Brazil North Eastern Mega Birding 27th September to 18th October 2019 (22 days) Trip Report

Lear’s Macaws by Stephan Lorenz

Trip report compiled by Tour Leader: Stephan Lorenz

Trip Report – RBL – North Eastern Mega Birding 2019 2

Tour Summary Northeast Brazil offers a combination of rare endemics and endangered specialty unparalleled anywhere in South America. In addition, this true to the term mega tour took us through some of the most spectacular scenery in the country, from the stark and inselbergs in the north through the rugged cliffs of the Chapada Diamantina and finally to the lush Atlantic rainforest in the coastal areas of . In between, we birded in marshy grasslands, thorn scrub, intact , remnant on remote hill tops, montane , and finally lush lowland rain forest. Our 5600- kilometre journey offered one the grandest birding adventures anywhere. The birds were even more spectacular than the landscape with the top four sightings as chosen by participants offering a good overview of Brazil’s diversity: 1. Lear's Macaw, 2. Giant Snipe, 3. Blue-eyed Ground Dove, and 4. Banded Cotinga with honorable mentions Giant Snipe by Stephan Lorenz given to Black-and-white Hawk Eagle, Ringed Woodpecker, Hook-billed , Horned Sungem, Hyacinth , Toco Toucan, Henna-capped Foliage-gleaner, Cipo Canastero, White-bibbed , White-browed Antpitta, and Blue Manakin. Overall, we recorded 106 Brazilian endemics and 503 ! To learn about all the other highlights we encountered, please continue reading. ______Tour in Detail Everyone had arrived on time the evening before and we met up for an early breakfast at our comfortable hotel in . After quick introductions, coffee, and the ever- present Brazilian cake for breakfast, we loaded the vehicle and set out towards Guaramiranga and the Serra de Baturite. We arrived in the beautiful village of Guaramiranga in the heart of the mountains by late morning and quickly settled into our rooms and then enjoyed lunch. Our initial explorations of the nearby areas resulted in a healthy list of endemics and specialties. The Serra de Baturite is an isolated area of higher elevation that supports more humid forests and is a meeting point for Amazonian and Blue-eyed Ground Dove by Stephan Lorenz Atlantic avifauna. Especially taxa, typical of Atlantic rain forest have speciated with several birds, now restricted to this isolated area and several currently recognized subspecies may be split in the future. We birded along the edge of the forest in the early afternoon and in the late afternoon set out on a short trail to look for one of the main targets, the very rare Grey-breasted Parakeet, which we successfully found with a flock offering spectacular close

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views. Other notable species during the first afternoon included Sick's Swift, Rufous-breasted and Planalto Hermits, Ruby-topaz , Blue-chinned Sapphire, Swallow-tailed Hummingbird, Fork-tailed Woodnymph, Versicolored Emerald, endemic Ochraceous Piculet, recently split Ochre-backed Woodpecker giving great views, Black-capped Antwren, recently split and endemic Ceara , noisy Wing-banded and Pale- legged Horneros, endemic Grey-headed and Yellow-chinned Spinetails, and very confiding and colorful Band-tailed Manakins. The range-restricted Buff-breasted Tody- Tyrant was easily found with several great views. In the canopy, we tracked down Planalto and Guianan Tyrannulets and even the ground hugging Pectoral Sparrow flew up into the trees to reveal itself for all to get great views. The open areas at our first and second Grey-breasted Parakeet by Stephan Lorenz stops also held several colorful orioles, warblers, and , including Campo Troupial, Golden- crowned Warbler, Red-cowled Cardinal, Sayaca, Palm, Burnished-buff, and a distinct subspecies of Red- necked Tanagers. The latter has an obvious bluish rump. Blue Dacnis and Bananaquits were abundant. A Green Kingfisher and Rufescent Tiger Heron by a small pond were a welcome surprise. Yet, one of the best finds included a calling Gould’s Toucanet that came in for great views, occurring here as an outlying population of this Amazonian species. This rounded out the first birding session and we returned to the hotel and then had dinner at a nearby restaurant, celebrating a good dose of lifers already.

For the second full day of the tour, we covered the trails in the Serra de Baturite thoroughly and then spent an afternoon birding in the heart of the caatinga in the Quixadá area. We saw an impressive variety of endemics and specialties. During the early morning hours, we went out along a loop trail that wound its way through pristine forest where all the Serra de Baturite targets occur, and we successfully located each of them. Initially, we birded more open habitats where we saw Little Woodpecker, Yellow- chevroned Parakeet, Great and Variable Antshrikes, Plain Antvireo, Masked Water Tyrant, Short-crested Flycatcher, Great Kiskadee, Social Flycatcher, Tropical Kingbird, Rufous-browed Peppershrike, Grey-breasted Martin, House and Band-tailed Manakin by Stephan Lorenz Moustached Wrens, Pale-breasted and Rufous-bellied Thrushes, the introduced Common Waxbill, and Variable Oriole. In a particularly dense section of forest, we had a response from the Rufous-breasted Leaftosser, which will likely be split as Ceara Leaftosser, and a pair showed very well, perching still for minutes on end in full view - camera

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shutters clicked furiously. During the walk, we also tallied an impressive number of including Planalto, Ceara, Buff-throated, and Straight-billed Woodcreepers, plus the impressive Red- billed Scythebill. The tiny White-throated Spadebill also offered great studies. As we completed the loop, we finally located a calling Ceara Gnateater that showed very well, and a few minutes later promptly found another one. The same area also held the skulky Ochre-cheeked Spinetail and the easier Sooty-fronted Spinetail. During the hike out, we located a Caatinga . After such a successful morning, we returned to the hotel, packed up, and started the drive south towards Quixadá and the caatinga. We checked into the Hotel Pedra dos Ventos and, after a short break, we birded in the surrounding scrub and open areas, tallying up an impressive list of caatinga specialties. The highlights included great views of the rare White-browed Guan for scope views and the large, bold White-naped Jay was in the same Buff-breasted Tody-Tyrant by Stephan Lorenz area. Caatinga Parakeets were feeding on fruits right off one of the balconies. We carefully scanned a rock outcrop right next to the restaurant and pool and found a family group of three Pygmy Nightjars roosting next to some cacti, an amazing study in camouflage. A short walk in the nearby dry forest offered good views of Plain-breasted Ground, Scaled, Picui Ground, White-tipped and Eared Doves, Green- barred Woodpecker, Yellow-chevroned Parakeet, Blue-winged Parrotlet, a family troop of Caatinga Cacholotes near their stick nest, Pearly-vented Tody-Tyrant, Common Tody-Flycatcher, Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet, Masked Water-Tyrant, Brown-crested Flycatcher, Tropical Gnatcatcher, endemic Long-billed Wren, Chalk-browed Mockingbird, and Grey Pileated Finch. A distant Aplomado Falcon was scoped and proved to be the only one of the tour. At dusk, we heard and briefly saw a Ferruginous Pygmy Owl to finish another fantastic day.

We checked the area around the lodge again briefly in the morning and then set out for the long drive to the area. During the morning, we added several great species and enjoyed better views of some we had seen previously. Some of the best finds included additional White-browed Guans, Ochraceous Piculet, better views of Ochre-backed Woodpecker, the Caatinga form of Barred Antshrike, Planalto Slaty Antshrike, Black- bellied Antwren, and great studies of Long- billed Wrens. An Ash-throated Casiornis showed very well and was a big bonus since this species is usually not present during the dry season. We made one roadside stop at a Rufous-breasted Leaftosser by Stephan Lorenz wetland during the drive southwest and here

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we added Brazilian Teal, Guira Cuckoo, Common Gallinule, Limpkin, Black-necked Stilt, Southern Lapwing, Wattled Jacana, the only Cocoi Heron, Great, Snowy, and Western Cattle Egrets, Striated Heron, and elegant Snail Kites. We arrived at the well situated Sitio Pau Preto for lunch and then set out to explore the pristine caatinga habitats nearby with several difficult targets in mind. We did exceptionally well with the limited time we had and found some true tour highlights in the form of several Silvery- cheeked Antshrikes, Caatinga Antwren, Great Xenops that came in close for good views, a pair of skulky Red-shouldered Spinetails that offered incredible open views, and Grey-eyed Greenlet. The wetland right in front of the lodge held White-faced Whistling Ceara Gnateater by Stephan Lorenz Ducks and Pied-billed Grebe. The feeders at the lodge were swamped with Pale Baywings, Chestnut- capped Blackbirds, Red-cowled Cardinals, and Grey Pileated Finches. After a delicious dinner of local food, we retired and slept well in the peaceful surroundings, looking forward to waking up the next morning in the middle of an excellent birding habitat.

We spent the early morning enjoying the easily accessible caatinga habitat around the lodge and then had another tasty breakfast. Some of the highlights, we found within just a few minutes of walking, they included a dozen Least Nighthawks coursing above the pond at dawn, a cooperative Stripe-backed Antbird that gave unobstructed views, and a male Scarlet-throated flew in close. We also added a nice suite of flycatchers to the list with the best finds being White-crested Tyrannulet, Tawny- crowned Pygmy Tyrant, both Lesser and Greater Wagtail-Tyrants for a great comparison, and Southern Scrub Flycatcher. The last stop as we were leaving the beautiful Sitio Pau Preto produced a White-naped Xenopsaris, another bonus since they are often not present during the dry season. A Burrowing Owl perched by the side of the road was easily ticked from the van. We continued with high anticipation towards the Arajara Park in hopes of seeing one of the tour highlights, the incomparable Manakin. We did break the short journey with a stop at another productive wetland and within fifteen minutes added Southern Pochard, Amazon Kingfisher, Black-backed Water Tyrant, Barn Swallow, and best of all, the endemic White- throated Seedeater to the list. We arrived at the Arajara Park by midmorning and without delay set off down the trail where it took less than five Caatinga Parakeet by Stephan Lorenz minutes before we had the main quarry in our

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binoculars, the stunning Araripe Manakin. We enjoyed several minutes of great views of this distinctive manakin clad in snow white, ruby red, and silky black. Overall, we saw at least two males and a female. We also found the tricky Tawny Piculet, which showed well. Euler’s Flycatcher was the only other addition before we returned to the van to start the long drive south towards Canudos and the famous Lear’s Macaw Reserve. Before reaching the reserve in the early evening, we made a short detour and at sunset found several perched Blue-winged Macaws. A pair of Crimson- crested Woodpeckers was a bonus and Martin expertly spotted a Tropical Screech Owl roosting in a tree cavity. We had dinner in town and reached the lodge in the reserve after dark, settled in quickly in preparation for the early start the following morning.

This was one of the most anticipated mornings of the entire tour and we rose well before sunrise in order to reach the cliffs where the Lear’s Macaws roost and nest. After a quick gulp of coffee, we loaded into Pygmy Nightjar by Stephan Lorenz the jeeps and drove for about forty-five minutes to reach the overlook. Within moments, we could hear the macaws and then saw the dark silhouettes of these massive cut through the dawn sky. We then enjoyed a pair perched on a nearby columnar cacti. The spectacle was even more tremendous at a nearby overlook where at least sixty of these indigo colored macaws flew about screeching or perched atop the flaming red sandstone. This was one of the finest birding experiences in the world and a great example of how species can be saved from the brink of extinction. Other excellent observations here included small flocks of Blue-crowned Parakeets of the northeastern subspecies and a perched Bat Falcon. We birded in the nearby caatinga, adding several quality birds in the form of a flighty Broad- tipped Hermit, Spotted Piculet, Cliff Flycatchers, and a pair of vivid Ultramarine Grosbeaks. We then had a hearty breakfast back at the lodge, celebrating our incredible experience with these endangered macaws. From the Canudos area, we carried on to Alagoas and the remote Murici Reserve on the edge of União dos Palmares. By midmorning, we made a strategic stop that Ochraceous Piculet by Stephan Lorenz netted us an immature Pectoral Antwren after a dedicated search and we also caught everyone up with White-throated Seedeaters. For the remainder of the day, we drove east and reached our hotel in the early evening. We had dinner at the hotel and then retired in preparation for an early start.

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We left the hotel with two jeeps before sunrise and reached the remote forest patch of the Murici Reserve by about 7:00 am, after tackling the bumpy road. During the journey up the mountain, we found lots of activity in the open areas and added Red- shouldered Macaw, Orange-headed, Flame- crested, White-lined, Palm, Burnished-buff, and Guira Tanagers, and Chestnut-vented Conebill. We walked the entire trail system in the reserve for the remainder of the morning and had excellent views of Long-tailed Woodnymph, Golden-spangled Piculet, Red-stained Woodpecker, Silvery-flanked Antwren, White- backed Fire-eye, Scalloped Antbird, Black- cheeked Gnateater, Plain-winged Woodcreeper, Plain Xenops, Blue-backed and Red-headed Manakins, Screaming Piha, White-bellied Tody-Tyrant, and Greyish Mourner. Unfortunately, it appears that the critically endangered Alagoas Antwren is nearing extinction as no group has seen it the entire year and we also failed to have any sign of it despite a lot of effort. Among the scrub near the trail entrance, we added Southern White-fringed Antwren as we were leaving. We returned down Ash-throated Casiornis by Stephan Lorenz the mountain and had lunch at a roadside churrascaria before carrying on back towards the city. Before returning to the hotel, we stopped in a productive area of pastures and marshland, finding some quality birds here. The best addition included a Pinnated Bittern that eventually showed well in the scope after we crossed the field and tracked it down in the middle of the marsh, this is an often-overlooked species. We also enjoyed good views of Rufous- fronted Thornbirds, Grey Elaenia, White- headed Marsh and Cattle Tyrants, and a singing Yellowish Pipit that landed on a fence post right in front of us.

We spent the following day birding the Frei Caneca Reserve, the second largest forest patch surviving in Alagoas and with several difficult targets ahead, we started by sunrise again traveling up the hills with jeeps. We drove along a rough dirt road towards the forested hills and started adding some good species along the way in the form of Jandaya Parakeets perched and the rare Seven-colored Tanager. We then birded along a wide trail in the reserve, quickly finding some of our main targets, including brief views of Mantled Araripe Manakin by Stephan Lorenz Hawk, a fly over White-collared Kite, and the mega Orange-bellied Antwren. Incredibly, the very rare Alagoas Tyrannulet showed within a few minutes of arriving at the spot. Later in the morning, we birded in a nearby private reserve where we

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found the extremely rare Pinto’s Spinetail and then enjoyed busy hummingbird feeders that hosted Black Jacobin, Rufous-breasted and Reddish Hermits, Black-eared Fairy, Ruby-topaz Hummingbird, Black-throated Mango, a female Frilled Coquette, Blue- chinned Sapphire, Swallow-tailed Hummingbird, Long-tailed Woodnymph, Sombre Hummingbird, Versicolored and Glittering-throated Emeralds, and White- chinned Sapphire. The fruit feeders attracted Orange-headed, Flame-crested, White-lined, Brazilian, Sayaca, Palm, Burnished-buff, Seven-colored and Red-necked Tanagers, plus Blue Dacnis, Red-legged Honeycreeper, and Buff-throated Saltator. Before leaving the area, we still found Smoky-fronted Tody- Flycatcher, Yellow Tyrannulet, and Bran- Broad-tipped Hermit by Stephan Lorenz colored Flycatcher. We had a picnic lunch in the field surrounded by busy hummingbird feeders and then started the long drive to Tamandaré, where we arrived in the early evening. After a quick check in, we had dinner in a nearby restaurant.

In order to make the most of our limited time during the morning, we prepared an early breakfast at the hotel and then checked the vegetation around the same restaurant where we had dinner. This strategy paid off when a Plain-bellied Emerald flew up to perch on a wire. After close views, we carried on to a nearby marsh where it took a few tries, but eventually a pair of the rare Forbes’s Blackbirds showed well. The target birds were seen like clockwork, but we still had the trickiest species ahead of us. We continued to the Saltinho Reserve, which is unfortunately not open to visiting birders, so we staked out the entrance area. After ten minutes of waiting, we heard a promising call and then spotted a single, male Yellow-faced Siskin, a very difficult endemic to track down and we were pleased by the good views we obtained. After the bird flew off, we were also off to our next location. We drove towards Estancia on the coast, a journey that took most of the remainder of the day. We arrived in time for an initial visit to the Crasto Forest and we were hoping to find the range-restricted, endemic Fringe- backed Fire-eye and after a ten-minute search, we observed a male come right into the open for Helmeted Manakin by Stephan Lorenz spectacular views. The back pattern is very intricate. Other new species for the list in the area included high flying Scaled Pigeon, uncommon Lesser Swallow- tailed Swift, heard only Mangrove Rail, distant Golden-tailed Parrotlets, many Orange-winged Parrots,

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a few Peach-fronted Parakeets, Sooretama Slaty Antshrike, and Southern Yellowthroat. We then drove back to town for a well- deserved rest.

