SECTOR FUTURES Vol 1.2017 INTRODUCTION 6 Editors Diane Brady COLLECTIVE INTELLIGENCE 12 Research Faith Halliday, Matt Lynch

CITIES & PLACES SectorFutures BLURRED SECTOR KNOWLEDGE INFORMED BY HUMAN BEHAVIOUR

THOUGHT LEADERSHIP Thriving Beyond the Tipping Point With Adaptive Urban Systems BY NIK KARALIS

01 02 THE INHERENT SETTING THE CITY RESILIENCE CRITERIA FOR A TO ADAPT TO LIVABLE CITY EVOLVING DEMANDS 03 NEW ENERGY AND MOBILITY SOLUTIONS TO BRING OUR CITIES INTO THE FUTURE

2017 CITIES CONTENTS & PLACES SECTOR

FUTURES WELCOME 5 REPORT SECTOR FUTURES Vol 1.2017 INTRODUCTION 6 Editors Diane Brady COLLECTIVE INTELLIGENCE 12 Research Faith Halliday, Matt Lynch

Design Brand Studio THOUGHT LEADERSHIP

THRIVING BEYOND THE TIPPING POINT WITH ADAPTIVE URBAN SYSTEMS 20

All Rights Reserved. No material may be reproduced THE INHERENT CITY RESILIENCE TO without prior permission. While we have tried to ensure ADAPT TO EVOLVING DEMANDS 28 the accuracy of the information in this publication, the Publisher accepts no responsibility or liability SETTING THE CRITERIA for any errors, omissions or resultant consequences including any loss or damage arising from resilience FOR A LIVABLE CITY 36 in information in this publication. Any opinions in this publication are solely those of the named author of the NEW ENERGY AND MOBILITY article in which they appear. Unless named as author, SOLUTIONS TO BRING OUR the Publisher, Editorial team or other contributors and Woods Bagot do not endorse any such views and CITIES INTO THE FUTURE 44 disclaim all liability arising from their publication.

2 - WOODS BAGOT WELCOME TO SECTOR FUTURES

Sector Futures is the confluence of our sectors and disciplines to create endless innovative project permutations that improve and add value by creating user relevancy to our clients projects.

Every client, together with Woods Bagot can select from a range of sectors and disciplines that specifically relate to the various known and unknown elements of their project brief.

As our various sector experts debate and explore the benefit of cross-integration, they create a blurring of influence and functionality improving project outcomes for a changing audience.

Each client project through this amalgamation has the potential to not only deliver on the brief but also to respond to a new project future that relates to our fast-changing digital and physical environments.

Nik Karalis Chief Executive Officer Woods Bagot

4 - WOODS BAGOT Delivered by Sector Futures

The Amalgamation of Cross-Sector knowledge informed by Human Behaviour and Community Mapping.

6 - WOODS BAGOT 7 - CITIES & PLACES THE BRAND

BRAND PROMISE / THESIS

Our Process & Our Philosophy People Architecture. Human-Centric Design

DELIVERY

WORKPLACE MIXED USE Delivered through INTERIORS

RESIDENTIAL CIVIC & EVENTS

CITIES TRANSPORT & PLACES

RETAIL

WORKPLACE EDUCATION HOTEL SCIENCE ARCHITECTURE & HEALTH

a Blurring of Sectors and Disciplines

ENTERPRISE FUNCTIONS Supported by 3 Enterprise Functions

UrbanSystems SuperSpace BrandStudio The Way Analyzing The Narrating The We Live. Way We Live. Way We Live.

8 - WOODS BAGOT 9 - CITIES & PLACES Science & Workplace INTERIORS Sector Futures Health Architecture is our delivery Transport SUPERSPACE Retail

VISUAL mechanism COMMS

Cities PUBLIC that allows & Places & RESEARCH Education clients to create Sector Futures endless project BRAND STRATEGY

Workplace permutations. Interiors ARCHITECTURE Hotel We bring in experts from a variety of sectors to local studios to ensure a multi- faceted approach to every single project. Civic Working across our discipline and & Events sector knowledge, our focus is to listen Residential CONSULTING and understand our clients functional, operational and cultural needs. We draw from our research and experience MASTER PLAN to create solutions that work for both owners, societies and end users. The Mixed Use blurring of these boundaries is a continual source of inspiration.

