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研究資料（Research Material） Earthworm Fauna (Annelida

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「森林総合研究所研究報告」(Bulletin of FFPRI) Vol.10 No.4 (No.421) 281 - 289 December 2011 研究資料（Research material） Earthworm fauna (Annelida: Clitellata) of the Main Campus and Chiyoda Experimental Station of Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Masamichi T. ITO1)*, Masatoshi YASUDA2) and Fumio YAMADA3) Abstract Earthworm fauna of the main campus and Chiyoda Experimental Station of Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Ibaraki Prefecture, central Japan were surveyed in the first time. Five species of Family Megascolecidae were recorded. Among them, the taxonomic status of Amynthas tokioensis (Beddard, 1892) is discussed on the observation of the holotype. Key words : earthworm, Megascolecidae, Amynthas tokioensis, central Japan Introduction Kasumigaura-city, Ibaraki Prefecture, central Japan, 30 Earthworm fauna of the main campus (MC) and June 1999, M. Yasuda coll. Chiyoda Experimental Station (CES) of Forestry Earthworms were collected by hand from litter and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), and soil. Collected earthworms were carried to Ibaraki Prefecture, central Japan were surveyed for the laboratory alive within 3 hours. Worms were the first time in the course of soil ecotoxicological anesthetized and killed by ethanol and fixed in study conducted by FFPRI (Yamada and Yasuda formaldehyde within 10 hours. Fixed specimens were 2002; Kunisue et al. 2006). Five species of family then preserved in glass tubes with formaldehyde. Megasacolecidae Rosa, 1891 were identified. Four External and internal morphology of the specimen species of them are well-difined common species from was observed with stereoscopic microscopes (NIKON Japan. The other one is a species closely relating SMZ-10 and LEICA MZ7) measured with a caliper to both Amynthas tokioensis Beddard. 1892 and A. rule and illustrated with a camera lucida. irregularis Goto & Hatai, 1899. The definition and Classification system was according to Sims and intraspecific variability of A. irregularis were well Easton (1972). Terminology is mainly that of Sims and studied by Ohfuchi (1938, 1939). But taxonomic Easton (1972), but partly based on Ishizuka (1999a). relationship between these two species is still uncertain because of the insufficient description of Taxonomic Account A. tokioensis. We got the opportunity of observing Five species of Family Megascolecidae were the holotype specimen of A. tokioensis deposited in collected from 2 cites (MC and CES) of FFPRI, the Natural History Museum in London and studied Ibaraki Pref., central Japan. Specific names and on the taxonomic status of A. tokioensis based on the occurrence of these 5 species are summarized in Table observation of the holotype. 1. Materials and Methods Table 1. List of earthworm species from main campus (MC) Cite description and Chiyoda Experiment Station (CES), FFPRI, Ibaraki MC: Arboreum in the main campus of FFPRI, Pref., central Japan. alt. 25 m a.s.l., 36°0′26″N 140°7′59″E, Matsunosato, MC CES Amynthas agrestis (Goto & Hatai, 1899) ◯ ◯ Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki Prefecture, central Japan, 2 July Amynthas hilgendorfi (Michaelsen, 1892) ◯ ◯ 1999, M. Yasuda coll. Amynthas hupeiensis (Michaelsen, 1895) ◯ ー CES: Japanese cedar plantation in Chiyoda Amynthas tokioensis (Beddard, 1892) ー ◯ Experimental Station of FFPRI, near Mt. Tsukuba, Pheretima' aokii Ishizuka, 1999 incertae sedis ◯ ◯ alt. 40 m a.s.l., 36°11′7″N 140°12′57″E, Kamishizuku, ◯ : present, ー ： absent 原稿受付：平成 23 年 6 月 22 日 Received 22 June 2011 原稿受理：平成 23 年 8 月 3 日 Accepted 3 August 2011 1) Faculty of Economics, Surugadai University 2)Kyushu Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) 