The following morning, we set out early to return to the Crasto Forest area, beginning our birding on the edge of the coastal mangroves, hoping to find the localized and difficult Rufous Crab Hawk. It took a lot of scanning and waiting, but eventually, we had distant scope views of two soaring birds. Other additions in the mangrove area included Semipalmated Plover, Whimbrel, Spotted Sandpiper, Cabot’s Tern, three species of kingfishers, Campo Flicker, and Bicolored Conebill. We then returned to the forest and found Streaked Xenops, a stunning pair of White-winged Cotingas, Sepia-capped Horned Sungem by Stephan Lorenz Flycatcher, Stripe-necked Tody-Tyrant, and Chivi Vireo. Our journey then took us into Bahia towards the historic town of Lençóis on the edge of the dramatic Chapada Diamantina, a transfer that lasted until early evening. Of course, we could not resist a few unplanned stops here and there. A small roadside wetland held the only Comb Ducks and White-cheeked Pintails of the tour! Arriving after dark, we settled in and then had a delicious dinner in the vibrant center of Lençóis that was abuzz with live music and visitors.

Today, we set out into the heart of the Chapada Diamantina and after walking a trail and birding atop the famous and scenic Pai Inácio, we successfully located all the hoped- for targets. During the cool morning hours, we hiked down a trail into a wild and gorgeous valley which harbored nonstop bird activity. Some of the undoubted highlights were perched , scoped White-eared , a pair of cooperative Sincorá Antwrens, a Collared Crescentchest that sat in the open for minutes on end, the first Pale-breasted Spinetail, several Serra Finches, and a good selection of seedeaters. Cipo Canastero by Stephan Lorenz Some elected to hike to the top of Pai Inácio to savor the spectacular views, but also adding Velvety Black Tyrant and even better views of Hooded Visorbearer. We returned to Lençóis for lunch and then set out in the late afternoon to bird an area of dry forest near town. The afternoon here was productive, adding several species, particularly bonus Rusty- margined Guans, Surucua Trogon, White-shouldered Fire-eye, Flavescent Warbler, stunning Helmeted Manakin, and the main target of the spot, Pale-bellied Tyrant-Manakin of which two gave great views in a fruiting tree.

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Today, we travelled along the entire length of the Chapada Diamantina from the town of Lençóis to Mucugê. Along the way, we made many birding stops in various habitats ranging from riparian forest to pristine cerrado and a few wetlands in between. It was a busy, bird filled day that ended again in the heart of the mountains just outside of Mucugê. Our first stop in the early morning hours netted us some of the most sought-after species of the tour. It took more than one hour of patient listening, waiting, and tracking, but eventually we all had superb views of the endemic Sao Francisco Sparrow, a tricky species. In between, we found Broad-tipped Hermit, perched!, Planalto Hermit, and White-vented Violetear. At another stop, a vocal flock of Biscutate Swifts showed well overhead. We stopped near a small farm and soon had an East Brazilian Chachalaca in the scope. Along the drive, a stately Red-legged Seriema casually strolled across the road. Pin-tailed Manakin by Stephan Lorenz Lunch was one of the best of the tour, in a small village that offered cold beers and delicious, traditional food. In the cerrado, we stopped for some time and walked the road back and forth, finding a gorgeous male Horned Sungem, a surprise Great Xenops, Grey-backed Tachuri after a dedicated effort, Plain- crested Elaenia, and the very scarce Rufous-sided Pygmy Tyrant. We also enjoyed better views of Ultramarine Grosbeak and added Cinnamon and White-banded Tanagers, the latter a true cerrado specialty, while Black-throated Saltators proved to be common. In a marshy area, we added Fork-tailed Flycatcher, Blue-black Grassquit, White-bellied, Copper, and Yellow-bellied Seedeaters. The final stop before Mucugê was alongside a rocky hillside, where soft call notes eventually revealed a male Blue Finch, a true jewel of this parched landscape and we savored extended scope views of this gem before carrying on. The timing was going to be tight, but we drove through and past Mucugê, hoping there was enough daylight left to track down one of the final targets of the Chapada Diamantina, the endemic and rare Diamantina . With some luck and determination, we arrived at the spot and within minutes had a tapaculo literally Bahia Spinetail by Stephan Lorenz dancing on open branches right in front of us - incredible success. The family groups of Red and Gilt-edged Tanagers added some color to the beautiful evening in the Chapada Diamantina. Elated, we drove to Mucugê and our accommodations for the night.

With all the targets seen in the Chapada Diamantina, we decided to leave early in the morning in order to arrive in the Caetité area with enough time for an afternoon of birding. The drive was a long one, but we reached our destination with plenty of time for an afternoon outing. Waiting out the hottest part of the day, we set out towards some forest fragments south of town. We reached an area of scrub where, despite the heat, we were able to lure in a pair of Rusty-backed Antwrens for great views. We continued to the main birding spot where even a dedicated search failed to turn up the hoped-for Minas Gerais

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Tyrannulet, a species that would have to wait for later during the tour. Yet, we did find several stellar additions for the list and enjoyed good views of Scaly-headed , Ochre-faced Tody-Flycatcher, another pair of Sao Francisco Sparrows, and Green-winged Saltator. We stayed out after dark and heard a Little Nightjar calling, while enjoying scope views of Saturn’s moons under a brilliantly clear night sky.

Realizing that our chances for the Minas Gerais Tyrannulet were slim in the area, we left the hotel very early to get started with the long haul to the Botumirim area, a decision that proved productive in the end. At one of the few stops during the long drive; we found a Savanna Hawk on a nest and enjoyed the aerial prowess of low flying Biscutate Swifts. We reached Botumirim for lunchtime and after a very short rest carried on to the Blue-eyed Ground Dove Reserve. This extension to Minas Gerais to see the recently rediscovered ground dove was a last-minute change to the tour and proved to be an absolutely worthwhile alteration. We reached the reserve in the late afternoon and Slender Antbird by Stephan Lorenz birded back and forth along the road between otherworldly limestone outcrops and white sand scrub, the preferred habitat of the Blue-eyed Ground Dove. We added several species to the list, most notably Narrow-billed Woodcreeper, Small-headed Elaenia, Curl-crested Jay, and the endemic Cinereous Warbling Finch. We heard the Blue-eyed Ground Dove calling clearly in the late afternoon, but the bird refused to reveal itself, so we hoped to see it the following morning. We stayed out until sunset and saw Least Nighthawk, Band-winged, Spot-tailed, and Scissor-tailed Nightjars all from one spot! During the drive out, we stopped in a section of taller trees and promptly called in a Common Potoo.

This was one of the most anticipated mornings of the tour and we started at sunrise in order to reach the nearby Blue-eyed Ground Dove Reserve early. We positioned ourselves in the same area as the previous evening and soon heard a bird call. Moving carefully towards the sound, we spotted the small dove perched in a shrub, offering great views and scope studies. It is a much more colorful bird than field guides indicate, and we felt privileged to see such a rare bird, hoping that conservation measures can save it Stripe-breasted Starthroat by Stephan Lorenz from extinction. While searching for the dove, we added White-tailed Hawk, a cooperative White Woodpecker, and Dubois's Seedeater to the list. After getting good views of the dove, we carried on to the Campo do Bananal area in order to search for

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several endemics preferring the rocky, scrubby habitats. We enjoyed a moderate hike to the top of the hills and soon found several targets species. Best of all was a that was seen right on arrival and other additions included Rufous-winged Antshrike and Spix’s Spinetail, plus better views of some species we had seen previously. After failing to get a response from the endemic Cipo Canastero, we broadened our search area and hiked to the top of the plateau, eventually trekking off trail. At the very last moment, we spotted a silent bird creeping through the rocks behind us. Sometimes taking a break to tell a bad joke pays off! The bird came in nicely and offered close views and photo opportunities, but incredibly it never called. Once we returned to the start of the trail, we gave it one final try and were rewarded with great views of a single Minas Gerais Tyrannulet. We returned to town for a well-deserved lunch. In Rufous-capped Antthrush by Stephan Lorenz the afternoon, we birded an area of dry forest near town called Mata do Lobo and while bird activity was fairly quiet, we still added Short-tailed Hawk, Toco Toucan, White-eyed Parakeet, the endemic Narrow-billed Antwren, Long-tailed Tyrant, Rusty- margined Flycatcher, and White-throated Kingbird.

With nearly all-important target species seen well, we went back to the Mata do Lobo area for the morning. After searching the same area as the previous afternoon, we finally found Henna-capped Foliage-gleaners and added White-wedged Piculet, Pin-tailed Manakin perched a metre away, Hangnest Tody-Tyrant, and a pair of Buff-breasted Wrens to our ballooning trip list. With a long drive ahead of us to the Boa Nova area, we started the journey early with only two or three roadside stops. During these brief birding stops, we added Suiriri Flycatcher, Wedge-tailed Grass Finch, and Chotoy Spinetail. The journey to the Boa Nova area took up the remainder of the day and we were returning to the state of Bahia.

Boa Nova and the surrounding national park boast an incredible bird diversity, this is where caatinga meets the Atlantic rainforest. Where rocky outcrops support unique gardens of cacti and scrubby dry forest hold several specialties. We had two days to Cinnamon-vented Piha by Stephan Lorenz explore this special area and on day one set out early to a section of wetter forest that was filled to the brim with new species. We drove down a narrow dirt road, alighted from the van, and then enjoyed nonstop bird activity until lunchtime. New

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birds were showing themselves left and right and the action was fast and furious. Right away, we tallied such specialties as Bahia Spinetail and Rio de Janeiro Antbird, both giving fantastic views. Other finds along this road included Scale-throated Hermit, Violet-capped Woodnymph, Crescent-chested Puffbird, Black-necked Aracari, Red-ruffed Fruitcrow, Spot-backed Antshrike giving scope views, Spot-breasted Antvireo, Ferruginous Antbird, Rufous Gnateater, the impressive Black-billed Scythebill, Sharp-tailed Streamcreeper, unique Striated Softtail, Green-backed and Chestnut- crowned Becards, Fork-tailed Pygmy Tyrant, Grey- headed Tody-Flycatcher, Sibilant Sirystes, Red- crowned Ant Tanager, Yellow-green Grosbeak, and Black-goggled and Golden-chevroned Tanagers. At the end of the morning, we even lured a pair of Blackish Rails into view - simply an incredible morning! During the afternoon, we set out to explore the drier forests and rocky areas near town and while the bird diversity was much lower than what we witnessed in the morning, we found several very special and endemic species. First up was a pair of Slender that emerged from the tangles of ground bromeliads to offer great views. We also Long-tailed Potoo by Stephan Lorenz added Sapphire-spangled Emerald, White Monjita, and White-bowed Blackbirds here. We carried on to a very special place indeed, a natural hummingbird garden perched atop a rocky outcrop, where blooming cacti attracted no less than five species of . We were hoping to see the difficult and nomadic Stripe-breasted Starthroat that is occasionally seen here and, in the end, we didn’t have to worry, since at least three individuals were in attendance, including a stunning male that perched and fed in view for minutes on end. During the late afternoon, we returned to the vehicle and we could have already called it the best day of the tour, but we had one more species in mind. We returned to the wet forest area of Boa Nova but drove a bit further to a promising looking marsh. Positioning ourselves on the edge, we were hoping, but not expecting to see a Giant Snipe. A pair of Short-tailed Nighthawks flew right overhead and Ocellated Poorwills started to call in the distance. Then a Giant Snipe sounded off behind us and we could see the plump shape whizz through the darkening sky and drop into the distant corner of the marsh. A few Black-headed Berryeater by Stephan Lorenz minutes later it flew low across the marsh and dropped again out of sight, but we were able to find it in the marsh and obtained close views in the spotlight as it fed in the open right in front of us. After getting satiation views, we retreated and then

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celebrated with high fives under a starry sky. This was, for many, one of the highlights of the tour and a proper finish to what had been one of the most diverse and successful days yet.

During the second full day in the Boa Nova area, we explored a forest patch atop a hill near Poções. We enjoyed a gentle early morning walk into the forest and spent the rest of the morning carefully tracking down several difficult endemics. The highlight of the day was the Wied's Tyrant-Manakin, which showed well twice. After searching for the endemic White-browed Antpitta since day three and only hearing it so far, we were keen to see it. This was our last chance, but luckily a bird was calling and within moments we saw it. This cooperative bird hopped out into the open mere metres from us, giving totally unobstructed views literally at our feet. It then flew back and forth a few times, offering perched views nearly a dozen times, what a great encounter with this good looking antpitta and another highlight of the morning! Other additions included a pair of Robust Woodpeckers in the scope, a pair of White-bibbed Antbirds displaying right in front of us, a most cooperative Rufous-capped Antthrush that waltzed into the open and then sat on an open perch for an eternity, Grey- capped Tyrannulet, White-necked Thrush, and the endemic Rufous-headed Tanager. We hiked back down and then returned to town for lunch after yet Black-capped Screech Owl by Stephan Lorenz another very successful morning. During the afternoon, we returned to the wet forest and explored a trail that reached slightly higher elevation adding several species to the list, including views of East Brazilian Pygmy Owl, Spot-billed Toucanet, Ochre-breasted and White-eyed Foliage-gleaners, Sharpbill, and Oustalet's Tyrannulet, which is rarely recorded on this itinerary.

Early in the morning, we began another long drive southwest towards the montane Atlantic rainforest of the Serra Bonita. We reached our lunch spot and transfer point in perfect time and after a delicious meal loaded into two jeeps to tackle the rough road up the mountain. We drove most of the way, but an impromptu stop in the lower portions added the scarce White-eared Parakeet among Maroon-bellied and Golden-capped Parakeets. We walked the last two kilometres of the entrance road and found White- Little Wood Rail by Stephan Lorenz throated Woodcreeper, the exquisite Kinglet Manakin, a locally rare Rough-legged Tyrannulet, visuals of the vociferous Grey-hooded Attila, good views of Rufous-brown Solitaire and Yellow-legged Thrush, Orange-bellied and Chestnut-bellied Euphonias, and the first Green-headed Tanagers. Stopping at an overlook near the lodge produced two

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Mantled Hawks and an adult Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle in quick succession. During the late afternoon, a calling Variegated Antpitta showed itself to some. What a fine start to birding in this beautiful reserve. Dinner at the main house was a delicious, traditional soup and we got to meet Dr. Becker who was able to give us details about the history of the reserve.

Our full day in the Serra Bonita Reserve kept us busy literally from dawn until dusk. In the early morning, we took two jeeps to the highest point where a loop trail wound its way through pristine forest full of endemics. One of the best finds early on was the undescribed Serra Bonita Treehunter that showed well, and we found a second one later in the morning. This was a special bird since it was species number 7999 for Elaine and a few minutes later a pair of Three-striped Flycatchers were in the scope, number 8000. We of course celebrated Elaine’s achievement for a few moments. Some of the other highlights included Grey-fronted Dove, a male Amethyst Woodstar perched in a clearing, Yellow-throated Woodpecker, Pale- browed Treehunter, Sharpbills were common, and we found a Bahia Tyrannulet high in the canopy. Other standouts along the trail and back around the lodge included Mangrove Rail by Stephan Lorenz Drab-breasted Bamboo Tyrant, Lemon-chested Greenlet, locally scarce Magpie Tanager, and a vocal Black-throated Grosbeak. We also found a pair of the scarce Plumbeous Antvireos that showed very well. We tracked calling Cinnamon-vented Pihas near the lodge and eventually saw no less than three birds. Just before dinner, we tracked down the Variegated Antpitta again, so everyone enjoyed the fabulous views. Even after dinner, the birding didn’t stop, and we tracked down a vocal Long-tailed Potoo that flew onto a dead tree right next to the lodge. We even had time to get the scope and get wonderful views of its intricate plumage. This is a species rarely recorded in this part of Brazil and what a finish to a most memorable day.

