Vol 8. No. 2 Issue 2 – August, 2015 African Journal of Computing & ICT © 2015 Afr J Comp & ICT – All Rights Reserved - ISSN 2006-1781 www.ajocict.net Green Cloud Operating System (GCOS) Kamran Shaukat, Tayyab Tariq, Adil Junaid & Kashif Mehmood Department of Information Technology University of the Punjab Jhelum Campus, Jhelum, Pakistan Kamran, bcs.f12.01, bcs.f12.14, [email protected] ABSTRACT Computers are used in almost every field of our life. We use computer to perform our large amount of tasks daily. On one hand computer is making our life easier but on the other hand it is also effecting our environment. Computers produce large amount of heat and consume a lot of electricity these things effect our environment badly. Many green computing techniques have been introduced that help us to make our computers environment friendly. But there are very few techniques introduced to make our software environment friendly. Cloud computing is the process of using a network of remote servers presented on the internet to manage, store and process data rather than on a local server or personal computer. Green computing is the ecologically accountable and eco-friendly use of computers and their resources. In this research paper we will discuss those techniques and introduce a technique that will help to make our operating system environment friendly using concept of cloud computing. Keywords —Cloud computing; green computing;operating System; Eco-Friendly African Journal of Computing & ICT Reference Format: Kamran Shaukat, Tayyab Tariq, Adil Junaid & Kashif Mehmood (2015 Green Cloud Operating System (GCOS). Afr J. of Comp & ICTs. Vol 8, No. 2, Issue 2. Pp 71-78.. 1. INTRODUCTION Information technology is back born of modern world. System software are those software which provide user a Computers are used everywhere in every field of life, like in platform to use application software and enable user to education, medical, business etc. we can also say that Communicate with computer hardware and manage computer. advancement in technology and in modern world is all about of Like operating system is a system software. [3] computer. Computer is not a simple machine, it is highly complex calculator it can perform millions of calculations accurately at very high speed. Computer makes our everyday business and educational tasks very easy. Major advantage of computer is in medical field where computer is used to diagnose and treat many deadliest diseases. Modern society completely rely on computers they need computers for their safety, for their business, for their education, for entertainment, for communication. [1] Computer perform its every task by using some sort of software or collection of software. Software is a collection of Figure 1. Types of Software computer instructions that tells computer how to perform certain job [18]. We daily use some kind of computer software Operating system is the first program which we see when we like MS-office, web browser, games etc. [2] start our computer, it is loaded into the computer by boot program. It provide a platform to user to communicate with Software are of two types: computer and manage its operations and application programs 1) Application software. to perform every task. There are many types of operating 2) System software. systems like windows, Linux, android etc. each with its own features. [4]. Operating system performs different type of Application software are those software which are designed to functions, major ones are shown in figure below.[5] enable users to perform their daily tasks. Those tasks for which user have bought computer. Like calculations, office work etc. 71 Vol 8. No. 2 Issue 2 – August, 2015 African Journal of Computing & ICT © 2015 Afr J Comp & ICT – All Rights Reserved - ISSN 2006-1781 www.ajocict.net Linux servers. Moreover, Springboard investigation newly testified that carbon impression of a mid-size four-wheel- drive automobile is similar to an ordinary -size server. There should be a method which should emphasize on to decrease the power intake in desktops. As far as a solo Personal Computer is concerned, it might not save abundant power but on an extensive measure, it saves a vast volume of power. Our research work would also be prolonged to mobile Operating systems such as Android operating systems and Apple IOS, so that charging your mobile phone becomes a weekly routine, instead of a daily business. Previously a huge amount of research has been done by Figure 2. Functions of Operating System numerous researchers working on little power consuming hardware but minor work has been done in the field of creating low power operating system and low power green software’s. Computers and computer software’s make our lives very easy but somehow they are also responsible for causing harmful Concept of Green Software: problems to our environment like computer manufacturing Software can also help in making computer systems process and computer waste is harmful for natural resources environment friendly. Software can play an important role in and our environment. It is polluting our environment day by reducing power consumed by computers and mobile phones. day. When computer waste is discarded in landfills, it release There are some techniques that can be used to make green toxic materials and potentially dangerous levels of lead, software’s and operating systems. mercury, and flame retardants. These materials are very harmful for living things and environment. [6] Software developers should have a strong knowledge of CPU internal structure and working so that they can make energy Similarly today’s complex and high performance software are efficient software’s.it is understood that if CPU is not keenly also harmful for environment because for performing complex processing information or performing calculations then it tasks these high performance software consume a lot of should be consuming low power [7][22]. CPU have two states, electricity which produce large amount of heat, that harms C-state and P-state. C-state is that state in which CPU is environment badly. High performance software also consumes sleeping and P-state or performance state is defined as too much money because they need large storage capacity and frequency at which CPU processor is running. If we make electricity. software’s that can efficiently switch between C-state and P- state then we can save energy consumed by software’s. [7] Now-a-days many operating systems are being used, each with Deeper the CPU sleep more amount of energy we can save. its own unique features. These highly featured operating systems also consume a lot of electricity. Many researches Energy Saving Software Techniques: have been take place to reduce the harmful effects of Computation efficiency: computation efficiency means computers and software’s on environment. This concept of getting the work done quickly, if software developer can make making computers environment friendly is called green software’s that can do their work or task quickly then they can computing. There are a lot of methods have been introduced in not only save time but also energy. Faster the performance of past years which can help us to decompose computer waste software the more amount of energy we can save. I.e. if properly but we do not have much methods that help us to software complete workload quickly faster it can come in idle make environment friendly software or how to make already or sleep state. We can achieve computation efficiency by existing software’s environment friendly. In this research designing efficient algorithms, multi-threading. [9][7] paper we will focus on some techniques to make computer software’s, especially operating system environment friendly. Data efficiency: data efficiency can make software’s green by managing and minimizing data movement efficiently. We can 2. LITERATURE REVIEW achieve data efficiency by designing. Software algorithms that minimize data movement, memory hierarchies that keep data The power usage from the past has been extremely amplified close to processing elements, application software that by the everyday increase in the quantity of systems. Founded efficiently uses cache memories [7][22]. on dissimilar functionalities, an amount of operating system connected services have been made, but now there lies a bigger requirement of a little power consuming operating system. About 225 Watts of power is swallowed by a classic Linux server, which means that nearly 5 million tons of carbon discharges yearly, is blamable on the millions of operational 72 Vol 8. No. 2 Issue 2 – August, 2015 African Journal of Computing & ICT © 2015 Afr J Comp & ICT – All Rights Reserved - ISSN 2006-1781 www.ajocict.net Figure 3. Software Energy Efficiency Context awareness: To save energy through software’s IBM introduced Big Green edge in August 2007, with a another technique is called context awareness. It was mission to assistance its customers incorporate Linux into an introduced by Schilit in 1994. Context awareness means to enterprise to decrease charges and energy ingesting by make software that can reply to deviations in the environment. Structuring chiller data Hubs [21]. It require sensors to detect environment and then respond to A slice of Plan Big Green is Big Green Linux, which is that behavior.[10] Like new smartphones have sensor that alternative edge to decrease energy consumption both for its automatically dim display when battery is low. Many notebook data hubs and clients. Intel is another organization which is computers also have this feature that saves energy when working separately from IBM, in the field of green revolutions battery is low. Some software may write cached data to flash in the computer science. [8] [21]. when the battery is getting critically low [22]. 3. CONCEPT OF CLOUD COMPUTING. Idle efficiency: idle efficiency means that software has sense when to work and when to sleep.