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Comparative Analysis of the Leaf Anatomy in Two Parodiolyra Species
Comparative analysis of the leaf anatomy in two Parodiolyra species (Poaceae: Olyreae) occurring on forests in Eastern Brazil Jesus Junior, LA.a*, Oliveira, RP.a,b, Leite, KRB.a and Silva, LB.a aDepartamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia – UFBA, Rua Barão de Geremoabo, 147, Campus de Ondina, CEP 40170-290, Salvador, BA, Brazil bPrograma de Pós-graduação em Botânica, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana – UEFS, BR 116N, Km 3, CEP 44031-460, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil *e-mail: [email protected] Received January 18, 2011 – Accepted June 7, 2011– Distributed February 29, 2012 (With 21 figures) Abstract Parodiolyra is a member of Olyreae, a tribe of herbaceous bamboo species within the Poaceae. The genus has five species, four of which were previously regarded as belonging to Olyra L. Parodiolyra has a Neotropical distribution and only two species occur on forests in Eastern Brazil: P. micrantha (Kunth) Zuloaga & Davidse and P. ramosissima (Trin.) Soderstr. & Zuloaga, the first widely distributed in the Neotropics while the second is endemic to the state of Bahia. Leaf anatomy of the two species was analysed with the aid of an optical microscope. The objective was to describe the microscopic characters and evaluate if they can be useful for the taxonomy of the genus. The observed anatomical structures did not differ from other genera of herbaceous bamboos, however some characters, both from the mesophyll and the epidermis, were useful to delimit the two species. Keywords: bambusoideae, microscopic characters, herbaceous bamboos, specific delimitation. Análise comparativa da anatomia foliar de duas espécies de Parodiolyra Soderstr. -
ABSTRACT the Genus Callicebus Is One of the Most
Volume ##(##):A‑P, #### NEW SPECIES OF TITI MONKEY, GENUS CALLICEBUS THOMAS, 1903 (PRIMATES, PITHECIIDAE), FROM SOUTHERN AMAZONIA, BRAZIL JULIO CÉSAR DALPONTE1 FELIPE ENNES SILVA2 JOSÉ DE SOUSA E SILVA JÚNIOR3 ABSTRACT The genus Callicebus is one of the most diverse Neotropical primate groups, with 31 recog- nized species. However, large knowledge gaps still exist regarding the diversity of this genus. Such gaps are gradually being filled due to recent intensification of sampling efforts. Several geographic distributions have been better delimited, and six new species have been described in the last 15 years. The goal of the present study is to describe a new species of Callicebus belonging to the Callicebus moloch species group, recently discovered in an area previously considered to be part of the geographic distribution of C. cinerascens. Data collection was conducted through direct observations, specimen collection and interviews with local residents during four expeditions. Specimens were deposited in the mammalian collection of the Mu- seu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. For a comparative evaluation, we examined specimens of the other species of the Callicebus moloch species group, especially the geographically neighboring forms, C. bernhardi and C. cinerascens. We examined 10 chromatic characters of the fur. In addition to body mass, we verified the conventional external variables and 26 craniomet- ric variables. The new species differs from all other Amazonian Callicebus by an exclusive combination of characters, being easily distinguished by the light gray line of the forehead, dark ocher sideburns and throat, dark gray portions of the torso and flanks, and uniformly orange tail. The geographic distribution of the new species is limited by the Roosevelt and Aripuanã rivers, in the states of Mato Grosso and Amazonas, Brazil. -
The Orchid Flora of the Colombian Department of Valle Del Cauca
Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 445-462, 2014 Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 445-462, 2014 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.32511 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.32511445 The orchid flora of the Colombian Department of Valle del Cauca La orquideoflora del departamento colombiano de Valle del Cauca Marta Kolanowska Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdańsk. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland. [email protected] Abstract. The floristic, geographical and ecological analysis of the orchid flora of the department of Valle del Cauca are presented. The study area is located in the southwestern Colombia and it covers about 22 140 km2 of land across 4 physiographic units. All analysis are based on the fieldwork and on the revision of the herbarium material. A list of 572 orchid species occurring in the department of Valle del Cauca is presented. Two species, Arundina graminifolia and Vanilla planifolia, are non-native elements of the studied orchid flora. The greatest species diversity is observed in the montane regions of the study area, especially in wet montane forest. The department of Valle del Cauca is characterized by the high level of endemism and domination of the transitional elements within the studied flora. The main problems encountered during the research are discussed in the context of tropical floristic studies. Key words: biodiversity, ecology, distribution, Orchidaceae. Resumen. Se presentan los resultados de los estudios geográfico, ecológico y florístico de la orquideoflora del departamento colombiano del Valle del Cauca. El área de estudio está ubicada al suroccidente de Colombia y cubre aproximadamente 22 140 km2 de tierra a través de 4 unidades fisiográficas. -