3) Department of Wildlife Biology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) * Faculty of Economics, Surugadai University, Azu, Hanno, Saitama, 357-8555 Japan; e-mail: [email protected] 282 ITO, M T. et al. Family Megascolecidae Rosa, 1891 6/7/8 (sometimes one pair or lacking). Two pairs of normal spermathecae. Proclitellar and postclitellar Amynthas agrestis (Goto & Hatai, 1899) papillar type genital markings with many small [Japanese name: Hatake-mimizu] papillae on the oval swelling. Number and location of these markings varying individual to individual. Many Perichaeta agrestis Goto and Hatai, 1899, p. 17, fig. 7. pieces of simple duct type small glands gathering Pheretima agrestis: Michaelsen, 1900, p. 313; Hatai, and connecting with each papilla of genital markings. 1931, p. 183, fig. 33; Ishizuka, 1999a, p. 57, Male pores not superficial in segment 18. Intestinal 2000, p. 11, fig. 16 caeca manicate. Amynthas agrestis: Sims and Easton, 1972, p. 235; Remarks. All specimens from MC and CES have no Easton, 1981, p. 51. male pores. But they are identified as A. hilgendorfi Metaphire agrestis: Blakemore, 2003, p. 243; 2004, p. because of having 1) 2 pairs of spermathecal pores in 160. furrows 6/7/8, 2) proclitellar and postclitellar papillar type genital markings with many small papillae on Material examined: 8 specimens from MC; 1 the oval swelling and 3) manicate intestinal caeca. specimen from CES. Blakemore (2003) reassigned this species to genus Diagnosis. Spermathecal pores in furrows 5/6/7/8. Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972 without detailed Three pairs of spermathecae. Proclitellar external observation. It should be attributed to genus Amynthas markings of colored patch type in segments 6-8 because of having no copuratory pouch (Ishizuka, sometimes absent or varying in their location. Male 2001) following Easton (1981). pores in segment 18. Intestinal caeca manicate. Remarks. Specimens from MC and CES lack male Amynthas hupeiensis (Michaelsen, 1895) pores. But they are identified as A. agrestis becouse [Japanese name; Kuso-mimizu after Hatai (1931)] of having 1) colored patch type external markings in segment 7 without genital gland, 2) 3 pairs of Perichaeta hupeiensis Michaelsen, 1895, p. 35, figs. spermathecal pores in furrows 5/6/7/8 and 3) manicate 11-12. intestinal caeca. Blakemore (2003) reassigned this Pheretima hupeiensis: Michaelsen, 1900, p. 273, species to genus Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972 Hatai, 1931, p. 188, fig. 39; Ishizuka, 1999a, p. without showing detailed observation of morphology. 60; 2001, p. 11, fig. 22. Ishizuka’ s (2001) illustration indicates this species Amynthas hupeiensis: Sims and Easton, 1972, p. 237; has no copulatory pouch. Therefore, it should be Easton, 1981, p. 53; Blakemore, 2003, p. 243; attributed to genus Amynthas. 2004, p. 159. Amynthas hilgendorfi (Michaelsen, 1892) Material examined: 1 specimen from MC. [Japanese name: Hitotsumon-mimizu] Diagnosis. Colour greenish brown. Three pairs of spermathecal pores in furrows 6/7/8/9. Each Perichaeta hilgendorfi Michaelsen, 1892, p. 235, fig. paired pores located closely. Three pairs of slender 15. spermathecae in segments 7-9 with no nephridia. Pheretima hilgendorfi: Michaelsen, 1900, p. 272; Male pores superficial in segment 18. Postclitellar Hatai, 1931, p. 187, fig. 38; Ishizuka, 1999a, p. genital markings of sucker-type associated with male 60, 2001, p. 11, fig. 5 pores located in segments 17-19. Grandular mass type Amynthas hilgendorfi: Sims and Easton, 1972, p. 237; genital glands behind the genital markings. Intestinal Easton, 1981, p. 51. caeca simple. Metaphire holgendorfi: Blakemore, 2003, p. 243; Remarks. Only one specimen from MC lacks 2004, p. 160. spermathecae though it has 3 pairs of spermathecal pores. But it is identified as A. hupeiensis because of having 1) spermathecal pores in furrows 6/7/8/9, Material examined: 10 specimens from MC; 4 2) postclitellar genital markings with grandular mass specimens from CES. type genital glands in segments 17-19, and 3) simple Diagnosis. Two pairs of spermathecal pore in furrows intestinal caeca. 