We birded a bit around the lodge in the early morning and then descended from the mountains to the lowlands. We had great views of a Star-throated Antwren and saw a pair of Black-capped Donacobius during the drive down. Brown-chested Martins and Thrush-like Wrens also offered great views. We worked our way along the entrance road and then along the main highway, stopping in many locations and adding species at nearly Band-tailed Antwren by Stephan Lorenz every stop. One of the best finds along the roadside included a male Chestnut-backed Antshrike, but the most shocking find was a male Banded Cotinga that stayed long enough for everyone to get a good view. This was a very welcome find, since this species can be extremely difficult to track down. Additional finds included Black Hawk-Eagle and

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a family troop of Yellow-fronted Woodpeckers. Before reaching Porto Seguro, we stopped in at the Veracel Reserve for a very productive afternoon of birding. In fact, it was incredible how quickly many of the target species fell into place. We explored a short trail and soon had views of Band-tailed and Bahia Antwrens, Wedge-billed Woodcreeper, and Brown-winged Schiffornis. Near the headquarters, we checked a stake out and within minutes had a male Racket-tailed Coquette in the scope. Along another trail, we found the locally rare Rufous- capped Motmot and difficult, endemic Black- headed Berryeater that landed right above us. A Blond-crested Woodpecker was an unexpected find. While an evening vigil netted us scope views of Scaled Pigeon, the rare endemic Red-browed Parrot, and many Rufous-throated Sapphires that swarmed a flowering bush. Some night birding produced close views of a Black-capped Screech Owl and we heard a Tawny-browed Owl.

For the last full day, we returned to the Veracel Reserve with only a limited number of target species in mind. We drove to the Grey-headed Spinetail by Stephan Lorenz headquarters area for a picnic breakfast and just after dawn a small flock of Ochre-marked Parakeets flew in, offering close, perched views, a much wanted endemic. We then carried on to the shorter forest in the white sand area and enjoyed two hours of nonstop bird activity here, adding the rare Hook-billed Hermit, Green-backed Trogon, the distinctive Reichenow's subspecies Blue-headed Parrot perched in an open tree, Bahia Antwrens gave better views, and Black-capped Becard and Whiskered Myiobius were new. We also recorded male and female White-winged Cotingas. Amazingly, Golden-tailed Parrotlets flew a slow circle above us, offering some of the best views possible of this high-flying species. We also located the distinctive subspecies of Turquoise and Opal-rumped Tanagers, both potential splits with the former sometimes called White-bellied and the latter Silver-breasted Tanagers. We hiked down a longer trail into truly astounding forest of old growth that offered a glimpse of what these lowlands originally looked like. Here, we found Dusky-capped Flycatchers and a White-lored Tyrannulet. Along the same side trail, we found the very rare Atlantic forest subspecies of Golden-green Woodpecker and White-crowned Manakins showed well. After lunch, we stopped by the mangroves on the edge of Porto Seguro and quickly found a Little Wood Rail. Exploring a few more trails at Veracel Reserve in the late afternoon, we found another Rufous- capped Antthrush that even stayed long enough for scope views and at the last possible moment found a male Ringed Woodpecker, a species that is very rare in the eastern part of its range.

For the final morning, we maintained the routine and awoke early again in order to Minas Gerais Tyrannulet by Stephan Lorenz catch the best tide conditions in the nearby

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mangroves. The timing was perfect, and we had great views of a Little Wood Rail within moments of stepping from the van. We then heard a Mangrove Rail call and positioned ourselves carefully. We could see the tide coming in and the Mangrove Rail soon emerged from the last strip of unflooded ground, literally walking around at our feet completely in the open. What an incredible finish to and epic trip. Ruddy Turnstones walking along the sidewalk among Rock Doves were the final additions to the trip list. ______

Annotated List of species recorded Note: Number in brackets ( ) indicate number of days on the tour the species was recorded. List powered through the report generator of our partner iGoTerra.

Birds (503 in total: 485 seen, 18 heard) Nomenclature and follows Gill, F and D Donsker (Eds). 2019. IOC World Bird List (v 9.1). Status codes: E = Endemic, NE = Near-endemic, I = Introduced IUCN codes: CR = Critically endangered, EN = Endangered, VU = Vulnerable, EW = Extinct in the Wild, NT = Near Threatened, DD = Data Deficient

Tinamous Tinamidae Solitary Tinamou (NT) Tinamus solitarius (2) 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Glimpsed by some and later heard by all at Veracel Reserve. Little Tinamou Crypturellus soui albigularis (4) 1 heard Crasto Forest 4.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10, 1 heard Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Widespread and heard often in wetter forest. Brown Tinamou Crypturellus obsoletus riseiventris (3) 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Calling loud and clear at Serra Bonita. Yellow-legged Tinamou Crypturellus noctivagus zabele (NT) (2) 3 heard observed 6.10. Heard well in the Mata do Lobo area of the Chapada Diamantina. Variegated Tinamou Crypturellus variegatus (1) 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Calling loudly one evening in the Veracel Reserve. Small-billed Tinamou Crypturellus parvirostris (5) 1 heard Canudos 1.10, 3 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 2 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 heard Caetite 8.10. Heard regularly in caatinga and cerrado habitats. Red-winged Tinamou Rhynchotus rufescens catingae (1) 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. Only heard distantly as we were birding in cerrado in the Chapada Diamantina. White-bellied Nothura Nothura boraquira (1) 1 heard en route 2.10. Heard only near the hotel near the Murici Reserve.

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Ducks, Geese & Swans Anatidae White-faced Whistling Dendrocygna viduata Duck (2) 6 observed 29.9 and 15 en route 30.9. We saw them well in the Potengi area. Comb Duck Sarkidiornis sylvicola (1) 2 en route 5.10. A fantastic find in a roadside pond during the drive towards the Chapada Diamantina, great views for all from the vehicle! Brazilian Teal Amazonetta brasiliensis brasiliensis (4) 2 en route 29.9, 6 en route 30.9, 4 en route 2.10 and 10 en route 5.10. The most widespread duck and regular in wetlands. White-cheeked Pintail Anas bahamensis rubrirostris (1) 8 en route 5.10. A good find in a roadside pond as this species is uncommon along the route. Southern Pochard Netta erythrophthalma erythrophthalma (1) 10 en route 30.9. We saw several well in a very productive wetland on the way to Arajara Park.

Chachalacas, Curassows & Guans Cracidae East Brazilian Chachalaca Ortalis araucuan (4) 1+2 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 Boa Nova 12.10. Fantastic scope views for all in the Chapada Diamantina area after only hearing them or seeing them in flight. Rusty-margined Guan Penelope superciliaris jacupemba (2) 2 observed 6.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Great views of two crossing the road in the late afternoon in the Chapada Diamantina area and another glimpsed in the Veracel Reserve. White-browed Guan (VU) Penelope jacucaca (3) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 5 Quixada 28.9 and 6 Quixada 29.9. Glimpsed in the Guaramiranga area and then saturation views at Hotel Pedra dos Ventos where the birds came to the lake.

New World Quail Odontophoridae Spot-winged Wood Quail Odontophorus capueira (1) 1 heard Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. We head them closely at Parque das Trilhas in the Guaramiranga area, but they remained out of sight.

Grebes Podicipedidae Least Grebe Tachybaptus dominicus brachyrhynchus (3) 5 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 en route 30.9 and 10 en route 5.10. Seen in various roadside wetlands.

Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps antarcticus (4) 1 en route 28.9, 1 observed 29.9, 2 en route 30.9 and 1 en route 5.10. Scattered birds in small wetlands as we crossed the otherwise parched caatinga.

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Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns Ardeidae Rufescent Tiger Heron Tigrisoma lineatum marmoratum (2) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9 and 1 en route 2.10. A surprise roadside bird that showed very well. Pinnated Bittern Botaurus pinnatus pinnatus (1) 1 en route 2.10. The habitat near our Quilombo Park Hotel in the Murici area didn’t look promising, but our patience and scanning paid of with scope views of one standing in the marsh and wonderful flight views. Black-crowned Night Nycticorax nycticorax hoactli Heron (2) 1 en route 2.10 and 1 Crasto Forest 5.10. Scattered birds in various wetlands. Yellow-crowned Night Nyctanassa violacea cayennensis Heron (1) 1 Crasto Forest 5.10. One bird seen in the open area near Crasto Forest, normally not recorded on this tour. Striated Heron Butorides striata striata (6) 2 Quixada 28.9, 1 en route 29.9, 1 en route 30.9, 2 en route 2.10, 1 en route 4.10 and 2 Crasto Forest 5.10. Common along coastal wetlands and mangroves. Western Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis Observed 10 day(s) in total. Abundant in pastures. Cocoi Heron Ardea cocoi (1) 1 en route 29.9. One noted in a roadside wetland, another uncommon bird along this route. Great Egret Ardea alba egretta (10) 1 Crasto Forest 5.10, 2 en route 12.10, 1 en route 14.10 and 2 en route 17.10. Widespread and common. Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea (3) 1 Crasto Forest 5.10 and 3 en route 17.10. Very common in the Porto Seguro area. Snowy Egret Egretta thula thula (6) 5 Crasto Forest 5.10 and 2 en route 17.10. Common in roadside wetlands and Porto Seguro.

Frigatebirds Fregatidae Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens (1) 1 en route 4.10. Only seen by some briefly as we were leaving the hotel in Tamandara at sunrise.

Cormorants and Shags Phalacrocoracidae Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus brasilianus (3) 1 en route 29.9, 2 en route 30.9 and 4 Crasto Forest 5.10. A few noted in roadside wetlands.

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New World Vultures Cathartidae Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura ruficollis Observed 21 day(s) in total. Abundant. Lesser Yellow-headed Cathartes burrovianus urubutinga Vulture (9) 2 en route 29.9, 2 observed 30.9 and 1 en route 1.10. Fairly common with many close views. Black Vulture Coragyps atratus Observed 22 day(s) in total. Extremely abundant.

Osprey Pandionidae Western Osprey Pandion haliaetus carolinensis (1) 1 Crasto Forest 5.10. Seen only distantly as we staked out the mangroves near Crasto Forest.

Kites, Hawks & Eagles Accipitridae White-tailed Kite Elanus leucurus leucurus (2) 1 en route 1.10 and 1 en route 3.10. Some noted in open habitats along the route. White-collared Kite (CR) Leptodon forbesi (1) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. A brief flyover in the Frei Caneca Reserve allowed for some people to glimpse this critically endangered raptor. Hook-billed Kite Chondrohierax uncinatus uncinatus (1) 2 en route 16.10. A had two soar high above us for great views as we came down from the Serra Bonita Reserve. Black Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus tyrannus tyrannus (1) 1 en route 16.10. Great views of one soaring across the road as we made another roadside stop during our search for the gravitero. Black-and-white Hawk- Spizaetus melanoleucus Eagle (1) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10. The bird surprised us as it glided into view moments after a Mantled Hawk had come through seen from the wonderful viewpoint at the lodge in Serra Bonita. Rufous-thighed Hawk Accipiter erythronemius (1) 1 Canudos 1.10. Distant scope views of an adult in the dry habitat of the Lear’s Macaw Reserve. Plumbeous Kite Ictinia plumbea (1) 1 en route 16.10. Distant scope views of a perched bird along the route as we drove down from the Serra Bonita Reserve. Snail Kite Rostrhamus sociabilis sociabilis (3) 5 en route 29.9, 4 en route 30.9 and 1 en route 3.10. Common in roadside wetlands in the northern portion of the route in the caatinga.

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Crane Hawk Geranospiza caerulescens gracilis (4) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Crasto Forest 4.10, 1 Crasto Forest 5.10 and 1 Caetite 8.10. Common and widespread with many great views. Rufous Crab Hawk (NT) Buteogallus aequinoctialis (1) 1 Crasto Forest 5.10. Our patient wait was rewarded as two rose from the mangroves and provided distant flight views. Savanna Hawk Buteogallus meridionalis (2) 1 en route 9.10 and 1 en route 16.10. One seen on a nest in open fields along the way and another seen briefly near the Serra Bonita Reserve. Roadside Hawk Rupornis magnirostris nattereri (14) 1 Quixada 28.9, 1 Quixada 29.9, 1 observed 30.9, 1 Canudos 1.10, 1 en route 2.10, 1 en route 3.10, 1 Crasto Forest 4.10, 1 Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. The most common raptor of the tour. White-tailed Hawk Geranoaetus albicaudatus albicaudatus (3) 1 en route 8.10. Seen well in the Blue-eyed Ground Dove Reserve. Black-chested Buzzard- Geranoaetus melanoleucus melanoleucus Eagle (3) 2 Quixada 28.9, 1 en route 5.10 and 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10. Excellent views of adults while driving towards Quixada and then again during our hike in the Chapada Diamantina, an impressive raptor. Mantled Hawk (NT) Pseudastur polionotus (2) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10 and 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10. After catching a glimpse of a stooping bird in Frei Caneca, we had great views of a pair soaring below eye level from the viewpoint at Serra Bonita. Grey-lined Hawk Buteo nitidus pallidus (1) 1 en route 3.10. Seen briefly by some as we descended from Frei Caneca. Short-tailed Hawk Buteo brachyurus brachyurus (2) 2 Boa Nova 12.10. Excellent views during roadside stops, we saw both light and dark morphs. Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus (7) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 Murici 2.10, 1 Crasto Forest 5.10, 2 en route 14.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10, 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Common and widespread.

Seriemas Cariamidae Red-legged Seriema Cariama cristata (6) 1 heard Quixada 29.9, 1 en route 5.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 2 en route 12.10. We heard distant birds calling regularly in the caatinga and cerrado and saw one very well in the Chapada Diamantina area and later noted another pair.

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Rails, Crakes & Coots Rallidae Mangrove Rail Rallus longirostris crassirostris (2) 3 heard Crasto Forest 4.10., 2 Porto Seguro 18.10. The views were amazing as the bird ran out from the mangroves to wander about right at our feet, a fitting final bird for the list, especially after only hearing it in Crasto Forest. Little Wood Rail Aramides mangle (2) 1 en route 17.10. Porto Seguro, 2 Porto Seguro 18.10. This scarce endemic offered great views in the Porto Seguro mangroves during the afternoon and the following morning. Grey-necked Wood Rail Aramides cajaneus cajaneus (4) 1 Quixada 28.9, 1 heard observed 29.9 and 1 observed 30.9. Several seen and heard in the caatinga areas of Quixada and Potengi. Ash-throated Crake Porzana albicollis albicollis (2) 1 Tamandaré 4.10 and 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10. One seen by some near Tamandare and another heard at the Giant Snipe spot in Boa Nova. Blackish Rail Pardirallus nigricans nigricans (2) 1 heard en route 2.10 and 2 Boa Nova 12.10. At the start of the road into the wet forest at Boa Nova two came running out of the marsh to freeze right next to the speaker, amazing views. Purple Gallinule Porphyrio martinica (5) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 en route 30.9, 1 en route 2.10, 1 Tamandaré 4.10 and 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. Scattered sightings in caatinga wetlands. Common Gallinule Gallinula galeata galeata (6) Up to 10 en route 28-30.9, 2 en route 3.10, 1 en route 5.10 and 1 en route 16.10. Fairly common in roadside wetlands.

Limpkin Aramidae Limpkin Aramus guarauna guarauna (2) 3 en route 29.9 and 1 en route 2.10. Seen well in the caatinga wetlands.

Stilts and Avocets Recurvirostridae Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus mexicanus (3) 2 Quixada 28.9, 10 en route 29.9 and 4 en route 30.9. Common in the northern portion where some wetlands held large numbers of these elegant shorebirds.

Plovers and Lapwings Charadriidae Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis lampronotus (11) 1 en route 16.10. Abundant throughout. Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus (2) 2 Crasto Forest 5.10., 10 Porto Seguro 18.10. Seen in the mangroves near Crasto Forest and again on the beach in Porto Seguro.

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Jacanas Jacanidae Wattled Jacana Jacana jacana jacana (8) Up to 5 en route 28-30.9, 2 en route 2.10, 2 en route 3.10, 1 Tamandaré 4.10, 1 Crasto Forest 5.10 and 1 en route 14.10. Common and widespread in roadside wetlands.