The Orchid Flora of the Colombian Department of Valle Del Cauca Revista Mexicana De Biodiversidad, Vol
Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad ISSN: 1870-3453 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México Kolanowska, Marta The orchid flora of the Colombian Department of Valle del Cauca Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, vol. 85, núm. 2, 2014, pp. 445-462 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Distrito Federal, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=42531364003 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 445-462, 2014 Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 445-462, 2014 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.32511 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.32511445 The orchid flora of the Colombian Department of Valle del Cauca La orquideoflora del departamento colombiano de Valle del Cauca Marta Kolanowska Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdańsk. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland. [email protected] Abstract. The floristic, geographical and ecological analysis of the orchid flora of the department of Valle del Cauca are presented. The study area is located in the southwestern Colombia and it covers about 22 140 km2 of land across 4 physiographic units. All analysis are based on the fieldwork and on the revision of the herbarium material. A list of 572 orchid species occurring in the department of Valle del Cauca is presented. Two species, Arundina graminifolia and Vanilla planifolia, are non-native elements of the studied orchid flora. The greatest species diversity is observed in the montane regions of the study area, especially in wet montane forest. -
SELECTED BAMBOO LITERATURE Ades, G. 1999. Important Discovery
SELECTED BAMBOO LITERATURE Ades, G. 1999. Important discovery of lesser bamboo bat roosting site in Hong Kong. Porcupine! 19: 22. Brailovsky, H. 1988. Hemiptera—Heteroptera de Mexico. XXXIX. Descripción de una tribu nueva, un género Nuevo y una especie nueva de coreidos recolectados en bamboo (Bambusa sp.) (Coreidae-Coreinae). Anal. Inst. Biol. UNAM 58, ser. Zool. 1: 155-164. Bystriakova, N., V. Kapos & I. Lysenko. 2004. Bamboo biodiversity: Africa, Madgascar and the Americas. UNEP-WCMC/INBAR, Biodiversity Series 19. UK: Swaingrove Imaging. http://www.ourplanet.com/wcmc/19.html Bystriakova, N., V. Kapos, C. Stapleton & I. Lysenko. 2003. Bamboo biodiversity: information for planning conservation and management in the Asia-Pacific region. UNEP- WCMC/INBAR, Biodiversity Series 14. UK: Swaingrove Imaging. http://www.ourplanet.com/wcmc/14.html Clark, L.G. 2001. Bambusoideae. Pp. 21-49 in Flora Fanerogâmica do Estado de São Paulo, Volume I, Poaceae, H. Longhi-Wagner, ed. São Paulo: Editora Hucitec. [Includes collaboration with X. Londoño (Eremocaulon, Guadua), H. Longhi-Wagner and R.P. de Oliveira (Olyra, Parodiolyra), T. Sendulsky (Merostachys).] Clark, L.G. 2004. Two new species of Aulonemia and Chusquea (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) from Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Botânica 27: 31-36. Clark, L.G., G. Davidse & R.P. Ellis. 1989. Natural hybridization in bamboos: Evidence from Chusquea sect. Swallenochloa (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). National Geographic Research 5: 459-476. Clark, L.G., S. Dransfield, J. Triplett & J.G. Sánchez-Ken. In press. Phylogenetic relationships among the one-flowered genera of Bambuseae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). In J. T. Columbus et al. (eds.). Monocots: Comparative biology and evolution. 2 vols. -
E29695d2fc942b3642b5dc68ca
ISSN 1409-3871 VOL. 9, No. 1—2 AUGUST 2009 Orchids and orchidology in Central America: 500 years of history CARLOS OSSENBACH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORCHIDOLOGY LANKESTERIANA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON ORCHIDOLOGY Copyright © 2009 Lankester Botanical Garden, University of Costa Rica Effective publication date: August 30, 2009 Layout: Jardín Botánico Lankester. Cover: Chichiltic tepetlauxochitl (Laelia speciosa), from Francisco Hernández, Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus, Rome, Jacobus Mascardus, 1628. Printer: Litografía Ediciones Sanabria S.A. Printed copies: 500 Printed in Costa Rica / Impreso en Costa Rica R Lankesteriana / International Journal on Orchidology No. 1 (2001)-- . -- San José, Costa Rica: Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica, 2001-- v. ISSN-1409-3871 1. Botánica - Publicaciones periódicas, 2. Publicaciones periódicas costarricenses LANKESTERIANA i TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Geographical and historical scope of this study 1 Political history of Central America 3 Central America: biodiversity and phytogeography 7 Orchids in the prehispanic period 10 The area of influence of the Chibcha culture 10 The northern region of Central America before the Spanish conquest 11 Orchids in the cultures of Mayas and Aztecs 15 The history of Vanilla 16 From the Codex Badianus to Carl von Linné 26 The Codex Badianus 26 The expedition of Francisco Hernández to New Spain (1570-1577) 26 A new dark age 28 The “English American” — the journey through Mexico and Central America of Thomas Gage (1625-1637) 31 The renaissance of science -
