DOCSLIB.ORG

Peter Smith, 'Lady Oxford's Alterations at Welbeck Abbey 1741–55', the Georgian Group Journal, Vol. Xi, 2001, Pp

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Peter Smith, 'Lady Oxford's Alterations at Welbeck Abbey 1741–55', the Georgian Group Journal, Vol. Xi, 2001, Pp Peter Smith, ‘Lady Oxford’s alterations at Welbeck Abbey 1741–55’, The Georgian Group Journal, Vol. XI, 2001, pp. 133–168 TEXT © THE AUTHORS 2001 LADY OXFORD’S ALTERATIONS AT WELBECK ABBEY, – PETER SMITH idowhood could be a rare time of indepen - On July the Duke died unexpectedly, after Wdence for a woman in the eighteenth century, a riding accident at Welbeck, precipitating a and especially for one like the dowager Countess of mammoth legal battle over the Cavendish estates. By Oxford and Mortimer (Fig. ), who had complete his will all his estates in Yorkshire, Staffordshire and control of her own money and estates. Born Lady Northumberland were bequeathed to his year-old Henrietta Cavendish-Holles in , the only daughter Henrietta, while an estate at Orton in daughter of John Holles, st Duke of Newcastle, and Huntingdonshire passed to his wife and the remainder his wife, formerly Lady Margaret Cavendish, she of his considerable property passed to his nephew chose to spend her widowhood building, like her Thomas Pelham. This would have meant that the great-great-great-grandmother, Bess of Hardwick, former Cavendish estates in Nottinghamshire and before her. Derbyshire would have gone to Thomas Pelham, not Lady Oxford had fought hard, and paid a high Henrietta. When the widowed Duchess discovered price, to retain her mother’s Cavendish family estates, the terms of her husband’s will she ‘was indignant and she obviously felt a particularly strong beyond measure’ and ‘immediately resolved to attachment to them. These estates were centred dispute its validity’. The legal battle which ensued around the former Premonstratensian abbey at was bitter and complex, and it was only finally settled Welbeck, in Nottinghamshire, but also included the after the death of the Duchess by a private Act of Bolsover Castle estate in Derbyshire and the Ogle Parliament in . By this settlement Henrietta got Castle estate in Northumberland. Welbeck Abbey back most of the Cavendish estates including had been bought by Sir Charles Cavendish, third son Bolsover and Welbeck, but only after she and her of Bess of Hardwick, c. . Sir Charles and his son husband had to agreed to pay all the costs of the case, Sir William, who was created Duke of Newcastle- and other reparations, which amounted to a bill of upon-Tyne, employed the Smythsons to make many over £ , . Fortunately for Henrietta, her father alterations and additions to Welbeck, Bolsover and had purchased the Wimpole Hall estate in Ogle. On the death of the nd Duke in these Cambridgeshire and the Marylebone estate in estates passed to his third daughter Margaret, the wife London after making his controversial will, and these of John Holles, later th Earl of Clare, and eventually properties, which were consequently not affected by created st Duke of Newcastle of the second creation it, passed directly and undisputed to her in . in consequence of his marriage. He employed both Her marriage had been agreed by the late Duke of William Talman and Sir John Vanbrugh to make rival Newcastle and Robert Harley, the recently created designs for a palatial new house at Welbeck, and Earl of Oxford and Mortimer, father of her intended although nothing came of this, it seems that the Duke husband, Edward, Lord Harley. It took place in the did employ an unknown architect to make extensive Drawing Room at Wimpole Hall on August . alterations to the Abbey at this time. Lord Harley became the nd Earl of Oxford in , THE GEORGIAN GROUP JOURNAL VOLUME XI LADY OXFORD ’ S ALTERATIONS AT WELBECK ABBEY , ‒ one of James Lees-Milne’s five Earls of Creation Countess’s many letters to her grandson at Bulstrode, whose ‘single-minded dedication to the cause of she explained the reason for her building activities at learning earned him considerable renown even Welbeck. It was she said ‘to incline my family to amongst scholars and writers on the continent.’ His reside at the only Habitable Seat of my Ancestors.’ ever expanding book and manuscript collection, She even sought the approval of the Duke and which ‘at his death [in ].... consisted of , Duchess, who would of course one day inherit to , printed books, , pamphlets, , Welbeck, saying in a letter of ‘I am anxious to manuscripts and many thousands of roles, charters hasten the architects draft, so that I might show it to and other documents’ was to become the nucleus of the Duke and Duchess,’ and that their ‘liking for the the British Library. His patronage extended to designs has been a great encouragement to me to go Handel, Dahl, Wootton, Thornhill, Rysbrack, Swift, on with the work.’ Defoe, Pope and Vertue. Eventually Lord Oxford’s Her interests were not confined to ‘the Seat of reckless generosity, passion for collecting and his her Ancestors’. They extended to the ancestors refusal to face up to his debts brought about a themselves, or at least their portraits, which she financial crisis, which came to a head in . A gathered together at Welbeck from Wimpole, Bolsover schedule of his debts, drawn up in , shows that and Dover Street, and which she employed George he owed £ , , exclusive of interest arrears. This Vertue, her late husband’s friend, to catalogue. document also records that most of the capital sums Horace Walpole, on his only visit to Welbeck in had been repaid by his wife and trustees before the stated ‘it is impossible to describe the bales of end of . They were forced to sell the already Cavendishes, Harleys, Holleses, Veres and Ogles: mortgaged Wimpole estate to Lord Hardwicke for every chamber is tapestried with them: nay, and with £ , in . Lord Oxford died in June ten thousand other fat morsels; all with their histories leaving an unusual will, written in , in which he inscribed’, and he ended by saying that Lady Oxford bequeathed the bulk of his estate outright to his had spent her widowhood ‘in collecting and widow, Henrietta. So, unlike most widows who monumenting the portraits and reliquaries of all the would normally have received a life interest in a small great families from which she descended’. Similar estate or the income from their jointure, Lady Oxford sentiments were expressed by Mrs Delany, who found herself, at the age of , in sole possession of stayed at Welbeck that same year: ‘Here everything all the surviving Cavendish estates . displays the antiquity of the noble race from whence Henrietta, now the dowager Countess of Oxford the owners are descended, and the walls are covered and Mortimer, decided to retire to Welbeck Abbey in family portraits’. These ancestral portraits were immediately after her husband’s death in , and in the only pictures that Henrietta retained from Lord she stated in a letter that ‘if possible my Harley’s collection, apart from a number of paintings inclination for retirement increases’. She lived on at which she and her late husband had commissioned Welbeck for the remaining fourteen years of her life, from John Wootton. These were of course mostly making only one major trip, to Scotland in , plus portraits of horses, and they reflect Lady Oxford’s occasional trips to London and to Bath for her other life-long interest in horses, riding and hunting, health. She also paid visits to Bulstrode Park in which she shared with most of her ancestors. She Buckinghamshire, to see her only daughter Margaret, even chose to be painted by Godfrey Kneller for her the wife of William Bentinck, nd Duke of Portland, full-length portrait in , in her finest riding attire. and her grandson William Henry Cavendish- Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, ‘a constant and Bentinck, Marquess of Titchfield. In one of the devoted friend of Lady Oxford,’ was one of her THE GEORGIAN GROUP JOURNAL VOLUME XI LADY OXFORD ’ S ALTERATIONS AT WELBECK ABBEY , ‒ regular correspondents. Lady Oxford’s surviving the Marylebone estate development. What may be letters suggest that she was remarkably philosophical James’s survey drawing (Fig. ) shows the entrance about the troubles of owning a large estate, about life courtyard to the west of the main house with all the in general and even about her gradually declining surrounding buildings laid flat. It corresponds with health. Only her passion for building seems to have Samuel Buck’s view of the south front of Welbeck excited any real enthusiasm. When she wrote to her Abbey (Fig. ) of and with the description of young grandson she often expressed her annoyance the Abbey written by George Vertue in : ‘before and impatience with the rate of building works; for the house at Welbeck a Spacious large Court Yard example on December she wrote to her with Stables one side built & a Noble Riding grandson ‘I will go on with it [the building work] as House for the Managing of Horses on ye other side fast as circumstances permit. I have a hundred foot in length this was built in Duke Williams workmen employed and intend to have more when time.... .’ The drawing shows the western the weather is better and the days are longer. The (entrance) facade of the main house (Fig. ) as it had stucco men are working by candle light by night and been remodelled for the late Duke by an unknown in the early morning.’ And in another letter she stated, architect, with sashes throughout and a raised and ‘Welbeck improvements do not go as fast as I would pedimented three-window centre. The survey also wish. The many fairs, feasts and races are sad retarders records the rear or north facade of what became of our work.’ known as the Oxford Wing, showing that it too had The income and especially the timber from the been regularised with sash windows, plus the then Welbeck Abbey estate had been used to finance Lord surviving Smythson stables to the west and the Old Harley’s obsessive collecting, and Henrietta stated Riding School to the north.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Nottinghamshire's Sustainable Community Strategy
    Nottinghamshire’s Sustainable Community Strategy the nottinghamshire partnership all together better 2010-2020 Contents 1 Foreword 5 2 Introduction 7 3 Nottinghamshire - our vision for 2020 9 4 How we put this strategy together What is this document based on? 11 How this document links with other important documents 11 Our evidence base 12 5 Nottinghamshire - the timeline 13 6 Nottinghamshire today 15 7 Key background issues 17 8 Nottinghamshire’s economy - recession and recovery 19 9 Key strategic challenges 21 10 Our priorities for the future A greener Nottinghamshire 23 A place where Nottinghamshire’s children achieve their full potential 27 A safer Nottinghamshire 33 Health and well-being for all 37 A more prosperous Nottinghamshire 43 Making Nottinghamshire’s communities stronger 47 11 Borough/District community strategies 51 12 Next steps and contacts 57 Nottinghamshire’s Sustainable Community Strategy 2010-2020 l p.3 Appendices I The Nottinghamshire Partnership 59 II Underpinning principles 61 III Our evidence base 63 IV Consultation 65 V Nottinghamshire - the timeline 67 VI Borough/District chapters Ashfield 69 Bassetlaw 74 Broxtowe 79 Gedling 83 Mansfield 87 Newark and Sherwood 92 Rushcliffe 94 VII Case studies 99 VIII Other relevant strategies and action plans 105 IX Performance management - how will we know that we have achieved our targets? 107 X List of acronyms 109 XI Glossary of terms 111 XII Equality impact assessment 117 p.4 l Nottinghamshire’s Sustainable Community Strategy 2010-2020 1 l Foreword This document, the second community strategy for Nottinghamshire, outlines the key priorities for the county over the next ten years.
    [Show full text]
  • Thoroton Society Publications
    THOROTON SOCIETY Record Series Blagg, T.M. ed., Seventeenth Century Parish Register Transcripts belonging to the peculiar of Southwell, Thoroton Society Record Series, 1 (1903) Leadam, I.S. ed., The Domesday of Inclosures for Nottinghamshire. From the Returns to the Inclosure Commissioners of 1517, in the Public Record Office, Thoroton Society Record Series, 2 (1904) Phillimore, W.P.W. ed., Abstracts of the Inquisitiones Post Mortem relating to Nottinghamshire. Vol. I: Henry VII and Henry VIII, 1485 to 1546, Thoroton Society Record Series, 3 (1905) Standish, J. ed., Abstracts of the Inquisitiones Post Mortem relating to Nottinghamshire. Vol. II: Edward I and Edward II, 1279 to 1321, Thoroton Society Record Series, 4 (1914) Tate, W.E., Parliamentary Land Enclosures in the county of Nottingham during the 18th and 19th Centuries (1743-1868), Thoroton Society Record Series, 5 (1935) Blagg, T.M. ed., Abstracts of the Inquisitiones Post Mortem and other Inquisitions relating to Nottinghamshire. Vol. III: Edward II and Edward III, 1321 to 1350, Thoroton Society Record Series, 6 (1939) Hodgkinson, R.F.B., The Account Books of the Gilds of St. George and St. Mary in the church of St. Peter, Nottingham, Thoroton Society Record Series, 7 (1939) Gray, D. ed., Newstead Priory Cartulary, 1344, and other archives, Thoroton Society Record Series, 8 (1940) Young, E.; Blagg, T.M. ed., A History of Colston Bassett, Nottinghamshire, Thoroton Society Record Series, 9 (1942) Blagg, T.M. ed., Abstracts of the Bonds and Allegations for Marriage Licenses in the Archdeaconry Court of Nottingham, 1754-1770, Thoroton Society Record Series, 10 (1947) Blagg, T.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Edwinstowe Village News”
