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Use of Ballast Inspection Technology for the Prioritization, Planning and Management of Ballast Delivery and Placement Dr
Use of Ballast Inspection Technology for the Prioritization, Planning and Management of Ballast Delivery and Placement Dr. Allan M. Zarembski, PE, Hon. Mbr. AREMA, FASME Research Professor University of Delaware Mr. Gregory T. Grissom, PE Vice President Engineering, Georgetown Rail Equipment Company Mr. Todd L. Euston, PE Senior Engineer Inspection Technologies Georgetown Rail Equipment Company Abstract This paper presents the results of a study on the optimization of ballast placement planning, prioritization and management for railway ballast distribution. Specifically, this paper presents the requirements for and inputs necessary to more effectively manage the ballast placement process and take advantage of the new track inspection technologies that provide more accurate and reliable data about ballast condition and track profile. This is to include addressing such key issues as: Where and how much ballast should be placed; to include ballast at end of ties (shoulders), under ties, and in cribs. How much ballast should be placed; to include reference or required ballast profile based on vertical, lateral and longitudinal performance requirements A key portion of this study was the introduction of new inspection technologies now available to more accurately define the ballast requirements. This includes such newly introduced inspection technologies as LIDAR for measurement of the ballast profile, Ground Penetrating Radar inspection for ballast depth deficiency, and other related inspection technologies. This in turn allows for more accurate ballast deficit analysis and calculation to include the reference or “ideal” profile used to determine the ballast deficit and the calculation of the difference between the current profile and this reference profile, which includes vertical load distribution and lateral and longitudinal restraint requirements. -
Longitudinal Track-Ballast Resistance of Railroad Tracks Considering Four Different Types of Sleepers
Longitudinal Track-Ballast Resistance of Railroad Tracks Considering Four Different Types of Sleepers Rudney C. Queiroz São Paulo State University, Bauru (SP), Brazil Abstract This paper aims at studying the behavior of a railroad track concerning the action of longitudinal forces, targeting the determination of the track-ballast resistance, in a real scale standard track model. This research, was developed at the São Paulo State University, and consisted of a comparative study of track- ballast resistance for railroad tracks built with four different types of sleepers. The first set of sleepers was made of steel, the second one was made of wood, the third one of prestressed-concrete and the fourth one of two-block concrete. In order to carry out this research, four 1600 mm gauge models were built with two TR-68 rails, fastened to seven sleepers by means of elastic fasteners and base plates. The sleepers, all of the same type for each model, were embedded in 0.35 m thick ballast, which was supported by a layer of 30 cm thick compacted soil. The computerized data acquisition system allowed displacement and force values to be obtained in real time. By convention, the maximum longitudinal track-ballast resistance corresponds to a displacement of 15 mm. The prestressed-concrete sleeper setup showed the greatest longitudinal track-ballast resistance per sleeper. The second best performance was obtained by the two- block concrete sleeper setup, followed by the wooden and the steel sleeper setups. The force- displacement curves showed an exponential rise to a maximum shape. The displacement corresponding to the maximum track-ballast resistances were different for each kind of sleeper setup. -
University of Southampton Research Repository Eprints Soton
University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND THE ENVIRONMENT TRACK BEHAVIOUR: THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SLEEPER TO BALLAST INTERFACE BY LOUIS LE PEN THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY 2008 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to sincerely thank Professor William Powrie and Dr Daren Bowness for the opportunity given to me to carry out this research. I'd also like to thank the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council for the funding which made this research possible. Dr Daren Bowness worked very closely with me in the first year of my research and helped me begin to develop some of the skills required in the academic research community. Daren also provided me with some of the key references in this report, he is sadly missed. -
Special Specification 5104 Ballasted Track Construction
