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2013 Community Health Assessment

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2013 Community Health Assessment Greater Bridgeport, CT Community Health Assessment April 2013 Submitted to: The Primary Care Action Group TABLE OF CONTENTS OVERVIEW AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................... I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ III INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 1 OVERVIEW ....................................................................................................................................... 1 ADVISORY STRUCTURE AND PROCESS .............................................................................................. 2 METHODS................................................................................................................................................ 3 SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH FRAMEWORK ........................................................................... 3 DATA COLLECTION METHODS .......................................................................................................... 4 Quantitative Data: Reviewing Existing Secondary Data ................................................................ 4 Community Survey ...................................................................................................................... 4 Qualitative Data: Focus Groups and Interviews ........................................................................... 6 Analyses...................................................................................................................................... 6 Limitations .................................................................................................................................. 7 FINDINGS ................................................................................................................................................ 8 DEMOGRAPHICS .............................................................................................................................. 8 Population .................................................................................................................................. 8 Age Distribution .......................................................................................................................... 9 Racial and Ethnic Diversity ........................................................................................................ 10 SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT........................................................................................... 11 Income and Poverty .................................................................................................................. 11 Employment ............................................................................................................................. 14 Educational Attainment ............................................................................................................ 16 Urbanicity ................................................................................................................................. 19 Housing .................................................................................................................................... 19 Transportation .......................................................................................................................... 21 Crime and Violence ................................................................................................................... 22 Social Support and Cohesion ..................................................................................................... 24 Access to Healthy Foods and Recreation ................................................................................... 25 Environmental Quality .............................................................................................................. 27 HEALTH BEHAVIORS ....................................................................................................................... 30 Healthy Eating, Physical Activity, and Overweight/Obesity ........................................................ 30 Substance Use and Abuse (Alcohol, Tobacco, and Illegal Drugs) ................................................ 35 HEALTH OUTCOMES ....................................................................................................................... 42 Perceived Community and Individual Health Status................................................................... 42 Leading Causes of Death and Hospitalization ............................................................................ 45 Chronic Disease ........................................................................................................................ 47 Cancer ...................................................................................................................................... 51 Mental Health ........................................................................................................................... 54 Oral Health ............................................................................................................................... 58 Maternal and Child Health ........................................................................................................ 59 Infectious Diseases.................................................................................................................... 62 HEALTHCARE ACCESS AND UTILIZATION ......................................................................................... 65 Resources and Use of Health Care Services ............................................................................... 65 Challenges to Accessing Health Care Services ............................................................................ 67 Quality of Care .......................................................................................................................... 73 Health Information Seeking....................................................................................................... 74 COMMUNITY STRENGTHS .............................................................................................................. 74 Health Care Services and Providers ........................................................................................... 74 Greater Bridgeport, CT Community Health Assessment | April 2013 Recreational Facilities ............................................................................................................... 74 Strong Social Services and Organizations ................................................................................... 75 Growing Collaboration and Emerging Leadership ...................................................................... 75 VISION FOR THE FUTURE ................................................................................................................ 75 More Marketing of Existing Services ......................................................................................... 77 More Health Education ............................................................................................................. 78 Support Services for Youth, Elderly, and Other Vulnerable Populations ..................................... 78 More Mental Health Services .................................................................................................... 79 Enhanced Environment to Support Health ................................................................................ 79 Focus on Prevention ................................................................................................................. 79 Greater Collaboration between Hospitals and Community Care ................................................ 79 More Community-Based Delivery of Programs and Greater Involvement of Community Institutions ............................................................................................................................... 80 More Communication and Coordination about Patient Care ..................................................... 80 Enhanced Involvement of the Public ......................................................................................... 80 Improvements in the Economy ................................................................................................. 81 KEY THEMES AND CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................... 81 APPENDIX A: PRIMARY CARE ACTION GROUP MEMBERS ...................................................................... 83 APPENDIX B: SURVEY RESULTS BY TOWN FOR TOP PERSONAL AND COMMUNITY HEALTH CONCERNS . 84 APPENDIX C: SURVEY RESULTS BY TOWN FOR TOP PRIORITY AREAS ..................................................... 85 Greater Bridgeport, CT Community Health Assessment | April 2013 OVERVIEW AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Over an eight month period from June 2012 to February 2013, the Primary Care Action Group (membership list on next page) led a process to assess the health needs of the greater Bridgeport community. The towns included in the assessment included Bridgeport, Easton, Fairfield, Monroe, Trumbull, and Stratford. The overall goal of the initiative was to conduct
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