Sandpipers and Allies Scolopacidae Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus hudsonicus (1) 1 Crasto Forest 5.10. A single bird noted in the mangroves near Crasto Forest. Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres morinella Observed 1 day(s) in total. 18.10. Porto Seguro Seen among Rock Doves in Porto Seguro! Giant Snipe Gallinago undulata gigantea (1) 1 Boa Nova 12.10. One of the top birds and experiences of the tour with a bird feeding in full view after sunset in the Boa Nova marsh. Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius (1) 6 Crasto Forest 5.10. Several on the edge of the mangroves near Crasto Forest.

Gulls, Terns & Skimmers Laridae Cabot's Tern Thalasseus acuflavidus eurygnathus (1) 2 Crasto Forest 5.10. Seen distantly along the edge of the mangroves near Crasto Forest.

Pigeons and Doves Columbidae Rock Dove Columba livia var. domestica Observed 10 day(s) in total. Common in towns and cities. Scaled Pigeon Patagioenas speciosa (3) 4 Crasto Forest 4.10, 3 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. We enjoyed the best views of this colorful pigeon in the Veracel Reserve where we had scope views. Picazuro Pigeon Patagioenas picazuro marginalis (8) 1 en route 29.9, 2 observed 30.9, 3 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 2 Caetite 8.10, 2 en route 11.10 and 2 en route 12.10. Abundant in open, drier habitats. Pale-vented Pigeon Patagioenas cayennensis sylvestris (3) 1 Crasto Forest 5.10. Only seen briefly in flight in Crasto Forest. Plumbeous Pigeon Patagioenas plumbea baeri (3) Up to 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 14-16.10. A responsive bird flew right overhead and perched in the Serra Bonita Reserve. Scaled Dove Columbina squammata squammata (7) 8 Quixada 28.9, 10 Quixada 29.9, 4 observed 30.9, 3 Tamandaré 4.10, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10 and 1 en route 11.10. Common in the drier, northern portion of the route.

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Plain-breasted Ground Columbina minuta minuta Dove (2) 12 Quixada 28.9 and 2 Quixada 29.9. Common in the caatinga around Hotel Pedros dos Ventos. Ruddy Ground Dove Columbina talpacoti talpacoti (16) 10 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 10 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 Quixada 29.9, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Widespread and common. Picui Ground Dove Columbina picui strepitans (12) 2 Quixada 28.9, 2 observed 29.9, 2 observed 30.9, up to 4 en route 1-3.10, 2 en route 5.10, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 2 Caetite 8.10 and 2 en route 13.10. Most common in cerrado habitats. Blue-eyed Ground Dove Columbina cyanopis (CR) Observed 2 day(s) in total. 10.10. Botumirim One of the top birds of the tour and we enjoyed stellar scope views of this recently rediscovered species in the reserve set aside for the small extant populations. The area was absolutely beautiful and hearing the soft cooing of this stunning bird will be one of everyone’s best birding moments. White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi approximans (3) 1 Quixada 28.9, 4 Quixada 29.9 and 1 observed 30.9. Best seen in the caatinga near Hotel Pedras dos Ventos. Grey-fronted Dove Leptotila rufaxilla bahiae (3) 1 heard Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10. Good views of birds walking in the trail at Serra Bonita. Eared Dove Zenaida auriculata noronha (4) 30 Quixada 28.9 and 2 observed 30.9. Common in the caatinga and dry habitats of the north.

Cuckoos Cuculidae Guira Cuckoo Guira guira (11) Up to 2 en route 29-3.10, 2 Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 7 en route 8.10, 2 en route 9.10, 1 en route 13.10 and 1 en route 16.10. Widespread, vocal, and common. Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani (13) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9. Abundant and widespread in open habitats. Striped Cuckoo Tapera naevia (4) 1 heard observed 29.9, 1 heard en route 2.10, 1 heard en route 3.10 and 1 heard Tamandaré 4.10. This secretive cuckoo was heard only in open habitats. Squirrel Cuckoo Piaya cayana pallescens (14) 1 heard Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 Murici 2.10, 1 heard Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Tamandaré 4.10, 1 observed 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Caetite 8.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10, 1 en route 16.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. This large cuckoo was widespread with many sightings.

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Owls Strigidae Tropical Screech Owl Megascops choliba cruciger (1) 1 en route 30.9. Great views of a roosting bird in its tree cavity near the Lear’s Macaw Reserve. Black-capped Screech Owl Megascops atricapilla (2) 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Wow, we carefully tracked a calling bird and then ended with eye level views a few metres away in Veracel Reserve. Tawny-browed Owl Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana (2) 1 heard Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 2 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Despite a lot of effort this owl remained heard only during our two nights owling in Veracel Reserve. East Brazilian Pygmy Owl Glaucidium minutissimum (5) 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10 and up to 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14-16.10. We first saw a bird in the Boa Nova area and then they proved to be common in Serra Bonita with great views for everyone. Ferruginous Pygmy Owl Glaucidium brasilianum brasilianum (4) 2 Quixada 28.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 29.9, 1 observed 6.10 and 2 Caetite 8.10. The best and closest views were neat Hotel Pedra dos Ventos and and then flew back and forth near Caetite. Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia grallaria (4) 1 en route 30.9, 1 Canudos 1.10, 3 en route 2.10 and 2 en route 3.10. Noted here and there in the northern portion of the tour.

Potoos Nyctibiidae Common Potoo Nyctibius griseus griseus (2) 1 Botumirim 9.10., 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10. Amazing close views of a responsive bird after dark near the Blue-eyed Ground Dove Reserve and another heard and seen briefly in Veracal reserve. Long-tailed Potoo Nyctibius aethereus (1) 1 Serra Bonita 15.10. Incredible views of this rare bird as it flew to an open trunk right next to the lodge at Serra Bonita and then perched for hours on end for great scope views, photos, and recordings. An unexpected addition on this tour.

Nightjars and Allies Caprimulgidae Least Nighthawk Chordeiles pusillus pusillus (3) 1 observed 29.9, 8 observed 30.9 and 4 en route 30.9. We enjoyed an unrivaled spectacle as almost a dozen coursed above the caatinga at Potengi at sunrise, allowing for detailed studies of this species. Short-tailed Nighthawk Lurocalis semitorquatus semitorquatus (3) 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 2 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10. Two came within touching distance at sunset as we waited for the Giant Snipe in the Boa Nova area.

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Pygmy Nightjar Nyctipolus hirundinaceus cearae (3) 3 Quixada 28.9, 2 Quixada 29.9 and 1 observed 30.9. It took a few minutes of scanning, but then we spotted a family group of three on the cactus studded rocks right next to the restaurant at Hotel Pedra dos Ventos, a really cool nightjar with amazing camouflage. Also seen on the road predawn at Potengi. Pauraque Nyctidromus albicollis albicollis (7) 1 heard en route 2.10, 2 en route 3.10, 4 heard Caetite 8.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 2 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Common and widespread with several birds hunting in the lamp light in the Veracel Reserve. Little Nightjar Setopagis parvula (1) 1 heard Caetite 8.10. Heard only after sunset at Caetite, but didn’t come closer. Band-winged Nightjar Systellura longirostris pedrolimai Observed 1 day(s) in total. 10.9. Botumirim Great views on a calling bird flying in close at the Blue-eyed Ground Dove Reserve, where we saw four species of nightjars from one spot! Spot-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis maculicaudus Observed 1 day(s) in total. 10.9. Botumirim Great views of a calling bird flying in close at the Blue-eyed Ground Dove Reserve. Scissor-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis torquata torquata (2) 1 heard Canudos 1.10., 1 Botumirim 10.9. Close views of a female sitting on the ground near us at the Blue-eyed Ground Dove Reserve, all from the magical nightjar spot. Ocellated Poorwill Nyctiphrynus ocellatus ocellatus (2) 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 16.10. Heard only at a distance in Boa Nova and a bird calling closely at Veracel Reserve remained hidden in a thicket.

Swifts Apodidae Biscutate Swift Streptoprocne biscutata seridoensis (5) 10 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 50 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 10 heard Caetite 8.10. Great views of these massive swifts as they swooped down low in various locations. Grey-rumped Swift Chaetura cinereiventris cinereiventris (3) 2 en route 14.10, 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. We had excellent views of these small swift in the Veracel Reserve. Sick's Swift Chaetura meridionalis (2) 10 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9. A small flock showed well in the Guaramiranga area with the short tails being quite obvious. Neotropical Palm Swift Tachornis squamata squamata (4) 2 en route 29.9, 5 en route 30.9, 3 en route 3.10 and 1 en route 6.10. Seen regularly in open habitats with palms, most often during transfers. Lesser Swallow-tailed Panyptila cayennensis Swift (1) 1 Crasto Forest 4.10. A quick view of one flying straight away from us during the late afternoon in the Crasto Forest.

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Hummingbirds Trochilidae Hook-billed Hermit (EN) dohrnii (2) 1 Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. This has to be the fastest hermit there is, as a bird whipped back and forth around us, only hovering briefly for some views of its field marks, for some it even perched momentarily. A very rare endemic. Rufous-breasted Hermit Glaucis hirsutus hirsutus (5) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. The most widespread and common hermit. Broad-tipped Hermit Anopetia gounellei (2) 1 Canudos 1.10 and 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. This rarity finally showed well in the Chapada Diamantina area where it even perched for photo opportunities. Scale-throated Hermit eurynome eurynome (4) 2 Boa Nova 12.10 and up to 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 14-16.10. This bird proved to be pretty common in the wet forest of Boa Nova where one perched beautifully in full sunlight on a thin twig. Planalto Hermit Phaethornis pretrei (10) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 Arajara Park 30.9, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Caetite 8.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Common and bold in drier forest with many great views of this large hermit. Reddish Hermit Phaethornis ruber ruber (3) 1 Murici 2.10, 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10 and 1 Boa Nova 12.10. This one also zipped back and forth, but came a few times to the feeders at Frei Caneca for great views of ths minute hermit. Sombre Hummingbird Aphantochroa cirrochloris (4) 4 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10. This large and noisy hummingbird was widespread with the best views at the feeders at Frei Caneca. Swallow-tailed Eupetomena macroura simoni Hummingbird (15) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 observed 29.9, 1 observed 30.9, 1 en route 1.10, 1 en route 2.10, 5 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Tamandaré 4.10, 1 observed 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 5 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 en route 16.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. One of the more widespread species of hummingbird, but we didn’t mind as this large species is absolutely stunning. Black Jacobin Florisuga fusca (6) 10 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and up to 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14- 16.10. Common at the feeders at Frei Caneca. White-vented Violetear Colibri serrirostris (3) 3 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10 and 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. Good views in the cerrado of the Chapada Diamantina, including calling birds sitting in the open.

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Black-throated Mango Anthracothorax nigricollis (4) 4 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Tamandaré 4.10, 1 Crasto Forest 5.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Several visited the feeders at Frei Caneca and seen afterward in various habitats. Ruby-topaz Hummingbird Chrysolampis mosquitus (5) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 6 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10 and 6 Boa Nova 12.10. What a thrill to see this species on the cactus studded hills in the Boa Nova area, the males glowed in the late afternoon sun as they took advantage of the flowering succulents. This has to be one of the most stunning hummingbirds anywhere. Frilled Coquette Lophornis magnificus (1) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. A female visited the feeders at Frei Caneca briefly, revealing its identity after close examination of some photos. Racket-tailed Coquette Discosura longicaudus (1) 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10. One species we had really hoped for and the stake-out at the Veracel Reserve was perfect as it took less than one minute to spot this little jewel, which then provided extended scope views. Blue-chinned Sapphire Chlorestes notata notata (3) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10 and 1 Boa Nova 12.10. Fairly common and widespread in the north. Glittering-bellied Emerald Chlorostilbon lucidus pucherani (11) 1 en route 27.9, 1 Quixada 28.9, 1 observed 29.9, 2 observed 30.9, 1 Canudos 1.10, 1 observed 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Caetite 8.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 Boa Nova 13.10. Widespread and numerous. Fork-tailed Woodnymph Thalurania furcata furcata (2) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9 and 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. The woodnymph species of the far northeastern portion of the tour with many good views in the Serra de Baturite. Long-tailed Woodnymph Thalurania watertonii (NT) (2) 1 Murici 2.10 and 8 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. The best views of this endemic were at the feeders at Frei Caneca where we had close studies of the stunning males. Violet-capped Thalurania glaucopis Woodnymph (9) 1 observed 6.10, 1 Caetite 8.10, 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10, 2 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Common in the southern part of the tour. Rufous-throated Sapphire Hylocharis sapphirina (2) 4 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Several birds visited the flowering bushes in the Veracel Reserve, offering lengthy studies. White-chinned Sapphire Hylocharis cyanus cyanus (3) 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 2 Boa Nova 12.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Good views of singing birds and one even visited the feeders at Frei Caneca.

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Plain-bellied Emerald Amazilia leucogaster leucogaster (1) 1 Tamandaré 4.10. We searched the quiet streets of Tamandare during the early morning and eventually found one perched on a telephone wire for great views. bahiae: Observed 1 day(s) in total. This subspecies dropped in right above our heads on the edge of the Porto Seguro mangroves as we waited for rails. Versicolored Emerald Amazilia versicolor nitidifrons (6) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 Murici 2.10, 3 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 Boa Nova 13.10. Fairly common and widespread. Glittering-throated Amazilia fimbriata nigricauda Emerald (8) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 Caetite 8.10. Another common emerald species that showed well many times. Sapphire-spangled Amazilia lactea lactea Emerald (1) 4 Boa Nova 12.10. This was a welcome addition and showed best in the cactus garden in the Boa Nova area. Hyacinth Visorbearer Augastes scutatus soaresi (NT) Observed 1 day(s) in total. The hike up the hill to Campina do Bananal was absolutely worth it when this beautiful hummingbird showed. Hooded Visorbearer (NT) Augastes lumachella (1) 3 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10. We had several encounters with this one-of-a-kind hummingbird during our hike in the Chapada Diamantina and then again at the classic spot of the Pai Inacio, where was studied an individual at length. Black-eared Fairy Heliothryx auritus auriculatus (1) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. Only brief glimpses for a few of us as a bird passed through quickly. Horned Sungem Heliactin bilophus (2) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10., 2 9.10. Botumirim We had fantastic views of a male in the cerrado at Chapada Diamantina and then saw two more at the Blue-eyed Ground Dove Reserve, a scarce and stunning species. Stripe-breasted Starthroat Heliomaster squamosus (1) 3 Boa Nova 12.10. This nomadic species can be difficult to track down, but we had several including a full adult male at close distance coming to blooming cacti in the Boa Nova area. Amethyst Woodstar Calliphlox amethystina (1) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Great views of a perched male in an open area during the hike along the trail in the Serra Bonita Reserve.

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Trogons Trogonidae Green-backed Trogon Trogon viridis (2) 1 heard Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. This species was vocal and easily seen in the Veracel Reserve. Surucua Trogon Trogon surrucura aurantius (4) 2 observed 6.10 and up to 3 Serra Bonita Reserve 14-16.10. Good views of the orange bellied race in several locations and it was especially common in the Serra Bonita Reserve. Black-throated Trogon Trogon rufus amazonicus (5) 1 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10, 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10, 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Seen by some in Boa Nova and then again in the Veracel Reserve.

Kingfishers Alcedinidae Green Kingfisher Chloroceryle americana americana (2) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9 and 1 Crasto Forest 5.10. Best seen in the Serra de Baturite at a small pond during our first, late afternoon there and again in the mangroves near Crasto Forest. Amazon Kingfisher Chloroceryle amazona (4) 1 en route 30.9, 1 en route 4.10, 1 Crasto Forest 5.10 and 1 en route 16.10. Some seen in wetlands along the way and in the mangroves near the Crasto Forest. Ringed Kingfisher Megaceryle torquata torquata (4) 1 Quixada 28.9, 1 Crasto Forest 4.10 and 1 Crasto Forest 5.10. Seen in flight near Quixada and also in the Crasto mangroves.

Motmots Momotidae Rufous-capped Motmot Baryphthengus ruficapillus (1) 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10. A bonus bird on this tour, but we found a vocal individual along the trail at Veracel and it offered great scope views.

Jacamars Galbulidae Rufous-tailed Jacamar Galbula ruficauda rufoviridis (8) 3 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 Arajara Park 30.9, 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 2 heard Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 2 Boa Nova 12.10. Widespread and common especially in the northern portion of the tour where seen almost daily.

Puffbirds Bucconidae White-eared Puffbird chacuru chacuru (1) 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10. Distant scope views of a pair during our hike in the Chapada Diamantina. Caatinga Puffbird Nystalus maculatus (4) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 heard Quixada 29.9, 1 heard Canudos 1.10, 1 en route 1.10 and 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. Fairly common and widespread, a striking puffbird.

