Polymer Chemistry Sem-6, Dse-B3 Part-3, Ppt-3
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
United States Patent (19) (11) 4,161,455 Wason 45) Jul
United States Patent (19) (11) 4,161,455 Wason 45) Jul. 17, 1979 (54) NOVEL PRECIPITATED SILICEOUS 57 ABSTRACT PRODUCTS AND METHODS FORTHER A method for producing a precipitated silicon dioxide USE AND PRODUCTION having a new combination of physical and chemical Satish K. Wason, Havre de Grace, properties is disclosed. The pigments are produced by 75 Inventor: acidulating a solution of an alkali metal silicate with an Md. acid under controlled precipitation conditions. The 73) Assignee: J. M. Huber Corporation, Locust, aqueous reaction medium comprising the precipitated N.J. silica is then post-conditioned by introducing a second silicate solution into the reaction vessel and thereafter 21) Appl. No.: 911,003 adding additional acid to react with the said second 22 Filed: May 30, 1978 silicate solution. By varying the amount of the silicate employed in the post-conditioning step, a product is Related U.S. Application Data obtained which has a unique combination of physical and chemical properties including reduced wet cake 60) Continuation of Ser. No. 796,913, is a division of Ser. moisture content, high surface areas and oil absorptions, No. 557,707, Mar. 12, 1975, abandoned. improved surface activity, friability, wetting character (51) Int. Cl’............................................... C11D 3/08 istics, and the like. The product has particular utility for (52) U.S. C. ............................... 252/174.25; 252/135; use as a rubber reinforcing agent because of its in 252/140; 106/288 B; 423/339 creased surface activity and oil absorption, etc. The (58) Field of Search ......................... 252/89, 135, 140; product, however, may be used in paints, paper, deter 423/339; 106/288B gents, dentifrice compositions, molecular sieves, and polymeric compositions. -
TECH Tire Repair Chemicals for Best Results, Tech Nail Hole Repairs Should Be Used with These Tech Chemical Products
epair orld Leader in Tire R The W TECH INTERNATIONAL TIRE REPAIR CATALOG www.techtirerepairs.com TRUST TECH Table of Contents TIRE REPAIR PRODUCTS & REPAIR CHARTS Pages 3 – 25 Uni-Seal Ultra Repairs . 3 – 4 Uni-Seal 2-piece Stems & Repairs . 5 – 7 Centech Radial Repairs for Shoulder Injuries . 6 Radial Section Repairs . 8 – 10 Bias Ply Tire Repairs. 11 – 13 Radial OTR Repairs . 14 – 18 Tech Off Road (TOR) Bias Repairs . 19 – 21 Repair Rubber and Chemicals . 22 – 24 2-Way Tube Repairs & All-Purpose Repairs. 25 NAILHOLE INSERTS & REPAIR KITS Pages 26 – 28 Permacure Repairs & Kits . 26 Flow-Seal Inserts & Self-Vulcanizing Repairs . 27 Repair Kits . 28 CABINETS & REPAIR TOOLS Pages 29 – 31 Cabinets & Tool Stations. 29 Hand Tools and Knives, Extruder Guns . 30 – 31 & Branding Irons PRODUCT PAGES Pages 32 – 33 Tire Inspection & Marking Tools . 32 – 33 Anti-Seize Compound. 33 SAFETY, PROTECTION & HAND CLEANING PRODUCTS Page 34 AIR TOOLS & ACCESSORIES Pages 35 – 41 Drills, Buffers & Air Hammers . 35 Cutters, Burrs, Grinding Stones, Wheels & Rasps . 36 – 39, 41 Wire Brushes, Buffing Stones. 40 Gouges & Cut-Off Wheels . 41 MONAFLEX VULCANIZING EQUIPMENT & SPOTTERS Pages 42 – 47 TIRE & WHEEL SERVICE LUBRICANTS Pages 48 – 49 TIRE IDENTIFICATION Page 50 Radio Frequency Identification Data Tags (RFID) . 50 Tire Identification Logos . 50 TIRE SPREADERS Page 51 Tech International Tire Repair Catalog TIRE BALANCING & SEALANT PRODUCTS Pages 52 – 53 Balance Pads, Tools & Chemicals . 52 Balancing Compound & Tire Sealant . 53 TPMS SOLUTIONS Pages 54 – 57 VALVES & VALVE HARDWARE Pages 58 – 73 AIR SERVICE PRODUCTS Pages 74 – 78 Gauges . 74 Automatic Tire Inflators. 76 Chucks & Chuck Repair Kits. -
Fracture of Polycarbonate/Abs Blends
