-~~~~ ~o 3- 0 0 Public Disclosure Authorized Combined Executive Summary of EIAIEMP/RAP Reports of Alohabad Bypass of NH -2 March, 2003 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized
In assoclation with DHV Consultants 'A I Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass oaNH-2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. Introduction
India has embarked on a 10-year highway transportation improvement program as a part of the national policy to globalize its economy and to increase safety and efficiency in trade and business besides free movement of traffic. To achieve this, National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) was constituted by an act of Parliament, the National Highways Authorities of India Act, 1998. The NHAI is responsible for development, maintenance and management of National Highways and for associated issues. National Highways comprise about 2% of total road length in the country and yet carry over 40% of total traffic across the length and breadth of the country. The first and foremost task mandated to National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) is the implementation of National Highways Development Project (NHDP) comprising the Golden Quadrilateral and North -South and East-West corridors. The golden quadrilateral (GQ) comprises the following stretches: Stretch Length, Km Delhi - Kolkata 1469 Kolkata - Chennai 1751
Chennai - Mumbai 1278
Mumbai - Delhi 1454 (GQ) Total 5952
The National Highway-2 (NH-2) is a part of Golden Quadrilateral connecting Delhi and Kolkata. Four laning of NH-2 from Delhi to Kolkata is under progress. Four laning of Delhi-Agra section has been completed. Similarly, on the other end of the highway, a substantial portion between Dhanbad and Kolkata has been completed, and work is in progress for the remaining stretches. The highway stretch between Agra and Dhanbad has been undertaken for four laning with the World Bank funding. This stretch has been divided into five consultancy packages, each of approximately 200 km length. The five packages are further sub-divided into 19 construction packages, and have been covered under the three "World Bank" projects, viz., "Third National Highway Project" (TNHP), "Grand Trunk Road Improvement Project" (GTRIP), and the "Allahabad Bypass Project" (ABP). The detailes of these construction packages are given below: Details of Construction Packages on NH-2
Stretch Chainage Length Fund Status/Agency From To . (Krn) ing (Km) (Km) Delhi - Mathura 0 145 145 ADB 4 lane Completed Mathura - Agra 145 199.66 54.66 OECF 4 lane Completed Agra - Sikohabad 199.66 250.5 50.84 WB - IV Awarded and four lanning in Contract I A progress Sikohabad -Sanlkdil 250.5 307.5 59.02 NHAI Awarded and four lanning in Contract IB progress Sari Ikdil - Sikandara 321.1 393 72.82 WB-IV Awarded and four lanning in Contract I C progress Etawah Bypass 307.5 321.1 13.6 Awarded and four lanning in
______progress Sikandara-Bhaunti 393 470 61.6 WB-III Awarded and four lanning in Contract 11 A progress
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Stretch Chainage Length Fund Status/Agency From To (lKm) ing (Kmn) (Krn)
Bhaunti - Fatehpur 470 38 51 WB-IV Awarded and four lanning in Border, Contract IIB progress Fatehpur Border-Khaga 38 115 77 WB-I Awarded and four lanning in Contract II C progress Khaga - Kokhraj Contract 115 158 43 WB-III Awarded and four lanning in III A progress Kokhraj - Paharpur 158 245 84.7 WB-IV or To be awarded Village Contract III B BOT (Allahabad Bypass) _ Paharpur Village - Raja 245 317 72 WB-IH Awarded and four lanning in Talab Contract III C _ progress Varanasi Bypass- 317 329 78 WB-IV Awarded and four lanning in Mohania Contract IV A 0 65 progress Mohama-Sasaram Bypass 65 110 45 WB-III Awarded and four lanning in Contract IV B progress Sasaram - Dehri on Sone 110 140 30 WB-IV Awarded and four lanning in Contact IV C progress Dehri on Sone - 140 180 40 WB-III Awarded and four lanning in Aurangabad Contract IV progress D Aurangabad-Barachatti 180 240 60 WB-III Awarded and four lanning in Contract VA progress Barachatti - Gorhar 240 320 80 WB-IV Awarded and four lanning in Contract VB progress Gorhar-Barwa Adda 320 398.75 79 WB-IH Awarded and four lanning in Contract VC progress Barwa Adda-Barakar 398.75 442 43.25 ADB-III Awarded and four lanning in progress Barakar-Raniganj 442 475 33 WB-II Awarded and four lanning in progress Raniganj - Panagarh 475 517 42 ADB-III Awarded and four lanning in ______~progress Panagarh -Palsit 517 581 64 BOT Awarded and four lanning in .______I(A nnuity) progress Palsit -Dankuni 581 666 69 BOT Awarded (Durgapur Expressway) (Annuity) Dankuni -NH-2/NH-6 5 BOT 4 Laned completed Junction near Calcutta 4 (Annuity) Laned Vivekananda Bridge and 6 BOT 6 lane completed Approach I
The Allahabad bypass is a part of consultancy Package III. The package m runs from Khaga (Km 115) to Varanasi (Km 317) having a total length 202 Km. This package has been divided into five construction packages for timely completion of project. The five construction packages are given below:
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Packages Section (Km) Length (Km) Package III A Khaga-Kokhraj (Km 115-158) 43 PackageIII B (i) ABP-1 Ganga Bridge (Kmrl63.267- 1.013 Allahabad Bypass 164.280) (84.708 Km) (ii) ABP-2 (Kml58-163.267 and Km 164.280- 38.987 198.000) (fii) ABP-3 (Km 198.000 - Km 242.708) 44.708 Package III C Handia - Varanasi (Km 245.000 - Km 137) 72
The work is under progress on all the construction packages, except those falling under the Allahabad Bypass Project, for which the present Environmental and Social Assessment has been undertaken as part of the Detailed Project Report.
2. Project Description
The proposed Allahabad Bypass is an access controlled toll road, starting at Km 158 of NH-2 near Kokhraj in Kaushambi district and ending at Km 245 of NH-2 near Handia in Allahabad district, with an overall length of about 84.7 km. This bypass plans to avoid the traffic congestions of the city of Allahabad. The bypass passes through predominantly agricultural lands. Salient Features of Bypass Alignment are described below:
District Boundary : Kaushambi, Pratapgarh and Allahabad Total Land to be acquired : 781 Ha (687 ha private and 94 ha Govt. land Approx.) Nature of land : Mostly Agricultural Village being affected :110 Villages House holds getting affected : 97 Structures getting affected : 267 Trees to be cut : 3298 (Private trees on new alignment and trees on existing NH 2 section) SH - Crossing : 3 (SH-38, SH-7 and SH-9) Major Rivers : 3 (Ganga, Doab and Mansaita) Canals : 32 Drain, Nullahs and Stream : 29 Under passes : 39 under passes (7 pedestrians and 32 vehicular cum pedestrians)
The entire Allahabad bypass project has divided into three construction packages are as stated below: ABP- 1: Ganga bridge with river training work from km 163.267 to km 164.280 (1.013 km) ABP- 2: From km 158.000 to km 163.267 and km 164.280 to km 198.0 (38.987 km) ABP - 3: From km 198.0 to km 242.708 (44.708km)
3. Consultants
The detailed project report has been prepared by the Consortium consisting SNC Lavalin International and Gherzi Eastern Ltd. for bypass construction packages ABP-2 and ABP-3. M/s SNC Lavalin International were lead consultants. M/s Tandon Consultants (P) Ltd. were associated consultants for Ganga Bridge package, ABP-1. The environmental and social assessment for the project have been carried out by M/s Gherzi Eastern Ltd., Kolkata.
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Allahabad bypass project has been categonzed as category 'A' project, because of large scale social impacts. As per the policy of the World Bank, independent reviewers have been appointed to review the Environmental and Social impact assessment process adopted in project preparation and to consolidate EIA and SIA documents. The independent reviewers are a consortium consisting of DHV Consultants and MDP consultants (P) Ltd.; New Delhi.
4. Selection of Present Alignment ( Analysis of Alternative)
Total seven alternatives alignments were considered for the bypass of NH 2 for the Allahabad town in which only one alignment (AS1) was on southern side, five (AN1 through AN5), were on the northern side of Allahabad Town and the seventh one was 14.5 km long elevated structure with four lane above the existing National Highway within Allahabad town. Alternative 'AN-4' was selected as the most viable alignment. The present environmental impact assessment report covers the study of selected alignment AN-4.
5. Process Adopted for Environmental and Social Impact Assessment and Rehabilitation & Resettlement Action Plan
Environmental Assessment Studies
The major steps in EA process, which have been adopted for this project, are presented in the following subsections.
Environmental Screening: The feasibility study incorporated a social and environmental screening. In this screening stage all environmental and social aspects of bypass were identified. Based on screening, EIA was focused on potentially significant environmental issues.
Environmental Impact Assessment and Management Plans: The EIA preparation led to identification of potential environmental hotspots and their feasible remedial measures (including avoidance, mitigation and enhancements), which were made a part of environmental management plan.
Social Impact Assessment
Social impact assessment has been camed out on the basis of pnmary data collected, consultation with the stakeholders and information from secondary sources. Socio-economic baseline survey was conducted, including on the socio-economic and demographic profile of the affected communities. An understanding was developed about the physical, social, economic, and cultural set-up in the project influence area.
Resettlement and Rehabilitation Action Plan
RAP is prepared based on the Social Impact Assessment Studies. The major steps adopted in formulation of RAP for this project are presented in the following subsections.
Venfication exercise: Stnp plans and the details of RoW are collected. The legal boundaries of the RoW provided the basis for identifying and enumerating the number of project affected persons. The venfication exercises and consultations have largely helped to modify the design, thus minimizing negative impacts. Accordingly the strip maps were updated. Also the PAPs (as per modifications in the designs) were identified and considered for further surveys. Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2
The census: A census was carried out to ensure that all impacted persons are identified so that the entitlements could be worked out and budgeted. The census was conducted through door-to-door personal interviews. All persons and famrlies located within the Corridor of Impact (Col) were enumerated. The census also collected information on assets and livelihood of the PAPs and PAFs, and recorded likely impacts on such assets and livelihood.
Socio-economic baseline survey: A socio-economic survey was conducted on 25% of the PAPs to provide a database to develop indicators for the monitoring and evaluation of the RAP. Selection of the stratified samples was based on of the categories of losses.
Entitlement Framework: The entitlement framework was derived entirely from the NHAI R&R Policy, which was earlier endorsed by the Gol and the WB.
Community Consultations: Consultations were undertaken to disseminate information about project to the potentially affected people, and to incorporate their views and suggestions in the RAP as well as the design. Consultations were carried out at various levels, at district levels and villages level (focus group discussions), and the state level (public hearing and the stakeholders' consultations).
Different social groups were consulted based on the sample size decided for the socio-economic surveys. Focus group discussions were held with women, SC, ST and other vulnerable groups. This enabled the RAP to be suitable to the needs of the community and the impacted groups. Consultations were to build awareness amongst, and enlist support from the people, government agencies and the NGOs.
6. Structures of the Report
EIA Report
This EIA report has been presented as per requirements of the Environmental Impact Assessment notification of Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) under the Environment Protection Act, 1986, and World Bank Operative Directives. EIA report has been discussed in nine chapters. Brief of coverage in each chapter is described below:
Chapter 1 discusses the project background, DPR and Independent Review consultants, need of the Bypass road for Allahabad town and selection of best alignment. This chapter also describes the method adopted for the EIA study and structure of the EIA report.
Chapter 2 has been described project from an environmental perspective along with salient features such as RoW, cross section, community facilities, traffic projection etc. This chapter also includes the general features, man made features, highway and bridge design and planning etc.
Chapter 3 discusses the Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework within which the project is set, the major stakeholder departments of the State and Central Govemments involved along with the applicable Acts and Laws. This chapter also covers the clearance requirements at various levels and their current status.
Chapter 4 details out the Methodology adopted for the Environmental Impact Assessment. Descriptions are provided for survey procedures, modelling methods and environmental designs.
Chapter 5 describes the Existing Environmental Scenario in detail. The sections on Meteorological baseline, components of the physical and natural environments, cultural properties along the corridor and quality of life add up to give a comprehensive picture of the existing environment along the bypass alignment and its area of influence.
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Chapter 6 gives an overview of the Community Consultation carried out during the project preparation stage. It also provides an insight into the processes involved, its importance to project design and methods adopted to document the entire exercise.
Chapter 7 on the Assessment of Impacts deternines the extent of the impacts of the project activity on the existing environment. The focus of section is on the adverse impacts. The beneficial impacts on the environment due to the project have been detailed in subsequent chapter under the enhancement measures. The impacts have been detailed in the same sequence as described in Chapter 5 for ease of understanding.
Chapter 8 entitled Mitigation, Avoidance and Enhancement Measures forms the basis of the generation of coherent, comprehensive and concise Environmental Management Plans for the project corridors. In addition to the avoidance and mitigation measures for the physical and natural environmental components, this chapter discusses various environmental enhancements suggested for the project including the enhancement of common property resources.
Chapter 9 reviews the existing Implementation Arrangements and suggests further institutional strengthening for ease of implementation of the environmental component of the project. Report ends with references and annexures.
Rehabilitation and Resettlement Action Plan
The RAP report has been presented as per requirements of the Environmental Impact Assessment notification of Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) under the Environment Protection Act, 1986, and World Bank Operative Directives. This report has been discussed in 12 chapters. The brief coverage of each chapter is described below:
Chapter 1 presents the summary of the RAP, which gives bnef of project affected fanilies including title holder, non title holders, vulnerable, project displaced families, vulnerable PDFs and loss of livelihood etc, land estimation, common properties, summary of income restoration, stakeholder participation, institutional arrangement, implementation schedule and budget.
