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Is the Turkish Cypriot Population Shrinking?
CYPRUS CENTRE 2/2007 REPORT 2/2007 Is the Turkish Cypriot Population Shrinking? Shrinking? Cypriot Population Turkish Is the The demography of north Cyprus is one of the most contested issues related to the island’s division. In particular, the number of indigenous Turkish Cypriots and Turkish immigrants living in the north has long been a source of dispute, not only among the island’s diplomats and politicians but also among researchers and activists. Until recently, the political use of demog- raphy has hindered comprehensive study of the ethno-demographic make-up of the north, while at the same time making a thorough demographic study all the more imperative. The present report addresses this situation by providing an analysis of the results of the 2006 census of north Cyprus, comparing these fi gures with the results of the previous census. The report focuses mainly on identifying the percentage of the population of north Cyprus who are of Turkish-mainland origin and also possess Turkish Cypriot citizenship – an important factor given claims that such citizens play an signifi cant role in elections in the north. In addi- tion, the report examines the arrival dates of Turkish nationals in order to analyze patterns of migration. This, in turn, is indicative of the numbers of naturalized Turkish Cypriot citizens who have arrived in Cyprus as part of an offi cial policy. The report also presents estimates for Turkish Cypriot emigration to third countries, based on immigration and census fi gures from the two main host countries: the United Kingdom and Australia. Following analysis of these latter fi gures and the results of the 2006 census, it is argued that claims of massive emigration by Turkish Cypriots to third countries are largely misleading. -
The New Energy Triangle of Cyprus-Greece-Israel: Casting a Net for Turkey?
THE NEW ENERGY TRIANGLE OF CYPRUS-GREECE-ISRAEL: CASTING A NET FOR TURKEY? A long-running speculation over massive natural gas reserves in the tumultuous area of the Southeastern Mediterranean became a reality in December 2011 and the discovery's timing along with other grave and interwoven events in the region came to create a veritable tinderbox. The classic “Rubik's cube” puzzle here is in perfect sync with the realities on the ground and how this “New Energy Triangle” (NET) of newfound and traditional allies' actions (Cyprus, Greece and Israel) towards Turkey will shape and inevitably affect the new balance of power in this crucial part of the world. George Stavris* *George Stavris is a visiting researcher at Dundee University's Centre for Energy, Petroleum and Mineral Law and Policy working on the geostrategic repercussions in the region of the “New Energy Alliance” (NET) of Cyprus, Greece and Israel. 87 VOLUME 11 NUMBER 2 GEORGE STAVRIS long-running speculation over massive natural gas reserves in the tumultuous area of the Southeastern Mediterranean and in Cyprus’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) became a reality in A December 2011 when official reports of the research and scoping were released. Nearby, Israel has already confirmed its own reserves right next to Cyprus’ EEZ. However the location of Cypriot reserves with all the intricacies of the intractable “Cyprus Problem” and the discovery’s timing along with other grave and interwoven events in the region came to create a veritable tinderbox. A rare combination of the above factors and ensuing complications have created not just a storm in the area but almost, indisputably, the rare occasion of a “Perfect Storm” in international politics with turbulence reaching far beyond the shores of the Mediterranean “Lake”. -
Malta & Cyprus
13 DAY CULTURAL TOUR MALTA & CYPRUS $ PER PERSON 3199 TWIN SHARE TYPICALLY $5399 KYRENIA • VALLETTA • BIRGU • KARPAZ PENINSULA THE OFFER 13 DAY MALTA & CYPRUS Ancient temples steeped in myth and legend, azure seas and sun-kissed beaches, colourful cities with hidden laneways and marketplaces to explore… there’s a $3199 reason Malta and Cyprus are tipped as two of the Mediterranean’s rising stars. Experience them both on this incredible 13 day cultural tour. Discover into the rich history and architecture of UNESCO World Heritage listed Valletta; enjoy a guided tour of beautiful Birgu, one of Malta’s ancient fortified ‘Three Cities’; take a jeep safari through the colourful cities and villages of Malta’s sister island Gozo, which is long associated with Homer’s Odyssey; and enjoy two days at leisure to soak up the relaxed island lifestyle of Malta. Stay in the ancient city of Kyrenia in Cyprus, known for its horseshoe-shaped harbour and cobblestone laneways; travel to St. Hilarion Castle high located in the Kyrenian Mountains; journey along the isolated yet beautiful Karpaz Peninsula, known for its wild donkeys; visit the famous Apostolos Andreas Monastery; relax with two days at leisure in Cyprus and more! With return international flights, an additional flight between Malta and Cyprus, 10 nights waterfront accommodation, return airport transfers and more, this island getaway will surprise you in ways you didn’t know possible. *Please note: all information provided in this brochure is subject to both change and availability. Prior to purchase please check the current live deal at tripadeal.com.au or contact our customer service team on 135 777 for the most up-to-date information. -
Ancient Cyprus: Island of Conflict?
