Phylogenetic Analysis of the Sonneratiaceae and Its Relationship to Lythraceae Based on ITS Sequences of Nrdna
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A CONTRIBUTION TO THE EMBRYOLOGY OF SONNERATIACEAE. BY JILLELLA VENKATESWARLU. (From the Department of Botany, Benares Hi~,du U~iz,ersity, Benares.) Received April 14, 1937. (Communicated by iV[r. A. C. Joshi, M.sc.) SONNERATIACEm iS a small family of the Myrtifloreae. According to Engler and Prantl (1898, 1908), it includes four genera, Sonneratia, Duabanga, Xenodendron and Crypteronia, comprising about a dozen species. All these are found in the tropics, the monotypic genus Xenodendron being confin6d to New Guinea and the rest being mostly restricted to the Indo-Malayan region. Hutchinson (1926) in his recent system of classification has sepa- rated the genus Crypteronia into a separate family Crypteroniacem and the family Sonneratiaeem as defined by him includes only three genera. Bc:ntham a!~d I~ooker (1%2-67), on the other hand, include these genera in the family Lythracem, to which there is little doubt that these are very closely related. As the writer had been recently studying the embryology of the family Lythracem (Joshi and Venkateswarln, 1935 a, 1935 b, 1935 c, 1936), it was thought desirable to study the family Sonneratiacem also from the comparative point of view and to see how far its embryological features agree with those of the Lythracem. The previous work on this family is limited to an investigation on Sonneratia apetala Linn. by Karsten (1891). tIis observations, however, are very fragmentary and also partly erroneous as pointed out by me in preliminary notes (Venkateswarlu, 1936a, 1936b) relating to the plants described in the present paper. The present paper deals with the two chief genera of the family, namely, Duabanga and Sonneratia. -
Coastal Blue Carbon
COASTAL BLUE CARBON methods for assessing carbon stocks and emissions factors in mangroves, tidal salt marshes, and seagrass meadows Coordinators of the International Blue Carbon Initiative CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL Conservation International (CI) builds upon a strong foundation of science, partnership and field demonstration, CI empowers societies to responsibly and sustainably care for nature, our global biodiversity, for the long term well-being of people. For more information, visit www.conservation.org IOC-UNESCO UNESCO’s Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) promotes international cooperation and coordinates programs in marine research, services, observation systems, hazard mitigation, and capacity development in order to understand and effectively manage the resources of the ocean and coastal areas. For more information, visit www.ioc.unesco.org IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) helps the world find pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment and development challenges. IUCN’s work focuses on valuing and conserving nature, ensuring effective and equitable governance of its use, and deploying nature-based solutions to global challenges in climate, food and development. For more information, visit www.iucn.org FRONT COVER: © Keith A. EllenbOgen; bACK COVER: © Trond Larsen, CI COASTAL BLUE CARBON methods for assessing carbon stocks and emissions factors in mangroves, tidal salt marshes, and seagrass meadows EDITORS Jennifer howard – Conservation International Sarah hoyt – duke University Kirsten Isensee – Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO Emily Pidgeon – Conservation International Maciej Telszewski – Institute of Oceanology of Polish Academy of Sciences LEAD AUTHORS James Fourqurean – Florida International University beverly Johnson – bates College J. boone Kauffman – Oregon State University hilary Kennedy – University of bangor Catherine lovelock – University of Queensland J. -
Bioactivities of Sonneratia Caseolaris (Linn) Leaf and Stem Using Different Solvent Systems