Chapter 2 details out the methodology adopted for the social impact assessment. Descriptions are provided for survey procedures including census and socio-economic baseline surveys. This chapter also describes the methodology adopted for primary data collection and other secondary data and public consultations.
Chapter 3 presents the measures taken to minimize negative social impacts, impact on land acquisition, impact on settlements including impact on religious structures, common property, private property and commercial establishments.
Chapter 4 describes socio-economic profile of the project area, which includes demographic profile, economic profile, and social profile i.e., family types, occupational structures, share-croppers, and people becoming land less so on.
Chapter 5 presents the resettlements and rehabilitation policy and legal framework. This chapter describes the entitlement framework and matrix that has been used for Allahabad project.
Chapter 6 provides detailed information relating to consultation process including different techniques used for community participation and future plan for continued participation in the project area.
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Chapter 7 highlights the details pertaining to land acquisition process in the project area including land acquisition & determination of replacement value, land acquisition procedures & provision in budget thereof, land requirements for various purposes and detailed land acquisition plan /schedule under NHAI act.
Chapter 8 presents an assessment of existing institutional set-up for R&R implementation and further provides the proposed institutional arrangement and implementation schedule for ensuring timely implementation of RAP in the project area.
Chapter 9 focuses on the impact of livelihood affected PAPs in the project area and provides an income restoration mechanism/plan which would ensure restonng income of PAPs in a way that they are able to restore their previous living standard or are left better off.
Chapter 10 provides the summary of RAP budget covering details of compensation, assistance and training/ support, health related aspects and R&R cost related to value of land and structures.
Chapter 11 presents the monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to be adopted for effective implementation of R&R activities in the project area. chapter 12 describes the processes adopted for assessing health related diseases like HIV/AIDs and provides a detailed action plan for arresting the spread of this disease in the project area.
7. Policies, Legal and Administrative framework
Environmental Study
Various state (Uttar Pradesh govt.) and central Govemment (Govt. of India) environmental legislations and guidelines that form basis of the EIA report are:
- Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 - The Environmental Impact Notification, MOEF, 1994 - Air and Water (Pollution Control) Acts, 1981 and 1977 - Control of Noise Under Environment Protection Act, 1986 - Forest Conservation Act, 1981 - National Forest Policy, 1988 - Wild Life Protection Act, 1972 - Public Liabilities and Insurance Act, 1991 - Vehicle Registration Act, 1998 - Indian Motor Vehicles Act (for control of air and noise pollution) - Ancient Monuments, Archaeological Sites and Remains Act, 1958 - Land Acquisition Act, 1984 and 1989 The report takes into account all the above Acts and Guidelines.
The project would need the following clearances from GOI and GOUP 1. Environmental Clearance from the MOEF 2. Forest Clearance from the MOEF regional office. 3. Permission from state forest department for private tree cutting 4. State Forest Department clearance for felling of trees from the RoW of existing NH-2 portion 5. No Objection Certificate (NOC) from the Uttar Pradesh State Pollution Control Board (UPSPCB)
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6. Clearance from the Uttar Pradesh State Pollution Control Board under the Air Act, the Water Act and the Cess Act, if stipulated by the State Pollution Control Board while giving the NOC 7. Clearance of Ground water board for withdrawal of ground water for construction 8. Clearance for sand mining from river authorities. 9. Consent from state pollution control board for setting up of hot mix plants, batching plant, construction workers' camp, etc.
Social Assessment and Rehabilitation and Resettlement Action Plan
The principal features of the laws that form the basis of planning, construction and operation of the Project in relation to the social and cultural environment are presented below:
Various state (Uttar Pradesh govt.) and central Government (Govt. of India) legislations and guidelines that form basis of the SIA and RAP reports are listed below:
Laws / Regulations Relevance
The Land Acquisition Act, Governs acquisition of land under eminent domain for defined (Amended up to 1984) & the public purposes and compensation thereof. National Highways Act (1956, amended 1997)
The Environmental Impact Makes the preparation of a project-specific RAP mandatory. Assessment Notification, 1994 The RAP must address, among other things; protection against loss of livelihood; community support systems and infrastructure; loss of productive resources and mninimzation of displacement.
The Ancient Monuments and Area within 100m of protected property is protected and within Archaeological Sites and 300m is a zone of controlled development; any development Remains Act, 1958. within such areas requires prior authorization of the ASI.
The project is proposed to be financed by the World Bank, therefore, Operational Guidelines, OP 4.01, January 1999 and OP 4.12, are also followed for the "Environmental Assessment", and "Social Assessment and Rehabilitation and Resettlement Action Plan," respectively.
8. Methodology of Environmental Assessment
Methodology adopted for completion of the study is as follows: - Scoping - Reconnaissance survey to collect information in devised formats; - Analysis of assembly data; - Documentation of baseline conditions; - Assessment of potential impacts; - Formulation of mitigation, avoidance and enhancement measures; - Community consultations; - Preparation of standalone environmental management plans (EMPs)
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9. Existing Environment Scenario
Climate: The Allahabad bypass project is located in the humid sub-tropical region with marked monsoon effects.The climate is distinguished by three distinct seasons, i.e., hot summer (from April to June), warm humid rainy season (from July to September), and cold winter (from November to February). October and March constitute the transitional months between rainy, winter and summer seasons respectively.
Temperature: The temperature varies from extreme high temperatures up to 47°C in summer to as low as 4°C in winter. The annual average temperature is around 27°C Wind. The average wind speed is in the range of 4-5 km/h of this area.
Rainfall: The yearly average rainfall in the project area is about 89 cm of which over 90% occurs during the rainy season.
Relative Humidity: The average relative humidity is 64% and maximum is 90%.
Natural and Biophysical Environment
Air: Ambient Air Quality along Allahabad Bypass Alignment are given in the table below:
Ambient Air Quality at Selected Locations Along Bypass Alignment
i _ Air Quality Parameter
Read I -- F - ing SPM (/Ag/ M X NO C (ppm)Pb (Hg/m 3 ___ M3) (~/) (Agi (pg/in) (ppm)m b(/~ _Survey Station (SS): Murat Ganj (Starting of Bypass) 01 185.0 I 57.0 77.8 24.5 3.2 1.2 I 0.16 02 _ >2 48.0 113 13.7 1.6 <1.0 ND Survey Station (SS): SH-38 Crossing_ 0 1 157.0 48.8 11.9 18.9 0.81 ND ND _02 189.0 I 68.2 8.2 21.6 0.6 ___ ND ND
-Survey Station (SS): SH-9 Crossing 01 149.0 35.0 11.1 18.6 1.2 j 1.3 _ ND 02 1 186.0 1 67.0 12. 14.2 0.9 091 ND Survey Station (SS): Malaka at Chainage 211 _ _01__ 142.0 1 40.0 1 9.3 17.6 ND ND J ND 02 168.0 L 30.0 _ 12.4 _ 12.4 ND N-- - ND ISurvey Station (SS): Handia (End of Bypas) 01 j 2t'-9i,2->9 Hydrology and Drainage: The proposed bypass is passing through almost a flat terrain slope of the area is from northwest (kml58, Kokhraj) to south-east (Km 245, Handia) with an average gradient of 16 cm/Km. Surface Water: The proposed bypass alignment is crossing numerous streams, drains, canals and three rivers namely Ganga, Doab and Mansaita. Following Table gives the summary of water bodies located along the project routes. inassoclaton wwit I Combined Executive Summary of EIWEMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Summary of Surface Water Bodies Crossing Allahabad Bypass SIl.No. Water Body _ Numbers 1. Canals l 33 2. Rivers i 03 3. Ponds/Lakes 12 |4. lRiver/Streams __ 30_ Ground water: There are 26 water tanks, 26 pump houses, 37 hand pumps and 44 wells are comrng on the alignment. In general the ground water table of the study area varies between 10-15m. The water table also varies in vanous seasons. The quality of water is by-and-large acceptable except for alkalinity and hardness for some bore wells and for surface water bodies, a high TSS has been observed in Doab river whereas TDS for river Ganga and Mansaita are higher than Doab river. Land Environment Geology: The project area is geomorphologically a part of the Ganga plain. It has 400-1500m deep alluvial covers. The base in the project area is quite deep, probably more than 1000-4000m below the ground. Seismicity: The proposed bypass alignment is passing through Seismic Zone II as indicated in IRC- 6-1996 clause 222.3 and appendix 5 of IRC of IRC 78-1979. According to BIS zoning map (IS:1893) the Allahabad region indicates a low key of potential earthquake with Zone II having a base horizontal seismic coefficient of 0.02. Soils: The Allahabad bypass area as a whole is the alluvial plain of Ganga river. In general the soil is alluvial, pale brown to whitish in color and loam to sandy loam in texture (sand 40-45%, silt 28%, and clay 27%). The soils are neutral to moderately alkaline with accumulation of calcium in the form of lime at varying depths and sizes. Landuse : Proposed bypass alignment is passing through predominantly rural agricultural land, with scattered community water bodies, orchards, villages etc. It is not affecting any major human settlements. Only 97 village households are getting affected. Total land required is 781 ha. Out of which, 84 percent is cultivated land, about 7-8 percent is fallow land, and balanced is water bodies. Of the total cultivated land 80 percent is irrigated and about 10 percent is non-irrigated. Soil Erosion: Soil erosion is not a prominent feature in project influence area. Quarries and Crushers: The potential quarries identified for the Allahabad bypass project are Dalla, Birohi, Kabrai, Banda and Shankargarh quarries for obtaining sand and aggregates. These are approved quarries by UPPWD and already in operation with the required environmental clearances. No new quarries have been proposed for this project. Borrow Pits: Borrow pits are identified within 100 - 600m of RoW along the bypass. Based on the total requirement and availability of each soil type, estimates of soil quantity to be obtained from each of the borrow areas were worked out in accordance with the National Standards, recommended by the Indian Roads Congress (IRC) 1. The material available from these pits will not be enough for the construction works. In order to meet additional requirements of earth works, blending of sands is proposed. The sand for this purpose will be mined from Ganga riverbed. - 10- ,ff&eX Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Noise: The noise levels at start and end point of bypass have been found to exceed the prescribed limits due to heavy traffic. But at rural locations the day and night 'Leq' values are well within the stipulated limits of CPCB for residential areas. A variation of more than 5 dB (A) to 10 dB (A) was observed at the monitoring locations between the day and night time noise levels. The values arrived for day and night from the measured noise levels at an interval of 1 minute at vanous locations along the project route presented below: Noise Levels along Proposed Bypass Alignment Leq day TLeq night S. No. Survey Station (SS) (15 hourly) (9 hourly) ______dB(A) dB (A) 1 Murat Ganj(tart of Byass) ______60 50 2 ear Ganga River _____ 1 48 38 3 Near Doab River v 47 38 4 Malak Balau ______51 44 5 t'i38 Crossings 53 47 ______53 47_ __6_ arrFateh _ _ _ 50 40 7 1SH-9_Crossing_ _ 54 50 8 ISH-9 Crossing at Chainage 216 52 54 9 a aka Village at Chainge 211 ___ _ 43 39 10 __Handia (End of Bypass) 62 48 Source : Noise level measurements carried out by independent reviewers Terrestrial Ecology Vegetation and Habitats: The study area is predominantly cultivated land interrupted by scattered human settlements with cluster of thatched houses, orchards and common native trees present here and there near to the houses, along the village roads, on the bank of the streams/ canals and inside the agricultural land. Narrow strip of grasses are encounter at the riparian zone of the river Ganga/ other flowing water bodies. Crops in the fields are the predominant features of the study area. Besides the crops other vegetation are common trees i.e., Mango, Jack fruits, Jamun, Guava, Shisham, Neem, Amla, Mohua, Bahr, Baher, Gular, Babool, Eucalyptus etc. A total of 3298 numbers of trees have been identified to be cut from the RoW. In which about 1046 fruit bearing trees from the thirty affected orchards have been identified. The agricultural lands through which bypass alignment passes are highly productive and give four crops annually. The project-influenced area does not have any forests land or endangered species of vegetation. The entire length of Allahabad bypass falls mainly under the administrative control of Kausambi and Allahabad forest divisions. No national park, sanctuary, wild life reserves or reserved forests are present in near vicinity. The nearest wildlife sanctuary (Chitrakoot) is beyond 60 kms from the bypass alignment. Wild Life: The wild fauna are negligible within the study area. Common native fauna like Neelgai, Hyaena, Jackal, Rabbit, Porcupine etc. are rarely encountered in village out skirts and in the bank of nvers/streams. Total 33 varieties of animals (10 varieties of mammals, 7 varieties of reptiles and 16 types of birds) are enlisted from various secondary sources. None are endangered/ vulnerable/rare species except one bird, Pavo cristatus (Peacock), the national bird of India. Peacock is commonly found in this area. iX tZ/7 Inassoclath Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Aquatic Ecology Ecology of River Ganga Physico-chemical status: The riverbed in the project-influenced stretch has sandy soil with 79 to 99.7 % sand and nil to 12% clay. Soil pH varies 7.1 to 8.4, free CaCO3 ranges 0.25 to 5.50 ppm in winter and 0.75 to 8.50 during summer and monsoon seasons, organic carbon varies from 0.02 to 0.35 %, average productivity is 3221 calories/ m2 /day (ranges from 1800-6900 calories/ m2/day) as per the secondary data collected from CICFRI, Allahabad. Dominance and Diversity of Plankton: Total algal population during winter season varied between 145 and 174 cells ml-1. Altogether 23 genera from 4 groups were recorded of which dominance of Bacillariophyta over Chlorophyta, Uglenophyta and Cyanophyta indicates that organic pollutants do not enrich the water bodies. There are 3 dominant groups of zooplankton represented by rotifera followed by protozoa and Arthropoda (cladocera, copepoda and nauplius larvae). Almost all the species recorded are most common in clean water as well as in partially polluted freshwater contaminated by organic matter. 11 types of macrobenthos from the groups Ephemeroptera, Diptera, Mollusca and Pisces were recorded. Fisheries: Large scale commercial fisheries are lacking within the study area. The State Fisheries Department has recorded 15 varieties of fishes and one variety of prawn from this area. In which 10 varieties are commercially important major carps i.e., Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala, Labeo calbasu and rest are larger cat fishes ( i.e., Mystus aor, M. seenghala, Rita rita, and wallogo auttu), smaller cat fishes and miscellaneous fish including minor carps. 