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Crescent-chested Puffbird Malacoptila striata minor (NT) (3) 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10. The stunning puffbird showed well at the Boa Nova wet forest for lengthy scope views and then was present again at Serra Bonita. Swallow-winged Puffbird Chelidoptera tenebrosa brasiliensis (2) 4 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Common in the lowlands from Serra Bonita to Porto Seguro.

Toucans Ramphastidae Black-necked Aracari Pteroglossus aracari aracari (5) 4 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10, 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10. Good views on several occasions in the lowlands, wet forests in the southern portion of the tour. Gould's Toucanet Selenidera gouldii (1) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9. We tracked down a calling bird during the first afternoon in the Serra Baturite and this scarce and shy bird offered fantastic views. Spot-billed Toucanet Selenidera maculirostris (3) 1 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 4 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Seen well at Boa Nova and then it proved common at Serra Bonita. Channel-billed Toucan Ramphastos vitellinus ariel (VU) (3) 2 heard Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Heard in a few locations and finally seen well in the Veracel Reserve, this subspecies has a red breast. Toco Toucan Ramphastos toco toco Observed 1 day(s) in total. Seen in flight with the late afternoon sun illuminating its improbable bill at the Mata do Lobo area near Botumirim.

Woodpeckers Picidae Golden-spangled Piculet Picumnus exilis pernambucensis (3) 2 Murici 2.10, 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10 and 1 Tamandaré 4.10. We saw the northeastern subspecies well in Alagoas. exilis: (1) 1 Crasto Forest 5.10. Brief views. Spotted Piculet Picumnus pygmaeus (4) 1 Canudos 1.10, 1 Caetite 8.10, 2 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Great views of this striking piculet in several locations. White-wedged Piculet Picumnus albosquamatus albosquamatus Observed 2 day(s) in total. 2 Botumirim 11.10. A pair was seen well the last morning in the Botumirim area.

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Ochraceous Piculet Picumnus limae (3) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 heard Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9 and 2 Quixada 29.9. Great views in several caatinga locations, especially at Hotel Pedra dos Ventos. Tawny Piculet (NT) Picumnus fulvescens (1) 1 Arajara Park 30.9. This difficult endemic piculet showed well at Arajara Water Park after we had found the manakin. White Woodpecker Melanerpes candidus (2) 1 en route 27.9., 1 10.10. Botumirim The best views were enjoyed at the Blue-eyed Ground Dove Reserve where a vocal bird flew in and landed right next to us. Yellow-fronted Melanerpes flavifrons Woodpecker (1) 3 en route 16.10. This species is rarely recorded on this tour, but we found a family group in the lowlands near Serra Bonita. Little Woodpecker Veniliornis passerinus passerinus (5) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 heard observed 29.9, 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 Caetite 8.10. Widespread and fairly common in the northern portion of the tour. Red-stained Woodpecker Veniliornis affinis ruficeps (3) 2 Murici 2.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10. The best views were had a Murici Reserve. Yellow-throated Piculus flavigula erythropis Woodpecker (2) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10. Excellent views in a feeding flock along the trail at Serra Bonita and again seen at Veracel Reserve. Golden-green Woodpecker Piculus chrysochloros polyzonus (1) 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. The very rare Atlantic subspecies was seen well along one of the trails. chrysochloros: (2) 1 heard Quixada 28.9 and 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. Seen well in the dry forest of Chapada Diamantina. Green-barred Woodpecker Colaptes melanochloros nattereri (2) 1 Quixada 28.9 and 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. Good views in the caatinga area of Quixada. Campo Flicker Colaptes campestris campestris (3) 1 Crasto Forest 5.10 and 2 en route 11.10. Good views near the Crasto Forest perched on a palm trunk and seen again during a transfer. Ochre-backed Celeus ochraceus Woodpecker (2) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9 and 2 Quixada 29.9. Excellent views during our first afternoon in the Serra de Baturite and then a pair showed very well near the Hotel Pedra dos Ventos.

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Blond-crested Woodpecker Celeus flavescens (2) 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10. and 17.10. This was a surprise addition at Veracel Reserve as this species is usually not seen on this tour. Ringed Woodpecker (NT) Celeus torquatus tinnunculus (1) 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. The Atlantic subspecies of Ringed Woodpecker is very rare and we enjoyed great views of literally an 11th hour bird as it called along the trail just before we were about to turn around. The bird shot in and glowed in the late afternoon light. Lineated Woodpecker Dryocopus lineatus lineatus (1) 1 Boa Nova 12.10. A bird scoped at the end of the morning as the Boa Nova wet forest opened up near the start of the road. Robust Woodpecker Campephilus robustus (1) 2 Boa Nova 13.10. A tour first and we enjoyed scope views of a pair that eventually came in as we birded the forest patch atop Serra do Arrepio. Crimson-crested Campephilus melanoleucos cearae Woodpecker (1) 2 en route 30.9. A great find as a pair showed well just before we reached the Lear’s Macaw Reserve.

Falcons and Caracaras Falconidae Southern Crested Caracara plancus Caracara Observed 19 day(s) in total. Abundant throughout. Yellow-headed Caracara Milvago chimachima chimachima (9) 1 en route 2.10, 1 Crasto Forest 5.10, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10 and 2 Caetite 8.10. Also very common and widespread. Laughing Falcon Herpetotheres cachinnans cachinnans (3) 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 heard Caetite 8.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 16.10. This bird remained heard only as it always called very distantly. Barred Forest Falcon Micrastur ruficollis ruficollis (1) 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Heard only predawn at Serra Bonita Reserve. American Kestrel Falco sparverius cinnamominus (6) 1 en route 2.10, 2 Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 Caetite 8.10. A few seen occasionally along the route. Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis femoralis (1) 1 Quixada 28.9. We had distant scope views of a bird perched in the caatinga near Hotel Pedra dos Ventos. Bat Falcon Falco rufigularis rufigularis (1) 1 Canudos 1.10. Great views of a bird perched on the red sandstone cliffs of the Lear’s Macaw Reserve.

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African & New World Parrots Brown-backed Parrotlet Touit melanonotus (EN) (2) 2 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 2 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. This scarce and fast flying parrotlet remained heard only. Golden-tailed Parrotlet Touit surdus (VU) (4) 2 heard Murici 2.10, 2 heard Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 4 Crasto Forest 4.10 and 10 Veracel Reserve 17.10. After distant views of flying birds in the Crasto Forest we then had close and fantastic views of a small flock wheeling above us at Veracel Reserve. Plain Parakeet Brotogeris tirica (3) 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 2 en route 14.10 and 2 en route 16.10. Good views in open habitats in several locations. Yellow-chevroned Brotogeris chiriri chiriri Parakeet (4) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9 and 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. Most common in the caatinga in the north. Scaly-headed Parrot Pionus maximiliani maximiliani (2) 2 Caetite 8.10. Good views of flying birds near Caetite. Blue-headed Parrot Pionus menstruus reichenowi (1) 4 Veracel Reserve 17.10. The Reichennow’s subspecies of the east is quite distinct and we has excellent scope studies of perched birds at the Veracel Reserve. Red-browed Amazon (EN) Amazona rhodocorytha (1) 2 Veracel Reserve 16.10. Great views of a flying pair and a perched bird during the first late afternoon in the Veracel Reserve. Orange-winged Amazon Amazona amazonica (2) 10 Crasto Forest 4.10 and 2 Crasto Forest 5.10. The species was fairly common in the Crasto Forest. Blue-winged Parrotlet Forpus xanthopterygius flavissimus (7) 2 heard Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 2 Quixada 28.9, 2 Quixada 29.9, 1 observed 30.9, 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 2 Boa Nova 12.10 and 2 Boa Nova 13.10. Fairly common and widespread. Ochre-marked Parakeet Pyrrhura cruentata (VU) (1) 15 Veracel Reserve 17.10. We had excellent views of these endemic and rare parakeets the early morning in the Veracel where a small group flew in to perch near the headquarters. Maroon-bellied Parakeet Pyrrhura frontalis frontalis (4) 5 Boa Nova 13.10 and up to 10 Serra Bonita Reserve 14-16.10. This species was most common at Serra Bonita where they regularly visited the feeders.

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Grey-breasted Parakeet Pyrrhura griseipectus (CR) (1) 15 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9. This very scarce species was seen very close and well during the first afternoon in the Serra Baturite, what a great endemic to start the tour with. White-eared Parakeet Pyrrhura leucotis (NT) (1) 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10. We had great luck with this rare parakeet as at least two afforded great scope views on our drive up to Serra Bonita. Lear's Macaw (EN) Anodorhynchus leari (1) 120 Canudos 1.10. One of the top birding experiences of the entire tour as we watched more than a hundred of these large and deep blue macaws fly from their roosting and nesting cliffs near Canudos at dawn. Peach-fronted Parakeet aurea (7) 2 Crasto Forest 4.10, 2 Crasto Forest 5.10, 4 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 4 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Widespread and fairly common. Caatinga Parakeet Eupsittula cactorum caixana (4) 2 en route 27.9, 18 Quixada 28.9, 5 Quixada 29.9 and 2 Canudos 1.10. This species was truly common in the caatinga and found in the northern and central portion of the tour. We had some of the best views of a small flock feeding just off the balcony at Hotel Pedra dos Ventos. cactorum: (6) 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 4 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 4 Caetite 8.10, 6 Boa Nova 12.10 and 4 en route 13.10. Jandaya Parakeet Aratinga jandaya (2) 6 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10 and 1 Crasto Forest 5.10. We found a small flock of these colorful parakeets perched during our drive up to the Frei Caneca Reserve and everyone enjoyed good views. Golden-capped Parakeet Aratinga auricapillus auricapillus (NT) (3) 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10, 10 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 20 Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10. Incredibly, a small flock landed literally right in front of us at lunch as we transferred into the 4WD vehicles for the drive up to Serra Bonita and seen again in the Serra Bonita lowlands. Blue-winged Macaw (NT) Primolius maracana (3) 8 en route 30.9, 2 Caetite 8.10 and 2 Boa Nova 13.10. Excellent scope views of perched birds at a stake-out near Canudos in the late afternoon. Red-shouldered Macaw Diopsittaca nobilis cumanensis (4) 20 Murici 2.10, 30 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 20 Crasto Forest 4.10 and 2 en route 5.10. Flocks seen well in flight and perched birds during the drive up to Murici Reserve. Blue-crowned Parakeet Thectocercus acuticaudatus haemorrhous (1) 25 Canudos 1.10. This unique northeastern subspecies was seen well perched in bushes along the edge of the cliffs at the Lear’s Macaw Reserve.

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White-eyed Parakeet Psittacara leucophthalmus leucophthalmus (3) 5 Botumirim 10.10., 2 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10. Seen well in flight near Botumirim.

Ovenbirds and Woodcreepers Furnariidae Rufous-breasted Sclerurus scansor cearensis Leaftosser (1) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. We found a very cooperative pair of these leaftossers along the trail in the Serra de Baturite and they offered great views perched in the open. This isolated subspecies will likely be split as Ceara Leafosser. Olivaceous Woodcreeper Sittasomus griseicapillus reiseri (5) 1 Arajara Park 30.9, 1 heard Murici 2.10, 1 heard observed 6.10, 1 Caetite 8.10 and 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10. Common and widespread. olivaceus: (1) 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Plain-winged Woodcreeper Dendrocincla turdina taunayi (2) 1 Murici 2.10 and 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. This subspecies in Alagoas is quite distinct and appears to be in between Plain-brown and Plain-winged Woodcreeper. turdina: (4) 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10, 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Heard often and seen a few times. Wedge-billed Glyphorynchus spirurus cuneatus Woodcreeper (2) 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Excellent views at the Veracal Reserve. Planalto Woodcreeper Dendrocolaptes platyrostris intermedius (3) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 2 Boa Nova 13.10. . platyrostris: (1) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10. We had great views several times of this large woodcreeper. White-throated Xiphocolaptes albicollis bahiae Woodcreeper (3) 1 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Excellent views in Boa Nova and Serra Bonita. Lesser Woodcreeper fuscus pintoi: (2) 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. tenuirostris: (1) 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. A common and widespread species.

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Ceara Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus atlanticus (2) 1 Serra de Baturite 27.09. Seen well in the Guaramiranga area, a recent split from Lesser Woodcreeper. Buff-throated Xiphorhynchus guttatus Woodcreeper eytoni (3) 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10, 2 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. This species was common at Veracel Reserve. gracilirostris: (1) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. This distinctive subspecies with a white throat was seen briefly in the Serra de Baturite. Straight-billed Dendroplex picus picus Woodcreeper (2) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9 and 1 Crasto Forest 5.10. Great, close views as we started walking along the trail in the Serra de Baturite. Red-billed Scythebill Campylorhamphus trochilirostris trochilirostris (1) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. This bird flew back and forth across the trail and we all managed good views along the trail in the dense forest of the Serra do Baturite. Black-billed Scythebill Campylorhamphus falcularius (2) 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 Boa Nova 13.10. Two great encounters in the wet forest at Boa Nova of this impressive woodcreeper. Narrow-billed Lepidocolaptes angustirostris coronatus Woodcreeper (2) 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10., 1 Botumirim 9.10. Good views at the Blue-eyed Ground Dove Reserve. Scaled Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes squamatus wagleri (1) 1 Boa Nova 12.10. This scarce endemic woodcreeper showed very well in the Boa Nova area. Plain Xenops Xenops minutus minutus (2) 1 Murici 2.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10. Good views in at least two locations. Streaked Xenops Xenops rutilans rutilans (3) 1 Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. First noted in the large feeding flock during our morning in the Crasto Forest and then seen again a few times. Band-tailed Hornero Furnarius figulus figulus (3) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 Boa Nova 13.10. We had good views of a calling bird at the start of the trail in the Serra de Baturite and then noted again in a few locations, used to be called Band-winged Hornero. Pale-legged Hornero Furnarius leucopus leucopus (2) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9 and 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. This species looks similar to the previous species, but we had great studies in the Guaramirange area.

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Rufous Hornero Furnarius rufus albogularis (7) 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 2 en route 14.10 and 2 en route 16.10. This bird became more and more common during the southern portion of the tour. Serra Bonita Treehunter Heliobletus sp. nov. (1) 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. This is a very tricky endemic so we were very happy to see it well twice along the trail in the Serra Bonita Reserve. Sharp-tailed Lochmias nematura nematura Streamcreeper (1) 1 Boa Nova 12.10. Good views of this skulker in the wet forest at Boa Nova. White-collared Foliage- Anabazenops fuscus gleaner (2) 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. After brief flight views, we ended up with good studies of this endemic at Serra Bonita. Great Xenops Megaxenops parnaguae (2) 1 observed 29.9 and 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. One of the most hoped for birds of the tour and we had great views near Potengi and then stumbled across another individual in the cerrado of the Chapada Diamantina, where it was a bit of a surprise. Pale-browed Treehunter Cichlocolaptes leucophrus leucophrus (1) 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Two showed well along the trail in the Serra Bonita Reserve as they chased each other among the taller trees. Ochre-breasted Foliage- Anabacerthia lichtensteini gleaner (1) 1 Boa Nova 13.10. Good views in the canopy of the Boa Nova wet forest. Henna-capped Foliage- Clibanornis rectirostris gleaner Observed 1 day(s) in total. After not finding it in the late afternoon we made up for it big time the following morning, locating a pair of these large foliage-gleaners in the Mata do Lobo, another bonus bird for the tour. Also called Chestnut-capped Foliage-gleaner. White-eyed Foliage- Automolus leucophthalmus leucophthalmus gleaner (3) 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10. Good views in the late afternoon along the steeper trail in the Boa Nova wet forest. Rufous-fronted Thornbird Phacellodomus rufifrons specularis (4) 3 en route 2.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 Boa Nova 13.10. Widespread and common with their large stick nests obvious in open habitats. Cipo Canastero (NT) Asthenes luizae Observed 1 day(s) in total. 1 Botumirim 10.10. After a lengthy search in the Campina do Bananal area, we finally found one responsive individual that snuck in completely silent, but offered great views nevertheless. Striated Softtail (VU) Thripophaga macroura (2) 3 Boa Nova 12.10 and 4 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. This distinctive overbird was seen well several times in the Boa Nova and Serra Bonita areas.