    ISSUE: 3 This is our third edition of “Edwinstowe Village News”. June was a big month in the calendar of the village, with the Jubilee celebrations and the visit of the Olympic Torch shortly afterwards. Inside you will find photos of the Edwinstowe “Jubilee Picnic” and the Edwinstowe Angels’ charity walk. There were still plenty of people who were determined not to be put off by the rain and came out to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee. Also inside, are pictures of the day the Olympic Torch came to Edwinstowe. People turned out in their thousands to welcome the Torch to “Robin Hood’s village”. It was one of those once in a lifetime days when people could say, “I was there.” Britain’s fickle weather didn’t smile kindly names, including Goffs, Benhams and Ococo had stalls on the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee celebrations- and Scott from Treet House did a hog roast for the Angels. organising any outdoor event in this country is a Some of Edwinstowe’s top talent performed throughout matter of chance. Despite the atrocious weather on the afternoon, including Maxine Santana, Pete Jones, Ben the Sunday, plenty of Edwinstowe people donned Haynes and a rousing flag waving finale was provided their waterproofs and wellies and came out to the by the Dukeries Singers with some of the “Last Night of the cricket green to enjoy the “Big Picnic,” organised Proms” favourites. by the Parish Council, in conjunction with the Edwinstowe Parish Councillor Karen Peck, one of the Edwinstowe Angels who held their breast cancer organisers of the event said, “I’d like to thank all the charity walk in the morning.
    [Show full text]
  • Geographies of Belonging in the Nottinghamshire Coalfield: Affect, Temporality and Deindustrialisation
    GEOGRAPHIES OF BELONGING IN THE NOTTINGHAMSHIRE COALFIELD: AFFECT, TEMPORALITY AND DEINDUSTRIALISATION Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Leicester by Jay Emery School of Geography, Geology and the Environment University of Leicester December 2018 Abstract This thesis investigates the affective-temporal processes of belonging among mining families in the Nottinghamshire coalfield, examining how affective histories and memories of deindustrialisation and the coal industry mediate belongings. Literatures on the post- industrial working-class have noted how processes of deindustrialisation and industrial ruination have dismantled previous formations of belonging based around work, community and place. Research has also highlighted ways that the past emerges and surfaces in the present to unsettle and disrupt contemporary belongings. Analysis prescribed around specific methods belies the relationalities of discursive, embodied and sensorial textualities and distorts from how the past in the present is lived. Further, fundamental to understanding and recognising the past in the present is an attentive reading of those pasts from an historical perspective. Relatedly, social scientists have identified how affective class histories transfer intergenerationally and dispose working-class bodies to industrial forms of life that no longer exist. I suggest that the relationalities between belonging and memory, lived experience and intergenerational transferences need to be understood as one affective-temporal process. Drawing on weak theory, Anderson’s ‘analytics of affect’ and the genealogical method, I propose a multi-modal methodology emphasising attunement to the embodied, reflexive and more-than-representational modes that the past emerges, as well as a nuanced tracing of place pasts. Through this methodological and analytical framework, I conceive the Nottinghamshire coalfield as a set of temporal and affective enfolded blendings conditioning the capacities of residents to belong and resist alienation.