10. Socio- Economic Environment The bypass passes through three districts namely Allahabad, Kaushambi and Pratapgarh. The total number of Tehsils, blocks and villages affected from the project are presented in the following table. Number of affected Tehsils, Blocks and Villages Name of Affected Bypass Number of Number of Number of District Length, Km Affected Affected Blocks Affected Allahabad 71.67 3 6 97 Kaushambi 6.36 2 2 8 Pratapgarh 6.67 1 1 5 Total 84.7 6 9 110 Source: Primary Data Land Acquisition: The total land requirements of 781 ha have been worked out for different purposes of the project. Out of this, 687 ha of private land would be acquired in the three districts covenng 110 villages, while 94 ha of Govt./Gram Sabha land will be transferred to NHAI. The district wise land acquisition details are given in the following Table. -12- 9 lBausclat9Xa w 9~~~~~~~~~~~~~~li Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for . Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 District wise Land Acquisition Name of district Chainage No. of Land in Ha villages (Private & Govtl affected G. S Land) Kaushambi Km 158- Km 164.36 8 105.83 Pratapgarh Km 164.36- km 171.03 5 50.29 Allahabad Km 171.03-Km 242.70 97 624.88 Total 110 781 Source: Primary Data Demographic Profile: The demographic trend in Allahabad has had a considerable population growth of 30.7 percent during 1991-2001, which is much higher than the state's decadal growth rate. The decadal growth for Kaushambi and Pratapgarh has observed a much lower growth rate. Viewing the rural-urban dichotomy, Pratapgarh district indicates 94.7% rural population followed by 92% in Kausambi whereas Allahabad accounts for 75.4 percent as it is more urbanized with a larger percentage of population living in urban areas. Further, the male to female ratio reveals that Pratapgarh has 983 females per thousand males, which was higher than other two districts. The number of male PAPs above 18 years of age is 10,477 and the number of female PAPs above 18 years of age is 7,743. Percentage of male PAPs above 18 years of age is 36.2% and female PAPs is 26.7%. Social Profile: The literacy pattern reveals that Allahabad district accounts for highest literacy rate of 80.7 percent (86.20 % for males and 73.87 % for females). The least literacy level was in Kausambi coupled with low rate of social development in the district. It can be viewed that Pratapgarh district accounts for highest overall rural literacy pattern of 57.7 % and 74.0% for males and 41.3% for females. This is closely followed by Allahabad district with 56.5% (overall) literacy arte and 73.6% for males and 37.3% for females. The category wise analysis of vulnerable project affected families' reveal that schedule caste accounts for highest percentage of 52.3 percent in the project area. In detail, Pratapgarh has about 62.0 % SC families, followed 52.3 percent in Allahabad and 42.5% in Pratapgarh. The Below Poverty Line PAFs is maximum in Kausambi district, accounting for 42.5% percent of the total vulnerable sections in the district. The percentage of schedule tribes is 0.4% in Allahabad, whereas there are no scheduled tribes in other two districts. Economic Prorile: The majority of the PAF are engaged in agriculture. The prime occupation of people in the region is agriculture. However, most of the farmers belong to small and marginal category. Occupational Pattern of the project affected families are presented below: Occupational pattern of the project affected families in the project area Districts Number of PAFs in Different Occupations Agricul- Sh C Business HH Labor Govt Private Total ture Industry (non- Service service Allahabad 3506 69 7 5 agriculture) 39 40 3669 Kausambi 289 7 2 - - I- 299 Pratapgarh 360 8 | - 2 1 3 I 375 Source Prinmary Data *Sh C sharecropper # HH Household - 13- InassociatIon wihh Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 L The primary data on workforce participation rate (WFPR) indicate that PAPs in Allahabad has WFPR of 38.6 percent followed by Pratapgarh (28.1 percent) and Kausambi (21.6 percent). Project Affected Families: The project affected families (PAF) are mainly divided into two categories - titleholders (98%) and non-titleholders families (2%). Details are as follows: Titleholder: The titleholder families constitute 98% of the total PAF of 4343. Out of total 4257 titleholder families, 97.61% are losing agnculture land, 2.23% are losing residential structures, 0.09% commercial structures and remaining 0.07% losing both residential & commercial structures. Out of the total 4257 titleholder PAFs, 84.57% families belong to Allahabad, 6.86% are from Kaushambi and 8.62% from Pratapgarh districts. Project Affected Families -Title holders No. of No. of No. of families No. of families Packages families families loosing loosing residential loosing loosing cornmercial & commercial Total a2ril. land residence structures structures Allahabad 3506 85 4 3 3598 Kaushambi 289 3 - - 292 Pratapgarh 360 7 - - 367 Total 4155 95 4 3 4257 Source: Primaiy data Non-title Holders: Only 86 non-titleholder families getting affected, who mainly constitute the sharecroppers (persons who have formally or informally come to an agreement with private property owner to cultivate the land, constitutes 2% of PAFs) and interested persons (who do not have the legal documents or registry entries to confirm their ownership of the plot but because of long occupancy they enjoy the right of the possession). The details of the affected non-titleholders are presented below: Distribution of Non Title Holder Project Affected Families Categories/ Allahabad Kaushambi Pratapgarh | Total Districts Sh C* Sh C IP Sh C UP ShC IP Agriculture 69 7 8 84 lResidential - 2 -- - - 2 iTotal 69 2 7 8 84 2 Source. Primary data Sh C-sharecroppers, # IP - interestedpersons Vulnerable: There are 914 (21.4%) vulnerable families out of the total 4343 PAFs. 95.7% of PAVFs are legal titleholders, whereas 4.3% are non-titleholders. Further classification of PAVFs indicate that there are 52.3% SC (scheduled caste) families, 32.38% BPL (below poverty line) families, 15.21% WHH (women headed families) and remaining 0.3% ST (schedules tribe) families. It is also revealed that Project displaced families: 560 families are likely to be displaced out of which 558 titleholders and 2 non-title holders. In which 171 vulnerable families (30% of the total PDFs) are also there. 14 - w Inasscclatlon cAll Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 i Loss of Livelihood: Out of total 4343 affected households, 4246 families losing their livelihood. Out of that, 4155 farmlies would loose their agricultural land, whereas 7 families would loose their commercial activities and 84 families would lose their share cropping activity (livelihood). Common Properties: In addition to land acquisition few other common properties are affected viz. 4 temples, 4 schools, one police station and 3 panchayat ghars. Following table gives the details of the common to be acquired during the construction of the project. Common Properties Getting Affected S.No. Properties No. Remark 1. Schools 4 To be relocated 2. Temple 4 -do - 3. Panchyat Ghar 3 - do- 4. Police Station 1 - do- 5. Tube wells 37 - do- 6. Wells 44 -do- Source: Prirnary Data 11. Community Participation and Consultation Public participation and community consultation has been taken up as an integral part of social and environmental assessment process. Consultation was used as a tool to inform and educate stakeholders about the proposed actions. It assisted in the identification of the problems associated with the project as well as the needs of the population likely to be impacted. The public consultations in the project area were held at Village level, Block level, District level and State level. Discussions were also held with the Allahabad Development Authority, for comprehending their vision regarding implications of comdor development within the overall framework of regional development of the project area. The consultation programme during project preparation was designed with the view to disseminate project information and to incorporate local people and PAPs' opinion in Resettlement Action Plan. The consultations have been carned out with different stakeholders with special emphasis on the vulnerable groups. The key informants during the project preparation phase included both individuals and groups namely: Head of households and members of households affected by the project Clusters of PAPs Village Panchayats; Local voluntary organisations, and CBOs / NGOs; Government agencies and departments; Other project stakeholders with special focus on women and PAPs belonging to the vulnerable groups. - 15 - inassociation wltb Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 The various levels at which the consultation were held included: Various levels of Consultations\ Local/villae Districtleve Allahabad and block level | | n ee | | State level]|Developmen t Authority Target group-Women folk - SC/ ST - other vulnerable Local level Consultations Consultations at the local level were carried out in all the 110 villages belonging to 8 tehsils / blocks. Methods used for local level consultations Individual household level consultation Focus Group discussions with men and women group separately. Formal public consultations involving all the sections of the society at strategic locations. Local Level ( Village level) Consultations during the Screening Study -2001 are summarized below: Issues Discussed 8.1 Outcome Relocation Options of PDPs whose residential structures are getting affected prefer to get and relocated nearby. Compensations/Assistan The owner expressed his constraints in shifting the kiln. ce residential structures Workers raised the issue of loss of their livelihood. Relocation Options and. Compensation of Brick During consultation they were convinced to relocate the same to a kilns nearby place thereby ensuring restoration of the livelihood of the Loss of livelihood of workers. workers People expressed their views on the risk involved if the road passed Relocation choices and through the village affecting residential structures on both sides. Safety due to alignment The PDP's getting affected proposed that they should be shifted to the Relocation of school one side of the road to ensure road safety for villagers/road users. buildings People expressed their views on the risk involved if the road passed 6. Relocation of through the village affecting residential structures on both sides. Temples Relocation of schools and temples to sites identified in consultation I with the villagers and the village Panchayat. *1 Temple would be relocated in consultation with the villagers and at the site as provided by the gram Panchayatand mutually agreed. - 16 - d4191XVYII:~~~~~~~~~sscI~lo Yttt~~~~~~~~~~i 1 MCICUOS wte v Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH -2 Summary of Block Level / Village Consultations Issues Raised Suggestions / Demands of Probable Mitigation Measures PAPs Market Place (N Chandra Demand of service roads for Redesign of intersection Market at Kokhraj) issued by safe movement of local people Relocation of demolished shops Panchayat Suggestions on shop relocation A double story - shopping complex can be built on Govt Relocation of shops for new market complex land in the nearby area Draiunage and sewage problem Adequate Compensation Construction of service roads and stnct enforcement of Compensation / Assistance Compensation to be paid to the parking and traffic rules will have to be implemented to Loss of Livelihood actual titleholder discipline the traffic flow Land acquisition & mode of Land for land is desirable Structures avoided to mnimize loss of land compensation Land should be allocated within The villagers were told about the replacement cost for land, Safety along the Bypass the village-withm 5 km. radius which could enable them to purchase land Alignment Compensation for the crops The policy provisions of payment of compensation for should be provided standing and non-perennial crops were explained to the PAPs should be provided PAPs employment opportunties The provision for support for livelihood options and skill Adequate measures for training as a part of the econormc rehabilitation was restoration of livelihood through explained to them. skill enhancement required PAPs expressed their concem Land for land preferably within The alignment crosses the abadi area of the village for the safety of their children the village where adequate safety masures Bypass alignment All farmers loosing total land Compensation would be paid as per the entitlement should be compensated as per framework prevailing market pnce Skill enhancement measures would be taken up for the They may also be provided with restoration of livelihood and employment oppomtnities suitable livelihood options. would be generated The land for bypass is being The local people require The villagers were made to understand that the nearness of acquired facilities for crossing the road. the village to the city and the road would further facilitate The land is fertile and the All compensation be paid at of mobility, hence the business options may be profitable farmers are dependant on the land prevailing at the time of The possibilities of employment in the construction land for livelihood. implementation contracts were explained The contractors are expected to Division of land due to the Literate people to be given jobs employ a large number of local labours, including the bypass by NHAI. skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled labors Problems of imgation and Less educated PAPs be given Locations of underpass/ overpass identified consequent redundancy of land skill training for reconstructing their livelihood and are able to regain the loss of income. An effort to avoid land If bypass is constructed then the The possibilities of employment in the construction acquisition for bypass and following should be taken into contracts were explained strengthen the existing road. consideration Compensation Mode of payment Adequate employment Delivery mechanism. opportunities for restoration of livelihood of PAPs Skill enhancement measures District - Level Consultations District level consultations were complementary to the local and village level consultations conducted along the project comdor. The participants included the Distnct Magistrate, district level officials from the line departments, representatives of the PAPs and NHAI officials. Project related literature were prepared in Hindi and English and distributed among all participants during the meetings. The entire proceedings of the meetings were video-recorded. Summary of District level consultations are summarized below: In assclaUen with Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 District Level Consultations District Locati Date of Issues Raised Suggestions/Demands of the Probable Mitigation Measures/ on Consultat participants Assurances Given By The NHAI ion Access Control Access control road would prevent Suggestions have been Kausham Kokhar 13 01 200 Market Place (Nehru recurrent road accidents and allow incorporated tn final engineenng bi z 2 Market at Kokhraj) smooth flow of fast moving traffic design Provisions of service issued by Panchayat Provision of service road for roads, underpasses and overpasses Relocation of shops movement of village bound traffic have been made to allow Drainage and sewage Shop to be relocated, or a new increased accessibihty between problem market complex to be built in villages without causmg any Compensation / consultation with PAPs. disruption to the day to day Assistance Compensation to be paid at market activities of the villagers