A DRUG POLICY ALLIANCE RELEASE DRUGPOLICY.ORG/UNGASS2016 APRIL 20, 2016

Leaders from Around the World Call on A growing number of city, state and nation- al governments no longer treat drug use and UN to End the Drug War possession as crimes. Some are beginning to legally regulate cannabis for medical and even MR. BAN KI-MOON, SECRETARY GENERAL laws, agencies and attitudes impeded harm re- non-medical purposes. Many more recognize UNITED NATIONS duction and other effective health policies. the need to make essential medicines readily Humankind cannot afford a 21st century available, especially for pain and palliative care Dear Secretary General, drug policy as ineffective and counter-produc- in lower income countries. But far greater and With the United Nations General Assem- tive as the last century’s. A new global response more systemic reforms are essential. bly Special Session on the World Drug Problem to drugs is needed, grounded in science, com- We were encouraged last year, Mr. Secre- (UNGASS) fast approaching in New York, we passion, health and human rights. tary General, when you urged governments seek your enlightened leadership in calling for The role of crimi- reform of global drug control policies. nalization and criminal The drug control regime that emerged justice must be limited to “ Humankind cannot afford during the last century has proven disastrous the extent truly required for global health, security and human rights. Fo- to protect health and a 21st century drug policy as cused overwhelmingly on criminalization and safety. Leadership must punishment, it created a vast illicit market that come from those who ineffective and counter- has enriched criminal organizations, corrupted recognize that psycho- governments, triggered explosive violence, dis- active drug use is first productive as the last century’s.” torted economic markets and undermined basic and foremost a matter moral values. of health. Drug control Governments devoted disproportionate re- efforts must never do more harm than good, or to use the UNGASS opportunity “to conduct a sources to repression at the expense of efforts cause more harm than drug misuse itself. wide-ranging and open debate that considers to better the human condition. Tens of millions We are heartened by positive develop- all options.” This, by and large, has not hap- of people, mostly poor and racial and ethnic mi- ments around the world since the United pened – at least within the confines of the United norities, were incarcerated, mostly for low-level Nations last convened a special session in 1998. Nations. Your leadership is now required to en- and non-violent drug law violations, with little if Evidence-based harm reduction programs to sure that the seeds of reform are nourished, not any benefit to public security. Problematic drug contain the spread of HIV/AIDS and other in- discarded, and that the stage is set for real re- use and HIV/AIDS, hepatitis and other infec- fectious diseases, treat addiction and reduce form of global drug control policy. tious diseases spread rapidly as prohibitionist drug-related criminality are now underway in almost one hundred countries.

Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Gordon Bajnai, Former Prime Aleksander Kwaśniewski, Nick Clegg, Former Deputy Bill Richardson, Former John Legend, Singer Former President of Brazil Minister of Hungary Former President of Poland Prime Minister of the UK Governor, New Mexico Michael Douglas, Actor Ernesto Zedillo, Former Ricardo Lagos, Former George Shultz, Former US Sir Richard Branson, Founder Peter Shumlin, Governor, President of Mexico President of Chile Secretary of State; Treasury; of the Virgin Group Vermont Gael Garcia Bernal, Actor; and Labor Director Vicente Fox, Former Pedro Pires, Former Bernie Sanders, U.S. Senator Shashi Tharoor, Former President of Mexico President of Cape Verde Paul Volcker, Former Under-Secretary General, Jane Fonda, Actor Elizabeth Warren, Chairman of the US Federal United Nations Carly Simon, Singer Olusegun Obasanjo, Former George Papandreou, Former Reserve U.S. Senator President of Nigeria Prime Minister of Greece Mo Ibrahim, Businessman Tom Brady, Quarterback, George Soros, Philanthropist Cory Booker, U.S. Senator César Gaviria Trujillo, Former Ruth Dreifuss, Former Sting, Musician New England Patriots, NFL President of Colombia President of Switzerland Warren Buffett, Bob Kerrey, Former Businessman; Philanthropist U.S. Senator Peter Gabriel, Musician

Institutional affiliations and titles are included solely for identification purposes and should not be understood as indicating the respective organization’s agreement with the content of this letter. 2 SIGNATORIES Institutional affiliations and titles are included solely for identification purposes and should not be understood as indicating the respective organization’s agreement with the content of this letter.

AFRICA Sam Manteaw, Lawyer; Ramon M. de Vera, Dean Agnes Mejia, Dean, Stephen Lewis, Former UN Norman Baker, Former Emma Bonino, Former Bernt Johan Collet, Former Abdalla Ahmed, Vice Lecturer, University of Member, Board of Trustees, University of the Philippines Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS Drugs Minister, United Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Defence, Chairman, Kenya Harm Ghana, Legon, Ghana Philippine Science High College of Medicine, in Africa, Canada Kingdom, UK Italy; Former European Denmark; Founder, Center Reduction Network, Kenya Bronwyn Myers, Chief School System, Philippines Philippines Donald Macpherson, Baroness Joan Bakewell, Commissioner for Health for Political Studies, Specialist Scientist, Alcohol Maria Teresa V. de Vera, Supatra Nacapew, Executive Director, Peer, House of Lords, UK and Consumer Protection, Denmark Richard Amenyah, UNAIDS Italy Regional Office, West Tobacco and Other Drug Graduate of Masters in Executive Director, Canadian Drug Policy Marek Balicki, Former Marc Comina, and Central Africa, Dakar, Research Unit, South Business Management, Foundation of AIDS Rights; Coalition, Minister of Health, Poland; Ben Bowling, Professor, Director, Marc Comina Senegal African Medical Research Philippines Member, National AIDS Gabor Maté, Doctor; Former Member, Polish King’s College London, UK Communication, Council, South Africa Committee - Subcommittee Switzerland Calleb Angira, Chairman, Patrick M. Deakin, Author, Canada Parliament and Senate, Sam Bowman, Executive Olusegun Obasanjo, Former President, Lifeline Rescue, on Rights Promotion and Poland Director, Adam Smith Paul Conlon, CEO, Aiséirí Kenya Harm Reduction Protection, Thailand Julio Montaner, Director, Network, Kenya President, Nigeria, Nigeria Philippines British Columbia Centre Silvio Ballinari, Pharmacist, Institute, UK addiction treatment service, Kasthuriraani Patto, Ireland Kwesi Aning, Head of Isidore Obot, Professor James Deakin, TV for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Bern, Switzerland Tom Brake, Member and Head, Department of Host, CNN Philippines, Member of Parliament, Canada of Parliament, Liberal Caroline Coon, Artist; Research Department, Malaysia Flemming Balvig, Professor Kofi Annan International Psychology, University of Philippines Philip Owen, Former Mayor, Emeritus, Faculty of Law, Democrats, UK Writer, UK Peacekeeping Centre, Uyo, Nigeria Edgar Michael T. Eufemio, Praphan Phanuphak, Co- Vancouver, Canada University of Copenhagen, Edgardo Brambilla, Former Anton Corbijn, Ghana Adeolu Ogunrombi, Former President, ASEAN Founder, Thai Red Cross Denmark Associate Director, Nestec, Photographer; Filmmaker, AIDS Research Centre, John Polanyi, Nobel Prize in Paschal B. Atengdem, Director, Youth RISE- Society of Sports Medicine Chemistry, 1986, Canada Alexander Bard, Nestlé, Switzerland Netherlands Nigeria, Nigeria & Arthroscopy; Former Thailand Faculty Member, University Gregor Robertson, Mayor, Philosopher; Writer, Richard Branson, Jean-Pierre Couteron, of Ghana, Legon, Ghana Joseph Osafo, Senior President, Orthopedic Rene A. V. Saguisag, Sweden Entrepreneur; Founder, Chairman, Federation Society for Sports Lawyer; Former Senator; Vancouver, Canada Emmanuel Morgan Attuah, Lecturer, University of Massimo Barra, Founder, Virgin Group; Co-founder, Addiction, France Ghana, Legon, Ghana Medicine, Philippines Professor, San Beda Joel Solomon, President, The Elders, UK Senior Lecturer, University College, Philippines Renewal Partners; Villa Maraini, Rome; Former Sir Clive Cowdery, of Ghana, Legon, Ghana Eric Osei-Assibey, Senior Ma. Inez Feria, Founder and President, Italian Red Cross, Rudolf Brenneisen, Philanthropist; Founder, Executive Director, NoBox Charles Santiago, Chairman, Renewal Funds, Peter Atupare, Lecturer, Lecturer, University of Canada Italy Professor of Pharmacology, Resolution Foundation, UK Ghana, Legon, Ghana Transitions Foundation, Chairman, ASEAN Department of Clinical University of Ghana, Legon, Philippines Parliamentarians for Sam Sullivan, Former Elisabeth Baume-Schneider, Frances Crook, Chief Ghana Charles Parry, Director, Director, Higher School for Research, University of Executive, The Howard Rap Fernandez, Actor; Human Rights, Malaysia Mayor, Vancouver; Bern, Switzerland Abdul Baasit, Lecturer, Alcohol, Tobacco and Other President, Global Civic Social Work, Switzerland League for Penal Reform, Drug Research Unit, South Documentary Film Paul Anantharajah Barbara Broers, Professor UK University of Ghana, Legon, Producer, Philippines Tambyah, Professor Policy Society, Canada István Bayer, Former Ghana African Medical Research director, National Institute of Medicine, Univesity of Peter Curman, Former Council, South Africa Le Minh Giang, Executive of Medicine, National Geneva; Vice-President, Taib Abdulrahman University of Singapore, of Pharmacy; Chairman, Chairperson, Swedish Pedro Pires, Former Director, Vietnam-HIV EUROPE Commission on Narcotic Swiss Commission on Writer’s Union, Sweden Basheeib, Secretary, Kenya Addiction Technology Singapore Drugs, Switzerland Harm Reduction Network, President, Cape Verde, Andreas Åberg, Senior Drugs (1984), Hungary Hedy d’Ancona, Former Cape Verde Transfer Cente, Vietnam Masayoshi Tarui, Vice Christoph Bürki, Kenya Chair, Japan AIDS & Society Consultant Psychiatrist, Thilo Beck, Head Physician, Minister of Health, the Kofi Quashigah, Professor, Anand Grover, Former UN Sweden Association for Risk Psychiatrist; Netherlands, Netherlands Geoff Budlender, Co- Special Rapporteur on the Association, Japan Psychotherapist; Former founder, Legal Resources University of Ghana, Legon, Patrick Aeberhard, Former Reduction in Use of Drugs, Jean-Bernad Daeppen, Ghana Right to Health, India Theodore O. Te, Assistant Zürich; Board member, The Medical Director, Berne, Centre; Human Rights Court Administrator, President, Doctors of Switzerland Professor of Medicine, Lawyer; Board member, Omar Mattar Tajir, Ricky Gunawan, Director, the World (Médecins du Swiss Society of Addiction University of Lausanne, Community Legal Aid Supreme Court of the Medicine, Switzerland Julia Buxton, Professor and Social Justice Initiative, CEO, Zanzibar Youth Philippines, Philippines monde), France Switzerland South Africa Education, Environment Institute (LBH Masyarakat), Klaus Behrendt, Honorary Associate Dean, School Indonesia Shashi Tharoor, Former Claudine Aeschbach, of Public Policy, Central Jean Pierre Daulouede, Mary Chinery-Hesse, and Development Support Psychiatrist; Chairman, Hamburg, Director, Bizia, France Association, Tanzania Somchai Homlaor, Under-Secretary General, German Society of European University, Former Member, African United Nations; Member of Psychotherapist; Board Budapest, Hungary Secretary General, Human member, The Swiss Society Addiction Medicine Lord Geoffrey Dear, Peer, Union Panel of the Wise, Bankole Thompson, Former Parliament, India House of Lords, UK Ghana Judge, Special Court for Rights and Development of Addiction Medicine, (Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Sir Vince Cable, Former Sierra Leone, Sierra Leone Foundation; Former Law Kyaw Thu, Chairman, Switzerland Suchtmedizin), Germany Secretary of State, Thangam Debbonaire, Michaela Clayton, Director, Reform Commissioner, National Drug User Business, Innovation and Þórhildur Sunna Pavel Bem, Former Mayor, Member of Parliament, AIDS & Rights Alliance for Thailand Network, Myanmar Skills; Former leader, Labour Party, UK Southern Africa, Namibia Ævarsdóttir, Writer; Prague; Member, National ASIA Asma Jahangir, Former Jon Ungphakorn, Former Drug Commission, Czech Liberal Democrats; Former Journalist; Vice Chair, Member of Parliament, UK Balázs Dénes, Executive Daniel Amoako Darko, Edo Agustian, National UN Special Rapporteur Senator, Thailand Executive Board of the Republic Director, Hungarian Civil Research Fellow, University Coordinator, Indonesian on Arbitrary, Extrajudicial Icelandic Pirate Party, Alec Carlberg, Founder, Liberties Union, Hungary of Ghana, Legon, Ghana Daniel