. BT : FOOD PREPARATION ROOM SN : A room for the storage of food and drink. Camera (Generic) USE : ROOM Butt Purlin USE : TENONED PURLIN CAMERA (SUITE) BT : ROOM BUTTRESS SN : A suite of rooms. UF : Analemma BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CANAL INCLINED PLANE NT : ANGLE BUTTRESS BT : INCLINED PLANE NT : ARCH BUTTRESS SN : A slope, usually with rails, by which a boat can be NT : CLASPING BUTTRESS transferred from one level of waterway to another. NT : DIAGONAL BUTTRESS NT : FLYING BUTTRESS CANEPHORA NT : HANGING BUTTRESS BT : HUMAN FIGURE NT : LATERAL BUTTRESS SN : A sculpted female figure carrying a basket on her head. NT : PIER BUTTRESS NT : SETBACK BUTTRESS CANTEEN SN : A mass of stone or brick built against or as part of a wall to provide additional strength to it. BT : DINING ROOM SN : A room intended for the taking of refreshments, usually CABINET containing a counter from which they are served. BT : ROOM CAP SN : A small room used as a study for the preservation of papers etc. Generally use for any small room appended to a BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT larger one. SN : The rotating top section of a tower or smock mill.

CABLE MOULDING CAPITAL BT : MOULDING BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A decorative moulding shaped to resemble a length of NT : ABACUS cable or twisted rope. NT : BASKET CAPITAL NT : BELL CALDARIUM NT : BELL CAPITAL NT : COMPOSITE CAPITAL UF : Hot Bath NT : CORINTHIAN CAPITAL BT : ROOM NT : CROCKET CAPITAL RT : FRIGIDARIUM NT : CUSHION CAPITAL RT : TEPIDARIUM NT : DORIC CAPITAL RT : PALAESTRA NT : IONIC CAPITAL SN : The hot room in a Roman baths. NT : PROTOMA CAPITAL NT : STIFF LEAF CAPITAL Calefactory NT : TUSCAN CAPITAL USE : WARMING ROOM NT : WATER LEAF CAPITAL SN : The top part of a column, often decorated. CALVARY BT : SCULPTURE CAPONIER SN : A representation of the crucifixion of Christ or related BT : BUILDING COMPONENT scenes as a sculpture, etc. SN : An enclosed, defensible passageway, equipped with gun ports, extending into or traversing a dry ditch. CAMBA BT : FOOD PREPARATION ROOM CAPSTONE SN : A place in which brewing and sometimes baking took BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT place. SN : A large stone laid horizontally to form the roof of a chamber. CAME BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CARREL (AISLE) RT : WINDOW BT : AISLE RT : SADDLE BAR SN : An aisle divided into chapels. This term is sometimes RT : STANCHION applied to the screens dividing the aisle, or the chapels SN : An H-sectioned strip of lead used to hold panes of glass themselves. in position in stained-glass windows or other leaded lights. CARREL (NICHE) BT : NICHE BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : An enclosure or niche in a library or cloister used for RT : WALL PAINTING study. SN : A two dimensional image using paint applied to the surface of a ceiling. CARRIAGE ENTRANCE BT : ENTRANCE CELL RT : PORTE COCHERE BT : ROOM SN : An entrance large enough for carriages and vehicles RT : BAY leading through a building or wall into an inner courtyard. SN : Term used to indicate the basic unit of accommodation in the plan of a building. It does not necessarily relate to the CARTOUCHE structural divisions within a building. BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : A decorative, framed tablet, usually bearing an CELLAR inscription or coat of arms, in the form of a scroll or curving UF : Cellarium piece of parchment. BT : STOREROOM SN : A room that is underground or partially underground. CARYATID Primarily used for storage. BT : COLUMN BT : HUMAN FIGURE Cellarium SN : A female figure used instead of a column, usually USE : CELLAR supporting an entablature. CENTERING CASEMATE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : ROOM RT : ARCH SN : A chamber built into a wall in a defensive structure. SN : A temporary support placed under a vault or arch to support them during construction. CASEMENT BT : MOULDING Central Chimney Plan SN : A hollow moulding, often enriched, similar to a scotia or USE : AXIAL CHIMNEY PLAN cavetto, used in Gothic jambs and cornices. CENTRAL FIREPLACE PLAN CASEMENT WINDOW BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN BT : WINDOW SN : A plan in which a chimney containing back-to-back NT : FRENCH WINDOW fireplaces heats two rooms simultaneously by being placed SN : A window where the sash is hung vertically and the within the dividing wall. window opens outwards or inwards. CENTRAL STAIRCASE PLAN Casual Ward BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN USE : VAGRANTS WARD SN : A plan in which the staircase is placed at the centre of the building. CATS HEAD MOULDING BT : MOULDING Centre Valve Steam Engine RT : BEAK HEAD MOULDING USE : WILLANS CENTRE VALVE STEAM ENGINE SN : A decorative moulding depicting an animal or bird head, similar to a beak head moulding but with a shorter, cone-like CHAIN MOULDING tongue or beak overlapping the moulding set beneath it. BT : MOULDING SN : A decorative moulding in the form of a chain. CATSLIDE ROOF BT : PENT ROOF CHAIN PUMP SN : A roof with one side longer than the other, continuing at UF : Rag And Chain Pump the same pitch over an extension to a building. Commonly BT : PUMP found in New England Colonial architecture. SN : An early design of pump featuring a series of pistons, or sometimes bundles of rags, passing through a barrel on a CAULICOLI continuous chain, forcing water upwards. BT : FLORAL FEATURE SN : The lesser stalks springing from the principal stalks, or Chamber caules, within the decoration on a Corinthian capital. USE : ROOM

CAVETTO CHAMBER BLOCK BT : MOULDING BT : WING SN : A concave moulding where the profile is a quarter of a RT : ROOM circle. RT : SOLAR SN : An area of several rooms in a medieval house or CEILING building. Probably for domestic use. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : CAMERA (CEILING) CHANCEL SN : The surface of a room which conceals overhead BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE structural members. SN : The choir and sanctuary in the liturgical eastern part of a church appropriated for those who officiate during services. CEILING PAINTING CHANCEL ARCH CHILDRENS BLOCK BT : ARCH BT : BUILDING COMPONENT SN : An arch at the liturgical east of the nave, carrying a SN : Series of rooms in a workhouse complex where children gabled wall above, separating nave from chancel. were housed and looked after.

Chancel Screen CHIMNEY USE : ROOD SCREEN BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : ANGLE CHIMNEY CHANDELIER NT : CHIMNEY BREAST BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS NT : CHIMNEY COWL SN : A branched, hanging light fitting, often ornate in design, NT : CHIMNEY POT provifding illumination from a number of candles or lightbulbs. NT : CHIMNEY SHAFT NT : CHIMNEY STACK CHANGING ROOM SN : The flue or channel that funnels smoke from a fire. BT : ROOM RT : DRESSING ROOM Chimney Back SN : A room within a building, such as a shop or leisure USE : FIREBACK complex,sometimes equipped with cubicles or screens to allow a degree of privacy, where clothing can be tried on or Chimney Bar changed. USE : BRESSUMMER

Chantry CHIMNEY BREAST USE : CHANTRY CHAPEL BT : CHIMNEY SN : A stone or brick structure that projects into, or out of, a CHANTRY CHAPEL room and contains the flue. UF : Chantry BT : CHAPEL CHIMNEY COWL SN : A chapel, often attached to or screened off inside a BT : CHIMNEY church, endowed for the celebration of masses principally for SN : A covering of metal, stone or pottery set on a chimney the repose of the founder?s soul. breast above a fire to prevent smoke entering the room and instead directing it up the chimney. CHAPEL BT : AREAS AND SPACES Chimney Piece NT : APSE CHAPEL USE : MANTELPIECE NT : CHANTRY CHAPEL NT : GALILEE CHIMNEY POT NT : LADY CHAPEL BT : CHIMNEY NT : RADIATING CHAPEL SN : A cylindrical, polygonal, or square element of brick, RT : CHEVET metal or terracotta fixed on top of a chimney stack to extend SN : A building, room or area, often within or attached to a the flue and improve the extraction of smoke. church or other building, serving as a place of worship. Where a monument, use the Thesaurus of Monument Types. CHIMNEY SHAFT BT : CHIMNEY CHAPTER HOUSE SN : A very high chimney, though more often a chimney stack BT : ASSEMBLY ROOM containing only one flue. SN : A building, sometimes polygonal in plan, attached to a cathedral, church, abbey etc. and used for the assembly of CHIMNEY STACK chapter or brethren, often to address official business. BT : CHIMNEY SN : A masonry or brickwork structure projecting above a roof CHEESE PRESS and containing several flues. BT : MACHINERY SN : A device used in the production of hard cheeses that CHINESE ROOM exerts pressure upon fresh curds in order to remove and BT : ROOM drain away excess whey. SN : A room decorated, and furnished, in the style of the Chinese. CHEVET BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE CHOIR RT : AMBULATORY (INTERIOR) BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE RT : APSE RT : ALTAR SCREEN RT : CHAPEL SN : Part of a large church, east of the nave, appropriated for SN : The area that contains the ambulatory, apse and singers and clergy. chapels. Usually found in larger churches, monasteries and cathedrals. CHOIR SCREEN CHEVRON MOULDING BT : SCREEN SN : A screen separating the choir from other parts of the UF : Zigzag Moulding church. BT : MOULDING SN : A three-dimensional decorative ornamentation CHUTE composed of a series of Vs forming a zigzag. BT : MACHINERY SN : A vertical or inclined plane, channel, or passage through UF : Overstorey which objects are moved from a higher to a lower level by BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT means of gravity. SN : The upper parts of walls carried on arcades or colonnades in the nave, choir or transepts of a church or hall, CIDER PRESS rising higher than the lean-to roofs of the aisles and pierced BT : MACHINERY with windows to allow light to penetrate. SN : A machine that presses apples to extract juice for the production of cider. CLIMBING WALL BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS Cill SN : An artifically constructed wall with recessed and USE : SILL projecting grips for hands and feet and places to attach ropes. Used for practising rock climbing. If the wall is a free-standing CINQUEFOIL external structure use term for the Thesaurus of Monument BT : TRACERY Types. SN : An ornamental foliation in panels or tracery so called because it is arranged around five intervals, known as foils or CLOAKROOM cusps, that describe the outlines of five leaves or petals. BT : ROOM SN : A room in which cloaks, coats, hats etc may be left and CIRCULAR PLAN often including coathooks, hat boxes and similar fixtures and BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN fittings. SN : The plan on which a circular building is constructed. CLOCK TOWER CLADDING BT : TOWER BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A tall structure, high in proportion to its lateral NT : CLAPBOARD dimensions, often rising in stages, free standing or part of NT : SLATE HANGING another building, surmounted by a clock. NT : TILE HANGING NT : WEATHERBOARDING CLOISTER SN : A non-structural covering, such as tile, slate, wood etc., BT : AMBULATORY (EXTERNAL) applied to an exterior wall. RT : ANTEPORTICO SN : A covered ambulatory, usually arcaded, arranged CLAPBOARD around three or four sides of a quadrangle in a monastic or BT : CLADDING collegiate establishment. SN : A horizontal, riven board, tapered in section, used for external cladding. CLOISTER GARTH BT : COURTYARD CLAPPING QUOIN SN : A quadrangle or courtyard, often grassed or planted, UF : Hollow Quoin surrounded by cloisters BT : QUOIN SN : A quoin, usually of stone, with a concave rebate at one CLOSED TRUSS corner forming the surface against which the rounded edge of BT : TRUSS a canal lock gate turns, making a kind of hinge. SN : A truss in which spaces between timbers are filled, as between rooms and at the ends of a building. CLASPED PURLIN BT : THROUGH PURLIN CLOSE STUDDING SN : A purlin that rests against the lower surface of a principal BT : STUD rafter and is supported by a queen post, collar or raking strut. SN : In timber framed buildings this is the division of a wall into narrow panels by vertical studs. CLASPING BUTTRESS BT : BUTTRESS CLOSET SN : A buttress which encases the corner between two walls. BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : A small chamber or private room. CLASSROOM BT : SCHOOLROOM CLOTHING STORE SN : A room intended for the purpose of teaching a group or BT : STOREROOM class of students simultaneously. SN : A room within a building or complex used for storing clothing. Clearstorey USE : CLERESTORY CLUSTERED COLUMN UF : Compound Column Clearstory BT : COLUMN USE : CLERESTORY SN : A pier made up of several columns clustered together. They can be attached through their whole length or only at Clerestorey top and bottom. USE : CLERESTORY Clustered Pier CLERESTORY USE : COMPOUND PIER UF : Clearstory COALING CRANE UF : Clearstorey UF : Clerestorey BT : CRANE SN : A crane used for moving coal during the refuelling of SN : A small shaft or column. coal-powered vessels or locomotives. COLOSSAL ORDER COAL TIPPLER UF : Giant Order BT : MACHINERY BT : ORDER NT : HYDRAULIC TIPPLER SN : An order in which the columns rise more than one storey SN : Loading machinery tipping coal into railway wagons, in height from the ground or plinth. usually at a pithead. COLUMN Coat Of Arms UF : Demi Column USE : ACHIEVEMENT OF ARMS BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : ANGLE COLUMN COFFERING NT : ANNULATED COLUMN BT : PANELLING NT : ANNULET SN : A series of recessed, ornamental panels decorating a NT : APOPHYGE ceiling. NT : APPLIED COLUMN NT : ATLANTIS COGGED JOIST NT : ATTIC COLUMN BT : JOIST NT : BANDED COLUMN SN : A joist that has its end resting in a recess in a transverse NT : BLOCKED COLUMN beam. NT : CARYATID NT : CLUSTERED COLUMN Coien NT : COLONNETTE NT : COMPOSITE COLUMN USE : QUOIN NT : CORINTHIAN COLUMN NT : DETACHED COLUMN Coign NT : DORIC COLUMN USE : QUOIN NT : DRUM NT : ENGAGED COLUMN Coin NT : IONIC COLUMN USE : QUOIN NT : SPIRAL COLUMN NT : TUSCAN COLUMN Cold Bath SN : A vertical, circular member, usually load-carrying. Where USE : FRIGIDARIUM separate, use monument type.

COLLAR COMBER BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : MACHINERY SN : A horizontal member connecting rafters or cruck blades NT : HEILMANN COMBER at a point between their feet and the apex of the roof. NT : HOLDEN COMBER NT : LISTER COMBER COLLAR PLATE NT : NOBLE COMBER BT : PLATE SN : A machine used for combing wool. Use more specific SN : A horizontal timber that joins the collars of a series of term where known. roof trusses. COMBINATION MILL COLLAR PURLIN BT : FLOUR MILL BT : PURLIN SN : A flour milling machine using both stones and rollers to SN : A longitudinal member in a roof, running beneath the produce flour and, perhaps mainly from the stones, animal collar beams and intended to give stability to the roof. feed from grains other than wheat.

COLLEGE HALL COMBINED DIESEL AND GAS TURBINE BT : HALL (COMMUNAL) BT : DIESEL ENGINE NT : EXAMINATION HALL BT : GAS TURBINE SN : A large communal room within a college complex used SN : A propulsion system for ships which need a maximum for functions, assemblies, examinations etc. speed that is considerably faster than their cruise speed, particularly warships. It consists of diesel engines for cruising COLONNADE and gas turbines for high-speed transits. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : BLIND COLONNADE COMBINED STEAM AND GAS TURBINE NT : COLONNADE A JOUR BT : GAS TURBINE NT : PERISTYLE BT : STEAM TURBINE SN : A row of columns that carry arches or an entablature. SN : A propulsion system for ships using a combination of steam turbines and gas turbines to power the shafts. COLONNADE A JOUR BT : COLONNADE COMMITTEE ROOM SN : A colonnade where it is exposed to the air on two sides. BT : MEETING ROOM SN : A room where a committee meets to discuss matters put COLONNETTE before them. BT : COLUMN NT : NOOK SHAFT COMMON RAFTER BT : RAFTER SN : A rafter of uniform size placed at regular intervals along UF : Clustered Pier the length of a roof. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A pier made up of several shafts against it. The shafts COMMON RAFTER ROOF can be attached or detached. BT : ROOF SN : A roof consisting entirely of common rafters, without the COMPOUND RAFTER use of principals, in pairs but not connected by collar-beams. BT : RAFTER NT : SECONDARY RAFTER COMMON RAFTER TRUSS SN : A doubled rafter, separated by cleats, spacers or BT : TRUSS distance pieces. SN : A pair of common rafters with a collar. COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE COMMON ROOM BT : BEAM STEAM ENGINE BT : MEETING ROOM NT : EXTRACTION ENGINE SN : A room in general use for persons to meet, often found NT : MANHATTAN ENGINE at institutions such as colleges. NT : WILLANS CENTRE VALVE STEAM ENGINE NT : WOOLF COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE Communion Rail SN : A steam engine that uses the same steam successively USE : ALTAR RAIL to drive pistons in high and then low pressure cylinders.

Communion Table CONCEALED BRACE USE : ALTAR BT : BRACE SN : A brace halved to the inside of studs, and so not visible COMPOSITE ARCH from outside. BT : LANCET ARCH CONDENSING STEAM ENGINE BT : COMPOSITE ORDER SN : A lancet arch designed in the composite style. BT : STEAM ENGINE SN : A steam engine in which the spent steam leaving the COMPOSITE BASE cylinder passes to a condenser instead of being exhausted to the atmosphere. The condenser creates a partial vacuum BT : BASE which increases the pressure drop across the engine, so BT : COMPOSITE ORDER raising its efficiency. SN : Bases of this order are often referred to as spira and have a double astragal in the middle. CONFERENCE ROOM COMPOSITE CAPITAL BT : MEETING ROOM BT : AUDITORIUM BT : CAPITAL SN : A room where organizations and associations meet for BT : COMPOSITE ORDER the undertaking of presentations and consultation. SN : An ornate version of an eight-voluted Ionic capital known as an angular capital or Scamozzi under which are added two CONFESSIO tiers of acanthus leaves. BT : ROOM COMPOSITE COLUMN SN : A recess or chamber near the altar which holds a relic. A feature of medieval churches. BT : COLUMN BT : COMPOSITE ORDER CONFESSIONAL SN : A detached, sometimes monolithic vertical structural element usually circular, square or polygonal bearing an BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS ornate eight-voluted Ionic Capital. BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : A booth, cubicle or recess, often enclosed, in which a COMPOSITE ENTABLATURE priest, usually screened from view, hears confessions. BT : ENTABLATURE CONSERVATORY BT : COMPOSITE ORDER SN : The horizontal assembly of architrave, frieze and cornice BT : BUILDING COMPONENT carried upon columns and pilasters in the Composite order; SN : An extension to a building usually made primarily of and so containing elements of the Ionic and Corinthian glass, for growing plants. orders. CONSOLE COMPOSITE ORDER BT : BRACKET BT : ORDER SN : An S-shaped ornamental bracket with a greater height NT : COMPOSITE ARCH than projection. NT : COMPOSITE BASE NT : COMPOSITE CAPITAL CONTRA FLOW STEAM ENGINE NT : COMPOSITE COLUMN BT : STEAM ENGINE NT : COMPOSITE ENTABLATURE SN : The common design of steam engine, where steam SN : An order composed of elements of the Ionic and enters the cylinder at one end, and after it has pushed the Corinthian orders. piston to the other end, its direction of flow is reversed as the piston returns, the steam leaving the cylinder through the Compound Column exhaust ports. USE : CLUSTERED COLUMN CONTROL ROOM COMPOUND PIER BT : ROOM SN : A room in which actions are checked, verified and NT : CORINTHIAN ENTABLATURE approved. SN : A classical order having a bell shaped capital that is decorated with laurel, olive or acanthus leaves from which CONVEYOR BELT CAULICOLI emerge. The shaft is usually fluted and the base UF : Creeper is often an Attic base. BT : MACHINERY SN : A machine consisting of a continuously moving band of CORNER BRACE fabric, rubber, or metal used for transporting people or objects BT : BRACE from one place to another. SN : A short, horizontal brace set between a tiebeam and a wall plate to strengthen the structure. COOLING TOWER BT : MACHINERY Corner Capital SN : A large structure, usually associated with power stations, USE : ANGLE CAPITAL in which hot water undergoes a process of cooling before being re-used . CORNICE BT : ENTABLATURE COPING NT : BLOCK CORNICE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : CORONA SN : A protective covering applied to the top of a wall, NT : CYMATIUM chimney, gable etc., usually curved, sloping or ridged to NT : MUTULE prevent rainwater settling. NT : RAKING CORNICE SN : The upper part of the classical entablature. Also a CORBEL moulded projection crowning a door, wall, window etc. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : CORBEL TABLE CORNISH ENGINE SN : A cantilevered block projecting from the face of a wall BT : BEAM STEAM ENGINE and supporting a structure such as a parapet, beam or arch. SN : A beam steam engine originating in Cornwall, first used for raising water from mines. CORBEL TABLE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CORNUCOPIA RT : CORBEL BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : A projecting wall or structure, such as a parapet or SN : Decorative ornamentation in the form of a horn filled with battlement, supported by a series of corbels. fruit etc.

CORINTHIAN BASE CORONA BT : BASE BT : CORNICE BT : CORINTHIAN ORDER SN : A vertical faced projection in the cornice. SN : A slender and elegant base usually of Attic type with two tori, two scotiae and two astragals. CORPS DE LOGIS BT : PLAN COMPONENT CORINTHIAN CAPITAL SN : The main body of a structure not including wings etc. BT : CAPITAL BT : CORINTHIAN ORDER CORRIDOR SN : A capital with two rows of eight acanthus leaves rising BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE above an astragal;from between the leaves of the upper SN : A passageway within a building providing access to row rise eight stalks,each surmounted by a calyx from which rooms. emerge volutes carryingthe corners of the concave sided abacus and central ornaments COUNCIL CHAMBER BT : MEETING ROOM CORINTHIAN COLUMN SN : A assembly room or rooms in which a collection of BT : CORINTHIAN ORDER nominated persons meet to transact business of relevant BT : COLUMN purpose. SN : A vertical structure usually with an Attic base or spira with slender and elegant design, with a capital decorated with COUNTER acanthus leaves and an entablature rich in carved ornament. UF : Sales Counter BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS CORINTHIAN ENTABLATURE NT : BAR BT : ENTABLATURE SN : A flat-topped, often elongated, construction at which BT : CORINTHIAN ORDER customers are served by staff in a commercial establishment SN : An entablature often of great magnificence with bead such as a bank, shop, inn etc. and reel between fasciae of the architrave, frieze ornamented with continuous sculpture and cornice, with ornate coffers and COUNTER APSE richly carved modillions. BT : APSE SN : The apse at the west end of the nave in a double-ended CORINTHIAN ORDER church. BT : ORDER NT : ATTIC BASE COUNTERSCARP BANK NT : CORINTHIAN BASE BT : BUILDING COMPONENT NT : CORINTHIAN CAPITAL SN : A low bank on the edge of a defensive ditch on the side NT : CORINTHIAN COLUMN away from the main rampart. SN : A machine used for lifting materials. COUPLED ROOF BT : ROOF CREDENCE SN : A roof in which pairs of rafters are fixed to the ridge BT : NICHE piece and the wall plates without any collars or tiebeams. RT : PISCINA SN : In churches a niche, or shelf, within or beside a piscina, COURTROOM or a table for the sacramental elements and vessels. (Source: BT : MEETING ROOM Pevsner Glossary) SN : The place, hall or chamber in which justice is administered. CREEP BT : ENTRANCE COURTYARD SN : A small opening built into a wall to allow small animals BT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE through. NT : ANTECOURT NT : BASE COURT Creeper NT : CLOISTER GARTH USE : CONVEYOR BELT NT : FORECOURT SN : An enclosed area, often surrounded by walls or Crenel buildings. USE : CRENELLATION

COURTYARD PLAN CRENELLATION UF : Quadrangle Plan UF : Crenel BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN UF : Crenelle NT : DOUBLE COURTYARD PLAN UF : Embrasure SN : A plan of a house where the buildings are around at BT : BATTLEMENT least three sides of a quadrilateral courtyard. SN : The openings between the upright blocks, or merlons, of a battlement. COVE BT : MOULDING Crenelle SN : A large concave moulding. USE : CRENELLATION

COVERED WAY CROCKET CAPITAL UF : Pentice BT : CAPITAL UF : Alatoria SN : A capital which is decorated with stylized leaves similar UF : Alatorium to small volutes. UF : Alorium UF : Slype CROSS ENTRY BT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT : ENTRANCE SN : A passageway or corridor beteen two areas which is SN : The entry to a hall through opposed doorways, but covered. without a passage formed by a wall or partition.