Loss of Livelihood value Redesign of intersection Road Safety Compensation to be paid to the Relocation of demolished shops Brick Kilns gettmg actual titleholder. A double storey shopping affected Provision of drainage facilities complex can be built on Govt Loss of employment of Employment in the project for those land in the nearby area. the Bnck Kiln workers losing income opportunsttes Compensation at replacement Petrol Pump getting Demand of service roads for safe value affected movement of local people. Training for self employment / Encroachment Awareness among villagers dovetailing with poverty regarding safety measures alleviation schemes of GOI Alignment of road to be shifted to Construction of service roads and avoid bnck kiln as it absorbs stnct enforcement of parking and villagers dunng non-agncultural traffic rules will have to be seasons If realignment is not implemented to bnng discipline in possible then compensation should the traffic flow be paid at replacement value to the Alignment cannot be shifted to owner save the bnck kilns but Petrol pump will be partially compensation will be paid at affected; compensation should be replacement value and workers paid at replacement value will also be compensated for the loss of workdays. Loss of agncultural Land for land preferably within the Compensation at replacement Pratapgar Shamas 11 01 200 land village value and the actual titleholder h pur 2 Demolition of houses / Compensation to be paid at market will be compensated after structures value venfication by the project Compensation / Compensation to be paid to the authonties Assistance actual titleholder Compensation for structures will LA and Mode of People not aware of the LA process be paid at replacement value and compensation / LA Preference to be given to local PAPs will be relocated at process NGOs for RAP implementation resettlement sites pnor to NGO selection process Employment in the project for those demolition of the structures Loss of Livelihood losing income opportuities LA procedure to be explained to Employment dunng Identify altemative income the people dunng implementation construction restoration measures and also in RAP document Income restoration Loss of trees and orchards to be Training for self employment / options compensated by the project dovetauling with poverty Loss of trees / orchards Demand of service roads for safe alleviation schemes of GOI Road Safety movement of local people Altemative income restoration PAPs expressed their Awareness among villagers options have been suggested in concem for the safety regardmg safety measures RAP document of their children due to PAPs to be consulted dunng Loss of trees and orchards will be fast moving traffic to identification of relocation sites compensated result after the Resettlement sites should have the Adequate measures would be construction of the basic amemties incorporated in the Highway bypass designs to shift the ahgnment to Drainage and sewage avoid habitation in the main Relocation sites village and there will be adequate Basic Amenities in provision of safety railings / resettlement colonies signage as the bypass will be an access controlled one Construction of service roads and stnct enforcement of parking and traffic rules will have to be implemented to bnng disciplne in the traffic flow. Drainage facility will be provided - 18- 4g7- Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 District Locati Date of Issues Raised Suggestions/Demands of the Probable Mitigation Measures/ on Consultat participants Assurances Given By The NHAI ion Imgation units will be replaced by the project Relocation sites will be finalized in consultation with the PAPs and basic amenities will be provided in resettlement colonies Access Control People felt that access control would Parallel service road has been Allahabad Kaunh 2001 200 Bypass alignment ensure road safety, reduce traveling provided all along the bypass ar Inter 2 Loss of agncultural time to the nearby towns & markets Locations of underpasses / College land Service roads, pedestnan crossings overpasses have been finalized in Demolition of houses / to be provided to ensure easy consultation with the PAPs structures accessibility across and withun Compensation at replacement Compensation / villages value and the actual titleholder Assistance Residential structures should be will be compensated with pnor LA and Mode of avoided venfication by the project compensation / LA Land for land preferably within the authonties process village Compensation for structures will NGO selection process All farmers losing land should be be paid at replacement value and Loss of Livelihood due compensated at prevailing market PAPs will be relocated at to acquisition of fenile pnce resettlement sites pnor to agncultural land Compensation to be paid to the demolition of the structures Employment dunng actual titleholder. LA procedure explained to the construction People loosing land to be provided people and also in RAP document Income restoration with suitable livelihood options Training for self employment I options People whose land gets fragmented dovetailing with poverty Loss of trees / orchards should be compensated for the total alleviation schemes of GOI Road Safety land Altemative income restoration PAPs expressed their People not aware of the LA process options have been suggested in concem for the safety Preference to be given to local NGO RAP document of their children due to for RAP implementation Loss of trees and orchards will be fast moving traffic to Employment in the project for those compensated result after the losing income opportunities Adequate measures would be construction of the Identify alternate income restoration incorporated in the Highway bypass measures designs to shift the ahgnment to Drainage and sewage Loss of trees and orchards to be avoid dense settlements in the problem compensated by the project main village and there will be lmgation Unuts Demand of service roads for safe adequate provision of safety Relocation sites movement of local people railings / signage as the bypass Basic amenities in Awareness among villagers will be an access controlled one resettlement colonies regarding safety measures Stnct enforcement of parking and Bnck Klilns getting Provision of drainage facilities traffic rules will be implemented affected Imgation unuts should be replaced to bring discipline un the traffic Shrines getting by the project flow affected PAPs to be consulted dunng Drainage facility will be provided identification of relocation sites Adequate assistance and Resettlement sites should have the compensation would be paid to basic amenities the PAPs losing imgation Imgation facilities to be provided to facilities those who own means of imgation Relocation sites will be finalized Farmers losing total land should be in consultation with the PAPs and given rehabilitation assistance basic amenities will be provided Marginal farmers to be provided in resettlement colomes with jobs for restonng their Persons working in Bnck Kilns livelihood would receive assistance for loss Alignment of road to be shufted to of workdays and the owner will avoid bnck kiln as it absorbs be compensated at current market villagers dunng non-agncultural value seasons. If realignmnent is not Alternative income restoration possible rehabilitation assistance to options for farmers loosing total be paid to the workers for loss of land and marginal farmers have workdays and owner to be been suggested in RAP document compensated at current market Temples will be relocated in value consultation with the PAPs Temples to be relocated in consultation with the Gram Panchayats and villagers Inassociation with Combined Executive Summary of EIAEMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 State - Level Consultation State level consultation workshop was held in January and February 2002 to promote awareness and understanding about the proposed project. The participants included local people, social and environmental experts from academic organisations, NGOs, NHAI, representatives of the District Administration (Allahabad, Kausambi, and Pratapgarh), Land and Land Revenue Departments, Forest Department and others. Summary of the State level consultations are presented below: State Level Consultations as held on 25-02-2002 at Allahabad Issues Raised Suggestions / Demands of the Participants Probable Mitigation Measures Suggested Access Control Dissemmate the pros and cons of access control to villagers The concept of access control Road Safety Provision of service roads so that day to day activities of the disseminated to the PAPs Drainage villagers are not impaired Suggestions incorporated in Detailed Accessibility from Special provisions in road design to accommodate free flow of Engineenng Design State roads, village village bound slow moving traffic along cross roads, cart tracks, Drainage would be provided roads, MDR and village tracks Awareness program on road safety issues to be conducted Safety is an important issue especially for children, women and cattle Proper drainage facilities should be provided Minimizing negative To avoid settlements, community assets, trees, orchards Suggestions have been considered socal and Relocation and resettlement should be muinmuzed dunng finalization of the alignments environmental impacts Environmental Improvements will be done as per final recommendation of forest authonties and IRC code Land Acquisition Explaining PAPs the compensation pnnciples and procedure LA process explained to people dunng procedure and mode of Timely disbursement of compensation community consultation and also in payment Assessment of market value of land to be conducted RAP Notification about the cut-off date by the govemment through The emphasis is on speeding up of the the media and press will prevent further land transactions. compensation payment process Compensation / Compensation to be as per the market rates, land for land and Compensation to be paid at replacement assistance assets for assets value Provision for squatters Land for Land would be the best option R&R assistance for squatters/ / encroachers The land allotted as compensation should not be fragmented and encroachers with special assistance to Livelihood losses their location and type is important the vulnerable group Relocation Acquisition of land and other immovable properties ands Loss of livelihood would be Relocation / resettlement should be on the basis of "do first, then remove" compensated m terns of development replacement of A need to work out the modalities for squatters and encroachers based employment generation and community assets Efforts should be made to prevent loss of livelihoods. occupation sustainable in local social - PAPs want to be relocated along with their peer groups environmental context. Special care would be taken in removing or shifting the scared trees and selection of sites for schools and temples being affected Income restoration Altemative income restoration schemes to be designed Suggestion has been considered m options RAP. The vulnerable groups would be identified to be given special consideration for resettlement / rehabilitation on pnonty basis. Environmental Special measures to be taken to improve environmental quality Natural landscape and landaus pattems enhancement Forest Department to provide technical support to protect local would be maintained and improved Emussions from road flora and fauna upon by controlling soil erosion etc works, higher traffic (refer to EMP) volume etc would detenorate the air quality Source of water and Replacement of all water sources, imgation units by the project Crossing of main canal/ system have imgation facilities been so designed so as to not disturb the would be affected. existing pnmary sources of imagtion Institutional To ensure close coordination between NHAI, NGO and other Coordination between Govemmental Arrangements lme departments departments is vital for implementation - 20 - InGaseeIaUonG MM Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Issues Raised Suggestions / Demands of the Participants Probable Mitigation Measures Suggested Selection of NGOs Locally based NGO to be given preference of the Resettlement Action Plan NHAI to organize training programmes on R&R issues for Preference will be given to local NGOs NGOs and NHAI officials and NHAI will organize a resettlement- training programme pnor to implementation of the project to sensitize project functionanes on resettlement issues People's Participation To ensure people's participation in identification of relocation People's participation mechanisms have sites, and altemative income restoration options been indicated in RAP Device gnevance redressal mechanism to resolve disputes and People will be consulted frequently timely disbursement of compensation dunng the implementation stage Device mechanisms of public participation in m&e of the project These recommendations of the state / district or local / village level consultations have been carefully considered in the design. While finalizing the bypass alignment, the views of the PAPs, and outcomes of the district and state level consultations have been considered. Plans For Continued Participation The following sets of activities are required for proper Implementation of the RAP. These will help the process of resettlement and rehabilitation to be effective, and will ensure time-bound achievements. Information Disclosure The RAP will be disclosed at several locations, for the benefit of the interested community and the stakeholders. The following are the components of disclosure of project information. The NGOs involved in implementation of the RAP will organize public meetings and will appraise the communities about the progress in the implementation of R & R works. There will be Grievance Redressal Committees (GRCs) for each distnct. The PAPs will be associated with such committees (each of the committees will include representative of the PAPs). The resettlement sites, and other amenities and facilities to be made available to the PAPs will be decided in consultation with the communities. The NGOs will organize public meetings to inform the community about the compensation and assistance to be paid. Regular update of the progress of resettlement component of the project will be placed for public display at the PIU office. All monitoring and evaluation reports of the R & R components of the project will be disclosed in the same manner as that of the RAP report suggested above. Community Participation To implement the RAP in a proper way, it is essential to provide scope of involving communites and effected persons in the process. Mechanisms of continuous participation described below: - 21- InassoclatIoo with Combined Executive Summary of EIAIEMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Continued Participation Mechanisms Project PAPs NGOs Hosts Project & Local Officials Stage ______Planning Participate in public Assist in impact assessment Provide information or Provide information on meetings Assist in census and SE survey vanous aspects of host PAPs' skills etc Identify altematives to Participate in coordination communities Suggest ways to mnimiuuze avoid or munimuze commnttee Assists in data collection and impacts displacement Participate in group meetings design Indicate local staff and Assist in developing and Design and implement on Provide inputs to site budget capacity for choosing altemative information campaigns selection. relocation. options for relocation and Support group formation, Identify possible conflict Assist NGOs in income generation problem identification and areas with PAPs. information dissemunation Help to choose planmng for PAPs and hosts Identify social and cultural Participate in consultations resettlement sites Design and participatory facilities needed at Examine the feasibility of Participate in survey. process resettlement sites IG schemes and discuss Participate in meetings Suggest mechanism for Assist in identification of IG with PAPs with host population gnevance redressal and conflict schemes Help m documentation Provide inputs to resolution, Help in developing a process and consultations entitlement provisions Assist in preparation of action of consultation between Assist in preparation of plan hosts and PAPs action plan Suggest mechamsm for Suggest the mechanism gnevance redressal and for gnevance redressal conflict resolution conflict resolution, and participate in gnevance redressal mechanism. Participate in coordination commnittees Implemen Participate in Provide on going information Assist APO in relocation Process IG proposals tation implementation of support for PAPs and hosts Manage common property at Participate in gnrevance activities Provide support in group site and participate in local redressal mechanism Participation in local management comnumttees Provide assistance under decision making activities Monitor entitlement provisions Assist PAPs in integration local schemes Decide on management of and implementation of IG with Hosts Participate as member of common properties schemes Use established mechanusms implementation Participate in gnevance Assist in implementing for gnevance redressal comnumttee redressal mechanism Provide support to RAP Monitor provision of implementation entitlements Traimng to eligible PAPs Labour and other inputs at Support to vulnerable groups site Evaluate community process Credit and other group and social preparation scheme management Provide advice on gnevance O &M of sites and project redressal inputs Members of implementation comnumttee M &E Participate in gnevance Provide infomiation to project Provide inputs to M & E of Ongoing interaction with tnbunals staff on vulnerable groups R & R PAPs to identify problems Report to project Act as M &E agency for in IG programmes authonties on IG schemes project Participantee in Report on service, quality Act as extemal monitors for correctional strategies of sites project (where not previously involved) 12. Impact Assessment The impacts have qualitatively been weighed on low, high or moderate based on level of impacts due to the project during various stages i.e., planning, design, construction, and operation stages. -22 - . 