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The Statesman's Yearbook THE STATESMAN’S YEARBOOK 2013 ‘Thereistomesomethingprofoundlyaffectinginlargemassesofmenfollowingtheleadofthose who do not believe in men.’ Walt Whitman (1819À92) ‘The problems of today cannot be solved with the same level of thinking that created them.’ Albert Einstein (1879À1955) Editors Frederick Martin 1864À1883 Sir John Scott-Keltie 1883À1926 Mortimer Epstein 1927À1946 S. H. Steinberg 1946À1969 John Paxton 1969À1990 Brian Hunter 1990À1997 Barry Turner 1997À Credits Publisher David Bull (London) Farideh Koohi-Kamali (New York) Editor Barry Turner Senior Research Editor Nicholas Heath-Brown Assistant Research Editor William Goodfellow Researchers Kavita Malhotra Daniel Smith Richard German Saif Ullah Ingeborg Farstad Robert McGowan Liane Jones Justine Foong Ben Eastham Jill Fenner Maximilian Kressner James Wilson Sharita Oomeer Martha Nyman Assistant Editor for Reference Susan Povey Index Richard German Print production Phillipa Davidson-Blake Online production Semantico Technical support Sheeja Sanoj Marketing Beverley Millar (London) Denise De La Rosa (New York) email: [email protected] THE STATESMAN’S YEARBOOK THE POLITICS, CULTURES AND ECONOMIES OF THE WORLD 2013 Edited by BARRY TURNER © Macmillan Publishers Ltd 2012 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6-10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. Published annually since 1864 This edition published 2012 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-59543-3 ISBN 978-1-349-59541-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-59541-9 ISSN 0081-4601 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 PREFACE Once again, as I write this preface, the pace of world events our approach. But today The Statesman’sYearbookis much challenges our editorial team to ensure that we present in this more than a trusted volume produced in print. Our online print edition of The Statesman’sYearbookthe most up-to- counterpart, www.statesmansyearbook.com, provides a wealth date compilation of information and data about the political, of information and data, regularly updated, but also new economic and social state of the world’s countries and initiatives including chronologies and timely and incisive institutions. The thorough and professional approach of essays and features. We encourage you to take a look if you our editors and researchers is the bedrock upon which have not already done so. our reputation for excellence and dedication to ‘absolute Do please get in touch if you have any comments or correctness’ are founded. But it is not just a case of focusing suggestions. Please either email us at [email protected] on the shifting global political landscape with its new regimes, or write to The Statesman’sYearbook, Palgrave Macmillan, conflicts and elections prompting often rapid changes. In the Houndmills, Basingstoke RG21 6XS, UK. past year, for example, we have conducted significant work assimilating the data from both the 2010 US and 2011 Indian census results. Our rich heritage—you hold the 149th edition of The David Bull Statesman’s Yearbook in your hands—informs our work and Publisher, The Statesman’s Yearbook The world at your fingertips at www.statesmansyearbook.com v CONTENTS TIME ZONES MAP Front Endpaper PREFACE v The Future Balance of Economic Power by Barry Turner xv MIGRATION xvi Globalization and Human Mobility xix WORLD POPULATION xx KEY WORLD FACTS xxii CHRONOLOGY xxiii Part I: International Organizations Page UNITED NATIONS (UN)................................................................................................................................................... 3 General Assembly .............................................................................................................................................................. 3 Security Council ................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Economic and Social Council ......................................................................................................................................... 5 International Court of Justice ......................................................................................................................................... 5 Secretariat ............................................................................................................................................................................ 6 Member States .................................................................................................................................................................... 7 UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS ...............................................................................................8 UNITED NATIONS SYSTEM ...........................................................................................................................................10 Programmes and Funds ...................................................................................................................................................10 Research and Training Institutes....................................................................................................................................12 Other UN Entities..............................................................................................................................................................12 Information......................................................................................................................................................................... 13 SPECIALIZED AGENCIES OF THE UN.........................................................................................................................13 Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) .................................................................................................................13 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development — The World Bank (IBRD) ...................................14 International Development Association (IDA)...........................................................................................................15 International Finance Corporation (IFC)..................................................................................................................... 15 Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA).................................................................................................16 International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) ...................................................................16 International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)....................................................................................................16 International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) ...................................................................................... 16 International Labour Organization (ILO) ....................................................................................................................17 International Maritime Organization (IMO) ..............................................................................................................17 International Monetary Fund (IMF) .............................................................................................................................18 International Telecommunication Union (ITU) ........................................................................................................20 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) .................................................20 UN Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) ...............................................................................................21 Universal Postal Union (UPU).......................................................................................................................................21 World Health Organization (WHO).............................................................................................................................22
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