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The Demise of the African American Baseball Player
LCB_18_2_Art_4_Standen (Do Not Delete) 8/26/2014 6:33 AM THE DEMISE OF THE AFRICAN AMERICAN BASEBALL PLAYER by Jeffrey Standen* Recently alarms were raised in the sports world over the revelation that baseball player agent Scott Boras and other American investors were providing large loans to young baseball players in the Dominican Republic. Although this practice does not violate any restrictions imposed by Major League Baseball or the MLB Players Association, many commentators have termed this funding practice of dubious ethical merit and at bottom exploitative. Yet it is difficult to distinguish exploitation from empowerment. Refusing to lend money to young Dominican players reduces the money invested in athletes. The rules of baseball and the requirements of amateurism preclude similar loans to American-born baseball players. Young ballplayers unlucky enough to be born in the United States cannot borrow their training expenses against their future earning potential. The same limitations apply in similar forms to athletes in other sports, yet baseball presents some unique problems. Success at the professional level in baseball involves a great deal of skill, attention to detail, and supervised training over a long period of time. Players from impoverished financial backgrounds, including predominately the African American baseball player, have been priced out of the game. American athletes in sports that, like baseball, require a significant commitment of money over time have not been able to fund their apprenticeships through self-generated lending markets. One notable example of self-generated funding is in the sport of golf. To fund their career goals, American golfers raise money through a combination of debt and equity financing. -
Numbered Panel 1
PRIDE 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E The African-American Baseball Experience Cuban Giants season ticket, 1887 A f r i c a n -American History Baseball History Courtesy of Larry Hogan Collection National Baseball Hall of Fame Library 1 8 4 5 KNICKERBOCKER RULES The Knickerbocker Base Ball Club establishes modern baseball’s rules. Black Teams Become Professional & 1 8 5 0 s PLANTATION BASEBALL The first African-American professional teams formed in As revealed by former slaves in testimony given to the Works Progress FINDING A WAY IN HARD TIMES 1860 – 1887 the 1880s. Among the earliest was the Cuban Giants, who Administration 80 years later, many slaves play baseball on plantations in the pre-Civil War South. played baseball by day for the wealthy white patrons of the Argyle Hotel on Long Island, New York. By night, they 1 8 5 7 1 8 5 7 Following the Civil War (1861-1865), were waiters in the hotel’s restaurant. Such teams became Integrated Ball in the 1800s DRED SCOTT V. SANDFORD DECISION NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF BA S E BA L L PL AY E R S FO U N D E D lmost as soon as the game’s rules were codified, Americans attractions for a number of resort hotels, especially in The Supreme Court allows slave owners to reclaim slaves who An association of amateur clubs, primarily from the New York City area, organizes. R e c o n s t ruction was meant to establish Florida and Arkansas. This team, formed in 1885 by escaped to free states, stating slaves were property and not citizens. -
Annotated Bibliography -- Trailtones
Annotated Bibliography -- Trailtones Part Three: Annotated Bibliography Contents: Abdul, Raoul. Blacks in Classical Music. New York: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1977. [Mentions Tucson-born Ulysses Kay and his 'New Horizons' composition, performed by the Moscow State Radio Orchestra and cited in Pravda in 1958. His most recent opera was Margeret Walker's Jubilee.] Adams, Alice D. The Neglected Period of Anti-Slavery n America 1808-1831. Gloucester, Massachusetts: Peter Smith, 1964. [Charts the locations of Colonization groups in America.] Adams, George W. Doctors in Blue: the Medical History of the Union Army. New York: Henry Schuman, 1952. [Gives general information about the Civil War doctors.] Agee, Victoria. National Inventory of Documentary Sources in the United States. Teanack, New Jersey: Chadwick Healy, 1983. [The Black History collection is cited . Also found are: Mexico City Census counts, Arizona Indians, the Army, Fourth Colored Infantry, New Mexico and Civil War Pension information.] Ainsworth, Fred C. The War of the Rebellion Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. General Index. [Volumes I and Volume IV deal with Arizona.] Alwick, Henry. A Geography of Commodities. London: George G. Harrop and Co., 1962. [Tells about distribution of workers with certain crops, like sugar cane.] Amann, William F.,ed. Personnel of the Civil War: The Union Armies. New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1961. [Gives Civil War genealogy of the Black Regiments that moved into Arizona from the United States Colored troops.] American Folklife Center. Ethnic Recordings in America: a Neglected Heritage. Washington: Library of Congress, 1982. [Talks of the Black Sacred Harping Singing, Blues & Gospel and Blues records of 1943- 66 by Mike Leadbetter.] American Historical Association Annual Report. -