FRACTURE OF POLYCARBONATE/ABS BLENDS PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit Twente, op gezag van de rector magnificus, prof. dr. F.A. van Vught, volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties in het openbaar te verdedigen op vrijdag 27 april 2001 om 13.15 uur door Judith Pouwlien Frederika Inberg geboren op 27 juli 1972 te Britswerd Dit proefschrift is goedgekeurd door de promotor: Prof. L.C.E. Struik en de assistent-promotor: Dr. R.J. Gaymans ".... Het voornaamste probleem met die Tijdbesparingsobsessie ligt heel eenvoudig: tijd kun je niet besparen. Je kunt hem alleen besteden." Benjamin Hoff, in Tao van Poeh Fracture of polycarbonate/ABS blends J.P.F. Inberg Thesis, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands April 2001 ISBN 90 365 1553x Cover: TEM picture of deformation zone ahead of an arrested crack in a co-continuous polycarbonate/ABS blend Ó J.P.F. Inberg Printed by: Grafisch Centrum Twente, Enschede Voorwoord Met dit proefschrift sluit ik mijn tijd binnen de onderzoeksgroep 'Synthese en Technologie van Engineering Plastics' (STEP) af, en komt er tevens een einde aan mijn tijd in Enschede. Het schrijven van een proefschrift mag dan een wat eenzaam karwei zijn, velen hebben bijgedragen aan het tot stand komen van dit proefschrift, waarvoor allen dank. Een aantal van hen wil ik hier met name noemen. Mijn mentor Reinoud Gaymans, voor het bieden van de mogelijkheid te promoveren binnen een gezellige groep, en de begeleiding van de afgelopen 4 jaar. Mijn promotor Professor Struik, voor de kritische maar altijd bijzonder waardevolle opmerkingen en aanwijzingen. -
Synthesis and Characterization of Liquid Natural Rubber As Impact Modifier for Epoxy Resin
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Physics Procedia 55 ( 2014 ) 129 – 137 Eight International Conference on Material Sciences (CSM8-ISM5) Synthesis And Characterization Of Liquid Natural Rubber As Impact Modifier For Epoxy Resin A.B. BEN SALEHa, Z.A. MOHD ISHAKb, A. S. HASHIMb, W.A. KAMILc, U.S. ISHIAKUd Faculty of education, Misurata University,Misurata, Libyaa, School of Material and Mineral Resourcesb School of Chemical Sciencec Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-kud Kyoto 606-8585, Japan Abstract Liquid natural rubber (LNR) with a molecular weight CMn =16×103 was prepared by the depolymerization of deproteinized natural rubber latex (DPNR). The liquid natural rubber (LNR) was characterized by FTIR and H’NMR spectroscopic analysis. LNR was premixed with the epoxy resin (EP) and cured with a diamine curing agent for 1 h at 100 °C and post cured at 110 °C, for 2 h in air oven. The modified EP containing different contents of LNR (5, 10, 15 and 20 phr) were evaluated. Thermal, mechanical and morphology properties were determined. The fracture toughness (KIC) of both unmodified and modified EPs were determined on static loaded single edge notched (SEN-B) specimens at room temperature. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the modified EPs were decreased with increasing LNR content. The strengths and modulus of EPs were slightly reduced with the incorporation of LNR. The effect was also reflected in the significant increase in the tensile strain of modified EP. Fracture toughness of the EP was observed to increase with the presence of LNR. -
Modern Rubber Chemicals, Compounds and Rubber Goods Technology
MODERN RUBBER CHEMICALS, COMPOUNDS AND RUBBER GOODS TECHNOLOGY Click to enlarge DescriptionAdditional ImagesReviews (0)Related Books The book covers Natural Rubber, Basic Concepts of Synthetic Rubber, Styrene Butadiene Rubber, Polybutadiene, Polychloroprene and Polyisoprene Rubbers, Butyl and Nitrile Rubber, Miscellaneous Rubbers, Latex Product Manufacturing Technology, Foam Products Manufacturing Technology, Plasticisers, Factice and Blowing Agents, Moulding and Finishing of Rubber Components, Compounding Ingredients and Compound Design, Footwear Technology, Conveyor Belt Technology, V-Belt and Fan Belt Manufacturing Technology, Hose Technology, Rubber Sports Goods Manufacturing Technology, Cable Technology, Rubber-To-Metal Bonding Components, Rubber-Covered Rolls, Sealing Technology, Nitrile Rubber and Its Application in Construction Industry, Rubber-Resin Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Tape Technology, Test Methods in Rubber Industry, Recycling of Wastes from Rubbers and Plastics. MODERN RUBBER CHEMICALS, COMPOUNDS AND RUBBER GOODS TECHNOLOGY NATURAL RUBBER Introduction Sources and the Plantation Economy Tapping of Natural Rubber (NR) Latex Recovery of Natural Rubber from Latex Coagulation, Processing of the Coagulate, Sheets, and Crepe Smoked Sheets Pale Crepe Special Grades Oil Extended Natural Rubber (OE-NR) Deproteinated Natural Rubber (DP/NR) Heveaplus MG Grades Epoxidised Natural Rubber (ENR) Thermoplastic NR Depolymerised NR Powdered or Particulate NR Peptised NR Classification of Hevea Rubber (TSR) Technically Classified NR (TC) -
