W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 5-2014 "Infallible Proofs": Math, Knowledge, and Religion in the Medieval Islamicate World Deborah Wood College of William and Mary Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Wood, Deborah, ""Infallible Proofs": Math, Knowledge, and Religion in the Medieval Islamicate World" (2014). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 73. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/73 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact
[email protected]. I | Introduction Communities in different times and places in the world have given varying weight to forms of knowledge and the variety of processes by which knowledge is believed to be created. Bound to each society’s unique culture, these epistemological hierarchies are constantly in flux: Social and religious factors, for example, shaped such hierarchies by emphasizing some processes of creating knowledge (“ways of knowing”) over others, while those ways of knowing could in turn influence the society in which they were performed. In this study, I examine the changing status of mathematics in the epistemological hierarchy of the medieval Islamicate world, especially in terms of its relationship to other forms of natural and secular knowledge.1 Part of my research included a quantitative study, detailed in Appendix A, which suggested two trends: (1) Overall, the field of pure mathematics drew more Muslim than non-Muslim scholars, and (2) this trend was not consistent across time; rather, interest spiked in the late ninth to early tenth century and remained high through the rest of the ‘Abbasid period.