Berg, Doctoral Drug Users’ Network, and Summary Executions, Iceland student of Economic Basta social enterprise, Pakistan CANADA Sweden Lord Navnit Dholakia, Peer, Alpha Abdoulaye Diallo, Indonesia Martin Ågerup, President, History, Stockholm House of Lords, UK Vice-President, National Apinun Aramrattana, Head, Pittaya Jinawat, Adviser, Louise Arbour, Former Center for Political Studies, University, Sweden Alistair Carmichael, Organization of Guinean Justice, Supreme Court of Andrew Dixon, Angel Department of Family Rights and Liberties Denmark Rita Bernardini, Former Former Secretary of State, Civil Society; National Protection Department, Canada; Former UN High Scotland, UK Investor, UK Medicine, Chiang Rai Ingvar Ambjørnsen, Writer, Member of Parliament; Coordinator, Africa Youth University, Thailand Ministry of Justice; Advisor, Commissioner for Human Bojan Dobovsek, Professor, Network, Guinea Rights, Canada Norway Honorary President, Hands Marina Carrobbio, Member Kamlangjai (Inspire), Off Cain, Italy of Parliament, Switzerland Faculty of Criminal Justice Jambie Austria Del Rosario, Thailand Kai Ambos, Chair of and Security, University of Godwin Djokoto, Assistant Columnist, Philippines Scott E. Bernstein, Human Lecturer, University of rights lawyer, British Criminal Law, Comparative Jacques Besson, Professor Ursula Cassani, Professor Maribor, Slovenia Adeeba Kamarulzaman, of Psychiatry, University of of Penal Law, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana Hkam Awng, Former Head Dean, Faculty of Medicine; Columbia, Canada Law, and International Katja Dörner, Member of of Department, Central Criminal Law, George- Lausanne, Switzerland Geneva, Switzerland Godwin Dzah, Lecturer, Professor of Medicine Larry Campbell, Senator; Parliament (Bundestag); Committee for Drug Abuse and Infectious Diseases, August University, David R. Bewley-Taylor, Sandro Cattacin, Professor, Vice Chairman, Ghana School of Control, Myanmar Former Mayor, Vancouver; Germany Management and Public University of Malaya, Former Chief Coroner, Professor of International Univesity of Geneva, Alliance 90/The Greens, Administration, Ghana Nonoy Basa, Triathlete; Co- Malaysia British Columbia, Canada Nils August Andresen, Relations and Public Policy, Switzerland Germany Swansea University, UK founder, Streamline Sports Jikyeong Kang, President Editor, Minerva, Norway Maria Livanos Cattaui, Ruth Dreifuss, Former Ama Hammond, Lecturer, Instruction, Philippines Libby Davies, Former University of Ghana, Legon, and Dean, Asian Institute Member of Parliament Thanasis Apostolou, Dinesh Bhugra, Former Former Secretary General, President, Switzerland, Ghana Romesh Bhattacharji, of Management, and Deputy Leader, New Director, Diogenis President, Royal College of International Chamber of Switzerland Philippines Psychiatrists, UK Commerce, Switzerland Former Commissioner of Democratic Party of Association, Drug Policy Françoise Dubois-Arber, Mo Ibrahim, Businessman, Narcotics, India Dialogue, Greece Sudan Nang Pann Ei Kham, Canada, Canada Valgerður Bjarnadóttir, Lars Christensen, Professor of Public Health, Alvin Caballes, Professor Coordinator, Drug Policy Vilhjálmur Árnason, Member of Parliament, International Economist; University of Lausanne, Hussein Ibrahim, President, Michael Evans, Professor of Medicine, University of Advocacy Group, Myanmar Emeritus, Physics Member of Parliament, Social Democratic Alliance, Owner and CEO, Markets Switzerland Sudan AIDS Network, the Philippines College of Independence Party, Iceland & Money Advisory; Senior Sudan Ginan Koesmayadi, Department, University of Tony Duffin, CEO, Ana Medicine, Philippines Alberta, Canada Iceland Ísabella Björnsdóttir, Harm Fellow, Adam Smith Vocalist, Jeruji, Indonesia Institute, Denmark Liffey Drug Project, Ireland Christine Kafando, June Caridad Pagaduan Halldór Árnason, Reduction Social Worker, President, Hope For Tsuneo Kondo, President, Ryan Holmes, CEO, James Duffy, Former Lopez, Professor, Hootsuite, Canada Economist; Chemist; Iceland Lars Seier Christensen, Tomorrow Association; Japan Drug Addiction CEO and Founder, Seier Police Inspector; Former Department of Psychiatry, Rehabilitation Center, Translator, “Chasing the Þorsteinn Úlfar Björnsson, Chair, Strathclyde Police Recipient, Légion University of the Philippines Perry Kendall, Provincial Scream”, Iceland Capital, Denmark d’Honneur, Burkina Faso Japan Health Officer, Province of Writer; Artist; Activist, Federation, UK College of Medicine; Expert, Iceland Ivan Christensen, Maksut Kulzhanov, British Columbia, Canada Lord Paddy Ashdown, Raimond Dufour, President, William Kissi-Agyebeng, United Nations Treaty on Former leader, Liberal Manager, MÃ_ndenes Lecturer, University of Prevention of Torture and Professor; President, Thomas Kerr, Co-Director, Andrzej Blikle, Professor of Netherlands Drug Policy Democrats; Former High Mathematics; Entrepreneur, Hjem, Copenhagen’s Ghana, Legon, Ghana Other Cruel, Inhuman or Medical Chamber of Urban Health Research Harm Reduction Services, Foundation, Netherlands Kazakhstan; Member, Representative for Bosnia Poland Kofi Krafona, Lecturer, Degrading Treatment or Initiative, BC Centre for and Herzegovina; Former Denmark Niamh Eastwood, Executive Punishment, Philippines Executive Board, World Excellence in HIV/AIDS; Anja P. Bloch, Brugernes University of Cape Coast, Health Organization, Member of Parliament, UK Don Luigi Ciotti, Founder, Director, Release, UK Ghana Carlos P. Celdran, Actor; Associate Professor, Akademi, User’s Academy, Kazakhstan Department of Medicine, Marc Attalah, Director, Copenhagen, Denmark Gruppo Abele and Libera, Carl-Michael Edenborg, Documentary Film Italy Kofi Kumado, Professor, Gloria Lai, Senior Policy University of British Museum of Science Fiction Author, Sweden University of Ghana, Legon, Producer, Philippines (Maison d’Ailleurs), Lorenz Boellinger, Professor Officer, International Columbia, Canada Emeritus of Criminal Law Adam Clayton, Bass Peter Ege, Former Medical Ghana Jannie Chan, Drug Policy Consortium, Switzerland Guitarist, U2, Ireland Director, Drug Treatment Businesswoman; Chair, David Laidler, Fellow, and Criminology, University Mahmood Mamdani, Thailand Royal Society of Canada; Markus Backmund, of Bremen, Germany Nick Clegg, Former System of Copenhagen; Professor and Director, ASEAN Business Forum, President, German Society Public Health Officer, Singapore Sai Lone, Coordinator, Professor Emeritus, Michal Boni, Member, Deputy Prime Minister, the Makerere Institute of Myanmar Opium Farmers University of Western of Addiction Medicine, United Kingdom; Member Denmark Social Research, Makerere Son Chhay, Member of Germany European Parliament; Forum, Myanmar Ontario, Canada Former member, Polish of Parliament, Liberal Peter Eggli, Professor of University, Kampala, Parliament, Cambodia Democrats, UK Marina Mahathir, UN C. Ross Lander, Former Gosia Baczyńska, Fashion Parliament; Former Minister Anatomy, Univerity of Bern, Uganda; Herbert Lehman Designer, Poland Switzerland Professor of Government, Person of the Year (2010) Justice, Supreme Court of of Administration and Columbia University, for achievements in gender, British Columbia, Canada Gordon Bajnai, Former Digitization, Poland; Former Sigge Eklund, Author, Uganda / US women’s empowerment, Prime Minister, Hungary advisor to the Polish Prime Sweden and HIV/AIDs; Human Minister, Poland Rights Activist, Malaysia Institutional affiliations and titles are included solely for identification purposes and should not be understood as SIGNATORIES 3 indicating the respective organization’s agreement with the content of this letter.

Uffe Elbaek, Former Ted Goldberg, Professor Magnus Hörnqvist, Zdenek Kolar, Head, Roger Liggenstorfer, Smári McCarthy, Chief David Nutt, Willy Pedersen, Professor Minister of Culture; Co- Emeritus of Sociology, Associate Professor of Institute of Clinical and Publisher, Nachtschatten Technologist and Director, Neuro- of Sociology, University of Founder and Leader, The University of Gävle, Sweden Criminology, Stockholm Molecular Pathology; Verlag, Solothurn, Information Security psychopharmacology Unit, Oslo, Norway Alternative, Denmark Diane Goldstein, University, Sweden Dean Emeritus, Medical Switzerland Expert, Organized Crime Imperial College London; Rupert Pennant-Rea, Bruno Erni, President, Former U.S. Lieutenant Lord Alan Howarth, Peer, Faculty, Palacky University, Peter Lilley, Member of and Corruption Reporting Former Chair, Advisory Chairman, The Economist; Addiction Association Commander; Executive House of Lords, UK Olomouc, Czech Republic Parliament, Conservative Project, Iceland Council on the Misuse of Former Deputy Governor, Drugs, UK (Fachverband Sucht), Board member, Law Kristinn Hrafnsson, Kora, Singer, Poland Party, UK Lou McGrath, Nobel Peace Bank of England, UK Switzerland Enforcement Against Director, Icelandic Bernard Kouchner, Former Sven-Åke Lindgren, Prize, 1997; Founder, Mines Vivienne O’Brien, Marco Perduca, Former Pierre Esseiva, Professor of Prohibition, UK Center for Investigative Minister of Foreign Affairs, Professor Emeritus of Action Group, UK Coordinator, Bray Senator, Italy; UN Criminology, University of Jörg Gölz, Honorary Journalism, Iceland France, France Sociology, University of Baroness Molly Meacher, Community Addiction Representative, Nonviolent Team, Ireland Lausanne, Switzerland Chairman, Berlin, German Paul Hunt, Former UN Daniela Kreher, Reverend; Gothenburg, Sweden Peer, House of Lords, UK Radical Party, Italy Felipe Estrada, Professor Society of Addiction Special Rapporteur on the Church historian; Harm- Rick Lines, Executive Fiona Measham, Professor, John O’Connor, Addiction Tove Pettersson, Professor of Criminology, Stockholm Medicine (Deutsche Right to Health, UK reduction Specialist, Director, Harm Reduction University of Durham, UK Counsellor, Anchor of Criminology, Stockholm University, Sweden Gesellschaft fuer Germany International, UK Treatment Centre, Ireland University, Sweden Suchtmedizin), Germany Julian Huppert, Former Daniel Meili, Medical Chief, Rick Falkvinge, Founder, Member of Parliament, Arne Kristensen, Executive Baroness Ruth Lister, Peer, ARUD (Association for Risk Pat O’Hare, Founding Peter Piot, Director, Pirate Party, Sweden Nanna W. Gotfredsen, Liberal Democrats, UK Director, Viva – Together House of Lords, UK Reduction in Use of Drugs), Director, Harm Reduction London School of Hygiene Executive Director, The for Children, Denmark Switzerland International, UK & Tropical Medicine; Tim Farron, Leader, Street Lawyers, Denmark Samia Hurst, Professor Fabienne Lopez, President, the Liberal Democrats; of Ethics, University of KShoo, Spokesperson and Principes Actifs, France Anne-Catherine Menetey- Katrín Oddsdóttir, Human Former Executive Director, João Goulão, Director- Rights Lawyer, Iceland UNAIDS; Discoverer of the Member of Parliament, Geneva, Switzerland co-founder, Federation Kari Lossius, Clinic Savary, Former Member of Liberal Democrats, UK General, General- of CIRCs (Collective for Parliament, Switzerland Fabrice Olivet, Director, Ebola virus, UK Directorate for Intervention Christian Imboden, Head Manager; Psychologist, Cédric Fazan, President, of Insomnia Consultation, Information and Research Norway Baroness Susan Miller, Peer, ASUD (Self Support of Giuiano Pisapia, Mayor, on Addictive Behaviours into Cannabis), France Drug Users), France Milan, Italy GREA (Addiction Studies), and Dependencies, Portugal Psychiatric Services, Caroline Lucas, Member House of Lords, UK Switzerland Solothurn, Switzerland Weronika Książkiewicz, Joachim B. Olsen, Member, Monika Platek, Founder Oliver Grehl, Psychiatrist; of Parliament, Green Franz Moggi, Head of the Baroness Lynne Eva Indriðadóttir, President, Actress, Poland Party, UK Psychotherapy Section and Danish Parliament; 2004 and President, Polish Psychotherapist; Executive Olympic silver medalist, Association for Legal Featherstone, Former Board member, Berner Social Democratic Youth, André Kuhn, Professor Lulu, Singer; Actress; TV the Clinical Psychological Drugs Minister; Former Iceland of Law, University of Service, University Hospital Denmark Education; Associate Gesundheit; Board member, Personality, UK Professor, University of Member of Parliament, UK The Swiss Society of Neuchatel, Switzerland of Psychiatry, Switzerland Pia Olsen Dyhr, Leader, Sigríður Ingibjörg Ketil Lund, Former Supreme Warsaw, Poland Laurence Fehlmann, Addiction Medicine, Ingadóttir, Member Danuta Kuroń, Social rights Paul Monaghan, Member SF Party; Member of Switzerland Court Justice, Norway, Parliament, Denmark John Podmore, Former Member of Parliament, of Parliament; Chair, advocate; Head, Social Norway of Parliament, Scottish Switzerland Committee of Health and Assistance Foundation, National Party, UK Börje Olsson, Professor Governor, Brixton and Alberto Grignolo, Chief Belmarsh Prisons; Professor, Operating Officer, YOOX Social Services, Iceland Poland Nigel