Toughening Behaviour of Rubber-Modified Thermoplastic Polymers Involving Very Small Rubber Particles: 1
Toughening behaviour of rubber-modified thermoplastic polymers involving very small rubber particles: 1. A criterion for internal rubber cavitation D. Dompas and G. Groeninckx* Catholic University of Leuven, Laboratory of Macrornolecular Structural Chemistry, Celestijnenlaan 20OF, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium (Received 26 January 1994) The criteria for internal cavitation of rubber particles have been evaluated. It is shown that internal rubber cavitation can be considered as an energy balance between the strain energy relieved by cavitation and the surface energy associated with the generation of a new surface. The model predicts that there exists a critical particle size for cavitation. Very small particles (100-200nm) are not able to cavitate. This critical-particle-size concept explains the decrease in toughening efficiency in different rubber-modified systems involving very small particles. (Keywords: rubber toughening; particle size; rubber cavitation) INTRODUCTION and associated matrix shear yielding is found in rubber-modified PC ~-7, PVC a-x°, poly(butylene tere- Many glassy polymers are brittle. For structural applica- phthalate (PBT) 11, nylon.612-1 s, nylon_6,616 and epoxy tions, this is clearly unwanted and it is well known that systems17 20. The matrix polymers in these rubber- the impact properties can be improved by the incorpora- modified systems are either crosslinked or have a high tion of a dispersed elastomeric phase Lz. The mechanism entanglement density, thus being polymers for which the by which the toughness is enhanced depends on the crazing mechanism is suppressed 21. This is not to say intrinsic ductility of the matrix material and on the that rubber cavitation can only appear in high-entangle- morphology of the blends 3. -
Sumitomo Rubber Produces Truck, Motorcycle and Automobile Tires and Is Located at 10 Sheridan Drive in the Town of Tonawanda, Erie County
Facility DEC ID: 9146400030 PERMIT Under the Environmental Conservation Law (ECL) IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION Permit Type: Air Title V Facility Permit ID: 9-1464-00030/00199 Effective Date: 01/23/2018 Expiration Date: 01/22/2023 Permit Issued To:SUMITOMO RUBBER USA, LLC PO BOX 1109 BUFFALO, NY 14240-1109 Contact: MARK R CRAFT SUMITOMO RUBBER USA LLC PO BOX 1109 BUFFALO, NY 14240-1109 (716) 879-8497 Facility: SUMITOMO RUBBER USA LLC 10 Sheridan Dr Tonawanda, NY 14150 Contact: MARK R CRAFT SUMITOMO RUBBER USA, LLC PO BOX 1109 BUFFALO, NY 14240-1109 (716) 879-8497 Description: Sumitomo Rubber produces truck, motorcycle and automobile tires and is located at 10 Sheridan Drive in the Town of Tonawanda, Erie County. The ownership changed from Goodyear Dunlop Tires North America, Ltd. to Sumitomo Rubber USA, LLC during the first half of 2016, and the facility is now called Sumitomo Rubber. The facility produces about 12,000 tires a day. The facility consists of 1.9 million square feet of manufacturing and warehousing on 130+ acres of land. This permit includes a multiyear project to increase production. The facility mixes all the ingredients together to make rubber, extrudes rubbers into shapes, combines metal and fabric into rubber strips (calendaring), assembles tires, vulcanizes and cures tires, shapes finished tires, and performs quality assurance and quality control on the final products which are then stored in a large warehouse on site. Five boilers generate process steam and heat at for the facility. Four boilers are dual fuel, natural gas and residual oil. One boiler burns only natural gas. -
Modelling the Evolution of Tyre Performance in a Motorsport Application Analysis of Effects on Vehicle Performance in a Real-Time Simulation Environment