Ancient Cyprus: Island of Conflict? Maria Natasha Ioannou Thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy Discipline of Classics School of Humanities The University of Adelaide December 2012 Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................ III Declaration........................................................................................................... IV Acknowledgements ............................................................................................. V Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 1. Overview .......................................................................................................... 1 2. Background and Context ................................................................................. 1 3. Thesis Aims ..................................................................................................... 3 4. Thesis Summary .............................................................................................. 4 5. Literature Review ............................................................................................. 6 Chapter 1: Cyprus Considered .......................................................................... 14 1.1 Cyprus’ Internal Dynamics ........................................................................... 15 1.2 Cyprus, Phoenicia and Egypt ..................................................................... -
Global Shark Conservation Sanctuaries for a Predator in Peril
GLOBAL SHARK CONSERVATION SANCTUARIES FOR A PREDATOR IN PERIL The Pew Charitable Trusts is driven by the power of knowledge to solve today’s most challenging problems. Pew applies a rigorous, analytical approach to improve public policy, inform the public, and stimulate civic life. www.PewTrusts.org THE OPPORTUNITY Swift, graceful, mysterious, superbly adapted of animals on Earth. Ironically, however, sharks. Recognizing this opportunity, The to their environment, sharks have been the even though people are the principal threat Pew Charitable Trusts initiated a campaign apex predators of the oceans since long to sharks, they also are their greatest hope. to reverse the decline of shark populations before dinosaurs roamed the planet. For worldwide. some 400 million years, they have been The fate of sharks has broad implications. the unchallenged rulers of the deeps and There is increasing evidence that the loss At the core of Pew’s shark conservation shallows of the marine world. of sharks may have a ripple effect on the efforts is its work to establish sanctuaries in vitality of food webs in many areas of the the waters of key countries and stop the No longer. They are falling victim to a fiercer global ocean. “They are our canary in the coal overfishing of sharks in places where predator that is threatening to end their mine of the oceans,” said Dr. Boris Worm, a they still stand a chance to rebound. Shark long reign and driving them to the edge of professor of marine biology at Dalhousie sanctuaries provide full protections for sharks extinction. That predator is us—people. -
Cyprus & Malta in International Tax Structures
Focus Business Services International Group Focus Business Services (Int’l) Ltd Focus Business Services (Cyprus) Ltd Focus Business Services (Malta) Ltd A K Kotsomitis Chartered Aris Kotsomitis Accountants Limited BSc FCA CPA TEP MoID Chairman *Regulated EU Professionals* Head of International Tax Planning www.fbscyprus.com [email protected] / +357 22 456 363 Cyprus corporate structures in international tax planning www.fbscyprus.com [email protected] / +357 22 456 363 Structure of the Presentation 1. Brief Introduction to the FBS Int’l Group 2. Overview of the Cyprus Tax System 3. Specific Features of the Cyprus Tax System 4. Tax Planning Ideas – Structures (Critical Structuring Issues To Bear in Mind – Fees/Costs/Budget …found in appendix) www.fbscyprus.com [email protected] / +357 22 456 363 Introducing the FBS International Group www.fbscyprus.com [email protected] / +357 22 456 363 Leading Professional Services Group Cyprus (HO) – Malta Established 1998 we are now a leading professional services and corporate services provider, located mainly in Cyprus (Head Office) and Malta (2nd biggest office) We provide the entire range of services needed under one roof. From formation ... to liquidation! Independent, full-scope multi-disciplinary professional group (our in-house partners are lawyers, accountants, auditors, tax practitioners / advisors, wealth managers) www.fbscyprus.com [email protected] / +357 22 456 363 Recognized locally and Internationally Fox TV Network in the US (Fox 5 News – 25 million business viewers!) is producing a special program on Cyprus as an international financial centre – currently under filming… Our Chairman (Aris Kotsomitis) was selected to represent the Cyprus professional sector in the program along with the President, the Finance Minister and the Minister of Commerce of The Republic of Cyprus www.fbscyprus.com [email protected] / +357 22 456 363 Focus Business Services (est. -
General Assembly Security Council Seventy-Fourth Session Seventy-Fourth Year Agenda Items 41 and 74
