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Pesticide Residues Contamination Analysis in Water Samples Of Pesticide residues contamination analysis in water samples of Sreenagar upazila in Munshiganj district and malathion effects on the mortality rate of tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) A thesis submitted to the Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (MS) in Fisheries Submitted By Examination Roll: 811 MS session: 2015-16 Registration Number: 2011-212-777 Registration session: 2011-12 Department of Fisheries University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh February 2017 Dhaka University Institutional Repository Declaration by Student I hereby declare that the dissertation entitled “Pesticide residues contamination analysis in water samples of Sreenagar upazila in Munshiganj district and malathion effects on the mortality rate of tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus(Peters, 1852)” submitted to the Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka for the degree of Master of Science (MS) is based on self-investigation carried out under the supervisions of Dr. Kaniz Fatema, Professor and Chairperson, Department of Fisheries,University of Dhaka, Dhaka- 1000, Bangladesh and Dr. Md. Hasanuzzaman, Senior Scientific Officer, Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka,Bangladesh. I also declare that this or any part of this work has not been submitted for any other degree anywhere. All sources of knowledge used have been duly acknowledged. Name:Md. Nasir Uddin Examination Roll:811 MS session:2015-16 Registration Number:2011-212-777 Registration session:2011-12 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Dhaka University Institutional Repository Certificate We certify that the research work embodied in this thesis entitled “Pesticide residues contamination analysis in water samples of Sreenagar upazila in Munshiganj district and malathion effects on the mortality rate of tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus(Peters, 1852)” submitted by Md. Nasir Uddin, roll number: 811, session: 2015-16, registreation number: 2011-212-777 has been carried out under our supervision. This is further to certify that it is an original work and suitable for the partial fulfillment of the degree of Master of Science (MS) in Fisheries from the Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka. We wish every success in his life. Name of supervisors 1. Dr. Kaniz Fatema Professor and Chairperson Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Biological Sciences University of Dhaka, Dhaka- 1000, Bangladesh 2. Dr. Md. Hasanuzzaman Senior Scientific Officer Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB) Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh Dhaka University Institutional Repository ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my gratefulness to Almighty ‘Allah’ for allowing me to complete this study successfully. I am also obliged to my dear parents for their continuous supports and encouraging words. I am extremely delighted to express my heartiest gratitude and thanks to my honorable supervisors Dr. Kaniz Fatema, Professor and Chairperson, Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladeshand Dr.Md. Hasanuzzaman, Senior Scientific Officer (SSO),Agrochemical and Environmental Research Division (AERD), Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission (BAEC), Ganakbari, Savar, Dhaka for their sincere guidance, inspiration, encouragement and thoughtful suggestions throughout my study. I would like to thanks our MS exam committee chairman Professor Dr Ghulam Mustafa, Departmentof Fisheries, University of Dhaka.And all the honorable teachers of Fisheries Department for their co-operations and inspirations during the study. I would like to express my profound gratitude to Dr. Md. Amin Uddin, Head and Chief Scientific Officer (CSO), Agrochemical and Environmental Research Division (AERD) and Dr. Md. Khorshed Alam, Director, and Chief Scientific Officer (CSO), Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Ganakbari, Savar, Dhaka for giving me permission to conduct research in the institute. Thanks to all Scientists of AERD. Special thanks to Md. Alamgir Kabir, Junior Experimental Officer (JEO); Md. Abdul Hamid and Gopal Majumder AERD, IFRB, AERE, Ganakbari, Savar, Dhaka for their continuous support. I would like to thanks all staffs of my department for their co-operation during the study. I would also like to thanks all of my friends for their help of my research work. February, 2017 The Author Dhaka University Institutional Repository ABSTRACT Different types of pesticides are widely used in Bangladesh. Pesticide residues pose harmful effect to the target and non-target organisms like fish and many other aquatic and terrestrial organisms including human either directly or indirectly through the food chain. The present study was undertaken to determine contamination analysisof some selected organochlorine (DDT, DDE and DDD), organophosphorus (malathion, diazinon and chloropyrifos) and carbamate (carbaryl) pesticide residues in water samples of different sources from Sreenagar upazila in Munshiganjdistrict using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) equipped with Ultra Violate (UV) detector.Thirty onewater samples were collected from fish pond and lake to analyze the suspected pesticide residues. None of the tested water samples was found to be contaminated with malathion, diazinon, chlorpyriphos, carbaryl or DDT and its metabolites (DDE and DDD). Malathion is an organophosphate pesticide used in agriculture and houses to control the variety of insects, which may exert adverse effect on untargeted organisms, such as fish and other aquatic animals. The Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) is very much sensitive to malathion. Lethal concentration of malathion in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and the LC50 value was calculated in exposure of (24, 48, 72, and 96) h malathion. The test was performed by following semistic (renewal) bioassay method in which the exposure medium was exchanged after every 24 h to maintain toxicant strength and level of dissolved oxygen, as well as minimizing the ammonia excretion levels during this experiment. Based on the experiment, Malathion seems to be highly toxic to tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). The 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h LC50 value is 3.236 ppm, 2.362ppm, 1.256 ppm and 0.690 ppm respectively. The results showed that LC50 values is decreased with increase in exposure duration, in other words in longer periods of exposure, lower concentrations of pesticide is caused 50% mortality in studied fish population and their mortality rate is dose dependent. i Dhaka University Institutional Repository CONTENTS ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................i LIST OF FIGURES ...........................................................................................................iv LIST OF TABLES..............................................................................................................v LIST OF PLATES .............................................................................................................vi LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES.......................................................................................vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS......................................................................................... viii CHAPTER 1 .......................................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................1 1.1 Pesticide contamination ............................................................................................1 1.1.1 Background ........................................................................................................1 1.1.2 Pesticide..............................................................................................................5 1.1.3 Pesticides used in Bangladesh............................................................................8 1.2 Malathion toxicology in fishes..................................................................................9 1.3 Review of Literature ...............................................................................................10 1.3.1 Pesticide contamination....................................................................................10 1.3.2 Malathion toxicology in fishes .........................................................................16 1.4 Justification of the study .........................................................................................17 1.5 Objectives................................................................................................................18 CHAPTER 2 .....................................................................................................................19 MATERIALS AND METHODS .....................................................................................19 2.1 Pesticide contamination analysis ............................................................................19 2.1.1 Study area .........................................................................................................19
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