5104 Special Specification 5104 Ballasted Track Construction 1. DESCRIPTION This Item will govern for the construction of ballasted track on constructed trackbed. Ballasted track construction includes, but is not limited to, placing ballast, distributing and lining ties, installing and field welding running rail, installing jointed rail, installing turnouts and switches, rehabilitating existing ties and rail, raising and lining track, installing vehicular grade crossings, and other incidentals as specified herein. Track on ballasted and open deck bridges is also included. 2. MATERIALS 2.1. General. Use new material conforming to this specification unless otherwise designated in the plans or as approved by the Engineer. New material must be free from defects, rust, or damage and conform to the requirements of AREMA standards and the most current version of the UP General Specifications and Project Special Provisions unless otherwise stated in the plans, these specifications, or as required by the Engineer. Provide new material in an unblemished condition, free from defects, rust, or damage. 2.2. Rail. 2.2.1. Use Type RE 136 lb. Standard Strength Continuous Welded Rail meeting the requirements of Union Pacific Standard Drawing 176500, “136 Lb. Rail Section” and conforming to the requirements of American Railway Engineering and Maintenance of Way Association (AREMA) Chapter 4 “Rail” and UP General Specifications Section 34 11 10 – Railroad Track Construction unless otherwise specified in the plans. Rail must be 136 RE head hardened rail unless otherwise specified in the plans. 2.2.2. All rail, excluding rail for industry leads, must be continuously shop welded and transported in 400 ft. -
Use of Geogrids in Railroad Beds and Ballast Construction
Use of Geogrid in Subgrade-Ballast System of Railroads Subjected to Cyclic Loading for Reducing Maintenance B. M. Das, Dean Emeritus California State University, Sacramento, USA ABSTRACT During the past twenty-five years biaxial geogrids have been used as reinforcement in the construction of railroad beds and ballasts to improve their performance and structural integrity. A review of several published field and large-scale laboratory test results relating to the reinforcing ability of geogrids is presented. Also included are a number of case histories from several countries where layer(s) of geogrid were used in ballast and sub-ballast layers and on soft subgrade to reduce track settlement and, hence, the frequency of maintenance. 1. INTRODUCTION A geogrid is defined as a polymeric (i.e., geosynthetic) material consisting of connected parallel sets of tensile ribs with apertures of sufficient size to allow strike-through of surrounding soil, stone, or other geotechnical material. Their primary functions are reinforcement and separation. Reinforcement refers to the mechanism(s) by which the engineering properties of the composite soil/aggregate are mechanically improved. Separation refers to the physical isolation of dissimilar materials — say, ballast and sub-ballast or sub-ballast and subgrade — such that they do not commingle. Netlon Ltd. of the United Kingdom was the first producer of geogrids. In 1982 the Tensar Corporation (presently Tensar International) introduced geogrids in the United States. Historically speaking, in the 1950’s Dr. Brian Mercer (1927-1998) developed the Netlon® process in which plastics are extruded into a net-like process in one stage. He founded Netlon Ltd. -
Tng 23 Winter 1958
THI NARROW GAUGI IAllWAY SOCIITY No.23 Winier 1951 /51 THE NARROW GAUGE (Official Magazine of the Narrow Gauge Railway Society) Editor: W.J.K.Davies, Merton Court, Sidcup, Kent. No. 23 Winter 1958/59 CONTENTS Officers of the Society Editorial Journeys on the Narrow Gauge No. 2 (Carris) Some Problems of Narrow Gauge Modelling Part 2 Metropolitan Water Board (Hampton on Thames) Potters Bar Contractor's Railway - Loco List Jacks All Right! The Narrow Gauge Railway Museum With the Preservation Societies in 1958 Tailpiece Book Reviews We are very grateful to all those who have helped to produce this magazine, especially to Railway Magazine and Mr. J.I.C.Boyd for the loan of blocks; and to the original owners of the photos for permission to use them. Cover Picture :- Talyllyn Railway Co. Fletcher Jennings 0-4-2ST No. 1 Talyllyn, back home after a complete rebuild. Block: Railway Magazine, Photo: J.Davis Officers of the Society President and Founder: E.G.Cope COMMITTEE Chairman and Leeds Agent: RN.Redman, 11 Outwood Walk, Leeds. Hon. Secretary and London Agent : C.H.John, 23 Crossway, West Ealing, London W13. Hon. Treasurer: C.H.John. Hon. Publications Officer and Magazine Editor: W.J.K.Davies. Hon. Publicity Officer: P.G.Brennand, 37 Norwich Avenue, Leeds 10. Committee Member: H.Holdsworth, 5 Halliday Grove, Leeds 12. Committee Member : E.RHeaton, 30 Wychall Lane, Birmingham 30. Librarian : RP.Lee, The Sycamores, Church Street, Golcar, Huddersfield. Editorial In this, the second issue of the magazine under my editorship, certain changes have been made as an experiment and I hope that they will meet with your approval. -
NEWSLETTER Issue 75 January 2013
DERBYSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY NEWSLETTER Issue 75 January 2013 Dame Catherine Harpur c 1616 – 1640s DERBYSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2012 / 2013 President MR. JULIAN RICHARDS BA, FSA, MIFA Vice Presidents MR. A. DAVIES, MR. T.J. LARIMORE, MRS. B. HUTTON, MR. J. R. MARJORAM, DR. P. STRANGEMR. M.A.B. MALLENDER, MRS J. STEER Chairman Mrs J. Heginbotham, 59 Hickton Rd., Swanwick, of Council Alfreton, DE55 1AG Tel 01773 609629 e-mail; [email protected] Hon. Treasurer Mr P. Billson, 150 Blenheim Drive, Allestree, Derby, DE22 2GN Tel 01332 550725 e-mail; [email protected] Hon. Secretary Mrs B. A. Foster, 2, The Watermeadows, Swarkestone, Derbyshire, DE73 7FX Tel 01332 704148 e-mail; [email protected] Programme Sec. Mrs M. McGuire, 16 Carron Close, Sinfin, &Publicity Officer Derby, DE24 9LH Tel 01332 771394 e-mail; [email protected] Membership Mr K.A. Reedman, 107, Curzon St, Long Eaton, Secretary Derbyshire, NG10 4FH Tel 0115 9732150 e-mail; [email protected] Hon. Editors Dr. D.V. Fowkes, 11 Sidings Way, Westhouses, (Journal) Alfreton, Derby DE55 5AS Tel 01773 546626 e-mail; [email protected] Miss P. Beswick, 4, Chapel Row, Froggatt, Calver, Hope Valley, S32 3ZA Tel 01433 631256 e-mail; [email protected] Newsletter Editor Mrs B. A. Foster, 2, The Watermeadows, Swarkestone, Derbyshire, DE73 7FX Tel 01332 704148 e-mail; [email protected] Hon Assistant Mr. J.R. Marjoram, Southfield House, Portway, Librarian Coxbench, Derby, DE21 5BE Tel 01332 880600 e-mail; [email protected] Publications Dr. D.V. Fowkes, Or (Addresses above) Mrs B.A. -
Narrow-Gauge Railways, of Two Feet Gauge and Under
376 JULY 1898. NARROW-GAUGE RAILWAYS, OF TWO FEET GAUGE AND UNDER. - BY Mn. LESLIE S. ROBERTSON, OF LONDON. __ The circumstance that the Members of the Institution are to have the opportunity, through the courtesy of Sir Arthur Percival Heywood, Bart., of inspecting an interesting example of a very Narrow-Gauge Line of his own design, ?or which all the details, mechanical and otherwise, have been carefully thought out by its designer-and the coincidence that this meeting of the Institution is being held under the presidency of one of the leading locomotive engineers of this country-render the present a favourable opportunity for bringing before the Institution some facts in connection with this class of Light Railways. The whole subject of light railways cannot be treated within the limits of the present short paper, which is confined to narrow-gauge railways of two feet gauge and under: although the author is personally of opinion that the circumstances which would justify the adoption of a gauge under two feet must be of an exceptional character. Comparatively few engineers realise the capability of narrow-gauge railways, and the saving that can be effected by their adoption, when applied to large industrial undertakings. Several instances have come under the author's notice, where the judicious adoption of light narrow-gauge lines, such as those dealt with in this paper, has resulted in considerable financial benefit to those concerned in them. Reasons for adoption.-Narrow-gauge lines of this class may be roughly divided into two categories:-first, where the work to be done is of a permanent and constant nature, enabling the line'to be laid down as a fixture ; and second, where the work is of a temporary character. -
Ravenglass Railway Museum
The R&ER Magazine Number 232 March 2019 The Journal of the Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway Preservation Society The R&ER Magazine No.232 Editorial March 2019 Keith Herbert In 1894 was built the third (and largest) of pioneer Sir Arthur Heywood’s six Published quarterly by the Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway 15in gauge steam locomotives – the 0-8-0 tank engine Muriel. His Duffield Bank Preservation Society Limited Railway sported gradients as sheer as 1 in 10, curves as tight as 25ft radius and Member of the Heritage Railway Association a trestle viaduct some 89ft long, and employed all the family’s children in its Editorial Team: Keith Herbert, Di Chase, Bill Seddon, Opinions expressed by contributors and operation. These included Muriel Heywood, one of seven daughters. Could she Mark Harrington, John Taylor in editorial comment do not necessarily have believed that the engine named in her honour would still be at work 125 Editorial Designer: Julie Hutchinson reflect the collective views of the Society. years after its construction? Or that she and her sisters were pioneers in their The R&ER Magazine is always pleased to receive own right, foretelling the involvement of women in the operation of railways in PRESS DEADLINE: Material for inclusion correspondence, photographs and articles for possible the decades to come, perhaps most notably in wartime. inclusion. Most nowadays arrive via our e-mail address, in the next issue of the Magazine must but postal contributions remain welcome. Please reach the editors not later than Over 125 years Muriel has been transformed from estate railway demonstrator, include a name and contact address with any prints. -
STEAM & ROLL BACK the YEARS Ravenglass & Eskdale Railway
