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Improving the Road Management System JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 16, 2020 IMPROVING THE ROAD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 1S.A. Yuldasheva, 2I.U. Rakhimberdiev, 3R.Z.Umarova, 4S.M.Arslanbekov, 5B.B.Giyasidinov Annotation: The article considers the peculiarities of road management and organization in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Provides data traffic activities of the organization describe the composition and classification of automobile roads, law on the road, history of road development and content, and financing of roads. The assessment of foreign experts to roads of the Republic is given. The experience of foreign countries in the development and maintenance of roads is given. Introduction Transport routes have long been considered one of the main sources of income for the state. The development of transport links between States was initially one of the main means of uniting peoples, developing the economy, and enriching cultures. Over time, transport has become an integral part of our lives. In the past, the territory of Uzbekistan was located in the heart of the great silk road, and this was due to the fact that it was through this route that the shortest transport corridors from Europe to Asia passed. The use of Uzbekistan's geographical location at the crossroads between the West and the East, as well as the North and South of the Eurasian continent, opens the possibility for many countries of the Eurasian continent to carry out continuous and safe land transport links. In recent years, a comprehensive reconstruction and repair of the most important transit transport arteries "Tashkent-Osh" with the construction of two tunnels at the pass "Kamchik", "Tashkent-Termez", "Samarkand – Bukhara - Alat", "Kungrad - Beineu", Samarkand – Bukhara - Alat", "Tashkent - Termez", Guzar – Bukhara – Nukus - Beineu", "Tashkent - Osh" with bypassing the settlements of Jizak, Gulistan, Kokand, Kattakurgan, Buka, Alat and sayrob. Built a new road along the route "Gulistan - Akhangaran", allowing the shortest connection between the Fergana valley and the southern and North - Western regions of the country, excluding transit traffic through the city of Tashkent and Gulistan. A project for the reconstruction and development of the "Uzbek national highway" with a length of more than 2,700 km is being implemented. The bulk of the 2-way plots of the trends of the "Beyneu – Kungrad – Bukhara – Samarkand – Tashkent - Andijan", "Bukhara - Alat", "Bukhara – Karshi – Guzar - Termez and Samarkand - Guzar" brought to the 1st category with 4-lane traffic, and the pavement translated with an axle load of 10 tons axle load 13 tonnes, with the alignment of the geometric parameters. More than 500 km of roads are being converted to cement concrete. Transport interchanges, bypasses of cities such as Bukhara, Karshi, Beruniy, Turtkul, bridges and overpasses are also being built as part of the programs. According to statistics, road transport is more popular for cargo transportation. Accordingly, the contributions to the road sector are significant. 2976 JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 16, 2020 The graph shows that in the next 10 years, investments and road transport will increase and outpace other types of transport in our country. This means that today, the conversation about the state of roads is particularly popular. With a certain increase in the potential of highways, there are significant problems that the industry faces. The country has a law "on highways", according to which it is possible to determine the legal basis for regulating public relations in the field of road development and operation. According to the law, highways are divided into public roads and departmental roads. Public roads are roads that are included in the appropriate lists by the government of the Republic of Uzbekistan in accordance with the established procedure, indicating the index and number. Public roads with all structures included in them are state property and are provided for use in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Public roads are divided into international, state, and local (regional) roads based on their economic and administrative significance. Departmental highways are the property of the relevant enterprises, collective farms and economic organizations. They are divided by their purpose into access, technological, on-farm, service, patrol, and others. In Uzbekistan, there are only 184.1 thousand kilometers of roads, including 42.7 thousand km of public roads, 67.3 thousand km of on-farm roads, 62.0 thousand km of streets in cities and localities, and 12.1 thousand km of departmental and inspection roads. and over the years of independence, this figure has been slightly changed in comparison – 1-2%. The total length of public roads is 42654 km, including: international roads-3979 km, national roads- 14069 km and local roads-24606 km. The number of public roads is 2042 units, including: 11 units of international significance, 229 units of national significance, and 1802 units of local significance. More than 90% of roads provide year-round reliable and stable traffic on them, including: cement – concrete coatings – 1%, asphalt – 52%, black coatings-42%, gravel-3%, ground-2%. Share of lower-category roads they make up almost one third of the total network, including: 1 category -5%, 2 category-13%, 3 category-18%, 4 category-46%, 5 category-18%. Today, there is a gradual transition of roads to modified pavement. For example, if there were just dirt roads, now they have started to be converted to gravel, and those roads that were made last year as gravel-now they are being converted to roads with asphalt concrete pavement. For this purpose, bitumen is purchased from imports, since there is not enough bitumen produced in the Republic – there are a lot of roads. Mainly asphalt concrete coatings under construction have a service life of 10-15 years, and they need to be repaired after the first 4-5 years of use. According to statistics, in the former Soviet Union, Uzbekistan ranked fourth in the number of roads out of 15 republics! the first is Russia, the second is Ukraine, the third is Belarus and the fourth is Uzbekistan. Since Uzbekistan ranked fourth because of the density of roads, it was assigned the number "four" - that is, 4P-indicates Republican roads, 4K – local. International roads are roads with the abbreviation "A", " M " - highways, highways. To date, the Committee on highways under the Ministry of transport of the Republic of Uzbekistan is responsible for coordinating, managing and implementing road policies in Uzbekistan. The Committee develops and implements the state program determines the prospects of development, to exercise control over quality, coordinates and organizes the work to improve roads. Today Gascolator adheres to the trends - to keep what we have. State management of public roads is carried out by the government of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The government of the Republic of Uzbekistan, through a special authorized body of the state administration of highways, exercises state supervision and organizes the maintenance, repair and construction of public roads. According to the law, departmental roads are operated by enterprises that manage roads. Their work is coordinated by local authorities and administrations. Streets within cities, urban settlements, and rural localities are managed by local authorities and are on the balance sheet of housing and utilities companies that maintain them. Road authorities or owners of departmental roads are responsible for planning the development of road networks in compliance with environmental legislation. Financing of road works on public roads is made at the expense of road funds, departmental roads-enterprises, roads of urban settlements, streets and rural localities - at the expense of local budgets. The design, construction and reconstruction of public roads is carried out by specialized organizations established by law. The design, construction and reconstruction of departmental roads is carried out by the organizations in charge of these roads. The design and construction of departmental roads on territories that are not intended for public use that are alienated for the benefit of the relevant departments is carried out without special permits. Legal entities interested in using roads, as well as the relevant local authorities and administrations, can participate in the construction and reconstruction of roads. The forms of such cooperation are determined by agreements. Permits for the construction of access roads (junctions) to public roads and intersections are issued by the organizations that manage the corresponding roads. The road authorities have the right to make a decision on the reconstruction of such a junction or intersection, if it was built without the appropriate permission or in violation of the conditions put forward by the road authorities, or on bringing the territory to its original state. 2977 JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 16, 2020 Expenses for maintaining departmental highways that are open for public use are shared by legal entities that constantly use these roads. Road transport structures (railway crossings, overpasses, ferry crossings, tram lines, etc.) are maintained and repaired by the organizations in charge of these structures. The order of maintenance and repair of such structures is agreed with the relevant road authorities. Works on the construction, maintenance, repair
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