Acta Botanica Brasilica - 35(1): 22-36
Acta Botanica Brasilica - 35(1): 22-36. January-March 2021. doi: 10.1590/0102-33062020abb0188 Predicting the potential distribution of aquatic herbaceous plants in oligotrophic Central Amazonian wetland ecosystems Aline Lopes1, 2* , Layon Oreste Demarchi2, 3 , Augusto Cesar Franco1 , Aurélia Bentes Ferreira2, 3 , Cristiane Silva Ferreira1 , Florian Wittmann2, 4 , Ivone Neri Santiago2 , Jefferson da Cruz2, 5 , Jeisiane Santos da Silva2, 3 , Jochen Schöngart2, 3 , Sthefanie do Nascimento Gomes de Souza2 and Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade2, 3 Received: May 25, 2020 Accepted: November 13, 2020 ABSTRACT . Aquatic herbaceous plants are especially suitable for mapping environmental variability in wetlands, as they respond quickly to environmental gradients and are good indicators of habitat preference. We describe the composition of herbaceous species in two oligotrophic wetland ecosystems, floodplains along black-water rivers (igapó) and wetlands upon hydromorphic sand soils (campinarana) in the Parque Nacional do Jaú and the Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Uatumã in Central Amazonia, both protected areas. We tested for the potential distribution range (PDR) of the most frequent species of these ecosystems, which are the ones that occurred in at least two of the sampled wetlands, using species distribution models (SDMs). In total, 98 aquatic herbaceous species were recorded, of which 63 occurred in igapós and 44 in campinaranas. Most igapó species had ample PDRs across the Neotropics, while most campinaranas species were restricted to the Amazon Basin. These results are congruent with studies that described similar distribution patterns for tree and bird species, which emphasizes a high degree of endemism in Amazonian campinarana. However, we also found differences in the potential distribution of species between the two protected areas, indicating high environmental variability of oligotrophic ecosystems that deserve further investigation to develop effective measures for their conservation and protection. -
2002 12 the Cerrados of Brazil.Pdf
00 oliveira fm 7/31/02 8:11 AM Page i The Cerrados of Brazil 00 oliveira fm 7/31/02 8:11 AM Page ii 00 oliveira fm 7/31/02 8:11 AM Page iii The Cerrados of Brazil Ecology and Natural History of a Neotropical Savanna Editors Paulo S. Oliveira Robert J. Marquis Columbia University Press New York 00 oliveira fm 7/31/02 8:11 AM Page iv Columbia University Press Publishers Since 1893 New York Chichester, West Sussex © 2002 Columbia University Press All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The cerrados of Brazil : ecology and natural history of a neotropical savanna / Paulo S. Oliveira and Robert J. Marquis. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-231-12042-7 (cloth : alk. paper)—ISBN 0-231-12043-5 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Cerrado ecology—Brazil. I. Oliveira, Paulo S., 1957– II. Marquis, Robert J., 1953– QH117 .C52 2002 577.4'8'0981—dc21 2002022739 Columbia University Press books are printed on permanent and durable acid-free paper. Printed in the United States of America c 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 p 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 00 oliveira fm 7/31/02 8:11 AM Page v Contents Preface vii 1 Introduction: Development of Research in the Cerrados 1 Paulo S. Oliveira and Robert J. Marquis I Historical Framework and the Abiotic Environment 2 Relation of Soils and Geomorphic Surfaces in the Brazilian Cerrado 13 Paulo E. F. Motta, Nilton Curi, and Donald P. -
New Species Discoveries in the Amazon 2014-15
WORKINGWORKING TOGETHERTOGETHER TO TO SHARE SCIENTIFICSCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIESDISCOVERIES UPDATE AND COMPILATION OF THE LIST UNTOLD TREASURES: NEW SPECIES DISCOVERIES IN THE AMAZON 2014-15 WWF is one of the world’s largest and most experienced independent conservation organisations, WWF Living Amazon Initiative Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável with over five million supporters and a global network active in more than 100 countries. WWF’s Mamirauá (Mamirauá Institute of Leader mission is to stop the degradation of the planet’s natural environment and to build a future Sustainable Development) Sandra Charity in which humans live in harmony with nature, by conserving the world’s biological diversity, General director ensuring that the use of renewable natural resources is sustainable, and promoting the reduction Communication coordinator Helder Lima de Queiroz of pollution and wasteful consumption. Denise Oliveira Administrative director Consultant in communication WWF-Brazil is a Brazilian NGO, part of an international network, and committed to the Joyce de Souza conservation of nature within a Brazilian social and economic context, seeking to strengthen Mariana Gutiérrez the environmental movement and to engage society in nature conservation. In August 2016, the Technical scientific director organization celebrated 20 years of conservation work in the country. WWF Amazon regional coordination João Valsecchi do Amaral Management and development director The Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá (IDSM – Mamirauá Coordinator Isabel Soares de Sousa Institute for Sustainable Development) was established in April 1999. It is a civil society Tarsicio Granizo organization that is supported and supervised by the Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation, and Communications, and is one of Brazil’s major research centres. -