Lythgoe, Film Emeritus of Sociology, Amanda Feilding, Founder, Director and Producer; TV Paul Monaghan, Member Durham University, UK Beckley Foundation; Net-a-Porter Group, Italy Katrín Jakobsdóttir, Peter Kurrild-Klitgaard, of Parliament, Scottish Stockholm University , Personality, UK Sweden Freek Polak, Psychiatrist, Scientist, UK Helgi Hrafn Gunnarsson, Member of Parliament Professor of Political National Party, UK and Chair, Left-Green Theory and Comparative Fiona Macaulay, Senior OnklP, Rapper, Norway Netherlands Drug Policy Gabriele Fischer, Professor, Member of Parliament, Sir Keith Morris, Former UK Foundation, Netherlands Icelandic Pirate Party, Party; Former Minister of Politics, Department of Lecturer, Bradford Department for Psychiatry University, UK Ambassador to Colombia, Rita Ora, Singer, UK and Psychotherapy, Iceland Education and Culture, Political Science, University UK Jacek Poniedziałek, Actor, Iceland, Iceland of Copenhagen, Denmark Rúnar Örn Olsen, Poland Medical University of Guðmundur Gunnarsson, Annie Machon, Former Intelligence Officer, MI5; Bubbi Morthens, Musician; President, Libertarian Vienna, Austria Former President, Electric Jean-Philippe Jeannerat, Sandro Kvitashvili, Minister Poet, Iceland Society of Iceland, Iceland Lidia Popiel, Photographer, Workers Trade Union, Former Secretary General, of Health, Ukraine, Ukraine European Director, Law Poland Aron Flam, Comedian, Enforcement Against Þorlákur Morthens, Artist, Wiktor Osiatynski, Sweden Iceland Swiss Social Party, Aleksander Kwaśniewski, Óttarr Proppé, Member of Switzerland Prohibition, UK Iceland Professor of Law, Central Helgi Gunnlaugsson, Former President, Poland, Parliament and Chairman, Janne Flyghed, Professor Lord Bob MacLennan, Peer, Denis Muller, Professor European University; of Criminology, Stockholm Criminologist; Professor of Christian Jessen, Doctor; Poland Professor of Human Rights, Bright Future party, Iceland Sociology, Iceland TV Presenter, UK House of Lords, UK of Theology, Univerity of University, Sweden Georges Lachaze, Project Lausanne, Switzerland University of Connecticut; Boris Quednow, Professor, Jón Steinar Gunnlaugsson, Svala Jóhannesdóttir, Manager, ASUD (Self Jacques-André Maire, Board member, Open Univerity of Zurich, Knud Foldschack, Attorney, Member of Parliament, Andreas Müller, Judge; Denmark Former Supreme Court Harm-reduction Worker, Support of Drug Users), Society Foundations, Switzerland Judge, Iceland, Iceland Iceland France Switzerland Author, Germany Poland Inger Forsgren, Anna Quigley, Co-ordinator, Barbara Gysi, Member of Kristoffer Joner, Actor, Norman Lamb, Former Raffaele Malinverni, Baroness Elaine Murphy, Lárus Ýmir Óskarsson, Film CityWide Drugs Crisis Chairperson, The Swedish Professor; Head of Peer, House of Lords, UK Association for Help to Parliament, Vice-President, Norway Health Minister, United Director, Iceland Campaign, Dublin, Ireland Socialist Party, Switzerland Kingdom, UK Department of Medicine, Peter Muyshondt, Director Drug Users, Sweden Birgitta Jónsdóttir, Hospital of Neuchatel, Cem Özdemir, National Alexandre Quintanilha, Steinn Thoroddsen Poetican; Member of Ingrid Lander, Associate of Operations, Voorkempen Chairman, the German Scientist; Former Director, Helga Sif Friðjónsdóttir, Switzerland Local Police, Belgium, Nurse; Harm reduction Halldórsson, Harm- Parliament, Icelandic Pirate Professor of Criminology, Green Party (Bündnis 90/ Institute of Molecular and reduction Worker; Medical Party, Iceland Stockholm University, Melpomeni-Minerva Belgium Die Grünen), Member of Cell Biology, University of worker/activist, Iceland Malliori, Professor of Student, Iceland Gunnlaugur Jónsson, Sweden Maajid Nawaz, Author; Parliament (Bundestag), Porto, Portugal Björn Fries, Former National Psychiatry, National Germany Robert Hämmig, President, Entrepreneur, Iceland Reverend James Langstaff, Columnist; Founding Amol Rajan, Editor-at-large, Drug Policy Coordinator, University of Athens, Chairman, Quilliam, UK Sweden, Sweden Swiss Society of Addiction Arnar Jónsson, Actor, Bishop of Rochester; Bishop Greece Piotr Pacewicz, Journalist; The Independent, UK Medecine, Switzerland Iceland to Prisons, UK Svatopluk Nemecek, Co-founder, Gazeta Laszlo Rajk, Architect; Peter Gabriel, Musician, UK Luigi Manconi, Senator; Wyborcza daily, Poland Baroness Sally Hamwee, Paul Larsson, Professor Minister of Health, Czech Political Activist, Hungary Matthieu Gafsou, Lord Frank Judd, Peer, President, Italian Senate Republic, Czech Republic Peer, House of Lords, UK House of Lords, UK of Criminology, Police Commission on Human Lord Brian Paddick, Joanna Rajkowska, Artist, Photographer, Switzerland University College, Oslo, Former Deputy Lord David Hannay, Peer, Rights, Italy Cornelius Nestler, Poland Richard Garside, Director, Sigríður Rut Júlíusdóttir, Norway Professor, University of Assistant Commissioner, House of Lords, UK Attorney, Iceland Lord Benjamin Mancroft, Lord David Ramsbotham, Centre for Crime and Hillevi Larsson, Member of Cologne, Germany Metropolitan Police Cezary Harasimowicz, Peer, House of Lords, UK (London), UK Peer, House of Lords, UK Justice Studies, UK Bjarki Karlsson, Poet, Parliament, Sweden Elivira Nicolaisen, Singer; Writer; Screenwriter, Iceland Christiphe Mani, Director, Árni Páll Árnason, Former RaskePenge, Recording Peter Gasser, Psychiatrist; Poland Richard Layard, Programme Songwriter, Norway Psychotherapist; Marcus Keane, Head of FASe (Federation of Minister of Social Affairs; Artist; Journalist; Author, Director, Centre for Animation, Geneva), Brynjar Níelsson, Denmark Practioner; LSD-researcher; Miklos Haraszti, UN Special Policy, Ana Liffey Drug Economic Performance, Former Minister of Rapporteur on the situation Switzerland Member of Parliament, Business Affairs, Iceland; President, Swiss Medical Project, Ireland London School of Independence Party, Luc Recordon, Former Association for Psycholytic of human rights in Belarus; Economics, UK Michael Mansfield, Member of Parliament, Member of Parliament, Adjunct Professor, School Yasser Khazaal, Vice- Iceland Social Democratic Alliance, Therapy. Solothurn, President, Society of Social Barrister, Head of Switzerland Switzerland of International & Public Klaus Legau, CEO, AIDS- Mansfield Chambers, UK Zbigniew Niemczycki, Iceland Affairs of Columbia Law Psychiatry, Switzerland Fondet, Denmark Entrepreneur; Founder, Jason Reed, Executive Tony Geoghegan, CEO, Ada Mara, Member of Kristín I. Pálsdóttir, Director, Law Enforcement School, Hungary Margaret Kiener Nellen, Herbert Leherr, Head Polish Business Roundtable, Spokeswoman, The Root - Merchants Quay Ireland, Member of Parliament, Parliament, Switzerland Poland Against Prohibition UK, UK Ireland Atli Harðarson, Philosopher, of Addiction & Forensic Association on Women’s Iceland Switzerland Department, Psychiatric Lord Jonathan Marks, Arie C. Nieuwenhuijzen Issues Relating to Alcohol Kenzi Riboulet Zemouli, Roberto Giachetti, Services Thurgau; Board Barrister; Peer, House of Head of Advocacy, A.P. Hardon, Professor of Jørgen Kjær, Kruseman, Former and Addiction, Iceland Vice-Chair, Chamber of BrugerForeningen, Danish member, The Swiss Society Lords, UK President, Royal Dutch Artaud Foundation for an Deputies, Democratic Anthropology, University of Addiction Medicine, Francesco Panese, Alternative Approach to of Amsterdam; Former Drug User’s Union, Jean Martin, Former Head Medical Association, Professor of Sociology, Party, Italy Copenhagen, Denmark Switzerland of Health Sector, Cantonal Netherlands Addiction and Substance Scientific Director, Univerity of Lausanne, Dependence, Spain Hedda Giertsen, Professor, Amsterdam Institute for Andriy Klepikov, Executive Annie Lennox, Musician, Doctor, Vaud, Switzerland Anders Nilsson, Professor Switzerland Department of Criminology Social Science Research, Director, Alliance for Public UK Dick Marty, Former of Criminology, Stockholm Monika Ridinger, Head and Sociology, University of Marco Pannella, Former Physician, Centre for Netherlands Health, Ukraine Clive Lewis, Member of Prosecutor General, University, Sweden Member, European Oslo, Norway Member of Government, Addiction Psychiatry Johann Hari, Author; Arild Knutsen, President, Parliament, Labour Party, Johan Norberg, Author; Parliament; President, & Psychotherapy, The Thor Gislason, Independent Journalist, UK Association for Humane UK Ticino Canton, Switzerland Documentary filmmaker, Nonviolent Radical Party, Project Manager, Iceland Psychiatric Services Aargau, Justus Haucap, Professor, Drug Policies, Norway Yaël Liebkind, Head, La Larysa Matyukha, Head, Sweden Italy Switzerland Björn Valur Gíslason, Düsseldorf Institute for Vasyl Knyazevytch, Main Tendue (The Reach the All-Ukrainian Family Manfred Nowak, Former George Papandreou, Fisherman; Vice Member Doctors Association, Jean-Charles Rielle, Former Competition Economics, Former Minister of Health, Out Hand), Switzerland UN Special Rapporteur Former Prime Minister, Member of Parliament, of Parliament; Vice-Chair, Germany Ukraine; Head of the Board, Ukraine on Torture; Professor of Greece, Greece Left-Green Party, Iceland Michael Liebrenz, Head Switzerland Anita Heber, Associate All-Ukrainian League of of research, Forensic Liliane Maury Pasquier, International Law and William Patey, Former Jón Gnarr, Former Mayor, Hospice and Palliative Member of Parliament, Human Rights, University Jeorge Marc Professor of Criminology, Psychiatric Service, UK Ambassador to Riesen, Psychiatrist; Reykjavik, Iceland Stockholm University, Care, Ukraine Institute of Legal Switzerland of Vienna; Director, Ludwig Afghanistan, Sudan, Iraq, Boltzmann Institute of Psychotherapist; Treasurer, Sweden Tom Koenigs, Member Medicine, University Bern, Federico Mayor Zaragoza, and Saudi Arabia, UK The Swiss Society of Switzerland Human Rights, Austria Helga Vala Helgadóttir, of Parliament, German Former Director-General Addiction Medicine, Attorney, Iceland Bundestag, Germany of UNESCO; Chairman, Switzerland Foundation for a Culture of Peace, Spain 4 SIGNATORIES Institutional affiliations and titles are included solely for identification purposes and should not be understood as indicating the respective organization’s agreement with the content of this letter.

Alexander Rinnooy Javier Solana, Former Rory G. Truell, Secretary- Paul Whitehouse, Former LATIN AMERICA & Pedro Cahn, Former Carlos Diegues, Film Mark Golding, Former Kan, Businessman; European Union High General, International Chief Constable, Sussex, CARIBBEAN President, International Director; Co-Founder, New Minister of Justice, Jamaica, Mathematician; Senator, Representative, Common Federation of Social UK Rodrigo Abel, Sub- AIDS Society, Argentina Cinema movement, Brazil Jamaica Democrats 66, Netherlands Foreign and Security Policy, Workers; Honorary Hans-Rudolf Wicker, Secretary of Special Social Alberto Calabrese, Director, Amaro Domingues, Claudio Gonçalves Couto, Ole Røgeberg, Economist, Spain, Spain Professor, Durham Professor and Former Protection, City of Rio de Postgraduate Certificate in President, Maré Olympic Professor, São Paulo Frisch Centre, University of Viorel Soltan, Director, University, Switzerland Director, Institute for Social Janeiro; Member, Brazilian Addictions, University of Complex, Brazil Business Administration Oslo, Norway Center for Health Policies Margrét Tryggvadóttir, Anthropology, University of Commission on Drugs and Tucuman, Argentina Andrés Gil Domínguez, School; Executive Secretary, Sveinung Rotevatn, and Studies, Moldova Writer; Former Member Bern, Switzerland Democracy, Brazil Julio Calzada, Former Professor of Constitutional National Association of Member of Parliament, Carlo Sommarugga, of Parliament, Citizens Francis Wilkinson, Former Pedro Abramovay, Secretary General, Law, University of Buenos Social Science Graduate Liberal Party, Norway Member of Parliament, Movement, Iceland Chief Constable, Gwent, UK Regional Director, Latin Uruguay’s National Drugs Aires; PhD in Law, Programs and Research, Brazil Claudia Roth, Vice Switzerland Kalle Tryggvesson, Hubert Wimber, Police America & the Caribbean, Board, Uruguay Argentina President, German Berne Stålenkrantz, Associate Professor of Chief, Muenster, Germany Open Society Foundations, Lusmarina Campos Agustín Echeverri, Simone Gonçalves de Assis, Criminology, Stockholm Brazil Researcher, Latin American Parliament (Bundestag), Chairperson and Founder, Zbigniew Wodecki, Garcia, Researcher, Federal Economist, Argentina Germany Swedish Drug Users Union, University, Sweden Luiz Alberto Gómez de University of Rio de Janeiro Centre for Violence and Musician, Poland Eduardo Eugênio Gouvêa Health Studies, Brazil Ina Roll Spinnangr, Sweden Lord Leslie Turnberg, Peer, Souza, Member, Brazilian Law School; Lutheran Vieira Filho, Board member, House of Lords, UK Grażyna Wolszczak, Actor, Commission on Drugs and Priest, Brazil Dagoberto Gutiérrez, Vice Coordinator, Association of Tomasz