    [Show full text]
  • Wimpole Park Hospital
    1 How did the United States Military Hospital at Wimpole Hall develop and how did it link to the evacuation of injured from the 2 European Theatre of operations (1944-5)? A Report by George Duncan ([email protected]) 3 Contents Page Title page –page 1 Contents page- 2 Introduction to Interest- 3 Source Analysis-3 Introduction to project- 3 Wimpole Hall Prior to Hospital Formation- 4 The United States Army Medical Department and Diferent Types of Military Hospitals- 4 Brief overview of Normandy Beach Landings in 1944 and the Second World War-5 American Hospitals Overseas in WWII- 6 Beginnings of hospital at Wimpole Hall- 6 Arrival, setting-up and layout- 8 Evacuation Route for Injured-11 Life and Work in the Hospital- 12 POW camp- 14 Recreation- 15 The Closing of the Hospital- 15 The Site after Closure- 16 Why is it not remembered?- 18 Bibliography- 19 Title Page Pictures- 19 Appendix 1: Wiley’s Report- 19 Appendix 2: Tree Carvings at Wimpole Hall- 24 Appendix 3: Notice Board at Wimpole Park- 25 4 Appendix 4: Captain Bambridge’s Telegram- 26 Appendix 5: Pictures of site prior to Demolition- 26 Appendix 6: Email Correspondence with English Heritage- 27 Appendix 7: Email received from US Army Military Institute- 28 5 Introduction to interest My research on the Military Hospital at Wimpole Hall, Cambridgeshire originally stemmed from an interest in the operating of WWII Hospital Trains in my own village of Meldreth, something I discovered from talking to members of the Meldreth Local History Group. Finding out more about the hospital trains, I was intrigued to learn that the injured men taken of at Meldreth Station were in fact Americans operating overseas and were transported to a hospital set within the grounds of Wimpole Estate, next to the village of Arrington.
    [Show full text]
  • Headway Fourth Edition Pre-Intermediate Reading Text Unit 7
    Read the text. 1 Living history Chatsworth House has been home to the same family since 1549. In that time the house has welcomed kings and queens, prime ministers and politicians, and more recently bands and film crews. The 12th Duke of Devonshire, Peregrine Cavendish, and his wife Amanda have lived at Chatsworth since 2006. The Duke inherited the house on the death of his father in 2004. He says: ‘My family has lived here for over 450 years. The estate has been passed down the Cavendish family for 15 generations, and I now have the pleasure and responsibility to look after it for the next generation.’ Visitors often see him walking through the house and garden when it is open to the public. He says, ‘Chatsworth is a magical place, and I feel lucky to be able to share it with all of our visitors.’ Headway Pre-Intermediate Fourth Edition • Student’s Book • Unit 7 pp.58–59 © Oxford University Press PHOTOCOPIABLE 2 The most beautiful house in England Chatsworth is situated in the hills of Derbyshire, in the Midlands. Many people say it is the most beautiful house in England. It has nearly 300 rooms (with 17 staircases and 26 baths) and is set in 35,000 acres of land. It needs 500 staff to run. The art collection includes paintings by Raphael, van Dyck, and Rembrandt. The whole estate is worth about £500 million. It costs approximately £5m a year to run Chatsworth, so the house has been open to the paying public since 1949, and in 2010 there were around 600,000 visitors.
    [Show full text]
  • Cavendish the Experimental Life
    Cavendish The Experimental Life Revised Second Edition Max Planck Research Library for the History and Development of Knowledge Series Editors Ian T. Baldwin, Gerd Graßhoff, Jürgen Renn, Dagmar Schäfer, Robert Schlögl, Bernard F. Schutz Edition Open Access Development Team Lindy Divarci, Georg Pflanz, Klaus Thoden, Dirk Wintergrün. The Edition Open Access (EOA) platform was founded to bring together publi- cation initiatives seeking to disseminate the results of scholarly work in a format that combines traditional publications with the digital medium. It currently hosts the open-access publications of the “Max Planck Research Library for the History and Development of Knowledge” (MPRL) and “Edition Open Sources” (EOS). EOA is open to host other open access initiatives similar in conception and spirit, in accordance with the Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the sciences and humanities, which was launched by the Max Planck Society in 2003. By combining the advantages of traditional publications and the digital medium, the platform offers a new way of publishing research and of studying historical topics or current issues in relation to primary materials that are otherwise not easily available. The volumes are available both as printed books and as online open access publications. They are directed at scholars and students of various disciplines, and at a broader public interested in how science shapes our world. Cavendish The Experimental Life Revised Second Edition Christa Jungnickel and Russell McCormmach Studies 7 Studies 7 Communicated by Jed Z. Buchwald Editorial Team: Lindy Divarci, Georg Pflanz, Bendix Düker, Caroline Frank, Beatrice Hermann, Beatrice Hilke Image Processing: Digitization Group of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science Cover Image: Chemical Laboratory.