森林総合研究所研究報告 第 10 巻 4 号 , 2011 Earthworm fauna (Annelida: Clitellata) of the Main Campus and Chiyoda 283 Experimental Station of Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Amynthas tokioensis (Beddard, 1892) Material examined. 15 specimens from CES (Fig. 2). [Japanese name; Fukisoku-mimizu] Holotype (1904.10.5.166) in spirit (Fig. 1); Japan, coll. (Figs. 1-2, Table 2) Mr. Masataka Rokugo, deposited in Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, London, UK. Perichaeta tokioensis Beddard, 1892, p. 762; 1895, p. The condition of specimen is sufficient for detailed 413. observation. However, septa, intestine and intestinal Amyntas tokioensis: Beddard, 1900, p. 633. caeca became very weak and difficult to observe. Pheretima tokioensis: Michaelsen, 1900, p. 309; The type locality ‘Tokyo (?)’ is only supposed by the Ishizuka, 1999a, p. 66; Nakamura, 1999, p. 28. specific name ‘tokioensis’ . No mention about the type Amynthas tokioensis: Sims and Easton, 1972, p. 237; locality in the original description nor the label of Easton, 1981, p. 51; Blakemore, 2003, p. 243; holotype. 2004, p. 160; 2007, p.96, fig. 4. Perichaeta schizopora Goto and Hatai, 1898, p. 76, Diagnosis. Two pairs of spermathecal pores in furrows fig. 15. 6/7/8. Genital markings papillae type, presetal and Pheretima schizopora: Michaelsen, 1900, p. 317; situated near the spermathecal pores on segment 7-8 Nakamura, p. 23. with genital glands of simple duct. Male pores in small Metaphire schizopora: Sims and Easton, 1972, p. 239. depressions superficial in segment 18. Some genital Amynthas schizopora: Easton, 1981, p. 51. markings associated with male pores. Intestinal caeca Perichaeta irregularis Goto and Hatai, 1899, p. 13. manicate. Pheretima irregularis: Michaelsen, 1900, p. 276; Ohfuchi, 1938,
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  • First Report of Amynthas Carnosus (Goto & Hatai

    First Report of Amynthas Carnosus (Goto & Hatai

    Zootaxa 4111 (3): 297–300 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Correspondence ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4111.3.7 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1D0CC2DC-5020-47DD-BB0D-306C5D947027 First report of Amynthas carnosus (Goto & Hatai, 1899) (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) in the Western Hemisphere ROBERTO CARRERA-MARTÍNEZ1 & BRUCE A. SNYDER2,3 1Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus. E-mail: [email protected] 2116 Ackert Hall, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] The earthworm fauna of North America is still greatly unknown, with undescribed native species and new records of invasive species continually being discovered. The most recent checklists are difficult to reconcile, since they vary in their geographic coverage and taxonomy. Reynolds & Wetzel (2012) state that North America (including all of Mexico, some of the Caribbean, and Hawaii) is home for 256 species of earthworms, from which 188 are considered native or endemic and 68 are peregrine, exotic, and invasive species. Blakemore (2008) listed North America north of Mexico as having 183 earthworm species, of which 59 species are exotic. One Megascolecidae genus, Amynthas, is mostly located in the warmer subtropical and tropical regions of the world, with a few species that are able to survive the winter in the temperate zones of North America (Edwards & Bohlen 1995; Görres et al. 2014). Here we report for the first time the occurrence of Amynthas carnosus (Goto & Hatai, 1899) in the United States.