Stańko, Musician, Poland Viva Rio, Brazil Safer Drug Policies, Norway Poland Volodymyr Tymoshenko, Democracy, Brazil Roberto Cañas, Academic; Chancellor, Salvadoran Neil Woods, Former Sergio Fajardo, Former Lutheran University, El David Rowntree, Musician; Zygmunt Staszczyk, Former Head, State Service Father Xavier Albó, Jesuit Signatory, Peace Accords in Mayor, Medellín; Former on Drug Control; Former Undercover Drugs Father; Anthropologist; Co- El Salvador, El Salvador Salvador Drummer, Blur, UK Musician, Poland Detective Sergeant; Governor, Antioquia, General, Security Service of founder, CIPCA; Recipient, Fernando Henrique Colombia Agustin Grijalva, Academic Sveinn Rúnar Hauksson, Stefán Karl Stefánsson, Ukraine; Member, Human Chairman, Law Condor of the Andes, Member, Ecuador Board of Family Physician, Iceland Actor, Iceland Enforcement Against Cardoso, Former President, Joaquim Falcão, Director, Dignity Coalition, Ukraine Bolivia Brazil, Brazil Higher Education, Ecuador Hafþór Sævarsson, Chair, Jean-François Steiert, Prohibition UK, UK Getúlio Vargas Foundation Ambros Uchtenhagen, Renata Almeida Fernando Carrera, Former Rio de Janeiro Law School; Otto Guevara Guth, Young Pirates, Iceland Member of Parliament, Professor, ISGF (Institute Ewa Woydyllo, Doctor Magalhães, Film Producer, Congressman, Libertarian Switzerland of Psychology; Addiction Minister of Foreign Affairs, Former Counselor, National Jerzy Sarnecki, Professor for Addiction and Health Executive Producer and Guatemala, Guatemala Justice Council, Brazil Movement, Costa Rica Emeritus of Criminology, Guðmundur Steingrímsson, Research), Switzerland therapist; Coordinator, Actress, Brazil Regional Program for Rubem César Fernandes, Atilio Falconi, Director, Carolina Haber, Researcher Stockholm University, Member of Parliament, Heidi Uldahl, Beatriz Alqueres, Member, Director on Access to Sweden Bright Future party, Iceland Counteracting Addictions, Executive Director, Viva Laboratory of the Chairman, Chairman, Stefan Batory Foundation, Secretariat, Global Rio, Brazil Neurobiology of Sleep, Justice, Public Defense Jean-Félix Savary, Secretary Baroness Vivian Stern, Peer, PårørendeNetværket Poland Comission on Drug Policy, University of the Republic, Office, State of Rio de General, GREA (Addiction House of Lords, UK AntiStigma, The Network Brazil Arnaldo César Ricci Jacob, Janeiro, Brazil Georg Wurth, CEO, German Journalist; Founder, Viva Uruguay Studies), Switzerland of Relatives of People Who Vinicius Alvarenga, Thor Halvorssen, Founder, Alex Stevens, Deputy Use Drugs, Denmark Cannabis Association, Rio, Brazil Luis Fernando Tófoli, Roberto Saviano, Journalist; Head, School of Social Entrepreneur; Member, Oslo Freedom Forum; Germany Ernesto César, Director, Psychiatrist; Professor, Writer; Essayist, Italy Policy, Sociology and Social Andries A. van Agt, Pense Livre network, Brazil Campinas University, Brazil Human rights advocate; Former Prime Minister, the Volodymyr Yaschenko, Costa Rican Association for Film producer, Venezuela Harmut Schneider, Judge, Research, University of Fabio Amado, Coordinator, Kent, UK Netherlands, Netherlands Former Deputy Head, State the Study and Intervention Emílio Figueiredo, Lawyer; District Court of Luebeck, Service on Drug Control; Human Rights Centre, in Drugs; Anthropolgist, Member, Growroom; Vicki J. Hanson, Germany, Germany Sting, Musician, UK Harry F. van den Haak, Vice-President, Institute for Public Defense Office of Rio Costa Rica Member, Judicial Network Coordinator, SSDP-UWI Former President, Dutch the Study of Dependencies, de Janeiro, Brazil for Drug Policy Reform, (Mona), Jamaica., Jamaica Jann Schumacher, Thorvald Stoltenberg, Association of Judges Sandro Costa, Former President, Ticino Addiction, Former Minister of Defense; Drug Policy Issues and Giselle Amador, Doctor Officer, Military Police, Brazil Juan Carlos Hidalgo, and Public Prosecutors, Monitoring the Drug of Medicine, Costa Rican Columnist, La Nación; Switzerland Former Minister of Foreign Netherlands State of Rio de Janeiro; Renato Filev, Affairs, Norway; Former Situation, Ukraine College of Physicians, Former Chief of the City Neuroscientist; Member, Policy Analyst, Cato Jean Christophe Bregje F. van Eekelen, Costa Rica Institute, Costa Rica Schwaab, Member of UN High Commissioner for Tomas Zabransky, Guard; Sub-Secretary Pense Livre network, Brazil Refugees, Norway Professor, History of Commissioner, Johns Giselle Amador Muñoz, of Public Security, São Jorge Hilário Gouvêa Vieira, Parliament; President, Law Society Department, Luis Flávio Sapori, Commission, Switzerland Harry Sumnall, Professor, Hopkins – Lancet Director, Integral Gonçalo City, Brazil Coordinator, Public Security Former Finance Secretary, Erasmus University, Commission on Drug Policy Program for Doctors with State of Rio de Janeiro, Graham Seaby, Former Liverpool John Moores Netherlands Leonardo Costa, Former Research Centre, Pontifical University, UK and Public Health, Czech Problematic Drug Use, Deputy Secretary, Catholic University of Rio Brazil Detective Superintendent, Mabel van Oranje, Republic College of Physicians, New Scotland Yard, UK Sune Sunesson, Professor Presidency of Uruguay, de Janeiro, Brazil Anthony Hylton, Former Advocate, Netherlands Jacek Żakowski, Journalist, Costa Rica Uruguay Minister of Foreign Affairs, Toby Seddon, Professor, Emeritus of Social Work, Kadian Francis, Director, Lund University, Sweden Lars Vaular, Rapper, Poland Cel. Ubiratan Angelo, Rafael Custódio, SSDP-UWI Mona, Jamaica Jamaica, Jamaica University of Manchester, Norway Former Commander, UK Halldór Auðar Svansson, Serhiy Zhadan, Artist; Poet; Coordinator, Justice Alex Freyre, Executive Coronel Ibis Silva Pereira, Lord Rumi Verjee, Civil Activist, Ukraine Military Police, State of Rio Program, Conectas Humans Former Commander, André Seidenberg, City Councillor, Reykjavík, de Janeiro, Brazil Director, Fundación Buenos Iceland Entrepreneur; Founder, Frank Zobel, Former Right, Brazil Aires SIDA (Buenos Military Police, State of Rio Addiction Specialist; Domino’s Pizza UK, UK Marco Antonio Carvalho de Janeiro, Brazil Founder, Association for Bengt Svensson, Professor Head of Policy Analysis, Pablo Cymerman, Aires AIDS Foundation), Umberto Veronesi, Former European Monitoring Teixeira, Professor, Getulio Intercambios Civil Argentina Francisco Inácio Bastos, Risk Reduction in Use of Emeritus of Social Work, Vargas Foundation Drugs, Zürich, Switzerland Malmö University, Sweden Minister of Health, Italy, Centre for Drugs and Drug Association, Argentina Paulo Gadelha, President, Researcher, Fiocruz; Italy Addiction, Switzerland Bussiness Administration Coordinator, National Suzanne Sharkey, Former Lord Dick Taverne, Former School, Brazil Jorge Da Silva, Associate Brazilian Comission on Jerzy Vetulani, Member, Serge Zombek, President, Professor, State University Drugs and Democracy; Survey on Crack Use, Brazil Constable and Undercover Director, Institute for Fiscal Roberto Artavia Loría, Operative, Northumbria Studies; Former Member of Polish Skills Academy; Brussels Addictions of Rio de Janeiro; Former President, Oswaldo Cruz Maria Isabel Barroso Corresponding Member, Federation (Fédération President, Latinoamérica Chief of General Staff, Foundation (Fiocruz), Brazil Salgado, Board member, Constabulary; Director of Parliament, UK Posible Foundation, Costa Recovering Justice, UK Polish Academy of Bruxelloise des Institutions Military Police of Rio de Andrea Gallassi, Professor Viva Rio, Brazil Frank Tempel, Member of Sciences; Honorary pour Toxicomane), Belgium Rica Janeiro; Former Human Ognian Shentov, Chairman, Parliament (Bundestag), and Reseacher, Drugs and Ras Iyah V, Chairman, Member, Indian Academy Grazia Zuffa, Psychologist; Marvin Atencio Delgado, Rights Secretary, Rio de Associated Vulnerabilities Westmorland Hemp and Center for the Study of Germany of Neuroscience, Poland Congressman, Civil Action Janeiro, Brazil Democracy, Bulgaria Psychotherapist; Member, Centre, University of Ganja Farmers Assoc, Harald Terpe, Member of Peter Vickerman, Professor Italian Committee on Party, Costa Rica Rosiska Darcy de Oliveira, Brasília, Brazil Jamaica Larry Sherman, Professor Parliament (Bundestag), of Infectious Disease Bioethics, Italy Edmar Bacha, Director, Writer; Member, Brazilian and Director, Institute of Alliance 90/The Greens, Carlos Garcia Carnelli, Giorgio Jackson, Modelling, University Josef Zysiadis, Former Casa das Garças; Member, Academy of Letters, Brazil Co-Chair, Interdisciplinary Congressman, Chilean Criminology, University of Germany of Bristol; Member, Brazilian Commission on Cambridge, UK Minister, Canton of Vaud, José Murilo de Carvalho, Center for Cannabis House of Representatives, Lord Robin Teverson, Peer, Johns Hopkins–Lancet Switzerland; Member of Drugs and Democracy, Political Scientist, Historian; Studies, University of the Chile Roger Shrubb, Former House of Lords, UK Commission on Drug Policy Parliament, Switzerland Brazil Member, Brazilian Republic, Uruguay and Health, UK Mario Alberto Juliano, Royal Navy Officer, Former Henrik Tham, Professor Rodrigo Baptista Pacheco, Academy of Letters, Brazil Magistrate, UK Þórhildur Þorleifsdóttir, Diego Garcia-Sayan, Executive Director, Emeritus of Criminology, Jindrich Voboril, National Theater Director; Former 2nd General Public Sub- Miguel de Faria Júnior, Film Former Minister of Justice; Asociación Pensamiento Sławomir Sierakowski, Stockholm University, Drug Co-ordinator, Czech Member of Parliament, Defender, State of Rio de Director, Brazil Foreign Minister of Penal, Argentina Head, Krytyka Polityczna Sweden Republic, Czech Republic Women’s Party, Iceland Janeiro, Brazil Affairs, Peru; Judge, Inter- think tank, Poland Gustavo de Greiff, Ricardo Lagos, Former Ninna Thomsen, Mayor Fredrik von Kieseritzky, Willum Þór Þórsson, César Barreira, Professor, Former Attorney General, American Court of Human President, Chile, Chile Olivier Simon, President, of Health and Care, Medicinal Chemist, Sweden Federal University of Ceará, Rights, Peru Member of Parliament, Colombia; Former Ricardo Lagos Weber, College of Addiction Copenhagen, Denmark Irma Vytovska, Actor, Progressive Party, Iceland Brazil Colombian Ambassador to Roberto Gargarella, Medicine, Switzerland President of the Senate, Eva Tiby, Professor of Ukraine Steinunn Ólína Osvaldo Bayer, Writer; Mexico, Colombia CONICET researcher; PhD Chile Kamil Sipowicz, Journalist; Criminology, Stockholm Helge Waal, Professor of Þorsteinsdóttir, Actress; Journalist; Historian, José Viana de Oliveira in Law, Argentina Philosopher; Poet; Sculptor, University, Sweden Argentina Elena Landau, Economist; Psychiatry, University of Editor, The Women’s Paper, Paula, Film Director; Alejandro Gaviria, Minister Lawyer, Brazil Poland Olga Tokarczuk, Writer, Oslo, Norway Iceland Héctor Berrios, Coordinator, Founder, Viva Rio, Brazil of Health and Social Rodrigo Lara, Pernille Skipper, Member of Poland Baroness Joan Walmsley, Pétur Þorsteinsson, Chair, Movimiento Unificado Maria Cecília de Souza Protection, Colombia, Parliament, Denmark Francisco Sanchez-1932 Colombia Representative, Bogota; Akos Topolanszky, Former Peer, House of Lords, UK Icelandic Civil Liberties Minayo, Researcher, National Director, Radical Union (Snarrótin-ICLU), (The Francisco Sanchez Latin American Center César Gaviria Trujillo, Carel E. Smith, Professor, Hungarian National Drug Rollin Wavre, Member, United Movement-1932), El Change Party, Colombia Leiden University Law Coordinator; Member, Iceland for Violence and Health Former President, National Central Salvador Juan Mario Laserna, Former School, Netherlands European Economic and Committee, FDP (Liberal Þorsteinn Þorsteinsson, Studies, Brazil Colombia, Colombia Social Committee, Hungary Luciana Boiteux, Associate Deputy Minister of Finance, Jeff Smith, Member of Party), Switzerland Literary Critic, Iceland Reverend Martin Ignacio Ana María Gazmuri, Colombia; Former Senator, Professor of Criminal Law, Diaz Velasquez, Senior President, Daya Parliament, Labour Party, Per Ole Träskman, Professor Niels Westy, Economist; Federal University of Rio de Colombia UK Emeritus of Penal Law, Lund Pastor, Evangelical Foundation, Chile International commentator Janeiro, Brazil Elizabeth Leeds, Honorary University, Sweden at “Børsen”, Newspaper, Protestant Church of El Rodrigo Giringhelli de Stanisław Sojka, Musician, Adrian Bonilla, Secretary Salvador, El Salvador President, Brazilian Public Poland Denmark Azevedo, Coordinator, Security Forum, Brazil General, The Latin Claudia Dides, Executive Postgraduate Program in American Social Sciences Director, Miles Foundation, Social Science, Pontifical Institute, Costa Rica Chile Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Institutional affiliations and titles are included solely for identification purposes and should not be understood as SIGNATORIES 5 indicating the respective organization’s agreement with the content of this letter.