Cover Slip CROSS GABLE USE : BATTEN BT : GABLE SN : A gable supporting a roof, placed at right-angles to the Covey main part of the roof. USE : PANTRY CROSSING Covie BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE USE : PANTRY RT : CROSSING TOWER SN : The intersection and space between the nave, chancel Coyn and transepts in a cruciform church. USE : QUOIN CROSSING TOWER Cradle Roof BT : TOWER USE : WAGON ROOF RT : CROSSING RT : LANTERN CRANE SN : A tower which rises above the space at the intersection BT : MACHINERY of the nave, chancel and transepts of a church. Usually NT : COALING CRANE pierced by windows to provide light directly to the area below. NT : DERRICK NT : FLOATING CRANE CROSS JOISTING NT : HYDRAULIC CRANE BT : JOIST NT : JIB CRANE SN : A method of floor construction in which sections of joists NT : MOVING CRANE run at right-angles to one another. NT : QUARRY HOIST NT : QUAY CRANE CROSS PASSAGE NT : STEAM CRANE BT : PASSAGE NT : TRAVELLING CRANE SN : Entry to a hall through opposing doors with a partition NT : TREADMILL CRANE screening the hall and forming a passageway. NT : WALL CRANE CROSS TRANSEPT CRUCK BT : TRANSEPT UF : Full Cruck SN : The transverse portion of a cruciform church, or the BT : TRUSS arms on either side of the crossing, often with chapels at the NT : BASE CRUCK east sides and possibly with aisles as well. NT : BLADE NT : CRUCK SPUR CROSS TREE NT : END CRUCK BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : JOINTED CRUCK RT : QUARTER BAR NT : RAISED CRUCK SN : Two intersecting beams set on the ground to support a NT : UPPER CRUCK post, usually for a post mill. SN : A pair of timbers, or blades, usually curved, rising from a place at or near ground level to a point at or near the apex CROSS VAULT of a roof, forming an approximately triangular frame on which BT : VAULT the subsidiary structure rests. SN : A vault created by the intersection of two other vaults set at right angles to each other and of equal size. CRUCK SPUR BT : CRUCK CROSS WINDOW SN : A short timber connecting a cruck's timber, or blade, to a BT : WINDOW wall plate. SN : A window with a single mullion and a single transom. CRUCK STUD CROSS WING BT : STUD BT : WING SN : A stud on the outside of a cruck blade and attached to it. SN : A wing joined to the main body of the building with the roof at right angles to the main roof. CRUSHING CIRCLE BT : MACHINERY Crouds SN : A horse-powered apparatus, for the crushing of USE : CRYPT commodities such as ore or cider apples, consisting of a stone wheel running over a circular iron or stone bed. CROWN PLATE CRYPT BT : PLATE SN : A plate in a crown post roof, supported on crown posts UF : Crouds and bearing the collars. BT : ROOM NT : ARCOSOLIUM CROWN POST NT : RING CRYPT SN : A wholly or partially underground chamber, often BT : POST beneath a chancel, equipped for religious services and SN : An upright timber standing on a tiebeam to support a usually containing tombs. collar or purlin. Once used as an alternative to king post, this term is now restricted to the shorter post ending at collar Cube Capital level. USE : CUSHION CAPITAL CROWN STEEPLE CUPBOARD BT : STEEPLE SN : A steeple in which the spire resembles a crown. BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CROWN STRUT NT : AUMBRY NT : WARDROBE BT : STRUT SN : A recess, often containing shelves and usually fitted with SN : An upright timber similar to a crown post, but not a door or doors, used for the storage of items. supporting a plate. CUPOLA CROWN TREE BT : BUILDING COMPONENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A small dome on top of a larger dome, roof etc. SN : The main vertical beam standing at the centre of a post mill carrying the bearing upon which the body of the mill CURTAIN WALL rotates. BT : WALL CROWN WHEEL SN : A wall connecting two pavilions, bastions, towers etc.. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT CUSHION CAPITAL SN : The gearwheel on the upright shaft within a windmill from which secondary drives operating other parts of the UF : Block Capital machinery are powered. are taken UF : Cube Capital UF : Pillow Capital CROWSTEPPED GABLE BT : CAPITAL NT : SCALLOPED CAPITAL BT : GABLE SN : A cube-shaped capital with its lower corners rounded SN : A gable with sides shaped like a flight of steps. to facilitate the transition from the circular shaft below to the square abacus it supports. CRUCIFORM PLAN BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN CUTWATER SN : A building plan in the shape of a cross. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A communal living room. SN : The wedge shaped end of a bridge pier designed to break the current of water. Deambulatory USE : AMBULATORY (EXTERNAL) CYCLE RACK BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS Dean Hole SN : A structure used for the secure storage of bicycles. USE : PRIESTS HOLE

CYMA RECTA DEBATING ROOM UF : Ogee Moulding BT : MEETING ROOM BT : MOULDING SN : A chamber where discussions of issues take place, often RT : OGEE found at universities. SN : A decorative S-shaped moulding, usually placed at the top of a cornice, with a convex lower half and a concave DECORATED PANEL upper half. UF : Painted Panel UF : Inscribed Panel CYMA REVERSA BT : PANEL BT : MOULDING SN : A panel, usually wooden or stone, painted or engraved SN : A decorative S-shaped moulding, usually placed at the with an illustration or inscription. top of a cornice, with a concave lower half and a convex upper half. DECORATIVE FEATURES NT : ACHIEVEMENT OF ARMS CYMATIUM NT : ANIMAL FIGURE BT : CORNICE NT : ANTEFIX SN : The top of a cornice in an entablature. NT : ARCHIVOLT NT : AUREOLE DADO (PEDESTAL) NT : CARTOUCHE UF : Die NT : CEILING PAINTING BT : PEDESTAL NT : CORNUCOPIA SN : The area between the base and the cornice of a plinth. NT : DECORATIVE PLASTERWORK NT : DENTIL DADO (WALL) NT : DIAPER BT : WALL NT : EGG AND DART RT : DADO RAIL NT : FINIAL SN : The lower area of a interior wall between the skirting NT : FLORAL FEATURE board and the dado rail NT : FLUSHWORK NT : GRAFFITO DADO RAIL NT : GUTTAE BT : MOULDING NT : HUMAN FIGURE RT : DADO (WALL) NT : KEY PATTERN SN : A wall-mounted moulding defining the upper edge of NT : KNOTWORK the dado, intended to protect the wall's surface from damage NT : MEDALLION caused by chairs being pushed against it. NT : MOULDING NT : OGEE DAIS NT : OVERMANTEL NT : OVERTHROW BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : PAINTING SN : A raised platform at the end of a hall on which the high NT : PANELLING table sat, though sometimes used to describe the table itself. NT : PATERA NT : PICTURE FRAME DAIS BEAM NT : PINNACLE BT : BEAM NT : REBUS SN : A decorated beam, above the dais or high table, NT : SCULPTURE attached to the partition at the upper end of a hall. NT : SPIRAL FLUTING NT : STONE CARVING DAIS CANOPY NT : STRAPWORK BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : TILING SN : A framed canopy suspended above the dais or high NT : TRACERY table at the upper end of a hall. NT : VOLUTE NT : WALL PAINTING DANCE FLOOR NT : WALLPAPER BT : AREAS AND SPACES SN : A component part that is designed deliberately for SN : An open floor surface for dancing. decorative purposes.

DASHWHEEL DECORATIVE PLASTERWORK BT : MACHINERY BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : An early washing machine used in bleaching works for NT : PARGETTING washing calico and other textiles. SN : An area of plasterwork modelled or incised with ornamental designs or motifs. DAY ROOM BT : MEETING ROOM Demi Column USE : COLUMN DIRECT ENTRY PLAN DENTIL BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : A plan in which entry is directly into a room without being SN : One of a series of small, rectangular blocks arranged situated opposite a fireplace. like a row of teeth, projecting from the lower part of a cornice in many classical orders. Discharging Arch USE : RELIEVING ARCH DERRICK BT : CRANE DISK ENGINE SN : A machine for hoisting or moving heavy weights, BT : HYDRAULIC ENGINE consisting of a spar or boom set up obliquely, with its head SN : A hydraulic engine patented in 1830 comprising a large steadied by guys, and furnished with suitable tackle and specially shaped cast-iron outer casing enclosing a close- purchases. fitting but separate solid globe.

DETACHED COLUMN DISPLAY CASE UF : Insulated Column BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT : COLUMN SN : An enclosed structure, usually glass fronted, designed SN : An unengaged, or free-standing, column. to contain, and facilitate the viewing of, objects or notices. May be built into the fabric of a room, affixed to an exterior or Diaconicon exterior wall or free standing. USE : SACRISTY DOGLEG STAIRCASE DIAGONAL BUTTRESS BT : STAIRCASE BT : BUTTRESS SN : A staircase divided into two parallel flights joined by a SN : A buttress placed at the exterior corner of a building, landing with no well between the outer strings. forming a 135 degree angle with the walls it supports. DOGTOOTH MOULDING DIAMOND MULLION BT : MOULDING BT : MULLION SN : A decorative moulding featuring a repeating star-like SN : A mullion of square section set diagonally. motif carved in relief.

DIAPER DOME BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A decorative, repeating geometric pattern, utilizing motifs SN : A roof, circular in plan, usually semicircular in section, such as lozenges, leaves etc., applied to a wall or panel, or over a circular, square or polygonal base. incorporated into brickwork by laying different coloured bricks in a series of squares, diamonds. DOOR BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Die NT : BATTENED DOOR USE : DADO (PEDESTAL) NT : HECK DOOR NT : JIB DOOR DIESEL ENGINE NT : PANELLED DOOR BT : INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE NT : PLANKED DOOR NT : COMBINED DIESEL AND GAS TURBINE NT : PRIESTS DOOR SN : Internal combustion engine powered by diesel fuel. NT : STUDDED DOOR NT : TRAPDOOR DIMINISHED PRINCIPAL NT : WICKET BT : PRINCIPAL RT : AEDICULE (FRAME) SN : A principal that has been reduced to the same thickness RT : DOORWAY as a common rafter where the roof has clasped purlins. RT : DRAW BAR RT : DOORCASE DINING ROOM RT : FANLIGHT SN : The entrance to a building, apartment or any enclosure UF : Tearoom consisting of a movable barrier, usually lockable, of wood or BT : ROOM other materials. NT : BANQUETING HALL NT : BREAKFAST ROOM DOORCASE NT : CANTEEN NT : HINDS HALL BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : REFECTORY RT : DOOR SN : A room, furnished with tables and chairs, where meals RT : DOORWAY and refreshments are served and consumed. SN : The wood, stone or brick framework, lining a doorway, from which the door is hung. DIOCLETIAN WINDOW DOOR LINTEL UF : Therm UF : Thermal Window BT : LINTEL BT : MULLIONED WINDOW SN : A lintel over a door. SN : A semi-circular opening or window divided, by two mullions, into three sections, the central section being wider DOOR POST than those either side of it. BT : POST RT : JAMB SN : A truss in which two pairs of arch braces form a SN : A vertical upright on either side of a door. continuous curve from the wall-heads or below to meet in the centre of the collar. DOORWAY BT : ENTRANCE DOUBLE COURTYARD PLAN RT : DOOR BT : COURTYARD PLAN RT : DOORCASE SN : Two linked quadrangular open areas surrounded by RT : TRUMEAU walls or buildings. SN : The space in which a door is placed, allowing passage through. DOUBLE DEPTH PLAN BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN DORIC BASE SN : A plan in which the building is two rooms deep but has BT : BASE no central corridor. BT : DORIC ORDER SN : A base of the Roman Doric order with a torus, an DOUBLE PILE PLAN astragal and a fillet. BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN SN : An English seventeenth century house plan consisting DORIC CAPITAL of a rectangular block two rooms deep, the rooms sometimes BT : CAPITAL separated by a passage. BT : DORIC ORDER SN : A capital with an abacus, ovolo, neck and astragal. Double Suntrap Plan USE : BUTTERFLY PLAN DORIC COLUMN BT : COLUMN DOVECOTE BT : DORIC ORDER BT : BUILDING COMPONENT SN : A column that is equidistant, with intercolumniations, RT : NEST HOLE even at the corners, with two or more triglyphs over each SN : A shelter for doves or pigeons, often containing nesting intercolumniation. boxes, either free-standing or built into other structures (barns, towers etc.). If a dedicated, free-standing structure, DORIC ENTABLATURE index with MONUMENT TYPE: DOVECOTE. BT : ENTABLATURE BT : DORIC ORDER DOVETAIL JOINT SN : An entablature with a plain architrave or principal beam BT : JOINT over which are the frieze and cornice. NT : LAP DOVETAIL JOINT SN : A joint in which the end is shaped like a dovetail. DORIC ORDER BT : ORDER Downpipe NT : DORIC BASE USE : RAINWATER PIPE NT : DORIC CAPITAL NT : DORIC COLUMN DOWNWARD BRACE NT : DORIC ENTABLATURE BT : BRACE NT : METOPE SN : A brace running from a vertical to a lower horizontal NT : TRIGLYPH timber. SN : A classical order with metopes and triglyphs in the frieze. Greek Doric has no base and a fluted column but Roman DRAGON BEAM Doric does have a base and may or may not have a fluted column. BT : BEAM SN : A horizontal member cutting through the corner formed DORMER by two walls to act as a support to a hip rafter to support jetties on two adjacent sides of an upper floor. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A chamber usually used for sleeping. DRAGON TIE DORMER WINDOW BT : BRACE SN : A horizontal brace linking tiebeam and wall plate, or BT : WINDOW adjacent wall plates at the corner of a hipped roof. SN : A projecting vertical window in the sloping roof of a house. DRAW BAR DORMITORY BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : DOOR UF : Dorter SN : A wooden bar sliding from a long channel at one side BT : RETIREMENT ROOM of a doorway into a socket in the other jamb so as to bar the NT : WARD door. SN : A sleeping apartment usually containing a number of beds and sometimes partitioned into cubicles.A room for DRAWING ROOM sleeping in, usually for a number of beds. UF : Withdrawing Chamber Dorter UF : Withdrawing Room BT : MEETING ROOM USE : DORMITORY SN : A room to withdraw to from the dining room.

DOUBLE ARCH BRACED TRUSS DRAW LOOM BT : TRUSS BT : LOOM SN : A hand-operated loom on which figured cloth could be woven, also known as a drawing engine. EARTH CLOSET BT : BUILDING COMPONENT Dresser SN : A wooden commode containing earth, which was used USE : SIFTER to cover and absorb human waste. An alternative, and rival, to the water closet. DRESSING ROOM BT : ROOM EASTER SEPULCHRE RT : CHANGING ROOM BT : BUILDING COMPONENT SN : A room, particularly in a house or theatre, intended RT : TOMB for dressing or changing one's clothes and furnished with SN : A recess, usually situated in the north wall of a wardrobes, dressing tables and other facilities for the chancel, often canopied, containing a decorated tomb chest application of make-up, styling of hair etc. representing the burial and resurrection of Christ.

Drip Mould EAVE USE : DRIPSTONE BT : ROOF NT : EAVES BOARD DRIPSTONE SN : The edge of a roof that hangs over the wall. UF : Drip Mould UF : Hood Mould EAVES BOARD BT : MOULDING BT : EAVE NT : LABEL SN : A board on the lower edge of a sloping roof which NT : SHELL HOOD protects the top of the external wall. RT : LABEL STOP SN : A moulding that projects from a wall above an exterior EAVES DRIP GULLY opening and is shaped to channel rainwater away from it. BT : IMPLIED FEATURE SN : A feature formed by water falling from the roof of a DRIVE building and creating a linear or curving indentation in the UF : Drive Mechanism ground. BT : MACHINERY SN : The primary mechanism within an engine or device that ECHINUS MOULDING transmits motion, especially rotary motion, to wheels, cogs, BT : MOULDING turntables etc. SN : An ovolo moulding below the abacus of a Doric or Ionic Capital. Drive Mechanism USE : DRIVE EDGE ROLL MOULDING BT : MOULDING DROP ARCH SN : A rounded or convex moulding, such as an ovolo or BT : POINTED ARCH torus. SN : A pointed, two centred, arch whose span is greater than its height. Egg And Anchor USE : EGG AND DART DROPPED TIEBEAM BT : TIEBEAM EGG AND DART SN : A transverse ceiling beam set below wall-plate level in UF : Egg And Anchor order to increase head room within the roof space; it carries UF : Egg And Leaf knee principals, or the struts or braces of an interrupted UF : Egg And Tongue tiebeam truss. BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : Decorative ornamentation consisting of alternating oval DRUM and V-shaped motifs, used to enrich ovolo mouldings. BT : COLUMN SN : A polygonal or circular stone forming part of the shaft of Egg And Leaf a column. USE : EGG AND DART

DUNGEON Egg And Tongue BT : ROOM USE : EGG AND DART NT : OUBLIETTE SN : A chamber for the incarceration of one or more Elevator prisoners. USE : LIFT

DUPLEX PUMP ELLIPTICAL ARCH BT : PUMP BT : ARCH SN : A type of direct-acting, twin cylinder steam driven water SN : An arch which is half an ellipse. pump. EMBATTLED MOULDING DWARF TRANSEPT BT : MOULDING BT : TRANSEPT SN : A decorative moulding featuring a geometric pattern SN : A transept in which the two wings that extend beyond suggesting the crenelles and merlons of a battlement. the walls of the nave are lower than the nave and the crossing of the church. NT : CROSS ENTRY Embattlement NT : DOORWAY USE : BATTLEMENT NT : ENTRANCE HALL NT : GATEWAY Embrasure SN : A place of entry into a site, monument or building. USE : CRENELLATION ENTRANCE BLOCK END CRUCK BT : BUILDING COMPONENT BT : CRUCK SN : A building forming part of a complex or larger SN : A cruck blade, sometimes jointed, set in the centre of a establishment, such as a workhouse, that serves as an gable wall, usually of a cruck-framed building. entrance equipped with facilities associated with procedures undergone by new arrivals. END HALL PLAN ENTRANCE HALL BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN SN : A medieval plan with the hall situated at one end of the BT : ENTRANCE main range. BT : HALL (COMMUNAL) SN : The passage, area, lobby, room or vestibule into which a END LOBBY ENTRY PLAN building's main entrance opens. BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN Epistyle SN : A plan featuring a lobby entry, situated at one end of a side wall, which provides access to one room only. USE : ARCHITRAVE

Engaged Baluster EQUILATERAL ARCH USE : SPLIT BALUSTER BT : ARCH SN : An arch whose height is equal to its span. ENGAGED COLUMN ESCALATOR UF : Attached Column BT : COLUMN BT : MACHINERY RT : APPLIED COLUMN BT : STAIRCASE SN : A column that is attached to or partly sunk into a wall or SN : Staircase whose moving steps are driven mechanically pier. whilst remaining permanently in a horizontal plane allowing users or objects to be moved effortlessly from one level to ENGINE another, within or outside a building. BT : MACHINERY ESCUTCHEON NT : BARRING ENGINE NT : BLOWING ENGINE BT : ACHIEVEMENT OF ARMS NT : FIXED ENGINE SN : A decorative feature of a shield for armorial bearings. NT : GRASSHOPPER ENGINE NT : HOT AIR ENGINE E SHAPE PLAN NT : HYDRAULIC ENGINE BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN NT : INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SN : A plan type of a hall with two wings and a central porch. NT : SCOTCH CRANK ENGINE NT : STEAM ENGINE Ewery SN : A piece of machinery used to convert energy of one sort USE : SCULLERY (for instance steam) into motive energy. EXAMINATION HALL ENTABLATURE BT : COLLEGE HALL BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A large room within a school or college used and NT : ARCHITRAVE appropriately furnished for the sitting of examinations by NT : COMPOSITE ENTABLATURE students.. NT : CORINTHIAN ENTABLATURE NT : CORNICE EXEDRA NT : DORIC ENTABLATURE BT : NICHE NT : FRIEZE RT : APSE NT : IONIC ENTABLATURE SN : A semicircular niche or recess in a wall. NT : TUSCAN ENTABLATURE SN : In the Classical Orders, the horizontal assembly of EXERCISE YARD architrave, frieze and cornice carried upon columns and UF : Airing Yard pilasters. BT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : A yard intended for the purpose of taking exercise, for ENTERCLOSE example within the grounds of a prison. BT : PASSAGE SN : A passage between two rooms in a house or leading EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE from the door to the hall. BT : AREAS AND SPACES NT : AMBITUS ENTRANCE NT : AMBULATORY (EXTERNAL) BT : AREAS AND SPACES NT : ANTEPORTICO NT : ADIT NT : ATRIUM (ECCLESIASTICAL) NT : CARRIAGE ENTRANCE NT : BAILEY NT : CREEP NT : BOATING POOL NT : COURTYARD BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : COVERED WAY RT : FANTAIL NT : EXERCISE YARD SN : A wheeled device supporting a windmill's fantail that NT : PADDLING POOL moves around a trackway thus turning the windmill into the NT : PARADISE wind. NT : PARVIS NT : PERGOLA FANLIGHT SN : A space or area that is outside a building. BT : WINDOW RT : DOOR EXTERNAL STAIRCASE SN : A semi-circular window, often decorated and with its BT : STAIRCASE glazing bars radiating like the ribs of an opened fan, set SN : A flight of stairs, situated on a building's exterior, above a door. extending to an upper storey. FANTAIL EXTRACTION ENGINE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE RT : FAN CARRIAGE SN : A compound steam engine with provision for bleeding SN : A bladed wheel attached to the rear, and at right angles off some steam after it has passed through the high pressure to the main sails, of a windmill. Connected to winding gear, cylinder and before it enters the low pressure cylinder. the fantail would catch the wind when it changed direction, allowing the mill to move automatically into the wind. EXTRADOS BT : ARCH FAN VAULT RT : INTRADOS BT : RIBBED VAULT SN : The outer curve of an arch or vault. SN : A vault composed of concave cones, inverted and overlaid with ribs that rise from the springing of the vault and FACADE diverge equally in different directions, producing an effect like BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT the ribs of an opened fan. NT : ASTYLAR SN : The external face or elevation of a building, especially FASCIA the principal front. BT : ARCHITRAVE SN : One of two or three bands on a classical architrave, FACE HALVED JOINT each projecting slightly beyiond the one below, often BT : JOINT separated by enriched mouldings. Also a vertical band or SN : A joint in which the side, or face, of a timber has been board, such as that over a shop front on which its name is squarely cut away to fit into a corresponding cut-away in the painted. side of another member. FASTENING FAIRBAIRN JIB CRANE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : JIB CRANE NT : ARMILLA SN : A specialised form of crane, usually employed on a NT : BRACE dockside, featuring a curving, solid jib. NT : HINGE NT : JOINT FAIRBAIRNS LEVER NT : KEY BT : MACHINERY NT : PIVOT SN : A mechanical testing machine used to carry out SN : An item used to fasten, bind or join one item to another. pioneering tests on various materials, particularly cast-iron beams, to determine practical data on their strength and other FEATURE properties. BT : UNASSIGNED SN : An archaeological component which cuts, overlies FALSE ARCH or abuts other features such as ditches, pits and building BT : ARCH foundations. SN : An arch built by corbelling or cantilevering in from both sides with horizontal joints. FERETORY BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE FALSE GABLE SN : An area in a church, sometimes defined by screens, BT : GABLE containing a shrine. Also a shrine, usually portable, containing SN : A gable without a roof behind it. religious relics.