    [Show full text]
  • THE MUSEUM During 1970 and 1971 Considerable Work Has Been Done on the Collections, Although Much Still Remains to Be Sorted Out
    THE MUSEUM During 1970 and 1971 considerable work has been done on the collections, although much still remains to be sorted out. The work of identifying and labelling geological specimens has been completed, and the insect collections sorted, fumi- gated, labelled, put in checklist order and card indexed. The egg collection has also been re-labelled and card indexed, and some specimens added to it. In the historical field a large collection of photographic plates, mainly taken by Taunt of Oxford about 1900, has been sorted and placed in individual envelopes. Racking has been installed in part of the first floor of the stable and most of the collection of pottery sherds transferred to it, where it is easily accessible. A start has been made on the production of a card index of the folk collection and to-date some 1,500 cards have been completed. At short notice reports on archaeological sites in the Chilterns and in the River Ouse Green Belt were prepared, and at greater leisure one on the Vale of Aylesbury for the County Planning Department. This involved visiting a very large number of sites, which did however yield additional information about some. A start has been made on an examination of air photographs of the county, and a number of new sites, particularly of ring ditches and medieval sites, have been found. Excavations were carried out by the museum staff on four sites referred to in The Records, three of them on behalf of the Milton Keynes Research Committee. Amongst the exhibitions was one of Museum Purchases 1960-1970, opened by Earl Howe, Chairman of the County Education Committee, which showed all the purchases made during that period.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Review 2019
    CHATSWORTH CHATSWORTH HOUSE TRUST HOUSE TRUST CHATSWORTH HOUSE TRUST ANNUAL REVIEW 2019 ANNUAL REVIEW 201 REVIEW ANNUAL 9 Pictured De-installation of Raffaelle Monti, A veiled Vestal Virgin, 1846-1847, marble contents Chatsworth House Trust 2 2019 Overview 4 The Duke and Duchess of Devonshire 7 Conservation and Archives 8 Loans, Acquisitions and Commissions 12 Treasures from Chatsworth 14 Exhibitions and the Arts 18 Learning 24 House and Stables 28 Farmyard 29 Garden and Park 30 Forestry 34 Environment 35 Our Visitors and Friends of Chatsworth 36 Our Staff 40 Our Community 42 Our Commitment to Our Shared Future 46 Our Supporters 50 Money Matters 52 Trustees 54 Appendices 56 Further Information 60 Pictured View of the Chatsworth Park to the West, from the top of the Cascade Cover Raffaelle Monti, A veiled Vestal Virgin, 1846-1847, marble chatsworth Below The Devonshire family motto – Cavendo Tutus (Safety through Caution) house trust The Chatsworth House Trust was established The house, much of its contents, the garden and Any surplus the charity generates from its activities is spent on • To make appropriate acquisitions to enhance the in 1981 and endowed by the Devonshire family. surrounding park are leased to the Chatsworth House conservation and restoration of the house, garden and park to Devonshire Collections A registered charity, its principal purpose is Trust. The lease includes many of the chattels on display ensure their preservation for the enjoyment of the public. the long term preservation of the house, its art to visitors, but a significant quantity is loaned temporarily • To ensure as many people as possible can appreciate from the family and the Devonshire Collections.
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to the Devonshire Collection Archives
    Guide to the Devonshire Collection Archives Part 2 Estate Papers and Related Collections Aidan Haley Assistant Archivist Devonshire Collection 2017 Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 1. Archival Catalogues ...................................................................................................... 2 1.1. Collections originating from estate offices .................................................................. 2 1.2. Other Estate Collections .............................................................................................. 4 1.3. Derbyshire Mining Records ....................................................................................... 10 1.4. Maps and Plans .......................................................................................................... 11 1.5. Related Collections .................................................................................................... 13 2. A note on the accumulation of the Devonshire Estates ................................................ 16 3. A note on the management of the Devonshire Estates ................................................ 18 Summary of the Devonshire Collection Archive Estate Papers and Related Collections Introduction Founded in the 1540s by Sir William Cavendish, and reaching a peak of c.180,000 acres in the late 19th century, for the last four centuries the Devonshire estates have required considerable oversight and administration.