Julita Lemgruber, Janete Nazareth Guilherme, Sérgio Salomão Shecaira, Dráuzio Varella, Medical Gerardo Cándano Conesa, Héctor A. Mendoza C., Teresa Venguer, Culture Kamal Lahbib, President, Coordinator, Centre of Director of Women of Professor, University of São Doctor, University of São Businessman Professor, Autonomous of lawfulness coordinator, Moroccan Alternatives Studies on Security and Salgueiro, Integration and Paulo Law School, Brazil Paulo, Brazil Amparo Casar, Lawyer University of Nuevo Mexico United Against Forum (Forum des Citizenship, Candido Community Development Leon; Member, College of Crime Alternatives Maroc), Miguel Samper, Former Mario Vargas Llosa, Nobel Jorge Castañeda, Former Mendes University, Brazil in Action Centre of Deputy Minister of Justice, Prize in Literature, 2010, Bioethics Juan Villoro, Writer; Morocco Salgueiro, Brazil Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Roberto Lent, Professor, Colombia, Colombia Peru Mexico Maria Elena Morera Mitre, Journalist Boubker Largou, President, Federal University of Rio de Flávia Oliveira, Columnist, Activist The Moroccan Human Sergio Sanchez, Public Osmar Vargas Oliveira, Daniel Castillejos Giovanna Zacarias, Actor Janeiro, Brazil O Globo; Broadcast Health Specialist, Reform Counselor, Public Security Miguel Angel Orozco Rights Organization Commentator, Globo News, Cifuentes, Lawyer; J. Arturo Zapata, (L’Organisation Marocaine Cecilia Lopez M., Former Foundation Latin America Council, State of Rio de Specialist in Social Deza, Director General, Businessman; University Minister of Agriculture; Brazil (Fundación Latinoamérica Janeiro (Consperj), Brazil International Relations of des Droits Humain), Responsibility Professor Morocco Former Minister of Salvador Paiz, President, Reforma), Chile Martin Vazquez Acuña, Grupo Salinas Environment, Colombia; FunSEPA, Guatemala Eugenio Clariond Reyes Ernesto Zedillo, Former Oren Lebovich, Chairman, Gabriel Santos Judge on Criminal Retana, Businessman Adalberto Palma Gómez, President, Mexico Former Senator, Colombia Jorge Vicente Paladines, Elias, Institutional Matters, Court of Appeals, Former Chairman, Board Green Leaf Party, Israel Daniel Lozoya Constant Professor of Criminology, Relations Coordinator, Argentina Fray Julián Cruzalta, of Directors, Center for Julio Frenk, Former Yaron London, Media Founder, Catholics for the Secretary of Health, Lopes, Public Defender, Andean University Simón Brazilian Platform on Drug Mauro Ventura, Journalist Excellence in Corporate Personality; Actor; State of Rio de Janeiro, Bolívar, Ecuador Policy, Brazil Right to Decide (Catolicas Governance Mexico; Former Dean of Journalist, Israel and Columnist, O Globo, por el Derecho a Decidir) Faculty and Professor, Brazil Luciane Patrício, Associate Renato Sérgio de Lima, Brazil Catalina Pérez Correa, Abdellah Mousseddad, Luis de la Barreda Harvard School of José Luiz Ratton, Professor, Professor, Public Security Vice-President, Executive Zuenir Ventura, Journalist, Lawyer & Researcher, Public Health; President, Secretary General, Federal University of Department, Law School, Council, Brazilian Public Solórzano, Founding Center for Research and Moroccan Prison Writer; Member, Brazilian President, Human Rights University of Miami Pernambuco, Brazil Fluminense Federal Security Forum, Brazil Academy of Letters, Brazil Teaching in Economics Observatory (Observatoire University, Brazil Commission of the Federal (Centro de Investigación y Marocaine des Prisons), Susana Mallo, Former Paulo Sette Câmara, Oscar Vilhena Vieira, District Dean, Faculty of Social Ana Paula Pellegrino, Former Secretary of Docencia Económicas) MIDDLE EAST & NORTH Morocco Professor, Getúlio Vargas Luis de la Calle, Economist AFRICA Sciences, University of the Researcher, Igarape Social Defense, State Foundation Law School, Alex Ramirez, President, Karine Nassar, Director, Republic, Uruguay Institute; Coordinator, of Pará; Former Police Brazil Juan Ramón de la Fuente, Mexican Business Council Elie Aaraj, Executive Nursing Care & João Roberto Marinho, Pense Livre Network, Brazil Commissioner, Federal Former Secretary of Health, Alejandro Ramírez Magaña, director, Middle East Community Development Police, Brazil Jean Wyllys, Congressman, Mexico and North African Harm (Soins Infirmiers Vice-Director, O Globo Merval Pereira, Writer Socialism and Liberty Party Director General, Cinépolis media group, Brazil and Columnist, O Globo; Ricardo Soberon, Lawyer, Reduction Association, & Développement of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Juan Pablo del Valle, Fernando Ramos Casas, Communautaire), Lebanon Member, Brazilian Drugs and Human Rights President, Mexichem; Lebanon Cedella Marley, Daughter Luis Yarzabal, Scientific Customs broker of Bob Marley; CEO of Academy of Letters, Brazil Research Center, Peru Businessman Abdellatif Adbib, President, Sahar Shamayleh, Researcher; Former Alejandra Rangel, Confederation of the Coordinator, Jordanian Tuff Gong International, Andrés Pino, Local Rogério Sottili, Special Director, International Ernesto Pazmiño Granizo, Philosophy/College Jamaica Coordinator, Students for Secretary of Human Rights, Sanhadja Associations NGOs Network Against Institute of UNESCO for Public Defender General, professor AIDS, Jordan Liberty, El Salvador Ministry of Women, Racial Ecuador for Development Rohan Marley, Son of Bob Superior Education in Carlos Requena, Criminal (Confédération des Marley; Founder, Marley Julian Quintero, Director, Equality and Human Rights, Latin America and the Jamila Siouri, President, Brazil Antonio del Valle Lawyer associations de Sanhadja Adala Association, Coffee, Jamaica Acción Técnica Social, Caribbean, Uruguay Perochena, Businessman Jesús Reyes Heroles, pour le développement) Morocco Rita Marley, Wife of Bob Colombia Margarita Stolbizer, Raul Eugenio Zafaronni, Morocco Legislator, Argentina Denise Dresser, Political Economist; Former Boaz Wachtel, Founder and Marley; International Edinilsa Ramos de Souza, Judge, Inter American scientist; Columnist Ambassador of Mexico to Ahmed Arehmouch, reggae icon, Jamaica Researcher, Latin American Pedro Daniel Strozemberg, Human Rights Court; Former Chairman, Green Carlos Elizondo Mayer the U. S Coordinator, National Leaf Party, Israel, Israel Alvaro Roman Marquez, Centre for Violence and Executive Secretary, Former member, Federation of Berber Health Studies, Brazil Religion Studies Institute; Argentinean Supreme Serra, Professor of Yamil Rezc, Musician Rewan Youssif, Regional Professor, Central Political Science, Center Associations (Fédération University of Ecuador, Yesid Reyes, Minister Council Member, Casa Court of Justice, Argentina Santiago Roel, Director, Nationale des Associations Focal Point, Middle East Fluminense, Brazil for Economic Research and North Africa, Global Ecuador of Justice, Colombia, Aldo Zaiden, and Teaching (Centro de Semaphore Citizen Amazigh), Morocco Colombia Ilona Szabó, Executive Psychoanalyst; Member, (Semáforo Ciudadano) Youth Coalition on HIV/ Cristiano Maronna, Investigación y Docencia My Ahmed Douraidi, AIDS, Lebanon Executive Secretary, Claudio Rezende Barbosa, Director, Igarapé Institute; Pense Livre network, Brazil Económicas) Ricardo Salinas, Founder Coordinator of the Executive Secretary, Global Tamar Zandberg, Member Brazilian Platform on Drug Psychologist; Member, Chris Blackwell, Alejandro Encinas, Senator, and Chairman, Grupo Committee, International Policy, Brazil Pense Livre network, Brazil Comission on Drug Policy, Businessman; Founder of Salinas Forum on Kif and Drugs, of the Knesset; Chair, Brazil Mexico Committee on Drug and Ivan Marques, Executive Melina Risso, Public Island Records, Jamaica/ Lisa Sanchez, Latin Tangier, Morocco Antonio Felix Tavares, UK Vicente Fox, Former Alcohol Abuse, Israel Director, Sou da Paz Security Specialist; President, Mexico American Programme Golda Eid, Executive Institute, Brazil Member, Pense Livre Board member, Viva Rio, Manager, Transform Drug Director, Regional/Arab network, Brazil Brazil Gael Garcia Bernal, Actor; Policy Foundation and Network Against AIDS, OCEANIA Elysio Medeiros Pires Filho, MEXICO Director Mexico United Against Board member, Viva Rio, Maria Rita Kehl, Writer; José Vicente Tavares dos Lebanon Max Abbott, Pro Vice- Santos, Professor, Federal Agustin Acosta, Partner, Alberto Garza Crime (México Unido Brazil Psychoanalyst; Former Araujo, Araujo and Acosta, Contra la Delincuencia) Ahmed Elhaij, President, Chancellor, Dean, and Member of National Truth University of Rio Grande do Santos, Businessman; Moroccan Association Professor, Faculty of Daniel Mejia Londoño, Sul, Brazil Legal Consultants Environmentalist Armando Santacruz, Economist, University of Comission, Brazil for Human Rights Health and Environmental Paulo Teixeira, Héctor Aguilar Camín, Roberta Garza-Medina, Businessman; Co-founder, (L’Association Marocaine Sciences, Auckland the Andes, Colombia João Roberto Marinho, Writer; Journalist; Historian Mexico United Against Vice-Director, O Globo Congressman, Workers Columnist des Droits Humains), University of Technology, Fabio Mesquita, HIV/AIDs Party of São Paulo, Brazil Crime (México Unido Morocco New Zealand Media Group, Brazil Sarah Aguilar Flaschka, Pablo Girault, Businessman Specialist, Brazil Adviser, Mexican Senate Contra la Delincuencia) Luiz Roberto Tenório, Board Manuel Thedim, Director, Mustapha Elhattab, Jacinda Ardern, Member Michel Misse, Coordinator, Research Institute of Work Bernardo González- Patricio Santillan-Doherty, Board member, Moroccan of Parliament and Justice member, Viva Rio, Brazil Rubén Aguilar Valenzuela, Aréchiga, Academic Centre of Studies on Urban and Society, Brazil Professor; Political Analyst Medical Director, National Observatory of Public Spokesperson, New Violence, Conflict and Maíra Rocha Machado, Institute of Respiratory Triston N Thompson, Ganja Eduardo Guerrero Freedoms (Observatoire Zealand Labour Party, New Citizenship, Brazil Professor, Getúlio Vargas Gonzalo Aguilar Zinser, Gutiérrez, Consultant, Diseases; President, The Marocain des Libertés Zealand Foundation Law School, Law Reform Advocate; Lawyer, Mexico; Member, College of Bioethics Fabiano Monteiro, Grassroots Farmer Public Safety and Publiques), Morocco Michael Balderstone, Brazil Board of Advisors, VMS Government Transparency; Assistant Professor, Organizer, Jamaica Associates, LLC Javier Sicilia, Founder, Mustapha Elmanouzi, President, Australian Fluminense Federal César Rodríguez Garavito, Columnist, El Financiero Movement for Peace with Juan Gabriel Tokatlián, President, Moroccan HEMP Party; President, University, Brazil Director, Dejusticia, Andrés Aguinaco, Lawyer Héctor Gutiérrez, Reverend, Justice and Dignity in Forum for Truth and Justice Nimbin HEMP Embassy, Colombia Director, Department Mexico; Poet; Journalist Pedro Moreira Salles, of Political Science and Dolores Aguinaco, Lawyer Church of the Metropolitan (Forum Marocain pour Australia Community (Iglesia de la la Vérité et la Justice); Economist and Historian, Mauricio Rodriguez, International Studies, Fabian Aguinaco, Lawyer Said Slim Pasaran, Peter Baume, Former Yale Universitiy; President, Journalist; University University Torcuato Di Comunidad Metropolitana) Integración Social, Verter President, Moroccan Minister for Education; Board of Directors, Itaú Professor; Former Tella, Argentina Mariló Aja, Lawyer Arnoldo Kraus, Doctor; A.C. Center for Democracy and Former Minister for Unibanco Bank, Brazil Ambassador of Colombia Security (Centre Marocain Graciela Touzé, President, Gaz Alazraki, Writer; Writer; Professor, Faculty Zara Snapp, Author; Health; Former Minister to the UK, Colombia Director; Producer of Medicine, National pour la Démocratie et la for Indigenous Affairs, Constanza Moreira, Intercambios Civil Member of Secretariat, Sécurité), Morocco Senator; Professor, Faculty Marta Rodriguez de Assis Association, Argentina Enrique Álvarez del Rio, Autonomous University of Global Commission on Australia; Former of Social Sciences; Former Machado, Professor, Businessman Mexico Drug Policy Abdallah Hanatleh, Chancellor, Australian candidate, Presidency of Getúlio Vargas Foundation Jésus Trindade Barreto Director General, Forearms National University, Junior, Former Deputy Asunción Álvarez del Río, Luisa Conesa Labastida, Cecilia Soto, Former the Republic, Uruguay Law School, Brazil Lawyer of Change Center to Enable Australia Police Chief, Civil Police, Faculty Member, Faculty Federal Deputy for Sonora, Community, Jordan Nelson Motta, Journalist Milton Romani, Secretary State of Minas Gerais, of Medicine, National Marta Lamas, Professor of Mexico; Former Labor Party Neal Blewett, Former and Columnist, O Globo, General, Uruguay’s Brazil Autonomous University of Political Science, National candidate, Presidency of Hakima Himmich, Minister for Health, Brazil National Drugs Board; Mexico President, Association for Australia, Australia Simón Valdivieso Mexico Autonomous University of Former Uruguayan Mexico the Fight Against AIDS Phillip Boulten, Barrister; Robert Muggah, Research Vintimilla, Professor, Pedro Aspe, Former Ricardo Tapia, Researcher (Association de Lutte Director, Igarapé Institute, Ambassador to the Emeritus, National Past President, New South Organization of American Criminal Law, University of Minister of Finances, Silvia Lemus, Journalist Contre le Sida), Morocco Brazil Cuenca, Ecuador Mexico Autonomous University of Wales Bar Association, States, Uruguay Diego Luna, Actor; Director Mexico Asa Kasher, Philosopher; Australia Maria Julia Muñoz, Katie Valk, Member, Aram Barra, Mexico Denis Russo Burgierman, Alejandro Madrazo, Professor, Tel Aviv Peter M. Brooks, Minister of Education and Belize Decriminalization United Against Crime Juan Francisco Torres University; Linguist, Israel Culture, Uruguay, Uruguay Editor-in-chief, Director, The Right to Landa, Corporate Attorney Professorial Fellow, Superinteressante Committee, Belize (México Unido Contra la Health Program, Division Delincuencia) and Secretary General, Kamal Lahbib, Coordinator, Centre for Health Policy, Andres Cristian Nacht, Magazine, Brazil Joao Pedro Chaves of Legal Studies, Center for Modernity and Democracy Melbourne School of Owner, Mills, Brazil Mexico United Against Roberto Saba, Dean, Valladares Padua, Lawyer; Roger Bartra, Honorary Economic Research and Crime Collective (Collectif Population and Global Moises Naim, Author; Faculty of Law, University of Professor, Fluminense Research Fellow, Birkbeck Teaching Modernité et Démocratie), Health, University of Editor, The Atlantic; Federal University, Brazil College, University of Rodolfo Vázquez, Professor, Morocco Melbourne, Australia Palermo, Argentina Julio Madrazo, Partner, Autonomous Technological Distinguished fellow, Paulo Vannuchi, Member, London; Sociologist De la Calle, Madrazo, International Economics Sebastián Sabini, Institute of Mexico; Government Representative Inter-American Comission Ari Brickman, Actor; Mancera, S.C. Member, College of Program, Carnegie on Human Rights, Brazil Musician Endowment for (Diputado), Uruguay Bioethics International Peace, Brazil 6 SIGNATORIES Institutional affiliations and titles are included solely for identification purposes and should not be understood as indicating the respective organization’s agreement with the content of this letter.

