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Some Neo-Assyrian Provincial Administrators by Ali

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SOME NEO-ASSYRIAN PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATORS BY ALI YASEEN ALMAD A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philo­ sophy in the University of London, School of Oriental and African Studies. 1984 ProQuest Number: 10673229 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10673229 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 4 8 1 0 6 - 1346 2 ABSTRACT Since there is no previous study of the precise role and function of Neo-Assyrian administrators this thesis first sets the background by defining the Assyrian 'homeland' ( Kernland ) and the expansion of provinces outwards from it- It examines the terminology used in this context as well as the methods of controlling newly acquired territories and their annexation into 4 the Neo-Assyrian provincial framework as reorganized by Tiglath-pileser III (Chapter I). The office of provincial-governor, the bel- pahete and sak-in-mati , is then examined in d e ta il (Chapter II), as are those of the subordinate officials, the rab-alani and sanu (Chapter I I I ). Full lists of all these officials, together with the place with which they were associated, are given in figures following each chapter as an aid to future research. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to acknowledge the encouragement and help of my supervisor Professor D.J.Wiseman who has p atien tly seen this project through to completion. The arguments, interpretations and conclusions, including any errors are my own. In addition, I thank Mr J.D.Hawkins and Miss T.J. Firbank for their teaching and Mr J.N.Postgate and A.R. Millard for their special advice on chapter II. Throughout my research and w riting I have owed much also to the friend­ ship, kindness, advice and stimulus ofProilJ.E .Wansbrough, Dr. M.Geller, Dr. R.G.Evans, Sue Rollin and Diana Driscoll. F inally, and most h e a r tfe lt, is the debt I owe to my wife Halimah M. Abdullah, whose patience during the years of absence from home in Iraq and whose fin a cia l support have alone made this work possible. Accordingly this thesis is dedicated to her and to my daughter Ishtar, who shared the long parting. 4 SOM I; NEO-ASSYRIAN PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATORS page Abstract 2 Acknowledgements 3 Contents 4 Abbreviations g Introduction -q I.Development of the Neo-Assyrian Provincial System -43 1.The definition of 'province' (pihatu/NA pahutU ) ^4 2. Subdivision of a province ' 45 3. The definition of the Assyrian 'homeland' -^g 4. Expansion beyond the homeland 21 5. Methods of co n tro llin g newly acquired te r r ito r ie s 27 6 . Historical survey of the development of other Neo-Assyrian provinces 54 II. The Provincial Administration 93 Ihe bel-pahete 1. Early references 93 2. Title of bel-pahete 99 3. P osition in the hierarchy 100 4. Function 105 The sakin-m'dti *■ y ^ 151 1. The reading of ame gakin -mat i (LU . GAR. KUR) 151 2. Early references 151 3. His role in the NA provincial administration 154 Problem of the in terrela tio n sh ip of the terms bel-pahete and GAR. KUR/GAE-nu 161 III.The Subordinate Officials of the Provincial Governors 223 i. The rab-'alani 223 1. T itle 223 2. Use of the designation rab-alani 224 3. The rab-alani in relation to other authorities 226 4. The function of the rab-alani 229 i i . The sanu 236 1. T itle 236 2. Position of sanu 237 3. The administrative function of the sanu 238 IV. Conclusions 255 Bibliography 2^g Lists of Figures in the text ✓ URIJ 1 NA references for URU.SE and kapru 17 2 The family of Arad-Ea (1173- 824 BC) 98 3 References to tax-collections by b'el-pahete 114- 4 • MA bel-pahete associated with GN 136 5 MB and Post-Kassite bel-pahete associated with GN 137 6 NA bel-pahete classified as limmu 139 7 officials associated with NA bel-pahetes 14-1 8 NA bel-pahete associated with or without GN 144 8* Unnamed NA bel-pahete associated with GN 14-7 9 NA sakin-mati qualified as bel-pahete 167 10 MA sakin-mati associated with GN and those 169 classified as limmu 11 MB and Post-Kassite 'sakin-mati associated with GN 171 V ' — 12 List of sakin-mati in correspondence with the king 1?2 and limmu also 13 NA sakin-mati classified as limmu and others 180 13* Unnamed NA sakin-mati associated with GN 138 14 Other NA provincial administrators as corresondents with the king V _ 1,5 NA geographical names associated with sakin-mati or bel-pahete 190 16 NA rab-alani associated with or without GN 234- V/ A 17 The sanu official associated with provincial governors and/or GN 24-6 Map 65 * 1 Chronological survey of the NA provinces 62 6 Abbrevia tions AB = E.Klauber, Assyrisches Beamtentum AbB = A.Ungnad, A1tbabylonische Briefe ABC = A.K.Grayson, Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles ABL = R.F.Harper, Assyrian and Babylonian Letters Abp - M.Streck, Assurbanipal und die letzten Assyrischen KUnige bis zum Untergang Niniveh1s ABZ = R.Borger, Assyrisch-Babylonische Zeichenliste ADB = C.H.W.Johns, Assyrian Doomsday Book • AfO = Archiv fUr Orientforschung AGS =J.A.Knudtzon, Assyrische Gebete an den Sonnengott AJSL = The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures AKA = E.A.W.Budge and L.W.King, Annals of the Kings o f Assyria ANET = J.B.Pritchard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament (3rd ed.) AnOr = Analecta Orientalia