4 i* 1 p#,w Inasseclation ,TAMlD Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Natural and Biophysical Environment Meteorological Parameters: No change in the macro-climatic setting (precipitation, temperature and wind) is envisaged due to the project. The overall impact on meteorology of the region is not going to be significant and therefore has been categorised as low. Air: The area will be impacted by air pollution both during construction and operation stages. Major impacts are: i) Dusts: Generation of dust is a critical issue and is likely to have adverse impact on health of workers in quarries, borrow areas and stone crushing units during pre-construction and construction stages. This is a direct adverse impact will last almost throughout the construction period. ii) Generation of Exhaust Gases: Generation of exhaust gases is likely during the pre-construction stage due to movement of heavy machinery for clearance of the RoW for construction. High levels of SO2, HC and NO, are likely to be emitted from hot mix plant operations, and heating process during bitumen production. If adequate measures are taken, impacts from generated gases can be considerably reduced. In the Operation Stage the major impact on air quality will be due to plying of vehicles. The Mathematical model study has been carried out to predict the anticipated pollution load using CALINE-3. As SPM level is already high in some locations and its emission from vehicles will be minimal, therefore particulates are not modeled, only CO and NO level have been assessed. The predictions have been carried out for 2006, 2026 and 2036. As per the modeled study predicted CO values are well within the limits and NO, exceed the prescnbed levels at start and end points of bypass. The predicted concentrations are presented below. Predicted Pollutant Levels along Allahabad Bypass Alignment Background Predicted Incremental Predicted Concentration aar o Location Concentration Concentration(jig/r 3) (gg/m3) Sm_)t z I___ _ (jig/r3) 2006- 2036 I 2036 2006 2026 2036 CO 3670 101 184 366 3771 38541 4036 4000 _. uratGaj NO%24.5 20 27 F59 445. 51.5 83.5 80 ______2 ISH-38 Crossing CO917 1 0 1 _ .184 366 ! 1018 1101 1283 1000 2 NO%21.6 20 27 59 41 6 48.6.80.6 = 30 3 S-CrossingSH-7Crossing - C0~1378 _ __1 - 184i 366j _1478 __152 1744 1000 _.______NO 18 6 20 27 38.6 45.6 77 6 _30 CO NIL 101 18 36 0 104 36 4. Malaka at Chainage CNI_1 6 10 27 -59 3646 46 76.6 ______19____ 27 --. 59__ 3. _ .__ 7.6__ i _ CO 1376 101 184__ 366 147 7 1560 1742 4000 5 Handia (end of bypass)1811 16J 5~ _ Hand_(end of bypass) NO 21.3 27t - 59 40.3 48.3 82 3 80 Alteration of Drainage:The impact on the flowing water bodies will mainly during construction period for the diversion of watercourses. This will cause constriction, increase velocity at the downstream of the bridge and increase sediment load with the flow. However, the impact shall be restricted during construction period of the project The drainage pattem of the area has been studied and cross drainage structures have been provided to facilitate natural drainage across the alignment. Therefore, the road design itself takes care of the cross-pavement drainage and local flooding or water logging. Increased Sedimentation and Degradation of Water Quality: Soil in the study area is alluvial type with a high silt composition, which will cause siltation of near by water bodies. Numerous irrigation canals that criss-cross the study area are unlikely to be subjected to run-off discharges because they have properly raised berms on their banks. <7fl/ W InassoelaUonwlth- ,23 InassoclaUon with Combined Executive Summary of EIAIEMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 4) Degradation of water quality is also possible due to accidental discharges into watercourses from drainage of workers' camps and from spillage in vehicle parking and/or fuel and lubricant storage areas. Since the soil is alluvial and contains a large proportion of silt, percolation to underlying aquifer will be very fast. Therefore, any pollutant discharge may quickly percolate into the depths of the earth. In the operation phase, there is little chance of degradation of water quality and the aquatic ecosystem during normal operations except accidental discharges, which are potentially disastrous. But, the probability of such an accident is quite low. Loss of Water bodies / Groundwater sources: A total of 12 ponds, and a number of wells and hand pumps are located within the RoW of proposed alignment, which will be either partially or completely filled up for the bypass road construction. The loss of these sources of drinking water would be a direct negative impact. However, the project envisages replacement of each source of water supply before removing them. The location of these new sources will be decided in consultation with affected population. Therefore, the eventual impact of the proposed bypass construction may only be marginal. Flood Hazard: Rivers in project-influenced area are prone to occasional flood. To avoid the damage of the pavement and road sections carriageway is kept above HFL Further, adequate sized drains in median and on either side of service roads have been planned to avoid flooding of road surface. Loss of Soil: Loss of productive soil, albeit dunng the construction stage only. Beside the Row such loss is envisaged at locations of workers' camps, stockyards, storage godowns etc. Provision has been made in EMP to ensure that no productive areas are used for these allied activities. In any case, though it would be a direct impact but it would be reversible and low in nature. Seismicity: The entire length of Allahabad bypass falls in Zone II with a seismic coefficient of 0.02. Hence, the area is relatively stable. Road construction in this area will have little impact on its overall earthquake potential since no blasting is envisaged at the construction site. Change in Land Use: The land use this area will change permanently due to construction of road. The fertile agriculture land coming within the ROW will be lost permanently. During construction period there will be temporary land acquisition for access road for construction of Ganga bridge, for location of crushers, hot mix plants and workers camp for all the three sub construction packages. Soil Erosion: The soil of the study area varies from loam to sandy loam which is potential for erosion. Erosion will be exacerbated to denuding the soil. This will however be for the duration until the compensatory afforestation and roadside turfing have matured. In stretches where raised carriageway has been planned, slope protection measures are a must. However, to prevent the eroded material from entering the watercourse, silt fencing or cascade arrangements will be provided at the end of ditches as they enter into the water bodies. No soil erosion is envisaged when the road is in operation as all the slopes and embankments of the project road shall be stabilized through sound engineering techniques. Compaction of soil: Compaction of soil will occur in the pre-construction stage (particularly during site clearance stage) due to movement of heavy machinery and vehicles, setting up of construction camps and stockyards. However, this is a short duration impact. Appropriate measures have been specified in the Environmental Management Plan to minimize the area of soil compaction. Contamination of Soil: Soil contamination may take place due to moving vehicles or solid waste contamination from the labour camp set up during pre-construction stage. The sites where . 24. - g7aW# Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 construction vehicles are parked and serviced are likely to be contaminated because of leakage or spillage of fuel, lubricants, asphalt or bitumen from constuction vehicle and hot mix plants. Refuse and solid waste from labour camps can also contaminate the soil. Unwarranted disposal of construction spoil and debris will add to soil contamination. Contamination of soil during construction might be a major long-term residual negative impact. This contamination is likely to be carried over to water bodies in case of dumping being done near water body. Consumption of Natural Resources: Quarries: As no new Quarry needs to be opened for this project, therefore, no new impacts are likely to arise due to quarrying operations. Though the quarry materials are to be transported over long distances to the construction sites, almost all the quarries identified have proper access roads, therefore, no major impacts during the haulage of materials is envisaged. The issue of dust generation etc along the haul roads needs to be addressed through proper enforcement of dust suppression measures. Borrow Pits: The total quantity of earthworks for Allahabad Bypass project is 82,00000 m3 in which 2608500 m3 will be procured from the borrow pits identified along the alignment. Balance quantity 5591500 m3 will be met by blending sand from Ganga river. Cartage of the borrow materials to the construction sites is of significance, as almost all such areas are accessible through dirt tracks only and therefore, spillage and compaction of soil along these tracks will be a significant impact. Sand Borrowing from Yamuna River: Sand for construction would be procured from Yamuna riverbed near Banda, where the sand mrning is already permitted. This site would not require any additional preventive environmental measures. However, care would have to be taken to prevent spillage of material and damage to the haul roads during transportation. Sand Borrowing from Ganga River: The contractors of respective packages will identify the suitable locations for sand procurement from Ganga riverbed for blending with soil for the embankment. No impact is envisaged during pre construction package on riverbed. But supervision consultants have to specify procedures and guidelines for safe transportation and procurement to contractors so that there is no uncontrolled digging at a single location. At the same time each contractor has to ensure permission from river authonties for sand borrowing. Noise: Noise levels will increase significantly during construction phase due to movement of construction machinery and vehicles, and other allied activities such as establishment of workers camps, stockyards etc. But this increased noise impact will prevail only for a short duration dunng the pre construction stage. Moreover, as these activities are not likely to be placed near settlements the impacts of increased noise will be negligible. The prediction of noise levels has been made for the years 2006, 2026 and 2036 using the FHWA Transport Noise Model. As per the predicted results, the predicted noise levels for day time are well within CPCB limits upto the horizon year 2026. Nighttime noise levels exceed in the horizon years 2026 and 2036. Daytime noise levels exceed the specified limits in the honzon years 2036. Predicted noise levels at sensitive receptors are presented below: - 25- 4 f l/W0oo Inassociation with Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Predicted Noise levels noise sensitive receptors during design life of Allahabad Bypass SI l Type of | Chainage Predicted Noise* Predicted Noise Predicted Noise Standard dB(A) No Sensitive I (km) Level dB(A) 2006 Level dB(A) Level dB(A) Receptor ___ 2026 _ 2036 IDay Night 1Day I Night I Day [Night Day Night 1 t Educational 160500 49.8 42.5 49.6 1 551.0 6 47.4 institute ll llll 2 Educational 190-191 50 44 1.9 46.5 55.1, 49.7 55 45 Institute I l l { ] l 3. | Educational 235-236 50 44 9 51 9 46 5 55 1 49.7 55 45 ! Institute __ _ l I I Educational 237-238 i 50 44.9 151.9 46.5 55.1 49.7 55 45 |Instittute I I I 5. ,Educational 241-23 50 T 51.9 46.5 55.1 49.75 Institute j 242.538 1 Il I.