David Caldicott, Emergency Michael Moore, CEO, UNITED STATES Bloomberg School of Public Erwin Chemerinsky, John DiIulio, Frederic Fox Barney Frank, Former Jerry Greenfield, Co- Consultant, Emergency Public Health Association Neil Abercrombie, Former Health in Baltimore Dean and Distinguished Leadership Professor of Member of Congress, founder, Ben and Jerry’s Ice Department of the Calvary of Australia; Vice President, Governor, Hawaii Dan Bigg, Director, Chicago Professor of Law, Raymond Politics, Religion, and Massachusetts Cream Hospital, Australia World Federation of Public Pryke Professor of Civil Society, University of Sam Adams, Former Recovery Alliance Caroline Fredrickson, Glenn Greenwald, Kate Carnell, Former Chief Health Associations, First Amendment Law, Pennsylvania President, American Journalist; Writer; Lawyer Australia Mayor, Portland Paul Birch, Entrepreneur University of California Minister, Australian Capital Barry Diller, Businessman; Constitution Society Adrian Grenier, Actor Territory, Australia Hon Deborah Morris- Irene Aguilar, State Senator, Mary J. Blige, Singer Irvine School of Law Chairman, Expedia, Colorado Marci Freedman, Co- Reverend Wendell Griffin, Nick Crofts, Honorary Travers, Child Rights Lisa Bloom, Civil Rights Steve Cohen, Member of Inc.; Chairman, IAC/ founder of No.14 Advocate, New Zealand Michelle Alexander, Author, Attorney Congress, Tennessee InterActiveCorp Pastor, New Millennium Professorial Fellow, Tom Freston, Former, Church, Little Rock; Circuit University of Melbourne, Tara Moss, Author and “The New Jim Crow”; Civil Earl Blumenauer, Member Ben Cohen, Co-founder, David N. Dinkins, Former Rights Activist Viacom; Businessman Judge, Sixth Judicial Australia human rights activist, of Congress, Oregon Ben and Jerry’s Ice Cream Mayor, New York City District, Fifth Division Australia Ibrahim AlHusseini, Barry Friedman, Jacob D. Bob Debus, Former Roderic V.O. Boggs, Paulette Cole, CEO and DJ Khaled, Music Producer; Fuchsberg Professor of Barry Grissom, Former U.S. Minister for Home Affairs, Matt Noffs, CEO, Noffs Managing Partner, FullCycle Executive Director, Creative Director, ABC DJ Energy LP Law, New York University Attorney, District of Kansas Australia Foundation, Australia Washington Lawyers’ Home Lloyd Doggett, Member of School of Law Ty Alper, Associate Dean Committee Jerome Groopman, Chair, Richard Di Natale, Senator; Lance O’Sullivan, GP; New Grant Colfax, M.D.; Former Congress, Texas Reverend Yoshiaki Fujitani, Medicine, Harvard Medical Leader, Australian Greens, Zealander Of The Year for Experiential Education, Suzanne Bonamici, Member Director, White House University of California TJ Donovan, State’s Honpa Honwangji, Hawaii School; Chief, Experimental Australia (2014), New Zealand of Congress, Oregon Office of National AIDS Attorney, Burlington, Medicine, Beth Israel Berkeley School of Law Policy Jay Galluzzo, CEO, David Dixon, Dean, Law Mick Palmer, Former Cory Booker, U.S. Senator Vermont Deaconess Medical Center; Tom Ammiano, Former NeueHouse School, University of New Commissioner, Australian Carl Colonius, Social Reverend Dr. John C. Author South Wales, Australia Federal Police, Australia State Representative, Jo Ivey Boufford, President, Entrepreneur, New Mexico Jesus G. Garcia, California New York Academy of Dorhauer, General Minister Commissioner, Cook Harlan Grossman, Former Mehreen Faruqi, Member Melissa Parke, Member, Medicine Beth Comery, Former and President, United County Superior Court Judge, of Parliament (Greens), Australian House of Toney Anaya, Former Police Officer, Providence; Church of Christ Contra Costa County New South Wales, Representatives; Former Governor and Former Connor Boyack, President, Member, Law Enforcement Alicia Garza, Co-Founder, Attorney General, New Libertas Institute; Author Michael Douglas, Actor Black Lives Matter Peter Hakim, President Australia Minister for International Against Prohibition Emeritus, Inter-American Development; Former Mexico Tom Brady, American Christine Downton, George Gascón, District Peter FitzSimons, Chair, John Conyers, Member of Former Vice Chairman and Dialogue Australian Republican International Lawyer, Rocky Anderson, Former Football Player, New Congress, Michigan Attorney, San Francisco United Nations, Australia Mayor, Salt Lake City England Patriots, NFL Founding Partner, Pareto John Hamilton, Chief Movement, Australia Carol Conzelman, Partners David Geffen, Executive Officer, Recovery Tom Flewett, Clinical David Penington, Former Peter Andreas, John Hay Larry Brilliant, Chairman, Instructor, Anthropology Businessman; Co-Founder, Network of Programs, Inc. Vice Chancellor, Melbourne Professor of International Skoll Global Threats Fund; Troy Duster, Chancellor’s DreamWorks Lead Addictions, Capital Department, University of Professor Emeritus, dream hampton, Filmmaker; and Coast District Health University, Australia Studies and Political Former Executive Director, Colorado, Boulder Google.org University of California, Paul Gessing, President, Rio Writer Board, New Zealand David Penington, Professor Science, Brown University Grande Foundation Reverend Janet Cooper- Berkeley Herbie Hancock, Musician Geoff Gallop, Former Emeritus, University of Bill Apfelbaum, Chairman Eli Broad, Founder, The Nelson, Chaplain, Brown Melbourne, Australia Eli and Edythe Broad Michael Eric Dyson, Tyrese Gibson, Singer; Premier, Western Australia, MaxWorldwide, Inc. University Actor Ian Haney Lopez, John H. Foundation; Philanthropist Professor of Sociology, Boalt Professor of Law, UC Australia Tuari Potiki, Chairperson, Stuart Appelbaum, Reverend Samuel Cox, Georgetown University New Zealand Drug Brad Brockmann, Executive Ira Glasser, Former Berkeley; Director, Racial Duncan Garner, President, Retail, Hawaii District United Executive Director, Foundation, New Zealand Wholesale and Department Director, Center for Donna F. Edwards, Member Politics Project, Haas Broadcaster; Journalist, Methodist Church; Director, of Congress, Maryland American Civil Liberties Institute for a Fair and New Zealand Shane Rattenbury, Minister Store Union, New York Prisoner Health and Human Hale Kipa Runaway and Rights Union Inclusive Society; Senior for Corrections, Australian Deborah Armstrong, State Homeless Youth Service Susan Talamantes Eggman, Colin Gavaghan, Director, Assembly Member, 13th Kim Foxx, Cook County Fellow, Demos New Zealand Law Capital Territory Legislative Representative, New Chris Brown, Singer Christopher Coyne, Assembly, Australia District, California State’s Attorney Jon Hanson, Alfred Smart Foundation Centre for Law Mexico Susie Buell, Entrepreneur; Associate Professor of Ruben Gallego, Member of Professor of Law and and Policy in Emerging Robert Richter, Barrister; Dallas Austin, Grammy Co-Founder, Esprit Economics, George Mason Brian Egolf, House Minority Leader, New Mexico House Congress, Arizona Director, Project on Law Technologies, Otago Former Chairman, Criminal award-winning music University and Mind Sciences, Harvard Law Faculty; Associate Bar Association; Former Warren Buffett, of Representatives producer Businessman; James Crowley, Professor James Gleick, Author; Law School Professor, New Zealand President, Victorian Council Emeritus of Medicine, Keith Ellison, Member of Historian for Civil Liberties; Former George Ayala, Executive Philanthropist Woody Harrelson, Actor Andrew Geddis, Professor, Director, Global Forum on Warren Alpert School Congress, Minnesota Jonathan Glick, Author; Faculty of Law, Otago part-time Law Reform Stephanie Bush-Baskette, of Medicine, Brown Mark Harrington, Executive Commissioner, Victoria; MSM & HIV Former New Jersey State Eve Ensler, Playwright, “The Entrepreneur University, New Zealand University; Former Vagina Monologues” Director, Treatment Action Former member, Bar Bruce M. Bagley, Assemblywoman; Author, Jim Gollin, Director, Group; AIDS Activist Derek Handley, President, Rhode Island Council, Australia Professor, Department “Misguided Justice: The Medical Society Tannia Esparza, Executive Angelica Foundation Entrepreneur, New Zealand of International Studies, War on Drugs and the Director, Young Women Reverend Dr. Forrest Harris, Robin Room, Professor; Jeffrey S. Crowley, Program Suzanne Gollin, President, President, American Oliver Hartwich, Executive Director, Centre for Alcohol University of Miami Incarceration of Black United Angelica Foundation Women” Director of the National Baptist College; Professor, Director, The New Zealand Policy Research, La Trobe David Ball, Co-Chair, Will Espero, Vice President, Vanderbilt University Initiative, New Zealand HIV/AIDS Initiative, O’Neill Gregg Gonsalves, Research University, Australia Corrections Committee, Busta Rhymes, Rapper Institute, Georgetown State Senate, Hawaii Scholar in Law, Yale Law Divinity School Natalie Imbruglia, Singer, Hal Sperling, Former Judge, American Bar Association; Tom Campbell, Former University Law Centre; Christian Estevez, School; Co-Director, Global Associate Professor, Santa Carl Hart, Professor of Australia Supreme Court of New Congressman; Professor Former Director White President, Latino Action Health Justice Partnership, Psychology and Psychiatry, South Wales, Australia Clara University School of Law, Professor of House Office of National Network of New Jersey Yale School of Public Marianne Jauncey, Public of Law Columbia University health physician; Medical David Stanley, Treasurer, Economics, Chapman AIDS Policy Health University Jodie Evans, Co-founder, Phil Harvey, Founder Director, Sydney Medically Australian Drug Law Reverend Dr. William Joanne Csete, Adjunct CODEPINK Antonio González, Barber II, Pastor, Greenleaf and Chairman, DKT Supervised Injecting Reform Foundation; CEO, Geoffrey Canada, President, Associate Professor, President, William C. International Centre, Australia Convenience Advertising, Christian Church DOC; Harlem’s Children Zone Columbia University David L. Faigman, Acting Velasquez Institute President/Senior lectuer, Chancellor & Dean Alcee Hastings, Member of Stephen Jiggins, Advoate Australia Jacob Candelaria, State Mailman School of Public Ambassador Eric P. Repairers of the Breach Health and John F. Digardi Congress for Improved Road Safety, Nicholas J. Talley, Professor Senator, New Mexico Distinguished Professor of Goosby, UN Secretary Australia Bennett Barlyn, Former Reverend Dr. Frederick D. and Vice-Chancellor, Daniel Cantor, National Mark Cuban, Businessman; Law, University of California General’s Special Envoy on University of Newcastle, state and county Author; TV Personality: Hastings College of the Law TB; Professor of Medicine, Haynes III, Senior Pastor, Peter Joseph, Chairman, prosecutor; former Director, Working Families Friendship West Baptist The Ethics Centre, Australia Party Philanthropist Director, Global Health Executive Director, New Sam Farr, Member of Delivery and Diplomacy, Church, Dallas Sydney; Former Chair, Metiria Turei, Co-leader Jersey Commission to Robert Curl, Nobel Prize in Congress, California St Vincent’s and Mater Michael E. Capuano, Global Health Sciences, Christie Hefner, Former and Member of Parliament, Review Criminal Sentencing Member of Congress, Chemistry, 1996; University Health, Australia Green Party of Aotearoa Professor Emeritus, Rice James E. Ferguson II, Senior University of California San chairperson and CEO, Randy Barnett, Professor of Massachusetts Partner, Ferguson, Stein, Francisco Playboy Enterprises Paul King, Barrister, New Zealand University Legal Theory and Director, Frank Carlucci, Former Chambers Law Offices Australia Alex Wodak, Director, Ron Daniels, President, Robert M. Grant, Carol Helwig, Georgetown Center for the US Secretary of Defense; Michael Fine, Former Investigator, Gladstone Communicable Disease Stephen Leeder, Emeritus Alcohol and Drug Service, Constitution, Georgetown Former Deputy Head, Institute of the Black World St Vincent’s Hospital, 21st Century Director, Rhode Island Institutes; Professor of Control and HIV Prevention Professor of Public Health University Law Center Central Intelligence Agency Department of Health Medicine, University of Coordinator, Boulder and Community Medicine, Sydney, Australia Angela Yvonne Davis, Jeremiah Barondess, Charles Carpenter, Reverend Dr. Leah Gaskin California San Francisco; County Public Health Menzies Centre for Health Bruce Wyatt, Former President Emeritus, New Distinguished Professor Chief Medical Officer, San Policy and School of Public Professor Emeritus of Fitchue, President Emeritus, Obery M. Hendricks Assistant Commissioner, York Academy of Medicine Medicine, Brown University Emerita, History Francisco AIDS Foundation Health, University Of Northern Territory Police, of Consciousness Payne Theological Jr., Senior Fellow, The Sydney, Australia Australia Howard Becker, Professor Iva Carruthers, Co-Founder Department, University of Seminary, Dayton James P. Gray, Former Opportunity Agenda Emeritus, Department of Superior Court Judge, Ian Martin, Chairman, The and Director, The Samuel Santa Cruz Terry Flenniken, Former Reverend Miguel A. Gino Vumbaca, President, Sociology, University of DeWitt Proctor Conference Orange County Wayside Chapel, Australia Harm Reduction Australia, Patrick Davis, City Senior District Judge, Texas Hernandez, Episcopal California Santa Barbara; Alan Grayson, Member of Church of New Jersey Iain McGregor, Professor Australia Independent Researcher Juan Cartagena, President Councilor, Albuquerque Jason Flom, President, Lava & General Counsel, Congress, Florida of Psychopharmacology; Alex Wodak, President, Istvan Deak, Professor Records Kenneth Hertz, Senior Paul Beirne, National LatinoJustice Traci Green, Associate Partner, Hertz Lichtenstein Research Fellow; Director Australian Drug Law Managing Director, Emeritus of History, Jane Fonda, Actor of Preclinical Research, Kelly M. Cassidy, State Professor of Emergency & Young LLP Reform Foundation, AllianceBernstein Columbia University; Reverend James A. Forbes, Lambert Initiative for Australia Representative, Illinois Historian Medicine and Senior Minister Emeritus, Epidemiology, Brown Peter Holmes, Seattle City Cannabinoid Therapeutics, Mark Bennett, US District Attorney Court Judge, Northern Oscar Chacon, Executive Howard Dean, Former Riverside Church, NY University; Deputy Director, School of Psychology, Director, National Alliance University of Sydney, District of Iowa, US Governor, Vermont Christopher Forbes, Vice Boston Medical Center Andrew Horwitz, Assistant Courthouse of Latin American & Injury Prevention Center Dean for Experiential Australia Caribbean Communities/ Reverend Dr. Yvonne Delk, Chairman, Forbes Retired, United Church of Francis Greenburger, Education, Roger Williams John McMillan, Director, Chris Beyrer, President, Alianza Americas Reverend Willie D. Francois University School of Law Biothics Centre, University International AIDS Society; Christ III, Mount Zion Baptist Founder and President, Desmond Tutu Professor in Stephanie Chafee, Greenburger Center for of Otago; Professor, New Registered Nurse Steve DeToy, Director of Church, Atlantic City Zealand Public Health and Human Government and Public Social and Criminal Justice; Rights, Johns Hopkins Affairs, Rhode Island CEO, Time Equities Inc. Medical Society Institutional affiliations and titles are included solely for identification purposes and should not be understood as SIGNATORIES 7 indicating the respective organization’s agreement with the content of this letter.