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Chotoy Spinetail Schoeniophylax phryganophilus (1) 2 Botumirim 11.10. A pair seen well during a specific roadside stop as we were leaving the Botumirim area. Pallid Spinetail Cranioleuca pallida (4) 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 2 heard Boa Nova 13.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Good views in Boa Nova and Serra Bonita. Grey-headed Spinetail Cranioleuca semicinerea (2) 3 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9 and 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. This endemic gave great views during our first afternoon in the Serra de Baturite. Caatinga Cacholote Pseudoseisura cristata (5) 3 Quixada 28.9, 2 observed 29.9, 1 observed 30.9, 1 heard Canudos 1.10 and 2 en route 2.10. Fairly common and widespread with excellent views near Hotel Pedra dos Ventos. Yellow-chinned Spinetail Certhiaxis cinnamomeus cinnamomeus (4) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 en route 30.9, 2 en route 2.10 and 1 en route 3.10. Seen in various wetlands. Ochre-cheeked Spinetail Synallaxis scutata scutata (1) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. Great views of a skulky pair along the trail in the Serra de Baturite. Red-shouldered Spinetail Synallaxis hellmayri (1) 2 observed 29.9. Potengi We found a pair in the caatinga around Potengi and the birds emerged from the dense thorn thicket to show very well. Bahia Spinetail Synallaxis cinerea (1) 2 Boa Nova 12.10. This rare endemic showed extremely well for a spinetail within a few minutes of arriving in the Boa Nova wet forest. Pinto's Spinetail (EN) Synallaxis infuscata (1) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. This endangered species is rarely recorded so we did well with one emerging from a tangle at Frei Caneca. Spix's Spinetail Synallaxis spixi Observed 1 day(s) in total. 1 Botumirim 10.10. One came into the open and then perched for scope views at the start of the trail to the Campina do Bananal. Pale-breasted Spinetail Synallaxis albescens inaequalis (3) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10., 2 Botumirim 9.10. and 10.10. Good views along the trail in the Chapada Diamantina and then seen well again in the Blue- eyed Ground Dove Reserve. Sooty-fronted Spinetail Synallaxis frontalis (7) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 Quixada 29.9, 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 heard Caetite 8.10 and 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10. Good views along the trail in the Serra de Baturite.

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Antbirds Thamnophilidae Stripe-backed Antbird Myrmorchilus strigilatus strigilatus (6) 1 heard observed 29.9, 2 observed 30.9, 2 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10 and 2 Boa Nova 13.10. We had great views at Sitio Pau Preto and then again as we hiked down from the hill at Pocoes. Silvery-flanked Antwren Myrmotherula luctuosa (3) 2 Murici 2.10, 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. This species was recently split from the White-flanked Antwren and we had great views in several locations. Band-tailed Antwren (VU) Myrmotherula urosticta (2) 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. This endemic showed well in the Veracel Reserve. Streak-capped Antwren Terenura maculata (2) 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Heard only at Serra Bonita and Boa Nova. Orange-bellied Antwren Terenura sicki (EN) (1) 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. Great views of a pair in the canopy of this very rare endemic antwren at Frei Caneca Reserve where the birds came right overhead for good studies. Narrow-billed Antwren Formicivora iheringi (NT) (3) 2 Botumirim 10.10., 1 Botumirim 11.10., 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10. Great views of a pair in the Mata do Lobo near Botumirim. Southern White-fringed Formicivora grisea grisea Antwren (2) 1 Murici 2.10 and 2 heard Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. Good views as we were hiking out from the Murici Reserve where one emerged from the shrubby tangle. Black-bellied Antwren Formicivora melanogaster bahiae (4) 1 heard Quixada 28.9, 1 Quixada 29.9, 1 observed 29.9, 1 observed 30.9 and 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. The best views were had near Hotel Pedra dos Ventos where a male just hopped into the open right next to us. Rusty-backed Antwren Formicivora rufa chapmani (1) 2 Caetite 8.10. We made a stop in the dry scrub near Caetite and had excellent views of a pair. Sincora Antwren (NT) Formicivora grantsaui (1) 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10. We found a responsive pair along the trail in the Chapada Diamantina. Star-throated Antwren Rhopias gularis (2) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10. During the final morning we all had great views of a male bouncing around below eye level at the Serra Bonita Reserve.

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Bahia Antwren (VU) pileatus (2) 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. After seeing one in the canopy we went to lower, coastal forest in the Veracel reserve where a pair showed exceedingly well. Caatinga Antwren Herpsilochmus sellowi (4) 4 observed 29.9, 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10. Common in caatinga habitats with a very close pair seen in the Potengi area. Black-capped Antwren Herpsilochmus atricapillus (6) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 Caetite 8.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10. Widespread and we had great views in several locations. Pectoral Antwren (VU) Herpsilochmus pectoralis (1) 1 en route 1.10. An extra roadside stop at a stake-out got us onto an immature male with a confusing plumage when it looked like none would show, what a relief. Rufous-winged Antwren Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus scapularis (8) 2 Murici 2.10, 2 heard Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 2 heard Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10, 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Widespread and common, especially by voice as this canopy dweller rarely offered good views. Spot-breasted Antvireo Dysithamnus stictothorax (NT) (2) 2 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. The birds skulked about in the canopy of the Boa Nova wet forest. Plain Antvireo Dysithamnus mentalis emiliae (2) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9 and 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. mentalis: (2) 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Widespread with a few sightings. Plumbeous Antvireo (VU) Dysithamnus plumbeus (1) 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. A difficult species, but we found a pair that offered great views along the trail at Serra Bonita Reserve. Barred Antshrike Thamnophilus doliatus difficilis (2) 2 heard observed 29.9, 2 Quixada 29.9 and 2 en route 11.10. The caatinga version of the Barred Antshrike with its red eye and the female showing extensive barring showed well several times with perhaps the best views near Hotel Pedra dos Ventos. Chestnut-backed Thamnophilus palliatus vestitus Antshrike (2) 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 1 en route 16.10. Good views of a male as we drove down from Serra Bonita. Planalto Slaty Antshrike Thamnophilus pelzelni (6) 1 Quixada 29.9, 1 observed 6.10, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 Caetite 8.10. Many good views of this vocal and bold antshrike in the drier, interior habitats.

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Sooretama Slaty Antshrike Thamnophilus ambiguus (3) 1 Crasto Forest 4.10, 2 Crasto Forest 5.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. This species replaced the previous species in the wetter forests near the coast and also offered several great views. Variable Antshrike Thamnophilus caerulescens caerulescens (3) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 Boa Nova 13.10. cearensis: (2) 4 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9 and 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. Fairly common and widespread with the distinctive Ceare subspecies seen in the Serra de Baturite. Rufous-winged Antshrike Thamnophilus torquatus (2) 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10., 1 Botumirim 10.10. We saw a male well during the hike up to the Campina do Bananal. Silvery-cheeked Antshrike Sakesphorus cristatus (6) 3 observed 29.9, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Caetite 8.10 and 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10. This species was common in the caatinga and we had great views near Potengi. Great Antshrike Taraba major stagurus (4) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 heard Quixada 29.9 and 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10. Seen well in the Serra de Baturite and heard in other locations. Tufted Antshrike Mackenziaena severa (1) 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10. We only heard the species calling in the wet forest at Boa Nova. Spot-backed Antshrike Hypoedaleus guttatus (5) 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10 and up to 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 14-16.10. Great scope views of a singing bird in the Boa Nova wet forest and also seen at Serra Bonita. Ferruginous Antbird Drymophila ferruginea (3) 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Great views of a pair climbing up in a tangle in the Boa Nova wet forest and heard Serra Bonita. Rio de Janeiro Antbird Cercomacra brasiliana (NT) (1) 1+1 heard Boa Nova 12.10. Wow, this skulker came right in and then sat in the open for minutes on end, a rare endemic. Scalloped Antbird Myrmoderus ruficauda soror (1) 2 Murici 2.10. We enjoyed unparalleled views in Muricic of a pair that did circles around us. White-bibbed Antbird Myrmoderus loricatus (1) 2 Boa Nova 13.10. One of the best antbird of the tour as a pair came in close, displaying their white patches on their back and offering unobstructed views for several minutes. White-backed Fire-eye Pyriglena leuconota leuconota (1) 2 Murici 2.10. Quick but good views in Murici.

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Fringe-backed Fire-eye Pyriglena atra (EN) (1) 1 Crasto Forest 4.10. It only took a few minutes of searching during our first afternoon in the Crasto Forest before we had a male come close for great views. White-shouldered Fire-eye Pyriglena leucoptera (4) 1 observed 6.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10. The best views were enjoyed near Boa Nova where a calling male sat out in the open for several minutes. Slender Antbird (EN) Rhopornis ardesiacus (1) 2 Boa Nova 12.10. A pair did a full circle around us in the Boa Nova dry forest, giving us repeated good views of male and female, a very distinctive antbird preferring dry forest with an abundance of ground bromeliads.

Antthrushes Formicariidae Rufous-capped Antthrush Formicarius colma ruficeps (2) 1 Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Wow, we had two spectacular encounters with this antthrush, the first near Pocoes where it walked out right in front of us and then another calling bird in the scope at Veracel Reserve. Short-tailed Antthrush Chamaeza campanisona campanisona (1) 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Heard only at a distance along the trail in the Serra Bonita Reserve.

Antpittas Grallariidae Variegated Antpitta Grallaria varia intercedens (2) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. We all had great views on our second try as it hopped out into the open a few times at Serra Bonita Reserve. White-browed Antpitta Hylopezus ochroleucus (NT) (3) 2 heard observed 29.9, 1 heard Caetite 8.10 and 1 Boa Nova 13.10. After several tries and only hearing the birds, we finally ended up with great views near Pocoes when a bird hopped out into the open right infront of us, cheers went up!

Gnateaters Conopophagidae Rufous Gnateater Conopophaga lineata lineata (4) 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Good views of a pair in the Boa Nova wet forest and seen again in the Serra Bonita Reserve. Ceara Gnateater Conopophaga cearae (2) 1 heard Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9 and 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. This range restricted endemic was seen exceptionally well along the trail in the Serra de Baturite. Black-cheeked Gnateater Conopophaga melanops nigrifrons (2) 2 Murici 2.10 and 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. The bird revealed itself nicely in the shaded understory of the Murici Reserve.

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Tapaculos Rhinocryptidae Diamantina Tapaculo (NT) diamantinensis (1) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. We reached the site in the early evening and within minutes a bird was hopping about in the open, giving incredibly confiding views for a tapaculo.

Crescentchests Melanopareiidae Collared Crescentchest Melanopareia torquata torquata (2) 1+1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10 and 4 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. We tracked down a calling bird on a brushy hillside during the hike in the Chapada Diamantina and it stayed in view calling for minutes on end.

Tyrant Flycatchers Tyrannidae Planalto Tyrannulet Phyllomyias fasciatus cearae (5) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Caetite 8.10 and 2 Boa Nova 13.10. Common, especially by voice mainly in the northern portion of the tour. Rough-legged Tyrannulet Phyllomyias burmeisteri (1) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10. A surprise find for this itinerary, but a vocal bird dropped in along the entrance road of the Serra Bonita Reserve. Grey-capped Tyrannulet Phyllomyias griseocapilla (NT) (2) 1 Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. One was seen well during the hike up Serra do Arrepio. Grey Elaenia Myiopagis caniceps caniceps (2) 1 en route 2.10 and 2 Caetite 8.10. The best views were of a bird at Quilombo Park Hotel. Yellow-bellied Elaenia Elaenia flavogaster flavogaster (9) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 en route 2.10, 1 en route 3.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 en route 14.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Widespread and common. Large Elaenia Elaenia spectabilis (1) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. Heard and glimpsed in flight along the trail in the Serra de Baturite. Plain-crested Elaenia Elaenia cristata cristata (6) 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 2 Caetite 8.10 and 2 en route 11.10. Common in cerrado habitats. Lesser Elaenia Elaenia chiriquensis chiriquensis Observed 1 day(s) in total. Seen briefly in the Blue-eyed Ground Dove Reserve. Small-headed Elaenia Elaenia sordida (3) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10., 2 Botumirim 10.10. Several excellent views along the trail in the Chapada Diamantina and seen again in the Botumirim area.

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White-lored Tyrannulet Ornithion inerme (1) 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. A calling bird perched high in the canopy in the Veracel Reserve. Southern Beardless Camptostoma obsoletum cinerascens Tyrannulet (12) 1 Quixada 28.9, 1 Quixada 29.9, 1 observed 30.9, 1 Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10. Common and widespread. Suiriri Flycatcher Suiriri suiriri bahiae Observed 1 day(s) in total. 2 Botumirim 11.10. A surprise find during a roadside stop as we were leaving the Botumirim area and a welcome addition to the list. White-crested Tyrannulet Serpophaga subcristata subcristata (2) 1 observed 30.9 and 1 Boa Nova 13.10. Good views at Sitio Pau Preto and again seen in the Boa Nova area. Mouse-colored Tyrannulet Phaeomyias murina murina (5) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Caetite 8.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Fairly common. Yellow Tyrannulet Capsiempis flaveola flaveola (1) 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. A pair was seen well during our tody-flycatcher search in the scrubby habitats at Frei Caneca. Grey-backed Tachuri Polystictus superciliaris (1) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. After a dedicated search we enjoyed great views of this scarce species in the cerrado at the Chapada Diamantina, eventually it perched on an open branch right in front of us! Tawny-crowned Pygmy Euscarthmus meloryphus meloryphus Tyrant (6) 1 observed 30.9, 1 heard en route 1.10, 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 Caetite 8.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10. Fairly common in caatinga and cerrado. Rufous-sided Pygmy Euscarthmus rufomarginatus Tyrant (NT) (1) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. This is a scarce species and we had great views of a calling bird hopping to the top of a bush in the middle of the Chapada Diamantina cerrado. Lesser Wagtail-Tyrant Stigmatura napensis bahiae (3) 1 observed 30.9, 1 heard Canudos 1.10 and 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. This isolated subspecies was seen well in the caatinga at Potengi and again in the Chapada Diamantina. Greater Wagtail-Tyrant Stigmatura budytoides gracilis (1) 3 observed 30.9. Sitio Pau Preto Great views of at least three at Sitio Pau Preto in the Potengi area. Guianan Tyrannulet Zimmerius acer (3) 4 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9 and 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. Fairly frequent in the Guaramiranga area and again at the hummingbird feeder set up at Frei Caneca.

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Alagoas Tyrannulet (EN) Phylloscartes ceciliae (1) 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. It only took a few minutes to find this scarce and threatened tyrannulet at Frei Caneca where they offered unusually good views in the canopy. Bahia Tyrannulet (EN) Phylloscartes beckeri (1) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. We searched for this species quite a bit along the trail at Serra Bonita and eventually had one come in right overhead, another canopy dwelling, endemic. Minas Gerais Tyrannulet Phylloscartes roquettei (EN) Observed 1 day(s) in total. 1 Botumirim 10.10. After searching for it around Caetite without any luck, we finally found one at the last chance at the start of the trail to the Campina do Bananal and the bird offered great views. Oustalet's Tyrannulet Phylloscartes oustaleti (NT) (1) 1 Boa Nova 13.10. A scarce species on this route, but we found one along the higher parts of the trail in the Boa Nova wet forest. Sepia-capped Flycatcher Leptopogon amaurocephalus amaurocephalus (3) 1 Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1+1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. This species was fairly common and widespread, especially by voice. Southern Scrub Flycatcher Sublegatus modestus modestus (1) 1 observed 30.9. Great views at Sitio Pau Preto in the Potengi area. Bran-colored Flycatcher Myiophobus fasciatus fasciatus (4) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10 and 1 Caetite 8.10. Good views in the scrubby roadside habitat at Frei Caneca. Drab-breasted Bamboo Hemitriccus diops Tyrant (2) 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. We heard this species often, but it took a few attempts before we all got good views, which we finally did along the trail in Serra Bonita. White-bellied Tody-Tyrant Hemitriccus griseipectus naumburgae (1) 3 Murici 2.10. This is an isolated population and we had good views of these diminutive flycatchers. Stripe-necked Tody- Hemitriccus striaticollis striaticollis Tyrant (1) 1 Crasto Forest 5.10. Good views on the edge of the forest by the pond in Crasto Forest. Hangnest Tody-Tyrant Hemitriccus nidipendulus nidipendulus (2) 1 Boa Nova 13.10. Excellent views in the Boa Nova area in the dry forest. Pearly-vented Tody- Hemitriccus margaritaceiventer wuchereri Tyrant (5) 1 Quixada 28.9, 1 heard observed 29.9 and 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. Frequently encountered in drier forest and shrub.