FALSE HAMMER BEAM FEVER WARD BT : BEAM BT : WARD SN : A transverse timber resembling a hammer beam but SN : An area of a building or complex, such as a workhouse, without a hammer post above, being braced to a principal or hospital or prison used to house infirm inmates suffering from collar instead. fever.

FALSE HAMMER BEAM TRUSS FILLET BT : TRUSS BT : MOULDING SN : A truss with a transverse timber like a hammer-beam, SN : A plain, narrow moulding or area, sometimes projecting, but braced to a principal or collar without a hammer-post. separating two decorated mouldings or features such as the vertical grooves on a fluted column. FAN CARRIAGE NT : MISERICORD FINIAL NT : ORGAN BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES NT : OVEN NT : BALL FINIAL NT : PEW SN : The shaped projection on the top of a newel post or at NT : PISCINA the apex of a gable. NT : PULPIT NT : RAILING FIREBACK NT : RELIGIOUS ELEMENTS UF : Chimney Back NT : RETABLE BT : FIREPLACE NT : SCONCE SN : The heat-resistant wall, or sometimes decorative cast NT : SEDILIA iron panel, at the back of a fireplace. NT : SHELF NT : SHRINE FIREPLACE NT : SIGN NT : STALL BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : STOUP NT : FIREBACK NT : SWIMMING POOL NT : INGLENOOK NT : TABERNACLE RT : MANTELPIECE NT : TRUNKING SN : The opening at the base of a chimney stack. NT : VAT NT : WALL SAFE FIRE WINDOW NT : WATER TANK BT : WINDOW NT : YORKSHIRE SQUARE SN : A small window placed to cast light upon a fireplace. SN : Accessories used in furnishing and embellishing a building or structure. FIRING STEP BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT FLAT ARCH NT : BANQUETTE BT : ARCH SN : A cutting, bank or block positioned against the wall of a SN : An arch which is formed by keystones but is flat like a trench, fort, parapet etc. to allow riflemen to shoot over the lintel crest of the wall or parapet from a standing position. FLAT ROOF FIRST AID ROOM BT : ROOF BT : ROOM SN : A roof with a slope of less than ten degrees to the SN : A room set aside for the initial treatment of injuries horizontal. sustained for example in public amenities such as lidos. FLECHE FITNESS SUITE BT : SPIRE BT : RECREATION ROOM SN : A spire, or spirelet surmounting a roof, especially over SN : A room or rooms containing fitness equipment such as the crossing of a French Gothic Cathedral. running machines and weights. FLEMISH GABLE FIXED ENGINE BT : GABLE BT : ENGINE SN : A gable with curved sides and an identifiable pediment. SN : A stationary winding steam engine positioned at the top of a railway incline for hauling up trains and locomotives. FLEUR DE LYS BT : FLORAL FEATURE FIXED QUAY CRANE SN : Decorative ornamentation of a formalized lily. BT : QUAY CRANE SN : A crane that is fixed to a quay and used for the loading FLEURON and unloading of cargo. BT : FLORAL FEATURE SN : Decorative ornamentation of a flower or leaf. FIXTURES AND FITTINGS NT : ALTAR FLITCHED BEAM NT : ALTAR RAIL BT : BEAM NT : AMBO SN : A composite beam of timber strengthened by an iron NT : BATH plate, or plates, used in the construction of 18th and 19th NT : BOOT SCRAPER century timber framed mills and warehouses. NT : CHANDELIER NT : CLIMBING WALL FLOATING CRANE NT : CONFESSIONAL NT : COUNTER BT : CRANE NT : CUPBOARD SN : A mobile crane which floats on water. NT : CYCLE RACK NT : DISPLAY CASE FLOOR NT : FONT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : FUSEBOX NT : MOSAIC NT : GRILLE SN : The lower, horizontal surface of a room on which people NT : LAMP walk. Can also mean a storey of a building. NT : LECTERN NT : MANTELPIECE FLORAL FEATURE BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES NT : ACANTHUS Forechoir NT : ANTHEMION USE : ANTECHOIR NT : ARABESQUE NT : BALL FLOWER Forechurch NT : BAY LEAF USE : ANTECHURCH NT : CAULICOLI NT : FLEUR DE LYS FORECOURT NT : FLEURON NT : PALMETTE BT : COURTYARD NT : ROSETTE SN : An enclosed area in front of a structure. NT : TUDOR FLOWER NT : TUDOR ROSE FOUNDATION SN : A decorative feature in the style of a flower or plant. Use BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT more specific term. SN : The lowest part, or base, of a structure, sometimes built into the ground, on which the weight of the whole rests. FLOUR MILL BT : MACHINERY FOUNDATION STONE NT : COMBINATION MILL BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : ROLLER MILL SN : A stone, usually inscribed, laid during a ceremony to NT : STONE MILL commemorate the founding of a new building SN : A machine, usually contained in a building called a flour mill which reduces grain into constituent parts or ‘streams’ FOUR CENTRED ARCH which include flour. For a Flour Mill buliding use FLOUR MILL BT : ARCH in Monument Type. SN : A pointed arch which, on a plan, is shown to be constructed around four arcs: two centred below and two FLUE centred upon the springing line, which is the level at which the BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT vertical sides of the arch begin to curve. SN : A duct or channel for hot air to travel through. FOURDRINIER MACHINE FLUSHWORK BT : MACHINERY BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : A machine for making paper in a continuous length. SN : The use of knapped flint applied to a wall to form a decorative pattern. FOURNEYRON WATER TURBINE BT : WATER TURBINE FLUTING SN : An outward radial flow reaction water turbine. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A concave groove or series of grooves. Foyer USE : LOBBY FLYING BUTTRESS BT : BUTTRESS FRANCIS WATER TURBINE RT : ARCH BUTTRESS BT : WATER TURBINE SN : A buttress set away from the structure it supports, joined SN : A mixed-flow reaction water turbine, developed in the to it by an arch. USA in 1840 by James Bichino Francis, in which water enters the runner radially and leaves axially. FLYING SHUTTLE BT : MACHINERY Frater SN : A device patented in 1733 for speeding up the weaving USE : REFECTORY of cloth. FRENCH WINDOW FONT BT : CASEMENT WINDOW BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN : A casement window, carried down to floor level, and NT : IMMERSION FONT opening like two-leafed glazed doors to a garden, veranda or SN : A receptacle to hold water used in baptism usually found terrace. in a baptistery or nave of a church. FRESCO FOOD PREPARATION ROOM BT : WALL PAINTING BT : ROOM SN : A two dimensional image using paint applied to NT : BAKERY plasterwork whilst the plaster is still damp. NT : BREAD ROOM NT : BUTTERY FRET BAND NT : CAMBA BT : BAND (MOULDING) NT : KITCHEN SN : Decorative ornamentation of a key pattern NT : LARDER NT : PANTRY FRIEZE SN : A room in which food is prepared. BT : ENTABLATURE NT : METOPE FOREBUILDING NT : PULVINATED FRIEZE BT : TOWER NT : TRIGLYPH SN : A subsidiary tower or projection attached to the front of a keep containing access to its first floor entrance. SN : The middle section, between the architrave and the SN : A lobby or chapel at the western entrance of a church. cornice, of an entablature. Sometimes a place of burial, an area reserved for women, or a place where monks could meet female relatives. FRIGIDARIUM UF : Cold Bath Gallery (Chapel) BT : ROOM USE : GALLERY (ECCLESIASTICAL) RT : CALDARIUM RT : TEPIDARIUM Gallery (Church) RT : PALAESTRA USE : GALLERY (ECCLESIASTICAL) SN : The cold room in a Roman baths. GALLERY (ECCLESIASTICAL) Full Cruck UF : Gallery (Church) USE : CRUCK UF : Gallery (Chapel) BT : BUILDING COMPONENT FUMIGATORY NT : MUSICIANS GALLERY BT : ROOM NT : ORGAN LOFT SN : A room within a building or complex, such as a SN : An upper story in a chapel, church or cathedral, situated workhouse, used for purifying objects with smoke. above the aisle and below the clerestory, often arcaded and sometime called a Tribune. FUNCTION ROOM BT : ROOM GALLERY (SECULAR) SN : A room set aside within a building where social and BT : ROOM other functions such as parties, presentations and meetings NT : LONG GALLERY can be held. NT : MUSICIANS GALLERY NT : PICTURE GALLERY FUSEBOX SN : A long room for recreation, often on an upper floor. UF : Fuse Box BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS Gambrel Roof SN : A box or cupboard enclosing the fuses for the electrical USE : MANSARD ROOF circuits within a building. GAME LARDER Fuse Box UF : Venison Larder USE : FUSEBOX BT : LARDER SN : A store for undressed meat, usually for keeping grouse, GABLE partridge, pheasant or rabbit in a cool environment. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : AILERON GAMESROOM NT : CROSS GABLE UF : Shovelboard Parlour NT : CROWSTEPPED GABLE BT : RECREATION ROOM NT : FALSE GABLE NT : BILLIARD ROOM NT : FLEMISH GABLE SN : A room in which board and table games are usually NT : GABLET played. RT : APEX STONE SN : The part of the wall that supports a pitched roof at the GARDEROBE (TOILET) end of the roof. BT : BUILDING COMPONENT SN : A latrine built into, or projecting beyond, the wall of a GABLED ROOF medieval castle featuring a stone or wooden seat situated BT : ROOF above a pit or the castle moat. SN : The commonest type of roof with sloping sides meeting at a ridge and with a gable at each end. Garderobe (Wardrobe) USE : WARDROBE GABLE ENTRY PLAN BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN GARGOYLE SN : A plan of a building where the entrance is in the gable BT : HUMAN FIGURE wall. BT : ANIMAL FIGURE SN : A projecting spout to throw water from a gutter away GABLET from the wall, frequently decorated with grotesque figures to BT : GABLE spew out evil away from the House of God. SN : A small gable above a hipped roof. Also used ornamentally, such as on a buttress or over a niche. GARRET BT : ATTIC GADROON SN : An apartment contained, wholly or partially, within the BT : MOULDING roof space of a house. SN : A convex, finger-like moulding, usually applied in a series to form a pattern of ridges. GAS ENGINE BT : INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE GALILEE SN : An internal combustion heat engine which uses gas as BT : CHAPEL its fuel, and acts as a prime mover or power source for driving RT : NARTHEX (MEDIEVAL) other machinery. GAS TURBINE GRATING BT : TURBINE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : COMBINED DIESEL AND GAS TURBINE SN : A framework of crossed or parallel wooden or metal NT : COMBINED STEAM AND GAS TURBINE bars placed over an opening to prevent access but allow the SN : A heat engine prime mover in which hot gases or hot air passage of air, light, water etc. expand as they pass through and rotate vanes attached to a central shaft, enclosed in a chamber. GREAT CHAMBER BT : ROOM GATE SN : An apartment for the use of people of high status, often BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT the owner of the building. Also a room adjoining, or close NT : PORTCULLIS to, a hall and used as a drawing room or venue for private RT : GATEWAY functions. SN : A movable barrier, usually external, within an opening in a wall, fence, hedge or similar. GREAT HALL UF : Long Room GATE PIER BT : HALL (COMMUNAL) BT : PIER SN : A large communal room often occupying the full SN : A pier which supports a gate. height of the building, used for functions such as meetings, entertainments etc. Traditionally found in medieval buildings GATEWAY but also found in later buildings emulating medieval BT : ENTRANCE architecture. RT : GATE SN : A form of entrance closed by a gate. GRILLE BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS Giant Order BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT USE : COLOSSAL ORDER SN : An open grating of wrought iron, bronze, wood etc., forming a screen to a door, window or other opening, or used GIBBS SURROUND as a divider. BT : ARCHITRAVE SN : An architrave surrounding a door, window or niche GRINDING ROOM interrupted by large blocks of stone, and often by a massive BT : ROOM keystone set under a pediment. Named after the architect SN : A room where usually materials or consumables are James Gibbs (1682-1754). processed into tools or meal, for example in a workshop or mill. Gigantic Order USE : TUSCAN ORDER GROIN BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT GIRDING BEAM SN : The ridge formed at the intersection of two vaulted BT : BEAM surfaces. SN : A beam that is part of a frame in a wall. GROTESQUE GLAZING BAR BT : HUMAN FIGURE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : ANIMAL FIGURE RT : LIGHT SN : A classical ornamentation featuring foliage, fruits and, RT : WINDOW unlike Arabesque, human and animal figures, sometimes SN : A moulded bar or baton dividing the panes of glass fantastic or mythological in nature. The term may have within a window light. originated from the fact that many examples of such ornamentation were found in grottoes. Glory GUARD CHAMBER USE : AUREOLE BT : ROOM GOVERNOR SN : A room frequently in a military building where sentries guard and protect the premises. BT : MACHINERY SN : A device which automatically controls a particular funtion Gudgeon within a machine or mechanism, such as regulating the gap between millstones in a windmill. USE : JOURNAL

GRAFFITO GUILLOCHE BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES BT : BAND (MOULDING) SN : An inscription on illustration applied to a wall by carving SN : A decorative ornamentation of interlaced bands in the into its plaster to reveal a different colour beneath. form of a plait.

GRASSHOPPER ENGINE GULLY UF : Half Beam Engine BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : ENGINE SN : A usually shallow cut linear feature often used for SN : Also known as a half-beam engine, named for the drainage. characteristic nodding action of the overhead beam which is supposed to resemble the action of the rear legs of the Gun Loop grasshopper. USE : GUN PORT GUN PORT HALVED JOINT UF : Gun Loop BT : JOINT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A joint in which both timbers are reduced in thickness. SN : A strategically placed aperture in the wall of a fortification through which guns and cannon can fire upon an HALVED LAP JOINT invading force. BT : JOINT SN : A joint in which one timber is reduced in thickness. GUN ROOM BT : STOREROOM HAMMER BEAM SN : A room for storing guns. BT : BEAM SN : A short beam that projects into a roof space from the GUTTAE foot of a principal rafter to receive a hammer post and, often, BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES an arched brace. SN : Small 'drops' or conic projections under the mutules (a repeating block motif) and triglyphs (rectangular blocks HAMMERBEAM ROOF embellished with vertical grooves) in a Doric entablature. BT : ROOF SN : A roof consisting of trusses that have a pair of brackets GUTTER supporting the hammer posts that in turn support the rafters. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : ARRIS GUTTER HAMMER BEAM TRUSS NT : PARAPET GUTTER BT : TRUSS RT : RAINWATER PIPE SN : A truss with transverse timbers, like a tie-beam from RT : WATER SPOUT which the middle section has been removed, supported on SN : A trough or watercourse constructed to collect rainwater braces and carrying hammer-posts and braces that carry the from a roof and channel it towards a drain or pipe. open structure of the roof.

GYMNASIUM HAMMER POST BT : RECREATION ROOM BT : POST SN : A room equipped with apparatus to facilitate physical SN : A vertical timber resting on a hammer beam and forming exercise, gymnastics or indoor sports. a triangle between it and a principal.

Hagioscope Handrail USE : SQUINT USE : RAILING

HALF BAY HANGING BUTTRESS BT : BAY BT : BUTTRESS SN : A short bay, usually in a hall, commonly as a smoke bay SN : A type of slender support carried on a corbel. or for a cross-entry. HARNESS ROOM HALF BEAM BT : STOREROOM BT : BEAM RT : TACK ROOM SN : A beam which is half the width of a main beam, usually SN : A room where fittings such as saddles and harnesses for supporting joists. horses are usually kept.

Half Beam Engine HATCHMENT USE : GRASSHOPPER ENGINE BT : ACHIEVEMENT OF ARMS SN : A wooden panel, mounted on the wall of a church, HALF HIPPED ROOF bearing the Achievement of Arms of an individual whose BT : ROOF funeral has taken place there. SN : A roof whose ends are partly gabled and partly sloped. HAUNCH HALL (COMMUNAL) BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : ROOM SN : A part of an arch between the apex and the springer. NT : COLLEGE HALL NT : ENTRANCE HALL HAYLOFT NT : GREAT HALL UF : Balk NT : OPEN HALL BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : The principal room in early houses, which occupies the SN : A loft for the storage of hay. entire height of the building. HEAD RACE Hall (Lobby) BT : MACHINERY USE : LOBBY BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : TAIL RACE HALL AND CROSS WING PLAN SN : A channel, usually placed upstream of a mill, that carries BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN water from a river or other water source to a waterwheel. SN : A common plan form of large medieval and sub medieval houses, with a hall range flanked by two wings; also HEARTH found with only one wing. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : OPEN HEARTH RT : HEARTH PASSAGE PLAN SN : The area directly in front of a fireplace or the floor of a Hood Mould firecplace itself. USE : DRIPSTONE

HEARTH PASSAGE PLAN HOPPER BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : HEARTH SN : A funnel-like container from which grain or other material SN : A plan in which the chimney stack backs onto the cross is fed to a grinding mechanism below. passage between a building's two entrances. HORIZONTAL STEAM ENGINE HECK DOOR BT : STEAM ENGINE BT : DOOR SN : A steam engine in which the cylinder, crosshead and SN : A door divided horizontally into two parts, independently crankshaft lie in a horizontal line, as opposed to vertical hinged. designs.

HEILMANN COMBER HORSE ENGINE BT : COMBER BT : MACHINERY SN : A machine for combing the fibres of cotton, worsted, flax SN : A device or engine powered by one or more horses or etc to remove short fibres, clean out extraneous matter, and donkeys walking around a circular track and harnessed so lay the fibres more or less parallel to each other. as to turn a large toothed wheel, either in the same plane or above, which turned smaller wheels operating machinery. HELM ROOF UF : Rhenish Helm Horse Gin BT : ROOF USE : HORSE WHIM SN : A roof with four sloping sides, rising from four gables, joining at the apex like a pyramid. HORSESHOE ARCH BT : ARCH HERRINGBONE STUDDING SN : An arch, either pointed or round, which broadens above BT : STUD the springing line, creating a horseshoe shape. SN : Studding in which the studs are at an inclined angle to the posts. HORSE WHIM UF : Horse Gin HESLOP STEAM ENGINE BT : MACHINERY BT : ROTATIVE BEAM ENGINE SN : A timber, horse-powered device consisting of a large, SN : A rotative beam steam engine patented in 1790. rotating drum around which a rope would be wound, hoisting material from a quarry pit, mine shaft etc.. HEXAGONAL PLAN BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN HOSPITAL BLOCK SN : A building or structure with a six-sided plan. BT : BUILDING COMPONENT SN : An area of a building functioning as a hospital. HINDS HALL BT : DINING ROOM HOT AIR ENGINE SN : A dining hall for the use of seasonal labourers. BT : ENGINE SN : An engine which uses air or the products of combustion HINGE as its working medium. BT : FASTENING NT : ANCHOR AND COLLAR HINGE Hot Bath SN : A movable joint, usually consisting of two plates joined USE : CALDARIUM by a pin, that fastens a door, gate, window etc. to its frame and allows it to open and shut. H SHAPE PLAN BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN HIPPED ROOF SN : A building plan that features a hall lying between, and at BT : ROOF right-angles to, two projecting wings. SN : A ridged roof that slopes on all four sides. HUMAN FIGURE HIP RAFTER BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES BT : RAFTER NT : AMORINO SN : A rafter set at the corner of a hipped roof, to take the NT : ATLANTIS upper end of a common rafter. NT : CANEPHORA NT : CARYATID HOLDEN COMBER NT : GARGOYLE BT : COMBER NT : GROTESQUE SN : A wool combing machine for very fine wools. NT : SHEELA NA GIG SN : A sculptural or decorative representation of a human Hollow Quoin figure. Includes mythical and fantastical figures such as USE : CLAPPING QUOIN Cupid, Atlas etc.

HOLLOW SPANDREL HURST BT : SPANDREL UF : Hursting Frame SN : A spandrel that is sunk below the surface of the arch. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : The large wooden framework that supports the grinding wheels in a corn mill. IMPERIAL STAIRCASE BT : STAIRCASE Hursting Frame SN : A grand staircase where the lower flight splits into two USE : HURST upper flights.

HYDRAULIC BOX CRANE IMPLIED FEATURE BT : HYDRAULIC CRANE NT : ARCHAEOLOGICAL FEATURE SN : A box crane which uses hydraulic power NT : BEAM SLOT NT : EAVES DRIP GULLY HYDRAULIC CRANE NT : POST HOLE BT : CRANE NT : PUTLOG HOLE NT : HYDRAULIC BOX CRANE SN : Terms covering features of a monument or building NT : HYDRAULIC PILLAR CRANE which imply the previous presence of a component or SN : A crane using hydraulic power. structure. Use for negative evidence of a component or structure. HYDRAULIC ENGINE BT : ENGINE IMPOST NT : DISK ENGINE BT : ARCH SN : An engine, introduced in Germany 1748 for use in NT : IMPOST MOULDING mines, worked by high pressure water. SN : The band or block from which the springing of an arch occurs. HYDRAULIC JIGGER BT : MACHINERY IMPOST MOULDING SN : A hydraulic machine used to magnify the stroke of a BT : MOULDING hydraulic piston. The pulleys and chains of a crane or other BT : IMPOST device are attached to the jigger. SN : A decorative style on a block or band from which an arch springs. HYDRAULIC PILLAR CRANE BT : HYDRAULIC CRANE INCINERATOR SN : A hydraulic machine used to drive a pillar crane. BT : MACHINERY SN : A machine used to burn and desiccate rubbish. HYDRAULIC PRESS BT : MACHINERY INCLINED PLANE SN : A machine that uses liquid pressure to exert a large BT : MACHINERY force on two platens so that items placed between them are NT : CANAL INCLINED PLANE pressed to a shape, compressed, or forced together. NT : RAILWAY INCLINED PLANE SN : A slope, usually with rails, along which a vehicle can be HYDRAULIC RAM moved between two relatively flat stretches of railway, or by BT : MACHINERY which a boat can be transferred from one level of waterway to SN : A device in which a large quantity of low pressure water another. is made to pump a small proportion of itself to a greater height than its source or to a higher pressure; achieved by INDOOR SWIMMING POOL using the pressure rise resulting from suddenly interrupting BT : SWIMMING POOL the flow SN : An enclosed feature, usually sub-terranean, constructed to contain water for public or private recreation and sporting HYDRAULIC TIPPLER activities. Often a component of a larger SPORTS CENTRE. BT : COAL TIPPLER Use OUTDOOR SWIMMING POOL for unenclosed pools. SN : An hydraulically powered machine that tips coal into railway wagons, usually situated at a pithead. INFIRMARY UF : Apothecarerium HYPOCAUST BT : ROOM BT : BUILDING COMPONENT SN : A room or group of rooms for healing the sick. Where it SN : An underfloor heating system. is a monument use the Thesaurus of Monument Types.

HYPOCYCLOID STEAM ENGINE INGLENOOK BT : VERTICAL STEAM ENGINE BT : FIREPLACE SN : A design of vertical steam engine patented in 1802. SN : An area within a large fireplace where it is possible to sit.