M. William Howard, Former Ben Kovler, Chief Michelle McKenzie, Maria Poblet, Executive Ken Roth, Executive Yandy Smith, TV Henry van Ameringen, Pastor, Bethany Baptist Investment Officer, Kovpak Director, Preventing Director, Causa Justa :: Just Director, Human Rights Personality; Film Producer Philanthropist; Activist Church, Newark; Former II, LLC Overdose and Naloxone Cause Watch David Soares, District Chris Van Hollen, Member Chair, Rutgers University Gara LaMarche, President, Intervention Program, Marc Pocan, Member of Steve Safyer, President and Attorney, Albany, New York of Congress, Maryland Board of Governors; Former Democracy Alliance; Miriam Hospital Congress, Wisconsin CEO, Montefiore Health President, National Council Joseph Solomon Jr., Antonio Vasquez, Mayor, Former President and CEO, Cisco McSorley, State Jared Polis, Member of System, Albert Einstein State Representative, Santa Monica of Churches Atlantic Philanthropies Senator, New Mexico College of Medicine Congress, Colorado Rhode Island; Member, Brian Vicente, Partner, Philip K Howard, Author, Louis Lang, Deputy Jeff Merkley, U.S. Senator Edwin Sanders, Senior House Veterans’ Affairs “The Death of Common Ben Pollara, Director, Vicente Sederberg, LLC Majority Leader, House of Holly Mitchell, State United For Care Servant, Metropolitan Committee Sense” Representatives Interdenominational Renee Villarreal, City Senator, California Polow da Don, Hip Hop George Soros, Chairman, Councilor, City of Santa Fe Webb Hubbell, Former John Larsen, Member of Church Soros Fund Management Associate Attorney General Eugene Monroe, American Producer; Rapper Jim Vincent, President, Congress, Connecticut Football Player, Baltimore Bernie Sanders, U.S. Joseph M. Souki, Speaker, of the United States; Toni Preckwinkle, President, Senator NAACP’s Providence Former Chief Justice, Rachel LaZar, Executive Ravens, NFL; Partner, 4th Cook County Board, Illinois House of Representatives, branch Arkansas Supreme Court; Director, The Center of Down Partners Linda Sanchez, Member of Hawaii Former Mayor, Little Rock, Equality and Rights (El John Quelch, Professor, Congress, California David Vlahov, Dean & Reverend Peter Morales, Harvard Business School Peter Staley, Founder, Professor, University of Arkansas Centro de Igualdad y President, Unitarian Juelz Santana, Rapper; Treatment Action Group; Derechos) and Harvard School of California, San Francisco Alice Huffman, President, Universalist Assocation Public Health Actor AIDS Activist School of Nursing California NAACP Norman Lear, Founder, Marc Morial, President, Bill Quirk, Assembly Natalia Sarai Navas, Norm Stamper, Former Paul Volcker, Former People for the American National Urban League; Academic; Activist; Chief, Seattle Police Reverend Dr. Bernice Way Member, 20th District, Chairman, Federal Reserve Powell Jackson, Pastor, First Former Mayor, New Migration Specialist Department California Sarah Wakeman, Author; United Church of Tampa; Barbara Lee, Member of Orleans Jan Schakowsky, Member Pat Steadman, State Former President, World Congress, California Karl Racine, Attorney Physician, Massachusetts Dustin Moskovitz, Co- General, District of of Congress, Illinois Senator, Colorado General Hospital Council of Churches John Legend, Singer founder, Good Ventures Columbia Kurt Schmoke, Former Maggie Hart Stebbins, Patricia Wald, Former Reverend Jesse L. Jackson, Gabriela Lemus, Executive Reverend Dr. Otis Moss Mayor of Baltimore; County Commissioner, President, Rainbow/PUSH J. Aaron Regunberg, State Judge, International Director, Progressive III, Senior Pastor, Trinity Representative, Rhode President, the University of Bernalillo County Criminal Tribunal for the Coalition; Civil Rights Congress United Church of Christ, Baltimore Activist Island Gloria Steinem, Journalist; Former Yugoslavia; Former Mark Leno, State Senator, Chicago Bobby Scott, Member of Political Activist Chief Judge, US Court Rabbi Rick Jacobs, Robert B. Reich, California Imam Abdul Malik Chancellor’s Professor of Congress, Virginia Christine Stenquist, of Appeals, District of President, Union for Reform Mujahid, Founding Columbia Circuit Judaism Lawrence Lessig, Roy L. Public Policy, University Umi Selah, Organizer and President, Together for Furman Professor of Law Chairman, Sound Vision of California at Berkeley; Mission Director, Dream Responsible Use and Vaughn Walker, Former Henry Jarecki, Academic; and Leadership, Harvard Foundation, Chicago Former U.S. Secretary of Defenders Cannabis Education District Judge, US District Psychiatrist; Philanthropist Law School Charles Myers, Member, Labor Bernard Selz, Founder, Selz Andy Stern, Former Court, Northern District of Eugene Jarecki, Filmmaker Steven H. Levinson, Former Executive Committee, Fred Reid, Founding CEO, Capital President, Service California of “The House I Live In” Evercore ISI; Member, Associate Justice, Hawaii Virgin America Albert Senella, President Employees International Alexander Wang, Founder Supreme Court Evercore ISI’s Management Union; Senior Fellow, and Designer, Alexander Hakeem Jeffries, Member Committee and Investment Craig Reinarman, Professor and CEO, Tarzana of Congress, New York Geoff Lewis, Partner, Emeritus of Sociology and Treatment Centers Inc; Columbia University Wang Policy Committee Richman Center James Jimenez, Former Founders Fund Legal Studies, University of President, California Dennis Wang, Chief Svante Myrick, Mayor, California, Santa Cruz Association of Alcohol and Bryan Stevenson, Founder Principal Officer, Alexander Secretary, New Mexico David Lewis, Founder and Ithaca Department of Finance and Former Director, Center Stewart Resnick, Drug Program Executives and Executive Director, Wang Administration for Alcohol and Addiction Ethan Nadelmann, Founder Businessman George Shultz, Former US Equal Justice Initiative Elizabeth Warren, U.S. Studies, Brown University & Executive Director, Drug Secretary of State; Former Rick Steves, Author; TV Senator Gary Johnson, Former Policy Alliance Cruz Reynoso, The first Governor, New Mexico Pamela Lichty, President, Chicano Associate Justice, US Secretary of Treasury; Personality Laurie Weahkee, Executive Alondra Nelson, Dean of Former US Secretary of Robert Johnson, Executive Drug Policy Forum of California Supreme Court; Mimi Stewart, State Director, Native American Hawai’i Social Science, Columbia Professor of Law, University Labor Senator, New Mexico Voters Alliance Director, Institute for New University Economic Thinking; Senior Ted Lieu, Member of of California Peter Shumlin, Governor, Reverend Dr. Gina M. Alan Webber, Writer; Fellow, Project on Global Congress, California Charles Nesson, William Josiah D. “Jody” Rich, Vermont Stewart, Senior Pastor, Former Candidate, Finance, The Roosevelt F. Weld Professor of Law, Professor of Medicine and Timothy Silard, President, Christ Missionary Baptist Governor of New Mexico Institute Ann Lininger, State Harvard Law School; Writer Representative, Oregon Community Health, Warren Rosenberg Foundation Church, Memphis Andrew Weil, Director, Van Jones, President, Robert Newman, Former Alpert Medical School, Jason Silva, Filmmaker; TV Bruce D. Stout, Center for Integrative Dream Corps Claudio Lomnitz, Professor Director, The Baron Brown University of Anthropology, Columbia Personality Associate Professor and Medicine, College of Edmond de Rothschild Bill Richardson, Former Chair, Department of Medicine, University of Jonny 5, Singer, Flobots University Chemical Dependency Adele Simmons, President, Governor of New Mexico; Global Philanthropy Criminology, College of Arizona Jennifer Justice, President Hugh Lowe, Attorney at Institute of Beth Israel former U.S. Ambassador to New Jersey of Corporate Development, Law, Austin Medical Center; Former Partnership; Founder, Gregory Wesner, Lane the United Nations; former Responsibility to Protect Steffanie A. Strathdee, Powell PC; Shareholder and Superfly President, Continuum U.S. Secretary of Energy Steven Lucero, Executive Health Partners (R2P) Coalition Associate Dean, Global Chair, IP Business Practice Pete Kadens, Co-Founder, Director, New Mexico Lauren Hale Rieckhoff, Health Sciences; Chief, SoCore Energy Hispanic Medical Patricia Nolan, Former Jonathan Simon, Professor Bill Wiese, Director, Agent, Creative Artists of Law and Director, Center Division of Global Public Public Health Division, Norty Kalishman, Doctor; Association Director, Rhode Island Agency Health; Director, Global Department of Health for the Study of Law and Department of Health, Former Program Director, Michelle Lujan Grisham, Reverend Barbara Society, University of Health Institute, University New Mexico McCune Charitable Member of Congress, New Michael Noland, State Ripple, Former District California, Berkeley School of California San Diego Foundation Mexico Senator, Illinois Department of Medicine Gwen Wilkinson, District Superintendent, Hawaii of Law Attorney, Ithaca Kathie Kane-Willis, Kasia Malinowska- Eleanor Holmes Norton, District; United Methodist Carly Simon, Singer Scott Sumner, Professor Director, Illinois Sempruch, Director, Global Member of Congress Church (Retired) of Economics, Bentley Joanne Wilson, Consortium on Drug Policy, Drug Policy program, Open David Simon, TV Writer/ University Entrepreneur; Investor and Bill O’Neill, State Senator, Samuel K. Roberts, Producer; Journalist Blogger, Gotham Gal Roosevelt University Society Foundations New Mexico Associate Professor Robert Sweet, US Federal Joshua Kappel, Partner, Jim Manfre, Sheriff, Flagler of History and of Jonathan Singer, State judge, US District Court, Joe Wilson, Former US Beto O’Rourke, Member of Representative, Colorado Ambassador to Gabon and Vicente Sederberg, LLC County Congress, Texas Sociomedical Sciences, Southern District of New Mailman School of Michael Skolnik, Editor- York São Tomé and Príncipe Michael Keegan, President, Ed Markey, U.S. Senator Danielle C Ompad, Clinical People for the American Public Health, Columbia in-Chief, Globalgrind.com; Teresa Tanzi, State Daniel Wolfe, Director, Brandon Marshall, Associate Professor, New University Political Director to Russell International Harm Way York University Representative, Rhode Assistant Professor of Duke Rodriguez, Founder, Simmons Island Reduction Development, Tim Keller, State Auditor, Epidemiology, Brown Suze Orman, Author; TV Ultra Health LLC; Former Anne-Marie Slaughter, Open Society Foundations New Mexico; Former University Personality Andrew Tobias, Writer; Member, New Mexico NM Secretary, Human President and CEO, New Treasurer, Democratic Reverend Dr. Jeremiah Senate Michael McBride, Pastor; Gerald Ortiz y Pino, State Services; Former COO, America National Committee Wright, Pastor Emeritus, National Director, Lifelines Lovelace Health Systems Senator, New Mexico Vernon Smith, Nobel Trinity United Church of Brendan Kennedy, CEO, for Healing Communities Opal Tometi, Co-Founder, Christ, Chicago Privateer Holdings Duncan E. Osborne, Former Gloria Romero, Former Prize in Economics, Black Lives Matter Campaign, People State Senator, California Improving Communities Adjunct Professor of Law, 2002; Professor of Timothy W. Wright III, Piper Kerman, Writer, University of Texas School Economics; Founder and Michael Traynor, Attorney, Partner, Quintairos, Prieto, “Orange Is the New Black: through Organizing Anthony Romero, Executive California of Law Director, American Civil President, International Wood & Boyer, P.A. My Year in a Women’s Bill McCamley, State Angela Pacheco, Former Liberties Union Foundation for Research in Bruce G. Trigg, Clinical Peter Yarrow, Singer, Peter, Prison” Representative, New Experimental Economics Associate Professor, Mexico District Attorney, 1st Lionel Rosenblatt, President Paul and Mary Bob Kerrey, Former Judicial District, New Richard T. Smith, President, Department of Pediatrics, Governor, Nebraska Emeritus, Refugees University of New Mexico Jackie Young, Former Betty McCollum, Member Mexico International New Jersey NAACP of Congress, Minnesota Health Sciences Center member, Hawaii State Patrisse Khan-Cullors, Jennifer Padgett, District Reverend Dr. Susan Smith, Advisory Committee, U.S. Co-Founder, Black Lives Ellen Rosenblum, Attorney Reverend Anthony L. Jim McDermott, Member Attorney, First Judicial General, Oregon Religious Writer Commission on Civil Rights Matter of Congress, Washington Trufant, Senior Pastor, District, New Mexico Reverend. Dr. R. Drew Paul Zofnass, Founder and Billie Jean King, Tennis Bruce Ross, Partner, Emmanuel Baptist Church, Jim McGovern, Member of Joseph Perella, Holland & Knight LLP Smith, Co-Convener, Brooklyn President, Environmental Player Congress, Massachusetts Businessman; Co-Founder, Transatlantic Roundtable Financial Consulting Group Perella Weinberg Partners Andrea Roth, Assistant on Religion and Race Gerald F. Uelmen, Professor Professor of Law, University of Law, Santa Clara Rabbi Jonah Pesner, of California Berkeley University School of Law Director, Religious Action School of Law Center of Reform Judaism 8 SIGNATORIES Institutional affiliations and titles are included solely for identification purposes and should not be understood as indicating the respective organization’s agreement with the content of this letter.