Trouble in Kansas SECTION 2
DO NOT EDIT--Changes must be made through “File info” CorrectionKey=TX-A Trouble in Kansas SECTION 2 If YOU were there... TEKS 7C, 7D, 8B, 10A, 24A You live on a New England farm in 1855. You often think about moving West. But the last few harvests have been bad, and you What You Will Learn… can’t afford it. Now the Emigrant Aid Society offers to help you get Main Ideas to Kansas. To bring in antislavery voters like you, they’ll give you a 1. The debate over the expan- wagon, livestock, and farm machines. Still, you know that Kansas sion of slavery influenced the election of 1852. might be dangerous. 2. The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed voters to allow or Would you decide to risk settling in Kansas? prohibit slavery. 3. Pro-slavery and antislavery groups clashed violently in what became known as “Bleeding Kansas.” BUILDING BACKGROUND The argument over the extension of slavery grew stronger and more bitter. It dominated American politics The Big Idea in the mid-1800s. Laws that tried to find compromises ended by caus- The Kansas-Nebraska Act ing more violence. The bloodiest battleground of this period was in heightened tensions in the Kansas. conflict over slavery. Key Terms and People Election of 1852 Franklin Pierce, p. 483 Four leading candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination Stephen Douglas, p. 484 emerged in 1852. It became clear that none of them would win a Kansas-Nebraska Act, p. 485 Pottawatomie Massacre, p. 487 majority of votes. Frustrated delegates at the Democratic National Charles Sumner, p. -
Invitation for Bid for the Restoration of the Historic Hamtramck Negro League Baseball Stadium
THE CHARTER COUNTY OF WAYNE, MICHIGAN INVITATION FOR BID FOR THE RESTORATION OF THE HISTORIC HAMTRAMCK NEGRO LEAGUE BASEBALL STADIUM CONTROL NO. 37-21-055 IFB TIMETABLE ACTION DATE TIME IFB Issue Date 2/19/2021 Bidder’s Questions Due 3/1/2021 12:00 P.M. Eastern Time Responses to Bidder’s Questions** 3/4/2021 Bid Responses Due 3/23/2021 2:00 P.M. Eastern Time Contract Start Date** 5/1/2021 * If Necessary ** Estimated Dates Procurement Contact: Shelia L. Anderson, Strategic Sourcing Analyst Ph: (313) 224-6075 Email: [email protected] Pre-bid Walk-Through: There is no scheduled walk-through; however, the facility is open and available for bidders to visit at: 3201 Dan Street, Hamtramck, MI 48212 Description: The County of Wayne is requesting bids for restoration of the Hamtramck Stadium, one of only five remaining Negro league baseball stadiums in the country. A copy of this bid may be obtained from the BidNet Direct website (formerly MITN.info) at https://www.bidnetdirect.com, until the deadline date and time noted above. Contents PART 1 – INVITATION FOR BID (IFB) .............................................................................................................. 4 SECTION 1.0 – INTRODUCTION & INSTRUCTIONS: ................................................................................................ 4 1.1 Introduction/Background .............................................................................................................................. 4 1.2 Objective ...................................................................................................................................................... -
Photo I: Benjamin "Pap" Singleton Source: Painter After the Kansas State Historical Society 5
4 Benjamin "Pap" Singleton (Kansas Stale Historical Society) Photo I: Benjamin "Pap" Singleton Source: Painter after the Kansas State Historical Society 5 COLONIZING AFRICAN AMERICAN PLACES IN KANSAS 1857-1885 by Kay Ellen Weller Reason for the study Several African American colonies were established in Kansas between 1857 and 1885. Few people know much, ifanything,aboutmost of these colonies because little was recorded in the local media about them at the time. Nicodemus is the one exception. In 1998 it became a National Historic Site thus receiving much attention from the media. Because scholarly research about these colonies is so scant it is important to study them from a geographic perspective. This paper attempts to do that by answering the following questions: 1) Where were Kansas African American colonies located between 1857 and 1885?; 2) Why did African Americans want to relocate from their homes in the south to Kansas?; 3) What was the state of nativity of the Kansas African American colonist in specific colonies?; 4) Why did most Kansas African American colonies disappear? Conditions in the south and reasons to emigrate The Civil War, although a war of unification, became a war to free slaves with the Emancipation Proclamation ofJanuary 1, 1863. 1 General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant at the Appomattox Court House in Virginia on April 9, 1865, thus ending the war of four years. The South was left with an infrastructure in shambles and shortages of raw materials and manpower. Poverty and suffering noricul Society) Kay Weller is a Professor of Geography at the University of Northern Iowa. -