AnSt = Anatolian Studies AOFII= Altorientalische Forschungen AOMA = F.M.Labat, L’Armee et 1 'Organisation M ilitaire de 1 1Assyrie AOTU I— 11 = F.Schmidtke, Assarhaddon's Stadthalterschaft in Babylonien und seine Thronbesteigung in Assyrien 681 v . Chr~ APN « K.L.Talqvist, Assyrian Personal Names ARAB = D.D.Luckenbill, Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia ARI - A. K<Grayson, Assyrian Royal In scrip tion s I-II ARM = Archives Royales de Mari ARU = J.Kohler, A.Ungnad, Assyrische Rechtsurkunden Asarh. = R.Borger, Die Inschriften Asarhaddon s KUnigs von A ssyrien AT * D.J.Wiseman, The Alalakh Tablets BALAWAT = T.G.Pinches, The Bronze Ornaments o f the Palace Gates of Balawat BASOR= Bulletin of the American School of Oriental Research BBSt * L.W.King, Babylonian Boundary Stones and Memorial- Tablets in the British Museum BE » The Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania, Series A:Cuneiform Texts Bi.Mes.= Bibliotheca Mesopotamica 7 BIN = Babylonian Inscriptions in the Collection of J , B.Nies Bi.Or. = B ibliotheca O rien talis BM =* British Museum (Cuneiform Tablets etc. in the collection of the British Museum) CAD = The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the university of Cnicago ~ CAH = The Cambridge Ancient History (III Pt.3 rev.) CT = Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the B ritish Museum DOTT = D.W.Thomas (e d .), Documents from Old Testament Times EAK - R.Borger, Einleitung in die Assyrischen Kflnigs- inschriften ■ 1 ■ * EP = C .Saporetti, Gli Eponimi M ed io-assirici FNALD = J .N. P ostgate, F ifty Neo-Assyrian Legal Documents GAG * W.von Soden, Grundriss der Akkadischen Grammatik GN = geographical name GPA = J.N.Postgate, The Governor's Palace Archive GTWB = H.W.F.Saggs, The Greatness That Was Babylon HA = A.Olmstead, History of Assyria HSS = Harvard Sem itic Series HUCA - Hebrew Union C ollege Annual IAK = E.F.Weidner, E.Ebeling, Die Inschriften der alt- assyrisch en Kflnige IEJ = Israel Exploration Journal IM = Iraqi Museum JANES = Journal of the Ancient Near Eastern Society of Columbia U niversity J(9(A)S = Journal of the American Oriental Society JBL = Journal of Biblical Literature andExegesis JCS - Journal of Cuneiform Studies JESHO = Journal o f the Economic and Social History of the Orient JNES = Journal o f Near Eastern Studies JRAS = Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society JSOR = Journal of the Society of Oriental Research JSS = Journal of Semitic Studies JTS = Journal of Theological Studies K = Kouyunjik (Tablets in the Kouyunjik collection of the B ritish Museum) KAH I = L.Messerschmidt, Keilschrifttexte aus Assur Histo- rischen Inhalts I. KAH 11= O.Schroeder, Keilschrifttexte aus Assur Historischen Inhalts II K KAJ = E.Ebeling, Keilschrifttexte-aus Assur Juristischen Inhalts KAR = E.Ebeling, Keilschrifttexte aus Assur Religiflsen Inhalts KAV = O.Schroeder, Keilschrifttexte aus Assur Verschiede- nen Inhalts KBO = K e ilsc h r iftte x te aus Boghazkdy KUB = Keilschr if turkunden aus Boghazkfcly LAS = S.Parpola, Letters from Assyrian Scholars to the Kings Esarhaddon and AshurbanipaT Layard = A.H.Layard, Inscriptions in the Cuneiform Character from Assyria Lie,Sg.II = A.G.Lie, The Inscriptions of Sargon II, King of Assyria, Part 1:The Annals Lyon,Sg.II = D.G.Lyon, Keilschrifttexte Sargons,, Kflnigs von Assyrien MA = Middle Assyrian MAOG = Mitteilungen der A1torientalischen Gesellschaft MARV = F.Freydank, Mittelassyrische Rechtsurkunden und Verwaltungstexte I MB = Middle Babylonian MDDNA = B.Oded, Mass Deportation and Deportees in the Neo-Assyrian Empire MHOG ~ Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft MDP = Memoires de la D elegation en Perse MSL s Materialien zum Sumerischen Lexikon MTWA * H.W.F.Saggs, The Might That Was Assyria MVAG = Mitteilungen der Vorderasiatisch-Sgyptischen Gesellschaft NA = Neo-Assyrian NARGD = J .N.Postgate, Neo-Assyrian Royal Grants and Documents NAT = S.Parpola, Neo-Assyrian Toponyms NB = Neo-Babylonian NBN ® K.L.Tallqvist, Neubabylonisches Namenbuch ND = Nimrud Documents NL* = Nimrud Letters NWL = J .W.Kinnier-Wilson, The Nimrud Wine L ists OA = Old Assyrian OB = Old Babylonian obv.
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    AN ANALYSIS OF EGYPT'S FOREIGN POLICY DURING THE SAITE PERIOD by JULIEN BOAST A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of MPHIL(B) in EGYPTOLOGY Institute of Archaeology and Antiquity School of Historical Studies The University of Birmingham September 2006 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract This study consists of an analysis of Egyptian foreign policy during the Saite period (including the reign of Necho I), and also briefly examines the actions of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty in order to establish the correct context. Despite the large gaps in the historical record during this period, judicious use of sources from a number of different cultures allows the historian to attempt to reconstruct the actions of the time, and to discuss possible motivations for them, seeking to identify concerns linking the foreign policy of all the Saite kings. Acknowledgements Firstly, I would like to thank the Arts and Humanities Research Council, whose support has been vital in the undertaking of this study. I would also like to thank Dr.
  • International Protection Considerations with Regard to People Fleeing the Republic of Iraq

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