FORMER PRESIDENTS & Peter Baume (Former Miguel Samper (Former Salvador Paiz (Guatemala) LAW ENFORCEMENT Kurt Schmoke HEALTH Andrew Weil, Director, PRIME MINISTERS Minister for Health, Deputy Minister of Justice, Antonio del Valle Sette Câmara, Former Bryan Stevenson Chris Beyrer, President, Center for Integrative Gordon Bajnai (Hungary) Australia) Colombia) Perochena (Mexico) Police Commissioner, International AIDS Society; Medicine, College of Opal Tometi Medicine, University of Fernando Henrique Neal Blewett (Former George Shultz (Former U.S. Alex Ramirez (Mexico) Federal Police (Brazil) Desmond Tutu Professor in Minister for Health, Secretary of State; Former Public Health and Human Arizona (U.S.) Cardoso (Brazil) Stuart Resnick (U.S.) Gustavo de Greiff, Australia) US Secretary of Labor; Former Attorney General U.S. LATINO LEADERS Rights, Johns Hopkins Ruth Dreifuss (Switzerland) Former U.S. Secretary of Bloomberg School of Public Michal Boni (Former Eugenio Clariond Reyes (Colombia) Toney Anaya OTHER LEADERS Vicente Fox (Mexico) Minister of Administration the Treasury, U.S.) Retana (Mexico) Health in Baltimore (U.S.) TJ Donovan, State’s Jacob Candelaria Lord Paddy Ashdown, César Gaviria Trujillo and Digitization, Poland) Thorvald Stoltenberg João Roberto Marinho Attorney, Burlington, Jo Ivey Boufford, President, Former leader, Liberal (Colombia) Emma Bonino (Former (Former Minister of Foreign (Brazil) Vermont (U.S.) Juan Cartagena New York Academy of Democrats; Former High Minister of Foreign Affairs, Affairs; Former Minister of Medicine (U.S.) Representative for Bosnia Aleksander Kwasniewski Defence, Norway) Ricardo Salinas (Mexico) Kim Foxx, Cook County Oscar Chacon (Poland) Italy) State’s Attorney, Illinois Pedro Cahn, Former and Herzegovina; Former Umberto Veronesi (Former George Soros (U.S.) Tannia Esparza President, International Member of Parliament Ricardo Lagos (Chile) Frank Carlucci (Former (U.S.) U.S. Secretary of Defense; Minister of Health, Italy) Lord Rumi Verjee (U.K.) Christian Estevez AIDS Society (Argentina) (U.K.) Olusegun Obasanjo Peter Holmes (City Former Deputy Director of J. Arturo Zapata (Mexico) Attorney, Seattle) George Gascón Grant Colfax, M.D.; Former Robert Curl, Nobel Prize in (Nigeria) the CIA, U.S.) Director, White House Chemistry, 1996; University CELEBRITIES George Gascón, District Congressman Ruben George Papandreou Fernando Carrera (Former Gallego Office of National AIDS Professor Emeritus, Rice (Greece) Dallas Austin LAW AND JUSTICE Attorney, San Francisco Policy (U.S.) University (U.S.) Minister of Foreign Affairs, (U.S.) Antonio González Pedro Pires (Cape Verde) Guatemala) Mary J. Blige Louise Arbour, Former Jeffrey S. Crowley, Program Asma Jahangir, Former Jim Manfre, Sheriff, Flagler Congresswoman Michelle Nick Clegg (Former UK Tom Brady Justice, Supreme Court of Director of the National UN Special Rapporteur Andries A. van Agt Canada; Former UN High County, Florida (U.S.) Lujan Grisham HIV/AIDS Initiative, O’Neill on Arbitrary, Extrajudicial (Netherlands) Deputy Prime Minister) Michael Douglas Commissioner for Human Mick Palmer, Former Ian Haney-López Institute, Georgetown and Summary Executions Ernesto Zedillo (Mexico) Bernt Johan Collet (Former Eve Ensler Rights (Canada) University Law Centre; (Pakistan) Commissioner Australian Steven Lucero Minister of Defence, Federal Police (Australia) Former Director White Denmark) Jane Fonda Mark Bennett, US District Mario Vargas Llosa, Nobel Court Judge, Northern Angela Pacheco House Office of National Prize in Literature, 2010 U.S. PUBLIC OFFICIALS Peter Gabriel Karl Racine, Attorney AIDS Policy (U.S.) Hedy d’Ancona (Former District of Iowa (U.S.) General, District of Gerald Ortiz y Pino (Peru) Toney Anaya (Former Minister of Health, the Adrian Grenier Ernesto Pazmiño Granizo, Columbia (U.S.) Eric P. Goosby, UN Lou McGrath, Nobel Peace Governor, New Mexico) Netherlands) María Poblet Secretary General’s Special Herbie Hancock Public Defender General Ellen Rosenblum, Attorney Prize, 1997; Founder, Mines Cory Booker (U.S. Senator, Bob Debus (Former Cruz Reynoso Envoy on TB; Professor Woody Harrelson (Ecuador) General, Oregon (U.S.) Action Group (U.K.) New Jersey) Minister for Home Affairs, Bill Richardson of Medicine; Director, Australia) Natalie Imbruglia Webb Hubbell, Former Graham Seaby, Former Global Health Delivery and Manfred Nowak, Former Howard Dean (Former Associate Attorney General Detective Superintendent, Duke Rodriguez Diplomacy, Global Health UN Special Rapporteur on Governor, Vermont) Uffe Elbaek (Former DJ Khaled of the United States; New Scotland Yard (U.K.) Congresswoman Linda T. Sciences, University of Torture (Austria) David Dinkins (Former Minister of Culture, Billie Jean King Former Chief Justice, California San Francisco Denmark, Denmark) David Soares, District Sánchez John Polanyi, Nobel Prize in Mayor, New York City) Arkansas Supreme Court; (U.S.) Chemistry, 1986 (Canada) Norman Lear Former Mayor, Little Rock, Attorney, Albany, New York Sergio Sanchez Gary Johnson (Former Baroness Lynne (U.S.) Anand Grover, Former UN Featherstone (Minister of John Legend Arkansas (U.S.) Antonio Vasquez Lionel Rosenblatt, President Governor, New Mexico) Special Rapporteur on the Emeritus, Refugees State at the Home, U.K.) Annie Lennox Ketil Lund, Former Supreme Hubert Wimber, Police Right to Health (India) Bob Kerrey (Former Chief, Muenster (Germany) International (U.S.) Diego Garcia-Sayan Court Justice (Norway) Governor and Senator, Rita Marley FAITH/RELIGIOUS Paul Hunt, Former UN Javier Sicilia, Founder, Nebraska) (Former Minister of Justice; Lord Jonathan Marks, LEADERS Special Rapporteur on the Former Foreign Affairs Rita Ora Movement for Peace with Barrister; Peer, House of AFRICAN AMERICAN Right to Health (U.K.) Justice and Dignity in Ed Markey (U.S. Senator, Minister, Peru) Busta Rhymes Lords (UK) LEADERS Father Xavier Albó Massachusetts) Stephen Lewis, Former UN Mexico; Poet; Journalist Alejandra Gaviria (Minister Carly Simon Cruz Reynoso, Former Michelle Alexander Reverend Dr. William Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS (Mexico) Jeff Merkley (U.S. Senator, of Health, Colombia) Justice, California Supreme Barber II in Africa (Canada) Oregon) Gloria Steinem Senator Cory Booker Vernon Smith, Nobel Mark Golding (Former Court (U.S.) Reverend Janet Cooper- Prize in Economics, 2002; Sting Geoffrey Canada Marina Mahathir, UN Gavin Newsom (Lieutenant Minister of Justice, Hal Sperling, Former Judge, Nelson Person of the Year Professor of Economics; Governor, California) Jamaica) Alexander Wang Supreme Court of New Congressman John Conyers Reverend Dr. Yvonne Delk (2010) for Achievements Founder and President, Bill Richardson (Former Anthony Hylton (Former South Wales (Australia) Ron Daniels in Gender, Women’s International Foundation for Reverend Martin Ignacio Research in Experimental Governor, New Mexico) Minister of Foreign Affairs, Jón Steinar, Gunnlaugsson, Diaz Velasquez Empowerment, and HIV/ BUSINESS & Professor Angela Y. Davis AIDs; Human Rights Economics (U.S.) Bernie Sanders (U.S. Jamaica) PHILANTHROPIC Former Supreme Court Judge (Iceland) David Dinkins Reverend Dr. John C. Activist (Malaysia) Shashi Tharoor, Former Senator, Vermont) Vasyl Knyazevytch (Former LEADERS Dorhauer Minister of Health, Robert Sweet, US Federal Professor Troy Duster Julio Montaner, Director, Under-Secretary General, Kurt Schmoke (Former Paul Beirne (U.S.) Reverend Dr. Leah Gaskin United Nations; Member of Mayor, Baltimore) Ukraine) Judge, UD District Court, British Columbia Centre Chris Blackwell (Jamaica) Professor Michael Eric Fitchue for Excellence in HIV/AIDS Parliament (India) Bernard Koucher (Former Southern District of NY Dyson Peter Shumlin (Governor, (U.S.) Reverend James A. Forbes (Canada) Mabel van Oranje (The Vermont) Minister of Foreign and Richard Branson (U.K.) Congresswoman Donna David Nutt, Director, Netherlands) European Affairs, France) Eli Broad (U.S.) Patricia Wald, Former Chief Edwards Reverend Wendell Griffin Elizabeth Warren (U.S. Judge, US Court of Appeals, Neuropsychopharmacology Federico Mayor Zaragoza, Senator, Massachusetts) Sandro Kvitashvili (Minister Susie Buell (U.S.) Congressman Keith Ellison Reverend Héctor Gutiérrez Unit, Imperial College of Health, Ukraine) District of Columbia Circuit; Former Director-General Warren Buffett (U.S.) Former Judge, International James E. Ferguson II Reverend Frederick Haynes London; Former Chair, of UNESCO; Chairman, Norman Lamb (Former III Advisory Council on the CURRENT AND FORMER Jannie Chan (Singapore) Criminal Tribunal for the Foundation for a Culture of Health Minister, United Former Yugoslavia (U.S.) Alicia Garza Misuse of Drugs (U.K.) Peace (Spain) CABINET MINISTERS Kingdom) Reverend Miguel A. Mark Cuban (U.S.) Professor Carl Hart Hernandez Peter Piot, Director, Arni Pall Arnason (Former Vaughn Walker, Former Cecilia M. Lopez (Former Barry Diller (U.S.) District Judge, US District Congressman Alcee London School of Hygiene Minister of Social Affairs, Minister of Agriculture, Reverend M. William & Tropical Medicine; Iceland) Christopher Forbes (U.S.) Court, Northern District of Hastings Howard Colombia) California (U.S.) Former Executive Director, Pedro Aspe (Former Tom Freston (U.S.) Alice Huffman Reverend Jesse L. Jackson UNAIDS; Discoverer of the Maria Julia Munoz Raul Eugenio Zafaronni, Minister of Finances, (Minister of Education and David Geffen (U.S.) Congressman Hakeem Rabbi Rick Jacobs Ebola virus (Belgium) Mexico) Judge, Inter American Jeffries Culture, Uruguay) Ryan Holmes (Canada) Human Rights Court; Reverend Peter Morales Steve Safyer, President and Norman Baker (Minister of Former member, Patrisse Khan-Cullors CEO, Montefiore Health Svatopluk Nemecek Mo Ibrahim (Sudan) Reverend Dr. Otis Moss III State at the Home Office, (Minister of Health, Czech Argentinean Supreme System, Albert Einstein Congresswoman Barbara College of Medicine (U.S.) U.K.) Republic) Alexander Rinnooy Kan Court of Justice (Argentina) Lee Imam Abdul Malik Mujahid (Netherlands) David Vlahov, Dean & Marek Balicki (Former George Papandreou Marc Morial Rabbi Jonah Pesner Minister of Health, Poland) (Former Prime Minister, Dustin Moskovitz (U.S.) Professor, University of Svante Myrick Reverend Dr. Bernice California, San Francisco Greece) Zbigniew Niemczycki Powell-Jackson Congresswoman Eleanor School of Nursing (U.S.) Robert Reich (Former (Poland) Reverend Barbara Ripple Secretary of Labor, U.S.) Holmes Norton Reverend Edwin Sanders Yesid Reyes (Minister of Congressman Bobby Scott Justice, Colombia) Reverend Dr. Jeremiah Wright

We are the Drug Policy Alliance and we envision a just society in which the use and regulation of drugs are grounded in science, compassion, health and human rights, in which people are no longer punished for what they put into their own bodies but only for crimes committed against others, and in which the fears, prejudices and punitive prohibitions of today are no more.