Antislavery Violence and Secession, October 1859
ANTISLAVERY VIOLENCE AND SECESSION, OCTOBER 1859 – APRIL 1861 by DAVID JONATHAN WHITE GEORGE C. RABLE, COMMITTEE CHAIR LAWRENCE F. KOHL KARI FREDERICKSON HAROLD SELESKY DIANNE BRAGG A DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the Graduate School of The University of Alabama TUSCALOOSA, ALABAMA 2017 Copyright David Jonathan White 2017 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the collapse of southern Unionism between October 1859 and April 1861. This study argues that a series of events of violent antislavery and southern perceptions of northern support for them caused white southerners to rethink the value of the Union and their place in it. John Brown’s raid at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, and northern expressions of personal support for Brown brought the Union into question in white southern eyes. White southerners were shocked when Republican governors in northern states acted to protect members of John Brown’s organization from prosecution in Virginia. Southern states invested large sums of money in their militia forces, and explored laws to control potentially dangerous populations such as northern travelling salesmen, whites “tampering” with slaves, and free African-Americans. Many Republicans endorsed a book by Hinton Rowan Helper which southerners believed encouraged antislavery violence and a Senate committee investigated whether an antislavery conspiracy had existed before Harpers Ferry. In the summer of 1860, a series of unexplained fires in Texas exacerbated white southern fear. As the presidential election approached in 1860, white southerners hoped for northern voters to repudiate the Republicans. When northern voters did not, white southerners generally rejected the Union. -
A Light in Darkness, Oscar Micheaux: Entrepreneur Intellectual Agitator Airic Hughes University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 7-2015 A Light in Darkness, Oscar Micheaux: Entrepreneur Intellectual Agitator Airic Hughes University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the African American Studies Commons, African History Commons, American Film Studies Commons, and the American Literature Commons Recommended Citation Hughes, Airic, "A Light in Darkness, Oscar Micheaux: Entrepreneur Intellectual Agitator" (2015). Theses and Dissertations. 1317. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1317 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. A Light in Darkness, Oscar Micheaux: Entrepreneur Intellectual Agitator A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History By Airic Hughes University of Arkansas Bachelor of Arts in History and African and African American Studies, 2011 July 2015 University of Arkansas This thesis is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. __________________ Dr. Calvin White Thesis Director __________________ __________________ Dr. Pearl Ford Dowe Dr. James Gigantino Committee Member Committee Member Abstract: Oscar Micheaux was a luminary who served as an agent of racial uplift, with a unique message to share with the world on behalf of the culturally marginalized African Americans. He produced projects that conveyed the complexity of the true black experience with passion and creative courage. His films empowered black audiences and challenged conventional stereotypes of black culture and potential. -
Exodusters Itinerary
Exodusters Itinerary The Great Exodus of 1879 was a mass movement of 20,000 African Americans from the Southern United States to counties in Kansas following the Civil War. John Brown and his fiery abolitionist friends combined with the anti-slavery Civil War reputation of “Bleeding Kansas” made it seem a fair place where freed men and women and their families would be welcome. Spend a day on the Kansas Wetlands and Wildlife National Scenic Byway as you trace the Exoduster migration and settlement in Barton and Stafford Counties. Begin at the Martin Cemetery in Stafford County and end in Barton County. The tour will take you to local cemeteries, museums and memorials to experience the stories of Exodusters, Cris Collier This tour will also take you through Quivira National Wildlife Refuge and Cheyenne Byway Marketing Coordinator Bottoms Wildlife Area, where you will discover the natural wonders of our extraordinary Great Bend CVB piece of the planet. P.O. Box 274 3007 10th Street Great Bend, KS 67530 Stafford County, Kansas P: 620-792-2750 F: 620-792-7959 Stop 1: Martin Cemetery [email protected] Corner of NW 10 Ave & US-50 HWY, south of St. John. GPS Coordinates: 37.9564, -98.7745 www.KansasByway.com Established in 1906 and last used in 1954, this small, serene cemetery on US Barton County Claflin Highway 50 is populated by Exodusters and their descendants. Freed slaves Ellinwood settled in this part of Kansas beginning in 1879. By 1914 the African American Great Bend Hoisington population of Stafford County was 425. Stafford County Hudson Stop 2: Stafford Cemetery Stafford St. -