    [Show full text]
  • Dukeries History Trail Booklet
    Key Walk 1 P Parking P W Worksop Café Steetley C P P Meals Worksop W Toilets C Manor P M Museum Hardwick Penny Walk 2 Belph Green Walk 7 W C M P W Toll A60 ClumberC B6034 Bothamsall Creswell Crags M Welbeck P W Walk 6 P W M A614 CWalk 3 P Carburton C P Holbeck P P Norton Walk 4 P A616 Cuckney Thoresby P Hall Budby P W M WalkC 5 Sherwood Forest Warsop Country Park Ollerton The Dukeries History Trail SherwoodForestVisitor.com Sherwood Forest’s amazing north 1. Worksop Priory Worksop is well worth a visit as it has a highly accessible town centre with the Priory, Memorial Gardens, the Chesterfield Canal and the old streets of the Town Centre. Like a lot of small towns, if you look, there is still a lot of charm. Park next to the Priory and follow the Worksop Heritage Trail via Priorswell Road, Potter Street, Westgate, Lead Hill and the castle mound, Newcastle Avenue and Bridge Street. Sit in the Memorial Gardens for a while, before taking a stroll along the canal. Visit Mr Straw’s House(National Trust) BUT you must have pre-booked as so many people want to see it. Welbeck Abbey gates, Sparken Hill to the south of the town. The bridge over the canal with its ‘luxury duckhouse’, Priorswell Road . 2. Worksop Manor Lodge Dating from about 1590, the Lodge is a Grade 1 listed building. Five floors have survived – there were probably another two floors as well so would have been a very tall building for its time.
    [Show full text]
  • English Monks Suppression of the Monasteries
    ENGLISH MONKS and the SUPPRESSION OF THE MONASTERIES ENGLISH MONKS and the SUPPRESSION OF THE MONASTERIES by GEOFFREY BAS KER VILLE M.A. (I) JONA THAN CAPE THIRTY BEDFORD SQUARE LONDON FIRST PUBLISHED I937 JONATHAN CAPE LTD. JO BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON AND 91 WELLINGTON STREET WEST, TORONTO PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN IN THE CITY OF OXFORD AT THE ALDEN PRESS PAPER MADE BY JOHN DICKINSON & CO. LTD. BOUND BY A. W. BAIN & CO. LTD. CONTENTS PREFACE 7 INTRODUCTION 9 I MONASTIC DUTIES AND ACTIVITIES I 9 II LAY INTERFERENCE IN MONASTIC AFFAIRS 45 III ECCLESIASTICAL INTERFERENCE IN MONASTIC AFFAIRS 72 IV PRECEDENTS FOR SUPPRESSION I 308- I 534 96 V THE ROYAL VISITATION OF THE MONASTERIES 1535 120 VI SUPPRESSION OF THE SMALLER MONASTERIES AND THE PILGRIMAGE OF GRACE 1536-1537 144 VII FROM THE PILGRIMAGE OF GRACE TO THE FINAL SUPPRESSION 153 7- I 540 169 VIII NUNS 205 IX THE FRIARS 2 2 7 X THE FATE OF THE DISPOSSESSED RELIGIOUS 246 EPILOGUE 273 APPENDIX 293 INDEX 301 5 PREFACE THE four hundredth anniversary of the suppression of the English monasteries would seem a fit occasion on which to attempt a summary of the latest views on a thorny subject. This book cannot be expected to please everybody, and it makes no attempt to conciliate those who prefer sentiment to truth, or who allow their reading of historical events to be distorted by present-day controversies, whether ecclesiastical or political. In that respect it tries to live up to the dictum of Samuel Butler that 'he excels most who hits the golden mean most exactly in the middle'.
    [Show full text]