Research Article ISSN: 2574 -1241 DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2020.31.005175 Bioactivities of Sonneratia Caseolaris (Linn) Leaf and Stem Using Different Solvent Systems Bishwajit Bokshi1*, Md Nazmul Hasan Zilani2, Hemayet Hossain3, Md Iqbal Ahmed1, Moham- mad Anisuzzman1, Nripendra Nath Biswas1 and Samir Kumar Sadhu1 1Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh 2Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore-7408, Bangladesh 3BCSIR Laboratories & IFST, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh *Corresponding author: Bishwajit Bokshi, Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received: November 05, 2020 This study was aimed to report the antioxidant, cytotoxic and antibacterial potentials Published: November 16, 2020 of different fractions of crude ethanol extract of leaf and stem of Sonneratia caseolaris Linn. The liquid-liquid fractionation was conducted among Ethyl Acetate, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride and was designated as EAFS, CFS, CTFS for stem and EAFL, CFL, Citation: Bishwajit Bokshi, Md Nazmul CTFL for leaf respectively. Antioxidant activity of individual fraction was then evaluated Hasan Zilani, Hemayet Hossain, Md Iqbal by DPPH free radical scavenging assay; whereas cytotoxic activity was investigated by Ahmed, Mohammad Anisuzzman, et al., Bi- brine shrimp lethality assay and antibacterial activity by disk diffusion method. In antioxidant assay, the EAFL was found to be more potent (IC 12.0±0.12µg/ml) whereas oactivities of Sonneratia Caseolaris (Linn) 50 in cytotoxicity test both the EAFS and CTFL demonstrated lowest LC (25.0±0.05 and Leaf and Stem Using Different Solvent Sys- 50 tems. -
Mangrove - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia
Mangrove - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangrove From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Mangroves are various types of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics – mainly between latitudes 25° N and 25° S. The remaining mangrove forest areas of the world in 2000 was 53,190 square miles (137,760 km²) spanning 118 countries and territories.[1][2] The word is used in at least three senses: (1) most broadly to refer to the habitat and entire plant assemblage or mangal,[3] for which the terms mangrove forest biome, mangrove swamp and mangrove forest are also used, (2) to refer to all trees and large shrubs in the mangrove swamp, and (3) narrowly to refer to the mangrove family of plants, the Rhizophoraceae, or even more A mangrove forest in Palawan, specifically just to mangrove trees of the genus Rhizophora. The term Philippines "mangrove" comes to English from Spanish (perhaps by way of Portuguese), and is likely to originate from Guarani. It was earlier "mangrow" (from Portuguese mangue or Spanish mangle), but this word was corrupted via folk etymology influence of the word "grove". The mangrove biome, or mangal, is a distinct saline woodland or shrubland habitat characterized by depositional coastal environments, where fine sediments (often with high organic content) collect in areas protected from high-energy wave action. The saline conditions tolerated by various mangrove species range from brackish water, through pure seawater (30 to 40 ppt(parts per thousand)), to water concentrated by Pneumatophores penetrate the sand evaporation to over twice the salinity of ocean seawater (up to 90 surrounding a mangrove tree. -
Wood Anatomy of Lythraceae Assigned to The
Ada Bot. Neerl. 28 (2/3), May 1979, p.117-155. Wood anatomy of the Lythraceae P. Baas and R.C.V.J. Zweypfenning Rijksherbarium, Leiden, The Netherlands SUMMARY The wood anatomy of 18 genera belonging to the Lythraceae is described. The diversity in wood structure of extant Lythraceae is hypothesized to be derived from a prototype with scanty para- I tracheal parenchyma, heterogeneous uniseriate and multiseriate rays, (septate)libriform fibres with minutely bordered pits, and vessels with simple perforations. These characters still prevail in a number of has been limited in of Lythraceae. Specialization very most Lythraceae shrubby or herbaceous habit: these have juvenilistic rays composed mainly of erect rays and sometimes com- pletely lack axial parenchyma. Ray specialization towards predominantly uniseriate homogeneous concomitant with fibre abundant and with rays, dimorphism leading to parenchyma differentiation, the advent of chambered crystalliferous fibres has been traced in the “series” Ginoria , Pehria, Lawsonia , Physocalymma and Lagerstroemia. The latter genus has the most specialized wood anatomy in the family and has species with abundant parenchyma aswell as species with alternating fibres. with its bands of dimorphous septate Pemphis represents an independent specialization vasicentric parenchyma and thick-walled nonseptate fibres. The affinities of with other are discussed. Pun Psiloxylon, Lythraceae Myrtales ica, Rhynchocalyx , Oliniaceae,Alzatea, Sonneratiaceae, Onagraceae and Melastomataceae all resemble Lythraceae in former accommodated in the without their wood anatomy. The three genera could even be family its wood anatomical Alzatea and Sonneratia differ in minor details extending range. Oliniaceae, only from order facilitate identification of wood tentative the Lythraceae. In to samples, keys to genera or groups ofgenera of Lythraceae as well as to some species of Lagerstroemiaare presented. -