ICONOSTASIS INNER BAILEY BT : SCREEN BT : BAILEY SN : In Orthodox churches, the screen that divides off the SN : An inner defensive area within a castle. sanctuary, usually decorated with sacred images (icons). (Source: Pevsner Glossary) Inscribed Panel USE : DECORATED PANEL IMMERSION FONT BT : FONT Insulated Column SN : A structure, usually sunk into the ground, for the purpose USE : DETACHED COLUMN of allowing total bodily immersion as part of a baptismal ceremony. INTERLACING ARCADE BT : ARCADE RT : EXTRADOS SN : Romanesque overlapping arcades, producing a series of SN : The lower, or inner, curve of an arch pointed arches. INVERTED VERTICAL STEAM ENGINE Intermediate Truss BT : STEAM ENGINE USE : SECONDARY TRUSS SN : A type of steam engine in which the steam cylinders are placed above the crankshaft supported on a robust frame. INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT : AREAS AND SPACES IONIC BASE NT : AGIASTERIUM BT : BASE NT : AMBITUS BT : IONIC ORDER NT : ANTECHAPEL SN : A base embellished with horizontal reeds and other NT : ANTECHOIR mouldings. NT : APOTHESIS NT : ARENA IONIC CAPITAL NT : ATRIUM (SECULAR) UF : Beaked Ionic Capital NT : AUCTION ROOM BT : CAPITAL NT : BAPTISTERY BT : IONIC ORDER NT : CHANCEL NT : ANGLE CAPITAL NT : CHEVET NT : ANGULAR CAPITAL NT : CHOIR SN : A Capital with a rolled up cushion-like form on either side NT : CLOSET creating distinctive volutes. NT : CONFESSIONAL NT : CORRIDOR IONIC COLUMN NT : CROSSING BT : COLUMN NT : FERETORY BT : IONIC ORDER NT : HAYLOFT SN : A column of the Ionic Order, set upon a base and NT : LOGGIA characterized by its slender form. NT : NAVE NT : OFFERTORIUM IONIC ENTABLATURE NT : ORATORY NT : ORCHESTRA PIT BT : ENTABLATURE NT : PASSAGE BT : IONIC ORDER NT : PENTHOUSE (APARTMENT) SN : An entablature consiting of an architrave, usually a frieze NT : PRESBYTERY and cornice. NT : RETROCHOIR NT : RINGING CHAMBER IONIC ORDER NT : ROOM BT : ORDER NT : SANCTUARY NT : ASIATIC BASE NT : SMOKE BAY NT : ATTIC BASE NT : SPA POOL NT : IONIC BASE NT : STOREY NT : IONIC CAPITAL NT : SUPERVISORY HUB NT : IONIC COLUMN NT : TRADING FLOOR NT : IONIC ENTABLATURE NT : TRANSEPT SN : A classical order with an Attic base and fluted column. NT : UNDERCROFT The cornice has dentils and the capital volutes. NT : WALKING SPACE NT : WARMING ROOM IRON ORE CALCINER SN : An area or space within a building. BT : MACHINERY SN : A kiln in which Iron ores were heated before smelting in INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE order to drive off the impurities such as sulphur. BT : ENGINE NT : DIESEL ENGINE ISOLATION WARD NT : GAS ENGINE BT : WARD NT : OIL ENGINE SN : An area of a building or complex, such as a workhouse NT : PETROL ENGINE or hospital, for isolating new residents before admission into SN : An engine or prime mover, in which a mixture of air main building, used to prevent spread of disease and fuel is ignited inside a closed cylinder, and the resulting explosion drives a piston to the opposite end of the cylinder, JACK FRAME its movement turning a crankshaft via suitable mechanical BT : MACHINERY parts. SN : A machine for the final reduction in cross sectional area of a cotton sliver into a fine roving preparatory to spinning INTERRUPTED TIEBEAM high counts of yarn. BT : TIEBEAM SN : A tiebeam whose central section is omitted to increase JACK RAFTER head room; its inner ends are held by a slip-braces or struts BT : RAFTER rising from a dropped tiebeam and can be used in end SN : A shortened common rafter that runs between ridge and frames. a valley rafter, or between eaves and a hip rafter.

INTRADOS JACQUARD LOOM BT : ARCH BT : LOOM SN : A loom developed by Joseph Jacquard in 1801 which NT : LAP JOINT used a series of punched cards to control the movement of NT : MASONS MITRE the warp threads thereby allowing complex patterns to be NT : MORTICE AND TENON JOINT created without the intervention of the weaver NT : NOTCHED LAP JOINT NT : SADDLE JOINT JAMB NT : SCARF JOINT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : SCRIBED JOINT RT : DOOR POST NT : SCRIBED MITRE SN : The vertical lining of a doorway, window or other NT : SECRET BRIDLE JOINT opening. NT : SLIP TENON JOINT NT : SPLAYED AND TABLED SCARF JOINT JENNY NT : SPLAYED SCARF JOINT BT : SPINNING MACHINE NT : STOP SPLAYED SCARF JOINT SN : An 18th century hand-operated machine capable of NT : THROUGH TENON JOINT spinning several yarns at once, invented in circa 1767. NT : TRUE MITRE SN : A junction whereby two members or elements of an JETTY artificial structure or mechanism are joined or fitted together, whether rigidly or hinged. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : JETTY BRACKET JOINTED CRUCK NT : JETTY BRESSUMER NT : JETTY PLATE BT : CRUCK SN : A projecting part of a building that overhangs the wall SN : A cruck truss whose blades are composed of two pieces below it. of timber joined near the wall head in a variety of ways.

JETTY BRACKET JOIST BT : JETTY BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : The bracket under a jetty bressumer. NT : COGGED JOIST NT : CROSS JOISTING JETTY BRESSUMER NT : LODGED JOIST SN : Horizontal timbers laid parallel to each other on which BT : JETTY flooring is laid and to which a ceiling is fixed. SN : The sill beam of the jettied upper floor resting on projecting ends of joists or on jetty brackets. JOIST JOINT JETTY PLATE BT : JOINT SN : A joint used to secure the end of a joist BT : JETTY SN : The wall plate of the lower storey on which the joists of a JONVAL WATER TURBINE jetty rest. BT : WATER TURBINE JIB CRANE SN : A parallel or axial-flow reaction water turbine invented in France in 1843, in which water descends through fixed BT : CRANE curved guide vanes which direct the flow sideways onto NT : FAIRBAIRN JIB CRANE curved vanes on the runner. SN : A crane consisting of a vertical tower or similar structure from which projects a movable boom, or jib, fitted with a JOURNAL mechanical hoist. UF : Gudgeon JIB DOOR BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : The area at the end of an axle or shaft around which a BT : DOOR wheel, bearing etc. pivots or rotates. SN : An internal door flush with, and decorated to match, the wall it is set in for the purpose of concealment. JOWL Jigger BT : JOINT SN : The end of a timber post made wider than the rest of its USE : WALL CRANE length on one face to accomodate tiebeams, wall-plates etc..

JOCKEY PULLEY JUSTICE ROOM BT : MACHINERY BT : MEETING ROOM SN : A pulley running on the outside of a belt to improve the SN : A room in the house of a Justice of the Peace in which effectiveness of a drive. cases were heard. Houses after 1848 contained these for prestige purposes since the practice of hearing cases at JOINT home was made illegal at that date. BT : FASTENING NT : BARE FACED DOVETAIL JOINT KEEL MOULDING NT : BARE FACED TENON JOINT BT : MOULDING NT : BIRDMOUTHED JOINT SN : A curved moulding with a sharp edge running along its NT : BRIDLED JOINT centre. So named as its profile resembles the keel of a ship. NT : DOVETAIL JOINT NT : FACE HALVED JOINT KEEPING ROOM NT : HALVED JOINT NT : HALVED LAP JOINT BT : ROOM NT : JOIST JOINT SN : A room that serves as a combined living-room, kitchen NT : JOWL and workshop. KERB KNEELER BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A stone edging on a footway dividing it from a SN : A large approximately triangular stone at the foot of a carriageway. gable, cut to have a horizontal bed and a top conforming, wholly or in part, to the slope of the gable. KERB PRINCIPAL BT : PRINCIPAL RAFTER KNEE PRINCIPAL RT : KERB PRINCIPAL TRUSS BT : PRINCIPAL SN : A short principal rafter that that rises from a tiebeam to a SN : A principal that has a short, angled section, resembling a collar. knee-joint, at one end.

KERB PRINCIPAL TRUSS KNIGHTS CHAMBER BT : TRUSS BT : ROOM RT : KERB PRINCIPAL SN : A communal sleeping room in medieval houses for male SN : A truss with two curved kerb-principals, which are the servants. short principal rafters rising froma tiebeam to a collar, placed either side of a crown strut. KNOTWORK BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES KEY SN : Decorative ornamentation in the form of interlacing BT : FASTENING ribbons or cords, usually in an intricate pattern. SN : A piece of wood of square or rectangular section driven through a scarf joint to tighten it LABEL BT : DRIPSTONE KEY PATTERN RT : LABEL STOP BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : A rectangular dripstone. SN : Classical decorative motif of interlocking right-angled and vertical lines, usually applied as a continuous pattern. LABEL STOP BT : MOULDING KEYSTONE RT : STRING COURSE BT : ARCH BRICK RT : DRIPSTONE NT : AGRAFE RT : LABEL SN : The wedge-shaped block placed at the crown of an SN : A termination, either in the form of a decorative feature arch to consolidate the structure. Sometimes employed as a or a right-angle applied to the end of the moulding, of a label, decorative feature. dripstone or string course.

KING MULLION LABORATORY BT : MULLION BT : ROOM SN : A mullion which divides a window with four or more lights SN : A room, within a building or institution, equipped for and is larger than the mullions either side of it, often sharing conducting scientific experiments or research. the dimensions of the frame?s members. LACED WINDOW KING PENDANT BT : WINDOW BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : One of a set of windows placed vertically and linked SN : A vertical timber in a truss, descending from the ridge, either decoratively or by aprons extending to the lintel below. and projecting below the lower transverse timber, normally used with scissor beams. LADY CHAPEL BT : CHAPEL King Pin SN : A chapel dedicated to the Virgin, usually east of the USE : WATERWHEEL SHAFT chancel.

KING POST LAMP BT : POST BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN : An upright post set on a tiebeam or collar and used to SN : A light, usually encased and mounted upon brackets, support a ridge piece. often used outdoors. It may be powered by gas, electricity or house a candle. KING STRUT BT : STRUT LANCASHIRE LOOM SN : A vertical timber set on a collar or tie-beam extending to BT : LOOM the apex of a pitched roof. SN : A semi-automatic loom developed in Lancashire. Although it is self-acting, it has to be stopped to recharge KITCHEN empty shuttles. BT : FOOD PREPARATION ROOM RT : SCULLERY LANCET ARCH SN : A room in which food is prepared. BT : POINTED ARCH NT : COMPOSITE ARCH KNEE BRACE SN : A pointed, two-centred, arch whose height is much BT : BRACE greater than its span. SN : A very short brace between post and tiebeam, or post and wall plate. LANCET WINDOW BT : WINDOW SN : A tall, narrow window with a pointed arched head. LECTERN BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS LANDING SN : A stand, either fixed or free-standing, usually with a BT : BUILDING COMPONENT sloping surface from which a bible, book or notes can be RT : STAIRCASE read, found in a church or lecture theatre. SN : The area or platform at the top of a staircase. LECTURE THEATRE LANTERN BT : AUDITORIUM BT : BUILDING COMPONENT SN : A large room with fixed seating, often including audio- RT : CROSSING TOWER visual facilites, in which lectures are given. SN : A small structure, often polygonal or circular, on top of a roof, dome, tower etc. featuring apertures to light or ventilate LESENE the building it adorns. BT : PILASTER SN : A pilaster without base or capital. LAP DOVETAIL JOINT BT : DOVETAIL JOINT Lewcome SN : A joint in which the dovetailed member is proud of the USE : LUCAM receiving member and is not finished flush with it. LIBRARY LAP JOINT BT : ROOM BT : JOINT RT : READING ROOM SN : A joint in which one timber is applied to the surface of SN : A place set apart to contain books for reading, study or the other. reference.

LARDER LIERNE BT : FOOD PREPARATION ROOM BT : RIB NT : GAME LARDER RT : VAULT SN : A room in which food, usually meat, is kept. SN : A tertiary vault rib, usually employed for decorative purposes, that links one intersection of the main ribs to LATERAL BUTTRESS another. BT : BUTTRESS SN : A buttress attached to a corner of a structure, seeming LIFT to be a continuation of one of the walls. UF : Elevator BT : MACHINERY LATH BT : BUILDING COMPONENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : An apparatus, featuring an ascending and descending SN : The smallest piece of timber (2-5cms) across used in platform or compartment, for carrying people or objects from building, employed on rafters to support the roof covering or one level or floor to another. This term can include the shaft in a partition as a base for plaster or external render and wall or well in which such an apparatus operates. covering. LIGHT LAUNDRY ROOM BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : ROOM RT : WINDOW RT : UTILITY ROOM RT : GLAZING BAR SN : A room for washing and cleaning linen. SN : A section of a window between mullions; thus for example a three-light window. LAVATORIUM BT : AREAS AND SPACES LIGHTNING CONDUCTOR SN : A communal wash area, sometimes a dedicated UF : Lightning Rod outbuilding, or facility, such as a basin or trough, used by BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT monks. SN : A metallic rod attached to a high point on a building and leading to the earth for the purpose of conducting lightning LAVATORY away from the main body of the building. BT : WASHING ROOM SN : A room with apparatus for washing the hands and face, Lightning Rod now often combined with a water closet. USE : LIGHTNING CONDUCTOR

LAYER LINTEL UF : Site Layer BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : UNASSIGNED NT : DOOR LINTEL SN : An archaeological unit of soil in a horizontal plane which NT : WINDOW LINTEL may seal features or be cut through by other features. SN : A horizontal member spanning an opening and providing support to the wall above the opening. LEARNER POOL BT : SWIMMING POOL LISTER COMBER SN : Swimming pool, usually part of a larger LIDO or BT : COMBER SPORTS CENTRE complex. Medium size pool, between SN : A machine for combing out wool, mohair and alpaca, large pool and paddling pool, used primarily for learners. removing short fibres and any extraneous matter, and laying the long fibres more or less parallel to each other. warp beam or warp roller, around which closely spaced warp LIVING ROOM threads have been wound parallel to each other, stretched UF : Lounge (Private) horizontally onto a front roller. BT : MEETING ROOM NT : MORNING ROOM LOOPHOLE NT : SITTING ROOM UF : Balistraria SN : A room for general daily use, usually in a family dwelling. UF : Aleois BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT LOBBY SN : An opening in a wall that is usually narrow on the outside UF : Vestibule but widens internally to allow a defender to stand and shoot UF : Foyer through the loophole. UF : Hall (Lobby) BT : ROOM LOUNGE (COMMUNAL) SN : A small room communicating with one or more BT : MEETING ROOM apartments. SN : A room where the public can sit, often in hotels and airports. LOBBY ENTRY PLAN BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN Lounge (Private) RT : BAFFLE ENTRY PLAN USE : LIVING ROOM SN : A plan in which the front entrance opens into a lobby opposite to an axial chimney stack. LOUVRE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT LOCHTORY NT : LOUVRED OPENING BT : PARLOUR SN : An opening in the ridge of a roof intended to provide SN : A parlour in a monastery. ventilation or an outlet for smoke; also the hood on such an opening that prevents rain entering. Locum USE : LUCAM LOUVRED OPENING BT : LOUVRE LODGED JOIST SN : An opening normally in a door or window filled with BT : JOIST diagonally set slats to provide ventilation. SN : A joist which rests on top of a beam. LOWSIDE WINDOW LOFT BT : WINDOW BT : ATTIC SN : A window that is lower than others in the chancel side SN : Space used for storage in the roof. wall.

LOGGIA LOZENGE BT : BUILDING COMPONENT BT : MOULDING BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : A decorative moulding in a diamond shape. SN : A roofed structure, open on one side, usually attached to a building, providing a seating area and its occupants with an L SHAPE PLAN uninterrupted exterior view. BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN SN : A house plan with a hall and a single wing. LONG AND SHORT WORK BT : QUOIN LUCAM SN : A Saxon quoin consisting of alternating horizontally and UF : Lucomb vertically laid stones. UF : Luccam UF : Lewcome LONG GALLERY UF : Locum BT : GALLERY (SECULAR) BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A long, high-ceilinged room, usually extending the SN : A projecting structure in the roof of a mill containing a full length of an Elizabethan or Jacobean house and often winch, allowing loads to be lifted clear of the building's wall occupying an upper floor, used as a promenade, place of and protecting the winch from the weather. entertainment etc.. LUCARNE Long Room BT : WINDOW USE : GREAT HALL SN : A window in a spire, often in the form of a dormer.

LOOM Luccam BT : MACHINERY USE : LUCAM NT : DRAW LOOM NT : JACQUARD LOOM Lucomb NT : LANCASHIRE LOOM USE : LUCAM NT : NORTHROP LOOM NT : OSSET LOOM LUMBER ROOM NT : POWER LOOM BT : STOREROOM NT : WIPER LOOM SN : A room in which disused items, such as furniture, are SN : A machine for weaving cloth. A traditional loom stored. comprises a framework with a horizontal back roller, the NT : SLOTTING MACHINE MACHICOLATION NT : SLUBBING FRAME BT : BATTLEMENT NT : SMUTTER SN : An opening through which missiles or combustible NT : SPEEDFRAME materials could be dropped upon attackers. Usually through NT : SPINNING MACHINE the roof of an entrance way or in a projecting parapet. NT : STAMPS NT : STEAM WHIM MACHINE NT : TAIL RACE BT : MACHINERY NT : THRESHING MACHINE SN : A single piece of apparatus that uses mechanical power NT : THROWING MACHINE for a particular function. NT : TILT HAMMER NT : TREADMILL MACHINERY NT : TURBINE NT : WATER BALANCE ENGINE NT : ANGLE BOB NT : WATER FILTRATION UNIT NT : BACKWASHING MACHINE NT : WATER PURIFICATION UNIT NT : BALANCE BOB NT : WATERWHEEL NT : BALL MILL NT : WEIGHING MACHINE NT : BALL WINDING MACHINE NT : WIND ENGINE NT : BOILER NT : WINDING ENGINE NT : BRINE TANK SN : Apparatus using mechanical power for a particular NT : CHEESE PRESS function. NT : CHUTE NT : CIDER PRESS MAN ENGINE NT : COAL TIPPLER NT : COMBER BT : MACHINERY NT : CONVEYOR BELT SN : A device for raising miners individually from a shaft NT : COOLING TOWER consisting of two rods, raised and lowered alternately, fitted NT : CRANE with small platforms and powered by a waterwheel or steam NT : CRUSHING CIRCLE engine. NT : DASHWHEEL NT : DRIVE MANHATTAN ENGINE NT : ENGINE BT : COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE NT : ESCALATOR SN : A twin cylinder compound steam engine introduced NT : FAIRBAIRNS LEVER in the 1870's which combined a horizontal and vertical NT : FLOUR MILL configuration in the same machine. NT : FLYING SHUTTLE NT : FOURDRINIER MACHINE MANSARD ROOF NT : GOVERNOR UF : Gambrel Roof NT : HEAD RACE BT : ROOF NT : HORSE ENGINE SN : A curb-roof with curved or steeply pitched lower slopes NT : HORSE WHIM and a hipped or pitched roof above. Named after the French NT : HYDRAULIC JIGGER Classical architect F. Mansart. NT : HYDRAULIC PRESS NT : HYDRAULIC RAM MANTELPIECE NT : INCINERATOR UF : Chimney Piece NT : INCLINED PLANE BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS NT : IRON ORE CALCINER RT : FIREPLACE NT : JACK FRAME SN : A decorative structure of wood stone or metal, NT : JOCKEY PULLEY incorporating a shelf, surrounding the opening of a fireplace. NT : LIFT NT : LOOM MASONS MARK NT : MACHINE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : MAN ENGINE SN : A device, monogram or symbol incised in stonework NT : MASTICATOR by a mason as a means of identifying his work. Particularly NT : MECHANICAL STOKER common in Romanesque and Gothic buildings. NT : MILLING MACHINE NT : ORGAN MASONS MITRE NT : OVEN NT : PLANING MACHINE BT : JOINT NT : PUMP SN : The non-diagonal joint at the right-angled meeting of two NT : RAILWAY LIFT stone mouldings. NT : RAILWAY SIGNAL NT : RAILWAY TURNTABLE MASTERS ROOM NT : RIVER INTAKE GAUGE BT : ROOM NT : SACK HOIST SN : Room in a building or complex in which the master NT : SATELLITE DISH of an establishment, such as a workhouse or a school, is NT : SCOOP WHEEL accommodated. NT : SCUTCHING MACHINE NT : SHAPING MACHINE MASTICATOR NT : SHOE BT : MACHINERY NT : SIFTER SN : A powerful machine comprising a pair of heated NT : SLASHER cylinders revolving inside a chamber, and used for converting raw rubber into a soft plastic mass by being 'chewed' between SN : A machine tool capable of creating a variety of forms knives or teeth projecting from the cylinders. and surfaces in materials by way of a spinning cutter positioned over a movable table. MEAL SPOUT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Mill Shaft SN : A funnel, connected to an opening in the floor of the tun USE : WATERWHEEL SHAFT encasing the grindstones in a corn mill, that carries ground meal away to a bin or sack. MILLSTONE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT MECHANICAL STOKER SN : A flat, circular stone, usually made of sandstone, used in BT : MACHINERY pairs for grinding corn and other meal. SN : Machines for automatically feeding fuel onto the fire of steam boilers and other furnace plant, introduced at the MINE HAULAGE STEAM ENGINE beginning of the 19th century. BT : STEAM ENGINE SN : A steam engine working an underground cable haulage MEDALLION system in a late 19th century coal mine. BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : An oval or circular decorative feature often bearing an Minstrels Gallery illustration or portrait in light relief. USE : MUSICIANS GALLERY

MEETING ROOM MISERICORD BT : ROOM BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS NT : ASSEMBLY ROOM SN : A projection from the bottom of a church stall designed NT : AUDIENCE CHAMBER to provide some support for a person standing in long NT : BOARDROOM services. NT : COMMITTEE ROOM NT : COMMON ROOM MODILLION NT : CONFERENCE ROOM BT : BRACKET NT : COUNCIL CHAMBER NT : ANGLE MODILLION NT : COURTROOM SN : A small moulded bracket found on the Corinthian and NT : DAY ROOM Composite orders, and in plain form in the Ionic. NT : DEBATING ROOM NT : DRAWING ROOM MORNING ROOM NT : JUSTICE ROOM NT : LIVING ROOM BT : LIVING ROOM NT : LOUNGE (COMMUNAL) SN : A sitting room or lounge in a house intended mainly for NT : PARLOUR use during the morning. SN : A room intended, and often furnished accordingly, as a venue for the holding of meetings. MORTICE AND TENON JOINT BT : JOINT MENS POOL SN : The most common form of joint between two timbers BT : SWIMMING POOL meeting at right angles or at an oblique angle, the mortice SN : A swimmin pool restricted to the use of men only. being a socket cut in one timber to receive the tenon projection of the other. MERLON MOSAIC BT : BATTLEMENT SN : The solid, upright part of a battlement separating the BT : FLOOR openings, or crenelles. SN : A surface made up of small pieces of hard material such as stone or tile, often in a decorative pattern. METOPE MOULDING BT : FRIEZE BT : DORIC ORDER BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : A thin, rectangular panel, sometimes enriched with NT : ANNULAR MOULDING sculptural relief, placed between the triglyphs in a Doric Order NT : ASTRAGAL frieze. NT : BAGNETTE NT : BAND (MOULDING) MEZZANINE NT : BEAD NT : BEAK HEAD MOULDING BT : STOREY NT : BED MOULDING SN : A storey of lesser height than those above and below it. NT : BILLET MOULDING NT : BOLECTION MOULDING MIHRAB NT : BRACKET MOULDING BT : NICHE NT : CABLE MOULDING SN : A semicircular niche in the wall of a mosque used to NT : CASEMENT indicate the Qiblah - the direction to be faced during prayers. NT : CATS HEAD MOULDING Qiblah is set as the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca. NT : CAVETTO NT : CHAIN MOULDING MILLING MACHINE NT : CHEVRON MOULDING BT : MACHINERY NT : COVE NT : CYMA RECTA NT : CYMA REVERSA NT : DADO RAIL NT : DOGTOOTH MOULDING MUSIC ROOM NT : DRIPSTONE BT : RECREATION ROOM NT : ECHINUS MOULDING SN : A room in which music is performed. NT : EDGE ROLL MOULDING NT : EMBATTLED MOULDING MUTULE NT : FILLET BT : CORNICE NT : GADROON SN : A small slab in a Doric cornice. NT : IMPOST MOULDING NT : KEEL MOULDING NAILHEAD MOULDING NT : LABEL STOP NT : LOZENGE BT : MOULDING NT : NAILHEAD MOULDING SN : A decorative feature in the form of small pyramids in a NT : NECK MOULDING continuous line. NT : NUTMEG MOULDING NT : OVOLO NARTHEX (CLASSICAL) NT : ROLL MOULDING BT : BUILDING COMPONENT NT : SCALLOPED MOULDING SN : A transverse vestibule at the west end of a church. NT : SCOTIA NT : SKIRTING BOARD NARTHEX (MEDIEVAL) NT : STRING COURSE BT : ANTECHURCH NT : TENIA RT : GALILEE NT : TORUS SN : An antechurch which is transverse to the axis of the RT : ARCHIVOLT church and is covered or enclosed. SN : An ornamental contour given to the angles or features of a building, whether a projection or a cavity, such as a cornice, NAVE an architrave or an astragal. BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : The central division of a church, extending from the west MOVING CRANE end to the chancel or transepts. BT : CRANE NT : MOVING QUAY CRANE NECK SN : A mobile crane. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A plain area situated between the top of the shaft and MOVING QUAY CRANE the capital of a Renaissance Tuscan or Doric Order column. BT : MOVING CRANE BT : QUAY CRANE Necking SN : A mobile crane usually found on a marine or inland USE : NECK MOULDING quay. NECK MOULDING MULE UF : Necking BT : SPINNING MACHINE BT : MOULDING SN : A machine for spinning cotton yarn. SN : A moulding on the neck of a column.