United Nations A/74/549–S/2019/881 General Assembly Distr.: General 15 November 2019 Security Council Original: English General Assembly Security Council Seventy-fourth session Seventy-fourth year Agenda items 41 and 74 Question of Cyprus Oceans and the law of the sea Letter dated 13 November 2019 from the Permanent Representative of Cyprus to the United Nations addressed to the Secretary-General Further to my letter dated 11 July 2019 (A/73/944-S/2019/564) regarding the illegal hydrocarbon exploration activities conducted by the Republic of Turkey in the territorial sea, the continental shelf and the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) of Cyprus, I regret to inform you that Turkey has not only continued its illegal behaviour, but has since further escalated its provocative and unlawful actions against Cyprus, in terms of both hydrocarbon exploration and military activities. In particular, in early October 2019, Turkey, through the State-owned Turkish Petroleum Company, deployed its drilling vessel the Yavuz within the EEZ/continental shelf of Cyprus, in offshore exploration block 7, which has been licensed by the Government of Cyprus to European oil and gas companies (Total and Eni). It should be noted that the drilling point lies just 44 nautical miles from the coast of Cyprus, within the EEZ/continental shelf of Cyprus, which has already been delimited, in accordance with international law, between the relevant opposite coastal States, namely the Republic of Cyprus and the Arab Republic of Egypt, by means of the EEZ delimitation agreement of 2003 (see annex). The said drilling operations are planned to continue until 10 January 2020, as set out in an unauthorized navigational warning issued by Turkey. -
Downloads/3 Publikationen/2019/2019 09/The Effects of a Suspension of Turkey S EU Accession Process Study.Pdf
Comp. Southeast Europ. Stud. 2021; 69(1): 133–152 Policy Analysis Heinz-Jürgen Axt* Troubled Water in the Eastern Mediterranean. Turkey Challenges Greece and Cyprus Regarding Energy Resources https://doi.org/10.1515/soeu-2021-2006 Abstract: The conflict between Turkey on the one hand and Greece and Cyprus on the other was exacerbated when Turkey and Libya reached an agreement on the delimitation of maritime zones to explore and exploit energy resources in late 2019. The countries were on the brink of military confrontation. This was the latest climax of a longer period of conflict and mistrust, during which negative percep- tions became more entrenched on all sides. Energy is globally high in demand but exploiting resources in the Mediterranean Sea at competitive prices is difficult. The international community has developed an ambitious Law of the Sea, but its interpretation is controversial. Compromises are needed to de-escalate. What might serve as a ‘bridge over troubled waters’ in the Eastern Mediterranean? The author comments on the available options. Keywords: Turkey, Greece, energy resources, conflict, international law Introduction Energy resources are in great demand in the Eastern Mediterranean. Greece and Turkey have been at odds over this for more than 60 years, Cyprus and Turkey for around a decade. Other countries such as Libya, Israel and Egypt are also involved. Turkey does not hesitate to send its research vessels to undertake exploration work in maritime zones that are claimed by Greece or Cyprus. As Turkish exploration ships are escorted by warships, accidents or even the use of violence can no longer be ruled out. -
Chapter Seven
Chapter Seven Exclusive Economic Zone and Continental Shelf 7.1. Historical Development Since gaining independence, African States have worked tirelessly for a reform of the international economic order.1 That struggle included addressing during UNCLOS III their lack of control over the exploitation of the marine resources beyond their territorial seas.2 Although, as already explained, South Africa did not influence the negotiations in that regard, it undoubtedly greatly benefited from the outcome of those negotiations, in contrast with many other African States.3 South Africa had a clear interest in becoming a party to the CSC. Indeed, by 1960, diamonds were beginning to be exploited on the country’s western seaboard and the State confirmed its exclusive right to exploit those resources as far offshore as it was possible, in terms of the TWA in 1963.4 At the same time, South Africa was concerned that the very rich fishing grounds along its western seaboard were increasingly the focus of attention by Japanese, Rus- sian and Spanish fishing vessels especially.5 To address this problem, the South African Parliament took advantage of the strong support demonstrated in 1960 for an EEZ extending 6 nm beyond the territorial sea,6 when it adopted the TWA.7 A decade later, South Africa was confronted with the fact that many States, including its neighbours Angola and Mozambique were extending their 1 See e.g. the 1974 UNGA Declaration on the Establishment of the New Economic Order. 2 T.O. Akintoba African States and Contemporary International Law (1996). 3 R.R. Churchill & A.V. -
Critical Habitats and Biodiversity: Inventory, Thresholds and Governance