10 - WOODS BAGOT 11 - CITIES & PLACES An Endless Blur of future project COLLECTIVE possibilities through a convergence of knowledge & data analysis. Rotating the City to a Vertical INTELLIGENCE Community The Right Mix for Fueling Supertalls Office Buildings Taking on the Life of the City Reimagining the Evolution of Towers Through Mixed-Use Development The Afterlife Opportunity of Office Buildings Mixing Neighbourhood Character into a Single Block Bendy Flex Labs Support Working Harder to Meet the Constant Adaptation Environmental Needs of Now The Mutated Lab - Experimenting with Physical & Digital Networks Come to Work, Get Healthy MIXED USE Telemedicine: How Hospitals are Rapidly Adapting to a Mobile Lifestyle WORKPLACE SCIENCE ARCHITECTURE Unchain Your Staff: & HEALTH Workplace Metabolism From Hospital to Hotel You’re a Millennial Too, Start Working Like One. Flipping Active Learning Beyond the Lecture Give Virtual Creative Networks WORKPLACE a Place to Live. INTERIORS EDUCATION How Do Universities Prepare Students for Actual Work The World is Too Fast for Typical Linear Processes Sticky Social Campuses: Where Students Want to Be ABWA - Activity Based Working The Inherent City Resilience to for Academics Adapt to Evolving Demands. Setting the Criteria for CITIES a Livable City & PLACES RETAIL Retail Whispering: Do You Really Know What I Want? New Energy and Mobility Solutions to Bring our Cities into the Future Bottom-up Retailing Resolves the Mix Above How Do Cookies Influence Your Conventions & Events are Retail Experience? Putting the City at Centre Stage CIVIC TRANSPORT Freely Flipping Convention Modes & EVENTS Busting Out of the Big Box to Match Delegate Expectations The Public’s Role in Participating in the Active Museum Authentic City Experiences Begin at the Airport RESIDENTIAL HOTEL Discovering the Spirit of the Competing for Global Traffic: City Through the Museum A Loyalty Programme for Guests Seamless Rail Drives Urban Growth The Full Deal: While Linking City Centres A Choreography of Selling Ownership is a Thing Urban Hotels Are Now the Your Ultimate Digital Departure of the Past Living Rooms of the City Rethinking Community Space Setting the Scene for a Personal with Desired Amenity Performance in Luxury Freedom of Downscaling Hotel Narratives Uncovered by the Without Compromise Reincarnation of Historic Buildings

12 - WOODS BAGOT 13 - CITIES & PLACES Nik Karalis Global Cities & Places Sector Leader

Nik Karalis, Woods Bagot’s Chief Executive Officer (CEO), possesses a diverse portfolio of civic, architectural and interior projects. His work has received international acclaim and he has won a number of prominent design awards, including the Australian Institute of Architects national and state awards, IDEA national award, FX international award, WAF shortlists and numerous global awards.

Under the Woods Bagot research and publishing sub-brand, Public, Nik has been responsible for many of the publications and the cultural transformation of a globally relevant architectural practice.

Nik’s work crosses many boundaries, ranging from masterplanning, civic and commercial buildings and intimate interiors. It is Nik’s ability to move between these complex interplays of disciplines which allows him to communicate with clients and operate across many project types.

14 - WOODS BAGOT 15 - CITIES & PLACES Civic & Events Concurrency SECTORS Education. TranSim & Hotel. Individualising Guest UX SUPERSPACE Residential. Yield Analysis Tools. Retail. Patterns & Mix

Science & Health Clinical Flows Each of our sectors are enhanced by proprietary computational analysis tools that provide evidence Transportation. Aviation UX of human behaviour in relationship to functions and qualities of physical space across three typologies: City, Neighbourhood & Room. Workplace Architecture. Program Allocation

Workplace Interiors. Connected Networking

Cities & Place Livability Sector Futures

16 - WOODS BAGOT 17 - CITIES & PLACES MARKET INSIGHTS

THOUGHT LEADERSHIP / 20 Thriving Beyond the Tipping Point With Adaptive Urban Systems

WHAT IS A T.I.E.? / 22

01 THE INHERENT CITY RESILIENCE TO ADAPT TO EVOLVING DEMANDS / 28

02 SETTING THE CRITERIA FOR A LIVABLE CITY / 36

03 NEW ENERGY AND MOBILITY SOLUTIONS TO BRING OUR CITIES INTO THE FUTURE / 44

18 - WOODS BAGOT 19 - CITIES & PLACES Thriving Beyond the Tipping Point With Adaptive Urban Systems