Yael Laks, Tehila Rothbort. Mentor
Very ApPEELing DNA: DNA Barcodes of Different Types of Bananas Authors: 1Yael Laks, 1Tehila Rothbort. Mentor: 1Shulamith Biderman, 1Ruth Fried 1 Yeshiva University High School for Girls. Funded by the Thompson Family Foundation Abstract: Materials and Methods: Tables and Figures: Discussion: We researched three types of Bananas from the genus Musa. To perform our experiment we bought cavendish bananas, From the results of BLASTN the banana sequences were The goal of our project was to find the differences and lady finger bananas and plantains in a store close to our analyzed. The Cavendish bananas and plantains had identical similarities in the chloroplast DNA of a cavendish banana, school. The cavendish bananas will act as the control matches, meaning they are very closely related. We expected lady finger banana and plantain. Our hypothesis is that the group in our experiment. The lady finger bananas and the these two organisms to be closely related because the top different types of bananas will have many genetic similarities plantains will be the experimental groups. We brought matches had some sort of connection to bananas. Although, because they fall under the same genus, grow in the same them to Yeshiva University High School for Girls and kept we were also expecting lady finger bananas to be as closely way, and have similar peel structures.We predicted there will them there until we started our project. We started related as the others the closest matches were tomatoes and be differences among these species because they differ in isolating the DNA from the plant by collecting seeds from eggplants, which is very unexpected. -
A Phylogenetic Assessment of Lycaste and Anguloa (Orchidaceae)
A PHYLOGENETIC ASSESSMENT OF LYCASTE AMD ANGULOA (ORCHIDACEAE) By ANGELA RYAN A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of London DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON 2001 ProQuest Number: U642610 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest. ProQuest U642610 Published by ProQuest LLC(2015). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ABSTRACT Parsimony analysis has been used to examine the phylogenetic relationships of two genera of Neotropical orchids, Lycaste and Angulos. Within these genera, difficulties occur when assigning names to plants using traditional morphological techniques. Many herbarium specimens are in bad condition and some descriptions are incomplete. To date, infrageneric classifications have been based on very few diagnostic characters. Here, three approaches have been evaluated: A systematic analysis of the morphology, an examination of two regions of DMA sequence and an analysis of the chemical composition of the floral fragrances. Morphological analysis showed that Lycaste is not monophyletic. There was a clear division between species currently ascribed to sect. Fimbriatae and the other species of the genus. -
Silicon in Banana Plants: Uptake, Distribution and Interaction with the Disease
Silicon in banana plants: uptake, distribution and interaction with the disease fusarium wilt Kevan Walter Jones Bachelor of Science: Plant Science A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2013 School of Agriculture & Food Sciences Abstract Banana cultivation worldwide is under threat from a wide variety of pathogens and negative environmental factors. Most cultivated banana plants are vegetatively propagated, resulting in a dearth of breeding and a genetic bottleneck. This has led to enhanced susceptibility to a number of lethal plant diseases. Novel solutions are being pursued to enhance the innate defences of the banana plant in an effort to combat these diseases. Of all current banana diseases, Fusarium wilt poses the greatest overall threat. Fusarium wilt, sometimes known as Panama disease, is caused by the soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). A complex grouping of polyphyletic fungal strains, collectively referred to as races, is responsible for causing disease in banana. Race 1 of Foc caused the collapse of the global ‘Gros Michel’ trade industry in the mid-20th century. The industry recovered by substituting ‘Cavendish’ cultivars for ‘Gros Michel’, but a new race (race 4) is now threatening ‘Cavendish’ production. Breeding and transgenics programmes for developing Foc resistant banana cultivars are in progress, but advancement is slow and durable resistance cannot be guaranteed. In the interim, innovative control strategies for Foc are being sought. These strategies involve the development of new cultural controls or soil amendments and are intended to inhibit fungal inoculum in the soil or to upregulate innate plant defences.