MULLION NEEDLE SPIRE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : SPIRE NT : DIAMOND MULLION SN : A steeply pitched spire whose base is significantly NT : KING MULLION narrower than the tower on which it sits. RT : MULLIONED WINDOW RT : MUNTIN NEST HOLE RT : TRANSOM BT : BUILDING COMPONENT SN : A vertical member dividing a window into two or more BT : AREAS AND SPACES lights. RT : DOVECOTE SN : Niche intended for pigeons or other birds to nest in, MULLIONED WINDOW allowing the squabs and eggs to be harvested. Found inside BT : WINDOW specially built dovecotes and in the walls of other buildings. NT : DIOCLETIAN WINDOW RT : MULLION NEWCOMEN ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE SN : A window divided into lights by mullions. BT : BEAM STEAM ENGINE SN : A single acting, non-rotative beam engine worked by MUNTIN atmospheric pressure. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : MULLION NEWEL POST SN : An upright framing member, or mullion, that separates BT : POST two panels, such as in a panelled door or a window. BT : STAIRCASE RT : NEWEL STAIRCASE MUSICIANS GALLERY SN : The post at the centre of a winding staircase from which UF : Minstrels Gallery the steps radiate; or the post, supporting the handrail and BT : GALLERY (SECULAR) string, at the angle of a square staircase. BT : GALLERY (ECCLESIASTICAL) SN : A loft, balcony or gallery, in a hall or church, for the use NEWEL STAIRCASE of musicians. BT : STAIRCASE RT : NEWEL POST SN : An automatic power loom invented by James H Northrop SN : A staircase where the vertical members are placed at in 1894. the ends of flights to support the strings, handrails, trimmers and bearers. NOTCHED LAP JOINT BT : JOINT NICHE NT : SECRET NOTCHED LAP JOINT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A lap joint which has a notch cut in one side. NT : ANGULAR NICHE NT : CARREL (NICHE) NOVICES ROOM NT : CREDENCE BT : ROOM NT : EXEDRA SN : A room in a monastery used by monks or nuns as a day NT : MIHRAB room. RT : AEDICULE (FRAME) RT : APRON NURSERY SN : A shallow, ornamental recess, often arched and BT : ROOM semicircular in plan, set in a wall or pier and usually SN : A room equipped for the care of babies and young containing a statue or ornament. children.

NIGHT STAIR NUTMEG MOULDING BT : STAIRCASE BT : MOULDING SN : A staircase, usually leading from a dormitory, used by SN : A decorative moulding featuring a series of small, monks to enter the transept of a monastic church. projecting, dome-like shapes each resembling a halved nutmeg. NOBLE COMBER BT : COMBER OCTAGONAL PLAN SN : A machine for combing out wool, cleaning out BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN extraneous matter and short fibres and laying the combed SN : A plan of a structure which has eight sides. long fibres more or less parallel to each other as required for Worsted spinning. OCULUS NOGGING BT : WINDOW SN : A circular or oval window or panel. Also the circular BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT opening at the top of a dome. SN : A section of stone or brickwork employed in a timber- framed building to fill the spaces between uprights or studs. Oeil De Boeuf NON CONDENSING STEAM ENGINE USE : BULLSEYE WINDOW BT : STEAM ENGINE OFFERTORIUM SN : A steam engine from which the spent exhaust steam either passes out to the atmosphere and is lost, or in some BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE cases is used as process steam in a factory. SN : The area where the act of Offertory, where bread and wine are placed upon the altar, takes place. NON DEAD CENTRE STEAM ENGINE OFFICE BT : STEAM ENGINE SN : A patented design of twin-cylinder, inverted vertical UF : Business Room steam engine, which can be started irrespective of the BT : ROOM position of the crank. SN : A room in which commercial or administrative activities are carried out. NOOK SHAFT OGEE BT : COLONNETTE SN : A colonnette set in a corner or angle, such as the UF : Ressant meeting of two walls or the place at which a doorframe meets BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES the wall it is set in. RT : CYMA RECTA RT : OGEE ARCH NORTH LIGHT RT : OGEE BRACE SN : A decorative form consisting of two upright S-shaped BT : WINDOW curves positioned opposite one another with their concave RT : NORTH LIGHT ROOF sections placed at the top. SN : A window usually spanning the full width of the north side of a roof allowing the maximum amount of direct and OGEE ARCH indirect light to enter. BT : POINTED ARCH NORTH LIGHT ROOF RT : OGEE SN : A pointed arch in which the arcs comprising it are BT : ROOF centred on points both outside and inside the arch so that the RT : NORTH LIGHT point takes the form of a double S, or ogee. SN : A roof design, common to weaving sheds, featuring a sawtooth profile with unequal slopes forming each ridge and OGEE BRACE lights on its northern side. BT : BRACE NORTHROP LOOM RT : OGEE SN : A brace which is cut to a double curve. BT : LOOM Ogee Moulding USE : CYMA RECTA SN : A musical instrument that produces sound through the passage of air through a number of pipes controlled by stops, OIL ENGINE pedals and keyboards. BT : INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SN : An oil-fuelled internal combustion engine, developed ORGAN LOFT in the late 19th century, and usually made as a stationary, BT : GALLERY (ECCLESIASTICAL) horizontal unit. SN : A gallery or platform within a place of worship housing the organ. Open Air Swimming Pool USE : OUTDOOR SWIMMING POOL ORIEL WINDOW BT : WINDOW OPEN HALL RT : BAY WINDOW BT : HALL (COMMUNAL) SN : A bay window, supported by corbelling, cills or brackets, SN : A hall, or main living-room in a medieval house, open to projecting from an upper storey of a building. the roof. ORTHOSTAT OPEN HEARTH BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : HEARTH SN : A large vertical stone forming part of a structure. If the SN : A hearth, normally placed clear of the walls, without a structure is roofed, the orthostat will stretch from the floor to chimney stack or hood above. the roof as a single slab.

OPEN PEDIMENT OSCILLATING STEAM ENGINE BT : PEDIMENT BT : STEAM ENGINE RT : BROKEN PEDIMENT SN : A compact design of steam engine which eliminates a SN : A pediment with a gap at its apex, sometimes filled with connecting rod by having the piston rod directly attached to an urn or other decorative feature. the crank.

OPEN PLAN OSSET LOOM BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN BT : LOOM SN : A building plan where space is unconstrained by SN : A narrow hand loom. partitions. OUBLIETTE OPEN TRUSS BT : DUNGEON BT : TRUSS SN : A hidden dungeon entered through a trap door from SN : A truss which does not subdivide a space, as in the the room above it. Also a similarly concealed pit into which centre of a hall of two bays or in an undivided building such prisoners would be cast. as a barn. OUTDOOR SWIMMING POOL OPEN WELL STAIRCASE UF : Open Air Swimming Pool BT : STAIRCASE BT : SWIMMING POOL SN : A staircase, usually rising through more than one storey, SN : A unenclosed feature, usually sub-terranean, with a space at its centre around which the stair is carried by constructed to contain water for public or private recreation strings and newels. and sporting activities. Sometimes part of a LIDO complex. Use INDOOR SWIMMING POOL for pools within a covering ORATORY structure. BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : A small private chapel in either a house or church. OUTER BAILEY BT : BAILEY ORCHESTRA PIT SN : A large defensive area that usually has to be crossed BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE before entering the inner bailey of a castle. SN : An area normally below a stage or dais occupied by an orchestra or musical group for performances and OUTSHOT entertainment. UF : Outshut BT : BUILDING COMPONENT ORDER SN : An extension to a building, though sometimes NT : APPLIED ORDER contemporary with it, housed under a lean-to roof. NT : COLOSSAL ORDER NT : COMPOSITE ORDER Outshut NT : CORINTHIAN ORDER USE : OUTSHOT NT : DORIC ORDER NT : IONIC ORDER OVEN NT : TUSCAN ORDER BT : MACHINERY SN : A style of construction following an established set BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS of criteria, based around the conventional use of a type of SN : An enclosed structure of brick, stone or metal in which column. material is heated or burned, or, in a domestic context, food is cooked, through the continuous radiation of heat from its ORGAN floor, walls or ceiling. BT : MACHINERY BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS OVERMANTEL BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : An ornamental panel or decorative structure situated SN : A decorative motif representing a palm leaf. Often above a mantelpiece painted, incised or applied in relief, can occur singly or as a repeating pattern. OVERSHOT WHEEL BT : WATERWHEEL PANEL SN : A waterwheel turned by the weight of water discharged BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT into buckets placed around its circumference from an outlet NT : DECORATED PANEL positioned above it. SN : A defined portion of a surface, often a wall lining or door, usually rectangular, which may be recessed, level with Overstorey or proud of its surrounding surface and may be framed by USE : CLERESTORY mouldings or channels.

OVERTHROW PANELLED DOOR BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES BT : DOOR BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A door adorned with panels, usually arranged in pairs. SN : A panel of often decorated wrought-ironwork forming the arch between two gate-piers or standards or above a gate. PANELLING Also used for an arched support for a lamp-holder between BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES two standards. NT : COFFERING NT : WAINSCOT OVOLO SN : A series of panels, usually of wood, combined to line a BT : MOULDING room. SN : A Classical convex moulding, often decorated with egg- and-dart or similar motifs. PANOPTICON PLAN BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN PACKING PIECE SN : A circular plan with a series of cells around a central BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT core, often used for prisons. SN : A timber set on the back of a cruck blade to carry a purlin. PANTRY UF : Covey PAD UF : Covie BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : FOOD PREPARATION ROOM SN : A short timber laid across the top of a masonry wall to SN : A room used for storing food. carry a wall plate or the foot of a common rafter. PARADISE PADDLING POOL BT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : An atrium or open court, surrounded by porticoes, at the SN : Man made shallow pool, usually made for children to west end of a church. play in rather than swim. PARALLEL BRACE PADSTONE BT : BRACE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A brace, parallel to another, in wall framing or arcading, RT : TEMPLATE or in trusses between post and tiebeam; also referred to as a SN : A stone block set into a wall to support a truss or beam. duplicate brace.

Painted Panel PARAPET USE : DECORATED PANEL BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : BATTLEMENT PAINTING NT : PARAPET GUTTER BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES RT : BANQUETTE SN : Fine art depiction in oil, watercolour or other media on SN : A barrier, usually in the form of a small wall, set to wood panels, canvas or paper prevent people falling over the side of a bridge, balcony, roof etc. PALAESTRA PARAPET GUTTER BT : RECREATION ROOM RT : CALDARIUM BT : PARAPET RT : FRIGIDARIUM BT : GUTTER RT : TEPIDARIUM SN : A gutter running behind a parapet wall, the water SN : The exercise hall of a Roman baths complex. channelled by it being discharged from holes in the wall.

Palladian Window PARCLOSE USE : VENETIAN WINDOW BT : SCREEN SN : A screen that separates a tomb or a chapel from the PALLET CHAMBER main body of a church. BT : ROOM PARGETTING SN : A room in which servants slept. BT : DECORATIVE PLASTERWORK PALMETTE SN : Ornamental plasterwork applied to the exterior of a building, especially timber-framed houses of the sixteenth and BT : FLORAL FEATURE seventeenth centuries.. SN : A plan form in which pavilions lead off from a spiral PARLOUR corridor. UF : Winter Parlour BT : MEETING ROOM PAVILION WARD BLOCK NT : LOCHTORY BT : AREAS AND SPACES SN : Originally a reception room where visitors come come SN : A pavilion ward in a workhouse, used to accommodate to talk especially in a closed establishment such as a inmates monastery or school. Later used to refer to any room used for entertaining guests. Pearl And Olive USE : BEAD AND REEL PARTITION WALL BT : WALL PEDESTAL SN : An interior wall, usually not load bearing, that divides a BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT space. NT : ACROTERION NT : DADO (PEDESTAL) PARVIS NT : PLINTH (PEDESTAL) BT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : A base on which a statue, column etc. stands. SN : A space usually in front of a church entrance but can include the space surrounding a church. PEDIMENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PASSAGE NT : AILERON UF : Transyte NT : BROKEN PEDIMENT UF : Passageway NT : OPEN PEDIMENT BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE RT : TYMPANUM NT : AISLE RT : ACROTERION NT : CROSS PASSAGE SN : A triangular gable usually above an entablature. NT : ENTERCLOSE NT : SCREENS PASSAGE PEG NT : SERVICE PASSAGE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : TRIFORIUM SN : A wooden nail, round or square in section, used to fix a NT : WALKWAY joint. NT : WALL PASSAGE SN : A narrow means of access, often internal. PENDANT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PASSAGE AISLE SN : A decorative piece descending vertically from the bottom BT : AISLE of a newel on a staircase, or from the junction of barge SN : A narrow aisle that pierces an internal buttress. boards at the apex of a gable.

Passageway PENDENTIVE USE : PASSAGE BT : SPANDREL SN : A spandrel which supports a dome and aids the PASSING BRACE transition between the dome and its square or octagonal BT : BRACE base. SN : A long straight timber, halved across other roof timbers, especially running from a wall post or aisle post across the PENSTOCK tiebeam to the opposing rafter. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A channel or pipeline that feeds water to a waterwheel. PASSING WINDBRACE BT : BRACE PENTHOUSE (APARTMENT) SN : A windbrace that bypasses one purlin to be jointed into BT : BUILDING COMPONENT the next purlin or principal. BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : An apartment or suite of rooms usually occupying the PATERA top floor of a building. BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : A flat oval or circular ornamental feature decorated in PENTHOUSE (SHELTER) relief, often with flutes or floral motifs. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A covered walkway attached to a building. Paternoster USE : BEAD AND REEL Pentice USE : COVERED WAY PAVILION BT : BUILDING COMPONENT PENT ROOF SN : A section of a building distinguished from the rest BT : ROOF either architecturally or as a separate structure joined to the NT : CATSLIDE ROOF main building, often intended for entertainment, specialised SN : A lean-to or monopitched roof, or a projecting canopy functions or ornamental purposes. over a door, window, or stair.

PAVILION PLAN PERGOLA BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN BT : EXTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT : BUILDING COMPONENT SN : An open roofed structure on which climbing plants are BT : PILASTER grown in order to provide a shaded walkway or seating area. SN : The equivalent of a colonnade but using pilasters.

PERISTALITH PILE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A stone ring built to enclose and sometimes revet a SN : A type of foundation in the form of a post sunk into the burial mound or cairn. ground to support a building platform.

PERISTYLE PILLAR BT : COLONNADE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A colonnade all around the exterior of a building or an SN : A vertical member standing without support. interior space such as a courtyard. Pillow Capital PETROL ENGINE USE : CUSHION CAPITAL BT : INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE SN : An internal combustion engine which uses a mixture PILOTI of air and petrol as fuel, the combustion of which is by an BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT electric spark. RT : PIER SN : A pier used to raise a structure or building above ground PEW floor level so that there is open space beneath the structure BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS NT : BOX PEW PINNACLE SN : A wooden bench with a back and ends, usually fixed and BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES found in churches. The bench ends are often decorated. SN : Small ornamental pyramid or cone, often decorated, crowning a spire, turret, buttress etc. PIANO NOBILE BT : PLAN COMPONENT PIPE SN : The principal storey of a building, containing the main BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT reception rooms, when not situated on ground level. NT : RAINWATER PIPE SN : A hollow, cylindrical structure or tube made of clay, lead, PICTURE FRAME steel, wood etc. through which gas, oil, water or other liquids BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES can be conveyed. SN : A case or border, usually wood or metal, enclosing a picture, painting or photograph. PISCINA BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS PICTURE GALLERY RT : CREDENCE BT : GALLERY (SECULAR) SN : A water-drain connected to a stone bowl within a niche SN : A room within a house or building used to exhibit in the south wall of a chapel, used to receive the water in artworks, often decorated and lit accordingly. which the priest washed his hands and rinsed the Chalice.

PIER PITCHBACK WHEEL BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : WATERWHEEL NT : GATE PIER SN : A waterwheel where the incoming supply of water RT : PILOTI is introduced at the top of the wheel and drops onto the SN : A solid support of masonry to sustain vertical pressure paddles, or buckets, of the wheel which rotates in the reverse and frequently each of the pillars from which an arch springs. direction to that of the incoming flow.

PIER BUTTRESS PIT WHEEL BT : BUTTRESS BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A detached external pier by which an arch or vault is SN : The main gearwheel in a water mill, sharing the same prevented from spreading. shaft as the exterior waterwheel but placed within the mill.

PIERCED WINDOW PIVOT BT : WINDOW BT : FASTENING SN : A window cut through a single slab of timber or stone. SN : A piece of stone or timber with a small cup shaped depression in its upper surface, set into the ground to fasten a PILASTER door, gate, window etc to allow it to open and shut. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : ANTA PLAN COMPONENT NT : LESENE BT : PLANS AND DIVISIONS NT : PILASTER STRIP NT : BAY NT : PILASTRADE NT : CORPS DE LOGIS SN : A flattened rectangular version of a column of one of the NT : PIANO NOBILE classical orders. NT : WING SN : The element or elements that make up the different parts PILASTER STRIP of a structural plan. BT : PILASTER SN : A form of pilaster without base or capital. PLANING MACHINE BT : MACHINERY PILASTRADE SN : A machine tool for producing large flat surfaces on efficiency through the replacement of flat, wooden paddles metal objects. It comprises a large work table which slides with curved, metal vanes. backwards and forwards along a substantial guide bed, passing under a stationary bridge containing a fixed tool. PORCH BT : BUILDING COMPONENT PLANKED DOOR NT : PORTE COCHERE BT : DOOR NT : PORTICO SN : A door made up of vertical planks on the outer face and SN : An interior or projecting shelter surrounding an entrance horizontal planks on the inner face. to a building.

PLANS AND DIVISIONS PORTAL FRAME NT : PLAN COMPONENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : STRUCTURAL PLAN SN : A frame to a structure formed by precast concrete SN : Plans of structures, particularly ground plans, and beams placed in pairs. divisions or elements of structures that form part of these plans. PORTCULLIS BT : GATE PLAQUE SN : A large, movable barrier, usually an iron or wooden BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT grating with pointed bars along its bottom edge, with its sides SN : A metal or stone plate or tablet, usually inscribed, set set in vertical grooves above a castle's gateway enabling it to into a wall, pedestal, floor etc., often serving as a memorial. be dropped to bar entry.

PLATE PORTE COCHERE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : PORCH NT : ARCADE PLATE RT : CARRIAGE ENTRANCE NT : COLLAR PLATE SN : A porch which is sufficiently large enough to allow a NT : CROWN PLATE vehicle beneath it. NT : SILL PLATE NT : SOLE PLATE PORTERS ROOM NT : WALL PLATE BT : ROOM SN : A general term given to all horizontal timbers laid on SN : Room within a building or complex used by a porter. walls or posts in order to support other timbers. PORTICO PLAY ROOM BT : PORCH BT : RECREATION ROOM SN : A porch with columns and pediments. SN : A room for children to play in. POST PLINTH (PEDESTAL) BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : PEDESTAL NT : CROWN POST SN : The lowest part, usually projecting, of a pedestal or the NT : DOOR POST base of a column. NT : HAMMER POST NT : KING POST PLINTH (WALL) NT : NEWEL POST BT : WALL NT : QUEEN POST RT : SKIRTING BOARD NT : WALL POST SN : The skirting or projecting base of a wall. SN : A substantial vertical member, usually a component of a main framework. POINTED ARCH BT : ARCH POST AND RAFTER TRUSS NT : DROP ARCH BT : TRUSS NT : LANCET ARCH SN : A truss comprising principal rafters and wall-posts NT : OGEE ARCH secured by knee-braces or sling-braces, but lacking SN : An arch produced by two curves, usually each with a tiebeams. radius equal to the span, which meet at a point. Post And Truss Frame POLICE CELL USE : BOX FRAME BT : ROOM SN : A room for temporary imprisonment and detention at a POST HOLE Police Station. BT : IMPLIED FEATURE NT : POST PIPE PONCELET WATER TURBINE SN : A hole occupied by a timber post or the void remaining BT : WATER TURBINE after its removal, usually with packing. SN : An inwards, radial flow reaction water turbine developed by Jean Victor Poncelet (1788-1867) in France in 1826. POST PAD BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT PONCELET WATERWHEEL SN : A pad on which a post rests to support part of a BT : UNDERSHOT WHEEL structure. SN : An undershot waterwheel, developed by General Jean Victor Poncelet (1788-1867) in France, which improved POST PIPE BT : POST HOLE SN : The space occupied by or left where a post has been. PRIVATE ROOM POST ROOM BT : RETIREMENT ROOM BT : ROOM NT : BOWER SN : A room where letters and parcels are sorted prior to SN : A room for personal rather than public use. dispatch PRIVY POWDERING ROOM BT : WASHING ROOM BT : ROOM NT : REREDORTER SN : A small room off a bedroom, usually in eighteenth SN : A latrine. century houses, in which a person would have their wig powdered. PRIVY CHAMBER BT : ROOM POWER LOOM SN : A private chamber usually in a Royal residence. BT : LOOM SN : A power driven cloth-weaving machine. PROBATIONARY WARD BT : WARD PRESBYTERY SN : A ward for receiving new paupers upon entry to a BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE workhouse. They had to remain there until checked by SN : A part of the chancel of a church where the altar is medical officer. situated. PROSCENIUM ARCH Presence Chamber BT : ARCH USE : AUDIENCE CHAMBER SN : An arch associated with the portion of the stage between the curtain and the orchestra. PRIESTS DOOR BT : DOOR PROTHESIS SN : A priest's private entrance into a church, usually found BT : ROOM on the south side of the chancel. SN : A room in a church to receive the congregation's offerings. PRIESTS HOLE UF : Dean Hole PROTOMA CAPITAL BT : ROOM BT : CAPITAL SN : A concealed passage or room for the purpose of hiding SN : A capital with a half figure projecting from each corner and protecting a (Roman Catholic) priest during times of religious persecution. PULPIT BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS PRINCIPAL SN : A raised structure from which a priest can preach. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : DIMINISHED PRINCIPAL PULPITUM NT : KNEE PRINCIPAL BT : SCREEN NT : PRINCIPAL WITH CURVED FEET SN : A stone screen, usually found in a monastic or collegiate SN : A structural member that supports a purlin. Use church, that separates the choir from the nave. PRINCIPAL RAFTER where the principal is also a common rafter. PULVINATED FRIEZE BT : FRIEZE PRINCIPAL RAFTER SN : A frieze that has a convex section. BT : RAFTER NT : ANGLE RAFTER PUMP NT : KERB PRINCIPAL BT : MACHINERY SN : A structural member that supports a purlin and is also a NT : AIR PUMP common rafter. NT : CHAIN PUMP NT : DUPLEX PUMP PRINCIPAL RAFTER ROOF NT : STEAM PUMP BT : ROOF NT : WATER PUMP SN : A roof made up of common and principal rafters. SN : A power driven machine or device for raising a liquid or forcing it along a pipe, or for compressing a gas. PRINCIPAL RAFTER TRUSS BT : TRUSS PURLIN SN : A pair of principal rafters with a tiebeam, usually with a BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT collar. NT : COLLAR PURLIN NT : TENONED PURLIN PRINCIPAL WITH CURVED FEET NT : THROUGH PURLIN BT : PRINCIPAL SN : A horizontal timber set in the plane of a roof's slope and SN : A principal with a curved lower end that continues down supporting common rafters. the wall for a short distance. PUTLOG HOLE PRISON CELL UF : Put Log Hole BT : ROOM BT : IMPLIED FEATURE SN : A room for detention and imprisonment within a prison. SN : A hole in a wall in which cross timbers, known as NT : CLAPPING QUOIN putlogs, were placed to allow scaffolding to be erected. Putlog NT : LONG AND SHORT WORK holes are often left unfilled and are often the only evidence for SN : A stone or brick used on a corner to reinforce it and also the use of scaffolding. as decoration.