by Nik Karalis

The city has long represented not just a citizens can communicate with each other common brand for a distinctive identity that place but an aspiration. It’s the hub, the and their environment. Such cities will connects travellers to the community and heart, the melting pot, the mosaic, the develop the ability to optimize the urban welcomes the community inside its walls. magnet for those seeking riches for the body experience while having the capacity to A city’s status will increasingly come and spirit. More than half the world’s absorb and adapt to a sudden shock. not from the height of its skyscrapers population now lives in an urban setting, The city is being reinvented for a digital era. but from the depth of its street life. Car- a percentage that rises each year. Yet the Gone is the “precinctual” approach to urban friendly boulevards and fortress-like office lure of the metropolis in our minds is not planning, with destinations designed to be blocks give way to a fine urban grain that always matched by the reality on the ground. reachable by car. Stores, parks, and cultural favours human-powered transport and Migration can enliven neighbourhoods or institutions are instead disaggregated mid-rise buildings. Ownership is optional. turn them into sprawling slums. The building and replicated throughout the urban Space is shared. Retail and residential that scrapes the sky can rob residents of fabric. Roads give way to bike paths and developments are intertwined. People sunlight on the streets below. Infrastructure pedestrian plazas. Health and education don’t just want to live in the city; they designed for an earlier era can crumble become mobile and available around the want to live where they work. They judge when confronted with the challenges of a corner. The lines between work and play a neighbourhood by the strength and shifting climate or shifting populations. are blurred. As designers, we must imbue connectivity of its hub. Design is increasingly We need to view the city less as an space with the flexibility to assume multiple a dialogue and collaborative process urban centre than as an urban system identities to serve different audiences. between the architect and policy makers, that must adapt with its environment. psychologists, entrepreneurs, academics, The 21st Century city will become an The growing connectivity of people, and those who will use the space. integrated system of villages, each boasting processes, data, and things is spawning its own village green while benefiting from The real power of technology lies new urban typologies that enhance those the scale and energy of the whole. The in its ability to bring the city back connections, promote resilience, and boost centre serves as the hub that connects to a human scale. In the always-on joy. Urban institutions like conference everything into a seamless experience. environment of the 21st Century, we crave centre, the high-rise tower, the college, The airport becomes a gateway into the opportunities to turn off. The typography and the mall are designed to integrate with urban environment. Convention centres the surrounding area and serve multiple once conceived as stand-alone behemoths >> functions. As technology enables everyone on the edge of town are reimagined and everything to connect to the network, to a human scale in the centre. Urban the city itself can be designed to act like hotels become living rooms of the city, an organism that responds in real time trading the cookie-cutter blandness of a to its users. Buildings can self-regulate;

20 - WOODS BAGOT >> of the suburbs is being adapted to density of urban life with parks, farms, gardens, and waterfronts that bring nature and opportunities to feel alone. Interior spaces must serve as both a sanctuary and as a bridge to the outside world.

As the experience of city life becomes more personalized, though, there’s ever more need for shared value. Power that was once concentrated in particular precincts needs to be distributed to all parts of the city. Growth must be inclusive. The spatial vitality of a neighbourhood is critical to its economic and cultural vitality. A development that enables Millennials to integrate their lifestyle with work can also allow Baby Boomers integrate their lifestyle with retirement.

Developing adaptive urban systems won’t be easy. As centres like London and New York struggle to reduce the dominance of cars, cities like Beijing are straining to deal with a rapid increase in car ownership. Governments everywhere face the challenge of modernizing amid budget constraints and inadequate infrastructure. There are no easy answers. But the city will increasingly be both the engine of economic growth and the platform for thriving in a digital age. As we design urban environments that foster new forms of community and prosperity, the lure of the city can only increase.

22 - WOODS BAGOT 23 - CITIES & PLACES Market Insights Market Insights

T.I.E. THE KNOT BETWEEN TREND INNOVATION EXEMPLAR A pattern of gradual change in a The process of translating an Serves as a perfect example of condition, output, or process. To idea or invention into a product a given concept. A project that follow a trend you must not only or project that creates value suggests a clear and detailed MARKET be aware of what is currently or for our clients. Innovation archetype or prototype; implying happening but be astute involves deliberate application either a faultless example enough to predict what is going of information, imagination and to be emulated or a perfect RESEARCH & to happen in the future. initiative in deriving greater or typification. different values from resources, behaviours or efficiencies and DESIGN includes all processes. OUTCOMES

24 - WOODS BAGOT 25 - CITIES & PLACES Market Insights Market Insights

01 02 03 THE INHERENT SETTING THE NEW ENERGY CITY RESILIENCE CRITERIA FOR A AND MOBILITY TO ADAPT TO LIVABLE CITY SOLUTIONS TO EVOLVING BRING OUR CITIES DEMANDS INTO THE FUTURE