Modelling the Evolution of Tyre Performance in a Motorsport Application Analysis of Effects on Vehicle Performance in a Real-Time Simulation Environment Master’s thesis in Automotive Engineering Håkan Richardson Department of Applied Mechanics CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Gothenburg, Sweden 2017 Acknowledgment This thesis was made possible by Cyan Racing through guidance by Mikael Mohlin, organisation by Erik Olofsson, track support from Per Blomberg and simulator support from Christoffer Routledge, but also valuable input from the entire engineering staff. Having the opportunity to utilise the simulator facility in collaboration with their driver, Nicky Catsburg, offered an extraordinary way to evaluate the model and discuss subjective aspects of tyre performance. Chalmers University of Technology have provided a robust academic framework with Bengt Jacobson as examiner and Anton Albinsson as supervisor. This has been a valuable source of knowledge and a great forum for discussing modelling challenges. MASTER’S THESIS IN AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING Modelling the Evolution of Tyre Performance in a Motorsport Application Analysis of Effects on Vehicle Performance in a Real-Time Simulation Environment Håkan Richardson Department of Applied Mechanics Division of Vehicle Engineering and Autonomous Systems Vehicle Dynamics group CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Göteborg, Sweden 2017 Modelling the Evolution of Tyre Performance in a Motorsport Application Analysis of Effects on Vehicle Performance in a Real-Time Simulation Environment Håkan -
Tech International Tire Repair Catalog
The World Leader in Tire Repair The World TECH INTERNATIONAL TIRE REPAIR CATALOG www.techtirerepairs.com TRUST TECH Table of Contents TIRE REPAIR PRODUCTS & REPAIR CHARTS Pages 3 – 25 Uni-Seal Ultra Repairs . 3 – 4 Uni-Seal 2-piece Stems & Repairs . 5 – 7 Centech Radial Repairs for Shoulder Injuries . 6 Radial Section Repairs . 8 – 10 Bias Ply Tire Repairs. 11 – 13 Radial OTR Repairs . 14 – 18 Tech Off Road (TOR) Bias Repairs . 19 – 21 Repair Rubber and Chemicals . 22 – 24 2-Way Tube Repairs & All-Purpose Repairs. 25 NAILHOLE INSERTS & REPAIR KITS Pages 26 – 28 Permacure Repairs & Kits . 26 Flow-Seal Inserts & Self-Vulcanizing Repairs . 27 Repair Kits . 28 CABINETS & REPAIR TOOLS Pages 29 – 31, 113 Cabinets & Tool Stations. 29 Hand Tools and Knives, Extruder Guns & Branding Irons . 30 – 31 Regroovers, Blades & Accessories. 113 PRODUCT PAGES Pages 32 – 33 Tire Inspection & Marking Tools . 32 – 33 Anti-Seize Compound. 33 SAFETY, PROTECTION & HAND CLEANING PRODUCTS Page 34 AIR TOOLS & ACCESSORIES Pages 35 – 41 Drills, Buffers & Air Hammers . 35 Cutters, Burrs, Grinding Stones, Wheels & Rasps . 36 – 39, 41 Wire Brushes, Buffing Stones. 40 Gouges & Cut-Off Wheels . 41 MONAFLEX VULCANIZING EQUIPMENT & SPOTTERS Pages 42 – 47 TIRE & WHEEL SERVICE LUBRICANTS Pages 48 – 49 TIRE IDENTIFICATION Page 50 Radio Frequency Identification Data Tags (RFID) . 50 Tire Identification Logos . 50 TIRE SPREADERS Page 51 Tech International Tire Repair Catalog TIRE BALANCING & SEALANT PRODUCTS Pages 52 – 53 Balance Pads, Tools & Chemicals . 52 Balancing Compound & Tire Sealant . 53 TPMS SOLUTIONS Pages 54 – 57 VALVES & VALVE HARDWARE Pages 58 – 73 AIR SERVICE PRODUCTS Pages 74 – 78 Gauges . 74 Automatic Tire Inflators. -
And Micromechanics of Polymers
Sample Pages Goerg H. Michler, Francisco J. Baltá-Calleja Nano- and Micromechanics of Polymers Structure Modification and Improvement of Properties ISBN: 978-3-446-42767-9 For further information and order see http://www.hanser.de/978-3-446-42767-9 or contact your bookseller. © Carl Hanser Verlag, München 4 4 Crazing 4.1 The Phenomenon of „Craze“ As mentioned in the previous chapter, plastic deformation of polymers is a heterogeneous process, concentrated in local zones. Local plastic processes appear in form of shear bands, void formation with fibrillation, inter- and intra- spherulitic deformation, and formation of crazes. Crazing has been inten sively investigated over the last 60 years, with major reviews appearing regularly [1−8]. It is usually assumed that crazes are typical of amorphous, glassy polymers, such as PS, SAN, and PMMA, which are brittle at room temperature with elongation at break of a few percent. The reason is that crazes are visible in the amorphous, glassy