A Review of the Plants of the Princeton Chert (Eocene, British Columbia, Canada)
Botany A review of the plants of the Princeton chert (Eocene, British Columbia, Canada) Journal: Botany Manuscript ID cjb-2016-0079.R1 Manuscript Type: Review Date Submitted by the Author: 07-Jun-2016 Complete List of Authors: Pigg, Kathleen; Arizona State University, School of Life Sciences DeVore, Melanie; Georgia College and State University, Department of Biological &Draft Environmental Sciences Allenby Formation, Aquatic plants, Fossil monocots, Okanagan Highlands, Keyword: Permineralized floras https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/botany-pubs Page 1 of 75 Botany A review of the plants of the Princeton chert (Eocene, British Columbia, Canada) Kathleen B. Pigg , School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, PO Box 874501, Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA Melanie L. DeVore , Department of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Georgia College & State University, 135 Herty Hall, Milledgeville, GA 31061 USA Corresponding author: Kathleen B. Pigg (email: [email protected]) Draft 1 https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/botany-pubs Botany Page 2 of 75 A review of the plants of the Princeton chert (Eocene, British Columbia, Canada) Kathleen B. Pigg and Melanie L. DeVore Abstract The Princeton chert is one of the most completely studied permineralized floras of the Paleogene. Remains of over 30 plant taxa have been described in detail, along with a diverse assemblage of fungi that document a variety of ecological interactions with plants. As a flora of the Okanagan Highlands, the Princeton chert plants are an assemblage of higher elevation taxa of the latest early to early middle Eocene, with some components similar to those in the relatedDraft compression floras. However, like the well known floras of Clarno, Appian Way, the London Clay, and Messel, the Princeton chert provides an additional dimension of internal structure. -
The 'Mangrove Reference Database and Herbarium'
Plant Ecology and Evolution 143 (2): 225–232, 2010 doi:10.5091/plecevo.2010.439 SHORT COMMUNICATION The ‘Mangrove Reference Database and Herbarium’ Sergi Massó i Alemán1,2,8, Carine Bourgeois1, Ward Appeltans3, Bart Vanhoorne3, Nathalie De Hauwere3, Piet Stoffelen4, André Heughebaert5 & Farid Dahdouh-Guebas1,6,7,8,* 1Laboratory of Complexity and Dynamics of Tropical Systems, Department of Organism Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.) - CP 169, Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium 2GreB, Laboratori de Botànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Joan XXIII s/n, ES-08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain 3Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee/Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ), Wandelaarkaai 7, BE-8400 Oostende, Belgium 4National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Bouchout Domain, Nieuwelaan 38, BE-1860 Meise, Belgium 5Belgian Biodiversity Platform, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.) - CP 257, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium 6Biocomplexity Research Focus, Laboratory of Plant Biology and Nature Management, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (V.U.B.), Pleinlaan 2, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium 7BRLU Herbarium et Bibliothèque de Botanique africaine, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), 50 Avenue F. D. Roosevelt, CP 169, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium 8Equally contributing authors *Author for correspondence: [email protected] Background – In the light of loss of mangrove forests and related biodiversity world-wide the overall objective of the online ‘Mangrove Reference Database and Herbarium’ is to give a current and historic overview of the global, regional and particularly the local distribution of true mangrove species. Databasing and website construction – All data are based on records containing species location information of all mangrove species (approximately 75). -
Interim Report GVG.Pdf