Put Log Hole RADIATING CHAPEL USE : PUTLOG HOLE BT : CHAPEL SN : One of a series of chapels which project symmetrically Quadrangle Plan from an apse or ambulatory at the east end of a church. USE : COURTYARD PLAN RAFTER QUADRIPARTITE VAULT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : RIBBED VAULT NT : AUXILIARY RAFTER SN : A vault where the bay is divided by diagonal and NT : COMMON RAFTER transverse ribs into four cells or webs. NT : COMPOUND RAFTER NT : HIP RAFTER QUARRY NT : JACK RAFTER BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : PRINCIPAL RAFTER RT : WINDOW NT : VALLEY RAFTER SN : A small square or lozenge-shaped pane of glass as used NT : VERGE RAFTER in a leaded light. SN : An inclined member used to support laths under a roof covering. Normally one of a pair. QUARRY HOIST RAFTER BRACE BT : CRANE SN : A piece of machinery for lifting stone, or containers BT : BRACE loaded with stone, from a quarry. SN : A timber running obliquely across a series of common rafters. QUARTER BAR Rag And Chain Pump BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : CROSS TREE USE : CHAIN PUMP SN : A diagonal brace running from an end of a cross tree to the vertical post to support this. RAIL BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT QUATREFOIL PLAN SN : A horizontal member of a wall frame between posts or BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN studs, also the horizontal member in panelling, a panelled SN : A plan with four foils radiating out from a central point. door or a window.

QUATREFOIL WINDOW RAILING BT : WINDOW UF : Handrail SN : A window either in the shape of a four leaf clover or BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS circular with four foils enclosed. SN : A barrier consisting of a horizontal rail supported by uprights. QUAY CRANE RAILWAY INCLINED PLANE BT : CRANE NT : FIXED QUAY CRANE BT : INCLINED PLANE NT : MOVING QUAY CRANE SN : A slope, usually with rails, along which a vehicle can be SN : A crane usually found at a marine or inland quay. moved between two relatively flat stretches of railway.

QUEEN POST RAILWAY LIFT BT : POST BT : MACHINERY SN : One of a pair of posts, placed symmetrically on a tie SN : An elevator used to raise locomotives. beam, supporting a collar purlin or plate. RAILWAY SIGNAL QUEEN POST TRUSS BT : MACHINERY BT : TRUSS SN : A signal usually mounted on a gantry, be it mechanical SN : A truss with paired vertical posts set on the tie-beam and or electronic, to provide guidance to traindrivers on access to supporting collar purlins or plates. sections of track.

QUEEN STRUT RAILWAY TURNTABLE BT : STRUT BT : MACHINERY SN : A strut which is part of a pair which support the collar SN : A rotating circular platform operated by machinery to and are supported by the tiebeam. turn a steam locomotive around.

QUOIN RAINWATER HEAD UF : Coien BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UF : Angle Stone SN : A small tank or cistern, often lead or cast-iron and UF : Coign sometimes ornamented, that collects rainwater from a gutter UF : Coin or channel prior to it being discharged. UF : Coyn BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RAINWATER PIPE UF : Downpipe NT : SAUNA BT : PIPE NT : SMOKING ROOM RT : GUTTER SN : A room intended for the pursuit of recreational activities. SN : An exterior, vertical pipe that carries rainwater from a roof's guttering, usually to a drain. RECTANGULAR PLAN BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN RAISED CRUCK SN : A plan in which a four-sided figure has all its angles at BT : CRUCK right angles and its opposite sides equal and parallel. SN : A cruck which is set in solid masonry above floor level but stretching a long way down the wall. REFECTORY UF : Frater RAKING CORNICE BT : DINING ROOM BT : CORNICE SN : A dining hall, usually in a monastery or college. SN : A cornice along the sloping edge of a pediment or gable. RELIC CHAMBER RAKING STRUT BT : ROOM BT : STRUT SN : A room within a church or cathedral in which holy relics SN : One of a pair of straight or curved members set at an were kept. angle on the tie-beam and framed into a principal rafter, often supporting a purlin. RELIEVING ARCH UF : Discharging Arch RAMPART BT : ARCH BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : An arch built into a wall above another arch or lintel to SN : A protective earthern mound. relieve it of some of the weight of the structure above.

REACTION TURBINE RELIGIOUS ELEMENTS BT : TURBINE BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN : A prime mover which is rotated by the reaction from NT : ARK forcing a moving fluid to change direction. NT : BIMAH SN : Components within a religious, ritual or funerary site READING ROOM directly connected to the sacred practices involved at the site. BT : STUDY BT : RECREATION ROOM REREDORTER RT : LIBRARY BT : PRIVY SN : A room set aside for the purpose of reading, such as in a SN : A latrine, or privy, situated at the rear of a monastery library or a club. dormitory.

REBATE REREDOS BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : SCREEN SN : A rectangular recess along the edge of a timber to SN : A decorated screen behind an altar. receive a shutter, door or window. RESPOND REBUS BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : A half-pier, corbel or other architectural element, usually SN : A decorative feature, or non-heraldic badge, situated at the end of an arcade, attached to a wall to support representing the name of a person connected with a building, an arch. often in the form of a graphic pun on the name. Ressant RECEIVING BLOCK USE : OGEE BT : BUILDING COMPONENT SN : Series of rooms in a workhouse, prison or hospital, often RETABLE including porter's lodge, baths, clothes store, washrooms, BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS casual cells, rooms etc, for receiving inmates/patients. Use SN : A shelf that is behind an altar. term in Monument Type Thesaurus if it is a freestanding building. RETIREMENT ROOM BT : ROOM RECEPTION ROOM NT : BEDROOM BT : ROOM NT : BOUDOIR SN : A room in a house, hotel, business premises etc. where NT : DORMITORY guests or visitors are received. NT : PRIVATE ROOM SN : A room used for sleeping or resting in. Use more specific RECREATION ROOM term. BT : ROOM NT : FITNESS SUITE RETROCHOIR NT : GAMESROOM UF : Back Choir NT : GYMNASIUM BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE NT : MUSIC ROOM SN : The space between the high altar and the east wall or NT : PALAESTRA chapel in a large church, and often the area west of a Monks' NT : PLAY ROOM choir. NT : READING ROOM gradually reduce wheat grains into constituent parts or REUSED VESSEL COMPONENT ‘streams’ which millers call a ‘gradual reduction’ process. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : Any structural component, usually of wood, which is ROLL MOULDING believed to have derived from a vessel. Double index with BT : MOULDING the appropriate type of structural component eg. BEAM or if SN : A plain moulding of semi-circular section. known the original term from the MARITIME FIXTURES AND FITTINGS thesaurus. ROOD BEAM BT : BEAM REVETMENT SN : A beam often situated above, and spanning the width of, BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT the west end of a chancel and supporting a cross or crucifix. SN : A thin masonry facing or cladding employed to conceal the surface or structure behind it. ROOD LOFT BT : BUILDING COMPONENT Rhenish Helm SN : A loft or gallery supported on a covered, vaulted USE : HELM ROOF structure and projecting over the rood screen proper, occassionally used by minstrels or singers. RIB BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT ROOD SCREEN NT : ANGLE RIB UF : Chancel Screen NT : LIERNE BT : SCREEN NT : TIERCERON SN : A timber screen, often richly decorated, placed in front of NT : TRANSVERSE RIB a chancel to support a rood loft. NT : WALL RIB SN : A moulding on a flat or vaulted ceiling, suggesting a ROOF structure or forming a pattern derived from vaulting.. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : BOWSTRING ROOF RIBBED VAULT NT : COMMON RAFTER ROOF BT : VAULT NT : COUPLED ROOF NT : FAN VAULT NT : EAVE NT : QUADRIPARTITE VAULT NT : FLAT ROOF NT : SEXPARTITE VAULT NT : GABLED ROOF SN : A vault with a ceiling or undersurface subdivided by ribs NT : HALF HIPPED ROOF into bays or webs. NT : HAMMERBEAM ROOF NT : HELM ROOF RIDGE PIECE NT : HIPPED ROOF BT : ROOF NT : MANSARD ROOF SN : The horizontal timber running the length of a roof and NT : NORTH LIGHT ROOF positioned at its apex. NT : PENT ROOF NT : PRINCIPAL RAFTER ROOF RING CRYPT NT : RIDGE PIECE BT : CRYPT NT : THATCHED ROOF SN : A semicircular crypt below the apse of a church. NT : WAGON ROOF SN : The exterior upper covering, and its supporting structure, RING GROOVE of a building. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT Roof Boss SN : A gulley in the form of a circle for holding vertical posts in the walls of iron age round houses. USE : BOSS

RINGING CHAMBER ROOM BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE UF : Camera (Generic) RT : BELL TOWER UF : Chamber SN : A stage in a church tower where bell ringers stand. BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE NT : ADYTUM RISER NT : ALMONRY NT : ANCHORAGE BT : STEPS NT : ANTEHALL RT : STAIRCASE NT : ANTEROOM RT : TREAD NT : APARTMENT SN : The vertical face of a step. NT : APODYTERIUM NT : ARTISTS STUDIO RIVER INTAKE GAUGE NT : AUDITORIUM BT : MACHINERY NT : BALLROOM SN : A gauge for measuring the volume of water flowing from NT : BANKING HALL a river to machinery using the water for motive power?? NT : BAR ROOM NT : BELFRY ROLLER MILL NT : BLEEDING ROOM BT : FLOUR MILL NT : BOILER ROOM SN : A flour milling machine which uses horizontal steel NT : BOX OFFICE rollers and dressing machines – seives and purifiers – to NT : BURSARY NT : CABINET NT : CALDARIUM NT : CAMERA (SUITE) ROSETTE NT : CASEMATE BT : FLORAL FEATURE NT : CELL SN : A circular stylised ornament, essentially a patera with NT : CHANGING ROOM floral enrichment, associated with classical architecture and NT : CHINESE ROOM occurring on the soffits of coffers, and as the fleuron of the NT : CLOAKROOM Corinthian abacus. NT : CONFESSIO NT : CONTROL ROOM ROSE WINDOW NT : CRYPT BT : WINDOW NT : DINING ROOM SN : A circular window containing tracery. NT : DRESSING ROOM NT : DUNGEON ROTATIVE BEAM ENGINE NT : FIRST AID ROOM NT : FOOD PREPARATION ROOM BT : BEAM STEAM ENGINE NT : FRIGIDARIUM NT : HESLOP STEAM ENGINE NT : FUMIGATORY NT : TANK BED ENGINE NT : FUNCTION ROOM SN : An engine in which the oscillating motion of the beam is NT : GALLERY (SECULAR) translated via gearing to a rotative motion. NT : GREAT CHAMBER NT : GRINDING ROOM ROTATIVE STEAM ENGINE NT : GUARD CHAMBER BT : STEAM ENGINE NT : HALL (COMMUNAL) SN : A steam engine which produces rotary motion. NT : INFIRMARY NT : KEEPING ROOM SACK HOIST NT : KNIGHTS CHAMBER UF : Bag Hoist NT : LABORATORY BT : MACHINERY NT : LAUNDRY ROOM BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : LIBRARY SN : A mechanism, either automated or consisting of winches NT : LOBBY and pulleys, that raises sacks of grain on ropes or chains NT : MASTERS ROOM from one floor of a mill to another, usually through one or a NT : MEETING ROOM series of trap doors. NT : NOVICES ROOM NT : NURSERY SACRISTY NT : OFFICE UF : Diaconicon NT : PALLET CHAMBER BT : ROOM NT : POLICE CELL SN : A room in a church where vestments and sacred vessels NT : PORTERS ROOM are stored. NT : POST ROOM NT : POWDERING ROOM SADDLE NT : PRIESTS HOLE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : PRISON CELL SN : A short timber set on top of two cruck blades. NT : PRIVY CHAMBER NT : PROTHESIS SADDLE BAR NT : RECEPTION ROOM BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : RECREATION ROOM RT : CAME NT : RELIC CHAMBER RT : WINDOW NT : RETIREMENT ROOM RT : STANCHION NT : SACRISTY SN : A horizontal iron bar set in a window opening to which a NT : SALON leaded light is fixed. NT : SCHOOLROOM NT : SCULLERY NT : SERVANTS HALL SADDLE JOINT NT : SERVANTS QUARTERS BT : JOINT NT : SERVICE ROOM RT : THRESHOLD NT : SOLAR SN : A thin timber, usually sloping on both sides, fixed to the NT : STAIRCASE HALL floor between the jambs of a doorway. NT : STATE APARTMENT NT : STEWARDS ROOM Saddle Stone NT : STOREROOM USE : APEX STONE NT : STUDY NT : TEPIDARIUM SAIL NT : THRONE ROOM BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : UTILITY ROOM SN : A device, usually wooden, or fabric on a timber frame, NT : VESTRY designed to catch, and be driven by, the wind in order to NT : WAITING ROOM power a windmill. For maritime uses see the Thesaurus of NT : WASHING ROOM Maritime Archaeology. NT : WORK ROOM RT : CHAMBER BLOCK Sail Back SN : An enclosed compartment within a building intended for USE : WHIP a purpose other than as a thoroughfare. Sales Counter USE : COUNTER SN : An ornamental moulding whose curved, segmented form resembles that of a scallop shell. Salomonic Column USE : SPIRAL COLUMN SCARF JOINT BT : JOINT SALON SN : A joint between two timbers meeting end to end. UF : Salone UF : Saloon SCHOOLROOM BT : ROOM UF : School Room SN : A large, high-ceilinged room, usually in a great house BT : ROOM or palace, serving as a principal reception room; also a room NT : CLASSROOM used by the public for a specific purpose; or a drawing room SN : A room within a school, private house or institution used in a house. for lessons.

Salone School Room USE : SALON USE : SCHOOLROOM

Saloon SCISSOR BRACED TRUSS USE : SALON BT : TRUSS SN : A truss with braces crossing and fixed to each other, SALT PAN thus tying a pair of rafters together. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A large shallow pan, usually metal, in which seawater or SCISSOR BRACES brine is evaporated for the extraction of salt. The name is also BT : BRACE often applied to the exterior pits or ponds used for the same SN : One of a pair of crossing braces halved or lapped across purpose (see Thesaurus of Monument Types). each other, tying a pair of rafters together.

SANCTUARY SCONCE BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN : The part of the chancel, between the altar rail and the SN : A type of light fixture affixed to a wall in such a way eastern wall, containing the high altar. that it uses only the wall for support, and the light is usually directed upwards. Sanctus Bell Cote USE : BELLCOTE SCOOP WHEEL BT : MACHINERY SASH WINDOW SN : A wheel, usually steam driven, used for raising water by BT : WINDOW means of buckets attached to its circumference. SN : A window with a frame for holding the glass, capable of being raised and lowered in vertical grooves. SCOTCH BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SATELLITE DISH SN : A housing, normally of triangular section, in a post BT : MACHINERY to take the end of a prop, to hold the post upright during SN : A device for receiving and sending radio-transmitted construction. signals into the atmosphere. SCOTCH CRANK ENGINE SAUNA BT : ENGINE BT : RECREATION ROOM SN : A compact design of engine in which a connecting rod is SN : A room, usually lined with wood panels, that is heated dispensed with, giving a short baseplate. to a hot and steamy temperature using a small stove and intended to be used for relaxation and therapeutic purposes. SCOTIA BT : MOULDING SAVERY ENGINE SN : A deeply concaved moulding, with a projecting lower BT : STEAM ENGINE edge, that sits at the base of a column between two torus SN : An elementary steam engine working on the mouldings. atmospheric principle; often used downstream of an overshot waterwheel. SCREEN BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SAW TOOTH TRUSS NT : ALTAR SCREEN BT : TRUSS NT : CHOIR SCREEN SN : A roof truss used for small spans with a saw-tooth NT : ICONOSTASIS overall shape braced by vertical and diagonal members. NT : PARCLOSE NT : PULPITUM SCALLOPED CAPITAL NT : REREDOS BT : CUSHION CAPITAL NT : ROOD SCREEN SN : A type of cushion capital with the lunette on each face SN : A vertical partition used to separate one area from cut into a series of truncated cones to form a scallop shell-like another. decoration. SCREENS PASSAGE SCALLOPED MOULDING BT : PASSAGE BT : MOULDING SN : A passage that runs axially across the end of a hall with USE : VENETIAN WINDOW a screen between it and the hall and doorways to service rooms on the other side. SERVANTS HALL BT : ROOM SCRIBED JOINT SN : A room for servants, particularly where they would eat. BT : JOINT SN : A joint in which the end of one timber is shaped to fit SERVANTS QUARTERS around the moulding on another. BT : ROOM SN : The part of a house frequented by servants when not SCRIBED MITRE performing their duties. BT : JOINT SN : The junction of two timbers at right angles, with SERVICE BLOCK chamfers or mouldings meeting on a diagonal line, where one BT : BUILDING COMPONENT timber is cut to fit around the chamfer or moulding of the other SN : An area of a building or complex specifically housing the timber. kitchens, sculleries and services.

SCULLERY SERVICE PASSAGE UF : Ewery BT : PASSAGE BT : ROOM SN : A passage providing access to utility services or a larger RT : KITCHEN tunnel for the purposes of monitoring and maintenance. May SN : A room, or part of a kitchen, for the cleaning and storage also provide be used as an evacuation route. of kitchen utensils. SERVICE ROOM SCULPTURE BT : ROOM BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES SN : A room usually set aside for the provision of materials NT : CALVARY used in a household. SN : A figurative or abstract design in the round or in relief and can be of various materials. For freestanding sculptures SERVICE STAIRCASE see also Monument Types Thesaurus. BT : STAIRCASE SN : A staircase normally used by servants and tradesmen. SCUTCHING MACHINE BT : MACHINERY SERVICE WING SN : A machine for cleansing flax, hemp or cotton and BT : WING forming the fibres into a continuous wide lap or sheet in SN : A wing of a house used specifically for the storage of preparation for carding. household materials and victuals.

SEA POOL SETBACK BUTTRESS BT : SWIMMING POOL BT : BUTTRESS SN : Man made structure to contain tidal waters, often part of SN : A buttress that is set slightly away from a corner. Usually a LIDO, bathing or swimming complex at the sea edge. one of a pair.

SECONDARY RAFTER SEXFOIL PLAN BT : COMPOUND RAFTER BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN SN : The inner rafter of a compound rafter. SN : A decorative pattern, as used in tracery or a Gothic arch, featuring six lobes, or foils, separated by cusps. SECONDARY TRUSS UF : Intermediate Truss SEXPARTITE VAULT BT : TRUSS BT : RIBBED VAULT SN : A truss of slighter construction between principal trusses SN : A vault whose bay is divided by diagonal and transverse in an elaborate roof. ribs into six compartments or cells.

SECRET BRIDLE JOINT SHAFT BT : JOINT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A bridle joint which is invisible from all sides of the NT : SHAFT RING timber. SN : The part of a column between the capital and the base.

SECRET NOTCHED LAP JOINT SHAFT RING BT : NOTCHED LAP JOINT BT : SHAFT SN : A joint with a notch cut into its invisible inner face. SN : A moulded ring around a shaft.

SEDILIA SHAPING MACHINE BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT : MACHINERY SN : Set of three seats for the clergy found in the chancel RT : SLOTTING MACHINE SN : A machine tool for producing flat surfaces and slots on SEGMENTAL ARCH small work pieces by cutting away surplus material. BT : ARCH SN : An arch made up of part of a circle, the centre of which SHEELA NA GIG is below its springing line. UF : Sheila Na Gig BT : HUMAN FIGURE Serliana SN : A carved stone female figure often found on castles and SN : A panel, board or device bearing an inscription, symbol churches. or image, usually describing a function, name, location, instruction, or otherwise distinguishing the object or structure Sheila Na Gig on which it is placed. USE : SHEELA NA GIG SILL SHELF UF : Cill BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : The horizontal piece of timber or stone forming the SN : A flat, horizontal piece of timber or masonry projecting bottom of a window, doorway or other opening, usually and from or recessed into a wall to hold objects. properly designed to throw off water.

SHELL HOOD SILL BEAM BT : DRIPSTONE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A shell-shaped moulded hood over an exterior opening, SN : A horizontal timber positioned at the bottom of a framed such as a doorway. wall into which posts and studs are tenoned.

SHINGLE SILL PLATE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : PLATE SN : A thin wooden slab or tile used in quantity as a roof or SN : A horizontal timber usually at the bottom of a timber wall covering. framed wall into which posts and studs are tenoned.

SHOE SIMS COMPOUND ENGINE BT : MACHINERY BT : BEAM STEAM ENGINE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A form of tandem compounding of early beam engines, SN : An inclined wooden trough which channels grain evenly with a high pressure steam cylinder mounted on top of a low from the feed hopper into the eye of the stones in a corn mill. pressure one, introduced in Cornwall the 1840s by James Sims. SHOULDERED ARCH BT : ARCH SINGLE CELL PLAN SN : A flat arch or lintel with quadrants on the corbels rising BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN from the jambs. SN : A simple, one-roomed structural plan.

