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Mesoamerican Voices Cambridge University Press 0521812798 - Mesoamerican Voices: Native-Language Writings from Colonial Mexico, Oaxaca, Yucatan, and Guatemala Edited by Matthew Restall, Lisa Sousa and Kevin Terraciano Frontmatter More information MESOAMERICAN VOICES Mesoamerican Voices presents a collection of indigenous-language writings from the colonial period, translated into English. The texts were written from the sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries by Nahuas from central Mexico, Mixtecs from Oaxaca, Mayas from Yucatan, andother groups from Mexico andGuatemala. The volume gives college teachers andstudentsaccess to important new sources for the history of Latin America andNative Americans. It is the first collection to present the translatedwritings of so many native groups andto address such a wide variety of topics, including conquest, government, land, household, society, gender, religion, writing, law, crime, and morality. Matthew Restall is Professor of Latin American History at Pennsylvania State University. He is the author of more than thirty articles andessays and seven books, including The Maya World (1997) and Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest (2003). Lisa Sousa is Assistant Professor of Latin American History at Occidental College in Los Angeles. She has coedited and translated The Story of Guadalupe (1998), with James Lockhart andStaffordPoole, andis completing a book manuscript on indigenous culture and gender in colonial Mexico. Kevin Terraciano is Associate Professor of Latin American History at the University of California, Los Angeles. He studies the Nahuatl, Mixtec, and Zapotec languages of central andsouthern Mexico andis the author of many publishedwritings on colonial Mexico, including The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca (2001). © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521812798 - Mesoamerican Voices: Native-Language Writings from Colonial Mexico, Oaxaca, Yucatan, and Guatemala Edited by Matthew Restall, Lisa Sousa and Kevin Terraciano Frontmatter More information MESOAMERICAN VOICES Native-Language Writings from Colonial Mexico, Oaxaca, Yucatan, andGuatemala Edited by MATTHEW RESTALL Pennsylvania State University LISA SOUSA Occidental College KEVIN TERRACIANO University of California, Los Angeles © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521812798 - Mesoamerican Voices: Native-Language Writings from Colonial Mexico, Oaxaca, Yucatan, and Guatemala Edited by Matthew Restall, Lisa Sousa and Kevin Terraciano Frontmatter More information CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sao˜ Paulo Cambridge University Press 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521812795 C Matthew Restall, Lisa Sousa, Kevin Terraciano 2005 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception andto the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published2005 Printedin the UnitedStates of America A catalog record for this publication is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Mesoamerican voices : Native-Language Writings from Colonial Mexico, Oaxaca, Yucatan, andGuatemala / editedbyMatthew Restall, Lisa Sousa, Kevin Terraciano. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-521-81279-5 (hardback) ISBN-10: 0-521-81279-8 (hardback) ISBN-13: 978-0-521-01221-8 (pbk.) ISBN-10: 0-521-01221-X (pbk.) 1. Indian literature – Mexico – History and criticism. 2. Indian literature – Guatemala – History andcriticism. 3. Nahuatl literature. 4. Maya literature. I. Restall, Matthew, 1964– II. Sousa, Lisa, 1962– III. Terraciano, Kevin, 1962– IV. Title. PM3055.M47 2005 897 .0972 – dc22 2005012969 ISBN-13 978-0-521-81279-5 hardback ISBN-10 0-521-81279-8 hardback ISBN-13 978-0-521-01221-8 paperback ISBN-10 0-521-01221-X paperback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party Internet Web sites referred to in this publication anddoesnot guarantee that any content on such Web sites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521812798 - Mesoamerican Voices: Native-Language Writings from Colonial Mexico, Oaxaca, Yucatan, and Guatemala Edited by Matthew Restall, Lisa Sousa and Kevin Terraciano Frontmatter More information CONTENTS List of Documents and Images page vii Preface and Acknowledgments xi PART ONE 1 Mesoamericans andSpaniardsin the Sixteenth Century 3 2 Literacy in Colonial Mesoamerica 11 PART TWO 3 Views of the Conquest 23 4 Political Life 62 5 HouseholdandLand 94 6 Society andGender 126 7 Crime andPunishment 158 8 Religious Life 174 9 Rhetoric andMoral