STEAM & ROLL BACK THE YEARS Ravenglass & Eskdale Railway Press Pack 2013 Steamroll Back The Years With A Little La’al Ratty Magic In 2013 Passengers of all ages who buy a ticket to board a Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway narrow gauge steam train in 2013 will be rolling back the years and experiencing the magic of steam, coupled with the retro feel-good factor that comes from having days out the way they used to be. An exciting and full day out can be enjoyed with the Lake District’s longest-established narrow gauge steam railway, (established since 1875 and colloquially known as La’al Ratty or The Ratty), which also offers the longest steam journey available in The Lakes. Fourteen miles of twists and turns and rises and falls in the track make this a fabulous and value-for-money return trip to take from the Lake District coast, to a location nestled in the shadow of its highest mountains, including towering Scafell. During the 40-minute journey, there is much to spot and see to satisfy keen eyes and minds, whether that is a geographical feature such as imposing Muncaster Fell, a red squirrel playing in the trees, or quiz trail clues hidden beside the track. The terrain moves from coastal estuary, to fell landscapes and from lush and hidden valley bottoms, to glimpses of the serpent-like River Esk – a dream for photographers. A day out can also be enjoyed with train travel as the only transportation method, if budget-conscious or environmentally-friendly families wish to save on petrol and emissions and take advantage of Northern Rail services, which connect with Ravenglass. -
Download Press Release
Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway Consumer Press Pack 2016 ’Take A Liking Choo The Lakes’ For immediate release January 29, 2015 Lake District Steam Railway’s Events Programme Unlocks Both Heritage And Landscape Lake District steam railway, Ravenglass and Eskdale, is enticing families, couples and railway enthusiasts alike in 2016 with an appealing events programme that offers fun, focus, flora and fauna. The R&ER’s 2016 calendar features more than 21 dates in the diary that demonstrate the coming of age of the Railway as a diverse visitor attraction that can cater for a range of interests and passengers. All events can unlock the heritage and landscape of the Western Lake District’s heritage and landscape in one way or another and the programme runs from February to December, providing lots of opportunities to sample more than one. 2016 will see five brand new events taking place at the narrow gauge railway. The first of these will help celebrate the 150th year of Beatrix Potter’s™ birth and is a Beatrix Potter™ Walk with the National Trust, which runs on Saturday May 28 and then again on Saturday June 25 and Thursday July 21. On these dates, those who pre-book this experience will be able to go to Dalegarth station under their own steam, or that of a heritage loco travelling from Ravenglass, and then take a free walk that is guided by a knowledgeable National Trust Ranger. This Beatrix Potter™themed midday walk will see the group heading to the Penny Hill working farm – the only farm the children’s author owned in Eskdale. -
The R&ER Magazine
The R&ER Magazine Number 216 March 2015 The Journal of the Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway Preservation Society Published quarterly by the Peter Hensman OBE The Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway Preservation Society Limited The R&ER Magazine congratulates Peter Hensman, Chairman of the Board R&ER Member of the Heritage of the Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway Company, on his being awarded the Railway Association Order of the British Empire for voluntary service to the rural economy in Magazine Cumbria, in the Queen’s birthday honours list, 2014. No 216 March 2015 Editorial Team: Keith Herbert, Di Chase, Opinions expressed by contributors and Bill Seddon, Mark Harrington, in editorial comment do not necessarily Editorial John Taylor reflect the collective views of the Society. Keith Herbert Editorial Designer: Julie Hutchinson Address for Magazine Correspondence: PRESS DEADLINE: Material for inclusion in The permanent way of the Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway seems, at times, Keith Herbert the next issue of the Magazine must anything but permanent. Though our line has existed on its fifteen-inch gauge 7 Dalegarth Cottages reach the editors not later than rails for a century, now more than ever in history the seven-mile stretch is Boot, Holmrook Thursday 16th April at noon. treated for defects and treated to improvements. This winter has seen the hotly Cumbria CA19 1TF Please send material earlier if possible. anticipated arrival of plastic sleepers in what must be described as a radical [email protected] move which could, in time, pay great dividends. The British Columbia Society The R&ER Magazine is always pleased to receive correspondence, photographs and articles for possible inclusion.