___._l * Predictionsmade for school located at about 60 m from Centerline of Ro W. Impact on habitat settings: Proposed bypass will not bring any major change in the habitat setting except dissecting a continuous land into two halves. Both the halves will have the similar features, as originally it was a part of single piece of land. Moreover, continuity will be maintained along the stream or other water bodies on which bridges and culverts will be provided. Riparian zone below these structures will serve as the natural link between the left and nght halves, which will serve as natural passages of the wild fauna of the area. This continuity also will be maintained by pedestnan and vehicular crossings, cross roads, cross drainage structures, planting the native plants and grasses on the embankment. No significant impact is envisaged on the habitat settings due to the project. Impact on sheet flow and natural drainage: Other than culverts and bridges over the rivers and streams, several cross drainage structures will be provided along the natural depression across the bypass road to maintain the natural sheet flow of water during rain. Therefore, it is expected that the proposed bypass would not have any significant influence on soil fertility on the land of either side of the alignment. Removal of trees: Due to construction of the Allahabad bypass 3298 numbers of trees have been identified to be cut which are common native plants, no endangered or rare plants are present among them. So there is no threat of rare and endangered species loss. Tree cutting from ROW will reduce the green coverage, but the effect would not be prominent because of similar land use setup in adjoining areas. The area is basically rural, and about 80 percent of which is agricultural land. Lot of plantations including orchards are present in this area. Therefore, ecological effect of loss of trees would not be felt significantly. Moreover, the roadside plantation will compensate the loss of green coverage. Impact on fauna: Impact on the wild animals of this area will not be significant. The area harbours 33 varieties of wild animals though population size of each species is less. All of these wild animals keep migrating from one place to other, and prefer to stay near human settlement, on the out skirts of villages, in the riparian zone of Ganga, other streams, natural drains and canals; grass patches and bushes scattered within the crop field or along the village roads. No breeding/feeding grounds for any wild animal are present within the project area. Surroundings have similar land cover. Therefore, the land, which is getting converted to concrete road will not have significant impact on the wild fauna of the area, as similar patches of habitat are present nearby. Impact on river ecosystem: No major impact has been anticipated in the river ecology due to the construction of bridge over Ganga or other streams except the increase in turbidity during IAr - 26 - c.9 Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for a A Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 construction phase. Precaution has been already taken and incorporated in the engineering design to mnnimuze the impact on nver ecology. No major fisheries are present in the concerned stretch of river Ganga or any other rivers/streams. Further, whatever aquatic fauna including fishes are present in this stretch of river are not localized to any certain point. It is expected that during the construction, fishes and other aquatic animals will be migrated to other undisturbed stretches of streams. Impact on other inland aquatic water bodies: Other than twelve ponds that will be reallocated, the proposed Allahabad bypass alignmenit is influencing no other aquatic water bodies. No wetland is getting affected, whatever marshy lands are coming on the alignment are seasonal. Therefore, no significant impact will be on inland water bodies. Human Use Values: 781.0 Ha of land, which is presently productive agricultural land, will be converted to concrete road. This will have a significant permanent impact on agricultural productivity of the area. Moreover, a number of facilities important for the residents of area around the bypass alignment exist along the edge of the proposed bypass will be impacted. List of such amenities presented below: Amenities and Facilities Affected Due to Bypass Alignment SI.No. _C Community roperties I Numbers _ = 1. Hand Pumrs/Tube Well 37 2. _ Temple/Shnnes/Mosquie ______04 3. School/Collge __ 06 4. Pump House 26 _ _. ______. __ 5W Water Tank 26 6. ___Pond 12 __2 7 ___ Wells _ __ 44 ____ 8. Peto Pump 8. ____. ______01_ 9. Industry (Bnck Kiln) 02 Safety: The bypass will be access controlled for the local population and slow moving local traffic. Moreover, the provision of service road along the main carriageway of bypass will ensure the safety of locals. Archaeological Protected Monuments: Four temples will be affected due to proposed project; these will be relocated before the construction starts at these sites. No protected monument is present in the project area. Social Impacts: 28969 number of people will be affected, in which 3807 number of people and 558 families will be displaced due to this proposed project. Details of social impacts are covered in Resettle Action Plan (RAP) under separate cover. 13. Avoidance and Mitigation Measures: The avoidance and mitigation measures are discussed in the same order as impacts identified for each of the environmental components. The avoidance and mitigation measures have been summarised in the following table. 411.070410 q/ w InasseelaUen with Combined Executive Summary of EIAIEMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Mitigation measures for identified impacts SI N, Impact Mitigation Measures Suggested 1. Loss of green coverage Plantation along the median and landscaping along the corridor that will help in restoring the green cover This will be accomplished in close co-ordination among supervision consultants, contractors and NHAI. 2 Loss of producti-ve land 1. In the selection of borrow areas, productive agncultural areas have been avoided as far as possible. 2. All topsoil will be stripped up to 150 mm and stored in stockpiles of 2 1 (H V). 3 The stored topsoil will be utilized for' -Covering all disturbed areas including borrow areas; -Top dressing of the road embankments and fill slopes, -Filling up of tree pits, in the median; and - In the agricultural fields of farmers, acquired temporarily 3. Soil Erosion The preventive measures suggested are as follows: 1. At High Embankment (more than 6 m) in places other than Ganga Bridge - turfing with jute mesh upto drainage layer, - turfing above drainage layer, - chute drain with turn around arrangement at shoulder for drainage of roadway. - appraon on toe of slope. 2. Pitching up to drainage layer HFL + I.Om at Ganga Bridge approach and slope and 3 Toe protection with stone pitching on filter blanket at the Embankment Height upto 4 5m. 4. Lining with stone pitching and filter blanket have been proposed to control erosion for channel changes of streams and canals required for reducing skew angle of crossing and for their diversion from foot print of embankment. 4. Borrowing of Earth For borrowing of earth for the project, several borrow area locations have been identified and recommended. Certain precautionary measures have been suggested to restrict unauthorised borrowing by the contractor: Cultivable land - The borrowing shall not be carried out in cultivable lands, unless and until, it is agreed upon by the Supervision Consultant that there is no suitable uncultivable land in the vicimty for borrowing, or there are private land owners willing to allow borrowing on their fields. - The depth of borrow pits shall not exceed 45 cm - 150mm layer of topsoil shall be preserved in stockpiles - Height of the stock pile will not exceed 2m and side slopes not steeper than 12 - The borrow areas will not be dug continuously In case borrow areas other than specified are selected, the size and shape of borrow pits will be decided by the Supervision Consultant Non cultivable lands - depth of borrow pits 1.0 m from the existing ground level - It will not be done continuously - Ridges of not less than 8m width at intervals not exceeding 300 m shall be left - Small drains shall be cut through the ridges, if necessary, to facilitate drainage. - Slopes shall not be steeper than I vertical to 4 horizontal. Borrow pits on the riverside: The borrow pit should be located not less than 15m from the toe of the bank, II/:,7 28 -l W Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 041 Si N( Impact Mitigation Measures Suggested distance depending on the magnitude and duration of flood to be withstood. Precautionary measures like the covering of vehicles will be taken to avoid spillage during transport of borrow materials The contractor shall evolve site-specific redevelopment plans for each borrow area location, which shall be implemented after the approval of the Supervision Consultant. 5 Quarries No new quarries will be opened, only licensed quarries will be used for which EMP already exists. Vehicles shall be covered to avoid spillage durng transportation of quarry materials 6 Contamnuation of soil from I The vehicles and equipment will be maintained and refueled in such a fashion fuel and lubricants that oil/diesel spillage does not contaminate the soil 2 The fuel storage and refueling sites shall be located away from drainage channels, major rivers, canals and other water bodies in use of Community 3. At the wash down and refueling areas, "oil interceptors" shall be provided 4 All spills and petroleum products shall be disposed off in accordance to the UPSPCB Guidelines 5 Fuel storage and fuelling areas will be located at least 500 m from all cross drainage structures and significant water bodies. 7. Water resources I Water bodies that are entirely lost will be created at the closest possible location Part filling of existing water bodies, shall be compensated by the excavation of an equal volume of earth from elsewhere of the water body in consultation with locals The probable locations of new ponds may be on Gramsabha land or at borrow areas if any located in the barren land 2 Wells, ponds, tube-wells, and bore wells lost due to the project will be replaced 3. Water quality monitoring of various surface water bodies have been proposed at several locations along the alignment during operational phase 4.The roadside water bodies are provided with oil and grease traps to prevent contamunation due to road surface runoff. 8. Drainage All cross-drainage structures have been designed to handle a 50-year peak flood level. All the existing flowing water bodies (rivers, streams, canals including irrigation canals) are provided with culverts to maintain the natural drainage of the area. At least one culvert of varying sizes (slab/box/pipes) per kilometer provided to take care of drainage requirements For roadway drainage, the side of the service road and in the median have provided with lined drains 9. Air quality I The asphalt plants, crushers and the batching plants will be sited at least I km in the downwind direction from the nearest human settlement 2. Vehicles delivering loose and fine materials like sand and fine aggregates shall be covered to reduce spills on haul roads 3. Water will be sprayed on earthworks, temporary haulages and detour roads, during and after compaction of the sub-grade at regular intervals to prevent dust generation 4 The hot mix plant will be fitted with cyclone/scrubber to control emtssions 5. It shall be ensured that the dust emussions from the crusher and vibrating screen at the stone quarries are within the emission standards of CPCB 6 To ensure the control of exhaust gas emissions from the various construction activities, the contractor shall take up the following mitigation measures 7. During the construction and operational period the air quality monitoring shall be carned out at least once a month 8 All construction vehicles, equipment and machinery will ensure that the pollution emussion levels conform to the SPCB norms 9. Contractor will take necessary consent from state pollution control board for location of hot mux plants. 10. Noise 1. The construction equipment will strictly conform to CPCB noise standards 2. Vehicles and equipments used shall be fitted with exhaust silencers and shall be checked regularly. 3. Noisy construction activities will be at least at a distance of lOOm from the - 29 - A lo. Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Si N( Impact Mitigation Measures Suggested hospitals, educational institutions etc and 150 m. from the nearest habitation. 4. Construction activity should be restricted between 6 0 AM - 9.0 PM near habitations 5. Workers shall be provided with earplugs. 6. Suitable noise barriers or double-glazing of windows will be provided to the noise sensitive receptors i.e., health centers, schools . 11. Flora The loss of trees will be compensated in accordance to the NHAI tree plantation strategy in the new alignment and in accordance to the principles laid out in the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 in the section along the existing NH2. 12. Fauna No permanent habitat of any wild fauna exists within the near vicinity. As a precautionary measure the construction workers will be educated to intimate the higher officer in charge if they encounter any wild fauna (adult, or juvenule or eggs) during construction work and the near by divisional forest office also will be informed. 13. Safety 1. Traffic management plan will be prepared and temporary diversion routes will be identified to divert traffic from construction locations at MDR, ODRs and State Highways 2. Signboards indicating construction sites on the road and flags shall be erected 3 All the signboards giving caution, barricades for diverting the traffic shall be as per MoRTH specifications 4 Fencing of Chain link type of height 1.8 m has been proposed to stop unnecessary entry of stray animals, local slow moving vehucles and pedestrians, service road have been provided for them. 14 Cultural property 1. All four temples cormng in RoW of bypass will be relocated in consultation with local people and Gram Panchayat 2. In case of discovery of invaluable article (fabrics, coins, artefacts, structures, or other archaeological relics) the construction works will be stopped and the Uttar Pradesh Archaeology Directorate will be intimated. 14. Environmental Enhancements The enhancement is planned for the partially affected ponds and newly located ponds. The ponds and possible locations for enhancements have been decided after receiving and considering the feedback obtained from the local residents during formal and informal consultations. The following Table lists out the ponds selected for enhancement in each corridor. Ponds Selected for Enhancements Along Allahabad Bypass Project Corridor SI.No. Chainage T ype Use of Pond 1. 175-176 Community Pond 2. 187-188 Community Pond 3. 187-188 Agricultural cum Communty Pond The proposed enhancement measures include: - Provision for structures, which increase the utility of the ponds such as platforms for washing clothes and utensils, bathing ghats etc. These will increase the acceptance of the proposed scheme by the local population - Provision for seating and landscaping to attract the road-users and local public to enjoy the surroundings. 7 47 v 1F lmsseelatiesDn-30 - Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 O Some of the temples and shrines will also be enhanced. The enhancement measures include: - Provision of seating around existing trees - Paving using bricks will also be provided - Appropriate plantation will be carried out where free space is available; and - Drainage in the vicinity of the structure will be improved by providing drains where needed. Landscaping: The environment along the proposed corridor shall be enhanced principally through plantation of various types of shade and ornamental trees along with shrubs. It has proposed that the NHAI will sign a MoU with the Forests Department for the tree cutting as well as compensatory plantation and maintenance for 3 years for the bypass portion along NH-2. The NHAI will deposit necessary money for felling of trees and compensatory plantation along NH-2. The plantation in median and compacted earth surface between service roads and main carnageway along need RoW will be done by respective contractors in consultation with state forest department. Later private operator will maintain the plantation. 15. Standalone Environmental Management Plans Standalone Environmental Management Plans have been prepared for each construction package and are intended to become a part of the contract documents so that implementation of all the environmental measures can be ensured. The implementation actions, responsibilities and timeframes have been specified for each component and adverse impact anticipated. 