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Buff-breasted Tody- Hemitriccus mirandae Tyrant (VU) (2) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9 and 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. This range restricted species was seen well several times in the Serra de Baturite. Fork-tailed Tody-Tyrant Hemitriccus furcatus (VU) (2) 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Excellent views of a calling bird in the Boa Nova wet forest. Eared Pygmy Tyrant Myiornis auricularis cinereicollis (2) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10 and 1+1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. We found an individual of the isolated population at Frei Caneca and then fairly common at Veracel. Ochre-faced Tody- Poecilotriccus plumbeiceps cinereipectus Flycatcher (2) 2 Caetite 8.10 and 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10. A pair seen well in the forest fragment near Caetite. Smoky-fronted Tody- Poecilotriccus fumifrons fumifrons Flycatcher (1) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. After two attempts we finally found one along the roadside at Frei Caneca. Yellow-lored Tody- Todirostrum poliocephalum Flycatcher (5) 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10 and up to 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 14-16.10. This endemic was common in the eastern wetter forests. Common Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum cinereum cinereum (4) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Quixada 28.9, 1 Quixada 29.9 and 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. Widespread and common. cearae: (5) 1 en route 1.10, 1 Crasto Forest 5.10, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Caetite 8.10 and 1 en route 14.10. Olivaceous Flatbill Rhynchocyclus olivaceus olivaceus (2) 1 heard Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Heard only at the Veracal Reserve Yellow-olive Flatbill Tolmomyias sulphurescens mixtus (1) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. pallescens: (3) 2 Caetite 8.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10. Fairly common especially by voice. Grey-crowned Flatbill Tolmomyias poliocephalus sclateri (2) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Seen briefly at Serra Bonita.

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Ochre-lored Flatbill Tolmomyias flaviventris dissors (4) 3 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 2 heard en route 29.9 and 1 Arajara Park 30.9. Very common and widespread, especially by voice. flaviventris: (7) 1 en route 1.10, 1 heard Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 Caetite 8.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. White-throated Spadebill Platyrinchus mystaceus niveigularis (1) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. Great views of one along the trail in the Serra de Baturite. Cliff Flycatcher Hirundinea ferruginea bellicosa (5) 4 Canudos 1.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 en route 8.10 and 1 en route 16.10. Several seen well in the rugged terrain of the Lear’s Macaw reserve and a few in other locations. Euler's Flycatcher Lathrotriccus euleri argentinus (6) 1 Arajara Park 30.9, 1 heard Murici 2.10, 1 observed 6.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Best seen at Arajara Park and a few noted in other locations. Tropical Pewee Contopus cinereus surinamensis (1) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. pallescens: (4) 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10. Excellent views in several locations. Velvety Black Tyrant Knipolegus nigerrimus hoflingae (2) 4 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10. Good views atop the beautifully situated Pai Inacio in the Chapada Diamantina. Yellow-browed Tyrant Satrapa icterophrys (1) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. A surprise find on this route, but one seen at a roadside stop near a marsh in the Chapada Diamantina. White Monjita Xolmis irupero niveus (2) 2 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 Boa Nova 13.10. Good views of this striking flycatcher in the open habitats on the way to the dry forest in Boa Nova. Black-backed Water Fluvicola albiventer Tyrant (1) 2 en route 30.9. We saw two of these at the productive roadside marsh during the drive to Arajara Park. Masked Water Tyrant Fluvicola nengeta nengeta (11) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 en route 29.9, 1 en route 30.9, 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 en route 5.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10, 2 en route 14.10, 3 en route 16.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Common and widespread.

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White-headed Marsh Arundinicola leucocephala Tyrant (3) 1 en route 30.9, 2 en route 2.10 and 1 Crasto Forest 4.10. Noted is roadside marshes. Long-tailed Tyrant Colonia colonus colonus (3) 1 Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Seen well in the Boa Nova area and Serra Bonita. Cattle Tyrant Machetornis rixosa rixosa (6) 1 en route 29.9, 1 en route 2.10, 2 en route 5.10, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10 and 1 en route 16.10. Common and widespread. Piratic Flycatcher Legatus leucophaius leucophaius (3) 1 heard Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 heard Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. After only hearing the species we took a quick look at one at Veracel Reserve. Rusty-margined Myiozetetes cayanensis erythropterus Flycatcher Observed 1 day(s) in total. 1 Botumirim 10.10. One seen along the edge of the stream as we were birding in the late afternoon near Botumirim. Social Flycatcher Myiozetetes similis pallidiventris (14) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 2 en route 14.10. Common and widespread. Great Kiskadee Pitangus sulphuratus maximiliani (20) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 en route 14.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10, 2 en route 16.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Very common and widespread. Three-striped Flycatcher Conopias trivirgatus trivirgatus (1) 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. A very special bird for Elaine and we scoped a pair nicely along the trail near the antennas at Serra Bonita. Streaked Flycatcher Myiodynastes maculatus solitarius (1) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Seen by some at Serra Bonita. Boat-billed Flycatcher Megarynchus pitangua pitangua (14) 1 heard Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Quixada 28.9, 1 heard Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 2 heard Boa Nova 13.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Common and widespread. White-throated Kingbird Tyrannus albogularis Observed 1 day(s) in total. 1 Botumirim 10.10 A vocal bird was studied at length at the bridge area in the late afternoon near Botumirim. Tropical Kingbird Tyrannus melancholicus despotes (22) 4 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Boa Nova 12.10 and 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Abundant and widespread.

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Fork-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus savana circumdatus (1) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. Seen well at the roadside marsh as we were driving in the Chapada Diamantina area. Greyish Mourner Rhytipterna simplex simplex (4) 2 Murici 2.10, 2 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and up to 2 Veracel Reserve 16-17.10. Noted in several humid forest locations. Sibilant Sirystes Sirystes sibilator sibilator (1) 1 Boa Nova 12.10. Great views along the trail in the wet forest at Boa Nova. Ash-throated Casiornis Casiornis fuscus (1) 1 Quixada 29.9. This was a great find as it is uncommon during the dry season, but one showed very well near Hotel Pedra dos Ventos. Dusky-capped Flycatcher Myiarchus tuberculifer tuberculifer (1) 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. A pair high in the canopy along the trail in the Veracel Reserve. Short-crested Flycatcher Myiarchus ferox australis (7) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 en route 2.10, 1 observed 6.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10, 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Common and widespread. Brown-crested Flycatcher Myiarchus tyrannulus bahiae (3) 1 Quixada 28.9 and 1 Quixada 29.9. The typical myiarchus of drier habitats. Grey-hooded Attila Attila rufus hellmayri (4) 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10 and up to 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 14-16.10. Seen well at Serra Bonita where birds were very vocal. Bright-rumped Attila Attila spadiceus uropygiatus (1) 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Good views along the trail at Veracel Reserve after it finally flew in to playback.

Cotingas Cotingidae Black-headed Berryeater Carpornis melanocephala (VU) (2) 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. This difficult endemic was seen well along the trail at Veracel Reserve. Banded Cotinga (EN) Cotinga maculata (1) 1 en route 16.10. Wow, we had a good dose of luck with this species when we spotted a male along a roadside stop. It flew in and perched in full view for a few moments for all to see, one of the top birds of the tour. Bare-throated Bellbird Procnias nudicollis (VU) (3) Up to 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14-16.10. Heard only distantly at Serra Bonita. Screaming Piha Lipaugus vociferans (3) 4 Murici 2.10, 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 5 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Very vocal at Murici and Veracel with a few good views.

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Cinnamon-vented Piha Lipaugus lanioides (NT) (2) 3 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10. Excellent close views of three right next to our lodge at Serra Bonita Reserve. White-winged Cotinga Xipholena atropurpurea (EN) (2) 2 Crasto Forest 5.10 and 3 Veracel Reserve 17.10. A pair flew in right next to us at Crasto Forest and scoped again at Veracel Reserve. Red-ruffed Fruitcrow Pyroderus scutatus scutatus (2) 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 Boa Nova 13.10. Seen in flight by some at the Boa Nova wet forest.

Manakins Pipridae Pale-bellied Tyrant- Neopelma pallescens Manakin (2) 4 observed 6.10. Great views in the Botumirim area. Wied's Tyrant-Manakin Neopelma aurifrons (VU) (1) 2 Boa Nova 13.10. We tracked down this scarce species in the hilltop forest fragment near Pocoes and the second bird we found offered great views to all. Araripe Manakin (CR) Antilophia bokermanni (1) 2 Arajara Park 30.9. One of the top birds of the tour and we saw at least two males well at the famous Arajara Water Park where the birds are easily found. Helmeted Manakin Antilophia galeata (3) 2 observed 6.10 and 2 Caetite 8.10. Excellent views of a male that came in near Botumirim and seen again later. Blue-backed Manakin Chiroxiphia pareola pareola (1) 1 Murici 2.10. Great views of a male as we started the trail at the Murici Reserve. Blue Manakin Chiroxiphia caudata (3) 1 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Good views of this large and stunning manakin at Boa Nova and Serra Bonita. Pin-tailed Manakin Ilicura militaris (4) 1+1 heard Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 2 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Wow, we had a male fly in at Mata do Lobo near Boa Nova. White-bearded Manakin Manacus manacus manacus (1) 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. Fairly common and finally a male seen well at Veracel. purissimus: (3) 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 2 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Band-tailed Manakin Pipra fasciicauda scarlatina (2) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9 and 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9. Great views of confiding birds during our first afternoon at Serra de Baturite.

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Kinglet Manakin Machaeropterus regulus (2) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Wow, the best views were had along the trail at Serra Bonita. White-crowned Manakin Pseudopipra pipra cephaleucos (1) 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Good views of males along the trail at the Veracel Reserve. Red-headed Manakin Ceratopipra rubrocapilla (4) 1 Murici 2.10, 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 heard Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Widespread with a few good views of males here and there.

Tityras, Becards Tityridae Sharpbill Oxyruncus cristatus cristatus (4) 2 Boa Nova 13.10 and up to 3 Serra Bonita Reserve 14-16.10. Common in the Boa Nova area and especially at Serra Bonita where we heard many and also had repeated good views of this unique species. Whiskered Myiobius Myiobius barbatus mastacalis (1) 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. An excellent last minute addition of one carrying nesting material along the road in the Veracel Reserve. Black-crowned Tityra Tityra inquisitor erythrogenys (1) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. Seen by some at a distance at Frei Caneca. Brown-winged Schiffornis Schiffornis turdina intermedia (3) 2 heard Murici 2.10, 1 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Heard in a few locations and a responsive individual flew right in along the trail at Veracel Reserve for good views. White-naped Xenopsaris Xenopsaris albinucha albinucha (2) 1 observed 30.9 and 1 en route 5.10. We luckily found one as this species usually vacates the area during the dry season, but a bird came right in at Sitio Pau Preto for great views. Green-backed Becard Pachyramphus viridis viridis (3) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Seen well in several locations. Chestnut-crowned Becard Pachyramphus castaneus castaneus (3) 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Good views at Boat Nova and again Veracel Reserve. Black-capped Becard Pachyramphus marginatus marginatus (1) 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Excellent views of a calling bird in the scrubby white sand forest at Veracel Reserve.

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Vireos, Greenlets Vireonidae Rufous-browed Cyclarhis gujanensis Peppershrike gujanensis (3) 1 heard Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9 and 2 heard Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. cearensis: (7) 2 Quixada 28.9, 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10. Common and widespread with many great views in the dry forests. Chivi Vireo Vireo chivi agilis (7) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 heard Crasto Forest 4.10, 4 Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 observed 6.10, 1 heard en route 16.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Heard often and seen well at Crasto Forest. Grey-eyed Greenlet Hylophilus amaurocephalus (5) 1 observed 29.9, 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Caetite 8.10 and 2 Boa Nova 13.10. Excellent views at Frei Caneca. Lemon-chested Greenlet Hylophilus thoracicus thoracicus (1) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Good views in the canopy along the trail at Serra Bonita.

Crows, Jays, and Magpies Corvidae Curl-crested Jay Cyanocorax cristatellus Observed 1 day(s) in total. 3 Botumirim 9.10. Good views of bird flying and then perched for scope views Blue-eyed Ground Dove Reserve. White-naped Jay Cyanocorax cyanopogon (5) 4 Quixada 28.9, 1 observed 30.9, 1 Canudos 1.10 and 1 observed 6.10. Many good views in the caatinga areas of the north with birds present at Quilombo Park Hotel.

Swallows Hirundinidae White-winged Swallow Tachycineta albiventer (8) Up to 4 en route 30-2.10, 1 en route 5.10, 1 en route 13.10, 2 en route 14.10 and 1 en route 16.10. Fairly common at roadside locations and several gas station stops. Grey-breasted Martin Progne chalybea macrorhamphus (9) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9 and 2 en route 30.9. Common throughout. Brown-chested Martin Progne tapera fusca (1) 1 en route 16.10. Seen well as we drove down from Serra Bonita. Blue-and-white Swallow Notiochelidon cyanoleuca cyanoleuca (8) 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 2 en route 14.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 2 en route 17.10. Widespread and numerous. Southern Rough-winged Stelgidopteryx ruficollis ruficollis Swallow (16) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9. Abundant.

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Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica erythrogaster (1) 3 en route 30.9. Seen at a roadside marsh.

Donacobius Donacobiidae Black-capped Donacobius Donacobius atricapilla atricapilla (1) 2 en route 16.10. Seen well perched on telephone wires as we drove down from Serra Bonita.

Wrens Troglodytidae Thrush-like Wren Campylorhynchus turdinus turdinus (3) Up to 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14-15.10 and 1 en route 16.10. Seen coming to a nest along the entrance road at Serra Bonita. Moustached Wren Pheugopedius genibarbis genibarbis (9) 2 heard Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 heard Arajara Park 30.9, 1 heard Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 heard Crasto Forest 4.10, 1 heard Crasto Forest 5.10 and 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10. Common and widespread especially by voice with great views at Serra de Baturite. Long-billed Wren Cantorchilus longirostris bahiae (2) 1 Quixada 28.9 and 2 Quixada 29.9. Exceptional views at Hotel Pedra dos Ventos. longirostris: (4) 1 en route 1.10, 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 Boa Nova 13.10. Buff-breasted Wren Cantorchilus leucotis (1) 2 Botumirim 11.10. Seen well at Mata do Lobo in the Botumirim area. House Wren Troglodytes aedon musculus (16) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 Quixada 29.9, 1 observed 30.9, 1 heard Canudos 1.10, 1 en route 2.10, 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 en route 4.10, 1 en route 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 2 Caetite 8.10, 1 en route 11.10, 1 en route 14.10, 1 heard en route 16.10 and 1 heard Veracel Reserve 17.10. Widespread and common.

Gnatcatchers Polioptilidae Trilling Gnatwren Ramphocaenus melanurus austerus (2) 1 heard Murici 2.10 and 1 heard Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. Heard only in the Alagoas reserves. Tropical Gnatcatcher Polioptila plumbea atricapilla (8) 3 Quixada 28.9, 2 observed 29.9, 2 observed 30.9, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Caetite 8.10 and 2 Boa Nova 12.10. Common in drier habitats.

Mockingbirds, Thrashers Mimidae Tropical Mockingbird Mimus gilvus antelius Observed 1 day(s) in total. 3 Hotel Porto Seguro 18.10. Seen right in front of the hotel at dawn in Porto Seguro.

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Chalk-browed Mimus saturninus arenaceus Mockingbird (6) 1 en route 28.9, 1 observed 29.9, 1 en route 3.10, 3 en route 11.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 en route 16.10. Widespread and numerous.

Thrushes and Allies Turdidae Rufous-brown Solitaire Cichlopsis leucogenys leucogenys (2) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 3 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Great views in the scope at Serra Bonita. Yellow-legged Thrush Turdus flavipes flavipes (2) 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. This secretive thrush showed well several times at Serra Bonita. Rufous-bellied Thrush Turdus rufiventris juensis (4) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Quixada 28.9 and 2 observed 29.9. rufiventris: (9) 2 observed 6.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Common and widespread. Pale-breasted Thrush Turdus leucomelas albiventer (11) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 5 Arajara Park 30.9, 2 observed 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 3 Caetite 8.10 and 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Abundant. Creamy-bellied Thrush Turdus amaurochalinus (2) 1 Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10. Seen by some. White-necked Thrush Turdus albicollis crotopezus (3) 1 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Good views in the Serra Bonita Reserve.