Shovelboard Parlour Site Layer USE : GAMESROOM USE : LAYER

SHRINE SITTING ROOM BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT : LIVING ROOM NT : AEDICULE (SHRINE) NT : SUN LOUNGE SN : A fereter or repository for relics or any building SN : Originally a room in a house where a family would containing such a repository, or any place or structure where gather, usually in the evening, to sit and read, write, sew, worship is offered or devotions are paid to a saint or deity. play music etc. This term has become commonly used as an alternative to living room. SHUTTER BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SKEW ARCH SN : A hinged, sliding or rolling door placed over a window's BT : ARCH exterior or interior. SN : An arch with jambs that do not stand at an angle of ninety degrees to its face. SIDE LEVER ENGINE BT : BEAM STEAM ENGINE SKIRTING BOARD SN : A design of beam steam engine introduced circa 1800 in BT : MOULDING which, instead of a single overhead rocking beam, there are BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT two beams positioned alongside the cylinder, one either side, RT : PLINTH (WALL) giving a lower overall height. SN : A narrow timber board or moulding lining the base of an interior wall as a finish between it and and the floor. SIDE WALL FIREPLACE PLAN BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN SKYLIGHT SN : A building plan in which the principal fireplace is BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT positioned on the side wall. SN : A glazed opening in a roof or ceiling.

SIFTER SLASHER UF : Dresser BT : MACHINERY UF : Bolter SN : A machine for applying protective size to yarn intended BT : MACHINERY for warp NT : WIRE MACHINE SN : A mechanical device, used in a corn mill, that sieves and SLATE HANGING grades flour or meal and separates oversized particles. BT : CLADDING SN : A wall cladding consisting of slates hung in overlapping SIGN rows. BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SLEEPER WALL SOLE PIECE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A wall, usually perforated to allow free passage of air, SN : A horizontal member supporting the posts in a timber supporting the ground-floor joists of a building. framed structure.

SLING BRACE SOLE PLATE BT : BRACE BT : PLATE SN : A brace, running from a post to a principal, stiffening an SN : A short timber set across the top of a wall to take the interrupted tiebeam. foot of a rafter and an ashlar piece.

SLIP TENON JOINT SOULACE BT : JOINT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A joint with a loose tenon morticed into two touching SN : A straight brace from rafter to collar in a common rafter pieces of timber truss.

SLOTTING MACHINE SPANDREL BT : MACHINERY BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : SHAPING MACHINE NT : HOLLOW SPANDREL SN : A machine tool similar in general appearance to a NT : PENDENTIVE shaping machine but in which the head or ram carrying the SN : The quasi-triangular area between, and defined by, the cutting tool moves in a vertical plane. upper sections of a pair of adjacent arches, or between the curve of an arch and the angle of a surrounding frame or SLUBBING FRAME structure. BT : MACHINERY SN : A machine for further attenuating a sliver of cotton after it SPANDREL STRUT has been through a draw frame. BT : A STRUT SN : A short timber set diagonally in the spandrel of an arch SLUICE brace, between the brace and the corner of the main frame. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A gate or valve that controls the flow of water from a SPA POOL reservoir, harbour, etc.. BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : Manmade structure that contains water that is heated Slype to a high temperature and sometimes has bubbling air jets. USE : COVERED WAY Meant to be used for therapeudic purposes.

SMOKE BAY SPEEDFRAME BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT : MACHINERY BT : BAY SN : A general name given to a series of machines which SN : A bay in a two storeyed house open to the roof to allow successively reduce the diameter of rovings before the final smoke to escape. spinning into yarn.

SMOKE HOOD SPERE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A framed fireplace hood built on a bressumer and SN : A screen, with a wide central opening, or multiple extending from one outer wall to the other or to a spere. narrower openings, spanning the lower end of a medieval hall, screening the cross entry and defining the screen, or SMOKING ROOM cross, passage. BT : RECREATION ROOM SN : A room set aside within a club, hotel, large residence SPERE TRUSS etc. for the benefit of guests or individuals who wish to BT : TRUSS smoke. SN : The structure across the lower end of a medieval hall containing the spere, its supporting posts and tie-beam. SMUTTER BT : MACHINERY SPIDER SN : A cleansing or separating machine used in a corn mill for BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT removing smut from grain before it is ground. SN : A four-armed metal coupling, positioned at the centre of a windmill's sails, connected to the front of the striking rod SOFFIT and the shutter bars of all the sails, causing the shutters to BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT open and close. SN : The under surface of an arch, lintel or projecting architectural feature. SPINNING MACHINE BT : MACHINERY SOLAR NT : JENNY BT : ROOM NT : MULE RT : CHAMBER BLOCK NT : WATER FRAME SN : A first-floor chamber, often serving as a parlour, SN : A machine used for drawing out and twisting together bedchamber or private room, in a medieval house. Also a loft, short fibres to make a yarn or thread. Use more specific term rood-loft or garret. where known. SPIRAL COLUMN SPUR WHEEL UF : Twisted Column BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT UF : Salomonic Column SN : A large gearwheel which, together with a smaller gear BT : COLUMN called a pinion, connects two parrallel shafts and, in a corn SN : A column whose shaft is scuplted to give it a contorted mill, drives the stone nuts. or twisted appearance, sometimes referred to as a barley- sugar column. SQUINCH BT : ARCH SPIRAL FLUTING SN : One or more arches built across an angle between two BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES walls to support a polygonal or circular structure. SN : A decorative feature, usually Norman, in which fluting takes a spiral rather than vertical form. SQUINT UF : Hagioscope SPIRAL STAIRCASE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : STAIRCASE SN : An aperture cut obliquely in a wall, usually of a chancel, SN : A staircase, circular in plan, that winds around a central affording a view between the high altar and the aisles or side newel. chapels.

SPIRE STADDLE STONE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : BROACH SPIRE SN : A short, tapered, vertical stone supporting a rough stone NT : FLECHE disc so resembling a toadstool, often forming one of several NT : NEEDLE SPIRE uprights on which a timber structure, such as a granary rests, NT : SPIRELET protecting the building from damp and vermin. SN : A tall, circular, polygonal or square structure rising from a roof, tower, turret etc., tapering to a slender point. STAGE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SPIRELET BT : AREAS AND SPACES BT : SPIRE SN : A raised platform, especially in a theatre or auditorium, SN : A small form of spire. for the use of performers or speakers etc.

SPLAYED AND TABLED SCARF JOINT STAINED GLASS BT : JOINT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A joint which has a splay interrupted by a step SN : Glass that has been coloured by fusing glass with a metallic oxide film or by burning pigment into the surface. SPLAYED ARCH BT : ARCH STAIRCASE SN : An arch which has a larger radius on the front face of a UF : Stairway wall than on the back. BT : BUILDING COMPONENT NT : BACK STAIRCASE SPLAYED SCARF JOINT NT : DOGLEG STAIRCASE BT : JOINT NT : ESCALATOR SN : A joint with each timber ending in a cut slanted across its NT : EXTERNAL STAIRCASE length. NT : IMPERIAL STAIRCASE NT : NEWEL POST SPLIT BALUSTER NT : NEWEL STAIRCASE UF : Engaged Baluster NT : NIGHT STAIR BT : BALUSTER NT : OPEN WELL STAIRCASE SN : A half or whole baluster applied to a wall or pedestal, NT : SERVICE STAIRCASE thus described as engaged. NT : SPIRAL STAIRCASE NT : WINDER STAIRCASE SPRINGER RT : RISER RT : LANDING UF : Tas De Charge SN : A flight of steps leading from one level to another. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : The point or block from which an arch or vault starts. STAIRCASE HALL The block generally has a horizontal base and sloped top. BT : ROOM SPROCKET SN : A room which contains, wholly or partly, a staircase. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT STAIR TOWER SN : A triangular or wedge-shaped timber cocking-piece attached to the upper face of a rafter near its foot in order to BT : TOWER reduce the slope above the eaves. Such eaves are referred to SN : A tower, normally forming part of a larger structure, as being sprocketed. housing a staircase.

SPUR STAIR TURRET BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : TURRET SN : A short timber connecting a cruck blade to a wall above SN : A small or subordinate tower, normally forming part of a the point at which the blade diverges from it. larger structure, housing a spiral or winding stair. cylinders, the energy being transmitted by a piston rod to a Stairway diversity of devices USE : STAIRCASE STEAM PUMP STAKE HOLE BT : PUMP BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A pump driven by steam power generated by solid fuels. SN : A small hole filled or vacated by a stake, normally driven into the ground. STEAM TURBINE BT : TURBINE STALL NT : COMBINED STEAM AND GAS TURBINE BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS SN : A steam motor in which rotory motion is produced by SN : A fixed seat, often enclosed, usually found within an steam impinging directly upon a series of vanes upon the ecclesiastical building and frequently arranged in series to circumference of a revolving cylinder or disc. accomodate a congregation, choir or clergy. STEAM WHIM STAMPS BT : MACHINERY BT : MACHINERY SN : A steam-powered machine used for raising materials SN : A series of water or engine-driven crushing machines such as ore or water from a pit or shaft. used in ore dressing. STEEPLE STANCHION BT : BUILDING COMPONENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : CROWN STEEPLE RT : CAME SN : A collective term embracing a church tower's entire RT : WINDOW structure, including its spire. RT : SADDLE BAR SN : A vertical iron bar fixed within a window opening to STEEPLE ENGINE support a leaded light. BT : STEAM ENGINE SN : A compact, free standing steam engine introduced circa STATE APARTMENT 1810 and built mainly in small sizes. BT : ROOM SN : A room or group of rooms usually reserved for use by STEPS the monarchy or government. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : RISER STATIONARY STEAM ENGINE NT : TREAD BT : STEAM ENGINE SN : A series of flat-topped structures, usually wooden or SN : A steam engine working at a fixed location. stone, on which a person places their feet when ascending or descending, facilitating movement from one level to another. STEAM CRANE BT : CRANE Stewards Parlour SN : A crane deriving its power from steam generated from USE : STEWARDS ROOM solid fuels. STEWARDS ROOM STEAM ENGINE UF : Stewards Parlour BT : ENGINE BT : ROOM NT : A FRAME STEAM ENGINE SN : A room for higher-ranking servants. NT : ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE NT : BEAM STEAM ENGINE STIFF LEAF CAPITAL NT : BULL ENGINE BT : CAPITAL NT : CONDENSING STEAM ENGINE SN : A capital featuring stylised, often projecting, three-lobed NT : CONTRA FLOW STEAM ENGINE leaves. NT : HORIZONTAL STEAM ENGINE NT : INVERTED VERTICAL STEAM ENGINE STILTED ARCH NT : MINE HAULAGE STEAM ENGINE BT : ARCH NT : NON CONDENSING STEAM ENGINE SN : An arch where vertical piers raise the springing line. NT : NON DEAD CENTRE STEAM ENGINE NT : OSCILLATING STEAM ENGINE STOKEHOLE NT : ROTATIVE STEAM ENGINE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : SAVERY ENGINE SN : The hole through which the fuel for a fire is put to start NT : STATIONARY STEAM ENGINE and maintain the fire. NT : STEEPLE ENGINE NT : TABLE ENGINE STONE CARVING NT : TANDEM COMPOUND NT : TRACTION STEAM ENGINE BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES NT : TRIPLE EXPANSION ENGINE SN : An inscription or illustration carved into the surface of a NT : TRUNK STEAM ENGINE stone wall or other architectural element. NT : UNIFLOW STEAM ENGINE NT : VERTICAL STEAM ENGINE STONE MILL NT : WATER RETURNING ENGINE BT : FLOUR MILL SN : A power source deriving its energy from solid fuel, which SN : A flour milling machine which uses one or more pairs of is used to boil water in an almost closed vessel, producing horizontal millstones to grind wheat into flour which millers steam which moves one or more pistons in tight fitting call a ‘sudden death’ process; within not more than 90 resembling interlacing leather straps. Popular in the late 16th seconds complete wheat grain becomes wholemeal flour. and early 17th centuries.

STONE NUT STRIKING GEAR BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : Pinion which engages with the spur wheel and drives the RT : STRIKING ROD millstones in a corn mill. SN : A mechanism within a windmill, attached to the striking rod, allowing the opening and closing of the shutters or vanes STONEWORK of patent sails. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A structure, part of a structure or area consisting of plain STRIKING ROD masonry. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : STRIKING GEAR STOP SN : An iron bar or rod running through the core of a BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT windmill's windshaft that causes the opening and shutting of SN : A projecting, sometimes decorated, finish to a moulding, the vanes on patent sails. chamfer, label, hood-mould or string-course. STRING STOP SPLAYED SCARF JOINT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : JOINT SN : A sloping timber in a staircase holding the ends of treads SN : A joint which has a splay with a short perpendicular and risers. section at each end. STRING COURSE STOREROOM BT : MOULDING BT : ROOM RT : LABEL STOP NT : APOTHECA SN : A horizontal, moulded band, usually projecting, running NT : ARMOURY across a wall, often indicating the position of a building's NT : CELLAR interior floor. NT : CLOTHING STORE NT : GUN ROOM STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : HARNESS ROOM NT : ABUTMENT NT : LUMBER ROOM NT : AEDICULE (FRAME) NT : TACK ROOM NT : AISLE NT : WARDROBE NT : ALCOVE SN : A room set aside for the storage of goods or valuables. NT : ANCONE (CONSTRUCTION) Use more specific term where known. NT : ANCONE (STRUCTURAL) NT : ANGLE BAR STOREY NT : ANGLE STAFF BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE NT : APEX STONE NT : ATTIC NT : APRON NT : BASEMENT NT : APSE NT : MEZZANINE NT : ARCADE SN : One of a building's horizontal divisions, being the space NT : ARCH between two floors, or a floor and the roof structure. NT : ARCHWAY NT : ARRIS FILLET STOUP NT : ASHLARING BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS NT : BALDACCHINO SN : A fixed basin, containing Holy Water, positioned near the NT : BALUSTRADE entrance of a church, usually placed within a niche, on a wall NT : BAND (STRUCTURAL) or pier, or freestanding upon a pedestal. NT : BARGE BOARD NT : BASE STRAINER ARCH NT : BATTEN NT : BEAM BT : ARCH NT : BED NOOK SN : An arch whose purpose is to arrest or prevent structural NT : BEETLE movement in a building. NT : BELL FRAME NT : BELLCOTE STRAINER BEAM NT : BLOCK BT : BEAM NT : BLOCKING COURSE SN : A transverse timber in aisled construction, joining aisle NT : BOLSTER posts below tiebeam level, to allow rearing of pairs of posts. NT : BOSS NT : BOX FRAME STRAP NT : BRACKET BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : BRAKE WHEEL SN : An iron plate connecting two or more timbers together. NT : BRICKWORK NT : BRIDGE TREE STRAPWORK NT : BUTTRESS BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES NT : CAME SN : A decorative feature of wood, plaster or carved masonry, NT : CAP often used in low relief on ceilings, panels or screens and NT : CAPITAL NT : CAPSTONE NT : CEILING NT : ORTHOSTAT NT : CENTERING NT : OVERTHROW NT : CHIMNEY NT : PACKING PIECE NT : CLADDING NT : PAD NT : CLERESTORY NT : PADSTONE NT : COLLAR NT : PANEL NT : COLONNADE NT : PARAPET NT : COLUMN NT : PEDESTAL NT : COMPOUND PIER NT : PEDIMENT NT : COPING NT : PEG NT : CORBEL NT : PENDANT NT : CORBEL TABLE NT : PENSTOCK NT : CROSS TREE NT : PENTHOUSE (SHELTER) NT : CROWN TREE NT : PERISTALITH NT : CROWN WHEEL NT : PIER NT : CUPBOARD NT : PILASTER NT : CUTWATER NT : PILE NT : DAIS NT : PILLAR NT : DAIS CANOPY NT : PILOTI NT : DOME NT : PIPE NT : DOOR NT : PIT WHEEL NT : DOORCASE NT : PLAQUE NT : DORMER NT : PLATE NT : DRAW BAR NT : PORTAL FRAME NT : ENTABLATURE NT : POST NT : FACADE NT : POST PAD NT : FAN CARRIAGE NT : PRINCIPAL NT : FANTAIL NT : PURLIN NT : FASTENING NT : QUARRY NT : FIREPLACE NT : QUARTER BAR NT : FIRING STEP NT : QUOIN NT : FLOOR NT : RAFTER NT : FLUE NT : RAIL NT : FLUTING NT : RAINWATER HEAD NT : FOUNDATION NT : RAMPART NT : FOUNDATION STONE NT : REBATE NT : GABLE NT : RESPOND NT : GATE NT : REUSED VESSEL COMPONENT NT : GLAZING BAR NT : REVETMENT NT : GRATING NT : RIB NT : GRILLE NT : RING GROOVE NT : GROIN NT : ROOF NT : GULLY NT : SACK HOIST NT : GUN PORT NT : SADDLE NT : GUTTER NT : SADDLE BAR NT : HAUNCH NT : SAIL NT : HEAD RACE NT : SALT PAN NT : HEARTH NT : SCOTCH NT : HOPPER NT : SCREEN NT : HURST NT : SHAFT NT : JAMB NT : SHELF NT : JETTY NT : SHINGLE NT : JOIST NT : SHOE NT : JOURNAL NT : SHUTTER NT : KERB NT : SILL NT : KING PENDANT NT : SILL BEAM NT : KNEELER NT : SKIRTING BOARD NT : LATH NT : SKYLIGHT NT : LIGHT NT : SLEEPER WALL NT : LIGHTNING CONDUCTOR NT : SLUICE NT : LINTEL NT : SMOKE HOOD NT : LOOPHOLE NT : SOFFIT NT : LOUVRE NT : SOLE PIECE NT : LUCAM NT : SOULACE NT : MASONS MARK NT : SPANDREL NT : MEAL SPOUT NT : SPERE NT : MILLSTONE NT : SPIDER NT : MULLION NT : SPIRE NT : MUNTIN NT : SPRINGER NT : NECK NT : SPROCKET NT : NICHE NT : SPUR NT : NOGGING NT : SPUR WHEEL NT : SQUINT NT : LOBBY ENTRY PLAN NT : STADDLE STONE NT : OCTAGONAL PLAN NT : STAGE NT : OPEN PLAN NT : STAINED GLASS NT : PANOPTICON PLAN NT : STAKE HOLE NT : PAVILION PLAN NT : STANCHION NT : QUATREFOIL PLAN NT : STEPS NT : RECTANGULAR PLAN NT : STOKEHOLE NT : SEXFOIL PLAN NT : STONE NUT NT : SIDE WALL FIREPLACE PLAN NT : STONEWORK NT : SINGLE CELL PLAN NT : STOP NT : SYMMETRICAL PLAN NT : STRAP NT : T SHAPE PLAN NT : STRIKING GEAR NT : THREE ROOM PLAN NT : STRIKING ROD NT : THROUGH PASSAGE PLAN NT : STRING NT : TREFOIL PLAN NT : STRUT NT : U SHAPE PLAN NT : STUD SN : A plan form of a structure or building. NT : TAIL POLE NT : TAIL RACE STRUT NT : TEMPLATE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : THRESHOLD NT : A STRUT NT : TIE NT : ANGLE STRUT NT : TILING NT : CROWN STRUT NT : TRANSOM NT : KING STRUT NT : TRIMMER NT : QUEEN STRUT NT : TRUMEAU NT : RAKING STRUT NT : TRUSS NT : V STRUT NT : TUN SN : A member whose purpose is to keep two other members NT : TYMPANUM apart, so acting in a state of compression. NT : UPRIGHT SHAFT NT : VAULT STUB TIEBEAM NT : VAULT SPRINGER BT : TIEBEAM NT : VENT SN : A block in the position of a tiebeam. NT : VOUSSOIR NT : WALKWAY STUD NT : WALL NT : WALLOWER BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : WATER SPOUT NT : CLOSE STUDDING NT : WATER TABLE NT : CRUCK STUD NT : WATERWHEEL SHAFT NT : HERRINGBONE STUDDING NT : WEATHERBOARD SN : A subsidiary member, usually vertical, in a framed wall NT : WHIP or partition. NT : WIND BRACE NT : WINDOW STUDDED DOOR NT : WINDSHAFT BT : DOOR NT : YOKE SN : A planked or battened door, with large nails or pegs with SN : A part of a building or structure that is an element of the projecting heads keeping it intact. construction. STUDY STRUCTURAL PLAN BT : ROOM BT : PLANS AND DIVISIONS NT : READING ROOM NT : AXIAL CHIMNEY PLAN SN : A room for private work, reading etc. NT : BAFFLE ENTRY PLAN NT : BASILICA PLAN SUN LOUNGE NT : BUTTERFLY PLAN BT : SITTING ROOM NT : CENTRAL FIREPLACE PLAN SN : A sitting room fitted with large windows for the purpose NT : CENTRAL STAIRCASE PLAN of admitting the maximum amount of sunlight. NT : CIRCULAR PLAN NT : COURTYARD PLAN SUPERVISORY HUB NT : CRUCIFORM PLAN BT : BUILDING COMPONENT NT : DIRECT ENTRY PLAN BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE NT : DOUBLE DEPTH PLAN SN : An area or wing of a hexagonal plan workhouse or NT : DOUBLE PILE PLAN prison from where the supervision of the inmates is carried NT : E SHAPE PLAN out. NT : END HALL PLAN NT : END LOBBY ENTRY PLAN SWIMMING POOL NT : GABLE ENTRY PLAN BT : BUILDING COMPONENT NT : H SHAPE PLAN BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS NT : HALL AND CROSS WING PLAN NT : INDOOR SWIMMING POOL NT : HEARTH PASSAGE PLAN NT : LEARNER POOL NT : HEXAGONAL PLAN NT : MENS POOL NT : L SHAPE PLAN NT : OUTDOOR SWIMMING POOL NT : SEA POOL UF : Butt Purlin NT : WOMENS POOL BT : PURLIN SN : Man made structure, usually sub-terranean, built to SN : A purlin that is joined to a principal rafter by a tenon joint. contain water for the purpose of immersion of people for sport and leisure. TEPIDARIUM UF : Warm Bath SYMMETRICAL PLAN BT : ROOM BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN RT : CALDARIUM SN : A building plan in which the rooms are symmetrically RT : FRIGIDARIUM placed. RT : PALAESTRA SN : The warm room in a Roman baths. TABERNACLE BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS THATCHED ROOF SN : A recess for holding the Holy Sacrament. BT : ROOF SN : A roof featuring a covering of straw, reeds, rushes etc. TABLE ENGINE used extensively during the medieval period but also popular BT : STEAM ENGINE in rural or rustic architecture. SN : A compact steam engine of moderate power in which the steam cylinder was placed vertically on a table with the Therm crosshead and guides mounted immediately above. USE : DIOCLETIAN WINDOW

TACK ROOM Thermal Window BT : STOREROOM USE : DIOCLETIAN WINDOW RT : HARNESS ROOM SN : A room for storing and maintaining the equipment used THOMSON WATER TURBINE in riding, eg saddles, bridles, reins etc. BT : WATER TURBINE SN : An inward radial-flow reaction turbine developed by TAIL POLE James Thomson. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A pole projecting to the rear of a post mill to allow the THREADED PURLIN sails to be moved into the wind. BT : THROUGH PURLIN SN : A purlin that is threaded through a hole in the principal TAIL RACE rafter. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : MACHINERY THREE CENTRED ARCH RT : HEAD RACE BT : ARCH SN : A channel that returns water that has been used to turn SN : A depressed arch formed around three arcs: two struck a waterwheel back to the river or source from which it came. from the springing line with one centrally placed arc struck from below it. TANDEM COMPOUND BT : STEAM ENGINE THREE ROOM PLAN SN : A horizontal, stationary steam engine with two cylinders BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN in line, one behind the other, the steam passing through each SN : A building plan consisting of three rooms placed in a cylinder in turn. straight row.