Disclaimer: Due to COVID-19, the team could not carry forward the work as planned. The remaining work will be carried out in the coming field season i.e., from September 2020-August 2021 (depending on the pandemic situation). The information provided here are preliminary findings and no final inferences are drawn at this preliminary stage. Further data collection and analysis are needed for drawing final inferences. Adhikarimayum, A.S., Ahmad, A., Deepan, C., Deshwal, D., Himanshu, C.L., Lamgouhao, N., and Gopi, G.V. (2020). Status and conservation of tigers and their habitats in hill ranges of northeast India with special reference to Mishmi hills, Manipur and Nagaland. First interim project progress report. Technical report. Wildlife Institute of India. TR/2020/12. i | P a g e TABLE OF CONTENTS Page no Acknowledgements iii Executive Summary 1 Introduction 4 Objectives 5 CHAPTERS CHAPTER 1 Kamlang Tiger Reserve 6 CHAPTER 2 Mehao Wildlife Sanctuary 26 CHAPTER 3 Dibang Wildlife Sanctuary 47 CHAPTER 4 Manipur and Nagaland 69 APPENDICES Appendix A MoU between WII and NTCA Appendix B Permission letter from Government of Arunachal Pradesh Appendix C Permission letter from Government of Manipur Appendix D Permission letter from Government of Nagaland ii | P a g e Acknowledgements First and foremost, we would like to thank the people of Dibang Valley, Lower Dibang Valley, Lohit districts in Arunachal Pradesh, Peren district in Nagaland, Tamenglong and Senapati districts in Manipur for their generous support and help during our fieldwork. We are immensely grateful to Dr. Debabrata Swain and Dr. Anup K Nayak, former Member Secretaries of NTCA, Dr.S.P.Yadav, Member Secretary, NTCA, Mr. -
Nursery Techniques of Local Tree Species
SFRI Information Bulletin No. 9 NURSERY TECHNIQUES OF LOCAL TREE SPECIES N.S. BISHT, S.P. AHI.AWAT & U.V. SINGH STATE FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS GOVT. OF ARUNACHAL PRADESH ITANAGAR. Fig. 1. Polytube nursery a. Polytube (polybag open at both the ends) b. Fine bamboo sticks which direct the roots; C; Six bamboo sticks placed in a polytube; d, Bamboo and wire-mesh stand to keep polytubes. STATE FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE Van Vihar, P.B. No, 159 Itanagar- 791 111, Arunachal Pradesh PREFACE Arunachal Pradesh, also known as the land of rising sun, is the largest state of the Northeast India. The state is bestowed with lush green forests, which harbours a great diversity of flora and fauna. From aeons people have been living in close harmony with nature. Most of the local tree species are quite fast growing in nature and have good demand in timber trade. The past experience shows that their plantations are successful and acceptable to the local people. Most of them are easy to grow, people know their nursery techniques from the knowledge gained by experience but the information has not been documented so far. A comprehensive account of nursery techniques for the plants of the region in general and state in particular is lacking. Therefore, for a new-comer it becomes difficult to handle the situation while developing and managing nursery meant for local tree species. The seeds have very short viability in most of the cases and are to be collected immediately at the time of proper maturity. -
Shirley A. Graham
SHIRLEY A. GRAHAM, CURATOR MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN 4344 Shaw Boulevard SAINT LOUIS, MISSOURI 63166-0299 (314) 577-9473 x 76206 email: [email protected] June, 2019 FIELD OF STUDY Systematics and evolution of the flowering plants, specializing in the plant family Lythraceae, the Loosestrifes, the species, their evolutionary and biogeographical history. Currently I am focused on two projects: producing a modern monograph of the ca. 250 species of the tropical American genus Cuphea, incorporating data from morphology, molecular phylogenies, palynology, chromsomes, and seed oil chemistry; and with two colleagues, to complete a family phylogeny and sufficient markers to expose the most basal evolutionary branches and representative of all genera. EDUCATION 1957 - B.S., Michigan State University, Biology 1960 - M.A., University of Michigan, Biology 1963 - Ph.D., University of Michigan, Botany 1964 - Post-Doctoral, Harvard University, Botany ACADEMIC AWARDS AND GRANTS 1958 - Fulbright Scholarship, University of Copenhagen, Denmark 1959 - Horace H. Rackham Graduate Fellow, University of Michigan 1961 - University Scholar and National Science Foundation Summer Fellowship 1962 - University Fellow 1979 - Henkel Corporation Research Travel Grant, $5000 1981 - Procter & Gamble Research and Travel Grant, $7000 1984-1987 - National Science Foundation BSR 8314366 - Research Award, $124,968 1988-1991 - National Science Foundation BSR 8806523 - Research Award, $99,305 1991-1993 - National Science Foundation DEB 9210543 - Career Advancement Award, $44,000 1995-1999 - National Science Foundation DEB 9509524 - Research Award, $160,000 1996-1997 - NSF Research Experience for Undergraduates Supplemental Award, $5000 1997-1998 - NSF Research Experience for Undergraduates Supplemental Award, $5000 1998 - Finalist, Distinguished Scholar Award, Kent State University 1998 - Elected Fellow, Ohio Academy of Sciences 1999 - Board of Directors, Ohio Plant Biotechnological Consortium, 2000-2001 - Ohio Plant Biotechnology Consortium, 1 year competitive research award, jointly to Dr. -