01.1 TREND 02.1 TREND 03.1 TREND The Inherent City Resilience to Setting the Criteria New Energy and Mobility Adapt to Evolving Demands for a Livable City Solutions to Bring our Cities into the Future

01.2 INNOVATION 02.2 INNOVATION 03.2 INNOVATION Adaptive Design The Neighborhood Connectivity

01.3 EXEMPLAR 02.3 EXEMPLAR 03.3 EXEMPLAR CHRISTCHURCH VANKE KUNMING FISHERMANS BEND, RECOVERY PLAN CAOHAI, China Melbourne

26 - WOODS BAGOT 27 - CITIES & PLACES 01 THE INHERENT CITY RESILIENCE TO ADAPT TO EVOLVING

01.1 TREND The Inherent City Resilience to DEMANDS Adapt to Evolving Demands 01.2 INNOVATION Adaptive Design 01.3 EXEMPLAR CHRISTCHURCH RECOVERY PLAN

28 - WOODS BAGOT 29 - CITIES & PLACES 01.1 TREND

The Inherent City Resilience to Adapt to Evolving Demands

A city’s resilience must be defined as more than its capacity to withstand and recover from disasters, earthquakes and the impacts of climate change. It must also develop the resilience to adapt to new technologies and meet the need for new types of development. The 21st century will witness the largest wave of urban growth ever. That will force cities worldwide to cope with an extraordinary increase in population, densification, and development. This mass migration will occur amid an increased volatility in weather patterns and a higher risk of natural disaster. How cities plan for this shift will determine whether they can leverage technology to foster an urban renaissance, or collapse from the pressure of too many people.

The outcome will be shaped by how and what we design. We can now build redundancy into urban systems without increasing waste. Just the opposite: by disaggregating the distribution of business, cultural institutions, and energy across the urban fabric, cities reduce the risk that damage to one area can wreak havoc on the whole. Each neighbourhood is self-sustaining but also backs up the other. Shared ownership and mixed-use development boost the overall vibrancy.

The key is not to fight the natural environment, but to adapt and even leverage it. We can harness wind, sun, water, and waste for new forms of energy. We can tap waterways for new forms of transportation while making coastal development less vulnerable to flooding or storms. Through data analytics, machine learning, and other technology, the relationship between the city and its environment becomes a conversation.

30 - WOODS BAGOT 31 - CITIES & PLACES 01.2 INNOVATION

Adaptive Design

• Design that works with the natural environment, such as a system of elevated pergolas producing a “venturi” effect, literally drawing the air through even when there is no wind.

• An emphasis on mixed-use development with industry anchoring the economic axis.

• An integrated energy framework that harnesses a region’s natural strengths, creates passive systems for localised climate control, and treats waste as a resource.

32 - WOODS BAGOT 33 - CITIES & PLACES 01.3 EXEMPLAR

CHRISTCHURCH RECOVERY PLAN

The plan for the recovery and redevelopment of Christchurch is a dramatic example of a strategy to deal with the aftermath of disaster. In 2011, a magnitude 6.3 earthquake badly damaged Christchurch, killing 185 people while destroying vast sections of the city’s central business district, which had been weakened by an earthquake just six months earlier. Instead of wasting resources on an area that would take a long time to re-establish, efforts were consolidated and focused on developing a compressed district that could achieve density and viability relatively quickly. New anchor projects were created and connected to parts of the district. Destroyed areas were converted to green space. The Christchurch revived much of its business core before investment money and talent went elsewhere.

34 - WOODS BAGOT 35 - CITIES & PLACES 02 SETTING THE CRITERIA FOR A LIVABLE CITY

02.1 TREND Setting the Criteria for a Livable City 02.2 INNOVATION The Neighborhood 02.3 EXEMPLAR VANKE KUNMING CAOHAI, China

36 - WOODS BAGOT 37 - CITIES & PLACES 02.1 TREND

Setting the Criteria for a Livable City

The cultural and social vibrancy of a city can often be measured in inverse proportion to the scale of its skyscrapers. While such gleaming glass towers broadcast prosperity to the outside world, they do little to enrich the lives of their citizens. The surroundings improve as you reach the sky, with little thought to what’s developed on the ground. But a growing number of cities are increasingly focused on creating more livable landscapes, even in regions such as the Middle East. They are incorporating water and greenery into developments to channel cooling breezes and alleviate the oppressive summer heat. Instead of wide blocks that are built to support trophy buildings, developers are focused on creating a finer urban grain with tight, lively streetscapes and ground-level commerce.