Commissioned by BLUE PAPER Summary for Decision-Makers Critical Habitats and Biodiversity: Inventory, Thresholds and Governance Global biodiversity loss results from decades of unsustainable use of the marine environment and rep- resents a major threat to the ecosystem services on which we, and future generations, depend. In the past century, overexploitation of fisheries and the effects of bycatch have caused species to decline whilst coastal reclamation and land-use change—together with pollution and, increasingly, climate change—have led to vast losses of many valuable coastal habitats, estimated at an average of 30–50 percent.1 Despite advances in understanding how marine species and habitats are distributed in the ocean, trends in marine biodiversity are difficult to ascertain. This results from the very patchy state of knowl- edge of marine biodiversity, which leads to biases in understanding different geographic areas, groups of species, habitat distribution and patterns of decline. To address the data gap in our understanding of marine biodiversity and ecosystem integrity, it is crucial to establish the capacity to assess current baselines and trends through survey and monitoring activities. Only increased knowledge and understanding of the above will be able to inform ocean manage- ment and conservation strategies capable of reversing the current loss trend in marine biodiversity. A new paper2 commissioned by the High Level Panel for a Sustainable Ocean Economy increases our understanding of these trends by analysing the links between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (including tipping points for degradation) and unpacks the link between protection and gross domes- tic product (GDP). In doing so, the paper provides an updated catalogue of marine habitats and biodiversity and outlines five priorities for changing the current trajectory of decline. -
The Exclusive Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf Laws 2004 and 2014
REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS 64(1) of 2004 97(1) of 2014. THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE AND THE CONTINENTAL SHELF LAWS 2004 AND 2014 (English translation and consolidation) Office of the Law Commissioner Nicosia, October, 2014 rEN (A)- L.121 ISBN 978-9963-664-59-7 NICOSIA PRINTED AT THE PRINTING OFFICE OF THE REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS Price: CONTENTS Note for the Reader . .. .. .. .. ... .. ... .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .. ... ... .. .. .. .. .. iii The Exclusive Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf Laws, 2004 and 2014 (Consolidation in English) ...... ... .. .. ............ .. .. .. .. .... .. .. ....... 1 Note .... .. ............ ....... ........ ......... ... .. ..... ......... ......................... 14 NOTE FOR THE READER The publication at hand by the Office of the Law Commissioner is an English translation and consolidation of the Exclusive Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf Laws, 2004 and 2014 [i.e. Laws 64(1)/2004, 97(1)/2014]. However useful the English translation of the consolidated Laws is in practice, it does not replace the original text of the Laws since only the Greek text of the Laws published in the Official Gazette of the Republic is authentic. The Office of the Law Commissioner shall not be under any liability to any person or organisation in respect of any loss or damage, including consequential loss or damage, however caused, which may be incurred or arises directly or indirectly from reliance on information in this publication. Copyright© Office of the Law Commissioner, Nicosia 2014. Reproduction authorised without prior application. Reference to the source will be appreciated. iii 64(1) of 2004 A LAW TO PROVIDE FOR THE PROCLAMATION OF 97(1) of 2014.* THE EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE AND THE CONTINENTAL SHELF BY THE REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS The House of Representatives enacts as follows: Short 1. -
Country Codes ISO 3166
COUNTRY CODES - ISO 3166-1 ISO 3166-1 encoding list of the countries which are assigned official codes It is listed in alphabetical order by the country's English short name used by the ISO 3166/MA. Numeric English short name Alpha-2 code Alpha-3 code code Afghanistan AF AFG 4 Åland Islands AX ALA 248 Albania AL ALB 8 Algeria DZ DZA 12 American Samoa AS ASM 16 Andorra AD AND 20 Angola AO AGO 24 Anguilla AI AIA 660 Antarctica AQ ATA 10 Antigua and Barbuda AG ATG 28 Argentina AR ARG 32 Armenia AM ARM 51 Aruba AW ABW 533 Australia AU AUS 36 Austria AT AUT 40 Azerbaijan AZ AZE 31 Bahamas BS BHS 44 Bahrain BH BHR 48 Bangladesh BD BGD 50 Barbados BB BRB 52 Belarus BY BLR 112 Belgium BE BEL 56 Belize BZ BLZ 84 Benin BJ BEN 204 Bermuda BM BMU 60 Bhutan BT BTN 64 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) BO BOL 68 Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba BQ BES 535 Bosnia and Herzegovina BA BIH 70 Botswana BW BWA 72 Bouvet Island BV BVT 74 Brazil BR BRA 76 British Indian Ocean Territory IO IOT 86 Brunei Darussalam BN BRN 96 Bulgaria BG BGR 100 Burkina Faso BF BFA 854 Burundi BI BDI 108 Cabo Verde CV CPV 132 Cambodia KH KHM 116 Cameroon CM CMR 120 Canada CA CAN 124 1500 Don Mills Road, Suite 800 Toronto, Ontario M3B 3K4 Telephone: 416 510 8039 Toll Free: 1 800 567 7084 www.gs1ca.org Numeric English short name Alpha-2 code Alpha-3 code code Cayman Islands KY CYM 136 Central African Republic CF CAF 140 Chad TD TCD 148 Chile CL CHL 152 China CN CHN 156 Christmas Island CX CXR 162 Cocos (Keeling) Islands CC CCK 166 Colombia CO COL 170 Comoros KM COM 174 Congo CG COG