Species Composition of the Vegetation Along the Sherichhu River, Lower Montane Area of Eastern Bhutan
Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. 39 (3), 303-316, May - Jun. 2017 http://www.sjst.psu.ac.th Original Article Species composition of the vegetation along the Sherichhu River, lower montane area of Eastern Bhutan Tenzin Jamtsho1* and Kitichate Sridith2 1 Yangchenphug Higher Secondary School, Ministry of Education, Thimphu, Bhutan 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110 Thailand Receive: 28 March 2016; Revised: 22 May 2016; Accepted: 27 May 2016 Abstract An investigation of the riparian vegetation along the Sherichhu River, lower montane area of Eastern Bhutan was conducted from April to December 2015 to explore the plant communities in terms of species composition. A total number of 18 plots were placed within the remnant patches of the vegetation on either side of the river. In total, 172 species of vascular plant has been recorded. The cluster analysis suggested four types of plant communities in the study area viz., the Mallotus- Desmodium-Rhus shrubland and the Syzygium venosum woodland communities, which are located in V-shaped valleys and the Albizia-Flueggea woodland and Quercus glauca woodland communities located in U-shaped valleys. In broad-spectrum, the topographic features and environmental variables i.e. litter accumulation and flooding condition might also have some impact on the species composition of the plant communities of this vegetation. Keywords: Sherichhu River, Bhutan, riparian vegetation, species composition, litter thickness 1. Introduction species of both sub-tropical and temperate genera (Roder & Frei, 2013). In any case, only few studies are concerned about Bhutan is positioned within the fledgling mountain the vegetation accounting mainly on the temperate and alpine range of the Eastern Himalayas with an area of 38,394 km2. -
Molecular Differentiation and Phylogenetic Relationship of the Genus Punica (Punicaceae) with Other Taxa of the Order Myrtales
Rheedea Vol. 26(1) 37–51 2016 ISSN: 0971 - 2313 Molecular differentiation and phylogenetic relationship of the genus Punica (Punicaceae) with other taxa of the order Myrtales D. Narzary1, S.A. Ranade2, P.K. Divakar3 and T.S. Rana4,* 1Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati – 781 014, Assam, India. 2Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, CSIR – National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow – 226 001, India. 3Departamento de Biologia Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, 28040, Madrid, Spain. 4Molecular Systematics Laboratory, CSIR – National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow – 226 001, India. *E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Phylogenetic analyses were carried out in two species of Punica L. (P. granatum L. and P. protopunica Balf.f.), and twelve closely related taxa of the order Myrtales based on sequence of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) and the 5.8S coding region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. All the accessions of the Punica grouped into a distinct clade with strong support in Bayesian, Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony analyses. Trapaceae showed the most distant relationship with other members of Lythraceae s.l. Phylogenetic tree exclusively generated for 42 representative taxa of the family Lythraceae s.l., revealed similar clustering pattern of Trapaceae and Punicaceae in UPGMA and Bayesian trees. All analyses strongly supported the monophyly of the family Lythraceae s.l., nevertheless, the sister relation with family Onagraceae is weakly supported. The analyses of the ITS sequences of Punica in relation to the other taxa of the family Lythraceae s.l., revealed that the genus Punica is distinct under the family Lythraceae, however this could be further substantiated with comparative sequencing of other phylogenetically informative regions of chloroplast and nuclear DNA.