16. Monitoring Plans To ensure the effective implementation of the EMP, an environmental-monitoring programme has been designed. The monitonng plan specifies the parameters to be monitored; location of monitonng sites; frequency and duration of monitoring. The monitoring plan also specifies the applicable standards, implementation and supervising responsibilities. The duration and the pollution parameters, which will be monitored and the responsible institutional arrangements are described in the following table. -31- InassocIatIon with z~7 p#w Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 4_ ` L Enviro Project Stage MONITORING Institutional Responsibility nmenta I Compo nent Parameters Special guidance Standards Location (Chainage) Frequency Duration Implementation Supervision High volume sampler to be Air Wherever the 3, 8 hrs samples Continuous 24 Contractor through PIU. NHAI I SPM, RSPM, located 50m from the plant (Preventon contractor decides to per day, once in hours/or for 1 approved Engtneer SO2, N02, CO, m the downwmd direction and Control of locate the Hot mux every season for 3 full working monitoring agency HC Use method specified by Pollution) plant years day' CPCB for analysis Rules CPCB, 1994 Construction High volume sampler to be Air Stretch of the road 3 samples per day, Continuous 24 Contractor through PIU, NHAI I ConStrucgion located 40m downwind (Prevention where construction is once every month, hours/or for I approved Engineer Stage direction Use method and control of in progress once in every full working monitonng agency SPM, RSPM specified by CPCB for Pollution) season dunng day' analysis Rules CPCB construction Air 1994 penod Operation Stage SPM, RSPM, High volume sampler to be Air 2 locations twice a Continuos 24 S0 2, N02, CO, located at 15m from the (Prevention week for one hour/or for I Pb, HC edge of pavement. and Control of month in each full working PIU, NHAI NHAI Pollution ) season for three day Rules CPCB years 1994 . . .1994__. Constnuction PH, Grab sample collected Water quality 3 times a year Contractor through PIU, NHAI / Stage BOD, COD, from source and analyse as standards by dunng approved Engineer TDS, TSS, DO, per Standard Methods for CPCB/ IS construction monitonng agency Oil & Grease Exanmnation of Water and 105001991 penod at 2 and Pb Wastewater locations Water Quality Operation Stage PH BOD, COD, Grab sample collected Water quahty One Sample in Pre TDS, TSS, DO, from source and analyse as standrds by monsoon and one Pb, Oil and per Standard Methods for CPCB/ IS sample in post Grease Exanmination of Water and 10500 1991 monsoon for 3 NHAI NHAI Wastewater years Noise Construction Noise level on Free at I m from the Noise At equipment yards As and when Readings to be Contractor through PIU, NHAIU Levels Stage dB(A) scale equipment whose noise standards by necessary taken at 15 approved Engineer levels are being determuned CPCB seconds nmterval monutonng agency for IS minutes every hour and then averaged Noise level on Equivalent noise levels Noise As directed by the Once every four Readmigs to be Contractor through PIU, NHAL/ dB(A) scale using an integrated noise standards by Engineer months for 3 years taken at 15 approved Engineer level meter kept at a CPCB at 5 locations seconds interval monutonng agency distance of 15 from edge _ for 15 minutes - 32--9c7L OnISsWeDlagIon dthm Combined Execubve Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 of pavement. every hour and then averaged Operation Stage Noise levels on Equivalent noise levels Noise As directed by Once every Readmgs to be Contractor through PIU, NHAIY dB(A) scale using an mtegrated noise standards by Engineer alternate year until taken at 15 approved Engineer level meter kept at a CPCB 2006, then every seconds interval monitonng agency distance of 15 from edge thiurd year until for 15 minutes of pavement 2015 and then every hour and every 5h year until then averaged. 2025 at 5 locations Construction Monitonng of Sample of soil collected to Threshold for 3 locations once in a Max of 5 locations Contractor through PIU, NHAIY Stage Pb, Cr, Cd, oil acidified and analysed each year dunng for each of the 3 approved Engineer & grease using absorption contarmnant construction penod. years monitonng agency spectrophotometry set by IRIS database of USEPA until national standards are promulgated Operation Stage Monitonng of Sample of soil collected to Threshold for 3 locations once in As per the Contractor through PIU, NHAI Soil heavy metals, acidified and analysed each each years occurrence of such approved Engineer. oil and grease usmg absorption contammant incidents monitonng agency spectrophotometry set by IRIS database of USEPA until national standards are promulgated Road Pre- Morutoring of It should be ensured that As laid out in All along the comdor Dunng the felling Forest Department PIU,NHAI side construction felling of trees only those trees that are the Detailed of trees plantati stage marked are felled Design for the on protect Operation stage Survival rate of The number of trees The survival At locations of Every year for 3 NHAI NHAI trees success of surviving during each visit rate should be compensatory years revegetation should be compared with at least 70% plantation number of saplings below which planted re-plantation shall be done. iIF 7.z/w Inassociaton with Combined Executive Summary of EIAIEMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 17. Environmental Budget An indicative estimate of the cost component involved in mitigation of impacts, enhancements (through landscaping or specific enhancement measures for cultural properties and typical enhancements such as ponds) monitoring and evaluation of various components in pre-construction, construction and operation period as well as institutional strengthening of the NHAI has been worked out. A total of INR 84843401.5 has been allocated for the environmental management for Allahabad Bypass Project. A summary of the budget under different heads is presented below: Summary Budget for Environmental component of Allahabad Bypass Project SI. No. Budget Head Cost (HINR) 1. I Environmental Mitigation/ 74474240.0 Enhancement 2. Monitonng_ _.4019000.0 2. 1Tranitong 2310000.0 L 3__ Training ______2100.__ 4. Contingencies 4040161.5 Total 84843401.5 -34-- t On nasoch1@atfill Combined Executive Summary of EIAIEMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 O_ 1 18. Implementation Arrangement, Training and Reporting The implementation arrangement institutional strengthening, training needs and roles and responsibilities have been studied. Implementation Arrangement: Supervision consultants, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and contractors shall implement the project under the administrative supervision of the Project Implementation Unit (PIU) of NHAI. The existing organizational structure has been studied and an additional environmental manager is recommended for PIU under project director. The proposed organizational structure is shown below: Member n eMtanviOonfieet at World Bank ESpU unit at " EiCotmaOate Office Project Direoctor (Allahabad Bypass) ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...... ,Manager } aigF lManager Techniical niomn A (R&R) _ i (Pr~~~~~opoitidi...... (3) Supervision Consultants *0 Environmental Officer for each package ProDosed OrLyanization Structure Inassociatnn with 00* 'VJ Combined Executive Summary of EIANEMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Reporting: The stage-wise reporting system is detailed out in the following Table: Stage-wise reporting system Contractor ISupervision Consultant | Project Implementation World Bank (WB) L~L CntacorI ___ S)Teajm in PWD ______Form Item , Implementati4on 1 oversee/Field at No. and Reportingto Supervision Reporting to Compliance Report to Desired ______C I Supervis IUionAIWB Supervision CONSTRUCTION PHASE _ _ ._ nir _ _ _ Monitonng of T I j ___ Cl construction site Before start of Quarterly Quarterly Half yearly and construction work Target sheet for AreuedAfter Halfyerl C2 C2 PluinMonitonngPollution As re,quired Monitonng Monitoring Half yearly __ omong ,, ___-_. ____ l_____ l_____ Target sheet for I C3 monitonng of C3 Inlearnng wa IIHl I Monthly Monthly Quarterly Half yearly Yearly I bodNes ______OPFERATION PHASE Target sheet for _ I As per After TTwic dunn 01 Pollution l monitonng er auoncphasegft _____ Momtorng monitonng operation phase Target sheet for [fter 02 monitonng of uarterl After Twice dunng cleaning water Y monitonng operation phase bodies . . . ,_ ! Training: To ensure the success of the proposed implementation set up there is a need for training and skill upgradation. Looking into the potential requirements of each of the target groups, following training modules are suggested as part of ABP. Module 1: Environment Overview Module 2: Environmental Regulations and Acts Module 3: Pollution Module 4: Environmental Impact Assessment Module 5: Environmental Management Plan Module 6: Highways Projects and Environmental Issues Module 7: Environmental Issues in the Project Module 8: The Environmental Management Plan for Highway Project Module 9: Environmentally Sound Construction Management Module 10: Planning for Environmentally Sustainable Operation of Highways Module 11: Long Term Environmental Issues in Highway Management Additional Training A training program under ABP has been formulated taking into account the existing training program imparted under TNHP and the budgetary allocations. The detailed training program for the Allahabad Bypass project is described below: -36 - V-Or OYliii/,99r as acIaU llia 5i t Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Detailed Training Program S. Target group Subject(s) Method Time Frame No. All NHAI staff, Environmental Overview: Lectures 3 working days at Supervision Environmental Regulations, Highway related least 3 months Consultants' provisions of various Acts, EIA notifications, before the beginning Environmental process and methodology for EIA, EMIPs and their of the Specialists use implementation of the ABP3 2 All Managers (Env) Implementation of EMPs: Workshops Working days, one at NHAI Basic features of an EMP, Planning, designing and and Seminars month before the (HQ & PKU), execution of environmental mutigation and construction begins Supervision enhancement measures, monitoring and evaluation Consultants' of environmental conditions - during construction Environmental and operation Specialists 3 All Managers (Env.) Environmentally Sound Construction Practices: Seminars, I week, Just before at NHAI (HQ & Clean Highway construction technology , Lectures and the construction PIU ) Supervision alternatives materials and techniques for Highways, Site visits Consultants' Waste Management and muinmuzation in Environmental construction, pollution control devices and methods Specialists, for construction sites and equipment, Environmental Contractors' staff clauses in contract documents and their implications, Environmental monitoring during construction, Borrow Area and Construction Camp Management 4 All Managers (Env) Monitoring Environmental Performance during Lectures, 2 days During initial at NHAI Construction: Workshop phases of (HQ & PIU), Air, Water and Noise Monitoring requirement and and site visits construction Supervision techniques, Evaluation and Review of results, Consultants' Performance indicators and their applicability, Environmental corrective actions possible, reporting requirements Specialists and mechamsms 5 All Managers (Env.) Long-term Environmental Issues in Highway Workshops 3 days during at NHAI (HQ & Management: and seminars implementat-ion of PIU) Designing and implementing environmental surveys ABP3 for ambient air , noise, biological and water quality surveys, data storage, retrieval and analysis, contract documents and environmental clauses, Risk assessment and management, contingency planning and management, Highways as assets-management and value addition and hughway diseases The cost for the entire training programme will be Rs. 2.1 million, which has been apportioned to the budget of each construction package equally. 19. Resettlement Action Plan The basic objective while preparing the RAP has been to assess the negative social impacts of the proposed bypass and suggest socio-economic rehabilitation measures for maintaining and improving the quality of life of the project affected people. The consolidated RAP document details action to be taken and the responsibilities of various stakeholders for adequate resettlement and rehabilitation of the project-affected persons as per the R&R Policy of the NHAI (and the World Bank's Policy Guidelines). 407041 W Inassociation withw Combined Executive Summary of EiAIEMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 t J Support Principles For Different Categories Of Impacts Both Indian and World Bank guidelines related to resettlement aim at achieving the following over- all goals: Involuntary resettlement will be avoided or minimised wherever feasible, exploring all viable alternative project designs; and Where displacement is unavoidable, people losing assets, livelihood or other resources will be assisted in improving or at least regaining their former status of living at no cost to themselves. The Resettlement Action Plan for Allahabad bypass has been prepared on the similar guidelines of TNHP & GTRIP R&R policy of National Highways Authonty of India. The Allhabad bypass has been proposed on a new alignment traversing through predominantly agricultural area. It will, therefore have different impact scenario in comparison to TNHP & GTRIP Packages. Keeping this in view, necessary provisions have been made in RAP and the entitlement framework. The salient features of the RAP include: All the land acquisition would be done under NH Act, which provides compensation for properties to be acquired and support to be extended for meeting the replacement value of property. The persons affected by the project that do not own land but have economic interest or loose their livelihoods shall be assisted as per the entitlement framework. -Loss of land, including assets house or work place will be compensated. -Lost livelihood or income opportunities will be restored. -Collective impacts on groups, such as loss of community assets, common property resources and others will be restored. -All people above the age of 18 years have been defined as a separate family, and will be eligible for support if affected by the project. -The vulnerable group will comprise of those who are below poverty line of the concemed State. -It also covers the disadvantaged persons belonging to SC/ST disabled, handicapped, orphans, women headed household and destitute. All loses will be compensated and assistance will be provided at replacement value, irrespective of their legal standing in the project area. Assistance will be extended to the vulnerable families to enhance their earnings as well new economic opportunities World Bank Guidelines & R&R Policy Framework The population distnbution and social impact scenario of the project indicate that the OP 4.12 is applicable to this project. OP 4.12 deals with involuntary resettlement, which may cause long term hardship and impoverishment and which needs mitigation measures. The O.D. 4.20 pertaining to indigenous people is not applicable and cannot be triggered in this project, as there are only 3 ST families in the project area. Institutional Arrangement The Environmental and the Social Development Unit (ESDU) located at the NHAI headquarters will be responsible for overall monitoring and implementation of the RAP. The unit is presently headed by a GM and has one Deputy General Manager looking after Environment component besides Oat,< 3I -aaWL '?7 Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 - implementation of RAP. It is now proposed to have one additional manager, independently looking after R&R work, within ESDU. The NHAI's existing capacity includes a Project Implementation Unit (PIU) at Allahabad headed by a Project Director and one manager (technical and environment). For implementation of RAP for the Allahabad bypass Project, an R&R cell will be created within PIU headed by the Project Director. R&R COSTS AND BUDGET The R&R budget is indicative of outlays for the different expenditure categories and is calculated at the 2002 price index. The costs are based on the information collected through the socio-economic survey and census of the PAPs and from the Revenue Department and market value. These costs will be updated and adjusted to the inflation rate as the project continues and in respect of more specific information such as extra number of EPs during its implementation, unit cost will be updated if the findings of the district level committee on market value assessment justify it. Table Resettlement Action Plan Budget SI.No. ITEM Umit RArea Numbers Amoun A - COMPENSATION I Agriculture Land Ha 1000000 679.075 