John Brown Visual Thinking Strategy Activity Worksheet 1 – “John Brown: Friend Or Foe”
tragic prelude Pre and Post Visit Packet 7th & 8th grade students Tragic Prelude pre AND POST VISIT Packet Table of Contents Section 1 – Pre-Visit Materials Section 2 – Post-Visit Materials Supplemental Math and Science Programs can be found on the Mahaffie website (Mahaffie.org). – “How Does the Cannon Work” – “Trajectory” Page 2 Tragic Prelude pre VISIT Packet Section 1 – Pre-Visit Materials Page 3 Tragic Prelude Pre-Visit Lesson Plan OBJECTIVES 1. The student will analyze how the issues of slavery and popular sovereignty fostered a bloody feud between the states of Kansas and Missouri. 2. The student will analyze the specific events that occurred during “Bleeding Kansas” and put those events into context with the U.S. Civil War. 3. The student will identify key figures during the Kansas/Missouri Border Wars. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS 1. What led to the disputes between Kansas and Missouri? 2. How was the issue of slavery decided in Kansas? STANDARDS Kansas Social Studies Benchmark 1.3 - The student will investigate examples of causes and consequences of particular choices and connect those choices with contemporary issues. Benchmark 2.2 - The student will analyze the context under which significant rights and responsibilities are defined and demonstrated, their various interpretations, and draw conclusions about those interpretations. Benchmark 4.2 - The student will analyze the context of continuity and change and the vehicles of reform, drawing conclusions about past change and potential future change. Common Core CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.6-8.2 Determine the central ideas or information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of the source distinct from prior knowledge or opinions. -
2011/2012 Black History Trivia Bowl Study Questions # CATEGORY
2011/2012 Black History Trivia Bowl Study Questions # CATEGORY QUESTION ANSWER Along the Gulf Coast of Louisiana, what type of music is played 1 Arts with the accordion? Zydeco 2 Arts Who wrote "Their Eyes Were Watching God" ? Zora Neale Hurston Which one of composer/pianist Anthony Davis' operas premiered in Philadelphia in 1985 and was performed by the X: The Life and Times of 3 Arts New York City Opera in 1986? Malcolm X Since 1987, who has held the position of director of jazz at 4 Arts Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York City? Wynton Marsalis Of what profession were Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, and Countee Cullen, major contributors to the Harlem 5 Arts Renaissance? Writers Who wrote Clotel , or The President’s Daughter , the first 6 Arts published novel by a Black American in 1833? William Wells Brown Who published The Escape , the first play written by a Black 7 Arts American? William Wells Brown 8 Arts What is the given name of blues great W.C. Handy? William Christopher Handy What aspiring fiction writer, journalist, and Hopkinsville native, served as editor of three African American weeklies: the Indianapolis Recorder , the Freeman , and the Indianapolis William Alexander 9 Arts Ledger ? Chambers 10 Arts Nat Love wrote what kind of stories? Westerns Cartoonist Morrie Turner created what world famous syndicated 11 Arts comic strip? Wee Pals Who was born in Florence, Alabama in 1873 and is called 12 Arts “Father of the Blues”? WC Handy Georgia Douglas Johnson was a poet during the Harlem Renaissance era. -
Manhattan, Kansas African American History Trail Self-Guided Driving
1 Manhattan, Kansas African American History Trail Self-Guided Driving Tour July 2020 This self-guided driving tour was developed by the staff of the Riley County Historical Museum to showcase some of the interesting and important African American history in our community. You may start the tour at the Riley County Historical Museum, or at any point along to tour. Please note that most sites on the driving tour are private property. Sites open to the public are marked with *. If you have comments or corrections, please contact the Riley County Historical Museum, 2309 Claflin Road, Manhattan, Kansas 66502 785-565-6490. For additional information on African Americans in Riley County and Manhattan see “140 Years of Soul: A History of African-Americans in Manhattan Kansas 1865- 2005” by Geraldine Baker Walton and “The Exodusters of 1879 and Other Black Pioneers of Riley County, Kansas” by Marcia Schuley and Margaret Parker. 1. 2309 Claflin Road *Riley County Historical Museum and the Hartford House, open Tuesday through Friday 8:30 to 5:00 and Saturday and Sunday 2:00 to 5:00. Admission is free. The Museum features changing exhibits on the history of Riley County and a research archive/library open by appointment. The Hartford House, one of the pre-fabricated houses brought on the steamboat Hartford in 1855, is beside the Riley County Historical Museum. 2. 2301 Claflin Road *Goodnow House State Historic Site, beside the Riley County Historical Museum, is open Saturday and Sunday 2:00 to 5:00 and when the Riley County Historical Museum is open and staff is available.