Philosophy 202 Glossary 227 References and Readings 231 Index 239 v © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521812798 - Mesoamerican Voices: Native-Language Writings from Colonial Mexico, Oaxaca, Yucatan, and Guatemala Edited by Matthew Restall, Lisa Sousa and Kevin Terraciano Frontmatter More information DOCUMENTS AND IMAGES Map of colonial Mesoamerica page xiv Some major Nahua altepetl in andaroundthe Valley of Mexico 24 Chapter 3. Views ofthe Conquest 3.1 A Nahuatl Account of the Conquest of Mexico in Book XII of the Florentine Codex,andSelectedIllustrations 25 3.2 Excerpt from the Nahuatl Annals of Tlatelolco 42 3.3 Images from the Lienzo of Tlaxcala 44 3.4 The Nahuatl Title of Mexicapan, Oaxaca 47 3.5 The Mixtec Title of Chapultepec, Oaxaca, andan Accompanying Map 51 3.6 The Title of Motul, a Pech Maya Account of the Conquest 54 3.7 A Chontal Maya Account of the Conquest, Excerptedfrom the Title of Acalan-Tixchel, 1612 56 Chapter 4. Political Life 4.1 Letter from the Nahua Cabildo of Tenochtitlan to the King of Spain, 1554 64 4.2 Letter from the Nahua Nobles of Xochimilco to the King of Spain, 1563 66 4.3 Debate Over the Removal of the Governor from the Nahua Cabildo of Tlaxcala, 1556 71 4.4 Complaints Against Congregation from the Nahua Cabildo of Tlaxcala, 1560 75 4.5–4.6 Petitions from the Maya Cabildos of Tahnab and Dzaptun to Alleviate Colonial Burdens, 1605 77 4.7 Petition from the Maya Cabildo of Xcupilcacab to Replace Their Town Governor, 1812 80 4.8 Mixtec Palace Possession Ceremony, Teposcolula, 1569, a Photo of the Palace in 2003, andan Image of the Mixtec Yuhuitayu from the Codex Becker II 81 vii © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521812798 - Mesoamerican Voices: Native-Language Writings from Colonial Mexico, Oaxaca, Yucatan, and Guatemala Edited by Matthew Restall, Lisa Sousa and Kevin Terraciano Frontmatter More information viii • DOCUMENTS AND IMAGES 4.9 Excerpt from the Mixtec Codex Sierra, or the Community Accounts of Santa Catalina Texupa, 1550–1564, and Reproductions of Two Pages from the Codex 86 Chapter 5. Household and Land 5.1 Portion of a Nahuatl Census from the Cuernavaca Region, c. 1540 96 5.2 Nahuatl Grant of a House Site in San Miguel Tocuillan, 1583 100 5.3 Concerns Over the Sale of Nahua Nobles’ Lands, Tlaxcala, 1552 102 5.4 Zapotec LandTransfer from Zimatlan, 1565 103 5.5 Nahuatl Testament of Dona˜ Mar´ıa Juarez,´ Culhuacan, 1577 104 5.6 Last Will andTestament andInventory of Goodsand Properties of the Mixtec Lordof Yanhuitlan, Don Gabriel de Guzman,´ 1591 106 5.7–5.9 Maya Testaments of Juan de la Cruz Coba and Mateo Canche, andthe Settling by the Cabildoof the Estate of Josef Cab, Ixil, 1766 113 5.10 Testament in Kekch´ı Maya of Magdalena Hernandez,´ Coban,´ 1583 116 5.11 Acknowledgment of a Maya Land Sale, Ebtun, 1769 117 5.12 Mixtec Litigation over Landin Yanhuitlan, 1681 119 Chapter 6. Society and Gender 6.1 Assessing the Maize Tribute in the Nahua Cabildo of Tlaxcala, 1548 129 6.2 Debate in the Nahua Cabildo of Tlaxcala on the Cultivation andSale of Cochineal, 1553 130 6.3 Privileges andAssets of Don Juan deGuzm an,´ Nahua Governor of Coyoacan, c.1550 133 6.4 Nahuatl Testament of Ana Juana, Culhuacan, 1580 137 6.5 Mixtec Testament of Don Geronimo´ Garc´ıa y Guzman,´ Teposcolula, 1672 139 6.6 Mixtec Testament of Dona˜ Lazara´ de Guzman,´ Teposcolula, 1691 141 6.7 Mixtec Testament of Luc´ıa Hernandez´ Nuquihui,˜ Tepsocolula, 1633 143 6.8 Maya Testament of Juan Cutz, Motul, 1762 146 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 0521812798 - Mesoamerican Voices: Native-Language Writings from Colonial Mexico, Oaxaca, Yucatan, and Guatemala Edited by Matthew Restall, Lisa Sousa and Kevin Terraciano Frontmatter More information DOCUMENTS AND IMAGES • ix 6.9 Lawsuit by Diego Pox Against Don Jorge Xiu, Maya Governor of Dzan, Over AllegedJudicialandSexual Misconduct, c. 1580 148 6.10 Excerpts from Chimalpahin’s Diario, 1604–1614 150 Chapter 7. Crime and Punishment 7.1 Nahuatl Petition of Simon´ de Santiago Before the Cabildo, 1584 160 7.2 Mixtec Testimonies Recorded After an Attempted Homicide in Chalcatongo, 1581 161 7.3 A Mixtec Murder Note from Yanhuitlan, 1684 163 7.4 Petition of a Nahua Family Concerning the Death of a Son, Malinalco, 1641 165 7.5 Maya Testimony by the Cabildo of San Roman´ Campeche on the AllegedRape of a Maya Girl by a Spaniard,1766 165 7.6 Maya Petition of Complaint Against a Spanish Priest by the Towns of Oxtzucon, Peto, Tahdziu, Tetzal, and Tixmeuac, 1589 167 7.7 Anonymous Petition of Complaint Against Four
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