polymers during mechanical loading with the eye in reflected light (see Fig. 4.1). Their macroscopic appearance of cracks left these zones with the name of craze. “Craze” is an old English word for hairline crack. Synonyms include “craquele” (from the pattern of cracks in the glaze of porcelain (china) or pottery, microcracks and “silver cracks” (from the Russian name). FIGURE 4.1 Tensile bars after loading in overview (left) and low optical magnifications of the bars (right); a) polystyrene; b) poly(methylmethacrylate) 120 4 Crazing Several crack-like zones The formation of crack-like zones in brittle materials under stress is a very general phenomenon, which is observed in very different materials: Inorganic glasses are typical examples of amorphous brittle materials with very fast crack propagation. -
Energy Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge
Energy Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 THE U.S. GOVERNMENT SYNTHETIC RUBBER PROGRAM 1941-1955 An Examination in Search of Lessons For Current Energy Technology Commercialization Projects by Paul R. Samuelson Working Paper MIT-EL 76-027WP November, 1976 PREPARED FOR THE UNITED STATES ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION Under Contract No. E(49-18) 2295 Task Order 6 "This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States government. Neither the United States nor the United States ERDA, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights." i PREFACE This paper was written as a background paper in support of the M.I.T. Energy Policy Study Group's report, "Government Support for the Commerciali- zation of New Energy Technologies; An Analysis and Exploration of the Issues" (M.I.T. Energy Laboratory Report MIT-EL 76-009, October, 1976). Like the other background papers, it examines a specific government program, historical or current, to draw lessons for present energy policies. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE . * . i ii TABLE OF CONTENTS .................... * . ii 1. THE ESSENTIAL FACTS ABOUT THE SYNTHETIC RUBBER PROGRAM * . 3 2. GOAL FORMULATION . * . 9 3. IMPLEMENTATION ................... 12 4. FINANCING SCHEMES AND COST ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES . 16 5. INCENTIVE SCHEMES TO ENCOURAGE OPERATING EFFICIENCY AND SALE OF PLANTS ................. 18 6. -
New Joint Sealants. Criteria, Design and Materials
DOCUMENT RESUME EF 002 627 ED 028 602 New Joint Sealants. Criteria,Design and Materials. Budding kesearch Inst., inc.,Washington. D.C. Report No- BR I PUB -1006 Pub Date 62 Note-252p.; Report of a program held as partof the BRI SpringConference, 1962 Institute,1725 De SalesStreet, N. Available from-ExecutiveVice-President,Building Research Washington, D. C. (S12.00). EDRS Price MF-S1.00 HC-S12.70 Construction (Process),Criteria. Design. Descriptors -*Adhesives, ArchitecturalElements, *Building Materials, Glass, *Glossaries, *Sealers,*Specifications (2) sealing glassand metal joints, Contents include--(1) sealingconcrete joints, (4) a theory of (3) metal and glass jointsealants from afabricator's viewpoint, (5) geometry ofsimple joint sealsunder strain, (6) joint adhesion for joint sealants, sealant requirements sealant specificationsfrom a manufacturer'sviewpoint, (7) joint (8) causes of jointsealant failures, (9)polysulfide joint from an applicator's viewpoint, (12) sealants, (10) silicone jointsealants, (11) pdlyethylenesealing compounds, compounds, and(14) epoxy joint polyurethane joint sealants,(13) butyl sealing of terms for sealants. A review ofspecifications for sealants,and a glossary adhesives, cdatings, andsealants are also included.(RH) 1. 5.02, '-w7"N7,,'Invw;1,741r4577-17,7f7.715,71T17777-0,,,,zwr,!,vp , ^ sre. 0', WI' AA,. 41, U 2. 8 6 Crr imareoresibb .140,P4CWHIMAIMMILINOOMMIA Building Research Institute Board of Directors 1962-63 OFFICERS President and Chairman of Executive Committee LEON CHATELAIN, JR. FAIA Chatelain, Gauger & Nolan Vice President and Vice Chairman of Executive Committee OTTO L. NELSON, JR; Vice President for Housing New York Life Insurance Company Vice President Secretary Treasurer PETER B. GORDON MILTON C. COON, JR. GRAYSON GILL Vice President Executive Vice President President Wolff and Munier, Inc.