TANK BED ENGINE THRESHING MACHINE BT : ROTATIVE BEAM ENGINE BT : MACHINERY SN : A small self-contained rotative Beam Steam Engine. SN : A machine for beating out or separating grain from corn.

Tas De Charge THRESHOLD USE : SPRINGER BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : SADDLE JOINT Tearoom SN : A wooden, metal or stone strip attached to the floor USE : DINING ROOM between the door posts in a doorway covering the joint between two floor surfaces. Telamone USE : ATLANTIS THRONE ROOM BT : ROOM TEMPLATE SN : A room containing one or more thrones. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : PADSTONE THROSTLE FRAME SN : A timber placed horizontally in a cob or stone wall to BT : WATER FRAME support the foot of a post or cruck blade. SN : An improved water frame spinning machine which differed from the water frame in mechanical details, being TENIA larger and operating at a much faster speed. BT : MOULDING SN : A small moulding on the top of the architrave in the Doric THROUGH PASSAGE PLAN order. BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN

TENONED PURLIN SN : A building plan in which a passage crosses the axis of SN : A grave or sepulchre enlosed or covered by a memorial. the building, often at one end of a hall, with an external door at each end. TORUS BT : MOULDING THROUGH PURLIN SN : A large, convex moulding, sometimes ornamented, set BT : PURLIN at the base of a column and above its plinth. NT : BACK PURLIN NT : CLASPED PURLIN TOWER NT : THREADED PURLIN BT : BUILDING COMPONENT NT : TRENCHED PURLIN NT : ANGLE TOWER SN : A purlin that passes a principal rafter NT : BELL TOWER NT : CLOCK TOWER THROUGH TENON JOINT NT : CROSSING TOWER BT : JOINT NT : FOREBUILDING SN : A joint in which the tenon passes completely through the NT : STAIR TOWER receiving timber. NT : TURRET SN : A tall structure of any form, high in proportion to its THROWING MACHINE lateral dimensions, often rising in stages, freestanding or part BT : MACHINERY of another building, often used in fortifications and churches. SN : A machine used in the silk industry for applying the final twist to silk threads to make them suitable for weaving into a TRACERIED HEAD WINDOW fabric. BT : WINDOW SN : A window which has its head beam decorated with TIE elements of tracery. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : TIEBEAM TRACERY SN : Any member that connects two bodies, such as the BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES sloping sides of a roof, to prevent them pulling apart. NT : CINQUEFOIL SN : An arrangement by which panels, screens, vaults or TIEBEAM windows are divided into parts of different shapes or sizes by BT : BEAM means of moulded stone bars or ribs, called form-pieces or BT : TIE forms in the Medieval period. NT : DROPPED TIEBEAM NT : INTERRUPTED TIEBEAM TRACTION STEAM ENGINE NT : STUB TIEBEAM BT : STEAM ENGINE SN : A major horizontal timber spanning a roof space SN : A small mobile steam engine. to connect a pair of principal rafters and prevent them spreading. TRADING FLOOR BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE TIERCERON SN : An open area within an exchange building (e.g. cotton BT : RIB exchange, corn exchange, stock exchange) where goods are SN : A secondary rib usually springing from the junction of traded. two other ribs, or one that rises between a main diagonal and transverse rib, from the springing to the ridge rib. TRANSEPT BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE TILE HANGING NT : CROSS TRANSEPT BT : CLADDING NT : DWARF TRANSEPT SN : A vertical cladding consisting of tiles hung in overlapping SN : A large division of a building which lies across, and at rows. right angles to, its main axis, such as the arms either side of the crossing in a cruciform church. TILING BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES TRANSOM BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : An area or series of tiles applied, usually to an interior RT : MULLION floor or wall's surface, for practical or decorative effect. SN : A horizontal member dividing a window into two or more lights. TILT HAMMER BT : MACHINERY TRANSVERSE BEAM SN : An early form of powered forging hammer, featuring BT : BEAM a cast-iron hammer head fixed to a pivoted wooden arm, SN : A beam that runs the width of a building. introduced circa 1500 and used primarily in the iron industry. TRANSVERSE RIB TOILET BT : RIB BT : WASHING ROOM SN : A rib which spans a vault passing from springer to SN : A room containing a toilet, water closet etc.. springer at right angles to the axis of the vault.

TOMB Transyte BT : BUILDING COMPONENT USE : PASSAGE RT : AMBITUS RT : EASTER SEPULCHRE TRAPDOOR BT : DOOR SN : A short timber supporting end of joists or rafters to SN : A horizontal door within, and usually flush with surface facilitate an opening, such as a door or dormer. of, a floor, ceiling or roof. Trimmer Joist TRAVELLING CRANE USE : TRIMMER BT : CRANE NT : TRAVELLING ROOF CRANE TRIPLE EXPANSION ENGINE SN : A crane, usually used in engineering workshops, that BT : STEAM ENGINE can be moved from place to place, often by means of rails. SN : A design of steam engine in which either three cylinders, in the case of vertical engines, or four cylinders on horizontal TRAVELLING ROOF CRANE engines, permit steam to be expanded three times as it BT : TRAVELLING CRANE passes through the installation. SN : A crane, usually used in engineering workshops that can be moved from place to place by means of overhead rails.. TRUE MITRE BT : JOINT TREAD SN : The junction of two timbers at right angles which BT : STEPS involves chamfers or mouldings meeting on a diagonal line RT : RISER and where the timbers meet on the 45 degree line of the SN : The horizontal surface of a step or stair. chamfer or moulding junction.

TREADMILL TRUMEAU UF : Treadwheel BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : MACHINERY RT : DOORWAY SN : A large wheel, often of timber construction, rotated SN : A vertical stone mullion or shaft situated in the centre of by the walking action of people or animals placed within it a wide doorway to support its lintel or tympanum. usually to provide a power source for another machine or device. TRUNKING BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS TREADMILL CRANE SN : A channel or casing containing and protecting wiring, UF : Treadwheel Crane piping etc. BT : CRANE SN : A crane operated by a treadmill turned by the walking TRUNK STEAM ENGINE action of men placed within it. BT : STEAM ENGINE SN : A steam engine in which the pistons are long relative to Treadwheel their diameters, and there are no piston rods and crossheads. USE : TREADMILL TRUSS Treadwheel Crane BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT USE : TREADMILL CRANE NT : AISLE TRUSS NT : BOWSTRING TRUSS TREFOIL PLAN NT : BOX FRAMED TRUSS BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN NT : CLOSED TRUSS SN : A plan featuring three foils or lobes radiating outwards NT : COMMON RAFTER TRUSS from a central point. NT : CRUCK NT : DOUBLE ARCH BRACED TRUSS TREFOIL WINDOW NT : FALSE HAMMER BEAM TRUSS BT : WINDOW NT : HAMMER BEAM TRUSS SN : A window in the form of a three-leafed clover. NT : KERB PRINCIPAL TRUSS NT : OPEN TRUSS TRENCHED PURLIN NT : POST AND RAFTER TRUSS NT : PRINCIPAL RAFTER TRUSS BT : THROUGH PURLIN NT : QUEEN POST TRUSS SN : A purlin that sits in a trench cut in the back of a principal NT : SAW TOOTH TRUSS rafter. NT : SCISSOR BRACED TRUSS NT : SECONDARY TRUSS TRIFORIUM NT : SPERE TRUSS BT : PASSAGE SN : A combination of timbers to form a frame placed at RT : BLIND ARCADE intervals and carrying the purlins. SN : An arcaded upper aisle, wall passage or blind arcade, usually occurring in large Romanesque or Gothic churches, T SHAPE PLAN above the aisle and below the clerestory. BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN SN : A building or structural plan shaped like a T. TRIGLYPH BT : FRIEZE TUDOR FLOWER BT : DORIC ORDER BT : FLORAL FEATURE SN : A grooved block placed in series, alternating with the SN : Decorative ornamentation in the form of an upright, metopes, in a Doric frieze. stalked trefoil used in Tudor architecture.

TRIMMER TUDOR ROSE UF : Trimmer Joist BT : FLORAL FEATURE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A decorative feature in the style of a formalized rose. NT : TUSCAN COLUMN NT : TUSCAN ENTABLATURE TUN SN : A biggest and plainest of the classical architectural BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT orders, based upon a simplified version of the Doric Order. SN : A casement, usually wooden, in a mill enclosing the Sometimes called the Gigantic order, though not to be grindstones and preventing the loss of ground material before confused with the Colossal or Giant Order. it is channelled into sacks. TWIST BALUSTER Tunnel Vault BT : BALUSTER USE : BARREL VAULT SN : A spirally turned baluster.

TURBINE Twisted Column BT : MACHINERY USE : SPIRAL COLUMN NT : GAS TURBINE NT : REACTION TURBINE TWO CENTRED ARCH NT : STEAM TURBINE BT : ARCH NT : WATER TURBINE SN : An arch formed around two arcs whose radii are each SN : A motor in which rotary motion is produced by motive equal to the span of the arch. power, usually of water, steam or gas, impinging directly on a series of vanes upon the circumference of a revolving cylinder TYMPANUM or disc. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : PEDIMENT TURNED BALUSTER SN : The face within a pediment, as enclosed by the cornices, BT : BALUSTER or the solid infill of an arch above an impost, sometimes SN : A baluster, circular in plan, turned and cut on a lathe. embellished with sculptural or relief ornament.

TURRET UNASSIGNED BT : TOWER NT : BURIAL PIT NT : BARTIZAN NT : FEATURE NT : BELVEDERE NT : LAYER NT : STAIR TURRET SN : This is the top term for the class. This class includes SN : A small tower, usually round or polygonal and attached terms with very broad definitions which could be assigned to a structure. When a separate building, treat as a to three or more classes. See UNASSIGNED Class List for monument. narrow terms.

TUSCAN ARCH UNDERCROFT BT : ARCH BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT : TUSCAN ORDER SN : An underground, or partially underground, vault or crypt SN : An arch of the Tuscan Order. beneath a church or other building.

TUSCAN BASE UNDERSHOT WHEEL BT : BASE BT : WATERWHEEL BT : TUSCAN ORDER NT : PONCELET WATERWHEEL SN : A base of the Tuscan Order, featuring a square plinth SN : A waterwheel where the inflow of water strikes the supporting a large torus with a fillet above. paddles, or floatboards, below the axis of the wheel.

TUSCAN CAPITAL UNIFLOW STEAM ENGINE BT : CAPITAL BT : STEAM ENGINE BT : TUSCAN ORDER SN : A steam engine in which steam flows in one direction SN : A capital of the Tuscan Order featuring a square abacus. only at each stroke, as opposed to the commoner contra-flow engines. TUSCAN COLUMN BT : COLUMN Uplong BT : TUSCAN ORDER USE : WHIP SN : A column of the Tuscan Order featuring a plain, unfluted shaft. UPPER CRUCK BT : CRUCK TUSCAN ENTABLATURE SN : A cruck with its feet sitting on a ceiling beam on the first BT : ENTABLATURE floor. BT : TUSCAN ORDER SN : An entablature of the Tuscan Order consisting of a UPRIGHT SHAFT plain architrave, frieze and cornice without decoration or BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT enrichments.. SN : The main vertical axle running through the centre of a mill. TUSCAN ORDER UF : Gigantic Order UPWARD BRACE BT : ORDER BT : BRACE NT : TUSCAN ARCH SN : A brace extending from a vertical to a higher horizontal NT : TUSCAN BASE timber. NT : TUSCAN CAPITAL BT : BUILDING COMPONENT U SHAPE PLAN SN : An open balcony or gallery extending along the outside BT : STRUCTURAL PLAN of a building, providing principal rooms with shade by means SN : A building or structural plan with a U shape. of a roof or canopy supported by posts or light columns.

UTILITY ROOM Verandah BT : ROOM USE : VERANDA RT : LAUNDRY ROOM SN : A room in which domestic appliances and facilities for VERGE RAFTER cleaning are stored. BT : RAFTER SN : A rafter set outside a gable to carry the roof beyond the Vacuum Engine wall face. USE : ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE VERTICAL STEAM ENGINE VAGRANTS WARD BT : STEAM ENGINE UF : Casual Ward NT : HYPOCYCLOID STEAM ENGINE BT : WARD SN : An engine in which a vertical piston rod supplies energy SN : A ward in a workhouse for vagrants via a crankshaft directly to the flywheel suspended above the cylinder. VALLEY RAFTER BT : RAFTER Vestibule SN : A rafter set diagonally where two sloping rooves meet. USE : LOBBY

VAT VESTRY BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT : ROOM RT : YORKSHIRE SQUARE SN : A room used in a church to store vestments and for the SN : A large tank or cask for storing or holding goods, clergy to dress in. whether liquid, such as chemicals or fermenting beer, or dry, often during a production process. VOLUTE UF : Volute Cushion VAULT BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A decorative, spiral scroll form, thought to have been NT : ANNULAR VAULT based upon the shape of a ram's horn, employed in consoles, NT : BARREL VAULT modillions, the capitals of orders such as the Ionic, Composite NT : CROSS VAULT and Corinthian etc.. NT : RIBBED VAULT RT : LIERNE Volute Cushion RT : WALL RIB USE : VOLUTE SN : A room or space with an arched ceiling or roof, the depth of which exceeds its span. VOUSSOIR BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT VAULT SPRINGER SN : A wedge shaped stone or brick forming part of an arch BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT or vault, with its radiating sides coinciding with the radii of that SN : The impost, or point at which a vault rests upon its arch. support, and from which it seems to spring. Hence the term describes the bottom stone of a vault, which lies on the V STRUT impost. BT : STRUT SN : One of a pair of inclined struts that meet at the bottom to VENETIAN WINDOW form a V shape. UF : Serliana UF : Palladian Window WAGON ROOF BT : WINDOW UF : Barrel Roof SN : A window with three openings, the central light being UF : Cradle Roof arched and wider than those flanking it. BT : ROOF SN : A roof consisting of a series of rafters and arch braces Venison Larder set closely together to give the appearance of a continuous, USE : GAME LARDER uninterrupted arch or curved plate.

VENT Wagon Vault BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT USE : BARREL VAULT SN : A gap which allows air to circulate. WAINSCOT VENTILATION SHAFT BT : PANELLING UF : Air Shaft SN : Wooden panelling, especially interior wall panelling that BT : BUILDING COMPONENT rises only to dado height. SN : A shaft constructed to allow the circulation of fresh air, into a mine, building etc. WAITING ROOM BT : ROOM VERANDA SN : A room provided for the use of people waiting for a UF : Verandah service, such as a train or bus service, or to see an individual such as a doctor or a dentist. When a dedicated structure, see Thesaurus of Monument Types. WALL RIB BT : RIB WALKING SPACE RT : VAULT BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE SN : An arched half-rib applied to the lateral wall surface in SN : A clear area in a church covered by the transepts and a vaulted bay, its function, rather than structural, being to crossing. complete the pattern of the vault's main ribs.

WALKWAY WALL SAFE BT : PASSAGE BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A metal safe built in to wall SN : A pedestrian passageway, often elevated, connecting two buildings or sections within a building. WARD BT : DORMITORY WALL NT : FEVER WARD UF : Analemma NT : ISOLATION WARD BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : PROBATIONARY WARD NT : CURTAIN WALL NT : VAGRANTS WARD NT : DADO (WALL) SN : A room, usually in a hospital, in which a number of beds NT : PARTITION WALL are located. NT : PLINTH (WALL) SN : A structure, usually of brick, stone or timber, that WARDROBE encloses or defines a space or room. UF : Garderobe (Wardrobe) BT : CUPBOARD Wall Arcade BT : STOREROOM USE : BLIND ARCADE SN : A room or cupboard usually used for the storage of garments. WALL CRANE UF : Jigger Warm Bath BT : CRANE USE : TEPIDARIUM SN : A wall mounted, hydraulically operated crane or winch, sometimes used to operate lifts. WARMING ROOM UF : Calefactory WALLOWER BT : INTERNAL AREA OR SPACE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A heated room within a monastery where monks could SN : The first driven gearwheel on the vertical shaft within a warm themselves. corn mill which meshes with the brake wheel in a windmill, or the pit wheel in a watermill. WASHING ROOM BT : ROOM WALL PAINTING NT : BATHROOM BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES NT : LAVATORY NT : FRESCO NT : PRIVY RT : CEILING PAINTING NT : TOILET SN : A two dimensional image using paint applied to the SN : A room intended for, and usually equipped to aid, the surface of a wall. performance of ablutions.

WALLPAPER WATER BALANCE ENGINE BT : DECORATIVE FEATURES BT : MACHINERY SN : Paper, often decorated with a printed pattern, painted or SN : A device for hoisting, or operating pumps, using water embossed design, and usually provided in rolls and used to displacement as a lifting and balancing medium. line the interior walls of a building for decorative purposes. WATER FILTRATION UNIT WALL PASSAGE BT : MACHINERY BT : PASSAGE SN : A plant used to sterilize water for use in public bathing SN : A passage constructed within the thickness of a wall. establishments, not to be confused with desaliation or purification units for drinking water. Wallplate USE : WALL PLATE WATER FRAME BT : SPINNING MACHINE WALL PLATE NT : THROSTLE FRAME UF : Wallplate SN : A machine used for spinning cotton powered by water. BT : PLATE NT : AISLE PLATE WATER LEAF CAPITAL SN : A longitudinal timber set on top of a timber frame, brick BT : CAPITAL or masonry wall on which roof-trusses or rafters rest. SN : A late 12th Century capital featuring large, unribbed leaves growing outwards from each angle before curving up WALL POST towards the abacus and turning inwards at the top. BT : POST SN : A post, usually carrying a tiebeam, which forms part of a WATER PUMP wall in a timber framed building. BT : PUMP NT : AQUA THRUSTER PUMP SN : A pump used to move water. WEIGHBRIDGE BT : WEIGHING MACHINE WATER PURIFICATION UNIT SN : A platform scale set within, and flush with the surface of, BT : MACHINERY a roadway, for weighing vehicles, cattle etc. SN : A machine used for the purification of water, usually for drinking purposes. WEIGHING MACHINE BT : MACHINERY WATER RETURNING ENGINE NT : WEIGHBRIDGE BT : STEAM ENGINE SN : A machine used for weighing objects. SN : A steam engine, often used in the 18th century, which drove a pump to return water back to a waterwheel so that it WESTWORK could be used over and over again. BT : BUILDING COMPONENT SN : The west end of a church made up of a tower, entrance WATER SPOUT hall and upper room, usually with an altar. BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : GUTTER Wheel Shaft SN : A pipe or channel to carry water outwards from a gutter USE : WATERWHEEL SHAFT or behind a parapet. If decorated with grotesque heads it is called a gargoyle. WHEEL WINDOW BT : WINDOW WATER TABLE SN : A circular window with tracery or shafts radiating from BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT the centre. SN : An inclined course on top of a projecting sill, cornice etc., designed to throw off rainwater. WHIP UF : Uplong WATER TANK UF : Sail Back BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A tank used for the storage of water, usually found as SN : The principal longitudinal member or spine of a windmill part of an institution like a workhouse or hospital complex sail, extending from the stock and supporting the sailbars.

WATER TURBINE WICKET BT : TURBINE BT : DOOR NT : FOURNEYRON WATER TURBINE SN : A small hinged opening within a large door. NT : FRANCIS WATER TURBINE NT : JONVAL WATER TURBINE WILLANS CENTRE VALVE STEAM ENGINE NT : PONCELET WATER TURBINE UF : Centre Valve Steam Engine NT : THOMSON WATER TURBINE BT : COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE SN : A prime mover in which a central wheel with curved SN : A high speed, single acting compound steam engine vanes, enclosed in a chamber, receives water directed onto with centrally placed piston valves controlling the distribution the curved vanes by a ring of fixed guide vanes, causing the of steam. wheel to rotate about its axis. WIND BRACE WATERWHEEL BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT BT : MACHINERY SN : A diagonal or arched member placed across rafters to NT : BREASTSHOT WHEEL stiffen and support a roof structure. NT : OVERSHOT WHEEL NT : PITCHBACK WHEEL WIND ENGINE NT : UNDERSHOT WHEEL SN : A wheel turned by water to generate mechanical power. BT : MACHINERY SN : A simple, wind-driven water pump, also known as a WATERWHEEL SHAFT windpump. UF : Wheel Shaft WINDER STAIRCASE UF : Mill Shaft UF : King Pin BT : STAIRCASE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : A staircase that rises through only one storey and has SN : The large main axle on which a waterwheel, which turns treads and risers framed into square studs, one of them often the shaft, and a pitwheel are mounted. on one side of a door-frame; it usually occupies a rectangular space. WEATHERBOARD WINDING ENGINE BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : WEATHERBOARDING BT : MACHINERY SN : A piece of cladding in the form of a length of timber fixed SN : An engine used for directly winding up coal from deep horizontally to the building. mines, dating from the 18th century.

WEATHERBOARDING WINDOW BT : CLADDING BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT RT : WEATHERBOARD NT : BAY WINDOW SN : An external wall cladding consisting of overlapping NT : BOW WINDOW horizontal boards. NT : BULLSEYE WINDOW NT : CASEMENT WINDOW NT : CROSS WINDOW NT : DORMER WINDOW WOMENS POOL NT : FANLIGHT BT : SWIMMING POOL NT : FIRE WINDOW SN : A swimming pool restricted to the use of females only. NT : LACED WINDOW NT : LANCET WINDOW WOOLF COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE NT : LOWSIDE WINDOW BT : COMPOUND STEAM ENGINE NT : LUCARNE SN : A beam steam engine, reciprocating or rotative, powered NT : MULLIONED WINDOW by two steam cylinders side by side. NT : NORTH LIGHT NT : OCULUS WORK ROOM NT : ORIEL WINDOW NT : PIERCED WINDOW BT : ROOM NT : QUATREFOIL WINDOW SN : Room in a building or complex, such as a workhouse, in NT : ROSE WINDOW which work is carried out. NT : SASH WINDOW NT : TRACERIED HEAD WINDOW YOKE NT : TREFOIL WINDOW BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT NT : VENETIAN WINDOW SN : A short timber linking two pieces of timber. NT : WHEEL WINDOW RT : AEDICULE (FRAME) YORKSHIRE SQUARE RT : APRON BT : FIXTURES AND FITTINGS RT : CAME RT : VAT RT : LIGHT SN : Specialised fermenting vessel consisting of a two-storey RT : WINDOW LINTEL system consisting of a shallow chamber approximately 2m RT : QUARRY high above which is a walled deck. RT : SADDLE BAR RT : STANCHION Zigzag Moulding RT : GLAZING BAR USE : CHEVRON MOULDING SN : An opening in a wall, roof, door, etc to allow light to enter. Usually used to include all component parts.

WINDOW LINTEL BT : LINTEL RT : WINDOW SN : A lintel over a window.

WINDSHAFT BT : STRUCTURAL COMPONENT SN : The main axle projecting through the front of a windmill on which the sails are mounted.

WING BT : PLAN COMPONENT NT : CHAMBER BLOCK NT : CROSS WING NT : SERVICE WING SN : A part of a building joined to the core of the structure and at an angle to it.

Winter Parlour USE : PARLOUR

WIPER LOOM BT : LOOM SN : An early power loom in which the shedding actions of the machine were controlled by tappets, or wipers, which received their motion from a rotating cam shaft positioned at one side of the loom.

WIRE MACHINE BT : SIFTER SN : A mechanical device, used in a corn mill, that separates bran from meal to produce a whiter flour.

Withdrawing Chamber USE : DRAWING ROOM

Withdrawing Room USE : DRAWING ROOM