Old World Sparrows Passeridae House Sparrow Passer domesticus domesticus Observed 17 day(s) in total. Common in towns.

Waxbills, Munias and allies Estrildidae Common Waxbill Estrilda astrild astrild (2) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9 and 30 en route 2.10. This introduced species was seen in numbers in the north.

Wagtails, Pipits Motacillidae Yellowish Pipit Anthus lutescens lutescens (1) 1 en route 2.10. Great views of a calling bird near the Quilombo Park Hotel.

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Finches Fringillidae Yellow-faced Siskin Spinus yarrellii (1) 1 Tamandaré 4.10. We found this very rare endemic after waiting about ten minutes at the REBIO Saltinho Reserve and had brief but good scope views of a single male, one of the trickiest endemics of the tour. Purple-throated Euphonia Euphonia chlorotica chlorotica (6) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Murici 2.10, 3 Caetite 8.10 and 2 Boa Nova 12.10. Common nad fairly widespread. Violaceous Euphonia Euphonia violacea aurantiicollis (8) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Murici 2.10, 6 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 4 Crasto Forest 5.10, 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10, 4 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Common. Orange-bellied Euphonia Euphonia xanthogaster xanthogaster (4) 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10 and up to 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 14-16.10. Regular at the feeders in the Serra Bonita Reserve. Chestnut-bellied Euphonia Euphonia pectoralis (2) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Great views of males and females at the Serra Bonita Reserve.

New World Buntings and Sparrows Passerellidae Rufous-collared Sparrow Zonotrichia capensis matutina (8) 2 observed 29.9, 1 heard Arajara Park 30.9, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Caetite 8.10 and 1 Boa Nova 12.10. Widespread and common. Grassland Sparrow Ammodramus humeralis humeralis (3) 1 en route 3.10, 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10 and 1 en route 16.10. Noted in a few localities. Pectoral Sparrow taciturnus taciturnus (4) 3 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 Crasto Forest 5.10 and 2 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Seen well in the Serra de Baturite. Sao Francisco Sparrow Arremon franciscanus (NT) (2) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 2 Caetite 8.10. It took some patience and waiting until we all had great views of this tricky endemic in the Chapada Diamantina and as often happens it then showed well and easily in Caetite.

Oropendolas, Orioles & Blackbirds Icteridae White-browed Blackbird Leistes superciliaris (1) 10 Boa Nova 12.10. Good views in the pastures during the drive to the dry forest in Boa Nova. Solitary Cacique Cacicus solitarius (1) 1 observed 30.9. Only seen at Sito Pau Preto where one sat up in a small tree.

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Yellow-rumped Cacique Cacicus cela cela (4) 3 Crasto Forest 4.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10. Great views in several locations. Red-rumped Cacique Cacicus haemorrhous affinis (4) 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10, 1 heard Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10, 6 Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 5 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Best seen in the Veracel Reserve where we saw an active colony. Campo Troupial Icterus jamacaii (11) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 observed 30.9, 1 en route 30.9, 1 Canudos 1.10, 1 en route 5.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 2 Caetite 8.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 en route 16.10. This beautiful bird was widespread in drier habitats. Variable Oriole Icterus pyrrhopterus tibialis (6) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 2 Quixada 29.9, 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 en route 6.10 and 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. Seen well in several locations, this subspecies has yellow tibial feathers. Giant Cowbird Molothrus oryzivorus oryzivorus (2) 4 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 en route 16.10. Seen in flight during the drive up to the Serra Bonita Reserve. Shiny Cowbird Molothrus bonariensis bonariensis (10) 2 en route 28.9, 1 observed 29.9, 1 en route 9.10, 2 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 en route 16.10. Widespread and common. Forbes's Blackbird Anumara forbesi (1) 2 Tamandaré 4.10. We tracked down this scarce endemic in a marsh outside of Tamandara and a pair offered great views. Chopi Blackbird Gnorimopsar chopi chopi (4) 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 5 en route 16.10. Common in open habitats. Pale Baywing Agelaioides fringillarius (3) 1 observed 29.9 and 10 observed 30.9. Seen well at Sitio Pau Preto in the Potengi area. Chestnut-capped Chrysomus ruficapillus frontalis Blackbird (2) 30 observed 29.9 and 20 observed 30.9. Seen well at the feeders at Sitio Pau Preto in the Potengi area.

New World Warblers Parulidae Southern Yellowthroat Geothlypis velata (3) 1 Crasto Forest 4.10, 1 heard Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10 and 2 Boa Nova 12.10. Seen well in a few grassy locations. Tropical Parula Setophaga pitiayumi pitiayumi (8) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 heard Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 observed 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 2 Caetite 8.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10, 2 Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 en route 16.10. Widespread with several great views.

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Flavescent Warbler Myiothlypis flaveola flaveola (6) 1 observed 6.10, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10. Good views in the Botumirim area. Golden-crowned Warbler Basileuterus culicivorus auricapilla (8) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 4 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 Arajara Park 30.9, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Caetite 8.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 heard Boa Nova 13.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Widespread and often seen well.

Cardinals, Grosbeaks and allies Cardinalidae Red Tanager Piranga flava saira (1) 3 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. Seen well in the late afternoon in the Chapada Diamantina where we saw a family group. Red-crowned Ant Tanager Habia rubica bahiae (3) 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10 and 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Many good views in Boa Nova and Serra Bonita. Yellow-green Grosbeak Caryothraustes canadensis brasiliensis (4) 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 3 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 heard Veracel Reserve 16.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Excellent views in the Pocoes area and again at the Veracel Reserve. Ultramarine Grosbeak Cyanocompsa brissonii brissonii (4) 1 observed 29.9, 2 Canudos 1.10, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 Caetite 8.10. A stunning species that offered great views in the Lear’s Macaw Reserve.

Tanagers and allies Thraupidae Red-cowled Cardinal Paroaria dominicana (9) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 2 Quixada 28.9, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 6 en route 11.10 and 2 Boa Nova 12.10. Widespread and common and numerous at the feeders at Sitio Pau Preto. Cinnamon Tanager Schistochlamys ruficapillus capistrata (5) 3 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Caetite 8.10 and 1 Boa Nova 12.10. Seen well in the cerrado at Chapada Diamantina and again in the Botumirim area. Magpie Tanager Cissopis leverianus major (1) 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. A scarce species on this itinerary, but seen well in Serra Bonita. Scarlet-throated Tanager Compsothraupis loricata (4) 1 observed 30.9, 4 en route 5.10 and 4 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. We had great luck with this sometimes scarce and nomadic species, obtaining great views in several locations, but he male coming in at sunrise at Sitio Pau Preto was the most memorable. Orange-headed Tanager Thlypopsis sordida sordida (6) 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 observed 30.9, 1 en route 2.10, 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10 and 1 Boa Nova 12.10. Widespread with many good views. Black-goggled Tanager Trichothraupis melanops (1) 1 Boa Nova 12.10. Seen briefly by some in the Boa Nova wet forest.

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Flame-crested Tanager Tachyphonus cristatus cristatus (2) 2 Murici 2.10 and 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. brunneus: (1) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Good views in several locations and this distinctive tanager. White-lined Tanager Tachyphonus rufus (3) 1 en route 2.10, 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10 and 1 Boa Nova 12.10. Fairly common in drier, open habitats. Brazilian Tanager Ramphocelus bresilia bresilia (3) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Crasto Forest 4.10 and 1 Boa Nova 12.10. Seen well but always briefly in a few locations. Sayaca Tanager Thraupis sayaca sayaca (12) 4 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 2 en route 8.10, 1 en route 11.10, 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 en route 14.10 and 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Widespread and common. Golden-chevroned Thraupis ornata Tanager (4) 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 en route 14.10 and 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. Seen well in the wetter forest in the south of the tour. Palm Tanager Thraupis palmarum palmarum (11) 4 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 en route 30.9, 3 en route 2.10, 4 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 2 Boa Nova 12.10, 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 4 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Common and widespread. Shrike-like Tanager (NT) Neothraupis fasciata (1) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. Excellent scope views in the cerrado of the Chapada Diamantina. Turquoise Tanager Tangara mexicana brasiliensis (1) 8 Veracel Reserve 17.10. We saw the white bellied subspecies very well at the Veracel Reserve, sometimes split as White-bellied Tanager. Seven-colored Tanager Tangara fastuosa (VU) (1) 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. Wow, what a stunning, endemic tanager with good views during the drive up to Frei Caneca and seen again coming to the feeders at a nearby reserve. Green-headed Tanager Tangara seledon (3) 2 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10, 5 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 4 en route 16.10. Fairly common in the Serra Bonita area with some birds visiting the feeders. Red-necked Tanager Tangara cyanocephala cearensis (3) 4 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9 and 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. We saw two distinctive subspecies and had many great views of this beautiful tanagers. corallina: (3) 1 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 10 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10.

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Gilt-edged Tanager Tangara cyanoventris (3) 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 5 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 Boa Nova 13.10. Excellent views in the late afternoon in the Chapada Diamantina. Burnished-buff Tanager Tangara cayana huberi (3) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9 and 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. flava: (10) 1 en route 2.10, 1 Crasto Forest 4.10, 1 Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 2 Caetite 8.10, 2 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 Boa Nova 13.10. Very common and widespread. Opal-rumped Tanager Tangara velia cyanomelas (2) 2 heard en route 16.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. This distinct subspecies was seen well at Veracel Reserve and is sometimes split as Silver- breasted Tanager. Swallow Tanager Tersina viridis viridis (1) 1 en route 14.10. Seen by some en route. Blue Dacnis Dacnis cayana cayana (9) 6 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 4 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 8 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 4 Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10, 4 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 4 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Very common and widespread. Red-legged Honeycreeper Cyanerpes cyaneus holti (5) 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Regularly seen in wetter forests. Green Honeycreeper Chlorophanes spiza axillaris (3) 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 4 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. A few sightings. Guira Tanager Hemithraupis guira guira (3) 1 heard Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 2 en route 2.10 and 1 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. Seen well at Frei Caneca. Rufous-headed Tanager Hemithraupis ruficapilla bahiae (3) 2 Boa Nova 13.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10. This endemic offered great views near Pocoes and again at Serra Bonita. Chestnut-vented Conebill Conirostrum speciosum speciosum (2) 1 en route 2.10 and 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10. Seen during the drive up to Murici and again in the Chapada Diamantina as we started the trail. Bicolored Conebill (NT) Conirostrum bicolor bicolor (2) 2 Crasto Forest 5.10 and 1 en route 17.10. This mangrove specialist was found near Crasto Forest and again in Porto Seguro.

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Grey Pileated Finch Coryphospingus pileatus pileatus (9) 2 Quixada 28.9, 10 observed 30.9, 1 en route 1.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 en route 8.10, 2 en route 11.10 and 2 Boa Nova 12.10. Very common in drier habitats. Blue Finch (NT) Porphyrospiza caerulescens (1) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. Fantastic scope views of a male on the dry, rocky slopes as we were leaving the Chapada Diamantina, a stunning species and enjoyed by all. Cinereous Warbling Finch Poospiza cinerea (2) 2 Botumirim 9.10. and 10.10. Stripe-tailed Yellow Finch Sicalis citrina citrina (1) 5 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10. This species was quite common along the trail in the Chapada Diamantina with many males sitting up and singing. Saffron Finch Sicalis flaveola brasiliensis (7) 1 en route 27.9, 2 en route 3.10, 10 en route 11.10, 4 Boa Nova 12.10, 2 Boa Nova 13.10, 2 en route 14.10 and 2 en route 16.10. Fairly widespread and common. Wedge-tailed Grass Finch Emberizoides herbicola herbicola (3) 1 en route 4.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10 and 1 en route 11.10. Seen well in a few localities, including the Chapada Diamantina and the Botumirim area. Serra Finch (NT) longicauda (2) 3 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10., 2 Botumirim 10.10. This endemic offered great views along the trail in the Chapada Diamantina. Black-throated Grosbeak Saltator fuliginosus (3) Up to 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14-16.10. Excellent views of a responsive bird in the Serra Bonita Reserve. Buff-throated Saltator Saltator maximus maximus (5) 2 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 2 Crasto Forest 5.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Fairly common and widespread. Green-winged Saltator Saltator similis similis (5) 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Caetite 8.10 and 1 en route 11.10. More common in slightly wetter habitats with many great views. Black-throated Saltator Saltator atricollis (2) 3 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 1 en route 11.10. Excellent views in the cerrado of the Chapada Diamantina, including birds in display flight. Blue-black Grassquit Volatinia jacarina jacarina (10) 1 Quixada 28.9, 2 en route 30.9, 2 en route 3.10 and 1 Boa Nova 12.10. Widespread and common. Plumbeous Seedeater Sporophila plumbea plumbea (2) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10 and 1 en route 11.10. Only seen in cerrado habitats. Yellow-bellied Seedeater Sporophila nigricollis nigricollis (1) 4 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10. Common along the trail in the Chapada Diamantina.

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Dubois's Seedeater Sporophila ardesiaca (5) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 4 Boa Nova 12.10, 6 Boa Nova 13.10 and 2 en route 16.10. We had the best views in the open habitats at the Boa Nova wet forest. White-throated Seedeater Sporophila albogularis (5) 15 en route 30.9, 3 en route 1.10, 4 en route 5.10, 4 Boa Nova 12.10 and 1 en route 14.10. Many good views of this endemic, especially a large flock at the roadside marsh. White-bellied Seedeater Sporophila leucoptera cinereola (3) 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 6.10, 2 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 2 Boa Nova 12.10. Found in low numbers in scattered, grassy locations. Copper Seedeater Sporophila bouvreuil (3) 3 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10 and 2 Boa Nova 12.10. Great views at a stake out in the Chapada Diamantina area and seen again at the hummingbird hill in the Boa Nova area. Chestnut-bellied Seed Oryzoborus angolensis angolensis Finch Observed 1 day(s) in total. Seen by some at the Blue-eyed Ground Dove reserve. Bananaquit Coereba flaveola chloropyga (15) 2 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 27.9, 1 Guaramiranga--Serra de Baturité 28.9, 1 observed 29.9, 10 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10, 1 Chapada Diamantina NP 7.10, 1 Caetite 8.10, 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 2 Veracel Reserve 17.10. Common and widespread.

Mammals (9 in total: 8 seen, 1 heard) Status codes: E = Endemic, NE = Near-endemic, I = Introduced

IUCN codes: CR = Critically endangered, EN = Endangered, VU = Vulnerable, EW = Extinct in the Wild, NT = Near Threatened, DD = Data Deficient

Callitrichidae Common Marmoset Callithrix jacchus (4) 2 Quixada 28.9, 1 observed 29.9, 2 Arajara Park 30.9 and 3 Frei Caneca Reserve 3.10. Wied's Black-tufted-ear Marmoset Callithrix kuhlii (3) 1 Boa Nova 12.10, 1 Boa Nova 13.10 and 3 Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10.

New World monkeys Cebidae Buff-headed Capuchin Cebus xanthosternos (1) 3 Veracel Reserve 17.10.

Titis, Sakis and Uakaris Pitheciidae Coimbra-filho's Titi Monkey Callicebus coimbrai (1) 5 heard Crasto Forest 5.10.

Cavies, including Guinea Pigs Caviidae Rock Cavy Kerodon rupestris (1) 2 Quixada 29.9.

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Pacas Cuniculidae Spotted Paca Cuniculus paca (1) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 14.10.

Agoutis Dasyproctidae Azara's Agouti Dasyprocta azarae (1) 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10.

Wolves, Coyote, Foxes, Jackals Canidae Crab-eating Fox Cerdocyon thous (1) 1 Veracel Reserve 17.10.

Deer Cervidae Red Brocket Mazama americana (2) 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 15.10 and 1 Serra Bonita Reserve 16.10.

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Rockjumper Birding Ltd Suite 1D, 5 Clarens Fields Tel: (USA & Canada) toll-free: 1-888-990-5552 Unicity Office Park Email: [email protected] Black River Road, Bambous Alternative email: [email protected] Mauritius Website: www.rockjumperbirding.com

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