67,90,75,000 2 and along &Adjacent to Ha 1200000 5.4 64,80,000 existing NH-2 ______3 Acquisition of private Sq. m. 2700 20353 47 5,49,54,369 structures - Residential 4 Structures-CommercialA Sq. m 3000 4900 1,47,00,000 5 Transfer charges of Govt Ha 250 94 23,500 Land ______6 Acquisition of trees No. 2000 700 14,00,000 7 Acquisition of fruit bearing No 10000 350 35,00,000 trees 8 Tube wells No 100000 37 37,00,000 9 Wells No. 25000 44 11,00,000 Provision for vanation in area and rates of compensation, acquisition of unviable 10 esidual land and 11,32,81,405 grant/compensation for severance of land @ 15% of I to 4 of A (Rs 755209369) Sub Total 87,82,14,274 B - ASSISTANCE I Agriculture Land Ha 300000 679 075 20,37,22,500 2 Land along & Adjacent to Ha 360000 5.4 19,44,000 ~2existing NH-2Ha 3005419400 3 Acqwsition of private Sq. m. 810 20353 47 1,64,86,311 structures - Residential 4 Acquisition of Private Per Fanuly 900 4900 44,10,000 Structures-Commercial Inassociailon39d with Combined Executive Summary of ElAtEMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Subsistence Allowance to Per 5 commercial @2250/month for Fanuly 13500 4 + 3 94,500 six months Commercial loss: Assistance 6 to build new assets @ Per 13500 4 + 3 94,500 ninmum wages for six Family months Residential loss. Assistance to 7 build new assets @ minimum Per Family 13500 95 12,82,500 wages for six months 8 Fmancial Assistance to share ha. 30000 29 89 8,96,700 croppers (Informal) Subsistence Allowance to 9 sharecroppers @2250/month No 20250 84 17,01,000 for nine months 10 Economic rehabilitation grant Per Family 21000 195(158+37) 40,95,000 to Vulnerable Groups I I Rental allowance@ 800/- Per Family 4800 95 4,56,000 month for six month 12 Shifting Assistance Per Family 1000 95 95,000 13 Plots of 75 sq. m to residential Per Fanuly 75 X 200 24 3,60,000 vulnerable e 14 lots of 75 sq m. to Per Famuly 75 X 200 2 30,000 Residential IPs ______15 Plots of 25 sq. m to Per Fanuly 25 X 400 7 70,000 commercial property losers Transitional allowance for all 16 the displaced fauilies @ Per Family 20250 516 1,04,49,000 minimum wages for 9 months Transiuonal allowance for agnculture THs whose land 17 becomes unviable after Per Family 20250 2813 5,69,63,250 acquisition @ mnimum wages for 9 months Transitional allowance for 18 agriculture THs whose land is Per Family 6750 429 28,95,750 viable after acquisition @ mnimum wages for 3 months 19 Assistance for partally No 50.000 2 1.00,000 affected Kilns _ 20 Conservation of Temples No 100000 4 4,00,000 21 Relocation of Schools No. 125000 4 5,00,000 22 Relocation of Panchayat Ghar No 200000 3 6,00,000 23 Relocation of Police Station No 300000 1 3,00,000 Sub Total 30,79,46,011 C - TRAINING 1 Training to share croppers No. 1500 84 1,26,000 raining for Economic 2 ehabilitation to Agricultural No. 1500 158 2,37,000 vulnerable Titleholders 3 raining to commercial No. 1500 4+3 10,500 property losers 4 raining to staff and NGOs LS 5,00,000 Sub Total 8,73,500 40 - Combined Executive Summary of EIAJEMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 D - SUPPORT I NGO assistance for RAP LS 1,00,00,000 implementation 2 Evaluation Consultants LS 20,00,000 Capacity Building and 3 strengthening of Social and LS 10,00,000 R&R cells at PIU and ESDU Sub Total 1,30,00,000 E - Highway Related Disease LS 5,00,000 _ __ (HIV /A ID S)______Sub Total 5,00,000 120,05,33,785 Say RAND TOTAL Rs.120, 05.34 Lakhs Income Restoration The basic objective behind the income restoration activities and schemes is to restore the economic status of the affected persons enjoyed prior to the project commencement. There are two categories of the people i.e. those engaged in commercial activities and those engaged in agricultural activities including sharecroppers, who are eligible for income restoration. The Table below provides details of families eligible different modes of income restoration. This includes transition allowance to agricultural titleholders, economic rehabilitation grant to all the project displaced vulnerable families engaged in agriculture (including share croppers) and plots to establish commercial structures to families loosing commercial structures, training to all title holder vulnerable families engaged in agriculture and commercial activities, besides all the sharecroppers. Table Project Affected Families Eligible for Income Restoration Category Allahab Kaushamnbi Pratapgarh Total L Sh.C Com. L Sh.C Com L Sh.C Com. L Sh.C Com Economic Rehabilitation Grant 152 31 5 3 1 3 158 37 (ERG) ______Transitional allowance (T A) 2618 . . 149 - 46 - 2813 - (9 Months)___ Transitional allowance (T A (3 Months) 235 - 23 . 171 - 429 Subsistence Allowance (SA) 69 7 7 8 . 84 7 Training (Trig) 152 69 7 5 7 _ 1 8 _ 158 84 7 L- Legal holder Sh.C---Sharecropper, Com.--- Commercial Transitional Allowance equivalent to basic munimum wages for 9 months is paid to those titleholder PAPs whose agril. Land / commercial structure would be economically unviable after acquisition i.e. the residual plot is less than the MEH (district average holding). The TA for 3 months is paid to those titleholder PAPs who is losing their source of livelihood and after the acquisition the residual plot is still economically viable i.e. above MEH. - 41 - Inassoclation with 411-7009'r 7/w~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~6 Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Categories of Families Eligible for Training Under Income Restoration Project Displaced vulnerable Share croppers Commercial isstrct agrculture famulies SC BPL WHH SC BPL WHH Other SC BPL WHH Other Allahabad 77 50 25 24 7 38 l 7 Kausambi 1 4 - 3 - - 4 - Pratapgarh 1 2 1 - _ Total 79 54 25 29 8 _ 49 _ 7 The income restoration plan has been developed on the basis of the findings of the primary surveys and viewing the ground realities. In order to ensure that all PAPs are able to restore their livelihood, the activity will be entrusted to the NGO deployed in the project area, who would be responsible for developing the entire framework for implementing income restoration / economic rehabilitation of the PAPs. The guideline for developing the Plan & implementation of the economic rehabilitation schemes is provided below. -The skill analysis, training needs assessment and income restoration option analysis of the PAPs would be conducted by the NGOs at the time of verification. After the collection of the relevant data and analysis of the same the training program for the PAP would be decided based on the income generating strategies as discussed in the earlier section -The training program thus decided would be conveyed to the PAP during the public consultation meetings to be held subsequent to the verification and prior to the preparation of the micro-plans. -The training program of the individual PAP would be indicated in the micro-plan prepared by the NGOs. -After the approval of the micro-plans the trainers/ would be institutions / agencies engaged in providing training to the rural youth would be contacted for organizing the program on site. -The training groups compnsing of the PAPs with similar occupation / skills / education / geographic location would be constituted. -The trainers would be selected from the agencies or locally available skills for providing the training to the PAPs. -The location for providing the training would be selected which shall be convenient for both the PAPs and the trainer to attend and has the adequate training facilities. -After the successful completion of the training program the PAPs would be motivated to form economically functional self-help groups on the basis of their interests and occupation. -The NGOs shall coordinate to establish linkages with the existing markets for carrying out the commercial activities and the local / regional / rural / cooperative banks operating in the area for the credit facilities. -The NGOs shall be responsible for carrying out the coordination activities during the entire income restoration process. -The PIU - NHAI (Project Director & the CRROs) shall be responsible for monitoring the process and implementation of the IR activities. -The NGOs shall submit the report regarding the training programs organized, SHGs formulated, skills developed and linkages established, to the Project Director. Monitoring and Evaluatiof R&R activities The RAP implementation will be monitored both internally and externally .The ESDU - NHAI and the PIU shall be responsible for the internal monitoring of the progress of R&R activities and land acquisition process and progress. -42--= - limigilmEsseclation ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~14, Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports tor Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 An external agency shall be hired for the evaluation of the impact on socio-economic condition of the PAPs through two annual and one Final evaluation studies. The continuous internal monitoring will provide necessary guidelines to undertake appropnate actions needed to improve resettlement performance or respond to changing circumstances. Monitoring will be in terms of both quantitative and qualitative aspects. The duration of monitonng and evaluation of implementation R & R activities would be for thirty-six months. The RAP includes development of indicators and benchmarks for achievement of the objectives under the resettlement program, which can be categorized as follows: Process indicators, which includes project inputs, expenditures, staff deployments, etc.; Output indicators are results in terms of numbers of affected persons compensated and resettled, incomes restored, additional assistance provided etc; and Impact indicators related to the long-term effect of the project on people's living in the project- affected area. Land Acquisition Plan Schedule under NHAI -Act -Targets and Achievements As per condition in Civil Works Contracts, land free from all encumbrances is to be made available to the contractor in phased manner. As per schedule discussed in the meeting with project authorities, the time for the commencement of work is Oct. 2003. Accordingly Table 7.4 represents the land acquisition schedule for the project. This is based on discussions with managers (technical) NHAI, PIU, Allahabad. Acquisition Plan / Schedule For The Project S Distnct Tehsil No of Gazette Publication of 3A Objection Gazette Determination of Deposit of no Villages Notification U/S in Newspaper Heanng U/S Noufication U/S Compensation payment U/S 3A 3C 3D amount U/S 3G & 314& payment issue of award by of C A compensation No of villages No of villages No of villages No of villages No of villages (Datc) No of villages (Date) (Date) (Date) (Date) (Date) I Kaushambt Strathu I 1 (12-07-02) 1 (13-08-02) 1(25-09-02) 1(31-12-02) 1 (30-04-03) 1(31-05-03) Chayal 7 7 (12-07-02) 7 (13-08-02) 7 (25-09-02) 7 (31-12-02) 7 (30-04-03) 7 (31-05-03) 2 Pratapgarh Kunda 5 5 (25-07-02) 5 (10-09-02) 5 (30-10-02) 5 (30-04-03) 5 (30-06-03) 5 (30-08-03) 3 Allahabad Soraon 47 25 (25-07-02) 25 (10-09-02) 25 (20-10- 25 (15-03-03) 25 (30-04-03) 25 (30-06- 12 (04-09-02) 12 (07-10-02) 02) 12 (30-04-03) 12 (30-06-03) 03) 10 (09-10-02) 10 (31-10-02) 12 (i5--1 10 (15-06-03) 10 (15-08-03) 12 (31-08- 02) 03) 10 (15-12- 10 (30-09- 02) 03) Phoolpur 17 12 (25-07-02) 12 (10-09-02) 12 (20-10- 12 (15-03-03) 12 (30-04-03) 12 (30-06- 4 (04-09-02) 4 (07-10-02) 02) 4 (30-04-03) 4 (30-06-03) 03) 1 (09-10-02) 1 (31-10-02) 4 (15-11-02) 1 (15-06-03) 1 (15-08-03) 4 (31-08-03) I (15-12-02) 1 (30-09-03) Handia 33 23 (25-07-02) 23 (10-09-02) 23 (20-10- 23 (15-03-03) 23(30-04-03) 23 (30-06- 3 (04-09-02) 3 (07-10-02) 02) 3 (30-04-03) 3 (30-06-03) 03) 7 (09-10-02) 7 (31-10-02) 3 (15-11-02) 7 (15-06-03) 7 (15-08-03) 3 (31-08-03) 7 (15-12-02) 7 (30-09-03) In association wih, Combined Executive Summary of EIAIEMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Institutional Arrangement & Implementation Arrangement and Schedule The Environmental and the Social Development Unit (ESDU) located at the NHAI headquarters will be responsible for overall monitoring and implementation of the RAP. The unit is presently headed by a GM and has one Deputy General Manager looking after Environment component besides implementation of RAP. It is now proposed to have one additional manager, independently looking after R&R work, within ESDU. The NHAI's existing capacity includes a Project Implementation Unit (PIU) at Allahabad headed by a Project Director and one manager (technical and environment). For implementation of RAP for the Allahabad bypass Project, an R&R cell will be created within PIU headed by the Project Director. The detail implementation schedule has been prepared listing the chronological steps to have smooth implementation of resettlement & rehabilitation plan. The exercise of verification of PAPs and PDPs would be done by NGO on the site during implementation of RAP. The actual affected PAPs & PDPs will be issued necessary identity cards. RAP further describes the linkages between resettlement implementation and set of institutions for civil work for each component of the project. To facilitate the implementation, NGOs would be contracted and trained. The implementation of the project is likely to be completed in three years. To evaluate the impacts of the project activities on the socio-economic condition of the PAPs an independent Evaluation Consultants would be hired by NHAI. The implementation schedule has been prepared separately for the two construction packages ABP II & ABP III considering the number of villages in each package and the number of PAPs. The implementation schedule has been devised in a manner that the resettlement & rehabilitation of the PAPs is completed in implementation period of the project. The village wise list of PAPs is given in Annexure 8.4. The details of PAPs is as follows Package No. of viHlages _No. of PAPs Titleholders Non-titleholders Total ABP 1 48 2026 36 2062 ABP 2 62 2231 50 2281 Total 110 4257 86 4343 Training Plan for NHAI staff Target Constituents of the Target Topics for Training Mode of Duration Group Group Training I AU NHAI Managers (R&R) Regulations and Policies related to Land Acquisition Lecture Sessions 3 days CRROs, NGOs Land Acquisition; NHAI R&R Policy; Basic Features of the RAP, Planning for Relocation; Social Assessment Methods, Institutional An-angements Monitoring, Evaluation & Reporting, Documentation Requirements of the Project. 11 Atl NHAI Managers (R&R), Effective R&R Implementation Site visits and 2 days CRROs, NGOs, R&R Expenence shanng related to R&R Implementation, Seminars specialists of the Supervision Disbursement Mechanisms, Conflict Resolution Consultants Methods Supervision Consultants Contingency Management and Remedy, Rapid Appraisals; Documentation, Monitoring and Reporting. V-44 Combined Executive Summary of EIA/EMP/RAP Reports for Allahabad Bypass of NH-2 Target Constituents of the Target Topics for Training Mode of Duration Group Group Training Ill All NHAI Managers (R&R), Salient Features of NHAI R&R Policy* Workshop and 2 days on site CRROs, NGOs, R&R Entitlements as per the NHAI R&R Policy- Seminars workshop in Specialists of the supervision Implementation Arrangements, Roles and each package Consultants, Contractors, Responsibilities, Gnevance Redressal Cells and Representative of the PAPs Distnct Level Committees, Continued Community Consultations and Feedback, Labor Laws, Gender Issues, Health and Hygiene Issues, Environmental safeguards in the Project IV All NHAI Managers (R&R) Long Term Social Issues in the Highway Sector Group I day CRROs Standardization of Processes and Methods, Analytical Discussions and Tools, Social Assessment Methods, Monitonng and Lecture Sessions Evaluation, GIS and Relational Database Management, Concept of R&R Resource Centres. V Officials of ESDU/ Integration of Social and Environmental Issues and Specialized 3 weeks Environmental Cell of the Good Practices Trainig (site NHAI, PD, CRROs visits to similar projects) [a association45 - with