The motivation is less aesthetic than economic. As property prices in London and New York demonstrate, urban dwellers will pay a premium to live in neighbourhoods that offer creative workspace and a pleasant lifestyle. They want parks, beautified waterfronts, cultural attractions, cafes, high-speed networks, and sights that delight the senses. Highways are hardly a plus to those who lack a car and live near their work. An area’s economic vitality is increasingly linked to its spatial vitality and ability to woo the creative class.

It no longer makes sense to develop precincts that concentrate retail and industry. Why drive to the mall for a brand you can buy online at home? In a networked era, what people crave is community and an authentic local experience close to home.

CITYWALK Dubai, UAE

38 - WOODS BAGOT 39 - CITIES & PLACES 02.2 INNOVATION

The Neighborhood

• Mixed use real estate and local commerce give neighbourhoods a downtown feel.

• Continuous active street frontages and more green space development along waterways.

• Mid-scale buildings of about five to six storeys offer enough density to fuel commerce and enough frontage to create some enclosure of the public realm.

40 - WOODS BAGOT 41 - CITIES & PLACES 02.3 EXEMPLAR

VANKE KUNMING CAOHAI, China

The Caohai integrated masterplan in Caohai contains five townships located around the water body. Commercial and mixed-use development sits adjacent to residential housing and cultural facilities that are spread around the lake frontage. Each element is designed to enhance the other, bringing a liveliness and social vitality to the area. A broad network of parks, bike paths, and waterfront is designed to boost the environment and the health of local residents, creating a benchmark for other communities in Kunming.

42 - WOODS BAGOT 43 - CITIES & PLACES 03 NEW ENERGY AND MOBILITY SOLUTIONS TO BRING OUR CITIES INTO THE FUTURE

03.1 TREND New Energy and Mobility Solutions to Bring our Cities into the Future 03.2 INNOVATION Connectivity 03.3 EXEMPLAR FISHERMANS BEND, Melbourne

44 - WOODS BAGOT 45 - CITIES & PLACES 03.1 TREND

New Energy and Mobility Solutions to Bring our Cities into the Future

Good transport and infrastructure can make or break an urban centre. Los Angeles’ gridlock traffic is not only a major health issue because of pollution, its toxic impact on city life is reinforced by the lack of a viable public transportation network. Instead of investing in mass transit, the city spent more about $1 billion to widen its main highway—an effort that added more time to the 81 hours that drivers spend idly in traffic. Drivers in Beijing no doubt feel their pain.

Global centres like New York and London have to contend with an aging infrastructure, but their well-developed underground rail networks are the foundation for each city’s appeal. Many locals don’t own a car. Those who do rarely drive to get around the city. While water taxis and ride- sharing services woo some off the subway, a bigger incentive may be a fast-growing network of bike paths that’s prompted three-quarters of a million New Yorkers to become regular cyclists.

Such investments pay dividends in terms of air quality and residents’ overall health. The diminished status of owning a personal automobile has contributed to a growing disregard for cars and the infrastructure they require. Livable cities have little time for gas-guzzling machines. Mixed- use neighbourhoods rely on foot traffic, preferring drivers do their shopping at a suburban mall.

46 - WOODS BAGOT 47 - CITIES & PLACES 03.2 INNOVATION

Connectivity

• Integrate with the rail network, encouraging an inter-modal transport system with efficient transitions between rail and attentive forms of transport such as cycling and walking.

• Develop transportation networks along waterways.

• Connect the inner city, ensuring future transport developments from bus to tram and rail.

• Create a walkable and cycle-friendly infrastructure with bike parking, share stations, and retail areas.

48 - WOODS BAGOT 49 - CITIES & PLACES 03.3 EXEMPLAR

FISHERMANS BEND, Melbourne

The initiative to the southwest of the city center is designed to transform an under-utilized industrial area into vibrant mixed-used neighborhoods. A key catalyst in attracting residents will involve integrating the neighborhood with the city’s well-developed bus, train, and tram networks. Transportation is focused on bike paths and improved access to public transit, as well as an intermodal transport system that enables users to efficiently transition between rail and attentive forms of transport such as cycling and walking. A highly porous pedestrian route network makes it easy for people to connect with public transport. Mid-rise housing occupies the center, with taller buildings on the southern side of the district, reducing the overshadowing of public space. The goal: to achieve a social fabric not unlike lower Midtown and the Village in Manhattan with human-scale housing, pedestrian-friendly laneways, culture hubs, and streets teeming with local commerce.

50 - WOODS BAGOT 51 - CITIES & PLACES